数学词汇手册
数学词汇手册
同义近义类：affection=adoration=fondness bankrupt=dissolutionbeauty=aestheticscatalyst=precipitate commonplace=conventionality convoluted=complicated counter=defiance against creative=innovative=originality cult=rivetingdecimate=kill a lot disinterested=detachment disjunction=conflict dominate=conquerenhance=increase extravagant=profligacyfree=licensegullibility=credulous hierarchy=caste system hieroglyph=decipher independent=autonomous ignore=condescension idealism=utopian insignificant=irrelevant insignificant=overlookedintricate=complicatedmartinet=strictmutability=changeobjectivity=disinterested=neutrality perfumed=scentrecord=documentationregret=contritionregression=degenerationrumor=credulitysimplicity=homogeneity simultaneously=coincidentally unique=distinctiveuse=availableveil insult=innuendo反义对立类：active<>dormantadoration<>condescension adulation<>antipathycandid<>insincerecapricious<>relating tochange<>preservecomplexity<>simplicity consensus<>divergentcontrived<>spontaneous creative<>imitationcurse<>blessing detection<>indistinguishable different<>agree on disabuse<>adamant disinterested<>passionate distinct<>transitional distorting<>neutral diverse<>narrow encouraging<>unpromising enlightened<>doctrinaire flamboyant<>simple friendly<>hostilitygravity<>laughtergood<>evilidealism<>cynicism increase<>decrease independent<>amalgam indignation<>detachment influence<>independent innocence<>criminality innovative<>derivative intricate<>elementary kindliness<>savageliteral<>metaphorical melancholy<>cheerful miserliness<>frugality national<>provincial opposition<>neutrality orderliness<>chaos perennial<>ephemeral persuasion<>coercion precursor<>present-day random<>ordered reappear<>abeyanceretire from<>return to security<>vulnerability simple<>intricate simplemindedness<>cunning skeptical<>doctrinaire solitary<>dependent sumptuous<>sobriety support<>resistance technical<>hobbyist tranquil<>agitated transcendental<>practice unchanging<>transitory virtue<>corruptionvirtually all<>pervasivevitriolic<>civility。
数学常用英语词汇
一、基本图形三角形：triangle 矩形：rectangle 正方形：square 平行四边形：parallelogram 梯形：tapezoid 菱形：rhombus 圆：circle 四边形：quadrilateral 二、基本立体图形正方体：cube 长方体：rectangular prism 圆柱体：right circular cyclinder圆锥体：rightcircular cone球体：sphere三、基本计算量长度：length 面积：area 体积（容积）：volume 周长：perimeter 表面积：surfacearea 底面积：base area 四、有关集合 union 并集 proper subset 真子集 solution set 解集五、有关数论 natural number 自然数 positive number 正数 negative number 负数oddinteger ，oddnumber 奇数 eveninteger ，evennumber 偶数 integer ，whole number 整数positive whole number 正整数negative whole number 负整数consecutive number 连续整数 real number ，r ational number 实数，有理数irrational （ number ）无理数 inverse 倒数 composite number 合数 eg. 4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15 …… prime number 质数 eg.2,3,5,7,11,13,15 …… reciprocal 倒数commondivisor 公约数 multiple 倍数（last ）commonmultiple （最小）公约数（prime ）factor （质）因子 ordinary csale ，decimal scale 十进制 nonnegative 非负的tens 十位 units 个位 mode 众数 median 中数commonratio 公比六、数列 arithmetic progression （sequence ）等差数列 geometric progression （sequence ）等比数列七、其它 approximate 近似（ anti ）clockwise （逆）顺时针方向 cardinal 基数ordinal 序数 directproportion 正比 distinct 不同的estimation 估计，近似parentheses 括号 proportion 比例 combination 组合 table 表格 trigonometric function三角函数unit单位，位八、其它几何1、所有的角alternate angle内错角 corresponding angle 同位角vertical angle 对顶角 central angle 圆心角interior angle 内角exterior angle 外角 supplement aryangles 补角 complement aryangle 余角 adjacent angle 邻角 acute angle 锐角 obtuse angle 钝角 rightangle 直角 round angle 周角 straight angle 平角 included angle 夹角 2、所有的三角形 equilateral triangle 等边三角形 scalene triangle 不等边三角形 isosceles triangle 等腰三角形 right triangle 直角三角形 oblique 斜三角形 inscribed triangle 内接三角形 3 、有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle 半圆concentric circles 同心圆 quadrilateral 四边形 pentagon 五边形 hexagon 六边形heptagon 七边形 octagon 八边形 nonagon 九边形 decagon 十边形 polygon 多边形 parallelogram 平行四边形 equilateral 等边形 plane 平面 square 正方形，平方 rectangle 长方形 regular polygon 正多边形 rhombus 菱形trapezoid 梯形 4、其它平面图形 arc 弧 line ，straight line 直线 line segment 线段 parallel lines 平行线 segment of a circle 弧形 5、有关立体图形 cube 立方体，立方数 rectangular solid 长方体 regular solid / regular polyhedron 正多面体circular cylinder 圆柱体 cone 圆锥sphere 球体 solid 立体的 6、有关图形上的附属物altitude 高depth 深度side 边长 circumference ，p erimeter 周长radian 弧度 surface area 表面积 volume 体积 arm 直角三角形的股 cros section 横截面center of a circle 圆心 chord 弦 radius 半径 angle bisector 角平分器diagonal 对角线 diameter 直径 edge 棱 face of a solid 立体的面 hypotenuse 斜边included side 夹边 leg 三角形的直角边 median of a triangle 三角形的中线base 底边，底数(e.g.2 的 5 次方,2 就是底数) opposite 直角三角形中的对边 midpoint 中点endpoint 端点 vertex （复数形式vertices ）顶点tangent 切线的transversal 截线 intercept 截距 7 、有关坐标 coordinate system 坐标系 rectangular coordinate 直角坐标系 origin 原点 abscissa 横坐标 ordinate 纵坐标 number line 数轴quadrant 象限 slope 斜率 complex plane 复平面 8、其它 plane geometry 平面几何trigonometry 三角学 bisect 平分 circumscribe 外切 inscribe 内切intersect 相交 perpendicular 垂直 pythagorean theorem 勾股定理 congruent 全等的 multilateral 多边的基本数学词汇：加：plus / and / positive 减：minus / negative / subtract 差：difference 乘：multiplied by / times 乘方:power 积：product 除：divided by divisible 可被整除的dividedevenly 被整除 dividend 被除数商：quotient 余数： remainder 阶乘：factorial等于：equal不等于：not equal to大于：greater than小于:less than大于等于：equal or greater than 小于等于：equal or less than 约等于：approximate equal round to / to the nearest 四舍五入因为：because 所以：therefore 开平方：square root of 开立方：cube root of radical sign ，root sign 根号绝对值：the absolute value函数：function图形：figure角：angle直角：right angle锐角：acute angle对折：fold分数：fractionX-轴：X-axesY-轴：Y-axes其它sequence次序geometric 几何的 integer 整数 ratio 比例英语奥数题1、Didyouknow?Inthe decimal number system(base10)tendifferentdigits,0to9,are usedtowrite all the numbers.Inthe binary number system(base2)twodifferent digits are used,i.e.0and1.Whichone of the followingnumbers isnot a valid number inthe octal number system(base8)?A)128B)127C)126D)125E)1242、T he number of diagonals thatcanbe drawnina regular polygonwith twenty sides (cosign) is_____.3、If a and b are integers, 10@3=1,152@7=3 and then 379@6 is equalto_____.4、Two numbers are inthe ratio2:3.When4is added to eachnumber theratio changes to 5 : 7.The sum of the two original numbers is____.5、The greatest number of Mondays whichcanoccur in45consecutive daysis____ 6、Saul plays a video game in which he scores 4 for a hit and lost 6 for a miss. After 20 rounds his score is 30. The number of times he has missed is____.7、ThreegirlsA,B andC runina100mrace.WhenA finishes,B is10mbehindA andwhenB finishesC is 20 mbehindB. How far inmetres was C fromA whenA finished?(Let ’s assume all the athletes run at a constant speed)8、 The areas of the faces of a rectangulabox are 84 cm2 , 70 cm2and 30 cm2.The volume of the box in cm3 is____.9、Y ouhave3weights:1kg,3kgand9kgas well as anequal armbalance,asshown. How many different weight objects can you weigh with these three? [Remember the weights may be placed on either side]参考答案：1、A 考察我们学过的简单的进制问题，显然8 进制中没有 8 出现2、 170 找规律，公式为n×（n-3 ）÷23、1 定义新运算，就是求379÷6的余数。
数学单词汇总大全
数学单词汇总大全一、基础运算相关。
1. add [æd] - v.（动词）- 含义：加，增加。
例如：Add 2 and 3.（把2和3相加。
）2. subtract [səbˈtrækt] - v.- 含义：减，减去。
例如：Subtract 5 from 8.（从8中减去5。
）3. multiply [ˈmʌltɪplaɪ] - v.- 含义：乘，乘以。
例如：Multiply 4 by 3.（用4乘以3。
）4. divide [dɪˈvaɪd] - v.- 含义：除，除以。
例如：Divide 10 by 2.（把10除以2。
）5. sum [sʌm] - n.（名词）- 含义：总和，总数。
例如：The sum of 1, 2 and 3 is 6.（1、2和3的总和是6。
）6. difference [ˈdɪfrəns] - n.- 含义：差，差额。
例如：The difference between 5 and 3 is 2.（5和3之间的差是2。
）7. product [ˈprɒdʌkt] - n.- 含义：积，乘积。
例如：The product of 2 and 3 is 6.（2和3的乘积是6。
）8. quotient [ˈkwəʊʃnt] - n.- 含义：商。
例如：When 6 is divided by 2, the quotient is 3.（当6被2除时，商是3。
）二、数字相关。
1. number [ˈnʌmbə(r)] - n.- 含义：数，数字。
例如：Write down a number.（写下一个数字。
）2. integer [ˈɪntɪdʒə(r)] - n.- 含义：整数。
例如：1, - 2, 0 are all integers.（1、 - 2、0都是整数。
）3. fraction [ˈfrækʃn] - n.- 含义：分数。
例如：1/2 is a fraction.（1/2是一个分数。
数学专业词汇
Lesson 1Mathematics as a Language of Science assert vt. 断言；坚持主张；维护表明qualitative adj. 性质的；定性的 quantitative adj. 量的；数量的；定量的；与数量有关的 astronomy n. 天文学 postulate n. 假定, 基本条件, 基本原理 vt. 要求, 假定 vi.要求 hypothetical adj. 假设的, 假定的,爱猜想的Lesson 2 deduction n. 减除, 扣除, 减除额, 推论, 演绎 induction n. 归纳；归纳法；归纳所得之结论 verification n. 验证；证实 correlate vt. 使相互关联 vi. 和...相关discard vt. 丢弃, 抛弃 v. 放弃 discredit n. 不信任；失信 consistent adj. 一致的, 调和的, 坚固的, [数、统]相容的 inadequacy n. 不充分 ,不适当,不适合,不足额 conic, conical adj 圆锥的；圆锥形的 ellipse n. 椭圆, 椭圆形 ellipt (n.) hyperbolic adj.双曲线的 hyperbola (n.) parabolic adj. 用寓言表达的: 抛物线的，像抛物线的parabola (n.) algebraic adj. 代数的, 关于代数学的 mineralogy n. 矿物学 refraction n. 折光, 折射 stimulus n. 刺激物, 促进因素, 刺激, 刺激 impetus n. 冲力推动力；刺激 Lesson 3 Axioms, definitions and Theorems axiom n. [数]公理 definition n. 阐明；确定定义；界说 extravagant adj. 奢侈的, 浪费的, 过分的, 放纵的 collinear adj. 在同一直线上的, 同线的 convex adj. 凸出的；凸面的 segment n. 部分；片段；节, 弓形；圆缺；弧形, 线段 conswquently adv. 从而, 因此 in terms of adv. 根据, 按照, 用...的话, 在...方面 pretense n. 主张, 要求, 伪称, 借口, 自称 Lesson 4 Geometry and Geometrical terms term n. 学期, 期限, 期间, 条款, 条件, 术语 triangle n. [数]三角形, 三人一组, 三角关系 parallelogram n. 平行四边形 straight angle n. [数]平角right angle n. 直角 acute angle n. 锐角 obtuse angle n. 钝角 reflex angle n. 优角 rectilinear adj 直线的；由直线组成的；循直线进行的 isosceles triangle n. 等腰三角形 equilateral triangle n. 等边三角形 right triangle n. 直角三角形 obtuse triangle n. 钝角三角形 acute triangle n. 锐角三角形 equiangular triangle n. 正三角形,等角三角形 hypotenuse n. （直角三角形的）斜边 circle 圆 center 中心；中央；圆心 diameter n. 直径 radius n. 半径, 范围, 辐射光线, 有效航程, 范围, 界限circumference n. 圆周, 周围 Lesson 5 The Method of Limits limit n. 限度,极限,极点 infinite adj. 无限的；无穷的 infinitesimal adj. 无穷小的, 极小的, 无限小的calculus n. 微积分学, 结石 exemplify vt. 例证, 例示, 作为...例子 inscribe v. 记下 polygon n. [数]多角形, 多边形 diminish v. (使)减少, (使)变小 curvilinear adj 曲线的, 由曲线组成的 intuition n. 直觉, 直觉的知识 integral n. [数学] 积分, 完整, 部分 defective adj. 有缺陷的, (智商或行为有)欠缺的 differential coefficient 微分系数 arithmetical adj. 算术的, 算术上的 convergence n. 集中, 收敛 criterion n. (批评判断的)标准, 准据, 规范 sequence n. 次序, 顺序, 序列 irrational numbers n.[数]无理数 domain ，定义域 contradiction 矛盾 reversal n. 颠倒, 反转, 反向, 逆转, 撤销 Lesson 6 Function continuous variable 连续变量;［连续变数］ variation 变分, 变化 interval 区间 independent variable 自变量 dependent variable 应变量rectangular coordinate 直角坐标 abscissa n. 〈数〉横坐标 ordinate n. [数]纵线, 纵座标 gradient adj. 倾斜的 n. 梯度, 倾斜度, 坡度 slope n. 斜坡, 斜面, 倾斜 v. (使)顺斜 Lesson 7 Differential and Integral calculus differential adj. 微分的 n. 微分 (differentiation) Integral n. [数学] 积分, 完整, 部分 (integration) calculus n. 微积分学, 结石 interrelation n. 相互关系 trigonometry n. 三角法 exponential adj. 指数的, 幂数的 logarithm n. [数] 对数 derivative n. 导数；微商 tangent n. 切线, [数]正切 counterclockwise adj. 反时针方向的 adv. 反时针方向 (clockwise) definite integral 定积分 approximation n. 接近, 走近, [数]近似值 culminate v. 达到顶点mean n. 平均数, 中间, 中庸 differential equation 微分方程 extreme value n. 极值multiple integral 多重积分 double integral line integral functional analysis 泛函分析 Lesson 8 The Concept of Cardinal Number (I) cardinal number n. 基数（如：1, 2, 3, ... 有别于序数） denumerable adj. 可数的 aggregate n. 合计, 总计, 集合体 adj. 合计的, 集合的, 聚合的 v. 聚集, 集合, 合计 purport n. 主旨 v. 声称fancier n. 空想家, 培育动物(或植物)的行家, 爱好者 sniff v. 用力吸, 嗅, 闻到, 发觉, 轻视, 用力吸气 n. 吸, 闻, 吸气声, 嗤之以鼻 scheme n. 安排, 配置, 计划, 阴谋, 方案, 图解, 摘要 v. 计划, 设计, 图谋, 策划, * n.（计算数学）方法，格式 superior n. 长者, 高手, 上级 adj. 较高的, 上级的, 上好的, 出众的, 高傲的 cumbersome adj.讨厌的, 麻烦的, 笨重的 instruction n. 指示, 用法说明(书), 教育, 指导, 指令drastically adv. 激烈地, 彻底地 conservation 守衡律 quadrature n. 求积, 求积分interpolation n. 插值 extrapolation n. [数]外推法, 推断 internal point 内点identical adj. 同一的, 同样的 generalized solution 广义解 functional 泛函hydrodynamics 流体力学，水动力学 divergence 发散（性），梯度，发散量 play an important (fundamental ... ) role 起着重要的（...）作用 integro-interpolation method 积分插值法 Variational method 变分方法 comparatively adv. 比较地, 相当地deficiency n. 缺乏, 不足 fictive adj. 虚构的, 想象上的, 虚伪的 self-adjoint (nonself-adjoint) 自治的，自伴的，自共轭的 finite element method 有限元法 spline approximation 样条逼近 Particles-in-the-Cell 网格质点法 herald n. 使者, 传令官, 通报者, 先驱, 预兆 vt. 预报, 宣布, 传达, 欢呼 advection n. 水平对流phenomenological adj. 现象学的, 现象的 fluctuation n. 波动, 起伏 optimism n. 乐观, 乐观主义 pessimism n. 悲观, 悲观主义 unjustified adj 未被证明其正确的mean-square 均方 dispersion n. [数] 离差, 差量 Polynomial n adj. [数]多项式的interpolation 插值 arithmetic n. 算术, 算法 rounding errors 舍入误差 multiple n. 倍数, 若干 subjective adj. 主观的, 个人的 objective adj. 客观的, outcome n. 结果,成果 pattern n. 样品 toss v. 投, 掷 exhaust vt. 用尽, 耗尽, 抽完, 使精疲力尽divisible adj. 可分的 dice, die n. 骰子 assign vt. 分配, 指派 attach vt. 缚上, 系上, 贴上 v. 配属, 隶属于 pitfall n. 缺陷 chairperson 主席 mechanics n. (用作单数)机械学、力学, (用作复数)技巧, 结构 statics n. [物]静力学 dynamics n. 动力学adequately adv. 充分地 celestial adj. 天上的 macroscopic adj. 肉眼可见的, 巨观的classical field theory 经典场理论 rigit adj. 刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的 elastic adj.弹性的 plastic n. 可塑的,塑性的,塑料的 quantum n. 量, 额, [物] 量子, 量子论inception n. 起初, 获得学位 pertain v. 适合, 属于 gravitation n. 地心吸力, 引力作用 tide n. 潮, 潮汐, 潮流, 趋势 monumental adj. 纪念碑的, 纪念物的, 不朽的, 非常的 encompass v. 包围, 环绕, 包含或包括某事物 ingredient n. 成分, 因素acquainted adj. 有知识的, 知晓的 synonymous adj. 同义的 configuration n. 构造, 结构, 配置, 外形 reference n. 提及, 涉及, 参考, 参考书目 inertia n. 惯性, 惯量attribute 特性 momentum n. 动量 proportional adj. 比例的, 成比例的, 相称的, 均衡的 designate 指明 negligible adj. 可以忽略的, 不予重视的 projectile n. 射弹 adj. 发射的 ballistics n. 弹道学, 发射学 intractable adj. 难处理的 {Mechanics of a Particle in consequence of adv. 由于的...缘故 exert vt. 尽(力), 施加(压力等), 努力 v. 发挥, 竭尽全力, 尽 galaxy n. 星系, 银河, 一群显赫的人, 一系列光彩夺目的东furnish vt. 供应, 提供, 装备, 布置 v. 供给 torque n. 扭矩, 转矩 moment 力矩的friction 摩擦 dissipation n. 消散, 分散, 挥霍, 浪费, 消遣, 放荡, 狂饮 infer v.推断Hooke s Law and Its Consequences elasticity n. 弹力, 弹性 constitutive adj. 构成的, 制定的 atomistic adj. 原子论的 crack n. 裂缝, 噼啪声 v. (使)破裂, 裂纹, (使)爆裂 continuum mechanics n. 连续介质力学 superposition n. 重叠, 重合, 叠合strain n. 过度的疲劳, 紧张, 张力, 应变 vt. 扭伤, 损伤 v. 拉紧, 扯紧, (使)紧张, 尽力 thermodynamics n. [物] 热力学 reckon vt. 计算, 总计, 估计, 猜想 vi. 数, 计算, 估计, 依赖, 料想 lesson 20 strength 强度 load 载荷 empirical 以经验为依据的member 构件 isolated 孤立的 segment 部分、段、节 stress 应力 strain 应变 tension 拉伸 shear 剪切 bend 弯曲 torsion 扭转、扭力 insofar 在……范围 cohesive 内聚性的 tensile 拉力、张力 stiffness 硬度 furnish 供给 Lesson 23 Fluid Mechanics eruption 喷发、爆发 turbulent 湍流 laminar 层流 isothermal 等温 isotropic 各向同性 prevalent 普遍的、流行的 tornado 旋风、飓风 eddy 旋涡 viscosity 粘性、粘度nonviscous 无粘性的 rotation 旋转 adiabatic 绝热的 reversible 可逆的 isentropic 等熵的 instant 瞬时的 streamline 流线 stream tube 流管 tangential 切线的incompressible 不可压缩的 resultant 合成的,组合的 downstream 下游的,顺流的elbow 弯管,肘 similitude 相似性 hydraulic 水力的,水力学的 predominante 占主导地位 spillway (河或水坝的)放水道,泄洪道 prototype 原型,样板 Lesson 24 Mechanical Vibration repetitive 重复的,反复的 periodic 周期的,定期的 tidal 潮的,像潮的stationary 固定的,不动的 vibratory 振动的,摆动的 propagation 传播 couple v .连接,连合 acoustic 听觉的,声学的 annoyance 烦恼,困惑 adjacent 接近的,邻近的 damp 阻尼,衰减 restore 复职,归还 neutral 平衡 exciting force 激励力 resonant adj. 共振的,谐振的 stiffness 刚度,刚性 proportionality 成比例地 inclusion 包含,包括magnitude 数值,大小 substantially adv. 实质上的 perturb 干扰,扰乱 resonance n. 共振 vibratory adj. 振动的, 可知的 perceptible 可见的,可知的 adudible 听得见的,可闻的 foregoing 前述的 impulsive 冲击的 shock 冲击 Fourier series 傅里叶级数excitation 激发,激励 discrete 分离,离散的 contend with 向…作斗争 compressor 压气机 fatigue 疲劳 perceptible 可见的,可知觉的 shredder 切菜器 disposal 处理urban 都市的 metropolitan 大都市的 at-grade 在同一水平面上 elevated 高架的guideway 导轨 Lesson 25 A prefect to the Continuum Mechanics preface 序言 continuum 连续 pl. continuua rigid body 刚体 contemporary 当代的,同时期的 widespread 分布广的, 普及的 accommodate 容纳,使适应 medium 介质 plasticity 塑性 residual 剩余的,残留的 creep 蠕变,爬行,塑性变形 aging 老化 polymeric聚合(物)的 sandy 沙的,沙质的 aubterranean 地下的,隐藏的 essence 精髓,本质 thermodynamics 热力学self-similar 自相似 expedient 方便的 sonsolidate 把…联合为一体,统一 justify 证明…有理 radically 根本地,本质上 deliberate 从容不迫的,深思熟虑 Lesson 33 what is a computer Attribute v. 赋予 medieval 中世纪的 astronomer 天文学家 Mars 火星resemble vt. 像,相似 tedious adj. 冗长乏味的 pulp 浆状物,果肉 filter vt.过滤underlying adj. 潜在的, 基本的 ore n. 矿沙,矿石 perceive v. 察觉,看见intervention n. 干涉,插入 intelligent adj. 有智力的,聪明的 Lesson 34 A computer system manipulate vt. 操纵,使用 chip n. 芯片 etch vt. 蚀刻,蚀镂 fingernail 指甲mount vt. 安装,安置 assemble vt. 集合,聚集 cabinet 橱柜 execute vt. 执行,实现paycheck n.支付薪金的支票 bar chart 直方图 joystick 游戏杆 encounter vt. 遇到,遇上Mathematical Modeling industry n. 工业, 产业, 行业, 勤奋 commerce n. 商业complexity n. 复杂(性), 复杂的事物, 复杂性 career n. (原意:道路, 轨道)事业, 生涯, 速度 outset n. 开端, 开始 essence n. 基本, [哲]本质, 香精 advocation n.(=advocacy)拥护支持 provision n. 供应, (一批)供应品, 预备, 防备, 规定 publicize v. 宣扬 roundabout adj. 迂回的, 转弯抹角的 n. 道路交叉处的环形路, 迂回路线, 兜圈子的话 trial-error vt. n. 试制, 试生产 maneuverability n. 可操作性, 机动性vehicle n. 交通工具, 车辆, 媒介物, 传达手段 junction n. 连接, 接合, 交叉点, 汇合处 ponder v. 沉思, 考虑 contrive v. 发明, 设计, 图谋 snooker n. (=snooker pool)彩色台球, 桌球 context n. 上下文, 文章的前后关系 deviation n. 背离。
初中数学课程标准五级词汇表
初中数学课程标准五级词汇表一、基本词汇1. 数学：studies of quantity,structure and patterns2. 数学家：a person who studies or is an expert in mathematics3. 数：a quantity obtained by the addition or multiplication of numbers4. 数轴：a number line that shows any real number5. 整数：a positive or negative number that doesn't have any fractions6. 分数：a number that represents a part of a whole or a group7. 小数：a number that is not a whole number and is expressed with a decimal point8. 百分数：a number that is expressed as a fraction of one hundred9. 算式：a mathematical statement that shows two expressions are equal10. 方程：a statement that shows the equality of two expressions11. 科学计数法：a standard way of writing numbers using powers of 1012. 代数：a branch of mathematics that deals with symbols and the rules for manipulating these symbols13. 代数式：a mathematical statement that consists of variables, numbers and operations14. 几何：a branch of mathematics that deals with the study of shapes, sizes, relative positions of objects and properties of space15. 图形：a geometric shape or any design or diagram that represents a mathematical concept16. 三角形：a polygon that has three sides and three angles17. 直角三角形：a triangle that has one angle that measures 90 degrees18. 直线：a line that extends in both directions without ending and has no thickness19. 射线：a line that has one endpoint and extends infinitely in one direction20. 线段：a line that has two endpoints and a definite length21. 圆：a shape with no corners or edges, every point on its boundary is at an equal distance from its centre22. 梯形：a shape that has two parallel sides and two non-parallel sides23. 面积：the amount of space inside a two-dimensional figure24. 周长：the total distance around the edge of a two-dimensional figure25. 体积：the amount of space occupied by a three-dimensional figure26. 单位：a fixed quantity used as a standard of measurement28. 百分比：a ratio expressed as a fraction of one hundred29. 平均数：the sum of a set of numbers divided by the total number of values30. 中位数：the middle number in a set of values when they are arranged in order31. 众数：the value that appears most frequently in a set of values二、拓展词汇1. 矩形：a shape that has four sides with opposite sides being equal and parallel and all angles being right angles.3. 立方体：a solid object where all six faces are squares of the same size, and the length, width, and height are equal.4. 平行四边形：a quadrilateral in which opposite sides are parallel and congruent.5. 正方形：a square with all four sides of equal length.6. 锐角三角形：a triangle whose all three angles are less than 90 degrees.7. 钝角三角形：a triangle whose one angle is greater than 90 degrees.8. 圆锥：a three-dimensional figure with a circular base and a vertex point above the base where all other points are equidistant from the center of the base.9. 圆柱：a three-dimensional figure with a circular base and a pair of parallel lines extending from the base to the top.10. 抛物线：a U-shaped curve that appears in graph form when plotted.11. 正弦：the ratio of the opposite side of an angle to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.12. 余弦：the ratio of the adjacent side of an angle to the hypotenuse in a right-angled triangle.13. 切线：a straight line that touches a curve at a single point and continues in a different direction.14. 弧：a smooth, curved line on the edge of a circle.15. 弦：a straight line that connects two points on a circle.16. 径：the distance from the center of a circle to any point on the circle.。
