if条件句的虚拟语气与倒装句
【if从句后面接的过去时态】 if引导从句的三种时态
【if从句后面接的过去时态】if引导从句的三种时态if从句是我们在学习英语时经常碰见的一种句型，那么你知道if从句后面的过去时态是怎么回事吗?下面是小编为你整理的if从句的相关资料，希望大家喜欢!if从句的过去时态不是跟的过去时态，是虚拟语气If I were you ,I'll take it.如果我是你我就买了。
这里的were并不是说我以前就是你，这里表示的一种假设，一种不存在的情况.if后面可以接的时态1.if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时态。
引导条件状语从句，用一般现在时代替将来时。
这个是学过的最简单的。
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go picnic.如果明天不下雨，我们去野炊吧。
2.if后可以接虚拟语气。
(1)第一种是与现在事实相反，if从句谓语用过去式或者were。
If I were you, I would go there alone.如果我是你，我会一个人去那里。
(与现在事实相反，可惜现在我不是你啊。
)(2)第二种是与过去事情相反，if从句谓语用过去完成时：had+过去分词。
If he had studied hard, he would have passed the exam.如果他过去努力学习，他现在就已经通过考试了。
(3)第三种是与将来事实相反，if从句谓语用动词过去式，should +动词原形，或were to + 动词原形。
If I should do/were to do/did it, I would do it in a different way.如果我做这个，我将会用另一种方法来做。
if条件句的时态if有两大用法，一个是译为一般的如果，一个是用作假设的如果在if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个推测将来有可能发生的事实，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。
一般译为如果，如：if it rains tomorrow,i won't go out.如果if 条件句谈论的是一个主观的意愿，则主句,从句大多用一般现在时态。
高考英语虚拟语气历年考点分析
高考英语虚拟语气历年考点分析情态动词和虚拟语气历年典型题训练虚拟语气在高考中考的频率不高，主要考查以下5个方面:考点一、含有if引导的状语从句的虚拟语气考点二、虚拟语气省略if的倒装情况考点三、名词性从句中的虚拟语气考点四、混合虚拟条件句（错综虚拟条件句）考点五、含蓄条件句考点精讲考点一、含有if引导的状语从句的虚拟语气（1）若与现在事实相反从句形式为：If+主语+动词过去式（be动词一般为were）主句形式为：主语+would/should/could/might +v.If he came here, he would/should/could/might help me.（2）若与过去事实相反从句形式为：If+主语+had+ done主句形式为：主语+would/should/could/might+ have+doneIf you had come here yesterday, you would/should/could/might have seen the expert.3）若与将来事实相反从句形式为：If+ 主语+ 动词过去式should + v.were to + v.主句形式为：主语+would/should/could/might + v.If he met me, he would/should/could/might be very happy.If you should come here, you would/should/could/might meet many classmates.If we were to do that, we would/should/could/might make good preparation.高考真题1：It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(2002上海)A．wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall考点二、虚拟语气省略if的倒装情况注意：在if引导的虚拟条件句中，若有动词were, should或had，有时可以省略连词if，而把这三个词放在主语之前，变成倒装句。
if虚拟语气的用法归纳
if虚拟语气的用法归纳IF虚拟语气是英语中的一种重要语法现象，主要用于表示与现实相反的假设、愿望、建议等。
它分为两种形式：if条件句和if非条件句。
以下是对IF虚拟语气用法的详细介绍：一、if条件句1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设：If + 主语+ 过去时态，主语+ would/could/might/should + 动词原形。
例如：If I were you, I would go to the party.（如果我处在你的位置，我会去参加派对。
）2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设：If + 主语+ had done，主语+ would/could/might/should + have done。
例如：If he had come to the meeting, he would have known the plan.（如果他参加了会议，他就会知道这个计划。
）二、if非条件句1. 表示建议、劝告：主语+ should/would/might/ought to + 动词原形。
例如：You should go to the party.（你应该去参加派对。
）2. 表示愿望：主语+ could/would/might + 动词原形。
例如：I wish I were a bird.（我希望我是一只鸟。
）3. 表示假设：If + 主语+ 动词过去式，主语+ would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：If I had time, I would go to the park.（如果我有时间，我会去公园。
）三、if虚拟语气的特殊结构1. 省略if，将were、had、should等词置于主语之前：主语+ were/had/should + 动词原形。
例如：She were here, she would meet him.（如果她在这里，她会见到他。
）2. 使用倒装结构：were/had/should + 主语+ 动词原形。
虚拟语气15种句型
(the past)
1 If someone had given you a valuable painting as a present, what would you have done with it? 2 If you had become the head of the United Nations, what would you have done first? 3 If you had travelled anywhere in the world,where would you have gone and what would you have done?
