中科大研究生综合英语听力材料及答案
中国科学院大学研究生学位统考英语a分级考试真题及详解get11--6教案资料
中国科学院大学研究生学位统考英语A分级考试真题及详解G E T11-2007-6Part I Listening Comprehension (25minutes, 20points)Section A (1Point each)1. A. He doesn't like classic music. B. He feels sorry to decline the offerC. He is eager to go to the concert.D. He hasn't got a ticket yet.2. A. At the garage. B. At the restaurant. C. At the supermarket. D. At the office.3. A. Tony doesn't always listen. B. Tony has hearing problems.C. It's unusual that Tony missed the interviewD. Tony often forgets himself.4. A. The weather is generally cooler and drier. B. The weather is generally warmer and wetter.C. The weather is moderately hot.D. The weather is usually changeable.5. A. A doctor. B. An operator, C. A nurse. D. A dentist.6. A. $0.35 B. $3.50 C. $3.05 D. $30.57. A. He had something wrong with his watch. B. He thought the meeting was for a different day.C. His oral presentation was not well-prepared.D. He was not paying attention to the time.8. A. He didn't attend Professor Smith's class last time.B. He thinks the class will meet as scheduled.C. The woman should pose a more serious question.D. Professor Smith often cancels classes for the long weekend.9. A. The woman does not drink beer. B. It was not the woman's coat.C. The woman just had her coat cleaned.D. The woman is not angry with the man. Section B ( 1 point each)10. A. 850,000 children, around two percent, are currently learning at homeB. School system provides teachers for homeschooling.C. All the states in the U.S. permit homeschooling.D. Homeschooled children are never expected to go to college.11. A. Because their children do not like attending schools.B. Because they love their children too much to send them away from homeC. Because homeschooling provides more time for the family to be together.D. Because they are able to help their kids to learn more social skills.12. A. A variety of honeybee. B. A geographic magazine.C. A National Home School Honor SocietyD. A national top competition.13. A. Importance of biodiversity. B. Protection of wild species.C. Farm pollution.D. Agricultural methods.14. A. Rice, maize, potato and wheat. B. Corn, bean, rice and wheat.C. Potato, maize, bean and rice.D. Rice, corn, wheat and sweet potato15. A. They can harm wetlands, rivers and other environments needed to support lifeB. They can destroy crops, native species and property.C. They spread in areas they are not native to with natural controls.D. They hardly survive different conditions.Section C ( 1 point each)Lecture Topic: Getting a good night’s sleep16. There are several ___________ drugs available to help people sleep.If you don’t want to use drugs, there are some things you can do on your own to help get a good night’s sleep:17. 1)___________________________________________18. 2)___________________________________________19. 3)___________________________________________20. 4)___________________________________________PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each )21. Nothing can be more absurd than to say that human beings are doomed.A. compellingB. rationalC. ridiculousD. ambiguous22. The Chinese government continues to uphold the principle of peaceful co-existence.A. supportB. restrictC. raiseD. modify23. Patients are expected to comply with doctors' instructions for quick recovery.A. improve onB. abide byC. draw uponD. reflect on24. Scientists have achieved findings substantial enough to remove our fear of GM foods.A. abundantB. controversialC. conduciveD. convincing25. Those students who have made adequate preparations for the test will be better off.A. more wealthyB. less successfulC. dismissed earlierD. favorably positioned26. If you hold on to a winning attitude, you'll make a greater effort and also create positive momentum.A. influenceB. strengthC. outlookD. consequence27. Academic integrity is deemed essential to those devoted to scientific researches.A. believedB. discardedC. advocatedD. confirmed28. Customers in these markets of antiques are good at slashing prices.A. assessingB. cuttingC. elevatingD. altering29. The public attached great importance to the news that prices of housing would be brought under control.A. joinedB. ascribedC. fastenedD. diverted30. Thousands of people left their rural homes and flocked into the cities to live beside the new factories.A. dashedB. filedC. strolledD. swarmedSection B (0.5 point each)31._________this dull life, the full-time mom decided to find a part-time job.A. Tied up withB. Fed up withC. Wrapped up inD. Piled up with32. In the letter, my friend said that he would love to have me as a guest in his _____ home.A. humbleB. obscureC. inferiorD. lower33. Tom is sick of city life, so he buys some land in Alaska, as far from ________ as possible.A. humidityB. humanityC. harmonyD. honesty34. As an important _______ for our emotions and ideas, music can play a huge role in our life.A. vesselB. vestC. ventureD. vehicle35. The day is past when the country can afford to give high school diploma to all who___six years of instruction.A. set aboutB. run forC. sit throughD. make for36. The wages of manual laborers stay painfully low, meaning digitalization could drive aneven deeper ______between the rich and poor.A. boundaryB. differenceC. wedgeD. variation37. A farmer must learn the kinds of crops best ____ the soils on his farm.A. accustomed toB. committed toC. applied toD. suited to38. The sun is so large that if it were ______, it would hold a million earths.A. elegantB. immenseC. hollowD. clumsy39. This patient's life could be saved only by a major operation. That would _____ her to a high risk.A. exposeB. leadC. contributeD. send40. It takes a year for the earth to make each ________, or revolution, around the sun.A. tourB. travelC. visitD. tripPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Harvard University's under-graduate education is being reformed so that it includes some time spent outside the US and more science courses, the US Cable News Network (CNN) has reported. For the first time in 30 years, Harvard is 41 its under-graduate curriculum. William Kirby, dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, said this 42 what many people had said that Harvard's curriculum did not provide enough choice and encourage premature specialization."Harvard needs to 43 its education for a world where global connections, cross disciplinary research, and science in general are ever more important," said Kirby.Particularly 44 is the idea that students need to spend time overseas, either in a traditional study-abroad program or over a summer, perhaps doing an internship or research.Students can either find the program themselves or 45 some exchange programs offered by the university." 46 studying Chinese history without leaving the university, students interested in the subject should be spending a semester at a university in China."It was also recommended that Harvard 47 its required "core curriculum". The core curriculum was an effort created in 1978 to broaden education by requiring students to choose from a list of courses in several areas of study. Classes often focused on a highly 48 topic and emphasized "ways of knowing".Under a new plan, the curriculum would be replaced with a set of 49 "Harvard College Courses", emphasizing knowledge over methodology and 50 wider territory. A life sciences course, for example, might combine molecular and evolutionary biology and psychology, rather than focusing on one of those, said Benedict Gross, Harvard College dean.41. A. inspecting B. reviewing C. searching D. underlying42. A. in accordanceB. in line withC. in charge ofD. in response to with43. A. update B. uphold C. upset D. upward44. A. trust-worthy B. note-worthy C. praise-worthy D. reward-worthy45. A. turn out B. turn in C. turn to D. turn over46. A. In spite of B. As if C. Let alone D. Rather than47. A. perish B. destroy C. abolish D. denounce48. A. appropriate B. imaginative C. special D. specific49. A. optical B. optional C. opposite D. optimistic50. A. sparing B. spiraling C. spanning D. sparkling PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each) Passage OneA report published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power disaster. The report was published by the UK Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution.'? Quite a lot, it turns out.Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source--exhaust fumes(烟气). Also don't walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward side of the street where exposure to pollutants can be 50 percent less than on the downwind side.Sitting on the driver's side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10 percent, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tends to be, less toxic than that at street level, because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles thrown up by wheels hitting the rails. But diesel and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.When you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly.There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants.51. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to fight air pollution in big cities.B. How to avoid air pollution in big cities.C. How to breathe fresh air in big cities.D. How serious air pollution is in big cities.52. According to the report, air pollution in big cities __________.A. can be more serious than Chernobyl nuclear disasterB. cannot be compared with the disaster in ChernobylC. can release as damaging radiation as the Chernobyl disasterD. can be more serious than we used to think53. When you walk in a busy street, you should walk on the side ___________.A. where the wind is comingB. where the wind is goingC. where the wind is weakerD. where the wind is stronger54. If you take a bus in a big city in China, you should sit _________.A. on the left side in the busB. on the right side in the busC. in the middle of the busD. at the back of the bus55. It is implied in the passage that ________.A. people should not take street level transportationB. tiny iron particles will not cause health problemsC. air pollution on an underground train is less poisonousD. traveling on an underground train is better than taking the bus56. While waiting to cross a busy street, you should ___________.A. wait a few seconds until the fumes reduceB. stay away from the traffic as far as possibleC. hold your breath until you get to the other side of the streetD. count down for the light to changePassage TwoGlobal warming poses a threat to the earth, but humans can probably ease the climate threats brought on by rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, global climate specialist Richard Alley told an audience at the University of Vermont. Alley said his research in Greenland suggested that subtle changes in atmospheric patterns leave parts of the globe susceptible to abrupt and dramatic climate shifts that can last decades or centuries.Almost all scientists agree that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere created as humans burn fossil fuel is warming the planet. How to respond to the warming is a matter of intense political, scientific and economic debate worldwide.Alley said he was upbeat about global warming because enough clever people existed in the world to find other reliable energy sources besides fossil fuels. He said people can getrich finding marketable alternatives to fossil fuel. "Wouldn't it be useful if the United States were to have a piece of the action. Wouldn't it be useful if some bright students from University of Vermont were to have a piece of the action," Alley said.Alley said that Europe and parts of eastern North America could in a matter of a few years revert to a cold, windy region, like the weather in Siberia. Such shifts have occurred frequently over the millennia, Alley's research shows. A gradual change in atmospheric temperature, such as global warming, could push the climate to a threshold where such a shift suddenly occurs, he said.Alley told his audience of about 200 people in a University of Vermont lecture hall Wednesday evening that he couldn't predict if, when or where sudden shifts toward cold, heat, drought or water could occur under global warming, but it is something everyone should consider."This is not the biggest problem in the world. The biggest problem in the world is getting along with each other. But it's part of that because we're not going to get along with each other if we're not getting along with the planet," Alley said.57. According to Ally the climate threats to the earth brought by global warming _________.A. can be easedB. can be endedC. will become worseD. will last for decades58. Ally's research shows that dramatic climate changes may be caused by ___________.A. abrupt changes in atmospheric patternsB. subtle changes in atmospheric patternsC. humans' burning of fossil fuelD. increasing levels of carbon dioxide59. The word "upbeat" (in Paragraph 3) probably means __________.