数学部分词汇
数学部分词汇1、有关基本运算：add，plus加subtract减difference差multiply,times乘product积divide除divisible可被整除的dividedevenly被整除dividend被除数divisor因子，除数quotient商remainder余数factorial阶乘power乘方radicalsign,rootsign根号roundto四舍五入tothenearest四舍五入2.有关集合union并集proper subset真子集solution set解集3.有关代数式、方程和不等式algebraic term代数项like terms,similar terms同类项numerical coefficient数字系数literal coefficient字母系数inequality不等式triangle inequality三角不等式range值域original equation原方程equivalent equation同解方程等价方程linear equation线性方程4.有关分数和小数proper fraction真分数improper fraction假分数mixed number带分数vulgar fraction，common fraction普通分数simple fraction简分数complex fraction繁分数numerator分子denominator分母(least)common denominator(最小)公分母quarter四分之一decimal fraction纯小数infinite decimal无穷小数recurring decimal循环小数tenthsunit十分位5.基本数学概念arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂base乘幂的底数,底边cube立方数，立方体square root平方根cube root立方根common logarithm常用对数digit数字constant常数variable变量inversefunction反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解absolute value绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32round off四舍五入6.有关数论natural number自然数positive number正数negative number负数odd integer,odd number奇数even integer,even number偶数integer,whole number整数positive whole number正整数negative whole number负整数consecutive number连续整数rea lnumber,rational number实数,有理数irrational(number)无理数inverse倒数composite number合数e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15……prime number质数e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15……reciprocal倒数common divisor公约数multiple倍数(least)common multiple(最小)公倍数(prime)factor(质)因子common factor公因子ordinaryscale,decimalscale十进制nonnegative非负的tens十位units个位mode众数median中数common ratio公比7.数列arithmetic progression(sequence)等差数列geometric progression(sequence)等比数列8.其它approximate近似(anti)clockwise(逆)顺时针方向cardinal基数ordinal序数directproportion正比distinct不同的estimation估计，近似parentheses括号proportion比例permutation排列combination组合table表格trigonometric function三角函数unit单位,位几何部分1.所有的角alternate angle内错角corresponding angle同位角vertical angle对顶角central angle圆心角interior angle内角exterior angle外角supplement aryangles补角complement aryangle余角adjacent angle邻角acute angle锐角obtuse angle钝角right angle直角round angle周角straight angle平角included angle夹角2.所有的三角形equilateral triangle等边三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形right triangle直角三角形oblique斜三角形inscribed triangle内接三角形3.有关收敛的平面图形，除三角形外semicircle半圆concentric circles同心圆quadrilateral四边形pentagon五边形hexagon六边形heptagon七边形octagon八边形nonagon九边形decagon十边形polygon多边形parallelogram平行四边形equilateral等边形plane平面square正方形，平方rectangle长方形regular polygon正多边形rhombus菱形trapezoid梯形4.其它平面图形arc弧line,straight line直线line segment线段parallel lines平行线segment of a circle弧形5.有关立体图形cube立方体，立方数rectangular solid长方体regular solid/regular polyhedron正多面体circular cylinder圆柱体cone圆锥sphere球体solid立体的6.有关图形上的附属物altitude高depth深度side边长circumference,perimeter周长radian弧度surface area 表面积volume体积arm直角三角形的股cros ssection横截面center of acircle圆心chord弦radius半径angle bisector角平分线diagonal对角线diameter直径edge棱face of a solid立体的面hypotenuse斜边included side夹边leg三角形的直角边medianofatriangle三角形的中线base底边，底数(e.g.2的5次方，2就是底数)opposite直角三角形中的对边midpoint中点endpoint端点vertex(复数形式vertices)顶点tangent切线的transversal截线intercept截距7.有关坐标coordinate system坐标系rectangular coordinate直角坐标系origin原点abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标numberline数轴quadrant象限slope斜率complex plane复平面8.其它plane geometry平面几何trigonometry三角学bisect平分circumscribe外切inscribe内切intersect相交perpendicular垂直pythagorean theorem勾股定理congruent全等的multilateral多边的1.单位类cent美分penny一美分硬币nickel5美分硬币dime一角硬币dozen打(12个)score廿(20个)Centigrade摄氏Fahrenheit华氏quart夸脱gallon加仑(1gallon=4quart)yard码meter米micron微米inch英寸foot英尺minute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) squaremeasure平方单位制cubicmeter立方米pint品脱(干量或液量的单位)SAT Ⅱ数学词汇assume that 假设approximation 近似，近似值absolute value 绝对值acute 锐（角）alternate angles 内错角angle 角area 面积arithmetic sequence 等差数列assumption 假设asymptote 渐近线at random 随机地average 平均的axis 轴circle 圆circumference 周长clockwise 顺时针的common divisor 公约数common multiple 公倍数composite number 合数cone 圆锥congruent 全等的coordinate 坐标cube 立方体cube root 立方根cylinder 圆柱体diagonal 对角线digit 数字，位divide 除divisible 可整除的domain 定义域eccentricity 离心率elipse 椭圆equilateral 等边的even 偶的expotent 指数function 函数geometric sequence 等比数列hyperbola 双曲线infinite 无穷的integer 整数intercept 截距物理部分词汇absolute acceleration 绝对加速度absolute error 绝对误差absolute motion 绝对运动absolute temperature 绝对温度absolute velocity 绝对速度absolute zero 绝对零度absorption 吸收absorptivity 吸收率accelerated motion 加速运动acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration 加速度accidental error 偶然误差acoustics 声学acting force 作用力adjustment 调节aether 以太air pump 抽气机air table 气垫桌air track 气垫导轨alternating current circuit 交流电路alternating current generator 交流发电机alternating current 交流电altimeter 测高仪ammeter 安培计ampere meter 电流计ampere 安培Ampere's experiment 安培实验Ampere's force 安培力Ampere's law 安培定律ampere meter 安培计amplitude 振幅angle of rotation 自转角，转动角angular acceleration 角加速度angular displacement 角位移angular velocity 角速度anion 负离子anisotropy 各向异性annihilation 湮没anode 阳极antenna 天线applied physics 应用物理学Archimedes principle 阿基米德原理area 面积argumentation 论证argument 辐角atomic nucleus 原子核atomic physics 原子物理学atomic spectrum 原子光谱atomic structure 原子结构atom 原子Atwood ' s machine 阿特伍德机average power 平均功率average velocity 平均速度Avogadro constant 阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro law 阿伏加德罗定律balance 天平ballistic galvanometer 冲击电流计band spectrum 带状谱barometer 气压计basic quantity 基本量basic units 基本单位battery charger 电池充电器battery, accumulator 蓄电池battery 电池组beam 光束betatron 电子感应加速器Bohr atom model 玻尔原子模型boiling point 沸点boiling 沸腾bounce 反弹bound charge 束缚电荷bound electron 束缚电子branch circuit 支路breakdown 击穿brightness 亮度buoyancy force 浮力calorifics 热学camera 照相机capacitance 电容capacitor 电容器capillarity 毛细现象cathode ray 阴极射线cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管cathode 阴极cation 正离子cell 电池Celsius scale 摄氏温标centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质心centrifugal force 离心力centripetal acceleration 向心加速度centripetal force 向心力chain reaction 链式反应chaos 混沌characteristic spectrum 特征光谱charged body 带电体charged particle 带电粒子charge 充电circular hole diffraction 圆孔衍射circular motion 圆周运动classical mechanics 经典力学classical physics 经典物理学cloud chamber 云室coefficient of maximum static friction 最大静摩摩系数coefficient of restitution 恢复系数coefficient of sliding friction 滑动摩擦系数coefficient 系数coherent light 相干光源coil 线圈collision 碰撞component force 分力component velocity 分速度composition of forces 力的合成composition of velocities 速度的合成compression 压缩concave lens 凹透镜concave mirror 凹面镜concurrent force 共点力condensation 凝结condenser 电容器conducting medium 导电介质conductor 导体conservative force field 保守力场conservative force 保守力constant force 恒力constant 常量continuous spectrum 连续谱convergent lens 会聚透镜convex lens 凸透镜convex mirror 凸面镜coordinate system 坐标系coplanar force 共面力Corolis force 科里奥利力corpuscular property 粒子性corpuscular theory 微粒说Coulomb force 库仑力coulomb 库仑Coulomb's law 库仑定律counter 计数器creation 产生creepage 漏电crest 波峰critical angle 临界角critical resistance 临界电阻critical temperature 临界温度crystal 晶体current density 电流密度current element 电流元current source 电流源current strength 电流强度curvilinear motion 曲线运动cyclotron 回旋加速器damped vibration 阻尼振动damping 阻尼Daniel cell 丹聂耳电池data processing 数据处理data 数据decay 衰变definition of ampere 安培的定义defocusing 散集density 密度derived quantity 导出量derived unit 导出单位dielectric 电介质diffraction pattern 衍射图样diffraction 衍射diffuse reflection 漫反射digital timer 数字计时器dimensional exponent 量纲指数dimension 量纲diode 二级管diopter 屈光度direct current, DC 直流direct impact 正碰direct measurement 直接测量discharge 放电disorder 无序dispersion 色散displacement 位移divergent lens 发散透镜Doppler effect 多普勒效应double slit diffraction 双缝衍射driving force 驱动力dry cell 干电池echo 回声eddy current 涡流effective value 有效值elastic body 弹性体elastic force 弹［性］力elasticity 弹性electric charge 电荷electric circuit 电路electric corona 电晕electric energy 电能electric field 电场electric field intensity 电场强度electric field line 电场线electric flux 电通量electric leakage 漏电electric neutrality 电中性electric potential 电位，电势electric potential difference 电位差，电势差electric potential energy 电位能electric power 电功率electric quantity 电量electrification 起电electrification by friction 摩擦起电electrified body 带电体electrode 电极electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electromagnetic damping 电磁阻尼electromagnetic induction 电磁感应electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromagnetic wave spectrum 电磁波谱electromagnetism induction phenomenon 电磁感应现象electromagnet 电磁体electrometer 静电计electromotive force 电动势electron 电子electron beam 电子束electron cloud 电子云electron microscope 电子显微镜electron volt 电子伏特electroscope 验电器electrostatic equilibrium 静电平衡electrostatic induction 静电感应electrostatic screening 静电屏蔽elementary charge 基本电荷，元电荷energy 能量energy level 能级equilibrium 平衡equilibrium condition 平衡条件equilibrium of forces 力的平衡equilibrium position 平衡位置equilibrium state 平衡态equivalent source theorem 等效电源定理erect image 正像error 误差ether 以太evaporation 蒸发excitation 激发excitation state 激发态experiment 实验experimental physics 实验物理学external force 外力eyepiece 目镜far sight 远视Faraday cylinder 法拉第圆筒Faraday law of electromagnetic induction 法拉第电磁感应定律Faraday's law of electromagnetic induct 法拉第电磁感应定律farad 法拉(电容的单位)film interference 薄膜干涉final velocity 末速度first cosmic velocity 第一宇宙速度fission 裂变fixed-axis rotation 定轴转动flotation balance 浮力秤fluid 流体focal length 焦距focusing 调焦，聚焦focus 焦点force 力forced vibration 受迫振动fractal 分形free charge 自由电荷free electron 自由电子free period 自由周期freezing point 凝固点frequency 频率friction force 摩擦力fusion 聚变galvanometer 电流计gas 气体general physics 普通物理学generator 发电机good conductor 良导体gravitation 引力gravity 重力gravitational potential energy 重力势能gravity field 重力场ground earth 接地ground state 基态ground wire 地线alf life period 半衰期heat transfer 传热hertz 赫兹(频率的单位)Hooke law 胡克定律humidity 湿度hydrogen 氢原子hypothesis 假设ice point 冰点ideal gas 理想气体image 像image distance 像距image height 像高imaging 成像imperfect inelastic collision 非完全弹性碰撞impulse 冲量incident angle 入射角incident ray 入射线indirect measurement 间接测量induced electric current 感应电流induced electric field 感应电场induction current 感应电流induction electromotive force 感应电动势induction motor 感应电动机inertia 惯性inertial force 惯性力inertial system 惯性系infrared ray 红外线infrasonic wave 次声波initial phase 初位相initial velocity 初速度input 输入instantaneous power 瞬时功率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度instrument 仪器insulated conductor 绝缘导体insulating medium 绝缘介质insulator 绝缘体intensity of sound 声强interference 干涉interference fringe 干涉条纹interference pattern 干涉图样interferometer 干涉仪internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal resistance 内阻intonation 声调inverted image 倒像invisible light 不可见光ion beam 离子束ionization 电离irreversible process 不可逆过程isobaric process 等压过程isobar 等压线isochoric process 等体积过程isothermal 等温线isothermal process 等温过程isotope 同位素isotropy 各向同性joule 焦耳（功的单位）Joule heat 焦耳热Joule law 焦耳定律Joule' law 焦耳定律Kepler law 开普勒定律kinematics 运动学kinetic energy 动能Laplace's equation 拉普拉斯方程laser 激光，激光器law 定律law of conservation of angular momentum 角动量守恒定律law of conservation of energy 能量守恒定律law of conservation of mass 质量守恒定律law of conservation of mechanical energy 机械能守恒定律law of conservation of momentum动量守恒定律law of electric charge conservation 电荷守恒定律Le Système International d ` Unit è s 国际单位制(SI)lead 导线length 长度lens 透镜lens formula 透镜公式Lenz's law 楞次定律lepton 轻子Light ray 光线light source 光源light wave 光波lightning rod 避雷针light 光line spectrum 线状谱lines of current 电流线lines of force of electric field 电力线liquefaction 液化liquefaction point 液化点liquid 液体longitudinal wave 纵波loop 回路Lorentz force 洛仑兹力luminous intensity 发光强度magnetic field 磁场magnetic field intensity 磁场强度magnetic field line 磁场线magnetic induction flux 磁感应通量magnetic induction 磁感应强度magnetic induction line 磁感应线magnetic material 磁性材料magnetic needle 磁针magnetic pole 磁极magnetics 磁学magnetism 磁学magnetization 磁化magnet 磁体magnification 放大率magnifier 放大镜，放大器manometer 流体压强计mass 质量mass defect 质量亏损mass-energy equation 质能方程matter 物质matter wave 物质波Maxwell's equations 麦克斯韦方程组mean speed 平均速率mean velocity 平均速度measurement 测量mechanical energy 机械能mechanical motion 机械运动mechanical vibration 机械振动mechanics 力学medium 介质melting fusion 熔化melting point 熔点metre rule 米尺microdetector 灵敏电流计micrometer caliper 螺旋测微器microscope 显微镜microscopic particle 微观粒子mirror reflection 镜面反射mirror 镜mixed unit system 混合单位制modern physics 现代物理学molar volume 摩尔体积molecular spectrum 分子光谱molecular structure 分子结构moment of force 力矩momentum of electromagnetic field 电磁场的动量momentum 动量motor 电动机multimeter 多用［电］表musical quality 音色N pole 北极natural frequency 固有频率natural light 自然光negative charge 负电荷negative crystal 负晶体negative ion 负离子negative plate 负极板network 网络neutralization 中和neutron 中子newton 牛顿（力的单位）Newton first law 牛顿第一定律Newton second law 牛顿第二定律Newton third law 牛顿第三定律nonequilibrium state 非平衡态north pole 北极nucleus force 核力nucleus of condensation 凝结核object 物object distance 物距object height 物高objective 物镜observation 观察Oersted's experiment 奥斯特实验ohm 欧姆Ohm law 欧姆定律ohmmeter 欧姆计Ohm's law 欧姆定律open circuit 开路optical bench 光具座optical centre of lens 透镜光心optical fiber 光导纤维optical glass 光学玻璃optical instrument 光学仪器optical lever 光杠杆optical path difference 光程差optical path 光程(路)optically denser medium 光密介质optically thinner medium 光疏介质optics 光学orbit 轨道order 有序oscillograph 示波器output 输出overweight 超重parallel connection of condensers 电容器的并联parallelogram rule 平行四边形定律parallel-resonance circuit 并联谐振电路parameter 参量particle 质点，粒子Pascal law 帕斯卡定律path 路程peak 峰值pendulum 摆penumbra 半影perfect conductor 理想导体perfect elastic collision 完全弹性碰撞perfect inelastic collision 完全非弹性碰撞periodicity 周期性period 周期periscope 潜望镜permanent magnet 永磁体permittivity of vacuum 真空介电常数permittivity 电容率phase 位相phenomenon 现象photocurrent 光电流photoelectric cell 光电管photoelectric effect 光电效应photoelectron 光电子photography 照相术photon 光子physical balance 物理天平physical quantity 物理量physics 物理学pitch 音调Planck constant 普朗克常量plasma 等离子体point charge 点电荷polarization 偏振polarized light 偏振光polycrystal 多晶体poor conductor 不良导体positive charge 正电荷positive crystal 正晶体positive ion 正离子positive plate 正极板positron 正电子potential energy 势能potentiometer 电位差计power 功率pressure 压强，压力primary coil 原线圈principle of constancy of light velocity 光速不变原理prism 棱镜projectile 抛体projectile motion 抛体运动projector 投影仪proton 质子pulley 滑轮pulley block 滑轮组quantity of heat 热量quantization 量子化quantum 量子quantum mechanics 量子力学quantum number 量子数radar 雷达radioactive source 放射源radius of gyration 回旋半径random motion 无规则运动range 量程rated voltage 额定电压reacting force 反作用力real image 实像real object 实物reasoning 推理recoil 反冲rectilinear motion 直线运动reference frame 参考系，坐标系reference system 参考系reflected angle 反射角reflected ray 反射线reflection coefficient 反射系数reflection law 反射定律reflectivity 反射率refracted angle 折射角refracted ray 折射线refraction law 折射定律refraction coefficient 折射系数refractive index 折射率relative acceleration 相对加速度relative error 相对误差relative motion 相对运动relative velocity 相对速度relativity 相对论resistance 电阻resistance box 电阻箱resistivity 电阻率resistor 电阻［器］resolution of force 力的分解resolution of velocity 速度的分解resonance 共振，共鸣resonant frequency 共振频率resultant force 合力resultant velocity 合速度reversibility of optical path 光路可逆性reversible process 可逆过程rheostat 变阻器right-hand screw rule 右手螺旋定则rocker 火箭rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场rotation 自转，转动Rutherford scattering 卢瑟福散射Rutherford ［α-particle scattering］experiment 卢瑟福［α散射］实验S pole 南极saturation 饱和scalar 标量scalar field 标量场scanner 扫描器second cosmic velocity 第二宇宙速度selective absorption 选择吸收self-induced electromotive force 自感电动势self-inductance 自感self-induction phenomenon 自感系数semiconductor 半导体semi-transparent film 半透膜sensitive galvanometer 灵敏电流计sensitivity 灵敏度sensitometer 感光计sensor 传感器series connection of condensers 电容器的串联series-resonance circuit 串联谐振电路short circuit 短路short sight 近视shunt resistor 分流电阻significant figure 有效数字simple harmonic motion (SHM) 简谐运动simple harmonic wave 简谐波simple pendulum 单摆single crystal（monocrystal）单晶体single slit diffraction 单缝衍射sinusoidal alternating current 简谐交流电sinusoidal current 正弦式电流sliding friction 滑动摩擦slit 狭缝solar cell 太阳能电池solenoid 螺线管solidification 凝固solidifying point 凝固点solid 固体solution 溶液solvation 溶解sonar 声纳sound source 声源sound velocity 声速sound wave 声波sound 声［音］source 电源south pole 南极space 空间spark discharge 火花放电special relativity 狭义相对论specific heat capacity 比热容spectacles 眼镜spectral analysis 光谱分析spectral line ［光］谱线spectrograph 摄谱仪spectrography 摄谱学spectroscopy 光谱学spectrum 光谱speed 速率spherical mirror 球面镜spontaneous radiation 自发辐射spring balance 弹簧秤stability 稳定性stabilized current supply 稳流电源stabilized voltage supply 稳压电源standard atmospheric pressure 标准大气压standard cell 标准电池standing wave 驻波static friction 静摩擦stationary state 定态steady current 恒定电流steady current source 恒流源steady voltage source 恒压源steam point 汽点stiffness 劲度［系数］stimulated radiation 受激辐射stop watch 停表sublimation 升华superconductivity 超导［电］性superconductor 超导体superposition principle of electric field 电场强度叠加原理superposition theorem 叠加定律supersaturation 过度饱和supersonic speed 超声速supersonic wave 超声波supply transformer 电源变压器surface resistance 表面电阻switch 开关system of concurrent forces 共点力系system of particles 质点系system of units 单位制systematic error 系统误差telescope 望远镜temperature 温度tension 张力the law of gravity 万有引力定律theorem 原理theorem of kinetic energy 动能定理theorem of momentum 动量定理theoretical physics 理论物理学theory 理论thermal capacity 热容［量］thermal equilibrium 热平衡thermal motion 热运动thermal transmission 传热thermodynamic scale ［of temperature］热力学温标thermodynamic temperature 热力学温度thermometer 温度计thermometric scale 温标thermonuclear reaction 热核反应thick lens 厚透镜thin lens 薄透镜third cosmic velocity 第三宇宙速度three-phase alternating current 三相［交变］电流time 时间timer 定时器，计时器torsion balance 扭秤total reflection 全反射trajectory 轨道transformer 变压器transistor 晶体管transition 跃迁translation 平移transmission line 传输线transmissivity 透射率transverse wave 横波triboelectrification 摩擦起电triode 三极管trough 波谷tuning fork 音叉turbulent flow 湍流ultrasound wave 超声波ultraviolet ray 紫外线umbra 本影undulatory property 波动性uniform dielectric 均匀电介质uniform motion 匀速运动unit 单位unit system 单位制universal constant 普适常量universal gravitation 万有引力universal meter 多用［电］表vacuum tube 真空管vacuum 真空value of amplitude 幅值vaporization 汽化variable 变量vector 矢量velocity of light 光速velocity 速度verification 验证vernier 游标vernier caliper 游标卡尺vibration 振动viewing angle 视角viewing field 视场virtual image 虚像virtual object 虚物virtual value 有效值visibility 可见度visible light 可见光voltage 电压voltage division circuit 分压电路voltaic cell 伏打电池voltmeter 伏特计voltmeter-ammeter method 伏安法volt 伏特volume 体积vortex electric field 涡旋电场watt 瓦特wave equation 波动方程wave theory 波动说wavelength 波长wave-particle dualism 波粒二象性wave 波weight 重量weightlessness 失重white light 白光work 功work function 逸出功X-ray X射线Young experiment 杨氏实验zero line 零线α -decay α衰变α -particle α粒子α -ray α射线β -decay β衰变β -ray β射线γ -decay γ衰变γ -ray γ射线物理英语词汇BET公式BET formulaDLVO理论DLVO theoryHLB法hydrophile-lipophile balance methodpVT性质pVTpr operty ζ电势zeta potential阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro’number阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro law 阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律Amagat law艾林方程Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein’lsa