语法填空满分攻略及解题技巧

语法填空错一半？收下这份满分攻略及解题技巧

语法填空解题技巧：语法填空重在语境中考查考生的综合语言运用能力。它是命题人在预先选好的一篇地道的英语文章中，在保证句子成分、结构和语法等有效解题信息基本完备的基础上，挖去10个空所为，这10个空根据有无提示词可分为有提示词类和无提示词类两种。

从近三年高考来看，语法填空的考点分布如下：

01有提示词类：设置7个小题

02无提示词类：设置3个小题

如何应对提示词为动词题

【思维流程】

【示例1】

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65. (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 66.belief that populations are increasing.

【分析】

分析句子结构可知，缺少谓语，故应填谓语动词。由时间状语“In recent years”可知，句子用现在完成时；再由主语“some Inuit people”可知，谓语动词应用复数形式，故谓语动词用have reported。

【示例2】

(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call 68. (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69. a joke.

分析：分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词got，空处应填非谓语动词。再由句意可知，say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语saying...作后置定语，修饰a call。

如何应对提示词为其他词题

【思维流程】

【示例1】

(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66.that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67. (cause).

【分析】

cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，且前面有all修饰，故填cause的复数形式causes。

【示例2】

(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)They also shared with us many 67. (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 68.hugely(huge) popular with tourists.

分析：所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional。

【示例3】

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62. (poor) studied.

【分析】

此处修饰动词studied，故应用形容词poor的副词形式poorly。

【示例4】

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by 67.noting(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68. (high) than they actually are.

【分析】

根据空格后的than可知，此处应用high的比较级形式higher。

【示例5】

(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find

68. (they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal

69.meant(mean) me no real harm.

【分析】

分析句子结构可知，此处作find的宾语，alive为宾语补足语，故此处要用人称代词的宾格。故填them。

【示例6】

(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)On my recent visit，I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68. (it) mother.

【分析】

根据空格后的名词mother及前文中的a lively three-month-old twin可知此处作定语，要用形容词性物主代词its。

如何应对纯空格题

【思维流程】

【示例1】

(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Modern methods 63. tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.

【分析】

a method of/for doing sth做某事的方法。

【示例2】

(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was searching 67. these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.

【分析】

search for意为“寻找”，为固定搭配，故填介词for。

【示例3】