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. worriedD. insensible60. What does Ally suggest people do in order to reduce global warming?A. To find other energy sources besides fossil fuels.B. To start a political, scientific and economic debate.C. To take action to burn no fossil fuels.D. To call on people worldwide to protect our earth.61. Alley predicts that global warming could turn Europe and parts of eastern North America into ______.A. a region like SiberiaB. a warmer and warmer placeC. a tropical regionD. a place like North Pole62. Ally thinks the biggest problem in the world isA. lack of harmonyB. violenceC. global warmingD. climate shiftPassage ThreeWe're talking about money here, and the things you buy with it--and about what attitude we should take to spending.Across most of history and in most cultures, there has been a general agreement that we should work hard, save for the future and spend no more than we can afford. It's nice to have a comfortable life right now, but it is best to think of the future. Yet economists have long known that things don't work out that way. They point to an idea called the "paradox of thrift." Imagine you are the owner of a big business making consumer goods. You want your own staff to work hard and save their money. That way, you don't have to pay them as much. But you want everybody else to spend all the money they can. That way you make bigger profits.It's a problem on a global scale. Many people in the UK and the United States are worried about levels of personal debt. Yet if people suddenly stopped buying things and started paying back what they owe to credit card companies, all the economies of the Western world would collapse. The banks would be happy, but everybody else would be in trouble.Traditionally, economists have believed that spending money is about making rational choices. People buy things to make their life better in some way. But in recent years, theyhave noticed that people often do not actually behave in that way. We all know people who take pleasure in buying useless things. And there are many people around who won't buy things that they need.In a recent series of experiments, scientists at Stanford University in the US confirmed something that many people have long suspected. People spend money because the act of buying gives them pleasure. And they refuse to spend when it causes them pain. The scientists discovered that different areas of the brain that anticipate pleasure and pain become more active when we are making a decision to buy things. People who spend a lot have their pleasure centers stimulated. People who like to save find buying things painful.If you think you really want that product because it's beautiful or useful, you are wrong, say the scientists. The desire to buy something is a product of the reaction between chemicals released by different parts of the brain when the eyes see a product.63. Across most of history and in most cultures, people are advised to _____________.A. enjoy their present life as much as possibleB. spend every penny they have earnedC. save every penny for the futureD. save some money for later use64. According to the context, "paradox" (in Paragraph 2) probably means “__________”.A. contradictionB. hypothesisC. declarationD. assertion65. It is implied that many people in the UK and the United StatesA. have to work hard to make ends meetB. spend more than they can affordC. have trouble in paying back their debtsD. don't pay back their debts on time66. According to the resent studies made by economists, people__________.A. take pleasure in buying useless thingsB. won't buy things that they need.C. spend their money irrationallyD. make rational choices while spending their money67. It has been proved by the scientists at Stanford University that some people like to save money because_____.A. they like keeping their money in the bankB. they will feel safe if they save enough money for the futureC. they don't want to spend their money on useless thingsD. spending money gives them pain68. The passage mainly tells us_________.A. how to spend our moneyB. it is better to save some money for the futureC. it is the chemicals released from the brain that decide our spendingD. how to form a habit of rational spendingPassage FourTrees are good. Good enough to hug. Planting trees will make the world cooler than it would otherwise be. This is the subject of a newly published study by Govindasamy Bala, of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, in California, and his colleagues. Dr Bala has found, rather counter-intuitively, that removing all of the world's trees might actually cool the planet down.The reason for this is that trees affect the world's temperature by means other than the carbon they take in. For instance forests remain quite a dark shade even after a snowstorm. They are certainly darker than grasslands, and thus they can absorb more of the sun's heat than vegetation which might otherwise cover the same stretch of land. That warms things up. Dr Bala and his colleagues took such effects into account using a computer model called the Integrated Climate and Carbon Model. Unlike most climate-change models, which calculate how the Earth should absorb and radiate heat in response to a list of greenhouse-gas concentrations, this one has many subsections that represent how the carbon cycle works, and how it influences the climate.Overall, Dr Bala's model suggests that complete deforestation would cause an additional 1.3ْC temperature rise compared with business as usual, because of the higher carbon-dioxide levels that would result. However, the additional reflectivity of the planet would cause 1.6ْC of cooling. A treeless world would thus be 0.3ْC cooler than otherwise.No one, of course, would consider chopping down the world's forests to keep the planet cool. But having made their point, Dr Bala and his colleagues then went on to look at forest growth and loss at different latitudes. Planting trees in convenient places such as Europe and North America may actually be counterproductive. In Russia and Canada, cutting trees down led mostly to local cooling. The carbon dioxide this released into the atmosphere, though, warmed the world all over. Around the equator, by contrast, warming acted locally (as well as globally), so a tropical country would experience warming created by cutting down trees.The results follow increasing criticism from climate scientists of the benefits of forestry schemes to offset carbon emissions. Planting trees to neutralise carbon emissions has become a big business: £60m worth of trees have been bought this year, up from £20m in 2005. By 2010 the market is expected to reach £300m.69. According to the passage, trees make the world warmer because of their _________.A. deep colorB. round shapeC. enormous sizeD. high reflectivity70. Dr Bala's Integrated Climate and Carbon Model____________.A. supports the findings of other climate modelsB. is based on the results of other climate modelsC. uses a system different from other climate modelsD. challenges the basic theory of other climate models71. Based on Dr Bala's model, a treeless world would__________.A. cause serious environmental problemsB. prove helpful in fighting global warmingC. make it difficult to deal with climate changeD. raise carbon dioxide levels and global temperature72. According to Dr Bala, the best places to plant trees would be__________.A. North AmericaB. EuropeC. High-latitude countries.D. tropical countries73. As is shown in the passage, criticism from other climate scientists__________.A. should be taken rather seriouslyB. is unreasonable and far-fetchedC. involves mostly economic interestsD. is voiced on behalf of the government74. The best title for the passage is____________.A. Should Green Trees Be Left Alone?B. Why Green Trees Might Not Be Green?C. How to Help Green Trees Survive?D. How to Go Green with Green Trees? Passage FiveThe patient needed a spinal tap, and a senior attending physician asked a medical resident whether a preparatory blood test had been checked. The medical student was stunned to hear him answer in the affirmative, because she was quite certain it had not been checked.Well, almost certain.Doctors in training sometimes confront situations in which they worry that their supervising physicians are making mistakes or bending the truth. Yet even though such acts can jeopardize patients, the inclination and ability of young doctors to speak up is hampered by the hierarchies in teaching hospitals.On the top were the senior physicians who made rounds on the wards once or twice daily. Next were the overworked residents, who essentially lived in the hospital while training. Last were the medical students who were most assuredly at the bottom of the heap.The student whose resident seemingly lied to the attending physician about the blood test did not speak up. The resident was a good doctor, she said, and so she had given him the benefit of the doubt. And, she added, both the resident and the attending physician would be grading her.What should a medical student do in such a situation? One possibility is to take the matter up with a more senior doctor. Or the student might go directly to the patient or family, telling them that the physicians have a genuine disagreement and that they deserve to know about it. These options seem logical on paper. As the ethicist James Dwyer has written in The Hastings Center Report, "The practice of always keeping quiet is a failure of caring." But in the real world, it may be extremely difficult to go up the chain of command.Fortunately, medical educators are increasingly recognizing the dilemmas that doctors in training confront when they witness behavior that makes them uncomfortable. Students and residents are now expected to provide routine feedback -- positive and negative -- about their supervising physicians at the close of their rotation.Of course, physicians and students need to be educated about how to give feedback in professional and nonconfrontational ways. Medical educators are only now beginning to teach this skill. Still, it will be hard to change the unfortunate perception that constructive feedback, even for a patient's benefit, is whistle-blowing.75. As mentioned in the passage, the hospital hierarchy______________.A. is useful to the people on the lower layerB. is built on a performance-reward systemC. is a barrier to the exchange of medical viewsD. is an effective way of teaching medical students76. "the benefit of the doubt" in Paragraph 5 shows that_________________.A. the student was not quite certain that she was rightB. the resident did not respond to the student's doubtC. the student was denied the chance to doubt the superiorD. the resident benefited from the student's suggestion77. James Dwyer's words mean that___________.A. students should learn to speak both kindly and professionallyB. students should challenge the superior for the benefit of patientsC. students should retain their faith even after facing some difficultiesD. students should be educated on how to care more about the patients78. What is the attitude of medical educators toward teaching students to give feedback?A. Confused.B. Indifferent.C. Reluctant.D. Enthusiastic.79. The author tends to believe that the problem faced by medical studentsA. will remain for a long timeB. will disappear in the near futureC. should not be exaggeratedD. cannot be solved successfully80. The passage focuses on_____________.A. the development of teaching hospitals' hierarchiesB. the different roles in teaching hospitals' hierarchiesC. the future reforms on teaching hospitals' hierarchiesD. the problems caused by teaching hospitals' hierarchiesPART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)In this book, we offer advice that we hope will seem reasonable and worth serious consideration. But as any experienced writer knows, there are occasions when even the best advice may not apply. The demands of writing for different audiences, with different purposes, on different subjects, at different levels of formality are so varied that they cannot begin to be anticipated in a book like this, and we recognize that what is appropriate for one piece of writing may not be appropriate for another. In most cases, you will have to avoid ambiguity at all costs so as not to leave your words open to misinterpretation．Section B(15 minutes，10 points)中国可持续发展依赖的有限自然资源正在锐减。
中国科学院大学2010年6月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案详解