w of photochemical equivalence爱因斯坦－斯托克斯方程Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数Antoine constant安托万方程Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论Onsager’tsh eory of conductance半电池half cell半衰期half time period饱和液体saturated liquids饱和蒸气saturated vapor饱和吸附量saturated extent of adsorption饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限explosion limits比表面功specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度reduced viscosity标准电动势standard electromotive force标准电极电势standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function标准摩尔燃烧焓standard molarcombustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵standard molarentropy标准摩尔生成焓standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbs function标准平衡常数standardequilibrium constant标准氢电极standard hydrogenelectrode标准态standard state标准熵standard entropy标准压力standard pressure标准状况standard condition表观活化能apparent activationenergy表观摩尔质量apparent molecularweight表观迁移数apparent transferencenumber表面surfaces满分网——SAT2——物理表面过程控制surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量surface excess表面张力surface tension表面质量作用定律surface massaction law波义尔定律Boyle law波义尔温度Boyle temperature波义尔点Boyle point玻尔兹曼常数Boltzmann constant 玻尔兹曼分布Boltzmanndistribution玻尔兹曼公式Boltzmann formula 玻尔兹曼熵定理Boltzmannentropy theorem玻色－爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einsteinstatistics泊Poise不可逆过程irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes不可逆相变化irreversible phasechange布朗运动brownian movement查理定律Charle’lsa w产率yield敞开系统open system超电势over potential沉降sedimentation沉降电势sedimentation potential 沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium触变thixotropy粗分散系统thick disperse system 催化剂catalyst单分子层吸附理论mono moleculelayer adsorption单分子反应unimolecular reaction 单链反应straight chain reactions 弹式量热计bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律Dalton law道尔顿分压定律Dalton partialpressure law 德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect德拜立方公式Debye cubic formula德拜－休克尔极限公式Debye-Huckel’lsim iting equation 等焓过程isenthalpic process等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理theorem of equal probability等温等容位Helmholtz free energy 等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程equation at constant temperature低共熔点eutectic point低共熔混合物eutectic mixture低会溶点lower consolute point 低熔冰盐合晶cryohydric第二类永动机perpetual machine of the second kind第三定律熵third-law entropy第一类永动机perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附association chemical adsorption电池常数cell constant电池电动势electromotive force of cells电池反应cell reaction电导conductance电导率conductivity电动势的温度系数temperature coefficient of electromotive force电动电势zeta potential电功electric work电化学electrochemistry电化学极化electrochemical polarization电极电势electrode potential电极反应reactions on the electrode电极种类type of electrodes电解池electrolytic cell电量计coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁移electro migration电迁移率electromobility电渗electroosmosis电渗析electrodialysis电泳electrophoresis丁达尔效应Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant volume定容温度计Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容molar heat capacity under constant pressure定压温度计constant pressure thermometer定域子系统localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制kinetics control独立子系统independent particle system 对比摩尔体积reduced mole volume对比体积reduced volume对比温度reduced temperature 对比压力reduced pressure对称数symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers 二级反应second order reaction 二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数faraday constant 法拉第定律Faraday’lsa w反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透reverse osmosis反应分子数molecularity反应级数reaction orders反应进度extent of reaction反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数constant of reactionrate范德华常数van der Waalsconstant范德华方程van der Waals equation范德华力van der Waals force范德华气体van der Waals gases 范特霍夫方程van’Ht off equation 范特霍夫规则van’Ht off rule范特霍夫渗透压公式van’Ht off equation of osmotic pressure非基元反应non-elementaryreactions非体积功non-volume work非依时计量学反应timeindependent stoichiometric reactions菲克扩散第一定律Fick’fsir st lawof diffusion沸点boiling point沸点升高elevation of boilingpoint费米－狄拉克统计Fermi-Diracstatistics分布distribution分布数distribution numbers分解电压decomposition voltage 分配定律distribution law分散系统disperse system分散相dispersion phase分体积partial volume分体积定律partial volume law分压partial pressure分压定律partial pressure law分子反应力学mechanics ofmolecular reactions分子间力intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统closed system 附加压力excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption负极negative pole负吸附negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction 盖·吕萨克定律Gay-Lussac law 盖斯定律Hess law甘汞电极calomel electrode感胶离子序lyotropic series杠杆规则lever rule高分子溶液macromolecular solution高会溶点upper consolute point 隔离法the isolation method格罗塞斯－德雷珀定律Grotthus-Draoer’lsa w隔离系统isolated system根均方速率root-mean-square speed 功work功函work content共轭溶液conjugate solution共沸温度azeotropic temperature 构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统isolated system固溶胶solid sol固态混合物solid solution固相线solid phase line光反应photoreaction光化学第二定律the second law of actinochemistry光化学第一定律the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应photosensitized reactions光谱熵spectrum entropy广度性质extensive property广延量extensive quantity广延性质extensive property规定熵stipulated entropy过饱和溶液oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气oversaturated vapor 过程process过渡状态理论transition state theory过冷水super-cooled water过冷液体overcooled liquid过热液体overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数Helmholtz function 亥姆霍兹函数判据Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能Helmholtz free energy亥氏函数Helmholtz function焓enthalpy亨利常数Henry constant亨利定律Henry law恒沸混合物constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant volume 恒容热heat at constant volume恒外压constant external pressure 恒压摩尔热容molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction化学反应进度extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势chemical potential化学势判据chemical potential criterion化学吸附chemisorptions环境environment环境熵变entropy change in environment挥发度volatility混合熵entropy of mixing混合物mixture活度activity活化控制activation control活化络合物理论activated complex theory活化能activation energy霍根-华森图Hougen-Watson Chart基态能级energy level at ground state基希霍夫公式Kirchhoff formula 基元反应elementary reactions积分溶解热integration heat of dissolution吉布斯－杜亥姆方程Gibbs-Duhem equation吉布斯－亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmhotz equation吉布斯函数Gibbs function吉布斯函数判据Gibbs function criterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption formula吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy 吉氏函数Gibbs function极化电极电势polarization potential of electrode极化曲线polarization curves极化作用polarization极限摩尔电导率limiting molar conductivity几率因子steric factor计量式stoichiometric equation 计量系数stoichiometric coefficient价数规则rule of valence简并度degeneracy键焓bond enthalpy胶冻broth jelly 胶核colloidal nucleus胶凝作用demulsification胶束micelle胶体colloid胶体分散系统dispersion system of colloid胶体化学collochemistry胶体粒子colloidal particles胶团micelle焦耳Joule焦耳-汤姆生实验Joule-Thomson experiment焦耳-汤姆生系数Joule-Thomson coefficient焦耳-汤姆生效应Joule-Thomson effect焦耳定律Joule`s law接触电势contact potential接触角contact angle。
(完整版)数学英语词汇
数学英语词汇表[翻译必看]•一般词汇数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition•算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit•代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根the root of n, the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant•几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE)半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus, loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped 立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustum of a prism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustum of a cone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola•三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle•统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagramwave equation波动方程tangental equation切线方程quartic equation四次方程式quadratic equation二次方程式magnitude equation【天】星等差linear equation一次方程式irreducible equation不可约方程integral equation积分方程indicial equation【数】指数方程indeterminate equation不定方程数学专业英语Lesson 2Mathematics as a Language of Scienceassert vt. 断言；坚持主张；维护表明qualitative adj. 性质的；定性的quantitative adj. 量的；数量的；定量的；与数量有关的astronomy n. 天文学postulate n. 假定, 基本条件, 基本原理vt. 要求, 假定vi. 要求hypothetical adj. 假设的, 假定的,爱猜想的deduction n.减除, 扣除, 减除额, 推论, 演绎induction n. 归纳；归纳法；归纳所得之结论verification n. 验证；证实correlate vt. 使相互关联vi. 和...相关discard vt. 丢弃, 抛弃v. 放弃discredit n. 不信任；失信consistent adj. 一致的, 调和的, 坚固的, [数、统]相容的inadequacy n. 不充分,不适当,不适合,不足额conic, conical adj 圆锥的；圆锥形的ellipse n. 椭圆, 椭圆形ellipt (n.)hyperbolic adj. 双曲线的hyperbola (n.)parabolic adj. 用寓言表达的: 抛物线的，像抛物线的parabola (n.) algebraic adj. 代数的, 关于代数学的mineralogy n. 矿物学refraction n. 折光, 折射stimulus n. 刺激物, 促进因素, 刺激, 刺激impetus n. 冲力推动力；刺激Lesson 3Axioms, definitions and Theoremsaxiom n. [数]公理definition n. 阐明；确定定义；界说extravagant adj. 奢侈的, 浪费的, 过分的, 放纵的collinear adj. 在同一直线上的, 同线的convex adj. 凸出的；凸面的segment n. 部分；片段；节, 弓形；圆缺；弧形, 线段conswquently adv. 从而, 因此in terms of adv. 根据, 按照, 用...的话, 在...方面pretense n. 主张, 要求, 伪称, 借口, 自称Lesson 4Geometry and Geometrical termsterm n. 学期, 期限, 期间, 条款, 条件, 术语triangle n. [数]三角形, 三人一组, 三角关系parallelogram n. 平行四边形straight angle n. [数]平角right angle n. 直角acute angle n. 锐角obtuse angle n. 钝角reflex angle n. 优角rectilinear adj 直线的；由直线组成的；循直线进行的isosceles triangle n. 等腰三角形equilateral triangle n. 等边三角形right triangle n. 直角三角形obtuse triangle n. 钝角三角形acute triangle n. 锐角三角形equiangular triangle n. 正三角形,等角三角形hypotenuse n. （直角三角形的）斜边circle 圆center 中心；中央；圆心diameter n. 直径radius n. 半径, 范围, 辐射光线, 有效航程, 范围, 界限circumference n. 圆周, 周围Lesson 5The Method of Limitslimit n. 限度,极限,极点infinite adj. 无限的；无穷的infinitesimal adj. 无穷小的, 极小的, 无限小的calculus n. 微积分学, 结石exemplify vt. 例证, 例示, 作为...例子inscribe v. 记下polygon n. [数]多角形, 多边形diminish v. (使)减少, (使)变小curvilinear adj 曲线的, 由曲线组成的intuition n. 直觉, 直觉的知识integral n. [数学] 积分, 完整, 部分defective adj. 有缺陷的, (智商或行为有)欠缺的differential coefficient 微分系数arithmetical adj. 算术的, 算术上的convergence n. 集中, 收敛criterion n. (批评判断的)标准, 准据, 规范sequence n. 次序, 顺序, 序列irrational numbers n. [数]无理数domain ，定义域contradiction 矛盾reversal n. 颠倒, 反转, 反向, 逆转, 撤销Lesson 6Functioncontinuous variable 连续变量;［连续变数］variation 变分, 变化interval 区间independent variable 自变量dependent variable 应变量rectangular coordinate 直角坐标abscissa n. 〈数〉横坐标ordinate n. [数]纵线, 纵座标gradient adj. 倾斜的 n. 梯度, 倾斜度, 坡度slope n. 斜坡, 斜面, 倾斜v. (使)顺斜Lesson 7Differential and Integral calculusdifferential adj. 微分的 n. 微分(differentiation)Integral n. [数学] 积分, 完整, 部分(integration)calculus n. 微积分学, 结石interrelation n. 相互关系trigonometry n. 三角法exponential adj. 指数的, 幂数的logarithm n. [数] 对数derivative n. 导数；微商tangent n. 切线, [数]正切counterclockwise adj. 反时针方向的 adv. 反时针方向(clockwise) definite integral 定积分approximation n. 接近, 走近, [数]近似值culminate v. 达到顶点mean n. 平均数, 中间, 中庸differential equation 微分方程extreme value n. 极值multiple integral 多重积分double integralline integralfunctional analysis 泛函分析Lesson 8 The Concept of Cardinal Number (I)cardinal number n. 基数（如：1, 2, 3, ... 有别于序数）denumerable adj. 可数的aggregate n. 合计, 总计, 集合体adj. 合计的, 集合的, 聚合的v. 聚集, 集合, 合计purport n. 主旨v. 声称fancier n. 空想家, 培育动物(或植物)的行家, 爱好者sniff v. 用力吸, 嗅, 闻到, 发觉, 轻视, 用力吸气n. 吸, 闻, 吸气声, 嗤之以鼻scheme n. 安排, 配置, 计划, 阴谋, 方案, 图解, 摘要v. 计划, 设计, 图谋, 策划, * n.（计算数学）方法，格式superior n. 长者, 高手, 上级adj. 较高的, 上级的, 上好的, 出众的, 高傲的cumbersome adj. 讨厌的, 麻烦的, 笨重的instruction n. 指示, 用法说明(书), 教育, 指导, 指令drastically adv. 激烈地, 彻底地conservation 守衡律quadrature n. 求积, 求积分interpolation n. 插值extrapolation n. [数]外推法, 推断internal point 内点identical adj. 同一的, 同样的generalized solution 广义解functional 泛函hydrodynamics 流体力学，水动力学divergence 发散（性），梯度，发散量play an important (fundamental ... ) role 起着重要的（...）作用integro-interpolation method 积分插值法Variational method 变分方法comparatively adv. 比较地, 相当地deficiency n. 缺乏, 不足fictive adj. 虚构的, 想象上的, 虚伪的self-adjoint (nonself-adjoint) 自治的，自伴的，自共轭的finite element method 有限元法spline approximation 样条逼近Particles-in-the-Cell 网格质点法herald n. 使者, 传令官, 通报者, 先驱, 预兆vt. 预报, 宣布, 传达, 欢呼advection n. 水平对流phenomenological adj. 现象学的, 现象的fluctuation n. 波动, 起伏optimism n. 乐观, 乐观主义pessimism n. 悲观, 悲观主义unjustified adj 未被证明其正确的mean-square 均方dispersion n. [数] 离差, 差量Polynomial n adj. [数]多项式的interpolation 插值arithmetic n. 算术, 算法rounding errors 舍入误差multiple n. 倍数, 若干subjective adj. 主观的, 个人的objective adj. 客观的,outcome n. 结果, 成果pattern n. 样品toss v. 投, 掷exhaust vt. 用尽, 耗尽, 抽完, 使精疲力尽divisible adj. 可分的dice, die n. 骰子assign vt. 分配, 指派attach vt. 缚上, 系上, 贴上v. 配属, 隶属于pitfall n. 缺陷chairperson 主席mechanics n. (用作单数)机械学、力学, (用作复数)技巧, 结构statics n. [物]静力学dynamics n. 动力学adequately adv. 充分地celestial adj. 天上的macroscopic adj. 肉眼可见的, 巨观的classical field theory 经典场理论rigit adj. 刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的elastic adj. 弹性的plastic n. 可塑的,塑性的,塑料的quantum n. 量, 额, [物] 量子, 量子论inception n. 起初, 获得学位pertain v. 适合, 属于gravitation n. 地心吸力, 引力作用tide n. 潮, 潮汐, 潮流, 趋势monumental adj. 纪念碑的, 纪念物的, 不朽的, 非常的encompass v. 包围, 环绕, 包含或包括某事物ingredient n. 成分, 因素acquainted adj. 有知识的, 知晓的synonymous adj. 同义的configuration n. 构造, 结构, 配置, 外形reference n. 提及, 涉及, 参考, 参考书目inertia n. 惯性, 惯量attribute 特性momentum n. 动量proportional adj. 比例的, 成比例的, 相称的, 均衡的designate 指明negligible adj. 可以忽略的, 不予重视的projectile n. 射弹adj. 发射的ballistics n. 弹道学, 发射学intractable adj. 难处理的{Mechanics of a Particlein consequence of adv. 由于的...缘故exert vt. 尽(力), 施加(压力等), 努力v. 发挥, 竭尽全力, 尽galaxy n. 星系, 银河, 一群显赫的人, 一系列光彩夺目的东furnish vt. 供应, 提供, 装备, 布置v. 供给torque n. 扭矩, 转矩moment 力矩的friction 摩擦dissipation n. 消散, 分散, 挥霍, 浪费, 消遣, 放荡, 狂饮infer v. 推断Hooke s Law and Its Consequenceselasticity n. 弹力, 弹性constitutive adj. 构成的, 制定的atomistic adj. 原子论的crack n. 裂缝, 噼啪声v. (使)破裂, 裂纹, (使)爆裂continuum mechanics n. 连续介质力学superposition n. 重叠, 重合, 叠合strain n. 过度的疲劳, 紧张, 张力, 应变vt. 扭伤, 损伤v. 拉紧, 扯紧, (使)紧张, 尽力thermodynamics n. [物] 热力学reckon vt. 计算, 总计, 估计, 猜想vi. 数, 计算, 估计, 依赖, 料想lesson 20strength 强度load 载荷empirical 以经验为依据的member 构件isolated 孤立的segment 部分、段、节stress 应力strain 应变tension 拉伸shear 剪切bend 弯曲torsion 扭转、扭力insofar 在……范围cohesive 内聚性的tensile 拉力、张力stiffness 硬度furnish 供给Lesson 23 Fluid Mechanicseruption 喷发、爆发turbulent 湍流laminar 层流isothermal 等温isotropic 各向同性prevalent 普遍的、流行的tornado 旋风、飓风eddy 旋涡viscosity 粘性、粘度nonviscous 无粘性的rotation 旋转adiabatic 绝热的reversible 可逆的isentropic 等熵的instant 瞬时的streamline 流线stream tube 流管tangential 切线的incompressible 不可压缩的resultant 合成的,组合的downstream 下游的,顺流的elbow 弯管,肘similitude 相似性hydraulic 水力的,水力学的predominante 占主导地位spillway (河或水坝的)放水道,泄洪道prototype 原型,样板Lesson 24 Mechanical Vibration repetitive 重复的,反复的periodic 周期的,定期的tidal 潮的,像潮的stationary 固定的,不动的vibratory 振动的,摆动的propagation 传播couple v .连接,连合acoustic 听觉的,声学的annoyance 烦恼,困惑adjacent 接近的,邻近的damp 阻尼,衰减restore 复职,归还neutral 平衡exciting force 激励力resonant adj. 共振的,谐振的stiffness 刚度,刚性proportionality 成比例地inclusion 包含,包括magnitude 数值,大小substantially adv. 实质上的perturb 干扰,扰乱resonance n. 共振vibratory adj. 振动的, 可知的perceptible 可见的,可知的adudible 听得见的,可闻的foregoing 前述的impulsive 冲击的shock 冲击Fourier series 傅里叶级数excitation 激发,激励discrete 分离,离散的contend with 向…作斗争compressor 压气机fatigue 疲劳perceptible 可见的,可知觉的shredder 切菜器disposal 处理urban 都市的metropolitan 大都市的at-grade 在同一水平面上elevated 高架的guideway 导轨Lesson 25 A prefect to the Continuum Mechanics preface 序言continuum连续pl. continuuarigid body 刚体contemporary 当代的,同时期的widespread 分布广的, 普及的accommodate 容纳,使适应medium 介质plasticity 塑性residual 剩余的,残留的creep 蠕变,爬行,塑性变形aging 老化polymeric聚合(物)的sandy 沙的,沙质的aubterranean 地下的,隐藏的essence 精髓,本质thermodynamics 热力学self-similar 自相似expedient 方便的sonsolidate 把…联合为一体,统一justify 证明…有理radically 根本地,本质上deliberate 从容不迫的,深思熟虑Lesson 33 what is a computerAttribute v. 赋予medieval 中世纪的astronomer 天文学家Mars 火星resemble vt. 像,相似tedious adj. 冗长乏味的pulp 浆状物,果肉filter vt.过滤underlying adj. 潜在的, 基本的ore n. 矿沙,矿石perceive v. 察觉,看见intervention n. 干涉,插入intelligent adj. 有智力的,聪明的Lesson 34 A computer systemmanipulate vt. 操纵,使用chip n. 芯片etch vt. 蚀刻,蚀镂fingernail 指甲mount vt. 安装,安置assemble vt. 集合,聚集cabinet 橱柜execute vt. 执行,实现paycheck n.支付薪金的支票bar chart 直方图joystick 游戏杆encounter vt. 遇到,遇上Mathematical Modelingindustry n. 工业, 产业, 行业, 勤奋commerce n. 商业complexity n. 复杂(性), 复杂的事物, 复杂性career n. (原意:道路, 轨道)事业, 生涯, 速度outset n. 开端, 开始essence n. 基本, [哲]本质, 香精advocation n. (=advocacy)拥护支持provision n. 供应, (一批)供应品, 预备, 防备, 规定publicize v. 宣扬roundabout adj. 迂回的, 转弯抹角的n. 道路交叉处的环形路, 迂回路线, 兜圈子的话trial-error vt. n. 试制, 试生产maneuverability n. 可操作性, 机动性vehicle n. 交通工具, 车辆, 媒介物, 传达手段junction n. 连接, 接合, 交叉点, 汇合处ponder v. 沉思, 考虑contrive v. 发明, 设计, 图谋snooker n. (=snooker pool)彩色台球, 桌球context n. 上下文, 文章的前后关系deviation n. 背离notoriously adj. 声名狼籍的。
美国数学大联盟常用英文词汇
美国数学大联盟常用英文词汇一、基础数学词汇1. Arithmetic 算术2. Algebra 代数3. Geometry 几何4. Trigonometry 三角学5. Calculus 微积分6. Statistics 统计学7. Probability 概率论8. Combinatorics 组合数学9. Number theory 数论10. Set theory 集合论二、代数词汇1. Variable 变量2. Equation 方程3. Inequality 不等式4. Function 函数5. Graph 图像6. Polynomial 多项式7. Factorization 因式分解8. Exponent 指数9. Logarithm 对数10. Matrix 矩阵三、几何词汇1. Point 点2. Line 线3. Plane 平面4. Angle 角度5. Triangle 三角形6. Quadrilateral 四边形7. Circle 圆8. Perimeter 周长9. Area 面积10. Volume 体积四、三角学词汇1. Sine 正弦2. Cosine 余弦3. Tangent 正切4. Cosecant 余割5. Secant 正割6. Cotangent 余切7. Arcsine 反正弦8. Arccosine 反余弦9. Arctangent 反正切10. Radian 弧度五、微积分词汇1. Derivative 导数2. Integral 积分3. Limit 极限4. Series 级数5. Sequence 数列6. Differentiation 微分7. Integration 积分8. Differential equation 微分方程9. Taylor series 泰勒级数10. Fourier series 傅里叶级数六、统计学词汇1. Data 数据2. Sample 样本3. Population 总体4. Mean 平均值5. Median 中位数6. Mode 众数7. Standard deviation 标准差8. Variance 方差9. Probability distribution 概率分布10. Hypothesis testing 假设检验七、概率论词汇1. Event 事件2. Probability 概率3. Random variable 随机变量4. Probability space 概率空间5. Conditional probability 条件概率6. Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理7. Independence 独立性8. Law of large numbers 大数定律9. Central limit theorem 中心极限定理10. Random walk 随机游走八、组合数学词汇1. Permutation 排列2. Combination 组合3. Binomial coefficient 二项式系数4. Pascal's triangle 帕斯卡三角形5. Catalan number 卡塔兰数6. Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契数列7. Partition 分割8. Graph theory 图论9. Ramsey theory 拉姆齐理论10. Combinatorial design 组合设计九、数论词汇1. Prime number 质数2. Composite number 合数3. Divisor 因数4. GCD 最大公约数5. LCM 最小公倍数6. Modular arithmetic 模运算7. Fermat's little theorem 费马小定理8. Euler's theorem 欧拉定理9. Chinese remainder theorem 中国剩余定理10. RSA encryption RSA加密十、集合论词汇1. Set 集合2. Element 元素3. Union 并集4. Intersection 交集5. Complement 补集6. Power set 幂集7. Cartesian product 笛卡尔积8. Function 函数9. Relation 关系10. Equivalence relation 等价关系美国数学大联盟常用英文词汇一、基础数学词汇1. Arithmetic 算术2. Algebra 代数3. Geometry 几何4. Trigonometry 三角学5. Calculus 微积分6. Statistics 统计学7. Probability 概率论8. Combinatorics 组合数学9. Number theory 数论10. Set theory 集合论二、代数词汇1. Variable 变量2. Equation 方程3. Inequality 不等式4. Function 函数5. Graph 图像6. Polynomial 多项式7. Factorization 因式分解8. Exponent 指数9. Logarithm 对数10. Matrix 矩阵三、几何词汇1. Point 点2. Line 线3. Plane 平面4. Angle 角度5. Triangle 三角形6. Quadrilateral 四边形7. Circle 圆8. Perimeter 周长9. Area 面积10. Volume 体积四、三角学词汇1. Sine 正弦2. Cosine 余弦3. Tangent 正切4. Cosecant 余割5. Secant 正割6. Cotangent 余切7. Arcsine 反正弦8. Arccosine 反余弦9. Arctangent 反正切10. Radian 弧度五、微积分词汇1. Derivative 导数2. Integral 积分3. Limit 极限4. Series 级数5. Sequence 数列6. Differentiation 微分7. Integration 积分8. Differential equation 微分方程9. Taylor series 泰勒级数10. Fourier series 傅里叶级数六、统计学词汇1. Data 数据2. Sample 样本3. Population 总体4. Mean 平均值5. Median 中位数6. Mode 众数7. Standard deviation 标准差8. Variance 方差9. Probability distribution 概率分布10. Hypothesis testing 假设检验七、概率论词汇1. Event 事件2. Probability 概率3. Random variable 随机变量4. Probability space 概率空间5. Conditional probability 条件概率6. Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理7. Independence 独立性8. Law of large numbers 大数定律9. Central limit theorem 中心极限定理10. Random walk 随机游走八、组合数学词汇1. Permutation 排列2. Combination 组合3. Binomial coefficient 二项式系数4. Pascal's triangle 帕斯卡三角形5. Catalan number 卡塔兰数6. Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契数列7. Partition 分割8. Graph theory 图论9. Ramsey theory 拉姆齐理论10. Combinatorial design 组合设计九、数论词汇1. Prime number 质数2. Composite number 合数3. Divisor 因数4. GCD 最大公约数5. LCM 最小公倍数6. Modular arithmetic 模运算7. Fermat's little theorem 费马小定理8. Euler's theorem 欧拉定理9. Chinese remainder theorem 中国剩余定理10. RSA encryption RSA加密十、集合论词汇1. Set 集合2. Element 元素3. Union 并集4. Intersection 交集5. Complement 补集6. Power set 幂集7. Cartesian product 笛卡尔积8. Function 函数9. Relation 关系10. Equivalence relation 等价关系十一、数学竞赛相关词汇1. Contest 竞赛2. Problem 问题3. Solution 解答4. Strategy 策略5. Practice 练习6. Challenge 挑战7. Competition 比赛8. Award 奖项9. Medal 奖牌10. Rank 排名十二、数学教育相关词汇1. Curriculum 课程2. Lesson 课3. Exercise 练习4. Homework 作业5. Test 测试6. Assessment 评估7. Instruction 指导8. Resource 资源9. Tool 工具10. Technique 技巧十三、数学研究相关词汇1. Research 研究2. Theory 理论3. Hypothesis 假设4. Proof 证明5. Result 结果6. Experiment 实验7. Observation 观察8. Analysis 分析9. Conclusion 结论10. Publication 发表十四、数学应用相关词汇1. Application 应用2. Model 模型3. Algorithm 算法4. Simulation 模拟5. Optimization 优化6. Data 数据7. Analysis 分析8. Solution 解答9. Design 设计10. Evaluation 评估十五、数学文化相关词汇1. History 历史2. Development 发展3. Influence 影响4. Mathematician 数学家5. Theory 理论6. Concept 概念7. Idea 思想8. Innovation 创新9. Tradition 传统10. Legacy 遗产通过掌握这些常用英文词汇，你将能够更好地理解和参与美国数学大联盟的数学竞赛、教育、研究以及应用等领域的讨论和交流。