Subjunctive Mood
1.虚拟条件句
含义 动词形式 If 从 句 现在 did/were
主句
would/should/ did/were could/might+ 将来 were to+do do 与事实 should+do 相反 would/should/ 过去 had+done could/might+ have done
1. 表示命令/建议/要求的词所带的从句 记住以下动词以及他们的名词。 建议：suggest / recommand / advise / propose 要求：require / request / demand / ask / desire 命令：order / command/ 坚持：insist 不过是动词还是名词，不过是主动还是被动 ，后面带的不管是主语从句， 宾语从句， 表语从句还是同位语从句， 都要用should do
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
5
(the future)
1 If someone gave you a valuable painting as a present, what would you do with it? 2 If you were to become the head of the United Nations, what would you do first? 3 If you should travel anywhere in the world,where would you go and what would you do?
if引导的虚拟条件句
if引导的虚拟条件句1、虚拟语气If引导的真实条件句(16)：1.主将从现Ifsheshowsup,we’llstickwithher.I’llgiveyouacallifanything comesup.语法深化I’llkickyououtifdon’tlistentome.2.主祈从现Catchmeifyoucan.Lovemeifyoudare.Ifhecomes,heisgoingtobringh isviolin.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句：1.与如今事实相反的假设条件从句主句一般过去时should(wouldcould)+动词原形语法深化假如我是你，我不会让他走。
=If2、Iwereyou,Iwouldnotlethimgo.假如我能飞，你就抓不到我。
=IfIcouldfly,youwouldnotcatchme.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句：2.与将来事实相反的假设条件从句主句一般过去时should(wouldcould)+动词原形动词原型语法深化Wereto+Should+动词原型Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.Ifyouweretosuc ceed,everythingwouldbeallright.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句：3.与过去事实相反的假设条件从句3、主句Haddonewould,should,could+havedone语法深化Ifhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.Ifheha dnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogr ess.虚拟语气If引导的虚拟条件句：4.混合虚拟语气Ifyou_______himyesterday,you______whattodonow.(ask,know)语法深化〔从句与过去事实相反，主句与如今事实相反。
if 条件句虚拟语气
if 条件句虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气，用来表示与事实相反或假设的情况。
在if条件句中，虚拟语气通常用来表达非真实的、假设的情况。
本文将列举10个以if条件句虚拟语气为主题的例子，并对其进行详细解释。
1. If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我很富有，我会环游世界。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不富有，因此无法实现环游世界的愿望。
2. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力，我就能通过考试了。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表示对过去情况的假设，暗示说我没有努力学习，所以没有通过考试。
3. If I had a time machine, I would go back to the past and change some things.如果我有一台时间机器，我会回到过去改变一些事情。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我没有时间机器，因此无法改变过去的事情。
4. If I were the president, I would make education free for all.如果我是总统，我会让教育对所有人免费。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设，暗示说我并不是总统，所以无法实现让教育免费的目标。
5. If it didn't rain tomorrow, we could go hiking.如果明天不下雨，我们可以去远足。
解释：这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对未来情况的假设，暗示说明天可能会下雨，所以无法去远足。
6. If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared a meal for you.如果我知道你要来，我会为你准备一顿饭。
英语虚拟与倒装用法
虚拟句用法．．．．．虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来表达的愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测或建议等语气，它不表示客观存在。
1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。
如：If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。
如：If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。