2010----6PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A (1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. He has better hearing than others．B. He doesn't care what the woman may say.C. He is eager to know the news．D. He doesn't believe what the woman said.2. A. The camera is the latest style.B. The camera is multi-functional.C. The camera is small and fashionable．D. There's nothing new with the camera.3. A. She asks the man to postpone the invitation.B. She tells the man to take a raincoat with him.C. She refuses the invitation because it is raining hard.D. She wants the man to pay the dinner check.4. A. The manager will report to the company.B. The manager will make trouble for the man.C. The manager will get into trouble.D. The manager will fire the man.5. A. She's not courageous enough．B. She didn't have enough time．C. She was afraid of the monster.D. She didn't like the game.6. A. He's broke.B. He's sick.C. He's very tired.D. He has something to do at home．7. A. Stock trading is not profitable.B. The stock market is always unstable.C. Stock trading is easier than the man said.D. Stock trading is not as easy as the man thinks．8. A. James is warm-hearted.B. James is a car technician.C. James knows the woman's car very well.D. James is very skillful in car repairing．9. A. Jake would do stupid things like this.B. The man's conclusion is not based on facts．C. The man shouldn't be on a date with another girl.D. Jake didn't tell the man's girlfriend about his date.Section B (1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear two mini-talks: At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Mini-talk one10. A. In 1984. C. In 1992．B. In 1986. D. In 1996．11. A. Almost 25 billion dollars．B. Almost 2.5 billion dollars．C. Almost 25 million dollars．D. Almost 2.5 million dollars．12. A. Her family. B. Her mother. C. Her father. D. Herself.Mini-talk Two13. A. It covers an area of more than 430 hectares.B. It took more than 16 years to complete．C. The lakes and woodlands were all built by human labor.D. The two designers of the park were from Britain.14. A. 7 kilometers．B. 9 kilometers．C. 39 kilometers．D. 93 kilometers．15. A. Baseball, football and volleyball．B. Basketball, baseball and football.C. Basketball, football and hockey.D. Chess, baseball and table tennis．Section C (1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below. （请在录音结束后把16-20 题的答案抄写在答题纸上）16. The new exhibit is called “______.”(6 words)17. The Family of Man show was designed to express the connections that ______ . (3 words)18. The new exhibit was held at __________. (5 words)19. The new exhibit is divided into several parts: "Children of Man," "Family of Man," "Cities of Man," "Faith of Man"，and “____________”(3 words)20. The theme that comes out is really the unity of mankind that __________. (5 words)PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points）Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. If a country turned inward and insulated itself, the result would be a diminished standard of living.A. worshipedB. splitC. innovatedD. isolated22. The values and beliefs will dictate the direction of your pursuit as well as your life．A. ruleB. shapeC. alterD. complicate23. Studies have proved that smart people tend to be smart across different kinds of realms.A. realitiesB. fieldsC. occupationsD. courses24. Humans are beginning to realize that raising food animals contributes substantially to climate change．A. physicallyB. materiallyC. considerablyD. favorably25. This peer-reviewed journal has a specific emphasis on effective treatment of acute pain.A. urgentB. severeC. sternD. sensitive26. One way to maintain social stability is to crack down on crime while creating more jobs．A. clamp down onB. settle down toC. look down uponD. boil down to27. The city council decided to set up a school devoted exclusively to the needs of problem children.A. forcefullyB. externallyC. reluctantlyD. entirely28. City residents have a hard time trying to avoid contact with hazardous chemicals in daily life．A. dangerousB. prevalentC. novelD. invasive29. The most important aspect of maintaining a healthy diet is whether you can stick to it.A. insist onB. dwell onC. coincide withD. adhere to30. I tried to talk my daughter into dining out in a nearby restaurant that evening, but in vain.A. to my surpriseB. on her ownC. to no effectD. to some extentSection B (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.31. We won't have safe neighborhoods unless we're always tough on drug criminals.A. toughB. roughC. thoroughD. enough32. The challenge for us is to engage these new states in building a more prosperous future.A. participateB. engageC. commitD. contribute33. Forty-five years of conflict and confrontation between East and West are now a thing of the past.A. convictionB. compatibilityC. collaborationD. confrontation34. Few people know the shape of the next century, for the genius of a free people defies prediction.A. deniesB. defiesC. repliesD. relies35. These countries are on the verge of concluding a free trade agreement to propel regional development.A. on the verge ofB. in the interest ofC. on the side ofD. at the expense of36. We‟ll continue along the road mapped out by our presidents more than seventy years ago.A. given outB. made outC. wiped outD. mapped out37. When you win, your errors are obscured；when you lose, your errors are magnified.A. expandedB. obscuredC. cultivatedD. exaggerated38. Although in her teens, the eldest daughter had to quit school to help provide for the family.A. provide forB. head forC. fall forD. go for39. Carbon footprint refers to the total set of greenhouse gases emissions caused by an organization.A. fingerprintB. footstepC. footprintD. blueprint40. There is no question that ours is a just cause and that good will prevail.A. vanishB. wanderC. witherD. prevailPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, l point each)Directions：There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. 41-45 BAADA 46-50 CDBAC When people search online, they leave a trail that remains stored on the central computers of firms such as Google, Yahoo and Microsoft. Analyzing what we're looking for on the Web can offer a remarkable insight into our anxieties and enthusiasms. UK writer and Internet expert John Battelle wrote on his blog, “This can tell us extraordinary things about who we are and what we want as a culture” Google‟s experimental service Google Trends，for example, compares the numbers of people searching for different words and phrases from 2004 to the present. According to these graphs, sometimes people's interests are obviously driven by the news agenda: when the Spice Girls announce a reunion, there‟s an immediate rush to find out more about them. Other results are strikingly seasonal: people go shopping online for coats in winter and short pants in summer. The most fascinating possibility is that search data might help predict people‟s behavior. When we search online for a certain brand of stereo system, we are surely indicating we are more likely to buy that brand. Perhaps we search for a political candidate‟s name when we are thinking about voting fo r him or her. Maybe we even search for “stock market crash” or “recession” just before we start withdrawing from our investments. This information could clearly be useful to a smart marketer---it's already how Google decides which advertisements to show on its search results pages---or to a political campaign manager.41. A. investigation B. insight C. consideration D. prospect42. A. extraordinary B. obvious C. mysterious D. sensitive43. A. culture B. nation C. person D. mass44. A. reduced to B. resulting in C. backed up by D. driven by45. A. rush B. push C. charge D. dash46. A. presume B. preoccupy C. predict D. preserve47. A. liking B. alike C. like D. likely48. A. fighting against B. voting for C. believing in D. running for49. A. withdrawing from B. depositing in C. turning down D. adding to50. A. notices B. papers C. advertisements D. statementsPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage OneNew York‟s WCBS put s it in a way that just can't be better expressed: “It was an accident waiting to happen.” 15-year-old Alexa Longueira was wandering along the street in Staten Island, obliviously tapping text messages into her phone as she walked. Distracted by her phone, she failed to notice the open manhole（下水道容井）in her path, and plunged into it, taking an unprepared bath of raw sewage along with receiving moderate injuries. Longueira called the dive “really gross, shocking and scary.” It‟s not all Longueira‟s fault. The manhole shouldn‟t have been left uncovered and unattended, and no warning signs or hazard cones had been set up near the work site. A worker with New York‟s Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), who was preparing to flush the sewage, helped her out, and the department later issued a formal apology for the incident. Nonetheless, observers are harshly divided over who is to blame here. The DEP is certainly at fault for failing to secure the manhole, but to what extent should the girl be held accountable for failure to be aware of her surroundings? If she had stepped into traffic and been hit by a car, would her reaction (that is: anger and a potential lawsuit) be any different? Detachment from one‟s environment due to electronic gadgets is a growing problem 一and a hazardous(有危险的；冒险的；碰运气的) one. The government is even trying to get involved; with multiple laws on the books across the country outlawing cell phone use and text messaging while operating a motor vehicle in the wake of serious accidents involving distracted drivers. New York Senator Kruger even tried to criminalize the use of handheld devices (including phones, music players, and game players) by pedestrians while they are crossing streets in major New York cities, due to concerns over the number of auto vs. pedestrian accidents. Following a substantial outcry, that legislation appears never to have been formally introduced. But did Kruger have a point? What interested me, at least, is the end of the story above that Longueira lost a shoe in the sewage. But since other things are not reported as lost, I'm guessing she appears to have managed to keep her grip on her phone during the accident.51. By “It was an accident waiting to happen”, New York‟s WCBS meant that _________.A. the accident should have been avoidableB. this kind of accidents happen frequentlyC. somebody was glad to see what would happenD. an open manhole is sure a trap for careless pedestrians52. When the girl fell into the open manhole, she _________.A. was seriously hurtB. was frightenedC. took a bath in the raw sewageD. cried help to the DEP worker53. According to the author, who was to blame for the accident?A. The girl herself.B. The DEP worker.C. Both A and BD. Nobody.54. According to the passage, which of the following is illegal in the US?A. Talking on a cell phone while driving.B. Text messaging while walking across a street.C. Operating music players while drivingD. Operating game players while walking across a street.55. The phrase “in the wake of ” (Para.5) is closest in meaning to “___________”.A. in view ofB. on condition ofC. as far asD. with regard to56. The author found it funny that the girl had __________.A. lost a shoe in the sewage in the accidentB. reported nothing lost after the accidentC. got a firm hold of her phone during the accidentD. managed to keep herself upright in the manholePassage TwoAccording to a study, intellectual activities make people eat more than when just resting. This has shed new light on brain food. This finding might also help explain the obesity epidemic of a society in which people often sit. Researchers split 14 university student volunteers into three groups for a 45-minute session of either relaxing in a sitting position, reading and summarizing a text, or completing a series of memory, attention, and alert tests on the computer. After the sessions, the participants were invited to eat as much as they pleased. Though the study involved a very small number of participants, the results were stark. The students who had done the computer tests downed 253 more calories or 29.4 percent more than the couch potatoes. Those who had summarized a text consumed 203 more calories than the resting group. Blood samples taken before, during, and after revealed that intellectual work causes much bigger fluctuations in glucose （葡萄糖）levels than rest periods, perhaps owing to the stress of thinking. The researchers figure the body reacts to these fluctuations by demanding food to restore glucose 一the brain's fuel. Glucose is converted by the body from carbohydrates（碳水化合物）and is supplied to the brain via the bloodstream. The brain cannot make glucose and so needs a constant supply. Brain cells need twice as much energy as other cells in the body. Without exercise to balance the added intake, however, such “brain food” is probably not smart. Various studies in animals have shown that consuming fewer calories overall leads to sharper brains and longer life, and most researchers agree that the findings apply, in general, to humans. And, of course, eating more can make you fat. “Caloric overcompensation following intellectual work, combined with the fact that we are less physically active when doing intellectual tasks, could contribute to the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries,” said lead researcher Jean-Philippe Chaput at Laval University in Quebec City, Canada. “This is a factor that should not be ignored, considering that more and more people hold j obs of an intellectual nature,” the researcher concluded.57. The passage mainly tells us that _________.A. consuming fewer calories can lead to sharper brainsB. thinking consumed more calories than restingC. resting more can make people fatD. brain cells need more energy than other cells in the body58. It is implied that to avoid obesity, people who have to sit long should__________.A. think more and eat lessB. increase the intake of vitaminsC. skip some mealsD. eat less potatoes59. The word “stark” in the 3rd paragraph is closest in meaning to “_________”.A. negativeB. obscureC. absoluteD. ambiguous60. According to the research, which of the following activities consumed the most calories?A. Relaxing in a sitting position.B. Reading professional books.C. Summarizing a text.D. Completing tests on the computer.61. According to the passage，eating less may make people __________.A. smarterB. less intelligentC. more emotionalD. live a shorter life62. One of the reasons for the obesity epidemic currently observed in industrialized countries is that in these countries __________.A. people take different exercisesB. fewer people watch their weightC. fewer people hold physical jobsD. foods are much cheaperPassage ThreeOne of the simple pleasures of a lazy summer day is to be able to enjoy a refreshing slice of watermelon either at the beach, at a picnic, or fresh from the farmer's market．Delicious and nutritious, watermelon is one of those guilt-free foods we can all enjoy: one cup of watermelon packs only about 50 calories！