(完整版)数学词汇大全
hing at a time and All things in their being are good for somethin
axis of symmetry 对称轴 back substitution 回代 bar chart 棒形图；条线图；条形图；线条图 base （1）底；（2）基；基数 base angle 底角 base area 底面 base line 底线 base number 底数；基数 base of logarithm 对数的底 basis 基 Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理 bearing 方位（角）；角方向（角） bell-shaped curve 钟形图 belong to 属于 Bernoulli distribution 伯努利分布 Bernoulli trials 伯努利试验 bias 偏差；偏倚 biconditional 双修件式; 双修件句 bijection 对射; 双射; 单满射 bijective function 对射函数; 只射函数 billion 十亿 bimodal distribution 双峰分布 binary number 二进数 binary operation 二元运算 binary scale 二进法 binary system 二进制 binomial 二项式 binomial distribution 二项分布 binomial expression 二项式 binomial series 二项级数 binomial theorem 二项式定理 bisect 平分；等分 bisection method 分半法；分半方法 bisector 等分线；平分线 Boolean algebra 布尔代数 boundary condition 边界条件 boundary line 界（线）；边界 bounded 有界的 bounded above 有上界的；上有界的 bounded below 有下界的；下有界的 bounded function 有界函数 bounded sequence 有界序列 brace 大括号 bracket 括号
部分常用数学术语词汇
Mathematics Vocabulary1.math, mathematics,maths(英) 数学2.add，addition，plus 加，加法3.subtract，subtraction，minus 减，减法4.multiply，times，of 乘5.divide，divide by 除6.sum 和7.difference 差8.product 积9.quotient 商10.perfect square 完全平方11.square root 平方根12.cube root 立方根13.power 幂14.fraction 分数15.proper fraction 真分数16.improper fraction 假分数17.numerator 分子18.denominator 分母19.decimal 小数20.parallel 平行21.multiple 倍数22.sequence 数列23.term 项24.like terms, similar terms 同类项25.operation 运算26.calculation 计算27.proportion 比例28.percentage 百分数29.factor 因子30.prime number 质数，素数31.prime factor 质因数32.lowest common multiple(LCM) 最小公倍数33.hightest common factor(HCF) 最大公约数34.natural number 自然数35.integer (whole number) 整数36.directed number 方向数37.number line 数轴38.horizental 水平的39.vertical 竖直的40.perpendicular 垂直的41.positive integer 正整数42.negative integer 负整数43.even number (even integer) 偶数44.odd number (odd integer) 奇数45.real number 实数46.rational number 有理数47.irational number无理数48.square number 平方数49.reciprocal 倒数50.set 集合51.bracket 括号52.element 元素53.finite set 有限集54.infinite set 无限集55.empty set 空集56.subset 子集57.proper subset 真子集58.universal set 全集59.intersection 交集60.union 并集61.disjoint 不相邻的plement 补集63.inverse 逆，反64.decimal 小数65.recurring decimal 循环小数66.round to 四舍五入67.to the nearest 四舍五入68.significant figure (s.f.) 有效数字69.ratio 比70.proportion 比71.direct proportion 正比例72.inverse proportion 反比例73.increase 增长的74.decrease递增的75.quantity量76.estimation 估算77.approximation 近似78.accurate 精确79.lower bound 下界80.upper bound上届81.algebra 代数82.algebraic expression 代数式83.variable 变量84.equation 方程85.linear eqution 线性方程，一次方程86.geometry 几何87.vertex 顶点88.line 直线89.plane 面90.angle角91.acute angle 锐角92.obtuse angle钝角93.right angle 直角94.triangle 三角形95.equilateral triangle 等边三角形96.isosceles triangle等腰三角形97.right triangle 直角三角形98.parallelogram 平行四边形99.sphere 球体100.pyramid椎体101.area 面积102.surface area表面积103.volume 体积104.angle bisector 角平分线105.coordinate 坐标106.length 长107.breadth (width) 宽108.perimeter 周长109.formula (复formulae) 公式110.substitution 代替111.velocity (speed, rate) 速度，速率112.sequence 数列113.mode众数114.median 中位数，中值115.average 平均数116.circle 圆117.radius (复radii) 半径118.diameter 直径119.arc 弧120.chord 弦121.tangent 切线122.normal 法线123.centre 圆心124.circumference (perimeter) 周长125.differentiation 微分126.derivative 导数127.slope (gradient) 斜率128.curve 曲线129.quadratic 二次的130.parabola (quadratic curve) 抛物线，二次曲线131.intersect 相交的132.maximum (point) 最大的133.minimum (point) 最小的134.function 函数135.linear function 一次函数，线性函数136.quadratic function 二次函数137.inverse function 反函数138.derived function 导函数139.domain 定义域140.range 值域141.interval 区间142.consequence 推论143.equality 等式144.inequality 不等式145.absolute value 绝对值146.isolated point 孤立点147.immediate neighbourhood 邻域148.turning point 转折点149.stationary point 不动点150.evidence (proof) 证明151.expression 表达式152.expansion展开式153.independent variable自变量154.dependent variable 因变量155.hypotenuse 斜边（直角三角形）156.rectangle 矩形157.inductive definition 归纳定义158.Pascal sequence 帕斯卡数列159.arithmetic sequence 等差数列mon difference 公差161.geometric sequence 等比数列mon ratio 公比163.factorial sequence 阶乘数列164.binomial theorem 二项式定理165.cofficient 系数166.constant 常数167.period 周期168.symmetry 对称169.in terms of 用….表示。
（完整版）数学英文词汇大全
（完整版）数学英文词汇大全微积分第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit集合set元素element子集subset空集empty set并集union交集intersection差集difference of set基本集basic set补集complement set直积direct product笛卡儿积Cartesian product开区间open interval闭区间closed interval半开区间half open interval有限区间finite interval区间的长度length of an interval无限区间infinite interval领域neighborhood领域的中心centre of a neighborhood领域的半径radius of a neighborhood左领域left neighborhood右领域right neighborhood映射mappingX到Y的映射mapping of X ontoY满射surjection单射injection一一映射one-to-one mapping双射bijection算子operator变化transformation函数function逆映射inverse mapping复合映射composite mapping自变量independent variable因变量dependent variable定义域domain函数值value of function函数关系function relation值域range自然定义域natural domain单值函数single valued function多值函数multiple valued function单值分支one-valued branch函数图形graph of a function绝对值函数absolute value符号函数sigh function整数部分integral part阶梯曲线step curve当且仅当if and only if(iff)分段函数piecewise function上界upper bound下界lower bound有界boundedness无界unbounded函数的单调性monotonicity of a function 单调增加的increasing单调减少的decreasing单调函数monotone function函数的奇偶性parity(odevity) of a function 对称symmetry偶函数even function奇函数odd function函数的周期性periodicity of a function周期period反函数inverse function直接函数direct function复合函数composite function中间变量intermediate variable函数的运算operation of function基本初等函数basic elementary function 初等函数elementary function幂函数power function指数函数exponential function对数函数logarithmic function三角函数trigonometric function反三角函数inverse trigonometric function 常数函数constant function双曲函数hyperbolic function双曲正弦hyperbolic sine双曲余弦hyperbolic cosine双曲正切hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦inverse hyperbolic sine反双曲余弦inverse hyperbolic cosine反双曲正切inverse hyperbolic tangent极限limit数列sequence of number收敛convergence收敛于a converge to a发散divergent极限的唯一性uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性boundedness of a convergent sequence子列subsequence函数的极限limits of functions函数当x趋于x0时的极限limit of functions as x approaches x0 左极限left limit右极限right limit单侧极限one-sided limits水平渐近线horizontal asymptote无穷小infinitesimal无穷大infinity铅直渐近线vertical asymptote夹逼准则squeeze rule单调数列monotonic sequence高阶无穷小infinitesimal of higher order低阶无穷小infinitesimal of lower order同阶无穷小infinitesimal of the same order--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 高等数学-翻译等阶无穷小equivalent infinitesimal函数的连续性continuity of a function增量increment函数在x0连续the function is continuous at x0左连续left continuous右连续right continuous区间上的连续函数continuous function函数在该区间上连续function is continuous on an interval不连续点discontinuity point第一类间断点discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性continuity of the elementary functions定义区间defined interval最大值global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理the zero point theorem介值定理intermediate value theorem第二章导数与微分Chapter2 Derivative and Differential速度velocity匀速运动uniform motion平均速度average velocity瞬时速度instantaneous velocity圆的切线tangent line of a circle切线tangent line切线的斜率slope of the tangent line位置函数position function导数derivative可导derivable函数的变化率问题problem of the change rate of a function 导函数derived function左导数left-hand derivative右导数right-hand derivative单侧导数one-sided derivatives在闭区间【a,b】上可导is derivable on the closed interval [a,b] 切线方程tangent equation角速度angular velocity成本函数cost function边际成本marginal cost链式法则chain rule隐函数implicit function显函数explicit function二阶函数second derivative三阶导数third derivative高阶导数nth derivative莱布尼茨公式Leibniz formula对数求导法log- derivative参数方程parametric equation相关变化率correlative change rata微分differential可微的differentiable函数的微分differential of function自变量的微分differential of independent variable微商differential quotient间接测量误差indirect measurement error绝对误差absolute error相对误差relative error第三章微分中值定理与导数的应用Chapter3 MeanValue Theorem of Differentials and the Application of Derivatives 罗马定理Rolle’s theorem费马引理Fermat’s lemma拉格朗日中值定理Lagrange’s mean value theorem驻点stationary point稳定点stable point临界点critical point辅助函数auxiliary function拉格朗日中值公式Lagrange’s mean value formula柯西中值定理Cauchy’s mean value theorem洛必达法则L’Hospital’s Rule0/0型不定式indeterminate form of type 0/0不定式indeterminate form泰勒中值定理Taylor’s mean value th eorem泰勒公式Taylor formula余项remainder term拉格朗日余项Lagrange remainder term麦克劳林公式Maclaurin’s formula佩亚诺公式Peano remainder term凹凸性concavity凹向上的concave upward, cancave up凹向下的，向上凸的concave downward’concave down 拐点inflection point函数的极值extremum of function极大值local(relative) maximum最大值global(absolute) mximum极小值local(relative) minimum最小值global(absolute) minimum目标函数objective function曲率curvature弧微分arc differential平均曲率average curvature曲率园circle of curvature曲率中心center of curvature曲率半径radius of curvature渐屈线evolute渐伸线involute根的隔离isolation of root隔离区间isolation interval切线法tangent line method第四章不定积分Chapter4 Indefinite Integrals原函数primitive function(antiderivative)积分号sign of integration被积函数integrand积分变量integral variable积分曲线integral curve积分表table of integrals换元积分法integration by substitution分部积分法integration by parts分部积分公式formula of integration by parts有理函数rational function真分式proper fraction假分式improper fraction第五章定积分Chapter5 Definite Integrals曲边梯形trapezoid with曲边curve edge窄矩形narrow rectangle曲边梯形的面积area of trapezoid with curved edge积分下限lower limit of integral积分上限upper limit of integral积分区间integral interval分割partition积分和integral sum可积integrable矩形法rectangle method积分中值定理mean value theorem of integrals函数在区间上的平均值average value of a function on anintegvals 牛顿－莱布尼茨公式Newton-Leibniz formula 微积分基本公式fundamental formula of calculus换元公式formula for integration by substitution递推公式recurrence formula反常积分improper integral反常积分发散the improper integral is divergent反常积分收敛the improper integral is convergent无穷限的反常积分improper integral on an infinite interval无界函数的反常积分improper integral of unbounded functions绝对收敛absolutely convergent第六章定积分的应用Chapter6 Applications of the Definite Integrals元素法the element method面积元素element of area平面图形的面积area of a luane figure直角坐标又称“笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)”极坐标polar coordinates抛物线parabola椭圆ellipse旋转体的面积volume of a solid of rotation旋转椭球体ellipsoid of revolution, ellipsoid of rotation曲线的弧长arc length of acurve可求长的rectifiable光滑smooth功work水压力water pressure引力gravitation变力variable force第七章空间解析几何与向量代数Chapter7 Space Analytic Geometry and Vector Algebra向量vector自由向量free vector单位向量unit vector零向量zero vector相等equal平行parallel向量的线性运算linear poeration of vector三角法则triangle rule平行四边形法则parallelogram rule交换律commutative law结合律associative law负向量negative vector差difference分配律distributive law空间直角坐标系space rectangular coordinates坐标面coordinate plane卦限octant向量的模modulus of vector向量a与b的夹角angle between vector a and b方向余弦direction cosine方向角direction angle向量在轴上的投影projection of a vector onto an axis数量积，外积，叉积scalar product,dot product,inner product 曲面方程equation for a surface球面sphere旋转曲面surface of revolution母线generating line轴axis圆锥面cone顶点vertex旋转单叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of one sheet旋转双叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of two sheets柱面cylindrical surface ,cylinder圆柱面cylindrical surface准线directrix抛物柱面parabolic cylinder二次曲面quadric surface椭圆锥面dlliptic cone椭球面ellipsoid单叶双曲面hyperboloid of one sheet双叶双曲面hyperboloid of two sheets旋转椭球面ellipsoid of revolution椭圆抛物面elliptic paraboloid旋转抛物面paraboloid of revolution双曲抛物面hyperbolic paraboloid马鞍面saddle surface椭圆柱面elliptic cylinder双曲柱面hyperbolic cylinder抛物柱面parabolic cylinder空间曲线space curve空间曲线的一般方程general form equations of a space curve 空间曲线的参数方程parametric equations of a space curve 螺转线spiral螺矩pitch投影柱面projecting cylinder投影projection平面的点法式方程pointnorm form eqyation of a plane法向量normal vector平面的一般方程general form equation of a plane两平面的夹角angle between two planes点到平面的距离distance from a point to a plane空间直线的一般方程general equation of a line in space方向向量direction vector直线的点向式方程pointdirection form equations of a line方向数direction number直线的参数方程parametric equations of a line两直线的夹角angle between two lines垂直perpendicular直线与平面的夹角angle between a line and a planes平面束pencil of planes平面束的方程equation of a pencil of planes行列式determinant系数行列式coefficient determinant第八章多元函数微分法及其应用Chapter8 Differentiation of Functions of Several Variables and Its Application 一元函数function of one variable多元函数function of several variables内点interior point外点exterior point边界点frontier point,boundary point聚点point of accumulation开集openset闭集closed set连通集connected set开区域open region闭区域closed region有界集bounded set无界集unbounded setn维空间n-dimentional space二重极限double limit多元函数的连续性continuity of function of seveal连续函数continuous function不连续点discontinuity point一致连续uniformly continuous偏导数partial derivative对自变量x的偏导数partial derivative with respect to independent variable x高阶偏导数partial derivative of higher order二阶偏导数second order partial derivative混合偏导数hybrid partial derivative全微分total differential偏增量oartial increment偏微分partial differential全增量total increment可微分differentiable必要条件necessary condition充分条件sufficient condition叠加原理superpostition principle全导数total derivative中间变量intermediate variable隐函数存在定理theorem of the existence of implicit function 曲线的切向量tangent vector of a curve法平面normal plane向量方程vector equation向量值函数vector-valued function切平面tangent plane法线normal line方向导数directional derivative梯度gradient数量场scalar field梯度场gradient field向量场vector field势场potential field引力场gravitational field引力势gravitational potential曲面在一点的切平面tangent plane to a surface at a point曲线在一点的法线normal line to a surface at a point无条件极值unconditional extreme values条件极值conditional extreme values拉格朗日乘数法Lagrange multiplier method拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier经验公式empirical formula最小二乘法method of least squares均方误差mean square error第九章重积分Chapter9 Multiple Integrals二重积分double integral可加性additivity累次积分iterated integral体积元素volume element三重积分triple integral直角坐标系中的体积元素volume element in rectangular coordinate system 柱面坐标cylindrical coordinates柱面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in cylindrical coordinate system 球面坐标spherical coordinates球面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in spherical coordinate system 反常二重积分improper double integral 曲面的面积area of a surface质心centre of mass静矩static moment密度density形心centroid转动惯量moment of inertia参变量parametric variable第十章曲线积分与曲面积分Chapter10 Line(Curve)Integrals and Surface Integrals对弧长的曲线积分line integrals with respect to arc hength第一类曲线积分line integrals of the first type对坐标的曲线积分line integrals with respect to x,y,and z第二类曲线积分line integrals of the second type有向曲线弧directed arc单连通区域simple connected region复连通区域complex connected region格林公式Green formula第一类曲面积分surface integrals of the first type对面的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to area有向曲面directed surface对坐标的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to coordinate elements第二类曲面积分surface integrals of the second type有向曲面元element of directed surface高斯公式gauss formula拉普拉斯算子Laplace operator格林第一公式Green’s first formula通量flux散度divergence斯托克斯公式Stokes formula环流量circulation旋度rotation,curl第十一章无穷级数Chapter11 Infinite Series一般项general term部分和partial sum余项remainder term等比级数geometric series几何级数geometric series公比common ratio调和级数harmonic series柯西收敛准则Cauchy convergence criteria, Cauchy criteria for convergence 正项级数series of positive terms达朗贝尔判别法D’Alembert test柯西判别法Cauchy test交错级数alternating series绝对收敛absolutely convergent条件收敛conditionally convergent柯西乘积Cauchy product函数项级数series of functions发散点point of divergence收敛点point of convergence收敛域convergence domain和函数sum function幂级数power series幂级数的系数coeffcients of power series阿贝尔定理Abel Theorem收敛半径radius of convergence收敛区间interval of convergence泰勒级数Taylor series麦克劳林级数Maclaurin series二项展开式binomial expansion近似计算approximate calculation舍入误差round-off error,rounding error欧拉公式Euler’s formula魏尔斯特拉丝判别法Weierstrass test三角级数trigonometric series振幅amplitude角频率angular frequency初相initial phase矩形波square wave谐波分析harmonic analysis直流分量direct component基波fundamental wave二次谐波second harmonic三角函数系trigonometric function system傅立叶系数Fourier coefficient傅立叶级数Forrier series周期延拓periodic prolongation正弦级数sine series余弦级数cosine series奇延拓odd prolongation偶延拓even prolongation傅立叶级数的复数形式complex form of Fourier series第十二章微分方程Chapter12 Differential Equation解微分方程solve a dirrerential equation常微分方程ordinary differential equation偏微分方程partial differential equation,PDE微分方程的阶order of a differential equation微分方程的解solution of a differential equation微分方程的通解general solution of a differential equation初始条件initial condition微分方程的特解particular solution of a differential equation 初值问题initial value problem微分方程的积分曲线integral curve of a differential equation 可分离变量的微分方程variable separable differential equation 隐式解implicit solution隐式通解inplicit general solution衰变系数decay coefficient衰变decay齐次方程homogeneous equation一阶线性方程linear differential equation of first order非齐次non-homogeneous齐次线性方程homogeneous linear equation非齐次线性方程non-homogeneous linear equation常数变易法method of variation of constant暂态电流transient stata current稳态电流steady state current伯努利方程Bernoulli equation全微分方程total differential equation积分因子integrating factor高阶微分方程differential equation of higher order悬链线catenary高阶线性微分方程linera differential equation of higher order 自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration强迫振动的微分方程differential equation of forced oscillation 串联电路的振荡方程oscillation equation of series circuit二阶线性微分方程second order linera differential equation线性相关linearly dependence线性无关linearly independce二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneourlinear differential equation with constant coefficient二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with variable coefficient特征方程characteristic equation无阻尼自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration with zero damping固有频率natural frequency简谐振动simple harmonic oscillation,simple harmonic vibration微分算子differential operator待定系数法method of undetermined coefficient共振现象resonance phenomenon欧拉方程Euler equation幂级数解法power series