如：If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
如：If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：条件状语从句主句与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 should /would/could/might + have + 过去分词与现在事实相反一般过去时(b e用were) would/should/could/might + 动词原形与将来事实相反一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形Would/should/cold/might + 动词原形有时侯在使用时可省略if，句子则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主语”。
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。
一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类：1).真实条件句（Sentences of Real Condition）：凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大，就是真实条件句。
例如：⑴、If I have tim e , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。
(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。
）2).虚拟条件句（Sentences of Unreal Condition）：当假设是不大可能实现时，就是虚拟条件句。
例如：⑴、If I were you , I w ould have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话，就去参加会议了。
⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话，就会看见他的老朋友。
⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.（如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。
）2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况：①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反。
3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
if 虚拟语气的用法
if 虚拟语气的用法一、什么是虚拟语气虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、命令或推测的一种语法形态。
它与现实情况相反，用来表达说话者对某种未实现或不确定事件的态度。
虚拟语气通常通过动词形式的变化来表示，包括谓语动词和从句中的动词。
二、虚拟语气的几个主要用法1. 表示假设：虚拟条件句常使用“if”引导，表示与事实相反的假设情况。
例如：“如果我会飞，我就飞去世界各地旅行。
”在这个句子中，“我会飞”是不可能实现的，所以使用了虚拟语气。
2. 表示愿望：我们可以使用虚拟语气来表达自己的愿望或期望。
例如：“我希望你能尽快好起来。
”在这个句子中，“能尽快好起来”表达了说话者对对方康复的希望。
3. 表示建议：通过使用虚拟语气，我们可以提出建议或建议他人采取某种行动。
例如：“如果你有空闲时间，你可以考虑参加英语培训班。
”在这个句子中，使用虚拟语气表达了对他人的建议。
4. 表示命令：某些情况下，我们可以使用虚拟语气来表示命令或要求。
例如：“我要你马上离开这里！”在这个句子中，“马上离开”是一个虚拟情况，用于强调说话者的命令或要求。
5. 表示推测：有时候，我们无法确定某种情况是否为真实情况，可以使用虚拟语气来表示猜测或推测。
例如：“他似乎生病了，也许应该去看医生。
”在这个句子中，“也许应该去看医生”表示推测或猜测未来可能发生的情况。
三、虚拟语气的注意事项1. 在形式上，谓语动词常为过去式（一般过去时、过去完成时）或动词原形（以下划线标记）。
2. 虚拟语气常与“if”引导的条件句搭配使用。
3. 可以使用连词“as if”和“as though”引导表达假设的从句。
四、几个常见的虚拟语气形式1. “If I were +名词”，用来表达现在或将来虚拟的情况。
例如：“If I were a bird,I would fly away.” (如果我是一只鸟，我会飞走。
)2. “If I had +过去分词”，用来表达对过去事实的虚拟假设。
情态动词的虚拟语气中，只有哪个可以倒装？
情态动词的虚拟语气中，只有哪个可以倒装？情态动词的虚拟语气中，只有哪个可以倒装？在有情态动词的虚拟语气条件句中，只有should可以倒装。
倒装时，把should移至句首，去掉if。
例如：If you should prepare to go there ,I should go with you.= Should you prepare to go there ，I should go with you. 如果你准备去那里的话，我就和你一块去。
若虚拟语气条件句中有动词were,should或had, 都可以把这三个词放在主语之前,去掉if,变成倒装句。
例如：If I were a bird,I would fly.=Were I a bird,I would fly.如果我是一只小鸟，我就会飞翔。
If we were confident ,we would be able to overe all difficulties.= Were we confident ,we would be able to overe all difficulties.如果我们有信心，就能够克服所有的困难。
If he should agree to go there, we would send him there.=Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。
If you had e，we wouldn't have been so busy.= Had you e yesterday, we wouldn't have been so busy.如果你昨天来的话，我们就不会那么忙了。
If I had enough time, I would go to his help.= Had I enough time, I would go to his help.如果我有足够的时间，就去帮助他。
if引导的条件问句与虚拟语气
I wish he would answer my letter.