Watermelons are not only cooling treats for when the mercury starts to rise; they are also loaded with healthy nutrients such as vitamin A, （vitamin C, lycopene 番茄红素）and etc. Vitamins A and C and lycopene are antioxidants, which are substances that work to help get rid of the harmful effects of substances. Research has suggested that a diet high in fruits and vegetables that have plenty of antioxidants can reduce the risk of heart disease, some cancers, and some other dangerous diseases. A cup of watermelon provides 25% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C and 6% of the recommended daily value of vitamin A. Additionally, researchers have found that lycopene, a nutrient most traditionally associated with tomatoes, is found in equal or greater quantities in watermelon. Watermelons also provide significant amounts of vitamin B6 and vitamin B 1, both of which are necessary for energy production. In combination with the minerals and vitamins already described, these B vitamins add to the high nutrient richness of watermelon. Due to its high water content (watermelon is 92% water by weight) and low calorie count; watermelon is a good choice to satisfy your hunger while you try to eat a healthy diet: Think of them as nature's answer to the heavily marketed “vitamin water” craze. Besides the textured, watery flesh of the fruit, watermelon seeds are also widely eaten as a snack. They are rich in iron and protein and are often pressed for oil or roasted and seasoned. So if you are planning on dining outdoor this summer, or simply looking for a quick and convenient refreshment to serve to unexpected company or reckless children, reach for watermelon. The kids will enjoy its crisp taste and messy juices, the adults will enjoy its refreshing flavors, and everyone will benefit from its nutritious value.63. We don‟t feel guilty even if we eat more watermelon because _________.A. it is deliciousB. it is nutritiousC. it contains low caloriesD. it contains antioxidants64. The phrase “when the mercury starts to rise” (Para. l）probably means “__________”.A. in summer eveningsB. on sunny daysC. when people are thirstyD. when it is getting hot65. How many cups of watermelon can satisfy the daily need for vitamin C? A. One B. TwoC. ThreeD. Four66. By saying “Think of them as nature‟s answer to the heavily marketed “vitamin water” craze”, the author means __________.A. watermelon can take the place of vitaminsB. with watermelon, people don't have to buy vitamin waterC. natural foods are much better than the manufactured onesD. the vitamin water has been over-advertised67. Watermelon seeds are often _________.A. fried in oilB. stored for seasonsC. prepared with spiceD. pressed before being cooked68. The best title of the passage is __________.A. Watermelon-the Most Enjoyable RefreshmentB. The Wonders of WatermelonC. The Nutrients in WatermelonD. Watermelon the Best Summer Food for ChildrenPassage FourInitial voyages into space introduced questions scientists had never before considered. Could an astronaut swallow food in zero gravity? To keep things simple, astronauts on the Project Mercury ate foods squeezed out of tubes．It was like serving them baby food in a toothpaste container. But these early tube meals were flavorless, and astronauts dropped too many pounds. “We know that astronauts have lost weight in every American and Russian manned flight,” wrote NASA scientists Malcolm Smith in 1969．"We don't know why.”Feeding people in space was not as easy as it looked. Floating around in space isn't as relaxing as it might sound. Astronauts expend a lot of energy and endure extreme stresses on their bodies．Their dietary requirements are therefore different from those of their gravity-bound counterparts on Earth. For example, they need extra calcium to compensate for bone loss. “A low-salt diet helps slow the process, but there are no refrigerators in space, and salt is o ften used to help preserve foods;” says Vickie Kloeris of NASA. “We have to be very careful of that.” By the Apollo missions, NASA had developed a nutritionally balanced menu with a wide variety of options. Of course, all the items were freeze-dried or heat-treated to kill bacteria, and they didn‟t look like regular food. Today, the most elaborate outer-space meals are consumed in the International Space Station (ISS), where astronauts enjoy everything from steak to chocolate cake．ISS is a joint venture between the U.S．Russia, and The and diplomatic guidelines dictate the percentage of food an astronaut must eat from each country. NASA's food laboratory has 185 different menu items, Russia offers around 100, and when Japan sent up its first crew member in 2008，about 30 dishes came with him. Due to dietary restrictions and storage issues, astronauts still can't eat whatever they want whenever they feel like it. In 2008，NASA astronaut and ISS crew member Sandra Magnus became the first person to try to cook a meal in space．It took her over an hour to cook onions and garlic in the space station's food warmer, but she managed to create a truly delicious dish: grilled tuna（金枪鱼）in a lemon-garlic-ginger sauce-eaten from a bag, of course.69. Which of the following is true about the early space meals?A. They had to be eaten from a bag.B. They tasted better than they looked.C. They could not make eating as easy as possible.D. They were not nutritious enough for astronauts.70. It seems that astronauts‟weight loss __________.A. was an unusual problem among astronautsB. was what puzzled the early scientistsC. caused new problems in space flightsD. drew the attention of the general public71. According to Vickie Kloeris, serving a low-salt diet in space __________.A. is easier said than doneB. is not absolutely necessaryC. has worked as expectedD. will be the future trend72. In the International Space Station, _____________.A. there is enough space to store enough foods for astronautsB. there is a selection of flavored foods from a dozen countriesC. astronauts in general prefer foods from their own countriesD. astronauts‟need to eat their favorite foods can't always be met73. It can be learned that Sandra Magnus, cooking in space __________.A. left much to be desiredB. wasn't worth the effortC. was quite satisfactoryD. has inspired the others74. The passage mainly introduces ____________.A. the variety of food options in spaceB. the dietary need of astronauts in spaceC. the problems of living in the space stationD. the improvement of food offered in spacePassage FiveIs it possible to be both fat and fit-7-not just fit enough to exercise, but fit enough to live as long as someone a lot lighter? Not according to a 2004 study from the Harvard School of Public Health which looked at 115,000 nurses aged between 30 and 55．Compared with women who were both thin and active, obese (overweight) but active women had a mortality irate that was 91％higher. Though far better than the inactive obese（142% higher); they were still worse off than the inactive lean (5% higher)．A similar picture emerged in 2008 after researchers examined 39,000 women with an average age of 54. Compared with active women of normal weight, the active but overweight were 54% more likely to develop heart disease. .. That‟s settled, then. Or is it? Steven Blair, a professor 0of exercise science at the University of South Carolina, describes the official focus on obesity as an “obsession…and it‟s not grounded in solid data”. Blair‟s most fascinating study, in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2007, took 2,600 people aged 60 and above, of various degrees of fatness, and tested their fitness on the exercise device, rather than asking them to quantify it themselves. This is an unusually rigorous approach, he claims，since many rival surveys ask participants to assess their own fitness, or ignore it as a factor altogether. “There is an …ass ociation‟between obesity and fitness,” he agrees, “but it is not perfect. As you progress towards overweight, the percentage of individuals who are fit does go down. But here's a shock: among class 11 obese individuals [with a body mass index between 35 and 39.9]，about 40% or 45% are still fit. You simply cannot tell by looking whether someone is fit or not. When we look at these mortality rates in fat people who are fit, we see that the harmful effect of fat just disappears: their death rate during the next decade is half that of the normal weight people who are unfit." One day----probably about a hundred years from now---this fat-but-fit question will be answered without the shadow of a doubt. In the meantime，there anything that all the experts agree on? Oh yes: however much your body is weighs, you‟ll live longer if you move it around a bit.75. It can be learned that the 2008 research ________.A. posed a challenge to the 2004 studyB. confirmed the findings of the 2004 study．C. solved the problems left behind by the 2004 studyD. had a different way of thinking from the 2004 study76. Steven Blair probably considers the previous studies asA. unreliableB. uncreativeC. unrealisticD. untraditional77. The major difference between Blair's study and the previous research is that ________.A. Blair excluded the participants’fitness as a factorB. Blair guessed the participants‟fitness after weighing themC. Blair required the participants to assess their own fitnessD. Blair evaluated the participants‟fitness through physical tests78. Blair‟s study proves that __________.A. the weight problem should be taken seriouslyB. weight and fitness are strongly connectedC. it is possible to be both fat and fitD. fat people have a higher death rate79. It can be seen from the description of these studies that the author—A. shows no preference for any researcherB. finds no agreement between the researchersC. obviously favors the Blair studyD. obviously favors the Harvard study80. The purpose of writing this passage is to ___________.A. call on people to pay attention to the weight problemB. present the different findings of various weight studiesC. compare the strength and weakness of different studiesD. offer suggestions on how to remain fit and live longerPAPER TWO译写答题注意事项一、本试卷(Paper Two)答案一律写在答题纸II (Answer Sheet II )上，草稿纸上的答题内容一律不予计分。
研究生英语听力及教材答案
1.我不相信幸运这一类事情.我认为大多数时候事情发展地顺利或不顺利主要因为人们自己的行为.我相信大多数的情况下你可以通过努力工作,自我约束,坚持不懈,把个人的发展作为每天必考虑的事情等方面创造自己的幸运.2.许多的职业都包含其他人(的参与). 你可能具有超强的学术能力,然而缺少社交能力,即有能力倾听别人,对其他人(的反应)敏感,甚至游刃有余地给出或吸纳批评.3.如果你周边的环境经常让你意志消沉,也许你的确该改变一下了,可能不是改变你的位置,但至少是你的态度.如果你能学会很好地利用任何情况,你就能消除掉挡在你和你梦想之间的可怕的障碍.4.任何人在忙忙碌碌的时候都会犯错误.但是注意力不集中的人经常遇到麻烦不是因为他们太忙了,而是因为他们缺乏优先考虑的事情.这样,不仅浪费了他们的实践,也浪费了资源.5.如果你拒绝变化,你就是拒绝成功.学会灵活,否则就得学会习惯忍受失败.6.你的天分越大,你就有可能越倚赖于天分,甚至忽视日复一日完善它的工作.如果你有了这样消极的倾向,给自己定一个进步计划,这样你就能充分利用好上帝给你的天赋.2第二单元翻译1．老师、教授常被描述成生活在象牙塔中的理想主义者，他们脱离实际。
人们指责他们只强调学力或学业，而这些对帮助学生将来求职或就业并无直接关系。
2．大学之所以存在，是因为它在人们富于想象力的学习中成为老少两代人之间的纽带，因而保持了知识和生活热情之间的联系。
3．我们必须使每个学生开始明白：他/ 她在人类连绵不断的链条上只是其中的一环，这一环虽小，却至关重要。
这链条的前面有数千年的历史，并向无限的未来延伸。
4．人生不是支离破碎地学习一些课程，充实的人生应该是发现艰巨的任务并运用我们掌握的智慧和能量工具来完成这些任务。
我们准备放手让你们来完成一些艰巨的任务。
让我们拭目以待——看看你们如何来完成。
5．让我们为学生营造环境，使他们成长为有创造性、有思想的人，成为一群懂历史、哲学、宗教、文学等等的个体。
研究生英语视听说Unit 6原文与答案
Unit 6 Traveling and Sightseeing Thinking AheadStudents are asked to discuss the following questions in groups. The reference answers for the questions are offered below:1. Do you like traveling? Where have you been before?Yes, I do. I have been to quite a lot of places, Mountain Tai, the Great Wall, Korea and Singapore, among which, Singapore impresses me the most for its combination of both a prosperous society and city of natural beauty. Believe me: you can never forget this country once you take a deep breath of fresh air there.2. How to make a reservation in the hotel?Firstly, you should make it clear when you want to check in, how long you are supposed to stay there. Then, you should tell what kind of room and how many rooms you want. The last but not the least is that, you must leave your name and maybe your contact number, which will surely help you a lot afterwards.3. What should you pay attention to when at table abroad?mind your manners at table;pay attention to your words and gestures;handle your knives and forks correctly;never talk with your mouth full;never make sounds when you’re eating or drinking something.Part I Video TimeIn this part, students will have 2 tasks to accomplish.Task 1In task 1,students will watch a video clip from The Beach and then do the exercises as required. Before watching, they are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural notes related to the video.TranscriptFirst Visit to BangkokMy name is Richard.So what else do you need to know?Stuff about my family or where I’m from?None of that matters.Not once you cross the ocean and cut yourself loose.Looking for something more beautiful, something more exciting, and yes, I admit, something more dangerous.So after 18 hours in the back of an airplane, three dumb movies, two plastic meals, six beers and absolutely no sleep, I finally touched down in Bangkok.“Hey, you! How about you? You want to go to the waterfall? Come on! Floating market! 1,500! Cheap for you! Come on. Hey!”“Hey, you need somewhere to stay?”“No. I’ll be fine. I’ll find my own place. Thanks.”“What do you want, man?”…And this is it—Bangkok, good time city, gateway to Southeast Asia.Where dollars and Deutschmarks get turned into counterfeit watches and genuine scars.“Good time. Boy? Girl? No problem.”…This is where the hungry come to feed.“You want to drink snake blood?”“Wait a minute. Did you say snake blood?”“Oh, yeah.”“No, thanks.”“What is wrong with snake blood?”“I just don’t like the idea.”“Or maybe you’re scared? Afraid of something new?”“No. I just don’t like the idea, that’s all.”“Ha ha! Like every tourist. You want it all be safe, just like America.”So never refuse an invitation.Never resist the unfamiliar.Never fail to be polite.