solution数值解法numerial solution勒让德方程Legendre equation微分方程组system of differential equations常系数线性微分方程组system of linera differential equations with constant coefficient线性代数Aadjont(adjugate) of matrix A A 的伴随矩阵augmented matrix A 的增广矩阵Bblock diagonal matrix 块对角矩阵block matrix 块矩阵basic solution set 基础解系CCauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西-许瓦兹不等式characteristic equation 特征方程characteristic polynomial 特征多项式coffcient matrix 系数矩阵cofactor 代数余子式cofactor expansion 代数余子式展开column vector 列向量commuting matrices 交换矩阵consistent linear system 相容线性方程组Cramer’s rule 克莱姆法则Cross- product term 交叉项DDeterminant 行列式Diagonal entries 对角元素Diagonal matrix 对角矩阵Dimension of a vector space V 向量空间V的维数Eechelon matrix 梯形矩阵eigenspace 特征空间eigenvalue 特征值eigenvector 特征向量eigenvector basis 特征向量的基elementary matrix 初等矩阵elementary row operations 行初等变换Ffull rank 满秩fundermental set of solution 基础解系G[center]grneral solution 通解Gram-Schmidt process 施密特正交化过程Hhomogeneous linear equations 齐次线性方程组Iidentity matrix 单位矩阵inconsistent linear system 不相容线性方程组indefinite matrix 不定矩阵indefinit quatratic form 不定二次型infinite-dimensional space 无限维空间inner product 内积inverse of matrix A 逆矩阵Llinear combination 线性组合linearly dependent 线性相关linearly independent 线性无关linear transformation 线性变换lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵Mmain diagonal of matrix A 矩阵的主对角matrix 矩阵[center]negative definite quaratic form 负定二次型negative semidefinite quadratic form 半负定二次型nonhomogeneous equations 非齐次线性方程组nonsigular matrix 非奇异矩阵nontrivial solution 非平凡解norm of vector V 向量V的范数normalizing vector V 规范化向量Oorthogonal basis 正交基orthogonal complement 正交补orthogonal decomposition 正交分解orthogonally diagonalizable matrix 矩阵的正交对角化orthogonal matrix 正交矩阵orthogonal set 正交向量组orthonormal basis 规范正交基orthonomal set 规范正交向量组[b]Ppartitioned matrix 分块矩阵positive definite matrix 正定矩阵positive definite quatratic form 正定二次型positive semidefinite matrix 半正定矩阵positive semidefinite quadratic form 半正定二次型Qquatratic form 二次型[center]R[/center]rank of matrix A 矩阵A的秩r(A) reduced echelon matrix 最简梯形阵row vector 行向量Sset spanned by { } 由向量{ }所生成similar matrices 相似矩阵similarity transformation 相似变换singular matrix 奇异矩阵solution set 解集合standard basis 标准基standard matrix 标准矩阵Isubmatrix 子矩阵subspace 子空间symmetric matrix 对称矩阵Ttrace of matrix A 矩阵A 的迹tr(A)transpose of A 矩阵A的转秩triangle inequlity 三角不等式trivial solution 平凡解Uunit vector 单位向量upper triangular matrix 上三角形矩阵Vvandermonde matrix 范得蒙矩阵vector 向量vector space 向量空间Zzero subspace 零子空间zero vector 零空间（本文已被浏览133 次）概率统计概率论与数理统计词汇英汉对照表Aabsolute value 绝对值accept 接受acceptable region 接受域additivity 可加性adjusted 调整的alternative hypothesis 对立假设analysis 分析analysis of covariance 协方差分析analysis of variance 方差分析arithmetic mean 算术平均值association 相关性assumption 假设assumption checking 假设检验availability 有效度average 均值Bbalanced 平衡的band 带宽bar chart 条形图beta-distribution 贝塔分布between groups 组间的bias 偏倚binomial distribution 二项分布binomial test 二项检验Ccalculate 计算case 个案category 类别center of gravity 重心central tendency 中心趋势chi-square distribution 卡方分布chi-square test 卡方检验classify 分类cluster analysis 聚类分析coefficient 系数coefficient of correlation 相关系数collinearity 共线性column 列compare 比较comparison 对照components 构成，分量compound 复合的confidence interval 置信区间consistency 一致性constant 常数continuous variable 连续变量control charts 控制图correlation 相关covariance 协方差covariance matrix 协方差矩阵critical point 临界点critical value 临界值crosstab 列联表cubic 三次的，立方的cubic term 三次项cumulative distribution function 累加分布函数curve estimation 曲线估计Ddata 数据default 默认的definition 定义deleted residual 剔除残差density function 密度函数dependent variable 因变量description 描述design of experiment 试验设计deviations 差异df.(degree of freedom) 自由度diagnostic 诊断dimension 维discrete variable 离散变量discriminant function 判别函数discriminatory analysis 判别分析distance 距离distribution 分布D-optimal design D-优化设计Eeaqual 相等effects of interaction 交互效应efficiency 有效性eigenvalue 特征值equal size 等含量equation 方程error 误差。
关于数学的英文词汇
关于数学的英文词汇一、基础数学运算相关词汇。
1. add（动词）[æd]- 释义：加，增加。
例如：Add 2 and 3.（把2和3相加。
）2. subtract（动词）[səbˈtrækt]- 释义：减，减去。
例如：Subtract 5 from 8.（从8中减去5。
）3. multiply（动词）[ˈmʌltɪplaɪ]- 释义：乘，使相乘。
例如：Multiply 4 by 3.（4乘以3。
）4. divide（动词）[dɪˈvaɪd]- 释义：除，划分。
例如：Divide 10 by 2.（10除以2。
）5. sum（名词）[sʌm]- 释义：总和，总数。
例如：The sum of 3 and 4 is 7.（3和4的总和是7。
）6. difference（名词）[ˈdɪfrəns]- 释义：差，差额。
例如：The difference between 8 and 3 is 5.（8和3之间的差额是5。
）7. product（名词）[ˈprɒdʌkt]- 释义：乘积。
例如：The product of 2 and 5 is 10.（2和5的乘积是10。
）8. quotient（名词）[ˈkwəʊʃnt]- 释义：商。
例如：When 10 is divided by 2, the quotient is 5.（当10被2除时，商是5。
）二、数字相关词汇。
1. zero（名词）[ˈzɪərəʊ] - 释义：零。
2. one（名词）[wʌn]- 释义：一。
3. two（名词）[tuː]- 释义：二。
4. three（名词）[θriː]- 释义：三。
5. four（名词）[fɔː(r)]- 释义：四。
6. five（名词）[faɪv]- 释义：五。
7. six（名词）[sɪks]- 释义：六。
8. seven（名词）[ˈsevn]- 释义：七。
9. eight（名词）[eɪt]- 释义：八。
数学专业词汇
数学专业词汇1. real a. 实数的2. complex a.复的3. integer n.整数4.constant n.常数5.fraction n.分数6.equal v.等于7. be equal to 等于8. image number n虚数9.plus p.加a.正的n.正号add v. 加addition n. 加，加法10.minus p.减a. 负的n.减号subtract v.减subtraction n. 减，减法11.time/ multiply v.乘multiplication n.12.divide v.除division n.除法13.sum n.和14.power n.幂，次幂15.square n.平方16.cube n.立方17.root n. 根18.approximately adv.近似地19.identical a.完全相同的20.set n.集合v.令21.subset n.子集proper a. 真的proper subset 真子集22.element n. 元素23.belong v.属于24.contian v.包含25.intersection n.交集26.union n.并集27.vector n. 向量28.matrix n. 矩阵pl. matrices /matrixes29.product n.积inner product n. 内积30.transpose n.转置31.space n.空间32.norm n.范数33.inverse n.反，逆a.逆的circular a. 圆的，圆形的inverse function 反函数inverse circular function 反三角函数34.dimension n.维数dimensional a.维数的tree-dimensional space 三维空间35.function n. 函数functional a.泛函的; 函数的36. element n. 元素elementary a.初等的37. exponent n. 指数exponential a.指数的38.logarithm n.对数39.trigonometric a. 三角的40.base n.底41.variable n.变量42.value n. 值43.domain n. 定义域44. range n. 值域45.limit n. 极限46.approach/ tend to v. 趋近于47.infinity n.无限,无穷infinite a.无穷的48. sequence n.数列，序列49. derivative n.导数50. integral n.积分51. definite a.明确的indefinite a.不确定的52.double a.双的，二次的53.triple a.三重的三倍的54.with respect to 关于55. equation n.式子，等式56. rational a.有理数的irrational a. 无理数的57. cap n.交，交运算58. cup n. 并，并运算59. prove v. 证明proof n. 证明60. condition n.条件词汇（二）1 arithmetic a.算术的n.算术2 algebra n. 代数学，代数algebraic a. 代数的3 apply v. 运用，应用applied mathematics 应用数学application n.应用4 formula n. 公式5 precede v 在…之前preceding a.在…之前的6 original equation 原方程7 imaginary a. 虚数的pure imaginary number 纯虚数8 equilateral a.等边的9 triangle n.三角形10 differential a.微分的n.微分differential equation 微分方程differential and integral calculus 微积分differentiable a.可微的11 conclusion n. 结论12 optimization n. 最优化13 tremendous a.极大的，极多的14 calculation n. 计算calculate v. 计算calculus n.微积分学，演算15 quotient n.商16 strait line 直线17 perpendicular a.垂直的18 plane n.平面19 sign n.符号20 symbol n. 标志，符号21 throughout prep. 从头到尾throughout this paper22 statement n. 叙述，陈述23 theorem / theory n.定理24 lemma n. 引理25 as follows 如下27 obtuse a.钝角的obtuse angle 钝角28 precisely adv.精确地29 concept / definition n.概念，定义30 compare with 与…比较31 output n.产量32 increase /decrease v.增加/减少33 identity n.恒等式34 algorithm n.算法35 pose v.提出pose problem 提出问题36 solve v. 解决37 Newton-Leibniz formula 牛顿-莱布尼茨公式38 Cauchy inequality 柯西不等式Cauchy mean value theorem 柯西中值定理39 Poison Formula 泊松公式40 Hilbert 希尔伯特41 It should be noted that 应当指出42 suppose / let /set / assume 假设/令43 such that 使得44 according to /by 由… , 根据…45 sufficient and necessary condition 充分必要条件46 if and only if / when and only when 当且仅当47 any a. 任意的48 known a. 已知的49 required a. 要求的50 given a. 给定的51 conjecture n. 猜想53 existence of solutions 解的存在性54 integrable a.可积分的integrate v 积分55 determinant n.行列式56 by/ according to 由于，根据57 contrary a.相反的，逆的58 contradict v. 矛盾contradiction n.矛盾59 converge v. 收敛convergent a.收敛的60 interval n 区间open intervalclosed interval61 real-valued function 实值函数62 term n.项63 unique a. 唯一的Uniqueness n.唯一性64 bound n.界bounded a.有界的词汇（三）3 parameter n. 参数4 It is known that…熟知12 title n. 题目15 main results n.主要结论18 critical point n.临界点20 functional n. 泛函21 generalized a. 推广的22 notion n. 概念24 multiple a. 多个25 elliptic a. 椭圆的26 by making use of 利用（…的方法）27 asymptotic a.渐近asymptotic behavior 渐近性质28 normal university 师范大学29 mathematical course n.数学课程31 factor n. 因素32 exploration and practice 探索和实践33 present state 现状34 elementary and secondary school 中小学35 investigate /study v. 研究36 deal with v. 处理，解决37 consider v. 考虑38 property n 性质词汇（三）1 hence/therefore adv.因此2 for details 详情3 deduce v. 推导5 follow/ occur /arrive at 得到It follows ( from (1) that )6 conclude / complete v. 得出结论/ 完成7 arbitrary a. 任意的9. call /say /refer to … as/ term as/ denote v.把…称为，把…记作10 uncountable a. 不可数的11 criterion n. 标准15 transformation n.转换，变换。
与数学有关的词汇
、有关数学运算ad d，plu s 加 subtr act 减 dif feren ce 差 mul tiply, tim es 乘 prod uct 积div ide 除 div isibl e 可被整除的 d ivide d eve nly 被整除div idend被除数，红利d iviso r 因子，除数 qu otien t 商r emain der 余数 f actor ial 阶乘 po wer 乘方 ra dical sign, roo t sig n 根号r oundto 四舍五入 t o the near est 四舍五入2、有关集合union并集 prope r sub set 真子集 s oluti on se t 解集3、有关代数式、方程和不等式alge braic term代数项 like term s, si milar term s 同类项 num erica l coe ffici ent 数字系数 liter al co effic ient字母系数 ine quali ty 不等式 tr iangl e ine quali ty 三角不等式 rang e 值域 ori ginal equa tion原方程 equiv alent equa tion同解方程，等价方程 line ar eq uatio n 线性方程(e.g. 5 x +6=22) 4、有关分数和小数pr operfract ion 真分数 i mprop er fr actio n 假分数mixed numb er 带分数 vu lgarfract ion，c ommon frac tion普通分数 simp le fr actio n 简分数 com plexfract ion 繁分数 numer ator分子 d enomi nator分母 (leas t) co mmondenom inato r （最小）公分母 quar ter 四分之一 decim al fr actio n 纯小数 i nf inite deci mal 无穷小数 recur ringdecim al 循环小数 t enths unit十分位5、基本数学概念arit hmeti c mea n 算术平均值 w eight ed av erage加权平均值 ge ometr ic me an 几何平均数 expo nent指数，幂 base乘幂的底数,底边 cube立方数，立方体 squar e roo t 平方根 cub e roo t 立方根 co mmonlogar ithm常用对数 dig it 数字 con stant常数 varia ble 变量 i nvers e fun ction反函数 comp lemen taryfunct ion 余函数 l inear一次的，线性的 facto rizat ion 因式分解 absol ute v alue绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32 ro und o ff 四舍五入6、有关数论 natur al nu mber自然数 posit ive n umber正数 negat ive n umber负数 odd i ntege r, od d num ber 奇数 ev en in teger, eve n num ber 偶数 in teger, who le nu mber整数p ositi ve wh ole n umber正整数 nega tivewhole numb er 负整数 c onsec utive numb er 连续整数 r eal n umber, rat ional numb er 实数,有理数 irra tiona l（num ber）无理数 inve rse 倒数 co mposi te nu mber合数 pr ime n umber质数re cipro cal 倒数 c ommon divi sor 公约数 m ultip le 倍数 (le ast)c ommon mult iple(最小)公倍数(prim e) fa ctor(质)因子 com mon f actor公因子 ord inary scal e, de cimalscal e 十进制 non negat ive 非负的 tens十位 u nits个位 mode众数m edian中数 comm on ra tio 公比7、数列arit hmeti c pro gress ion(s equen ce) 等差数列 geome tricprogr essio n(seq uence) 等比数列8、单位类cent美分 penny一美分硬币 n ickel 5美分硬币 di me 一角硬币 d ozen打（12个） sc ore 廿(20个) Cen tigra de 摄氏 Fah renhe it 华氏 qua rt 夸脱gal lon 加仑(1 g allon = 4quart) ya rd 码 mete r 米 micro n 微米 inch英寸 foot英尺 m inute分(角度的度量单位，60分=1度) squar e mea sure平方单位制 cub ic me ter 立方米 p int 品脱(干量或液量的单位)9、有关文字叙述题，主要是有关商业i nterc alary year(leap year) 闰年(366天) com mon y ear 平年(365天) d eprec iatio n 折旧 down paym ent 直接付款 disco unt 打折 ma rgin利润 p rofit利润 inter est 利息 si mpleinter est 单利 co mpoun ded i ntere st 复利 div idend红利 decre ase t o 减少到 dec rease by 减少了 i ncrea se to增加到 incr easeby 增加了 de note表示 l ist p rice标价 m arkup涨价 per c apita每人 ratio比率 retai l pri ce 零售价 ti e 打平10、其它a pprox imate近似 (anti)cloc kwise (逆)顺时针方向 car dinal基数 ordin al 序数 dir ect p ropor tion正比 d istin ct 不同的 es timat ion 估计，近似 pare nthes es 括号 pro porti on 比例 per mutat ion 排列 co mbina tion组合 t able表格t rigon ometr ic fu nctio n 三角函数 un it 单位,位。
数学英语词汇
数学英语词汇表[翻译必看]一般词汇数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理axiom定理theorem计算calculation运算operation证明prove假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)命题proposition算术arithmetic加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)被加数augend, summand加数addend和sum减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend减数subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator积product除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数dividend除数divisor商quotient等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to大于is greater than小于is lesser than大于等于is equal or greater than小于等于is equal or lesser than运算符operator数字digit数number自然数natural number整数integer小数decimal小数点decimal point分数fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive负negative零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system二进制binary system十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance进位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入round down上舍入round up有效数字significant digit无效数字insignificant digit代数algebra公式formula, formulae(pl.)单项式monomial多项式polynomial, multinomial系数coefficient未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation二次方程quadratic equation三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation不等式inequation阶乘factorial对数logarithm指数，幂exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction二次方根，平方根square root三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth rootn次方根the root of n, the nth root集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union补集complement映射mapping函数function定义域domain, field of definition 值域range常量constant变量variable单调性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity图象image数列，级数series微积分calculus微分differential导数derivative极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.)无穷小infinitesimal积分integral定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral有理数rational number无理数irrational number实数real number虚数imaginary number复数complex number矩阵matrix行列式determinant几何geometry点point线line面plane体solid线段segment射线radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian锐角acute angle直角right angle钝角obtuse angle平角straight angle周角perigon底base边side高height三角形triangle锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle直角边leg斜边hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagorean theorem钝角三角形obtuse triangle不等边三角形scalene triangle等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle四边形quadrilateral平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle长length宽width菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond 正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形right trapezoid等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五边形pentagon六边形hexagon七边形heptagon八边形octagon九边形enneagon十边形decagon十一边形hendecagon十二边形dodecagon多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon圆circle圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE)半径radius直径diameter圆周率pi弧arc半圆semicircle扇形sector环ring椭圆ellipse圆周circumference周长perimeter面积area轨迹locus, loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面体tetrahedron五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron平行六面体parallelepiped 立方体cube七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron九面体enneahedron十面体decahedron十一面体hendecahedron 十二面体dodecahedron二十面体icosahedron多面体polyhedron棱锥pyramid棱柱prism棱台frustum of a prism旋转rotation轴axis圆锥cone圆柱cylinder圆台frustum of a cone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面积surface area体积volume空间space坐标系coordinates坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate纵坐标y-coordinate原点origin双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola三角trigonometry正弦sine余弦cosine正切tangent余切cotangent正割secant余割cosecant反正弦arc sine反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent反余切arc cotangent反正割arc secant反余割arc cosecant相位phase周期period振幅amplitude内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE)旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE)重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribed circle外切圆circumcircle统计statistics平均数average加权平均数weighted average方差variance标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation 比例propotion百分比percent百分点percentage百分位数percentile排列permutation组合combination概率，或然率probability分布distribution正态分布normal distribution非正态分布abnormal distribution图表graph条形统计图bar graph柱形统计图histogram折线统计图broken line graph曲线统计图curve diagram扇形统计图pie diagramwave equation波动方程tangental equation切线方程quartic equation四次方程式quadratic equation二次方程式magnitude equation【天】星等差linear equation一次方程式irreducible equation不可约方程integral equation积分方程indicial equation【数】指数方程indeterminate equation不定方程数学专业英语Lesson 2Mathematics as a Language of Scienceassert vt. 断言；坚持主张；维护表明qualitative adj. 性质的；定性的quantitative adj. 量的；数量的；定量的；与数量有关的astronomy n. 天文学postulate n. 假定, 基本条件, 基本原理vt. 要求, 假定vi. 要求hypothetical adj. 假设的, 假定的,爱猜想的deduction n.减除, 扣除, 减除额, 推论, 演绎induction n. 归纳；归纳法；归纳所得之结论verification n. 验证；证实correlate vt. 使相互关联vi. 和...相关discard vt. 丢弃, 抛弃v. 放弃discredit n. 不信任；失信consistent adj. 一致的, 调和的, 坚固的, [数、统]相容的inadequacy n. 不充分,不适当,不适合,不足额conic, conical adj 圆锥的；圆锥形的ellipse n. 椭圆, 椭圆形ellipt (n.)hyperbolic adj. 双曲线的hyperbola (n.)parabolic adj. 用寓言表达的: 抛物线的，像抛物线的parabola (n.) algebraic adj. 代数的, 关于代数学的mineralogy n. 矿物学refraction n. 折光, 折射stimulus n. 刺激物, 促进因素, 刺激, 刺激impetus n. 冲力推动力；刺激Lesson 3Axioms, definitions and Theoremsaxiom n. [数]公理definition n. 阐明；确定定义；界说extravagant adj. 奢侈的, 浪费的, 过分的, 放纵的collinear adj. 在同一直线上的, 同线的convex adj. 凸出的；凸面的segment n. 部分；片段；节, 弓形；圆缺；弧形, 线段conswquently adv. 从而, 因此in terms of adv. 根据, 按照, 用...的话, 在...方面pretense n. 主张, 要求, 伪称, 借口, 自称Lesson 4Geometry and Geometrical termsterm n. 学期, 期限, 期间, 条款, 条件, 术语triangle n. [数]三角形, 三人一组, 三角关系parallelogram n. 平行四边形straight angle n. [数]平角right angle n. 直角acute angle n. 锐角obtuse angle n. 钝角reflex angle n. 优角rectilinear adj 直线的；由直线组成的；循直线进行的isosceles triangle n. 等腰三角形equilateral triangle n. 等边三角形right triangle n. 直角三角形obtuse triangle n. 钝角三角形acute triangle n. 锐角三角形equiangular triangle n. 正三角形,等角三角形hypotenuse n. （直角三角形的）斜边circle 圆center 中心；中央；圆心diameter n. 直径radius n. 半径, 范围, 辐射光线, 有效航程, 范围, 界限circumference n. 圆周, 周围Lesson 5The Method of Limitslimit n. 限度,极限,极点infinite adj. 无限的；无穷的infinitesimal adj. 无穷小的, 极小的, 无限小的calculus n. 微积分学, 结石exemplify vt. 例证, 例示, 作为...例子inscribe v. 记下polygon n. [数]多角形, 多边形diminish v. (使)减少, (使)变小curvilinear adj 曲线的, 由曲线组成的intuition n. 直觉, 直觉的知识integral n. [数学] 积分, 完整, 部分defective adj. 有缺陷的, (智商或行为有)欠缺的differential coefficient 微分系数arithmetical adj. 算术的, 算术上的convergence n. 集中, 收敛criterion n. (批评判断的)标准, 准据, 规范sequence n. 次序, 顺序, 序列irrational numbers n. [数]无理数domain ，定义域contradiction 矛盾reversal n. 颠倒, 反转, 反向, 逆转, 撤销Lesson 6Functioncontinuous variable 连续变量;［连续变数］variation 变分, 变化interval 区间independent variable 自变量dependent variable 应变量rectangular coordinate 直角坐标abscissa n. 〈数〉横坐标ordinate n. [数]纵线, 纵座标gradient adj. 倾斜的 n. 梯度, 倾斜度, 坡度slope n. 斜坡, 斜面, 倾斜v. (使)顺斜Lesson 7Differential and Integral calculusdifferential adj. 微分的 n. 微分(differentiation)Integral n. [数学] 积分, 完整, 部分(integration)calculus n. 微积分学, 结石interrelation n. 相互关系trigonometry n. 三角法exponential adj. 指数的, 幂数的logarithm n. [数] 对数derivative n. 导数；微商tangent n. 切线, [数]正切counterclockwise adj. 反时针方向的 adv. 反时针方向(clockwise) definite integral 定积分approximation n. 接近, 走近, [数]近似值culminate v. 达到顶点mean n. 平均数, 中间, 中庸differential equation 微分方程extreme value n. 极值multiple integral 多重积分double integralline integralfunctional analysis 泛函分析Lesson 8 The Concept of Cardinal Number (I)cardinal number n. 基数（如：1, 2, 3, ... 有别于序数）denumerable adj. 可数的aggregate n. 合计, 总计, 集合体adj. 合计的, 集合的, 聚合的v. 聚集, 集合, 合计purport n. 主旨v. 声称fancier n. 空想家, 培育动物(或植物)的行家, 爱好者sniff v. 用力吸, 嗅, 闻到, 发觉, 轻视, 用力吸气n. 吸, 闻, 吸气声, 嗤之以鼻scheme n. 安排, 配置, 计划, 阴谋, 方案, 图解, 摘要v. 计划, 设计, 图谋, 策划, * n.（计算数学）方法，格式superior n. 长者, 高手, 上级adj. 较高的, 上级的, 上好的, 出众的, 高傲的cumbersome adj. 讨厌的, 麻烦的, 笨重的instruction n. 指示, 用法说明(书), 教育, 指导, 指令drastically adv. 激烈地, 彻底地conservation 守衡律quadrature n. 求积, 求积分interpolation n. 插值extrapolation n. [数]外推法, 推断internal point 内点identical adj. 