I wish prices would come down.
I wish you would help me.
I wish you would stop asking silly questions.
4. 省略if 采用倒装语序的条件句。有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。If he had worked harder, he would have got through the exams.==>Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams.If he were to leave today, he would get there by Friday.==>Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.If I were in your place, I wouldn’t do that.==>Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that.
II: 虚拟语气在从句中用should的情况:
1. 在表示建议,要求,命令,想法的动词后的从句里, 用should + 动词原形, should 可以省略. 如 advise, agree, command, decide, demand, determine, grant, indicate, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, require, stipulate, suggest, urge, vote.常考到的是: suggest, advise, demand, require, propose, insist, order, request.
虚拟语气在 if 条件句中的用法
_______five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive
________it rain tomorrow, we should put off the visit to the Science Museum. A. could B. should C. would D. might
Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. "What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday?", Mother asked. "I gave it to a poor old woman," he answered. "You're a good boy," said the mother proudly. "Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?" “If she had not been the one who sold the candy, I would not have given her my money and I would not be so interested in her.” he answered. What can we know from this passage? A. Robert paid the old woman for the candy. B. Robert was a good boy. C. The old woman gave Robert the candy for free. D. The old woman didn’t sell the candy.
虚拟语气公式一览表
将来
S 主+V 主+O 主
从句形式 S 从+were/V-ed S 从+had done S 从+were/V-ed S 从+had done S 从+should+do
S 从+should+do
五．虚拟语气其他类型 1. It is time…型
类型
It is time that It is high time that It is about time that
虚拟语气用于非真实性条件句知识总结
一 虚拟条件句在主从复合句谓语动词的对应关系
时间
If 条件从句
主句
与现在事实相反 If+ S 从+V-ed/were
S 主 + would/could/should/might+V 原形
与过去事实相反 If+ S 从+ had done
S 主 + would/could/should//might+have done
1
四 虚拟条件句在状语从句的对相应关系
类型 让步
方式
目的
连接词 even if even though as if as though
lest in case for fear that
时间 现在、将来
过去 现在 过去 将来
主句形式 S 主+should+do S 主+should+have done
时间 现在 过去 将来
注意事项
should 可以省略,但不能用 would
主句形式
S 主+ wish+that
if条件句的虚拟语气与倒装句
虚拟语气与倒装句(教师版)什么就是虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)?If I were you, I would not do like this、要我就是您,我就不会这样做I wish I became a millionaire、要就是我就是个百万富翁多好啊口头解释上面两个例句后引出虚拟语气的概念表示说的话不就是真实发生,只就是一种假设,主观愿望,猜测,建议等非真实的情况。
今天主要讲在条件句中虚拟语气的使用情况Q: 那就是不就是所有的条件句都用虚拟语气？这里可以提问同学,进行互动后给出正确答案一.分类1、真实条件句,表示的假设就是有可能发生的,此时主句不用虚拟语气。
e、g、If I have time, I will do the homework、(口头解释分析这个句子)2、虚拟条件句,表示的就是一种假象,与事实相反或不太可能会发生,那就要用虚拟语气e、g、If I were you, I would do the homework、(口头解释分析这个句子)二.用法总结:从句都往过去推一个时态。
与现在相反--过去, 与过去相反--过去的过去(过去完成),与将来相反--过去三.重点解析1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后;would 表示结果还表示过去常常做某事,might表示可能性,could表示能力、允许或可能性。
比较: ①If you tried again,you would succeed、要就是您再试一试,您就会成功的。
(would表结果)②If you tried again, you might succeed、要就是您再试一试,您可能会成功的。
(might表可能)③If you tried again ,you could succeed、要就是您再试一试,您就能成功了。
(could表能力)2.错综时间虚拟条件句:即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的就是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调整If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now、要就是昨晚下过雨的话,现在地面就会就是湿的。
if+条件从句虚拟语气讲义
If 条件从句（虚拟语气）If 条件句可分为真实条件句和非真实条件句。