“Gentlemen, that was excellent.”Never outstay your welcome.Just keep your mind open and suck in the experience.And if it hurts, it’s probably worth it.(From /u/40/114596200.pdf) Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Watching for Global UnderstandingStudents are asked to watch the video clip and answer the following questions.1) What did Richard do in the plane?He watched three dumb movies, had two plastic meals, and drank six bottles of beer.2) What suggestions did Richard give us?Never refuse an invitation.Never resist the unfamiliar.Never fail to be polite.Never outstay your welcome.Exercise 2 Watching for Specific InformationStudents are asked to watch the clip and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1) None of that matters.2) Good time city.3) This is where the hungry come to feed.4) Gentlemen, that was excellent.5) And if it hurts, it’s probably worth it.Task 2In task 2,students will watch a video clip about the sight spot—Sierra Madre and then do the exercises as required. Before watching, they are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural notes related to the video.TranscriptSierra Madre TourismThe sheer beauty of northern Mexico’s Sierra Madre Mountains is only one reason why many visitors come a long way to enjoy some quiet time in this part of the country known as the Copper Canyon.“Its natural beauty and panorama that it offers is unbelievable. If you just look at the beauty that you see here. It’s, it’s aw e-inspiring.”The views of the beautiful canyons are spectacular. A train ride through dozens of tunnels adds to the allure of the mountains. And the opportun ity to interact with the region’s Tarahumara Ind ians is another reason this isn’t an average mountain destination.“You have the Tarahumara Indians, inhabit in these mountains. And the Tarahumara Indians is one of the most unique native Americans that you still can see in its original state or the, in the original habits that they have kept for thousands of years.”But is this entire natural environment at risk as a result of an increase in tourism itself? Not according to an areal businessman, who believes in playing by the rules of nature for the benefit of the region.“It’s a, it’s a very complex thing, but we believe that is (the) only way to go. And for future generations, we have to start now by preserving what we have and letting older generations alsoenjoy what we’re doing right now. So, it’s a job and it’s a work that we’re gonna do forever.”Tourism officials say there is no reaso n to worry. They say there aren’t enough visitors in the Copper Canyon region to prompt cause for concern. But they are preparing for the future by researching and developing conservation plans.“Of course, we want to develop the area but we’re taking care of nature. It’s very important for us to protect nature. The Copper Canyon is very very important for tourism in the state of Chihuahua.”“We want to be more cautious. We created an organization called Sierra Madre Explorer that is dedicated, you know, to keep the, the, perhaps, to keep the destination as untouchable as we can. And so that’s a big effort we’re doing because we see a big responsibility to keep it very very clean and very eco-safe.”Regardless of the reason, mountain lovers are pleased that at least for now the precious landscape won’t be touched by the hand of economic progress.(From /index.php?showtopic=130873) Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Making a Sound JudgmentStudents are asked to watch the video and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).T 1) The beauty of northern Mexico’s Sierra Madre Mountains is one reason why visitors come to enjoy this part of the country.F 2) Tourism officials want to develop the area without taking care of nature.T 3) They have already created an organization to protect the holiday destination.F 4) Nowadays the landscape is touched by the hand of economic progress.Exercise 2 Essay WritingIn the video we can obviously feel that people are worrying about whether tourism will do harm to the natural environment. In other words, they are concerning about the ecological crisis. Students are asked to write a composition entitled The Ecological Crisis on the Booming Tourism to express their opinions on this topic. They should write at least 200 words.SampleThe Ecological Crisis on the Booming TourismTraveling is among many people’s favorite recreations, which enables us not only to broaden our horizons, but also to shape our mind and spirits. However, just like a coin has two sides, tourism may bring about a serious problem—ecological crisis. The environment has been suffering with the boom of tourism. In order to attract tourists, many places have been turned intoresorts. Forests are gone, prairies are destroyed, rivers and lakes are polluted, and wild animals are dying out.These horrible scenes should give rise to our great attentions. We must protect our eco-environment while enjoying the beautiful scenery. In order to keep a balance between tourism and ecology, the concept of eco-tourism, which intends to bring people closer to nature with as little disturbance as possible, should be advocated. Funding environmental programs and limiting excessive exploitation of natural resources should be done by all levels of governments. What we need to do is simple: do not litter; strictly observe regulations at resorts, and use as few plastic bags and boxes as possible, only by which, can we hope to build a harmonious environment for traveling. At last, we should keep in mind that when we travel we should take away nothing but memories and leave nothing but footprints.Part II Listening ActivitiesIn this part, students will have 3 listening tasks to accomplish.Task 1In task 1, students will listen to a dialogue about taking a reservation over the phone and then do the exercises as required.TranscriptTaking a Reservation over the PhoneLeo: Plaza Hotel, good morning. Leo speaking.Mona:Ah yes, I’d like to book two rooms for myself and my father. Could you tell me the cost ofa single room per night?Leo: Certainly. A single room is 120 dollars American, per night.Mona: Fine.Leo: And when would you like the rooms?Mona: From the 25th to the 28th of September.Leo: Arriving on the 25th of September and leaving on the 28th? Three nights?Mona:That’s right.Leo: Just a minute please.(Sound of tapping on computer keyboard)Yes, we have rooms available then. You require two single rooms?Mona: Yes, thank you.Leo: Can I have your name please?Mona: My name is Mona White.Leo: And your father’s name, Ms White?Mona: Jack Webber.Leo: Could you spell the surname please?Mona: Sure. W-E-double B-E-R.Leo: Double P for Papa?Mona: No, double B for Bravo.Leo: And how will you be paying for your room, Ms White?Mona: By credit card.Leo: Both rooms on the same card?Mona: Yes.Leo: Your card number please?Mona: 4434 1234 5678 9902Leo: Double one, zero two?Mona: No, double nine zero two.Leo: 4434 1234 5678 9902?Mona:That’s right.Leo: And the expiry date?Mona:Eleven, …(Phone crackle obscures date)Leo: Could you repeat that please?Mona: November this year.Leo: Thank you. I’ve booked two rooms for Ms White an d Mr. Webber from Wednesday the 25th to Saturday the 28th of September.Mona: Thank you.Leo: You’re welcome. We’ll see you on the 25th, Ms White.Mona: Thanks a lot. Goodbye.Leo: Goodbye.(From /oralenglish/lvyou/2007-08-23/12563.html) Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Listening for DetailsStudents are asked to listen to the dialogue and fill out the specific information in the chart below.Exercise 2 Listening and TalkingStudents are asked to listen to the dialogue again and try to make a similar dialogue.Sample for the DialogueJohn: Crown Hotel, good morning, John speaking.Mike:Ah…morning, I would like to book a room for me and my w ife, you know, we have just got married and we planned to spend our honeymoon there, do you have any special room for us?John: Yes, sir. We recommend two kinds of honeymoon suites for you.Mike: And what is the price difference?John: One kind is a double room with a front view for 140 dollars per night. The other one with a rear view is 115 dollars per night.Mike: I think I will take the one with a front view then. And what services come with that? John: Yes, sir. We will offer you a bunch of roses every morning for free.Mike: That sounds not bad at all.John: Then when would you like the rooms, sir?Mike: 5th to 10th March.John: Thank you, sir. Can I have your name and mobile phone please?Mike: Ah…yes, Mike, M-I-K-E. My phone number is 999 86523.John: Thank you, sir, then how would you like to pay?Mike: By credit card.John: Credit card number, please?Mike: 3453 3377 9464 1111.John: Expiry date?Mike: October next year.John: Thank you, sir. You have booked a honeymoon suite with a front view from 5th to 10th March.Mike: That is right, thank you.John: You are welcome. We will see you on 5th, March, Mr. Mike.Mike: Thanks. See you.John: See you.Task 2In task 2, students will listen to a dialogue about dining and then do the exercises as required. Before listening, they are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural notes related to the dialogue.TranscriptWaiter: Hello, my name’s John. I’ll be your waiter this evening. Can I get you anything from the bar for starters?Derek: No, thanks. What we really need is a booster chair for our daughter. Do you have one?Waiter: Yes, of course. The hostess should have brought you one. Just a moment.Waiter: Our special tonight is Duck Chambord, which is roast duck served in a raspberry sauce with fresh raspb erries. It’s also served with wild rice and a medley of vegetables. That is17.95 and it comes with soup or salad.Sandy: What is your soup of the day?Waiter: Our soup of the day is French onion.Sandy: The duck sounds good. One of us should have it.Derek: Alright, you order the duck.Sandy: Fine.Derek: She will have the duck, and I will have the filet mignon.Waiter: How would you like your filet mignon, sir? Rare, medium rare, or well-done?Derek: Medium rare.Waiter: And would you like soup or salad with your meals?Sandy: I want salad.Derek:I’ll have the soup. French onion, yes?Waiter:Yes, that’s right. It’s very good. I recommend it.Sandy: Our daughter will share some of our meal with us. Could you bring an extra plate for her? Waiter: Of co urse, Ma’am. I will also bring your sourdough bread in just a moment.Sandy: Our bread?Waiter: Yes, we serve it at all tables.Sandy: Good. Thank you.(From /lesson/lyyyky/63046.html) Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Listening for Global UnderstandingStudents are asked to listen to the dialogue and answer the following questions.1) Who should have brought the booster chair to the couple?The hostess.2) Why did the woman ask for an extra plate?Their daughter will share some of their meal with it.3) What did the restaurant serve at all tables for free?sourdough breadExercise 2 Listening for DetailsStudents are asked to listen to the dialogue again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1) Can I get you anything from the bar for starters?2) Our special tonight is Duck Chambord, which is roast duck served in a raspberry sauce withfresh raspberries.3) That is 17.95 and it comes with soup or salad.4) How would you like your filet mignon, sir? Rare, medium rare, or well-done?5) It’s very good. I recommend it.6) I will also bring your sourdough bread in just a moment.Additional ListeningIn this section, students will listen to a passage about the longest suspension bridge in the world and then do the exercises as required. Before listening, they are supposed to read the words, expressions and cultural notes related to the passage.TranscriptThe Longest Suspension Bridge in the WorldVerrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbor in 1524 and named it Angou lême. He described it as “a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the mids t of which flowed a great river”. Though V errazano is by no means considered to be a greatest explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the longest suspension bridge in the world was named after him.The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has a span of 4,260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms made of steel and concrete. The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended. Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire. It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. However, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and e legant, fulfilling its designer’s dream to c reate “an enormous obje ct drawn as faintly as possible”.