geoffreyChaucer英美文学
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Contents of the course • Explores the long history of the British Literary tradition from its very start to the 19th century. • Provides guided reading of chosen works by literary masters. • Textbook: 《英国文学选 读》 • Reference book: 《简明 英国文学史》高继海 Aims Students are to learn basic knowledge about the literary tradition and important writers with their achievements. Acquire some skills to approach literary works Improve artistic sensitivity
Lecture One
Part One • Course introduction Part Two • Early and Medieval English Literature • Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) “The Canterbury Tales”
About the Course
• His half-course in the sign of the Ram has run, And the small fowl are making melody That sleep away the night with open eye (So nature pricks them and their heart engages) Then people long to go on pilgrimages And palmers long to seek the stranger strands Of far-off saints, hallowed in sundry lands, And specially, from every shire‟s end In England, down to Canterbury they wend To seek the holy blissful martyr, quick In giving help to them when they were sick.
Position and Achievements
• the father of English Poetry—by John Dryden a. First to write in English Language, the London dialect in particular, making it the standard for modern English Speech and Literature. b. Inventor of heroic couplet. • an early humanist
The Canterbury Tales
• It was written during 1387-1400. • It comprises 24 stories plus a prologue (楔 子). • The prologue offers an introduction of 30 pilgrims (朝圣者，香客) on pilgrimage to Canterbury and serves as a frame story. • The pilgrims, who come from all layers of society, tell stories to each other to kill time while they travel to Canterbury.
Old English Literature(450-1066)
• Beowulf 《贝奥伍夫》 a.Epic in Anglo-Saxon English Literature b.Verse with 3182 lines in narration of a legendary north European hero c.Written in alliterative way (头韵) Eg: the ruinous deeds of the ravaging foe that was the last fight Beowulf fought that was the end of his work in the world.
a. Celts b. The Roman Conquest (1st BC to 5th AD)Latin c. Angles, Saxons and Jutes (following 6 centuries)—Old English//597 AD, St. Augustine, Christian religion d. Norman Conquest(1066)—Latin, French, English in coexistence
The Canterbury Tales
• Form: frame story 框架故事 • a narrative providing the framework for connecting a series of otherwise unrelated stories.
• Heroic couplet 英雄双韵体 • Rhymed couplets in iambic pentameter (双行押韵，每个 诗行五音步抑扬格) • Illustration: „When „‟al//‟so „‟Ze//‟phy‟‟rus// „with „‟his// „sweet „‟breath „Ex‟‟hales// „an „‟air// „in „‟eve//‟ry „‟grove //„and „‟heath „U‟‟pon// „the „‟ten//‟der „‟shoots,// „and „‟the// „young „‟sun
Westminster Abbey-Church of coronation and burial for English monarchs
Chaucer‟s literary growth
3 stages: 1st. Translations from French romance 2nd. Writing in Latin with evident Italian influences 3rd. Writing exclusively in English language
• It is notable for its vivid characterization, its touch of satire, its metric pattern and its budding humanism (fg. Women should marry more than once; bias against the Church). • It represents a diverse cross section of the fourteenth-century English society.
Geoffrey Chaucer
Life of Chaucer
• 1. Birthplace: London • 2. Family: family name Chaucer indicating the family were shoe-makers in tradition. his father, a wealthy wine merchant. • 3. Education: studying at oxford • 4. Life Experiences: from 17, page to the royal family; captive soldier by French during the war; diplomat to France, Italy for 2 times, influenced by new Renaissance trends—Dante, Boccaccio; official at the customs of London port; a member of parliament for Kent; losing position, favor from the King, living in poverty; favor restored: being appointed Clerk of the King‟s works at Westminster, being granted with a thick pension; buried at the Poets‟ Corner in Westminster.
The Early and Medieval English Literature
Formation of the English Language Old English Literature Medieval English Literature
Formation of the English Language— multi-lingual, multi-cultural fusion
The Canterbury Taleswk.baidu.com
• The Prologue (frame story) • When the sweet showers of April fall and shoot Down through the drought of March to piece the root, Bathing every vein in liquid power From which there springs the engendering of the flower, When also Zephyrus with his sweet breath Exhales an air in every grove and heath Upon the tender shoots, and the young sun
The Medieval English Literature (1066-1485)
• Impact of the Norman Conquest Establishment of the feudal order (One hundred years war (1337-1437); Wars of the Roses(1485) Peasants‟ revolts) Integration of French and English Language Affirmation of English Language:1415, king Henry V, English became official language • Representative: Geoffrey Chaucer (?13401400)
About the course
Requirements: • Reading before class • Class Participation Class presentation about the author, and the background(5/5) Class discussion(5) • Class attendance (5) • Examination (80) Sketch of the stages • Early and Medieval Literature • Renaissance • Bouregeois Revolution and Restoration (17th c) • 18th century Literature • Romanticism • Victorian Age (19th c) • 20th C
Lecture One
Part One • Course introduction Part Two • Early and Medieval English Literature • Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) “The Canterbury Tales”
About the Course
• His half-course in the sign of the Ram has run, And the small fowl are making melody That sleep away the night with open eye (So nature pricks them and their heart engages) Then people long to go on pilgrimages And palmers long to seek the stranger strands Of far-off saints, hallowed in sundry lands, And specially, from every shire‟s end In England, down to Canterbury they wend To seek the holy blissful martyr, quick In giving help to them when they were sick.