一．真实条件句：用于假设可能发生但不确定的事情。
If you don’t hurry, you will be late for school. (假设可能发生的情况)If he comes here, I will go shopping with him. (假设可能发生的情况)二．非真实条件句：用于假设不太可能发生或与事实相反的事，须用虚拟语气。
(虚拟条件句，谓语永远是过去)If I were you, I would tell him the truth.(事实是我不可能是你)If we never slept, we all would get better grades.(事实是我们不可能不睡觉)从句通常分为三种情况：与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实相反。
1.与现在事实相反；从句：if+主语+did. (be动词都用were)主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do. （我是迈克）If I were rich, I shall/would not work. (事实是我现在没钱)If he had time, he would/might help you.If you knew the truth, could you tell me?If I were the principal, I would plant more trees in our school.If he were here, everyone would be all right.If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.2.与过去事实相反；从句：if+主语+had+done.主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+done. （我是迈克）If the police had caught the thieves, they would have put them in prison.If you had work harder, you might have succeeded.If I had got earlier, I would not have been late for school.If it had not been for your help yesterday, I could not have caught the bus.If the weather had been nice yesterday, we would have gone for a picnic.3.与将来事实相反；从句：①if+主语+should+do.②if+主语+did. (be动词都用were)③if+主语+were to do.主句：主语+should/would/could/might+be/do. （我是迈克）If he should go to the university, he would be very proud.If it were to snow tomorrow, we would make snowmen.If we had less homework than usual, we would play games.If he succeeded/should succeed/were to succeed, everything would be all right.If you should fail, what would you do?三．省略if的虚拟语气（倒装句）如果if从句中含有were/had/should (我很帅)，则可以把if 省略，把这三个词放置句首形成倒装句。
虚拟语气倒装
虚拟语气倒装当虚拟条件句中含有were, had, should, could等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将had, should，could等词移至句首：1) If he should fail，he would kill himself.T Should he fail , he would kill himself.万一失败，他就会自杀。
2) If I were you , I would do it at once.T Were I you , I would do it at once.假若我是你，我就会马上做。
3) If I could do it , I would.T Could I do it , I would.要是我能做此事，我一定会做。
4) If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.T Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。
再看一些例句：1) Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help us.他们现在在的话，就会帮助我们了。
2) Had you come earlier, you would have met him.=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.你来得早一点，就碰到他了。
3) Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。
4) Were I (= If I were ) in your place , I wouldn 'do it.5) Had you (= If you had ) seen it, you would have believed .6) Were they to get married ( = If they were to get married ), the would not be happy .7) Should he come, tell him to ring me up.他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。
if条件状语从句中虚拟语气
if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句;只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气;通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气;1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态;即：在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”;也就是：①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示;②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示;③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示;主句中则用情态动词would,should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式;例：⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.2、注意事项：①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序;②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were;二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法：1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境;而事实上得到了你们的帮助the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好,我去那儿;事实天气不好I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话,我再读一遍;事实上我不是你time permitted, I would write it again. 