(From /Article/1321.shtml)Key to ExercisesExercise 1 Listening ComprehensionStudents are asked to listen to the passage and choose the best answers to the questions.1) D2) A3) BExercise 2 Listening for DetailsStudents are asked to listen to the passage again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1)Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbor in 1524 andnamed it Angoulême（安古拉姆）.2) The platforms extend to a depth of over 100 feet under the sea.3) Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet.4) Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire.Part III Oral PracticeIn this part, students will have 3 tasks to accomplish.Task 1 Group DiscussionStudents are asked to work in groups and tell each other three places where they would make their dream trips if they had the time and money. They should explain their reasons for their choice.SampleIf I had money and time, I would first go to Greece, next to Paris and then to Austria. I choose Greece as the first because ancient Greek civilization impresses me the most and I am looking forward to a visit to the Parthenon, which is the most important and characteristic monument of Greek civilization.My second choice is Paris which is a romantic city and the paradise for artists. Paris, the “City of Lights”, is best known for its world-renowned beauty and charm. The Louvre which is located on the right bank of the Seine River is one of the largest and most famous museums in the world. Other places like the Eiffel Tower, the Notre Dame Cathedral and the Palace of Versailles are all attractive places of interest.I choose Austria, the land of music, out of my love for classical music. Austria is the hometown of many world-famous classical musicians such as the Strauss family, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Franz Schubert whose music I have been enjoying for years.Hopefully, my dream will be fulfilled one day. As you can see, all these places are located in Europe and thus it won’t cost too much to visit and take too long before I can save enough money to cover the expenses.Task 2 Pair WorkIn partⅡtask 2, students have heard a dialogue about dining a broad. Imagine it’s the lunch time in a coffee shop. Students are asked to work in pairs and make a short dialogue between a customer and a waiter/waitress.Sample for the DialogueWaitress: Hello, may I take your order?Customer: Yes, I would like the tomato and cucumber salad, garlic bread, spaghetti and meatballs and iced tea with lemon please.Waitress: Do you want to upgrade that to a super value meal?Customer: No, thanks, but what is a special meal?Waitress: That is a set meal with little fat for people on a diet. Would you like one? Customer: No, thanks, this is enough.Waitress: Is this for here or to go?Customer: I eat in, oh, and can I get some apple pies?Waitress: Sorry, the pie machine is out of work. Your total is 6 bucks.Task 3 Role PlayStudents are asked to find two partners to play the roles of a local guide, Wang and two tourists, Jack and Mike. Jack and Mike have never been to the Great Wall before and are curious about almost everything. Wang introduces the Great Wall to them, and tries his/her best to answer their questions.Sample for the DialogueWang: We’re approaching Badaling and you will see the Great Wall in a short while.Jack: Wonderful! We’ve been waiting for it so long.Mike: W hat’s the length of the Great Wall?Wang: The Great Wall meanders from east to west for about 6,000 kilometers or 12,000 li. That’s why we call it in Chinese “Wan Li Chang Cheng”, w hich literally means “Ten Thousand Li Long Wall”.Jack: And it was built more than 2,000 years ago?Wang: Yes, construction of the Wall first began during the Warring States period about 2,500 years ago. Some kingdoms built huge walls hoping to protect their territories. When Qin Shihuang or the First Emperor unified China in 221BC, he decided to have the various sections of the walls linked up and also extended. From that we got the Great Wall.Jack: And that’s what we’re going to see, right?Wang: No, not really. The Qin Great Wall hasn’t got much left today. In the subsequent dynasties, the Great Wall was rebuilt many times. The last massive rebuilding of the Great wall was in Ming Dynasty. The Great Wall we shall see at Badaling was rebuilt then. Oh, here we are.Please remember the number of our bus. Should you go astray from the group as I knowsome younger members of our group would like to have a quick climb to the top, please re member to come here before 11 o’clock.Jack: What are those towers on the wall spaced at regular distances from one another?Wang: They are beacon fire towers. In ancient times, if attacked by enemies the guards would set off smoke in the day-time and bonfire at night to alarm troops stationed along the wall. Jack: I see Bob and Ma rk are already on the wall. Let’s quicken our steps.Wang: Please watch your step. It’s very steep here and the surface is a little slippery.Jack: I now understand why you told us to wear no high heeled shoes.Wang: Shall I give you a hand?Mike: No, no. I’m doing fine with the help of the banisters.Jack: Hold on. A few more steps will bring us to the top.Wang: Now, this is the furthest point we can go. Beyond here, the wall has not been restored yet.Why don’t we sit down and rest for a while before we turn back?Mike: This is such a lovely place! Green mountains roll over one another. Lush trees dot the slopes. A gentle breeze caresses us and the Great Wall winds its way like a giant serpent. Wang: I also want to tell you a well-known legend. In 221 B.C., in ShanXi Province there was a poor scholar. One day the soldiers came to his village and seized every man in sight, but the scholar managed to escape by hiding himself in a garden. He was discovered by a beautiful young girl named Meng Jiangnu who helped him. Soon they fell in love. But on their wedding d ay he was seized by the emperor’s soldiers and taken to the Great Wall to work.For months and months, Meng Jiangnu waited for her husband to return but there was no news of him. Finally she decided to go to the Great Wall to look for him. After a long and hard journey, she arrived at the beginning of the wall, at Shanhaiguan by the sea. After searching for him for many weeks, she finally gave up her hope. In great despair she knelt by the wall and wept for three days and three nights. The wall, weakened by her tears, collapsed around here and there, where great stones had once been, lay the dead body of her husband.Meng Jiangnu was heart-broken. She threw herself into the sea and drowned. If you get the chance to go to Shanhaiguan yo u’ll see a temple dedicated to her memory over-looking the sea.Jack: Well, Wang, you are not only knowledgeable about history, but also have the gift of the gab!(From /yingyu/55/n-90755.html) Time for FunOne-breath EnglishStudents will listen to the following recording and repeat the sentences after the tape.Step 1Use one breath to imitate the speakers’ pronunciation and intonation. Try to control your speed and make sure you have the right and clear pronunciation and intonation.Step 2Articulate it as clearly and quickly as possible.。
国科大研究生听说教程听力原文 Unit 2
UNIT 25What’s She Like?Describing the Appearance and Character of People IntroductionIn your everyday life, you usually have to answer questions such as “What’s so-and-so like?”This question doesn’t mean that you have to exactly describe the appearance of thisperson. The best way to answer this kind of question is to point out what kind of person he orshe is and then maybe the characteristics of his or her appearance. To ask about a person’s 5appearance specifically, the question “What does so-and-so look like?”is usually used.Consider the following clues in describing people.Physical description: general personal impression, age, height, face, clothes and so on.Other characteristics: personality, job, interests or hobbies, their life history, achievements, family and so on.Make sure you realize that the description of a person or place should be tactful. It is extremely rude to say to someone something like this: “You are a narrow-minded overweightmiddle-aged person!”5Part One Listening InKen: Hello?Mary: Hi, Ken. It’s Mary, Mary Graham.Ken: Oh hi, Mary. How are you?Mary: I’m fine. How are you?Ken: Fine.Mary: Listen, um... I want to ask you some questions about Jim Wilson—you know him, don’t you?Ken: Sure.5Mary: What’s he like?Ken: Well, why are you asking about Jim?Mary: Well, I want to try and get a part-time job at his store...Ken: Oh, well Jim’s a nice guy...Mary: Mm-hmm.Ken: I mean he’ll give you decent hours, a decent wage, and plenty of breaks.Mary: Well, that sounds good. Um, what does he look like? I’ve got to meet him at the Sunset Restaurant for lunch and I can’t remember.Ken: Oh, well he’s about thirty-six...Mary: Uh-huh.5Ken: ... six-foot-two...Mary: Oh, sounds kind of nice.Ken: Mm.Mary: Um, is he a, a formal kind of guy, or does he dress casually?Ken: Oh, he rarely dresses casually. He always wears three-piece suits and ties—dresses very 0much in style.Mary: Oh, I see, I better dress up then...Ken: Yeah, it might be a good idea.Part Two Better Listening5Section A006: You’d better give me my instructions. I have to leave soon.Z: Just a minute, 006. I have a message for you. You have to meet the Boss, tonight.006: Oh no! Not... the Boss!Z: That’s right, 006! He’ll be in a disco called Mama Mia tonight at ten o’clock.006: In a disco? But... I’ve never met him! What does he look like?Z: Well, he’s very tall, very tall, and he has very long, dark hair.006: Long hair? How old is he?5Z: Mm... About forty-five, I guess.006: And what about a flower? Will he be wearing a flower of any kind?Z: A flower? No. But he will be wearing a T-shirt saying “Bruce Springs is the Boss!”006: A Bruce Springs T-shirt?! All right, Z. And thanks!Z: Good luck, 006. And enjoy the disco! Listen carefully. You have to meet Agent X at the bus 0station at 7:00 this evening.Section BConversation One5Reporting a CrimePoliceman: You say he was around average height.Victim: Yes, that’s right. Around five nine, five ten.Policeman: Weight?Victim: I’m not sure. Medium, I suppose. Maybe a little on the heavy side.Policeman: Any marks on his face?Victim: No, I don’t think so.Policeman: Glasses?Victim: No.Policeman: What about his hair?5Victim: Black or dark brown.5Policeman: Long or short? Straight? Curly?Victim: Straight, I think, and about average length.Policeman: Boy, this sure doesn’t help us very much. It could be anybody. How about hisclothes? What was he wearing?Victim: Well, he had a checked or a plaid shirt—you know, the kind that lumberjacks wear. 0Policeman: OK, now we’re getting somewhere. Pants?Victim: Dark, maybe dark blue, maybe black. I’m not sure.Policeman: What kind of shoes?Victim: Boots.Policeman: Cowboy boots?5Victim: No, hiking boots—brown ones.Policeman: All right, that narrows it down a little. Now I want you to look at some pictures.(a picture)Conversation TwoA: Pardon me. Would you know who that gentleman over there is?B: The one with the moustache, you mean?A: That’s right.B: That’s Mr. Thayer, the delegate from Australia.5A: Do you know who that gentleman is?B: Which gentleman?A: The one who’s talking to the man from India.B: Oh, yes. That’s Dr. Koo. He’s the delegate from Taiwan.A: I wonder who that delegate is.B: Which one?A: The attractive woman in the long skirt.B: That’s Mrs. Nababan. She’s from Indonesia.A: What a wonderful costume that delegate is wearing.B: Which one do you mean?5A: The man who’s standing next to the door.B: Ah, yes. That’s the delegate from Nigeria. Mr. Achebe, I think.A: Who’s that woman talking to Mr. de Souza?B: The one in the black evening gown?A: Yes, that’s right.B: That’s Mrs. Baldez from Mexico.Section A55Suggested accepting responses:W: Officer! Officer!O: Yes, ma’am.W: Somebody just took my purse! My money, my credit cards—everything’s gone!O: All right. Just calm down a minute. OK. Now, what did the person look like?W: He was kind of tall and thin.O: About how tall was he?W: Around five foot ten.O: Five foot ten. And how much did he weigh?W: I’m not sure. Maybe around 140 pounds.5O: And about how old was he?W: Oh, he was fairly young—in his mid-teens, I think... sixteen or seventeen.O: And what color was his hair?W: Blond, and it was long and straight.O: Eyes?W: I don’t know. It all happened so fast.O: Yes, of course. What was he wearing?W: Jeans and a T-shirt. Oh, and a denim vest.O: Fine, and now tell me about your purse. What did it look like?W: Well, it was dark brown, and it had a shoulder strap.5O: What was it made of?W: Leather.O: OK, now I’ll need your name and address.Part Four Comprehensive PracticeSection AMs. Mendose: OK. That’s it. Now, we have to make a decision. We might as well do that now,don’t you think?5Mr. Day: Sure. Let’s see. First we saw Frank Brzinski. What did you think of him?Ms. Mendose: Mmm. Frank. Well, he’s certainly a very polite young man.Mr. Day: Yes. And very relaxed, too. That’s important.Ms. Mendose: But his appearance!Mr. Day: Ummm. He wasn’t well dressed at all, was he? He wasn’t even wearing a tie!Ms. Mendose: But he did have a nice voice. He’d sound good on the telephone.Mr. Day: True. And I thought he seemed very intelligent. He answered all our questions very well.Ms. Mendose: That’s true. But dressing well is important. Well, let’s think about the others.Now, what about Barbara Jones? She had a nice voice, too. She’d sound good 5on the telephone, and she was well-dressed, too. What did you think of her?5Mr. Day: Mmmm. She did look very neat. Very nicely dressed. But I...Ms. Mendose: But so shy! She wouldn’t be very good at talking to people at the front desk,would she?Ms. Day: No. That’s really my worry about her. But she seemed pretty smart I thought.Ms. Mendose: Yes, yes, she did seem intelligent. But so nervous. So uncomfortable.Mr. Day: Ummm. OK. Now, who was next? Ah, yes. David Wallace I thought he was very good, had a lot of potential. What about you?Ms. Mendose: Mmm. He seemed like a very bright guy, didn’t you think? He dressed verynicely, too, and he had a really nice appearance.Mr. Day: Ummm. And what about his personality? He seemed relaxed to me—the type of 5person people feel comfortable with right away. I guess I was pretty impressed byhim.Ms. Mendose: Yes, I was too. He was very polite, but also very friendly and relaxed, as yousay. I think he’d be very good with the guests at the front desk, don’t you?Mr. Day: Yes, I do. He had a very pleasant voice, too.Ms. Mendose: That’s right. Well, was there anyone else? Oh yeah. Lois Johnson. I reallydidn’t think very much of her. She was too quiet. She hardly said a word.Mr. Day: That’s right. And when she did speak, I could hardly hear a word she was saying, she spoke so quietly?Ms. Mendose: Yeah. She was polite enough, I suppose... But another thing. She wasn’t very 5well dressed for an interview. I’m not sure she would know how to dress forthe job.Mr. Day: I agree. And she didn’t seem to understand half of our questions, either. She certainly gave some very strange answers when she did answer!Ms. Mendose: Ummm. OK. Good. I guess we have our receptionist, then, don’t you?Mr. Day: Yes, I think so. We’ll just offer the job to...。