同一的, 同样的generalized solution 广义解functional 泛函hydrodynamics 流体力学，水动力学divergence 发散（性），梯度，发散量play an important (fundamental ... ) role 起着重要的（...）作用integro-interpolation method 积分插值法Variational method 变分方法comparatively adv. 比较地, 相当地deficiency n. 缺乏, 不足fictive adj. 虚构的, 想象上的, 虚伪的self-adjoint (nonself-adjoint) 自治的，自伴的，自共轭的finite element method 有限元法spline approximation 样条逼近Particles-in-the-Cell 网格质点法herald n. 使者, 传令官, 通报者, 先驱, 预兆vt. 预报, 宣布, 传达, 欢呼advection n. 水平对流phenomenological adj. 现象学的, 现象的fluctuation n. 波动, 起伏optimism n. 乐观, 乐观主义pessimism n. 悲观, 悲观主义unjustified adj 未被证明其正确的mean-square 均方dispersion n. [数] 离差, 差量Polynomial n adj. [数]多项式的interpolation 插值arithmetic n. 算术, 算法rounding errors 舍入误差multiple n. 倍数, 若干subjective adj. 主观的, 个人的objective adj. 客观的,outcome n. 结果, 成果pattern n. 样品toss v. 投, 掷exhaust vt. 用尽, 耗尽, 抽完, 使精疲力尽divisible adj. 可分的dice, die n. 骰子assign vt. 分配, 指派attach vt. 缚上, 系上, 贴上v. 配属, 隶属于pitfall n. 缺陷chairperson 主席mechanics n. (用作单数)机械学、力学, (用作复数)技巧, 结构statics n. [物]静力学dynamics n. 动力学adequately adv. 充分地celestial adj. 天上的macroscopic adj. 肉眼可见的, 巨观的classical field theory 经典场理论rigit adj. 刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的elastic adj. 弹性的plastic n. 可塑的,塑性的,塑料的quantum n. 量, 额, [物] 量子, 量子论inception n. 起初, 获得学位pertain v. 适合, 属于gravitation n. 地心吸力, 引力作用tide n. 潮, 潮汐, 潮流, 趋势monumental adj. 纪念碑的, 纪念物的, 不朽的, 非常的encompass v. 包围, 环绕, 包含或包括某事物ingredient n. 成分, 因素acquainted adj. 有知识的, 知晓的synonymous adj. 同义的configuration n. 构造, 结构, 配置, 外形reference n. 提及, 涉及, 参考, 参考书目inertia n. 惯性, 惯量attribute 特性momentum n. 动量proportional adj. 比例的, 成比例的, 相称的, 均衡的designate 指明negligible adj. 可以忽略的, 不予重视的projectile n. 射弹adj. 发射的ballistics n. 弹道学, 发射学intractable adj. 难处理的{Mechanics of a Particlein consequence of adv. 由于的...缘故exert vt. 尽(力), 施加(压力等), 努力v. 发挥, 竭尽全力, 尽galaxy n. 星系, 银河, 一群显赫的人, 一系列光彩夺目的东furnish vt. 供应, 提供, 装备, 布置v. 供给torque n. 扭矩, 转矩moment 力矩的friction 摩擦dissipation n. 消散, 分散, 挥霍, 浪费, 消遣, 放荡, 狂饮infer v. 推断Hooke s Law and Its Consequenceselasticity n. 弹力, 弹性constitutive adj. 构成的, 制定的atomistic adj. 原子论的crack n. 裂缝, 噼啪声v. (使)破裂, 裂纹, (使)爆裂continuum mechanics n. 连续介质力学superposition n. 重叠, 重合, 叠合strain n. 过度的疲劳, 紧张, 张力, 应变vt. 扭伤, 损伤v. 拉紧, 扯紧, (使)紧张, 尽力thermodynamics n. [物] 热力学reckon vt. 计算, 总计, 估计, 猜想vi. 数, 计算, 估计, 依赖, 料想lesson 20strength 强度load 载荷empirical 以经验为依据的member 构件isolated 孤立的segment 部分、段、节stress 应力strain 应变tension 拉伸shear 剪切bend 弯曲torsion 扭转、扭力insofar 在……范围cohesive 内聚性的tensile 拉力、张力stiffness 硬度furnish 供给Lesson 23 Fluid Mechanicseruption 喷发、爆发turbulent 湍流laminar 层流isothermal 等温isotropic 各向同性prevalent 普遍的、流行的tornado 旋风、飓风eddy 旋涡viscosity 粘性、粘度nonviscous 无粘性的rotation 旋转adiabatic 绝热的reversible 可逆的isentropic 等熵的instant 瞬时的streamline 流线stream tube 流管tangential 切线的incompressible 不可压缩的resultant 合成的,组合的downstream 下游的,顺流的elbow 弯管,肘similitude 相似性hydraulic 水力的,水力学的predominante 占主导地位spillway (河或水坝的)放水道,泄洪道prototype 原型,样板Lesson 24 Mechanical Vibration repetitive 重复的,反复的periodic 周期的,定期的tidal 潮的,像潮的stationary 固定的,不动的vibratory 振动的,摆动的propagation 传播couple v .连接,连合acoustic 听觉的,声学的annoyance 烦恼,困惑adjacent 接近的,邻近的damp 阻尼,衰减restore 复职,归还neutral 平衡exciting force 激励力resonant adj. 共振的,谐振的stiffness 刚度,刚性proportionality 成比例地inclusion 包含,包括magnitude 数值,大小substantially adv. 实质上的perturb 干扰,扰乱resonance n. 共振vibratory adj. 振动的, 可知的perceptible 可见的,可知的adudible 听得见的,可闻的foregoing 前述的impulsive 冲击的shock 冲击Fourier series 傅里叶级数excitation 激发,激励discrete 分离,离散的contend with 向…作斗争compressor 压气机fatigue 疲劳perceptible 可见的,可知觉的shredder 切菜器disposal 处理urban 都市的metropolitan 大都市的at-grade 在同一水平面上elevated 高架的guideway 导轨Lesson 25 A prefect to the Continuum Mechanics preface 序言continuum连续pl. continuuarigid body 刚体contemporary 当代的,同时期的widespread 分布广的, 普及的accommodate 容纳,使适应medium 介质plasticity 塑性residual 剩余的,残留的creep 蠕变,爬行,塑性变形aging 老化polymeric聚合(物)的sandy 沙的,沙质的aubterranean 地下的,隐藏的essence 精髓,本质thermodynamics 热力学self-similar 自相似expedient 方便的sonsolidate 把…联合为一体,统一justify 证明…有理radically 根本地,本质上deliberate 从容不迫的,深思熟虑Lesson 33 what is a computerAttribute v. 赋予medieval 中世纪的astronomer 天文学家Mars 火星resemble vt. 像,相似tedious adj. 冗长乏味的pulp 浆状物,果肉filter vt.过滤underlying adj. 潜在的, 基本的ore n. 矿沙,矿石perceive v. 察觉,看见intervention n. 干涉,插入intelligent adj. 有智力的,聪明的Lesson 34 A computer systemmanipulate vt. 操纵,使用chip n. 芯片etch vt. 蚀刻,蚀镂fingernail 指甲mount vt. 安装,安置assemble vt. 集合,聚集cabinet 橱柜execute vt. 执行,实现paycheck n.支付薪金的支票bar chart 直方图joystick 游戏杆encounter vt. 遇到,遇上Mathematical Modelingindustry n. 工业, 产业, 行业, 勤奋commerce n. 商业complexity n. 复杂(性), 复杂的事物, 复杂性career n. (原意:道路, 轨道)事业, 生涯, 速度outset n. 开端, 开始essence n. 基本, [哲]本质, 香精advocation n. (=advocacy)拥护支持provision n. 供应, (一批)供应品, 预备, 防备, 规定publicize v. 宣扬roundabout adj. 迂回的, 转弯抹角的n. 道路交叉处的环形路, 迂回路线, 兜圈子的话trial-error vt. n. 试制, 试生产maneuverability n. 可操作性, 机动性vehicle n. 交通工具, 车辆, 媒介物, 传达手段junction n. 连接, 接合, 交叉点, 汇合处ponder v. 沉思, 考虑contrive v. 发明, 设计, 图谋snooker n. (=snooker pool)彩色台球, 桌球context n. 上下文, 文章的前后关系deviation n. 背离notoriously adj. 声名狼籍的。
数学英文词汇大全
数学英文词汇大全微积分第一章函数与极限Chapter1 Function and Limit集合set元素element子集subset空集empty set并集union交集intersection差集difference of set基本集basic set补集complement set直积direct product笛卡儿积Cartesian product开区间open interval闭区间closed interval半开区间half open interval有限区间finite interval区间的长度length of an interval无限区间infinite interval领域neighborhood领域的中心centre of a neighborhood领域的半径radius of a neighborhood 左领域left neighborhood右领域right neighborhood映射mappingX到Y的映射mapping of X ontoY 满射surjection单射injection一一映射one-to-one mapping双射bijection算子operator变化transformation函数function逆映射inverse mapping复合映射composite mapping自变量independent variable因变量dependent variable定义域domain函数值value of function函数关系function relation值域range自然定义域natural domain单值函数single valued function周期period反函数inverse function直接函数direct function复合函数composite function中间变量intermediate variable函数的运算operation of function基本初等函数basic elementary function 初等函数elementary function幂函数power function指数函数exponential function对数函数logarithmic function三角函数trigonometric function反三角函数inverse trigonometric function 常数函数constant function双曲函数hyperbolic function双曲正弦hyperbolic sine双曲余弦hyperbolic cosine双曲正切hyperbolic tangent反双曲正弦inverse hyperbolic sine反双曲余弦inverse hyperbolic cosine反双曲正切inverse hyperbolic tangent极限limit数列sequence of number收敛convergence收敛于 a converge to a发散divergent极限的唯一性uniqueness of limits收敛数列的有界性boundedness of a convergent sequence子列subsequence函数的极限limits of functions函数当x趋于x0时的极限limit of functions as x approaches x0左极限left limit右极限right limit单侧极限one-sided limits水平渐近线horizontal asymptote无穷小infinitesimal无穷大infinity铅直渐近线vertical asymptote夹逼准则squeeze rule单调数列monotonic sequence高阶无穷小infinitesimal of higher order低阶无穷小infinitesimal of lower order同阶无穷小infinitesimal of the same order--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2 高等数学-翻译等阶无穷小equivalent infinitesimal函数的连续性continuity of a function增量increment函数在x0连续the function is continuous at x0 左连续left continuous右连续right continuous区间上的连续函数continuous function函数在该区间上连续function is continuous on an interval不连续点discontinuity point第一类间断点discontinuity point of the first kind第二类间断点discontinuity point of the second kind初等函数的连续性continuity of the elementary functions定义区间defined interval最大值global maximum value (absolute maximum)最小值global minimum value (absolute minimum)零点定理the zero point theorem介值定理intermediate value theorem第二章导数与微分Chapter2 Derivative and Differential速度velocity匀速运动uniform motion平均速度average velocity瞬时速度instantaneous velocity圆的切线tangent line of a circle切线tangent line切线的斜率slope of the tangent line位置函数position function导数derivative可导derivable函数的变化率问题problem of the change rate of a function导函数derived function左导数left-hand derivative右导数right-hand derivative单侧导数one-sided derivatives在闭区间【a,b】上可导is derivable on the closed interval [a,b]切线方程tangent equation角速度angular velocity成本函数cost function边际成本marginal cost链式法则chain rule隐函数implicit function显函数explicit function二阶函数second derivative三阶导数third derivative高阶导数nth derivative莱布尼茨公式Leibniz formula对数求导法log- derivative参数方程parametric equation相关变化率correlative change rata微分differential可微的differentiable函数的微分differential of function自变量的微分differential of independent variable微商differential quotient间接测量误差indirect measurement error绝对误差absolute error相对误差relative error第三章微分中值定理与导数的应用Chapter3 MeanValue Theorem of Differentials and the Application of Derivatives罗马定理Rolle’s theorem费马引理Fermat’s lemma拉格朗日中值定理Lagrange’s mean value theorem驻点stationary point稳定点stable point临界点critical point辅助函数auxiliary function拉格朗日中值公式Lagrange’s mean value formula柯西中值定理Cauchy’s mean value theorem洛必达法则L’Hospital’s Rule0/0型不定式indeterminate form of type 0/0不定式indeterminate form泰勒中值定理Taylor’s mean value theorem 泰勒公式Taylor formula余项remainder term拉格朗日余项Lagrange remainder term麦克劳林公式Maclaurin’s formula佩亚诺公式Peano remainder term凹凸性concavity凹向上的concave upward, cancave up凹向下的，向上凸的concave downward’concave down拐点inflection point函数的极值extremum of function极大值local(relative) maximum最大值global(absolute) mximum极小值local(relative) minimum最小值global(absolute) minimum目标函数objective function曲率curvature弧微分arc differential平均曲率average curvature曲率园circle of curvature曲率中心center of curvature曲率半径radius of curvature渐屈线evolute渐伸线involute根的隔离isolation of root隔离区间isolation interval切线法tangent line method第四章不定积分Chapter4 Indefinite Integrals原函数primitive function(antiderivative)积分号sign of integration被积函数integrand积分变量integral variable积分曲线integral curve积分表table of integrals换元积分法integration by substitution分部积分法integration by parts分部积分公式formula of integration by parts 有理函数rational function真分式proper fraction假分式improper fraction第五章定积分Chapter5 Definite Integrals曲边梯形trapezoid with曲边curve edge窄矩形narrow rectangle曲边梯形的面积area of trapezoid with curved edge积分下限lower limit of integral积分上限upper limit of integral积分区间integral interval分割partition积分和integral sum可积integrable矩形法rectangle method积分中值定理mean value theorem of integrals 函数在区间上的平均值average value of a function on an integvals牛顿－莱布尼茨公式Newton-Leibniz formula 微积分基本公式fundamental formula ofcalculus换元公式formula for integration by substitution递推公式recurrence formula反常积分improper integral反常积分发散the improper integral is divergent反常积分收敛the improper integral is convergent无穷限的反常积分improper integral on an infinite interval无界函数的反常积分improper integral of unbounded functions绝对收敛absolutely convergent第六章定积分的应用Chapter6 Applications of the Definite Integrals 元素法the element method面积元素element of area平面图形的面积area of a luane figure直角坐标又称“笛卡儿坐标(Cartesian coordinates)”极坐标polar coordinates抛物线parabola椭圆ellipse旋转体的面积volume of a solid of rotation旋转椭球体ellipsoid of revolution, ellipsoid of rotation曲线的弧长arc length of acurve可求长的rectifiable光滑smooth功work水压力water pressure引力gravitation变力variable force第七章空间解析几何与向量代数Chapter7 Space Analytic Geometry and Vector Algebra向量vector自由向量free vector单位向量unit vector零向量zero vector相等equal平行parallel向量的线性运算linear poeration of vector三角法则triangle rule平行四边形法则parallelogram rule交换律commutative law结合律associative law负向量negative vector差difference分配律distributive law空间直角坐标系space rectangular coordinates 坐标面coordinate plane卦限octant向量的模modulus of vector向量a与b的夹角angle between vector a and b 方向余弦direction cosine方向角direction angle向量在轴上的投影projection of a vector onto an axis数量积，外积，叉积scalar product,dot product,inner product曲面方程equation for a surface球面sphere旋转曲面surface of revolution母线generating line轴axis圆锥面cone顶点vertex旋转单叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of one sheet旋转双叶双曲面revolution hyperboloids of two sheets柱面cylindrical surface ,cylinder圆柱面cylindrical surface准线directrix抛物柱面parabolic cylinder二次曲面quadric surface椭圆锥面dlliptic cone椭球面ellipsoid单叶双曲面hyperboloid of one sheet双叶双曲面hyperboloid of two sheets旋转椭球面ellipsoid of revolution椭圆抛物面elliptic paraboloid旋转抛物面paraboloid of revolution双曲抛物面hyperbolic paraboloid马鞍面saddle surface椭圆柱面elliptic cylinder双曲柱面hyperbolic cylinder抛物柱面parabolic cylinder空间曲线space curve空间曲线的一般方程general form equations of a space curve空间曲线的参数方程parametric equations of a space curve螺转线spiral螺矩pitch投影柱面projecting cylinder投影projection平面的点法式方程pointnorm form eqyation of a plane法向量normal vector平面的一般方程general form equation of a plane两平面的夹角angle between two planes点到平面的距离distance from a point to a plane空间直线的一般方程general equation of a linein space方向向量direction vector直线的点向式方程pointdirection form equations of a line方向数direction number直线的参数方程parametric equations of a line 两直线的夹角angle between two lines垂直perpendicular直线与平面的夹角angle between a line and a planes平面束pencil of planes平面束的方程equation of a pencil of planes行列式determinant系数行列式coefficient determinant第八章多元函数微分法及其应用Chapter8 Differentiation of Functions of Several Variables and Its Application一元函数function of one variable多元函数function of several variables内点interior point外点exterior point边界点frontier point,boundary point聚点point of accumulation开集openset闭集closed set连通集connected set开区域open region闭区域closed region有界集bounded set无界集unbounded setn维空间n-dimentional space二重极限double limit多元函数的连续性continuity of function of seveal连续函数continuous function不连续点discontinuity point一致连续uniformly continuous偏导数partial derivative对自变量x的偏导数partial derivative with respect to independent variable x高阶偏导数partial derivative of higher order 二阶偏导数second order partial derivative混合偏导数hybrid partial derivative全微分total differential偏增量oartial increment偏微分partial differential全增量total increment可微分differentiable必要条件necessary condition充分条件sufficient condition叠加原理superpostition principle全导数total derivative中间变量intermediate variable隐函数存在定理theorem of the existence of implicit function曲线的切向量tangent vector of a curve法平面normal plane向量方程vector equation向量值函数vector-valued function切平面tangent plane法线normal line方向导数directional derivative梯度gradient数量场scalar field梯度场gradient field向量场vector field势场potential field引力场gravitational field引力势gravitational potential曲面在一点的切平面tangent plane to a surface at a point曲线在一点的法线normal line to a surface at a point无条件极值unconditional extreme values条件极值conditional extreme values拉格朗日乘数法Lagrange multiplier method拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier经验公式empirical formula最小二乘法method of least squares均方误差mean square error第九章重积分Chapter9 Multiple Integrals二重积分double integral可加性additivity累次积分iterated integral体积元素volume element三重积分triple integral直角坐标系中的体积元素volume element in rectangular coordinate system柱面坐标cylindrical coordinates柱面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in cylindrical coordinate system球面坐标spherical coordinates球面坐标系中的体积元素volume element in spherical coordinate system反常二重积分improper double integral曲面的面积area of a surface质心centre of mass静矩static moment密度density形心centroid转动惯量moment of inertia参变量parametric variable第十章曲线积分与曲面积分Chapter10 Line(Curve)Integrals and Surface Integrals对弧长的曲线积分line integrals with respect to arc hength第一类曲线积分line integrals of the first type 对坐标的曲线积分line integrals with respect to x,y,and z第二类曲线积分line integrals of the second type有向曲线弧directed arc单连通区域simple connected region复连通区域complex connected region格林公式Green formula第一类曲面积分surface integrals of the first type对面的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to area有向曲面directed surface对坐标的曲面积分surface integrals with respect to coordinate elements第二类曲面积分surface integrals of the second type有向曲面元element of directed surface高斯公式gauss formula拉普拉斯算子Laplace operator格林第一公式Green’s first formula通量flux散度divergence斯托克斯公式Stokes formula环流量circulation旋度rotation,curl第十一章无穷级数Chapter11 Infinite Series一般项general term部分和partial sum余项remainder term等比级数geometric series几何级数geometric series公比common ratio调和级数harmonic series柯西收敛准则Cauchy convergence criteria, Cauchy criteria for convergence正项级数series of positive terms达朗贝尔判别法D’Alembert test柯西判别法Cauchy test交错级数alternating series绝对收敛absolutely convergent条件收敛conditionally convergent柯西乘积Cauchy product函数项级数series of functions发散点point of divergence收敛点point of convergence收敛域convergence domain和函数sum function幂级数power series幂级数的系数coeffcients of power series 阿贝尔定理Abel Theorem收敛半径radius of convergence收敛区间interval of convergence泰勒级数Taylor series麦克劳林级数Maclaurin series二项展开式binomial expansion近似计算approximate calculation舍入误差round-off error,rounding error 欧拉公式Euler’s formula魏尔斯特拉丝判别法Weierstrass test三角级数trigonometric series振幅amplitude角频率angular frequency初相initial phase矩形波square wave谐波分析harmonic analysis直流分量direct component基波fundamental wave二次谐波second harmonic三角函数系trigonometric function system傅立叶系数Fourier coefficient傅立叶级数Forrier series周期延拓periodic prolongation正弦级数sine series余弦级数cosine series奇延拓odd prolongation偶延拓even prolongation傅立叶级数的复数形式complex form of Fourier series第十二章微分方程Chapter12 Differential Equation解微分方程solve a dirrerential equation常微分方程ordinary differential equation偏微分方程partial differential equation,PDE 微分方程的阶order of a differential equation 微分方程的解solution of a differential equation 微分方程的通解general solution of a differential equation初始条件initial condition微分方程的特解particular solution of a differential equation初值问题initial value problem微分方程的积分曲线integral curve of a differential equation可分离变量的微分方程variable separable differential equation隐式解implicit solution隐式通解inplicit general solution衰变系数decay coefficient衰变decay齐次方程homogeneous equation一阶线性方程linear differential equation of first order非齐次non-homogeneous齐次线性方程homogeneous linear equation非齐次线性方程non-homogeneous linear equation常数变易法method of variation of constant暂态电流transient stata current稳态电流steady state current伯努利方程Bernoulli equation全微分方程total differential equation积分因子integrating factor高阶微分方程differential equation of higher order悬链线catenary高阶线性微分方程linera differential equation of higher order自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration强迫振动的微分方程differential equation of forced oscillation串联电路的振荡方程oscillation equation of series circuit二阶线性微分方程second order linera differential equation线性相关linearly dependence线性无关linearly independce二阶常系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneour linear differential equation with constant coefficient二阶变系数齐次线性微分方程second order homogeneous linear differential equation with variable coefficient特征方程characteristic equation无阻尼自由振动的微分方程differential equation of free vibration with zero damping固有频率natural frequency简谐振动simple harmonic oscillation,simple harmonic vibration微分算子differential operator待定系数法method of undetermined coefficient 共振现象resonance phenomenon欧拉方程Euler equation幂级数解法power series solution数值解法numerial solution勒让德方程Legendre equation微分方程组system of differential equations常系数线性微分方程组system of linera differential equations with constant coefficient线性代数Aadjont(adjugate) of matrix A A 的伴随矩阵augmented matrix A 的增广矩阵Bblock diagonal matrix 块对角矩阵block matrix 块矩阵basic solution set 基础解系CCauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西-许瓦兹不等式characteristic equation 特征方程characteristic polynomial 特征多项式coffcient matrix 系数矩阵cofactor 代数余子式cofactor expansion 代数余子式展开column vector 列向量commuting matrices 交换矩阵consistent linear system 相容线性方程组Cramer’s rule 克莱姆法则Cross- product term 交叉项DDeterminant行列式Diagonal entries 对角元素Diagonal matrix 对角矩阵Dimension of a vector space V 向量空间V的维数Eechelon matrix 梯形矩阵eigenspace特征空间eigenvalue特征值eigenvector特征向量eigenvector basis 特征向量的基elementary matrix 初等矩阵elementary row operations 行初等变换Ffull rank 满秩fundermental set of solution 基础解系G[center]grneral solution 通解Gram-Schmidt process 施密特正交化过程Hhomogeneous linear equations 齐次线性方程组Iidentity matrix 单位矩阵inconsistent linear system 不相容线性方程组indefinite matrix 不定矩阵indefinit quatratic form 不定二次型infinite-dimensional space 无限维空间inner product 内积inverse of matrix A 逆矩阵Llinear combination 线性组合linearly dependent 线性相关linearly independent 线性无关linear transformation 线性变换lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵Mmain diagonal of matrix A 矩阵的主对角matrix矩阵N[center]negative definite quaratic form 负定二次型negative semidefinite quadratic form 半负定二次型nonhomogeneous equations 非齐次线性方程组nonsigular matrix 非奇异矩阵nontrivial solution 非平凡解norm of vector V 向量V的范数normalizing vector V 规范化向量Oorthogonal basis 正交基orthogonal complement 正交补orthogonal decomposition 正交分解orthogonally diagonalizable matrix 矩阵的正交对角化orthogonal matrix 正交矩阵orthogonal set 正交向量组orthonormal basis 规范正交基orthonomal set 规范正交向量组[b]Ppartitioned matrix 分块矩阵positive definite matrix 正定矩阵positive definite quatratic form 正定二次型positive semidefinite matrix 半正定矩阵positive semidefinite quadratic form 半正定二次型Qquatratic form 二次型[center]R[/center]rank of matrix A 矩阵A的秩r(A)reduced echelon matrix 最简梯形阵row vector 行向量Sset spanned by { } 由向量{ }所生成similar matrices 相似矩阵similarity transformation 相似变换singular matrix 奇异矩阵solution set 解集合standard basis 标准基standard matrix 标准矩阵Isubmatrix 子矩阵subspace 子空间symmetric matrix 对称矩阵Ttrace of matrix A 矩阵A 的迹tr(A)transpose of A 矩阵A的转秩triangle inequlity 三角不等式trivial solution 平凡解Uunit vector 单位向量upper triangular matrix 上三角形矩阵Vvandermonde matrix 范得蒙矩阵vector 向量vector space 向量空间Zzero subspace 零子空间zero vector 零空间（本文已被浏览133 次）概率统计概率论与数理统计词汇英汉对照表Aabsolute value 绝对值accept 接受acceptable region 接受域additivity 可加性adjusted 调整的alternative hypothesis 对立假设analysis 分析analysis of covariance 协方差分析analysis of variance 方差分析arithmetic mean 算术平均值association 相关性assumption 假设assumption checking 假设检验availability 有效度average 均值Bbalanced 平衡的band 带宽bar chart 条形图beta-distribution 贝塔分布between groups 组间的bias 偏倚binomial distribution 二项分布binomial test 二项检验Ccalculate 计算case 个案category 类别center of gravity 重心central tendency 中心趋势chi-square distribution 卡方分布chi-square test 卡方检验classify 分类cluster analysis 聚类分析coefficient 系数coefficient of correlation 相关系数collinearity 共线性column 列compare 比较comparison 对照components 构成，分量compound 复合的confidence interval 置信区间consistency 一致性constant 常数continuous variable 连续变量control charts 控制图correlation 相关covariance 协方差covariance matrix 协方差矩阵critical point 临界点critical value 临界值crosstab 列联表cubic 三次的，立方的cubic term 三次项cumulative distribution function 累加分布函数curve estimation 曲线估计Ddata 数据default 默认的definition 定义deleted residual 剔除残差density function 密度函数dependent variable 因变量description 描述design of experiment 试验设计deviations 差异df.