Position and Achievements
• the father of English Poetry—by John Dryden a. First to write in English Language, the London dialect in particular, making it the standard for modern English Speech and Literature. b. Inventor of heroic couplet. • an early humanist
The Canterbury Tales
• It was written during 1387-1400. • It comprises 24 stories plus a prologue (楔 子). • The prologue offers an introduction of 30 pilgrims (朝圣者，香客) on pilgrimage to Canterbury and serves as a frame story. • The pilgrims, who come from all layers of society, tell stories to each other to kill time while they travel to Canterbury.
Old English Literature(450-1066)
• Beowulf 《贝奥伍夫》 a.Epic in Anglo-Saxon English Literature b.Verse with 3182 lines in narration of a legendary north European hero c.Written in alliterative way (头韵) Eg: the ruinous deeds of the ravaging foe that was the last fight Beowulf fought that was the end of his work in the world.
a. Celts b. The Roman Conquest (1st BC to 5th AD)Latin c. Angles, Saxons and Jutes (following 6 centuries)—Old English//597 AD, St. Augustine, Christian religion d. Norman Conquest(1066)—Latin, French, English in coexistence
The Canterbury Tales
• Form: frame story 框架故事 • a narrative providing the framework for connecting a series of otherwise unrelated stories.
• Heroic couplet 英雄双韵体 • Rhymed couplets in iambic pentameter (双行押韵，每个 诗行五音步抑扬格) • Illustration: „When „‟al//‟so „‟Ze//‟phy‟‟rus// „with „‟his// „sweet „‟breath „Ex‟‟hales// „an „‟air// „in „‟eve//‟ry „‟grove //„and „‟heath „U‟‟pon// „the „‟ten//‟der „‟shoots,// „and „‟the// „young „‟sun
Westminster Abbey-Church of coronation and burial for English monarchs
Chaucer‟s literary growth
3 stages: 1st. Translations from French romance 2nd. Writing in Latin with evident Italian influences 3rd. Writing exclusively in English language
• It is notable for its vivid characterization, its touch of satire, its metric pattern and its budding humanism (fg. Women should marry more than once; bias against the Church). • It represents a diverse cross section of the fourteenth-century English society.
Geoffrey Chaucer
Life of Chaucer
• 1. Birthplace: London • 2. Family: family name Chaucer indicating the family were shoe-makers in tradition. his father, a wealthy wine merchant. • 3. Education: studying at oxford • 4. Life Experiences: from 17, page to the royal family; captive soldier by French during the war; diplomat to France, Italy for 2 times, influenced by new Renaissance trends—Dante, Boccaccio; official at the customs of London port; a member of parliament for Kent; losing position, favor from the King, living in poverty; favor restored: being appointed Clerk of the King‟s works at Westminster, being granted with a thick pension; buried at the Poets‟ Corner in Westminster.
The Early and Medieval English Literature
Formation of the English Language Old English Literature Medieval English Literature
Formation of the English Language— multi-lingual, multi-cultural fusion
The Canterbury Taleswk.baidu.com
• The Prologue (frame story) • When the sweet showers of April fall and shoot Down through the drought of March to piece the root, Bathing every vein in liquid power From which there springs the engendering of the flower, When also Zephyrus with his sweet breath Exhales an air in every grove and heath Upon the tender shoots, and the young sun
The Medieval English Literature (1066-1485)
• Impact of the Norman Conquest Establishment of the feudal order (One hundred years war (1337-1437); Wars of the Roses(1485) Peasants‟ revolts) Integration of French and English Language Affirmation of English Language:1415, king Henry V, English became official language • Representative: Geoffrey Chaucer (?13401400)
About the course
Requirements: • Reading before class • Class Participation Class presentation about the author, and the background(5/5) Class discussion(5) • Class attendance (5) • Examination (80) Sketch of the stages • Early and Medieval Literature • Renaissance • Bouregeois Revolution and Restoration (17th c) • 18th century Literature • Romanticism • Victorian Age (19th c) • 20th C