中国科学院大学研究生学位统考英语A分级考试真题及详解GET3 2003-6
PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A (1 point each)1. A. The man shouldn't care what Sandra said.B. The man shouldn't listen to Sandra.C. The man should talk openly with Sandra.D. The man should get back home early.2. A. A boss and an employee.B. A lawyer and a client.C. A shop assistant and a customer.D. A bus driver and a passenger.3. A. The woman helped to do part of the experiment.B. The woman proposed some good ideas in the experiment.C. The woman was grateful for the success of the experiment.D. The woman recommended some useful books for the experiment.4. A. It is very neat.B. It is a mess.C. It is very pleasant.D. It is a hell.5. A. He got the camera at a very low price.B. The camera is very expensive.C. The camera is worth nothing.D. He does not like the camera.6. A. Because it provides free service.B. Because it is the best store of its kind.C. Because it has a great variety of goods.D. Because it has high quality goods there.7. A. Because he is going to find a new job.B. Because he has to work over-time in the office.C. Because he is going to move to a new town.D. Because his job is too demanding for him.8. A. Because he is very inspiring.B. Because he is very brave.C. Because he made some great achievements.D. Because he is a successful ruler.9. A. He is very stem with his employees.B. He works very hard himself.C. He is very satisfied with his employees.D. He makes excessive demands on his employees.Section B ( 1 point each)10. A. Because his mother wanted him to learn.B. Because he preferred the violin to the piano.C. Because he heard a friend of his play it.D. Because he thought the violin was for classical music.11. A. He joined the Army Orchestra.B. He stopped playing the violin.C. He played more than 100 concerts a year.D. He played classical music for American soldiers.12. A. Everyone needs music'.B. People are born musical.C. Children love music more than adults.D. Music is the product of human civilization.13. A. In developed countries.B. In developing countries.C. In European countries.D. In Asian countries.14. A. They teach and convey cultural values in schools.B. They work as volunteers in developing countries.C. They help take care of the AIDS patients.D. They take care of their own grandchildren at home.15. A. They can no longer perform their jobs well.B. They don't want to work any longer.C. They have to give up their jobs to youngsters.D. No boss would like to hire older employees.Section C ( 1 point each)16. Sam Maloof is the best-known ___________ of hand-made furniture.17. According to Sam Maloof, a successful chair or table contains something of ___________.18. Where are the 65 pieces of Mr. Maloof's furniture shown?19. What did People Magazine call Sam Maloofin 1986?20. How much does a piece of Maloof's furniture cost today?PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each )Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. The focus on profitability pushes the systems unreasonably large, rendering them more vulnerable to terrorist attacks.A. declaringB. verifyingC. makingD. indicating22. The 8.5-ton Shenzhou III spaceship has been substantially improved in terms of the life-support system.A. technologicallyB. considerablyC. structurallyD. internally23. According to the American judicial system twelve people constitute a jury.A. composeB. overthrowC. disposeD. surpass24. With so many trivial matters to attend to, he can hardly get down to reading for the test.A. participate inB. cater toC. indulge inD. see to25. The decently dressed son and the humble-looking father formed a striking contrast.A. astonishingB. humiliatingC. noticeableD. fleeting26. Nowadays the prevention against SARS has assumed new significance and attracted much attention.A. carried onB. taken onC. worked onD. embarked on27. At the economic forum, each speech by a distinguished guest has to be translated simultaneously.A. once in a whileB. at the same timeC. in a broad senseD. as soon as possible28. Studies of the role of positive thinking in our daily lives have yielded interesting results.A. specificB. activeC. creativeD. confident29. This training course is intended to improve the competence of English of the staff.A. proficiencyB. graspC. efficiencyD. competition30. Students are supposed to set aside enough time for recreations and sports.A. set apartB. leave outC. go aboutD. put upSection B (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a dingle bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.31. Some of the old customs have continued ___ politeness although they are no longer thought about now.A. in the way ofB. in the eyes ofC. in the face ofD. in the form of32. One of the chief functions of slang words is to consolidate one's _____ with a group.A. identificationB. specificationC. introductionD. superstition33. Given the other constitutional grounds elaborated by the justices, the association ______that schools should continue to test, if they so choose.A. preservesB. safeguardsC. maintainsD. conserves34. Finding out information about these universities has become amazingly easy for anyone with the Internet ______.A. entranceB. admissionC. accessD. involvement35. Lack of exercise as well as unhealthy dietary habits can increase the risk of ______.A. mobilityB. moralityC. maturityD. mortality36. On this bridge many suicide attempts are _______; lives can be saved.A. impulsiveB. responsiveC. destructiveD. speculative37. Abraham Lincoln was born on a small farm where the forests were _____ by wild animals.A. residedB. inhabitedC. segregatedD. exhibited38. Some teenagers are so crazy about video games as to play them many hours _____, if possible.A. on purposeB. on handC. on creditD. on end39. Authorities of wildlife have spent millions of dollars on the protection of nature ______.A. reservesB. preservativesC. conservativesD. reservations40.The young lady is Mr. Smith's step-daughter, her ______ parents having died in an accident.A, ecological B. psychological C. physiological D. biologicalPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark thecorresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.No one knows for sure whether the type of tea you drink makes a difference in health, but experts say all kinds of teas probably have some health 41 . Each contains high levels of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), 42 affect the process by which oxygen interacts with a substance to change its chemical 43 . But, the way tea is processed can change antioxidant levels 44 color and taste.Green tea is made by picking the leaves and quickly heating them to stop oxidization. Green tea typically has a 45 , fresh taste. Black tea is processed to fully oxidize and ferment (发酵) the leaves and create a stronger taste. Some experts suggest that this 46 some variation in health effects between black and green teas. The more rare white tea is considered the finest of teas because it 47 the youngest buds from the plant, which are still covered with whitish hairs when they're picked. White and green teas have 48 amount of caffeine. But even black teas contain only about half as much caffeine as coffee.Herbal teas are something 49 different. They are made from the leaves, flowers or roots of various plants. Herbal teas can vary widely 50 their health effects.41. A. advantages B. benefits C. merits D. profits42. A. where it B. that C. which D. when it43. A. elements B. ingredients C. fragment D. composition44. A. as well as B. as it is C. as far as D. as it were45. A. faint B. mild C. tender D. gentle46. A. joins in B. hands in C. results in D. gives in47. A. composes of B. makes out C. makes up D. consists of48. A. less B. the least C. more D. the most49. A. entirely B. inevitably C. enormously D. irresistibly50. A. in case of B. in proportion to C. in exchange for D. in terms ofPART IV READEING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage OneSingletons, referring to those who live alone, are being comforted by well-meaning friends and family and told that not having a partner is not the end of the world. So, it would seem that they can say, yes, it is not. But no, in fact, it is the end.A gloomy study has just been released that says that the international trend towards living alone is putting an unprecedented strain on our ecosystem.For a number of reasons--relationship breakdown, career choice, longer life spans, smaller families--the number of individual households is growing. And this is putting intolerable pressure on natural resources, and accelerating the extinction of endangered plant and animal species. And here is worse news. Running a refrigerator, television, cooker, plumbing system just for selfish little you is a disastrous waste of resources on our over-populated planet. "The efficiency of resource consumption" is a lot higher in households of two people or more, simply because they share everything. Well imagine that. Just when you thought living alone was OK, you would find that all the time you were the enemy of mankind. Every time you put the kettle on the stove for a cup of coffee you were destroying Mother Earth. Indeed, it is not just your mother who is a bit worried by your continuing single status--you are lettingdown the entire human race by not having a boyfriend or girlfriend. The trouble is that society has a group instinct and people panic and hit out when they see other people quietly rebelling and straying away from the "standard" of family and coupledom.The suggestion is .that singledom should be at best a temporary state. Unless you are assimilated into a larger unit, you can never be fully functional.Try "communal living." There are all these illustrations of young attractive people having a "great time," laughingly bumping into each other. It looks like an episode of the TV series "Friends."And the message is clear: Togetherness is good, solitude is bad, and being single on your own is not allowed.51. Well-meaning friends and family members often tell those who live alone that _______.A. they should end their singtedom as soon as possibleB. they should live together with other singletonsC. singledom is an acceptable life-styleD. singledom can shorten one's life-span52. Which of the following may NOT be the reason for the increasing number of households as mentioned in the passage?A. Many people get divorced because of unhappy marriage.B. Now people can afford to support a household individually.C. Some people have to sacrifice family life for their careers.D. Many people live much longer than before.53. The author thinks living alone is disastrous mainly because singledom is ______.A. harmful to people's lifeB. destructive to our ecosystemC. dangerous to plants and animalsD. unworkable in our society54. It is implied in the passage that singletons are usually ________.A. self-reliantB. self-consciousC. self-sufficientD. self-centered55. When seeing others living alone, some people panic because they think singledom is ________.A. abnormalB. diversifiedC. unimaginableD. disgusting56. The author suggests that singletons should _________.A. find boy friends or girl friendsB. live with their parents and other family membersC. live together and share more with their friendsD. watch more episodes of the TV series "Friends"Passage TwoIn 1999 when MiShel and Carl Meissner decided to have children, they tackled the next big issue: Should they try to have a girl? It was no small matter. MiShel's brother had become blind from a hereditary condition in his early 20s, and the Meissners had learned that the condition is a disorder passed from mothers to sons. If they had a boy, he would have a 50 per cent chance of having the condition. A girl would be unaffected. The British couple's inquiries about sex selection led them to Virginia, US, where a new sperm-separation technique, called MicroSort, was experimental at the time. When MiShel became pregnant she gave birth to a daughter. Now they will try to have a second daughter using the same technique.The technique separates sperm into two groups--those that carry the X-chromosome (染色体) producing a female baby and those that carry the Y-chromosome producing a male baby.The technology was developed in 1990s, but the opening of a laboratory in January 2003 in Californiamarked the company's first expansion. "We believe the number of people who want this technology is greater than those who have access to it," said Keith L. Btauer, the company's clinical director.This is not only a seemingly effective way to select a child's gender. It also brings a host of ethical （伦理的）and practical considerations--especially for the majority of families who use the technique for nonmedical reasons.The clinic offers sex selection for two purposes: to help couples avoid passing on a sex-linked genetic disease and to allow those who already have a child to "balance" their family by having a baby of the opposite sex.Blauer said the comply has had an impressive success rate: 91 per cent of the women who become pregnant after sorting for a girl are successful, while 76 per cent who sort for a boy and get pregnant are successful.The technique separates sperm based on the fact that the X chromosome is larger than the Y chromosome. A machine is used to distinguish the size differences and sort the sperm accordingly.57. Why did MiShel and Carl decide not to have a boy?A. Because they might give birth to a blind baby.B. Because Carl might pass his family's disease to his son.C. Because the boy might become blind when he grows up.D. Because they wanted a daughter to balance their family.58. When MiShel gave birth to her first girl, the new sperm-separation technique _______.A. had already been well-developedB. had not been declared successfulC. was available to those who wanted itD. had been widely accepted in the medical world59. Which of the following is the author's primary concern regarding the application of the new technology?A. The expansion of the new technology may not bring profits to the companies.B. Most people who use the technology will not have a baby as they want.C. The effect of the new technology still needs to be carefully examined.D. Increasing use of the technology may disturb the sex balance in the population.60. According to Mr. Blauer, by using the new technology, _________.A. 91% of the women' successfully give birth to girlsB. 