(degree of freedom) 自由度diagnostic 诊断dimension 维discrete variable 离散变量discriminant function 判别函数discriminatory analysis 判别分析distance 距离distribution 分布D-optimal design D-优化设计Eeaqual 相等effects of interaction 交互效应efficiency 有效性eigenvalue 特征值equal size 等含量equation 方程error 误差estimate 估计estimation of parameters 参数估计estimations 估计量evaluate 衡量exact value 精确值expectation 期望expected value 期望值exponential 指数的exponential distributon 指数分布extreme value 极值Ffactor 因素，因子factor analysis 因子分析factor score 因子得分factorial designs 析因设计factorial experiment 析因试验fit 拟合fitted line 拟合线fitted value 拟合值fixed model 固定模型fixed variable 固定变量fractional factorial design 部分析因设计frequency 频数F-test F检验full factorial design 完全析因设计function 函数Ggamma distribution 伽玛分布geometric mean 几何均值group 组Hharmomic mean 调和均值heterogeneity 不齐性histogram 直方图homogeneity 齐性homogeneity of variance 方差齐性hypothesis 假设hypothesis test 假设检验Iindependence 独立independent variable 自变量independent-samples 独立样本index 指数index of correlation 相关指数interaction 交互作用interclass correlation 组内相关interval estimate 区间估计intraclass correlation 组间相关inverse 倒数的iterate 迭代Kkernal 核Kolmogorov-Smirnov test柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米诺夫检验kurtosis 峰度Llarge sample problem 大样本问题layer 层least-significant difference 最小显著差数least-square estimation 最小二乘估计least-square method 最小二乘法level 水平level of significance 显著性水平leverage value 中心化杠杆值life 寿命life test 寿命试验likelihood function 似然函数likelihood ratio test 似然比检验linear 线性的linear estimator 线性估计linear model 线性模型linear regression 线性回归linear relation 线性关系linear term 线性项logarithmic 对数的logarithms 对数logistic 逻辑的。
最完整的数学相关词汇表
数学词汇类术语Aabbreviation 简写符号；简写abscissa 横坐标absolute complement 绝对补集absolute error 绝对误差absolute inequality 绝不等式absolute maximum 绝对极大值absolute minimum 绝对极小值absolute monotonic 绝对单调absolute value 绝对值accelerate 加速acceleration 加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力加速度; 地心加速度accumulation 累积accumulative 累积的accuracy 准确度act on 施于action 作用; 作用力acute angle 锐角acute-angled triangle 锐角三角形add 加addition 加法addition formula 加法公式addition law 加法定律addition law(of probability) （概率）加法定律additive inverse 加法逆元; 加法反元additive property 可加性adjacent angle 邻角adjacent side 邻边adjoint matrix 伴随矩阵algebra 代数algebraic 代数的algebraic equation 代数方程algebraic expression 代数式algebraic fraction 代数分式；代数分数式algebraic inequality 代数不等式algebraic number 代数数algebraic operation 代数运算algebraically closed 代数封闭algorithm 算法系统; 规则系统alternate angle （交）错角alternate segment 内错弓形alternating series 交错级数alternative hypothesis 择一假设; 备择假设; 另一假设altitude 高；高度；顶垂线；高线ambiguous case 两义情况；二义情况amount 本利和；总数analysis 分析；解析analytic geometry 解析几何angle 角angle at the centre 圆心角angle at the circumference 圆周角angle between a line and a plane 直与平面的交角angle between two planes 两平面的交角angle bisection 角平分angle bisector 角平分线；分角线angle in the alternate segment 交错弓形的圆周角angle in the same segment 同弓形内的圆周角angle of depression 俯角angle of elevation 仰角angle of friction 静摩擦角; 极限角angle of greatest slope 最大斜率的角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of intersection 相交角；交角angle of projection 投射角angle of rotation 旋转角angle of the sector 扇形角angle sum of a triangle 三角形内角和angles at a point 同顶角angular displacement 角移位angular momentum 角动量angular motion 角运动angular velocity 角速度annum(X% per annum) 年（年利率X%）anti-clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向anti-clockwise moment 逆时针力矩anti-derivative 反导数; 反微商anti-logarithm 逆对数；反对数anti-symmetric 反对称apex 顶点approach 接近；趋近approximate value 近似值approximation 近似；略计；逼近Arabic system 阿刺伯数字系统arbitrary 任意arbitrary constant 任意常数arc 弧arc length 弧长arc-cosine function 反余弦函数arc-sin function 反正弦函数arc-tangent function 反正切函数area 面积Argand diagram 阿根图, 阿氏图argument (1)论证; (2)辐角argument of a complex number 复数的辐角argument of a function 函数的自变量arithmetic 算术arithmetic mean 算术平均；等差中顶；算术中顶arithmetic progression 算术级数；等差级数arithmetic sequence 等差序列arithmetic series 等差级数arm 边array 数组; 数组arrow 前号ascending order 递升序ascending powers of X X 的升幂assertion 断语; 断定associative law 结合律assumed mean 假定平均数assumption 假定；假设asymmetrical 非对称asymptote 渐近asymptotic error constant 渐近误差常数at rest 静止augmented matrix 增广矩阵auxiliary angle 辅助角auxiliary circle 辅助圆auxiliary equation 辅助方程average 平均；平均数；平均值average speed 平均速率axiom 公理axiom of existence 存在公理axiom of extension 延伸公理axiom of inclusion 包含公理axiom of pairing 配对公理axiom of power 幂集公理axiom of specification 分类公理axiomatic theory of probability 概率公理论axis 轴axis of parabola 抛物线的轴axis of revolution 旋转轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴back substitution 回代Bbar chart 棒形图；条线图；条形图；线条图base （1）底；（2）基；基数base angle 底角base area 底面base line 底线base number 底数；基数base of logarithm 对数的底basis 基Bayes' theorem 贝叶斯定理bearing 方位（角）；角方向（角）bell-shaped curve 钟形图belong to 属于Bernoulli distribution 伯努利分布Bernoulli trials 伯努利试验bias 偏差；偏倚biconditional 双修件式; 双修件句bijection 对射; 双射; 单满射bijective function 对射函数; 只射函数billion 十亿bimodal distribution 双峰分布binary number 二进数binary operation 二元运算binary scale 二进法binary system 二进制binomial 二项式binomial distribution 二项分布binomial expression 二项式binomial series 二项级数binomial theorem 二项式定理bisect 平分；等分bisection method 分半法；分半方法bisector 等分线；平分线Boolean algebra 布尔代数boundary condition 边界条件boundary line 界（线）；边界bounded 有界的bounded above 有上界的；上有界的bounded below 有下界的；下有界的bounded function 有界函数bounded sequence 有界序列brace 大括号bracket 括号breadth 阔度broken line graph 折线图Ccalculation 计算calculator 计算器；计算器calculus (1) 微积分学; (2) 演算cancel 消法；相消canellation law 消去律canonical 典型; 标准capacity 容量cardioid 心脏Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标Cartesian equation 笛卡儿方程Cartesian plane 笛卡儿平面Cartesian product 笛卡儿积category 类型；范畴catenary 悬链Cauchy sequence 柯西序列Cauchy's principal value 柯西主值Cauchy-Schwarz inequality 柯西 - 许瓦尔兹不等式central limit theorem 中心极限定理central line 中线central tendency 集中趋centre 中心；心centre of a circle 圆心centre of gravity 重心centre of mass 质量中心centrifugal force 离心力centripedal acceleration 向心加速度centripedal force force 向心力centroid 形心；距心certain event 必然事件chain rule 链式法则chance 机会change of axes 坐标轴的变换change of base 基的变换change of coordinates 坐标轴的变换change of subject 主项变换change of variable 换元；变量的换characteristic equation 特征(征)方程characteristic function 特征(征)函数characteristic of logarithm 对数的首数; 对数的定位部characteristic root 特征(征)根chart 图；图表check digit 检验数位checking 验算chord 弦chord of contact 切点弦circle 圆circular 圆形；圆的circular function 圆函数；三角函数circular measure 弧度法circular motion 圆周运动circular permutation 环形排列; 圆形排列; 循环排列circumcentre 外心；外接圆心circumcircle 外接圆circumference 圆周circumradius 外接圆半径circumscribed circle 外接圆cissoid 蔓叶class 区；组；类class boundary 组界class interval 组区间；组距class limit 组限；区限class mark 组中点；区中点classical theory of probability 古典概率论classification 分类clnometer 测斜仪clockwise direction 顺时针方向clockwise moment 顺时针力矩closed convex region 闭凸区域closed interval 闭区间coaxial 共轴coaxial circles 共轴圆coaxial system 共轴系coded data 编码数据coding method 编码法co-domain 上域coefficient 系数coefficient of friction 摩擦系数coefficient of restitution 碰撞系数; 恢复系数coefficient of variation 变差系数cofactor 余因子; 余因式cofactor matrix 列矩阵coincide 迭合；重合collection of terms 并项collinear 共线collinear planes 共线面collision 碰撞column (1)列；纵行；(2) 柱column matrix 列矩阵column vector 列向量combination 组合common chord 公弦common denominator 同分母；公分母common difference 公差common divisor 公约数；公约common factor 公因子；公因子common logarithm 常用对数common multiple 公位数；公倍common ratio 公比common tangent 公切commutative law 交换律comparable 可比较的compass 罗盘compass bearing 罗盘方位角compasses 圆规compasses construction 圆规作图compatible 可相容的complement 余；补余complement law 补余律complementary angle 余角complementary equation 补充方程complementary event 互补事件complementary function 余函数complementary probability 互补概率complete oscillation 全振动completing the square 配方complex conjugate 复共轭complex number 复数complex unmber plane 复数平面complex root 复数根component 分量component of force 分力composite function 复合函数; 合成函数composite number 复合数；合成数composition of mappings 映射构合composition of relations 复合关系compound angle 复角compound angle formula 复角公式compound bar chart 综合棒形图compound discount 复折扣compound interest 复利；复利息compound probability 合成概率compound statement 复合命题; 复合叙述computation 计算computer 计算机；电子计算器concave 凹concave downward 凹向下的concave polygon 凹多边形concave upward 凹向上的concentric circles 同心圆concept 概念conclusion 结论concurrent 共点concyclic 共圆concyclic points 共圆点condition 条件conditional 条件句；条件式conditional identity 条件恒等式conditional inequality 条件不等式conditional probability 条件概率cone 锥；圆锥（体）confidence coefficient 置信系数confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平confidence limit 置信极限confocal section 共焦圆锥曲congruence (1)全等；(2)同余congruence class 同余类congruent 全等congruent figures 全等图形congruent triangles 全等三角形conic 二次曲圆锥曲conic section 二次曲圆锥曲conical pendulum 圆锥摆conjecture 猜想conjugate 共轭conjugate axis 共轭conjugate diameters 共轭轴conjugate hyperbola 共轭(直)径conjugate imaginary / complex number 共轭双曲conjugate radical 共轭虚/复数conjugate surd 共轭根式; 共轭不尽根conjunction 合取connective 连词connector box 捙接框consecutive integers 连续整数consecutive numbers 连续数；相邻数consequence 结论；推论consequent 条件；后项conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒conserved 守恒consistency condition 相容条件consistent 一贯的；相容的consistent estimator 相容估计量constant 常数constant acceleration 恒加速度constant force 恒力constant of integration 积分常数constant speed 恒速率constant term 常项constant velocity 怛速度constraint 约束；约束条件construct 作construction 作图construction of equation 方程的设立continued proportion 连比例continued ratio 连比continuity 连续性continuity correction 连续校正continuous 连续的continuous data 连续数据continuous function 连续函数continuous proportion 连续比例continuous random variable 连续随机变量contradiction 矛盾converge 收敛convergence 收敛性convergent 收敛的convergent iteration 收敛的迭代convergent sequence 收敛序列convergent series 收敛级数converse 逆(定理)converse of a relation 逆关系converse theorem 逆定理conversion 转换convex 凸convex polygon 凸多边形convexity 凸性coordinate 坐标coordinate geometry 解析几何；坐标几何coordinate system 坐标系系定理；系；推论coplanar 共面coplanar forces 共面力coplanar lines共面co-prime 互质; 互素corollary 系定理; 系; 推论correct to 准确至；取值至correlation 相关correlation coefficient 相关系数correspondence 对应corresponding angles (1)同位角；(2)对应角corresponding element 对应边corresponding sides 对应边cosecant 余割cosine 余弦cosine formula 余弦公式cost price 成本cotangent 余切countable 可数countable set 可数集countably infinite 可数无限counter clockwise direction 逆时针方向；返时针方向counter example 反例counting 数数；计数couple 力偶Carmer's rule 克莱玛法则criterion 准则critical point 临界点critical region 临界域cirtical value 临界值cross-multiplication 交叉相乘cross-section 横切面；横截面；截痕cube 正方体；立方；立方体cube root 立方根cubic 三次方；立方；三次(的) cubic equation 三次方程cubic roots of unity 单位的立方根cuboid 长方体；矩体cumulative 累积的cumulative distribution function 累积分布函数cumulative frequecy 累积频数；累积频率cumulative frequency curve 累积频数曲cumulative frequcncy distribution 累积频数分布cumulative frequency polygon 累积频数多边形；累积频率直方图curvature of a curve 曲线的曲率curve 曲线curve sketching 曲线描绘(法) curve tracing 曲线描迹(法) curved line 曲线curved surface 曲面curved surface area 曲面面积cyclic expression 输换式cyclic permutation 圆形排列cyclic quadrilateral 圆内接四边形cycloid 旋输线; 摆线cylinder 柱；圆柱体cylindrical 圆柱形的Ddamped oscillation 阻尼振动data 数据De Moivre's theorem 棣美弗定理De Morgan's law 德摩根律decagon 十边形decay 衰变decay factor 衰变因子decelerate 减速decelaration 减速度decile 十分位数decimal 小数decimal place 小数位decimal point 小数点decimal system 十进制decision box 判定框declarative sentence 说明语句declarative statement 说明命题decoding 译码decrease 递减decreasing function 递减函数；下降函数decreasing sequence 递减序列；下降序列decreasing series 递减级数；下降级数decrement 减量deduce 演绎deduction 推论deductive reasoning 演绎推理definite 确定的；定的definite integral 定积分definition 定义degenerated conic section 降级锥曲线degree (1) 度; (2) 次degree of a polynomial 多项式的次数degree of accuracy 准确度degree of confidence 置信度degree of freedom 自由度degree of ODE 常微分方程次数degree of precision 精确度delete 删除; 删去denary number 十进数denominator 分母dependence (1)相关; (2)应变dependent event(s) 相关事件; 相依事件; 从属事件dependent variable 应变量; 应变数depreciation 折旧derivable 可导derivative 导数derived curve 导函数曲线derived function 导函数derived statistics 推算统计资料; 派生统计资料descending order 递降序descending powers of x x的降序descriptive statistics 描述统计学detached coefficients 分离系数(法)determinant 行列式deviation 偏差; 变差deviation from the mean 离均差diagonal 对角线diagonal matrix 对角矩阵diagram 图; 图表diameter 直径diameter of a conic 二次曲线的直径difference 差difference equation 差分方程difference of sets 差集differentiable 可微differential 微分differential coefficient 微商; 微分系数differential equation 微分方程differential mean value theorem 微分中值定理differentiate 求...的导数differentiate from first principle 从基本原理求导数differentiation 微分法digit 数字dimension 量; 量网; 维(数)direct impact 直接碰撞direct image 直接像direct proportion 正比例direct tax, direct taxation 直接税direct variation 正变(分) directed angle 有向角directed line 有向直线directed line segment 有向线段directed number 有向数direction 方向; 方位direction angle 方向角direction cosine 方向余弦direction number 方向数direction ratio 方向比directrix 准线Dirichlet function 狄利克来函数discontinuity 不连续性discontinuous 间断(的);连续(的); 不连续(的)discontinuous point 不连续点discount 折扣discrete 分立; 离散discrete data 离散数据; 间断数据discrete random variable 间断随机变数discrete uniform distribution 离散均匀分布discriminant 判别式disjoint 不相交的disjoint sets 不相交的集disjunction 析取dispersion 离差displacement 位移disprove 反证distance 距离distance formula 距离公式distinct roots 相异根distincr solution 相异解distribution 公布distributive law 分配律diverge 发散divergence 发散(性)divergent 发散的divergent iteration 发散性迭代divergent sequence 发散序列divergent series 发散级数divide 除dividend (1)被除数；(2)股息divisible 可整除division 除法division algorithm 除法算式divisor 除数；除式；因子divisor of zero 零因子dodecagon 十二边形domain 定义域dot 点dot product 点积double angle 二倍角double angle formula 二倍角公式double root 二重根dual 对偶duality (1)对偶性; (2) 双重性due east/ south/ west /north 向东/ 南/ 西/ 北dynamics 动力学Eeccentric angle 离心角eccentric circles 离心圆eccentricity 离心率echelon form 梯阵式echelon matrix 梯矩阵edge 棱；边efficient estimator 有效估计量effort 施力eigenvalue 本征值eigenvector 本征向量elastic body 弹性体elastic collision 弹性碰撞elastic constant 弹性常数elastic force 弹力elasticity 弹性element 元素elementary event 基本事件elementary function 初等函数elementary row operation 基本行运算elimination 消法elimination method 消去法；消元法ellipse 椭圆ellipsiod 椭球体elliptic function 椭圆函数elongation 伸张；展empirical data 实验数据empirical formula 实验公式empirical probability 实验概率；经验概率empty set 空集encoding 编码enclosure 界限end point 端点energy 能; 能量entire surd 整方根epicycloid 外摆线equal 相等equal ratios theorem 等比定理equal roots 等根equal sets 等集equality 等(式)equality sign 等号equation 方程equation in one unknown 一元方程equation in two unknowns (variables) 二元方程equation of a straight line 直线方程equation of locus 轨迹方程equiangular 等角(的)equidistant 等距(的)equilateral 等边(的)equilateral polygon 等边多边形equilateral triangle 等边三角形equilibrium 平衡equiprobable 等概率的equiprobable space 等概率空间equivalence 等价equivalence class 等价类equivalence relation 等价关系equivalent 等价(的)error 误差error allowance 误差宽容度error estimate 误差估计error term 误差项error tolerance 误差宽容度escribed circle 旁切圆estimate 估计；估计量estimator 估计量Euclidean algorithm 欧几里德算法Euclidean geometry 欧几里德几何Euler's formula 尤拉公式；欧拉公式evaluate 计值even function 偶函数even number 偶数evenly distributed 均匀分布的event 事件exact 真确exact differential form 恰当微分形式exact solution 准确解；精确解；真确解exact value 法确解；精确解；真确解example 例excentre 外心exception 例外excess 起exclusive 不包含exclusive disjunction 不包含性析取exclusive events 互斥事件exercise 练习exhaustive event(s) 彻底事件existential quantifier 存在量词expand 展开expand form 展开式expansion 展式expectation 期望expectation value, expected value 期望值；预期值experiment 实验；试验experimental 试验的experimental probability 实验概率explicit function 显函数exponent 指数exponential function 指数函数exponential order 指数阶; 指数级express…in terms of… 以………表达expression 式；数式extension 外延；延长；扩张；扩充extension of a function 函数的扩张exterior angle 外角external angle bisector 外分角external point of division 外分点extreme point 极值点extreme value 极值extremum 极值Fface 面factor 因子；因式；商factor method 因式分解法factor theorem 因子定理；因式定理factorial 阶乘factorization 因子分解；因式分解factorization of polynomial 多项式因式分解fallacy 谬误FALSE 假(的)falsehood 假值family 族family of circles 圆族family of concentric circles 同心圆族family of straight lines 直线族feasible solution 可行解；容许解Fermat's last theorem 费尔马最后定理Fibonacci number 斐波那契数；黄金分割数Fibonacci sequence 斐波那契序列fictitious mean 假定平均数figure (1)图(形)；(2)数字final velocity 末速度finite 有限finite dimensional vector space 有限维向量空间finite population 有限总体finite probability space 有限概率空间finite sequence 有限序列finite series 有限级数finite set 有限集first approximation 首近似值first derivative 一阶导数first order differential equation 一阶微分方程first projection 第一投影; 第一射影first quartile 第一四分位数first term 首项fixed deposit 定期存款fixed point 定点fixed point iteration method 定点迭代法fixed pulley 定滑轮flow chart 流程图focal axis 焦轴focal chord 焦弦focal length 焦距focus(foci) 焦点folium of Descartes 笛卡儿叶形线foot of perpendicular 垂足for all X 对所有Xfor each /every X 对每一Xforce 力forced oscillation 受迫振动form 形式；型formal proof 形式化的证明format 格式；规格formula(formulae) 公式four leaved rose curve 四瓣玫瑰线four rules 四则four-figure table 四位数表fourth root 四次方根fraction 分数；分式fraction in lowest term 最简分数fractional equation 分式方程fractional index 分数指数fractional inequality 分式不等式free fall 自由下坠free vector 自由向量; 自由矢量frequency 频数；频率frequency distribution 频数分布；频率分布frequency distribution table 频数分布表frequency polygon 频数多边形；频率多边形friction 摩擦; 摩擦力frictionless motion 无摩擦运动frustum 平截头体fulcrum 支点function 函数function of function 复合函数；迭函数functional notation 函数记号fundamental theorem of algebra 代数基本定理fundamental theorem of calculus 微积分基本定理Ggain 增益；赚；盈利gain perent 赚率；增益率；盈利百分率game （1）对策；（2）博奕Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Gaussian elimination 高斯消去法general form 一般式；通式general solution 通解；一般解general term 通项generating function 母函数; 生成函数generator (1)母线; (2)生成元geoborad 几何板geometric distribution 几何分布geometric mean 几何平均数；等比中项geometric progression 几何级数；等比级数geometric sequence 等比序列geometric series 等比级数geometry 几何；几何学given 给定；已知global 全局; 整体global maximum 全局极大值; 整体极大值global minimum 全局极小值; 整体极小值golden section 黄金分割grade 等级gradient (1)斜率；倾斜率；(2)梯度grand total 总计graph 图像；图形；图表graph paper 图表纸graphical method 图解法graphical representation 图示；以图样表达graphical solution 图解gravitational acceleration 重力加速度gravity 重力greatest term 最大项greatest value 最大值grid lines 网网格线group 组；grouped data 分组数据；分类数据grouping terms 并项；集项growth 增长growth factor 增长因子Hhalf angle 半角half angle formula 半角公式half closed interval 半闭区间half open interval 半开区间harmonic mean (1) 调和平均数; (2) 调和中项harmonic progression 调和级数head 正面（钱币）height 高（度）helix 螺旋线hemisphere 半球体；半球heptagon 七边形Heron's formula 希罗公式heterogeneous (1)参差的; (2)不纯一的hexagon 六边形higher order derivative 高阶导数highest common factor(H.C.F) 最大公因子；最高公因式；最高公因子Hindu-Arabic numeral 阿刺伯数字histogram 组织图；直方图；矩形图Holder's Inequality 赫耳德不等式homogeneous 齐次的homogeneous equation 齐次方程Hooke's law 虎克定律horizontal 水平的；水平horizontal asymptote 水平渐近线horizontal component 水平分量horizontal line 横线；水平线horizontal range 水平射程hyperbola 双曲线hyperbolic function 双曲函数hypergeometric distribution 超几何分布hypocycloid 内摆线hypotenuse 斜边hypothesis 假设hypothesis testing 假设检验hypothetical syllogism 假设三段论hypotrochoid 次内摆线Iidempotent 全幂等的identical 全等；恒等identity 等（式）identity element 单位元identity law 同一律identity mapping 恒等映射identity matrix 恒等矩阵identity relation 恒等关系式if and only if/iff 当且仅当；若且仅若if…, then 若….