如果时间允许的话,我再写一遍;事实上时间不允许it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the house. 要是现在不下雪的话,我们就不会待在屋里;事实上现在下雪would I do if I were in your place要是我处于你地位我会怎么办事实上我不在你的位置上he hurried, he could catch the first bus. 他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车;可是他不着急8. If I were you, I should buy it. 从句用过去式动词were,主句用动词原形buy9. If I had time, I would study French. 如果有时间,我会学习法文;从句用过去式动词had,主句用动词原形study10. If she knew English, she would not ask me for help. 如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了;从句用过去式动词knew, 主句用动词原形ask 注意：如果动作在进行中,主句要用："主语+ would be + 进行式动词+ ……" 14. If they were here, he would be speaking to them now. 从句用过去式动词were, 主句用would be speaking例如:⑴、If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake.如果你听了我的劝告,就不会犯这样的错误;事实上你没有听我的劝告⑵、I shouldn’t have been able to write such good novels if I hadn’t lived among the peasants for five years.如果我不是和农民生活了五年,就不可能写出这样好的小说;事实上我和农民生活了五年⑶、If you hadn’t invited me, I shouldn’t have come to the party.如果你不邀请我,我就不会来参加你的舞会;事实上你邀请了我⑷、If I hadn’t been ill yesterday, I might have come to school.昨天要是不生病,我是可能来上学的;事实上我生病了⑸、If he hadn’t broken the law, he wouldn’t have been put in prison.如果他不违法的话,就不会被打入监狱;事实上他违法了⑹、If I had been your headmaster, I should have dismissed you from school. 我要是你们校长的话,就把你开除学籍了;事实上我不是注意：如果动作在进行中,主句要用："主语+ would + have + 完成进行式动词+……⑺、If they had been here, he would have been speaking to them.从句动词用had been, 主句动词用have been speaking⑴、I f I were to work at this problem, I would do it in another way.要是我来解这道难题,我会用另外一种方法的;⑵、I f you were to do such a thing again, you would be punished. 如果你再做这样的事情,就会受到惩罚;⑶、I f I should work harder, I could make much more progress.假如我更努力学习的话,我会取得更大的进步;事实上我不可能努力学习⑷、I f it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.如果明天下雨的话,我将待在家里;根据天气情况,明天不可能下雨⑸、I f he should come, I could ask him for some advice.万一他来了,我就能够向他请教;事实上他来的可能性很小⑹、I f he came tomorrow, I would do it with him.如果明天他来的话,我将和他一起做此事;事实上他来的可能性很小⑺、If it should rain, the crops would be saved.从句动词用should rain,主句动词用be 如果天下雨,庄稼可能就收获了;⑻、If he were here, I would give him the books.从句动词用were, 主句动词用give 如果他在这儿,我可能会把书给他;注意：如果动作在进行中,从句不是主句要用："If + 主语+ 过去进行式动词+……"⑼、If she were staying here now, I would let her ride my horse.从句动词用were staying, 主句动词用let如果她现在留在这儿,我可能会让她骑我的马;。
if引导的虚拟语气条件句
与目前事实相反，目前没有迅速
完毕
2）If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party
yesterday.假如我是你，我就去参加她昨天旳生日聚会了
（从句阐明目前，主句阐明过去）。
♦ 要根据动作发生旳时间选择恰当旳动词形式。
特例
2.省略If旳条件从句
6.If I __ in the 22nd century, I __ my vocation in a very different way. A. should live; would spend B. will live; should spend C. are living; should have spent D. will be living; would have spent 7. __ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to Mountain Tai. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
假如条件句中有were/had（助动词）/should时，可使用 倒装句构造——省略If，把were/had（助动词）/should放 句首。假如条件句是否定句时，not应置于主语后，不能 与were/had（助动词）/should等缩略成 weren’t/hadn’t/shouldn’t.
例：Had I seen him then, I would have been very happy. =If I had seen him then, I would have been very happy.
