地基处理强夯法

SELECTION OF TAMPER AND DROP HEIGHT
n has been found at project sites to range from 0.3 to 0.8.
The variation in n is attributed to the: ① Efficiency of the drop mechanism of the crane. ② Total amount of energy applied. ③ Type of soil deposit being densified. ④ Presence of energy absorbing layers. ⑤ Presence of a hard layer above or below the deposit being densified. ⑥ Contact pressure of the tamper.
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介 论 文 介绍 绍绪 论
预 研 究 背 景 预先 先评 评估 估
设 研 究 方 法 研计 设 究考 计 方虑 考 法 虑
招 研 究 结 果 题 讨 论 强 总 夯 结 调 研投 招 究标 投 结程 标 果序 程 序问 问建 建 题设 设 讨监 监 论管 管论 论文 文 强 总 夯 结 调整 整
AREA TO DENSIFY
Dynamic compaction is generally completed over an area larger than the plan area of the embankment or the loaded area.
GRID SPACING AND NUMBER OF DROPS
other equipment
Providing sufficient cables, swivels, and other equipment
equipment
Providing the proper equipment with a single cable to raise and drop the tamper
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研 预 先 评 估 预究 先背 评景 估
设计 研 究考 方虑 法
招投 研 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
APPLIED ENERGY REQUIREMENTS SELECTION OF TAMPER AND DROP HEIGHT
AREA TO DENSIFY
A drop point spacing of 1.5to 2.5 times the diameter or width of the tamper is common.
论 介文 绍绪 论
研 预究 先背 评景 估
设计 研 究考 方虑 法
招投 研 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
Two basic types of specifications are used for dynamic compaction projects: method specifications and performance specifications.
method specifications
Close coordination between the design engineer and the person writing the specifications is essential！
MULTIPLE PASSES
The number of drops that can be applied at a grid point location at onetime could be limited by the depth of the crater.
SURFACE STABILIZING LAYER
information
Providing subsurface information including the geotechnical report to the bidders
specify
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TEXT
S
R
Specifying the end product to be achieved.
area
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研 预究 先背 评景 估
研计 设 究考 方虑 法
研投 招 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
method specifications
Payment Recordkeeping Required testing Backfill and ground leveling
Site preparation
Recordkeeping
Work area
Prequalification
Project description
Required improvement
Time during for dynamic compaction
Required testing
Payment
Defining the extent of the area to be improved.
A
requirements
Listing the minimum prequalification requirements
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研 预究 先背 评景 估
研计 设 究考 方虑 法
研投 招 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
Design
considerations
GRID SPACING AND NUMBER OF DROPS
SURFACE STABILIZING LAYER
MULTIPLE PASSES
论 介文 绍绪 论
研 预究 先背 评景 估
设计 研 究考 方虑 法
招投 研 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
safety
Maintaining safety at the job site including a safe working distance
records
Keeping records of the number of drops, the number of passes
schedule
Maintaining production to meet the schedule assigned for the project.
Lighter tampers and smaller drop heights result in depths of improvement on the order of 3.0 to 4.6 m. Heavier tampers and greater drop heights result in improvements on the order of 6.1 to 9.1 m
Adjustments during dynamic compaction
介绍
预先评估
设计考虑
招投标程序
建设监管
强夯调整
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The mass of the tampers generally ranges from 5.4 to 27.2 Mg, and drop heights range from 12.2to 30.5 m.
地基处理强夯法（动力固结法）
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Introduction Preliminary evaluation Design considerations Contracing procedures
CO N T E N T
Constraction monitoring
At sites where the surface is in an extremely loose condition, such as an old landfill, it might be Necessary to add a stabilizing surface material of granular soil to form a working mat.
performance specifications
If the design agency and/or their consultant do not have expertise in dynamic compaction, a performance type contract should be selected for the work.
论 介文 绍绪 论
研 预究 先背 评景 估
设计 研 究考 方虑 法
招投 研 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
APPLIED ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
论 介文 绍绪 论
研 预究 先背 评景 估
研计 设 究考 方虑 法
研投 招 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
Energy application Equipment required
Work area General description
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研 预究 先背 评景 估
设计 研 究考 方虑 法
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招投 研 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
performance specifications
1 2 3 4
Categorize soil type: (1) Site Investigation (2) General Description of Soil Categories Assess site restraints: (1) Ground Vibrations (2) Lateral Ground Displacements (3) High Water Table (4) Presence of Hard or Soft Layers Determine design requirements: (1) Tolerable Settlement (2) Minimum Soil Property (3) Depth Of Improvement Limitation Estimate costs: (1)Dynamic Compaction Costs (2)Alternate Ground Improvement Techniques
研 介 究 绍 背论 景 论 介文 绍绪
预 研 究 背 景 预先 先评 评估 估
设计 研 究考 方虑 法
招投 研 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN PLAN
1.Selection of the tamper mass and drop height to correspond to the required depth of improvement. 2.Determination of the applied energy to be used over the project site to result in the desired improvement. 3.Selection of the area to densify. 4.Determination of the grid spacing and number of phases. 5.Establishing the number of passes. 6.The need for a surface stabilizing layer.
论 介文 绍绪 论
研 预究 先背 评景 估
设计 研 究考 方虑 法
招投 研 究标 结程 果序 问建 题设 讨监 论管 论文 强总 夯结 调整
method specifications
The contractor’s primary duties： tamper
Providing a tamper of the prescribed size
Preparation of a method specification requires knowledge of the various facets of dynamic compaction either within the design agency or by their consultants.