则；如果…..则illustration 例证；说明image 像点；像image axis 虚轴imaginary circle 虚圆imaginary number 虚数imaginary part 虚部imaginary root 虚根imaginary unit 虚数单位impact 碰撞implication 蕴涵式；蕴含式implicit definition 隐定义implicit function 隐函数imply 蕴涵；蕴含impossible event 不可能事件improper fraction 假分数improper integral 广义积分; 非正常积分impulse 冲量impulsive force 冲力incentre 内力incircle 内切圆inclination 倾角；斜角inclined plane 斜面included angle 夹角included side 夹边inclusion mapping 包含映射inclusive 包含的；可兼的inclusive disjunction 包含性析取；可兼析取inconsistent 不相的(的)；不一致(的)increase 递增；增加increasing function 递增函数increasing sequence 递增序列increasing series 递增级数increment 增量indefinite integral 不定积分idenfinite integration 不定积分法independence 独立；自变independent equations 独立方程independent event 独立事件independent variable 自变量；独立变量indeterminate (1)不定的；(2)不定元；未定元indeterminate coefficient 不定系数；未定系数indeterminate form 待定型；不定型index,indices 指数；指index notation 指数记数法induced operation 诱导运算induction hypothesis 归纳法假设inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inequality 不等式；不等inequality sign 不等号inertia 惯性；惯量infer 推断inference 推论infinite 无限；无穷infinite dimensional 无限维infinite population 无限总体infinite sequence 无限序列；无穷序列infinite series 无限级数；无穷级数infinitely many 无穷多infinitesimal 无限小；无穷小infinity 无限(大)；无穷(大) inflection (inflexion) point 拐点；转折点inherent error 固有误差initial approximation 初始近似值initial condition 原始条件；初值条件initial point 始点；起点initial side 始边initial value 初值；始值initial velocity 初速度initial-value problem 初值问题injection 内射injective function 内射函数inner product 内积input 输入input box 输入inscribed circle 内切圆insertion 插入insertion of brackets 加括号instantaneous 瞬时的instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度instantaneous speed 瞬时速率instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度integer 整数integrable 可积integrable function 可积函数integral 积分integral index 整数指数integral mean value theorem 积数指数integral part 整数部份integral solution 整数解integral value 整数值integrand 被积函数integrate 积；积分；......的积分integrating factor 积分因子integration 积分法integration by parts 分部积分法integration by substitution 代换积分法；换元积分法integration constant 积分常数interaction 相互作用intercept 截距；截段intercept form 截距式intercept theorem 截线定理interchange 互换interest 利息interest rate 利率interest tax 利息税interior angle 内角interior angles on the same side of the transversal 同旁内角interior opposite angle 内对角intermediate value theorem 介值定理internal bisector内分角internal division 内分割internal energy 内能internal force 内力internal point of division 内分点interpolating polynomial 插值多项式interpolation 插值inter-quartile range 四分位数间距intersect 相交intersection (1)交集；(2)相交；(3)交点interval 区间interval estimation 区间估计；区域估计intuition 直观invalid 失效；无效invariance 不变性invariant (1)不变的；(2)不变量；不变式inverse 反的；逆的inverse circular function 反三角函数inverse cosine function 反余弦函数inverse function 反函数；逆函数inverse cosine function 反三角函数inverse function 反函数；逆映射inverse mapping 反向映射；逆映射inverse matrix 逆矩阵inverse problem 逆算问题inverse proportion 反比例；逆比例inverse relation 逆关系inverse sine function 反正弦函数inverse tangent function 反正切函数inverse variation 反变(分)；逆变(分)invertible 可逆的invertible matrix 可逆矩阵irrational equation 无理方程irrational number 无理数irreducibility 不可约性irregular 不规则isomorphism 同构isosceles triangle 等腰三角形iterate (1)迭代值; (2)迭代iteration 迭代iteration form 迭代形iterative function 迭代函数iterative method 迭代法J、Kjet propulsion 喷气推进joint variation 联变(分)；连变(分) kinetic energy 动能kinetic friction 动摩擦known 己知LL.H.S. 末项L'Hospital's rule 洛必达法则Lagrange interpolating polynomial 拉格朗日插值多项代Lagrange theorem 拉格朗日定理Lami's law 拉密定律Laplace expansion 拉普拉斯展式last term 末项latent root 本征根; 首通径lattice point 格点latus rectum 正焦弦; 首通径law 律；定律law of conservation of momentum 动量守恒定律law of indices 指数律；指数定律law of inference 推论律law of trichotomy 三分律leading coefficient 首项系数leading diagonal 主对角线least common multiple, lowest common multiple (L.C.M) 最小公倍数；最低公倍式least value 最小值left hand limit 左方极限lemma 引理lemniscate 双纽线length 长(度)letter 文字；字母like surd 同类根式like terms 同类项limacon 蜗牛线limit 极限limit of sequence 序列的极限limiting case 极限情况limiting friction 最大静摩擦limiting position 极限位置line 线；行line of action 作用力线line of best-fit最佳拟合line of greatest slope 最大斜率的直；最大斜率line of intersection 交线line segment 线段linear 线性；一次linear convergence 线性收敛性linear differeantial equation 线性微分方程linear equation 线性方程；一次方程linear equation in two unknowns 二元一次方程；二元线性方程linear inequality 一次不等式；线性不等式linear momentum 线动量linear programming 线性规划linearly dependent 线性相关的linearly independent 线性无关的literal coefficient 文字系数literal equation 文字方程load 负荷loaded coin 不公正钱币loaded die 不公正骰子local maximum 局部极大(值)local minimum 局部极小(值) locus, loci 轨迹logarithm 对数logarithmic equation 对数方程logarithmic function 对数函数logic 逻辑logical deduction 逻辑推论；逻辑推理logical step 逻辑步骤long division method 长除法loop 回路loss 赔本；亏蚀loss per cent 赔率；亏蚀百分率lower bound 下界lower limit 下限lower quartile 下四分位数lower sum 下和lower triangular matrix 下三角形矩阵lowest common multiple(L.C.M) 最小公倍数Mmachine 机械Maclaurin expansion 麦克劳林展开式Maclaurin series 麦克劳林级数magnitude 量；数量；长度；大小major arc 优弧；大弧major axis 长轴major sector 优扇形；大扇形major segment 优弓形；大弓形mantissa 尾数mantissa of logarithm 对数的尾数；对数的定值部many to one 多个对一个many-sided figure 多边形many-valued 多值的map into 映入map onto 映上mapping 映射marked price 标价Markov chain 马可夫链mass 质量mathematical analysis 数学分析mathematical induction 数学归纳法mathematical sentence 数句mathematics 数学matrix 阵; 矩阵matrix addition 矩阵加法matrix equation 矩阵方程matrix multiplication 矩阵乘法matrix operation 矩阵运算maximize 极大maximum absolute error 最大绝对误差maximum point 极大点maximum value 极大值mean 平均(值)；平均数；中数mean deviation 中均差；平均偏差mean value theorem 中值定理measure of dispersion 离差的量度measurement 量度mechanical energy 机械能median (1)中位数；(2)中线meet 相交；相遇mensuration 计量；求积法method 方法method of completing square 配方法method of interpolation 插值法; 内插法method of least squares 最小二乘法; 最小平方法method of substitution 代换法；换元法method of successive substitution 逐次代换法; 逐次调替法method of superposition 迭合法metric unit 十进制单位mid-point 中点mid-point formula 中点公式mid-point theorem 中点定理million 百万minimize 极小minimum point 极小点minimum value 极小值Minkowski Inequality 闵可夫斯基不等式minor (1)子行列式；(2)劣；较小的minor arc 劣弧；小弧minor axis 短轴minor of a determinant 子行列式minor sector 劣扇形；小扇形minor segment 劣弓形；小弓形minus 减minute 分mixed number(fraction) 带分数modal class 众数组mode 众数model 模型modulo (1)模; 模数; (2)同余modulo arithmetic 同余算术modulus 模; 模数modulus of a complex number 复数的模modulus of elasticity 弹性模(数) moment arm (1)矩臂; (2)力臂moment of a force 力矩moment of inertia 贯性矩momentum 动量monomial 单项式monotone 单调monotonic convergence 单调收敛性monotonic decreasing 单调递减monotonic decreasing function 单调递减函数monotonic function 单调函数monotonic increasing 单调递增monotonic increasing function 单调递增函数motion 运动movable pulley 动滑轮multinomial 多项式multiple 倍数multiple angle 倍角multiple-angle formula 倍角公式multiple root 多重根multiplicand 被乘数multiplication 乘法multiplication law (of probability) (概率)乘法定律multiplicative inverse 乘法逆元multiplicative property 可乘性multiplicity 重数multiplier 乘数；乘式multiply 乘multi-value 多值的mulually disjoint 互不相交mutually exclusive events 互斥事件mutually independent 独立; 互相独立mutually perpendicular lines 互相垂直Nn factorial n阶乘n th derivative n阶导数n th root n次根；n次方根n the root of unity 单位的n次根Napierian logarithm 纳皮尔对数; 自然对数natural logarithm 自然对数natural number 自然数natural surjection 自然满射necessary and sufficient condition 充要条件necessary condition 必要条件negation 否定式negative 负negative angle 负角negative binomial distribution 负二项式分布negative index 负指数negative integer 负整数negative number 负数negative vector 负向量; 负矢量neighborhood 邻域net 净(值)net force 净力Newton-Cote's rule 牛顿 - 高斯法则Newton-Raphson's method 牛顿 - 纳逊方法Newton's formula 牛顿公式Newton's law of motion 牛顿运动定律Newton's method 牛顿方法。
数学词汇手册
GRE数学手册数的概念和特性*几个GRE 最常用的概念：偶数(even number)：能被2整除的整数； 奇数(odd number)：不能被2整除的数； 质数(prime number)：大于1的整数，除了1和它本身外，不能被其他正整数所整除的，称为质数。
也叫素数；（学过数论的同学请注意，这里的质数概念不同于数论中的概念，GRE 里的质数不包括负整数）倒数(reciprocal)：一个不为零的数为x,则它的倒数为1/x 。
*最重要的性质：奇偶性：偶加偶为偶，偶减偶为偶，偶乘偶为偶； 奇加奇为偶，奇减奇为偶，奇乘奇为偶； 奇加偶为偶，奇减偶为偶，奇乘偶为偶。
等差数列GRE 数学中绝大部分是等差数列，d n a a n )1(1-+=，形式主要为应用题。
题目会说三年稳步增长第一年的产量是x,第三年的产量是y,问你的二年的产量。
数理统计 *众数(mode)一组数中出现频率最高的一个或几个数。
例：mode of 1,1,1,2,3,0,0,0,5 is 1 and 0。
*值域(range)一组数中最大和最小数之差。
例：range of 1,1,2,3,5 is 5-1=4*平均数(mean ） 算术平均数（arithmetic mean ） *几何平均数(geometric mean ） n 个数之积的n 次方根。
*中数(median)对一组数进行排序后，正中间的一个数（数字个数为奇数）， 或者中间两个数的平均数（数字个数为偶数）。
例： median of 1,7,4,9,2,5,8 is 5 median of 1,7,4,9,2,5 is (5+7)/2=6 ps:GRE 经常考察众数与数的个数的积和这组数的和的大小。
*标准偏差(standard error)一组数中，每个数与平均数的差的绝对值之和，再除以这组数的个数n例：standard error of 0,2,5,7,6 is: (|0-4|+|2-4|+|5-4|+|7-4|+|6-4|)/5=2.4 *standard variation一组数中，每个数与平均数之差的平方和，再除以这组数的个数n 例： standard variation of 0,2,5,7,6 is: _ 2 2 2 2 2_ |_(0-4) +(2-4)+(5-4)+(7-4)+(6-4)_|/5=6.8 *标准偏差(standard deviation)standard deviation 等于standard variation 的平方根ps :GRE 经常让你比较众数或中数与数的个数的乘积和这组数的和的大小，可以举几个极限情况的例子验证一下。
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GRE数学手册*几个GRE最常用的概念：偶数(even number>：能被2整除的整数；奇数(odd number>：不能被2整除的数；质数(prime number>：大于1的整数，除了1和它本身外，不能被其他正整数所整除的，称为质数。
也叫素数；<学过数论的同学请注意，这里的质数概念不同于数论中的概念，GRE里的质数不包括负整数）b5E2RGbCAP倒数(reciprocal>：一个不为零的数为x,则它的倒数为1/x。
*最重要的性质：奇偶性：偶加偶为偶，偶减偶为偶，偶乘偶为偶；奇加奇为偶，奇减奇为偶，奇乘奇为奇；奇加偶为偶，奇减偶为偶，奇乘偶为偶。
等差数列GRE数学中绝大部分是等差数列，，形式主要为应用题。
题目会说三年稳步增长第一年的产量是x,第三年的产量是y,问你的二年的产量。
p1EanqFDPw数理统计*众数(mode>一组数中出现频率最高的一个或几个数。
例：mode of 1,1,1,2,3,0,0,0,5 is 1 and 0。
*值域(range>一组数中最大和最小数之差。
例：range of 1,1,2,3,5 is 5-1=4*平均数(mean）算术平均数<arithmetic mean）*几何平均数(geometric mean）n个数之积的n次方根。
*中数(median>对一组数进行排序后，正中间的一个数<数字个数为奇数），或者中间两个数的平均数<数字个数为偶数）。
例： median of 1,7,4,9,2,5,8 is 5 median of 1,7,4,9,2,5 is (5+7>/2=6DXDiTa9E3dps: GRE经常考察众数与数的个数的积和这组数的和的大小。
*标准偏差(standard error>一组数中，每个数与平均数的差的绝对值之和，再除以这组数的个数n例：standard error of 0,2,5,7,6 is: (|0-4|+|2-4|+|5-4|+|7-4|+|6-4|>/5=2.4RTCrpUDGiT*standard variation<方差）一组数中，每个数与平均数之差的平方和，再除以这组数的个数n5PCzVD7HxA 例： standard variation of 0,2,5,7,6 is: _ 2 2 2 2 2_|_(0-4> +(2-4>+(5-4>+(7-4>+(6-4>_|/5=6.8jLBHrnAILg*标准差(standard deviation>standard deviation 等于standard variation 的平方根ps :GRE 经常让你比较众数或中数与数的个数的乘积和这组数的和的大小，可以举几个极限情况的例子验证一下。
还有一种题型是给你两组数的平均值，方差，比较他们的中数大小；要注意中数的大小和那两个值是没有必然联系的，无法比较。
xHAQX74J0X 平面几何1．普通几何：GRE 经常考察组和图形，例如两个相等的圆经过对方圆心，求外部周长；一个正三角形中去掉三个以各顶点为圆心，周长一般为半径的圆的以后的部分的面积。
只要熟记下列公式局可以解决：LDAYtRyKfEPerimeter Area Triangle 三边之和 (底×高>/2 Square 边长×4 边长的平方 Rectangle (长+宽>×2 长×宽 Parallelogram (长+宽>×2 底×高Trapezoid<梯形） 四边之和 (上底+下底>×高/2Rhombus<菱形）边长×4两条对角线之积的1/2 Circle2πr=πdπr2*经常考的还有圆中的弦和半径以及垂直于弦的 线段所组成的三角形各边间的关系，如右图。
2．解读几何： 常考的有：*两直线垂直的条件：直线和垂直的条件，。
*平面上两点中点坐标及距离：平面直角坐标系中，A(x1,y1>和B(x2,y2>是任意两点，C(x,y>是线段AB 的中点，则x=(x1+x2>/2,,y=(y1+y2>/2,线段AB 两端点间的距离=Zzz6ZB2Ltk 立体几何GRE 数学中的立体几何只涉及四面体，长方体，正方体，圆柱体，圆锥<不常考）的面积和体积。
*立体图形的表面积和体积Volume Surface Area Rectangular Prism 长×宽×高 2(长×宽+长×高+宽×高>Cube 棱长的立方 6×棱长×棱长 Right Circular Cylinder πr2h 2πr h(侧>+2πr2(底>Cone概率(Probability>某一事件在相同的条件下可能发生也可能不发生，这类事件成为随机事件(random occurrence>。
概率就是用来表示随机事件发生的可能性大小的一个量。
很自然的把必然发生的概率定为1，并把不可能发生的事件的概率定为0，而一般随机事件的概率是介于0和1之间的一个数。
dvzfvkwMI1等概基本事件组满住下列二条性质的n个随机事件A1,A2,─ An 被称为“等概基本事件组”：⑴A1,A2,─ Anrqyn14ZNXI发生的机会相等；⑵在任一实验中，A1,A2,─ An 中只有一个发生。
等概基本事件组中的任一随机事件Ai(i=1,2, ─,n>称为“基本事件”。
如果事件B是由等概念基本事件组A1,A2,─ An 的m个基本事件构成，则事件B的概率P(B>=m/n,这种讨论事件概率的模型称为“古典概型”。
EmxvxOtOcops:排列组合结合概率中的“古典概率”就可以解决几乎所有的GRE数学概率问题，但要灵活应用，而且很多题目看起来像概率题实际上它就是各抽屉原理<6个球放到5个抽屉里则至少有一个抽屉里有两个或更多的球），他就让你比较和1的大小，当然是相等。
SixE2yXPq5正态分布*高斯分布<Gaussian ）<正态分布）的概率密度函数为一钟型曲线，即a 为均值，为标准方差，曲线关于x=a 的虚线对称，决定了曲线的“胖瘦”，形状为：图1*高斯型随机变量的概率分布函数，是将其密度函数取积分，即, 表示随机变量A 的取值小于等于x 的概率。
比如A 的取值小于等于均值a 的概率是50%。
曲线为ps:如果你没学过概率论的话，这部分内容很难理解，不过不要紧，答错一道题也可以拿八百分的：），绝大部分时候你不会遇见这种题的。
6ewMyirQFL 图表(Chart & Graph>解答图表题的关键是找到关键的数据和信息：有时候图表很复杂，表示的数据很多，但只要看清楚题目所问的那个量就好了。
kavU42VRUs GRE 种主要考察五种图表： 1.表格(tables>分类排列纪录事项的文件。
2.饼形图(pie graphs>表示整体与部分间的关系，通常用百分比表示图中的每个部分。
3.线型图(line graphs>x表示数量的连续变化数量一般以时间的变化来衡量。
4.条带图(bar graphs>用条带的高低或长短来表示在不同时间里的不同数量或同一数量。
5.累积图(cumulative graphs>在累积条带图中，将累积条带的高度按比例分成不同的数量，用以比较不同的工程。
一些很好的网站： 太傻网y6v3ALoS89 寄托天下M2ub6vSTnP/showBBS.php?BBS_id=jijingzongjie 水妖的岛0YujCfmUCw常用数学公式(a+b>(a-b>=a²-b² (a+b>²=a²+2ab+b² (a-b>²=a²-2ab+b²eUts8ZQVRd(a+b>³=a³+3a²b+3ab²+b³(a-b>³=a³-3a²b+3ab²-b³一元二次方程ax²+bx+c=0的解x₁,₂=(-b±√b²-4ac>/2a*Simple Interest:利息Interest=本金Principal 时间Time 利率Rate。
sQsAEJkW5T*Compound Interest:A=P(1+R>n。
A为本利和，P为本金,R为利率,n为期数。
*Discount=Cost Rate of Discount*Distance=Speed TimeGMsIasNXkA*Pythagorean Theorem(勾股定理>:直角三角形(right triangle>两直角边(legs>的平方和等于斜边 (hypotenuse>的平方。
TIrRGchYzg*多边形的内角和：(n-2>×180°，总对角线数为n(n-3>/2条，从每一个顶点引出的对角线数为(n-3>条；式中：n为多边形的边数7EqZcWLZNX*平面直角坐标系中，A(x1,y1>和B(x2,y2>是任意两点，C(x,y>是线段AB的中点，则x=(x1+x2>/2,,y=(y1+y2>/2,线段AB两端点间的距离=lzq7IGf02EPerimeter AreaTriangle三边之和(底×高>/2Square边长×4边长的平方Rectangle(长+宽>×2长×宽Parallelogram(长+宽>×2底×高Trapezoid四边之和(上底+下底>×高/2Rhombus边长×4两条对角线之积的1/2Circle2πr=πdπr2Volume Surface Area Rectangular Prism长×宽×高2(长×宽+长×高+宽×高> Cube棱长的立方6×棱长×棱长Right Circular πr2h2πrAabscissa横坐标absolute value绝对值account for<数量）占acute angle锐角acute triangle锐角三角形add加add toaddition加，加法adjacent相邻adjacent angles邻角algebra代数学algebraic expression代数式algebraic fraction分式algebraic term代数项aliquot除得尽数aliquant除不尽数alternate angles内错角altitude高度amount合计angle角angle bisector角平分线apex顶，顶点apiece每人，每个approximately近似的，大约的approximation近似，近似值arc弧，圆周的任意一段area面积arithmetic算术arithmetic(al> average算术平均数arithmetic(al> mean算术平均数或等差中项arithmetic(al> progression或算术级数，等差级数seriesassume that假定义……at random随机地at right angles with与……成直角at this rate以这样的比率，价格或速度average平均，平均数平均的axis轴Bbalance余额bar graph(chart>条带图base堤边，底面，幂或乘方的底数base area底面积be across from在……对面be closet to最接近……be composed of由构成be equal to与……相等与另一方程同解be equivalent to antherequationbe fewer than小于be greater than大于be greater than or equal to不小于be inscribed in内接于be less than小于be less than or equal to不大于be parallel to平行于be perpendicular to垂直于be substituted for代替billion109binomial二项式bisect把……二等分block立体blot out涂掉，删掉bound辩解，范围；邻接*brand*bulk大量Ccalculate to three decimal计算结果保留三位小数placescancellation约掉，消掉*car poolcatch up withcentcenter圆心central angle圆心角*charge费用，价钱chart图表chord弦circle圆circle graph(chart>圆形图circular圆形的，环形的circular cylinder圆柱circumference圆的周长clear an equation of fractions分式方程整式化clockwise顺时针coefficient系数*coincolumn列，圆柱common denominator公分母common difference等差数列的公差common divisor(factor>共因子；公约数common ratio等比数列的公比common multiple公倍数complement余角complementary angle余角complete circle全圆complete quadratic (equation>全二次方程complex fraction繁分数composite number和数，指大于一而不是质数的整数compound混合物；复利compound interest复利compound annual interest年复利concentration浓度concentric circle同心圆congruent<多边形）全等的consecutive连续的consecutive integer连续整数consecutive even(odd> integer连续偶<奇）数consist of由……构成constant不变的，永恒的；常数constitute构成，组成*contractor承包商convert intocoordinate坐标coordinate axis system坐标系coordinate geometry解读几何coordinate plane坐标平面corresponding angles同位角，对应角corresponding side对应边*cost成本*cost price成本价counterclockwise逆时针cross multiplication交叉相乘cube立方体，立方；三次幂cubic立方体的，立方的cubic block立方体cubic denominations立方单位cubic solid立方体cubic units立方单位cumulative graph(chart>累积图curve曲线curved line曲线cylinder圆柱体cylinderic(al>圆柱体的D*dealer商人decagon十角形，十边形decimal小数；小数的decimal fraction纯小数decimal place小数位decimal point小数点*deck一幅纸牌decrease减少，减少量deduct扣除，减去degree度；度数<温度和角度）denominator分母denote表示，意味着depth深度diagonal对角线；对角线的diameter直径*dietdiffer不同，相异difference差，差额digit数字，位<数）*dime一角，十分dimension尺寸，尺度；维<数），度(数>，元成正<反）比(be> direct(inverse>proportional to*discount折扣discount rate折扣率distance距离distinct与其它不同的，独特的divide除dividend被除数divisor除数，约数divisible可整除的division除法*dollar美元done(drawn> to scale按比例绘制double*dry mixture*down付现款地<和分期付款相对）*dozen*dueEeccentric偏心圆，；不同圆心的edge立体的变或棱*encloseendpoint端点equality相等，等式equation等式，方程equiangular等角的equidistance等距离的equilateral等边形；等边的equivalent等面积的，等体积的；等价的，相等的，等量的equivalent fraction等值分数，如1/2和2/4 even integer偶数evenly even integer能再平分的偶数<能背4整除）evenly spaced等间隔的exponent指数expression表达式exterior angle外角Fface立体的面factor因子；将……分解因子factorable可进行因式分解的factorial阶乘；因子的，阶乘的figure图形*finish line终点线*flatfold对折footcandle<物理）英尺烛光<照度单位）formula公式，配方fraction分数from subtract从……减去……from throughfrom to,inclusiveGgaingeometric mean几何平均数geometric progression几何级数，等比级数geometry几何学graph图表；用图表来表示greatest common divisor最大公约数grid格栅gross总的，毛的Hhalfway半途的halve把……平分为二；将……减半height高heptagon七边形hexagon六边形horizontally水平地how much more thanhundreds百位hundredth第一百个；百分之一hypotenuse<直角三角形）斜边Iidentical相等的；恒等的*illumination照明度improper fraction假分数included angle(side>夹角<边）incomplete quadratic equationindefinitely无限定地independent无关地，独立地independent variables 自变量inequality不等式；不相等in excess of超过……infinite decimal无穷小数，同non-terminating decimalinfinite sequence无穷数列inscribed angle圆周角，同弧所对圆心角central angle的尺寸是圆周角的二倍inside dimension内部尺寸installment分期付款中每一期所付的款项integer整数integer part代分数的整数部分，代分数的分数部分是fractional part*intensity强度intercept截距；截取eg interceptedarc 截弧interest利息interior angle内角in terms of用……来表示intersect直线相交，point ofinetrsection交点interval间隔，区间in turn依次，轮流invert a fraction求一个分数的倒数irrational number无理数Jjoint接合，接合处Lleast(lowest> common multiple最小公倍数leg梯形的两条不平性的边；直角三角形的直角边length长度lengthwise(lengthways>纵长的lesslevellike(similar> terms同类项line直线，线段linesegment/half line半直线，射线line graph线型图literal coefficient字母系数Mmathematical operation数学运算mean平均数mean proportional比例中项measuremeasurementmedian中数；中线midpoint中点midway中途million106minor arc AB劣弧ABminuend被减数minus减mixed decimal混合小数，如3.14mode众数monomial单项式*mowermultiple多倍的，多重的；倍数amultiple ofmultiplicand被乘数multiplication乘法multiplier乘数multiply乘Nnatural number自然数negative number负数negligible可忽略不计的n-gon n-边形nickel五分nonadjacent不相邻的nonagon九边形nonzero非零；非零的not necessarily distinct不必然不同的number数，数字number line数轴，规定了原点，正方向和单位长度的直线，数轴上的点和实数一一对应numerator分数的分子numerical coefficient数字系数Oobtuse angle钝角，大于90度而小于180度的角obtuse triangle钝角三角形octagon八边形odd integer奇数odds事物发生的可能性，机会of one dimension线性的on the average平均operation运算oppositeorder顺序，订单ordinate纵坐标origin原点,origin of coordinates坐标原点original equation原方程overhangoverlap部分重叠，部分搭交Pparallel lines平行线parallelogram平行四边形partpartitionpayrollpenny分pentagon五边形percent百分号percent of interest利率，同rate of interest percent increase增加的百分率percent decrease减少的百分率perfect square(cube>完全平方<立方），e.g.25是5的完全平方perimeter周长perpendicular lines垂线pictograph统计图表pie gragh(chart>圆形图，饼型图palce<位）数plane平面plus加point小数点pointer指针point of tangency切点polynomial多项式pool联营potion一部分positive正的power幂，乘方preceding在前的，先前的prime number质数，素数*principal本金，资本probability概率product<乘）积progression(series>级数，同seriesprojected被预测，被估计proportion比，比率；比例e.g. inproportion to与……成比例。