An introduction to English poetry 英语诗歌介绍

You are many ------ they are few .
(Trochaic Tetrametre or 4 - foot Trochee)
（四步扬抑格）
4. Foot（音步）
1) Iambus（抑扬格） 2) Anapaest（抑抑扬格） 3) Trochee（扬抑格） 4) Dactyl（扬抑抑格） Dactylic Foot（扬抑抑音步） a) Take her up Lift her with tenderly , care;
ase pick up the pretty pink pills for pale people.
c) To connect actions:
The fighter fled into the field, and, foremost fighting , fell.
In terms of metre:
1) Metrical Poems（格律诗） Regular Rhyme; Regular Rhythm; Definite Number of Lines 2) Free Verse（自由诗） Irregular Rhyme and Rhythm; Irregular Number of Lines 3) Blank Verse（无韵诗） Without Rhyme ; With Rhythm
a b b a a b b a c d e c d e
The poetry of earth is never dead : When all the biirds are faint with the hot sun, And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead; That is the Grasshopper’s --- he takes the lead In summer luxury, --- he has never done With his delights; for when tired out with fun He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. The poety of earth is ceasing never : On a lone winter evening, when the frost Has wrought a silence, from the stove there shrills The Cricket’s song, in warmth increasing ever, And seems to one in drowsiness half lost, The Grasshopper’s among some grassy hills.
4. Foot（音步）
1) Iambus（抑扬格） 2) Anapaest（抑抑扬格） 3) Trochee（扬抑格） Trochaic Foot（扬抑音步） Shake your chains to earth like dew , Which in sleep had fallen on you -----
( Dactylic Bi-metre )
（两步抑抑格）
b) This is a galloping measure a hop and a
trot and a gallop ( Dactylic Hexametre or 6 - foot Dactyl )
（六步扬抑抑格）
4. Foot（音步）
1) Iambus（抑扬格） 2) Anapaest（抑抑扬格） 3) Trochee（扬抑格） 4) Dactyl（扬抑抑格） 5) Amphibrach（抑扬抑格） 6) Spondee（扬扬格）
( Poe )
b) Masculine Rhyme（阳韵）:
If all be true that I do think.
There are five reasons we should drink :
c) Feminine Rhyme（阴韵）:
(1) What is fame? An empty bubble.
An Introduction to English Poetry
1. What is poetry?
A literary form
Written in lines
Compressed content Rich imagery
Beautiful harmony
Great artistic appeal
7) Pyrric（抑抑格）
For the dear God who loveth us
（抑抑格） （扬扬格） （抑扬抑格）
5. Metre（格）
Mono-metre Bi-metre Tri-metre
Tetrametre
Pentametre Hexametre Heptametre Octametre
3. Rhythm （节奏）
Twinkle, twinkle, little star, How I wonder what you are!
4. Foot（音步）
1) Iambus（抑扬格） Iambic Foot（抑扬音步） The sun At night is not abed when I
Roman / no man ;
know it / show it
f) Trisyllabic Rhyme （三音节韵） :
beautiful / dutiful ; think of it / drink of it
e) Eye rhyme（眼韵）:
Hour tour ; now know ; dear bear ; save have
11. Sonnet:
1) Italian Sonnet（意大利体十四行诗） 2) Spenserian Sonnet（斯宾塞体十四行诗） 3) Shakespearian Sonnet（莎士比亚体十四行诗）
1) Italian Sonnet Francesco Petrach
an octave + a sestet
b
b a
4) abcb（二四韵）:
Spring is green,
Summer is bright, Autumn is gold , Winter is white.
a
b c b
10. Stanza:
A stanza is a group of lines ( of any number of lines, most frequently of four line ) boud together by an end rhyme.
2) Spenserian Sonnet Edmund Spenser 3 quatrains + a couplet
Ye tradefull merchants, that with weary toyle Do seeke nost pretious things to make your gain, And both the Indians of their treasures spoile, For loe my love doth in her selfe containe For loe my love doth in her selfe containe All this world’s riches that may farre be found. If saphyres, loe her eyes be saphyres plaine: If rubies, loe her lips be rubies sound; If pearls, her teeth be pearls both pure and round; If yvorie, her forehead yvory weene; If gold, her locks are finest gold on ground; If silver, her fair hands are silver sheene. But that which fairest is, but few behold: Her mind, adorned with vertues manifold. a b a b b c b c c d c d e e
8. Rhyme:
Home foam ; chair there
a) Internal rhyme:
I am the daughter of the Earth and Water. (Shelley) We plough and sow---we’re so very, very low. (Ernest Jones) Ah, distinctly I remember it as in the bleak December.
u pon my pil low lie
( Iambic Tetrametre or 4 - foot Iambus) （四步抑扬格）
4. Foot（音步）
1) Iambus（抑扬格） 2) Anapaest（抑抑扬格） Anapaestic Foot（抑抑扬音步） The stream will not flow, and the hill will not rise, And the co lours have all passed away from her eyes! ( Anapaestic Tetrametre or 4 - foot Anapaest) （四步抑抑扬格）
Homer: Iliad《伊利亚特》; Odyssey《奥德赛》 3) Dramatic Poems（戏剧诗） Danti: Divine Comedy《神曲》 usu. in dialogue ; in blank verse Milton: Paradise Lost 《失乐园》