If + 主语 + had + 动词旳过去分词 主语+would(should
if 条件句虚拟语气
If条件状语从句虚拟语气三种时态1、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式，表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。
If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。
（事实上我不是你）注意：在条件从句中，如果谓语动词是be的形式，不管主语是单数还是复数，书面语中用were,而口语中如果是单数，也可以用was,不过在if I were...中一般用were.2、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式，主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。
If it had not been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助，我不会赶上公交车。
（事实是你昨天已经帮助了我，所以我赶上了车)3、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中，谓语动词可用should do,were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示，但意义略有不同。
should表示的可能性最大，动词过去式的可能性次之，were to do 的可能性最小。
If things were to be twice，all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次，人人皆可成为聪明人。
（事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)注意：在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had 或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。
2023届高考英语语法知识整理复习讲义(虚拟语气+倒装句)
高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+ had + done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她（事实：去晚了）。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
（事实：不可能来）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。
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虚拟语气与倒装句(教师版)
什么就是虚拟语气(subjunctive mood)?
If I were you, I would not do like this、要我就是您,我就不会这样做
I wish I became a millionaire、要就是我就是个百万富翁多好啊
口头解释上面两个例句后引出虚拟语气的概念
表示说的话不就是真实发生,只就是一种假设,主观愿望,猜测,建议等非真实的情况。
今天主要讲在条件句中虚拟语气的使用情况
Q: 那就是不就是所有的条件句都用虚拟语气？这里可以提问同学,进行互动后给出正确答案
一.分类
1、真实条件句,表示的假设就是有可能发生的,此时主句不用虚拟语气。
e、g、If I have time, I will do the homework、(口头解释分析这个句子)
2、虚拟条件句,表示的就是一种假象,与事实相反或不太可能会发生,那就要用虚拟语气
e、g、If I were you, I would do the homework、(口头解释分析这个句子)
二.用法
时态类型主句从句例句
与现在事实相反主语+would/should/could/
might+ do
If+主语+did
(be动词用were)
1.If I were you, I should work hard、
2.The bedroom would be so
clean if I had time、
与过去事实相反主语+would/should/could/
might + have done
If+主语+had
done
1.If I had finished my homework,
I would have passed that test、
2、If I had left a little earlier, I would
have caught the train、
与将来事实相反主语+would/should/could/
might + do
①If+主语+did
(可能性一般)
1、If you came tomorrow, we would h
ave the meeting、①
②if+主语+shou ld +do(可能性最大)
③If+主语+were to + do(可能性最小) 2、If it were to rain tomorrow, the m eeting would be put off、③
总结:从句都往过去推一个时态。
与现在相反--过去, 与过去相反--过去的过去(过去完成),与将来相反--过去
三.重点解析
1、l would/should/could/might主句谓语中的should主要用于第一人称后;would
表示结果还表示过去常常做某事,might表示可能性,could表示能力、允许或可能性。
比较: ①If you tried again,you would succeed、
要就是您再试一试,您就会成功的。
(would表结果)
②If you tried again, you might succeed、
要就是您再试一试,您可能会成功的。
(might表可能)
③If you tried again ,you could succeed、
要就是您再试一试,您就能成功了。
(could表能力)
2.错综时间虚拟条件句:即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主句即指的就
是现在或将来,此时应根据具体的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类型对时态作相应的调
整
If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now、
要就是昨晚下过雨的话,现在地面就会就是湿的。
If he were free today, we would sent him to Beijing、
如果她今天有空的话,我们就已经派她去北京。
3.If虚拟条件句的倒装形式:即把were, had, should置于句首,if可省略;。
e、g、Were I in school again (= If I were in school again), I would work harder、
如果我能再上一次学,我会学习得更努力。
Had you asked me, I would have told you、(=If you had asked me,…)
如果您问我,我会告诉您。
四.巩固检测
1.If I were you, I would take an umbrella (如果我就是您,我会带把伞)
2.If I had gotten there earlier, I should/could met her、(如果我早点到,我就会见到她)
3.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating、(如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了)
4.If it should snow tomorrow ,I would make a snowman 、把这个句子改成if条件句虚拟语气倒装句
Should it snow tomorrow,I would make a snowman、。