76% of the women get pregnant with boysC. it is more successful for those who want to have girlsD. it is more successful for those who want to have boys61. The sperm-separation technique is based on the fact that the chromosomes responsible for babies' sex ________.A. are of different shapesB. are of different sizesC. can be identifiedD. can be reproduced62. We can infer from this passage that the new technology ___________.A. may not guarantee people a daughter or a son as they desireB. is used by most families for nonmedical reasonsC. has brought an insoluble ethical dilemma for mankindD. will lead to a larger proportion of females in the populationPassage ThreeWithout question there are plenty of bargains to be had at sales time---particularly at the top-quality shops whose reputation depends on having only the best and newest goods in stock each season. They tend, for obvious reasons, to be the fashion or seasonal goods which in due course become the biggest bargains.It is true that some goods are specially brought in for the sales but these too can provide exceptional value. A manufacturer may have the end of a range left on his hands and be glad to sell the lot off cheaply to shops; or he may have a surplus of a certain material which he is glad to make up and get rid of cheaply; or he may be prepared to produce a special line at low cost merely to keep his employees busy during a slack period. He is likely to have a good many "seconds" available and if their defects are trifling these may be particularly good bargains.Nevertheless, sales do offer a special opportunity for sharp practices and shoppers need to be extra critical. For example the "second" should be clearly marked as such and not sold as if they were perfect. (The term "substandard", incidentally, usually indicates a more serious defect than "seconds".) More serious is the habit of marking the price down from an alleged previous price which is in fact fictitious. Misdescription of this and all other kinds is much practiced by the men who run one-day sales of carpets in church halls and the like. As the sellers leave the district the day after the sale there is little possibility of redress. In advertising sales, shops may say "only 100 left" when in fact they have plenty more; conversely they may say "10,000 at half-price" when only a few are available at such a drastic reduction. If ever the warning "let the buyer beware" were necessary it is during sales.63. Which kind of goods can be among the best bargains?A. Cheapest goodsB. Newest goodsC. Seasonal goodsD. Goods in stock64. The Second paragraph deals with all of the following types of goods EXCEPT _________.A. surplus goodsB. low-cost goodsC. the end lot goodsD. exceptionally valued goods65. In order to maintain his business during a bad time, a manufacturer mayA. have his goods produced at low costB. sell his goods at a very low priceC. have his employees sell his goodsD. try to produce high quality goods66. The passage suggests that "seconds" __________.A. are of better quality than "substandard goods"B. attract buyers as particularly good bargainsC. are defective but marked as perfectD. are goods with serious defects67. The word "redress" (the underlined word in the last paragraph) probably means _______.A. dressing againB. change of addressC. compensation for something wrongD. selling the same product at different prices68. During sales shoppers should ________.A. find the best bargains at every opportunityB. beware of being cheatedC. buy things that are necessaryD. pay more attention to the pricePassage FourHow many of today's ailments, or even illnesses, are purely psychological? And how far can these be alleviated by the use of drugs? For example a psychiatrist concerned mainly with the emotional problems of old people might improve their state of mind somewhat by the use of anti-depressants but he would not remove the root cause of their depression--the feeling of being useless, often unwanted and handicapped by failing physical powers.One of the most important controversies in medicine today is how far doctors, and particularly psychologists, should depend on the use of drugs for "curing" their patients. It is not merely that drugs may have been insufficiently tested and may reveal harmful side effects (as happened in the case of anti-sickness pills prescribed for expectant mothers) but the uneasiness of doctors who feel that they are treating the symptoms of a disease without removing the disease itself. On the other hand, some psychiatrists argue that in many cases (such as chronic depressive illness) it is impossible to get at the root of the illness while the patient is in a depressed state. Even prolonged psychiatric care may have no noticeable effect whereas some people can be lifted out of a depression by the use of drugs within a matter of weeks. These doctors feel not only that they have no right to withhold such treatment, but that the root cause of depression cart be tackled better when the patient himself feels better. This controversy is concerned, however, with the serious psychological illnesses. It does not solve the problem of those whose headaches, indigestion, backache, etc. are due to "nerves". Commonly a busy family doctor will ascribe them to some physical cause and as a matter of routine prescribe a drug. Once again the symptoms are being cured rather than the disease itself.It may be true to say, as one doctor suggested recently, that over half of the cases that come to the ordinary doctor's attention are not purely physical ailments. If this is so, the situation is serious indeed.69. The author thinks that drugs used for treating psychological ills _________.A. could be ineffective in some casesB. usually have harmful side effectsC. can greatly alleviate the illnessesD. can remove the root causes70. The controversy mentioned in the passage focuses on ___________.A. whether psychologists should use drugs to cure their patientsB. how psychologists should treat their patientsC. the fact that all of the drugs have harmful side effectsD. the extent to which drugs should be used to fight psychological illness71. The passage indicates that psychologists ___________.A. find it impossible to remove a psychological diseaseB. feel dissatisfied at treating their patients with drugsC. believe that the root cause of a disease can be ignoredD. can do nothing if the patient is in a depressed state72. When treating patients with psychological problems, some doctors feel that they___________.A. are at a loss for treatmentB. have no right to use drugsC. have to cure their patients by any meansD. should use drugs to treat the symptoms73. A family doctor would normally consider a headache or backache as a result of ___________.A. a more serious diseaseB. some emotional problemC. a physical disorderD. prolonged work74. Regarding the situation of psychological problems the author feels ___________.A. concernedB. hopelessC. surprisedD. disappointedPassage FiveThose who make the rules for financial institutions probably should take a modified oath. Their pledge would be: First, do no harm. Second, if the reforms put before me are unclear, don't approve them.Charles Morris may not have intended his new book Money, Greed, and Risk to cast such a dim lighton the regulators, but it does. In fact, it may serve as a wake-up call for true believers in our current regulatory structure, most of which was erected in the 1930s and most of which Morris seems to favor, despite the stupid results it has caused.Morris, a former Chase Manhattan banking executive, outlines in great detail; again and again, how regulators, lawmakers, firms and many of the customers marched straight into mortgage, currency, thrift ( 互助储蓄) and other investment disasters. His discussion of Regulation Q, an attempt by Congress in the 1960s to rescue ailing savings and loans by regulating interest rates, reveals not only Congressional economic illiteracy, but also the deep harm such foolish thinking can do to the real economy.After some 260 pages listing the foolish things of Wall Street, regulators and lawmakers, Morris draws some pessimistic conclusions: "One constant in all the crises is that the regulatory responses come only after a crisis hits its peak." For example, it "took the S&L crisis of the 1980s to bring honest accounting to thrifts, and it wasn't until the banking sector suffered huge losses in real estate and foreign loans that regulators began to enforce strict capital standards."So, what is the point of regulation? Morris, who is excellent at recounting tales of regulation gone bad, asserts that regulation is absolutely necessary, that it is the essential plumbing in our economic house. Nevertheless, Mr. Morris should have noticed that plumbing requires plumbers, and while a good one can keep a house functional, a rotten plumber can turn a minor drip into a ruinous flood.75. The passage is primarily concerned with _________.A. recommending Morris's new bookB. criticizing Morris's attitude to regulationsC. describing current economic situationsD. commenting on financial regulators76. Which of the following is true of Money; Greed and Risk?A. It discusses the importance of plumbing in keeping a house functional.B. It describes a great number of financial disasters in detail.C. It analyses the reasons for regulating the banking industry.D. It emphasizes the flaws in the financial system of the 1930s.77. Regulation Q is quoted in the passage mainly to _________.A. demonstrate what kind of examples Morris has cited in his bookB. illustrate that misguided policies can be very harmful to economyC. support Morris's statement about the incompetence of Congressmen and bankersD. refute Morris's conclusion about the foolishness of the government regulations78. The government regulations often fail to bring the desired result partly because ________.A. the regulators do not understand economy wellB. the regulations are enforced before a crisis hits its peakC. banking executives do not believe in the current regulatory structureD. the standards for financial institutions are not consistent79. According to the passage, which of the following is true of Morris?A. He needn't have recounted so many financial disasters.B. He has little faith in the present-day regulatory system.C. He has failed to point out that regulators are more to blame than unwise regulations.D. His book will undermine the readers' faith in the current regulatory structure.80. The author's attitude towards Morris's new book can best be described as______.A. scornfulB. appreciativeC. satiricalD. critical。
研究生英语一参考答案
研究生英语一参考答案一、听力部分1. A) 根据对话内容，女士询问男士是否需要帮助，男士回答不需要，因为他已经熟悉这个地方了。
因此，正确答案是A。
2. B) 男士提到他正在寻找一家书店，女士告诉他书店在街对面。
正确答案是B。
3. C) 对话中女士提到她正在为即将到来的考试复习，因此正确答案是C。
4. D) 男士询问女士是否愿意和他一起去看电影，女士回答说如果时间允许的话她会去。
正确答案是D。
5. A) 女士询问男士是否已经完成了他的论文，男士回答说还没有，但很快就会完成。
正确答案是A。
6-10. 根据对话内容，可以分别得出以下答案：6. B)7. C)8. A)9. D) 10. B)二、阅读部分1. 根据文章第一段，作者提到了全球化对教育的影响，因此正确答案是A。
2. 文章第二段提到了不同国家教育体系的差异，正确答案是B。
3. 作者在第三段中讨论了教育的个性化需求，正确答案是C。
4. 第四段中提到了教育技术的发展，正确答案是D。
5. 文章最后一段强调了终身学习的重要性，正确答案是E。
三、完形填空1. 根据上下文，这里需要一个表示“尽管”的词，因此正确答案是Despite。
2. 这里需要一个表示“适应”的词，正确答案是Adapt。
3. 根据语境，这里需要一个表示“挑战”的词，正确答案是Challenges。
4. 这里需要一个表示“观点”的词，正确答案是Perspective。
5. 根据语境，这里需要一个表示“重要性”的词，正确答案是Importance。
6-20. 根据文章内容，可以分别得出以下答案：6. C)7. A)8. B)9. D) 10. E) 11. F) 12. G) 13. H) 14. I) 15. J) 16. K) 17. L) 18. M) 19. N) 20. O)四、翻译部分1. 原文：随着社会的发展，人们越来越重视环境保护。
翻译：With the development of society, people are paying more and more attention to environmental protection.2. 原文：教育不仅仅是学习知识，更重要的是培养个人的综合素质。
(完整版)研究生英语听说教程答案(修订版)
Unit OnePart I Listening PracticeSection A Listening for GistTask 11.air hostess2.teacher3.dentist4.shop assistant5.tourist guide6.salesman7.Disc Jockey8.traffic warden9.waiter 10.taxi driverTask 21.airways, flight2.homework3.open up wide, filling, chippedrger size, fit, stock5.building, designed6.buys, products7.record, radio8.yellow line, no-parking9.menu, chef 10.road, parkSection B Plans for WeekendTask 31.Pat2.Jill3.Mary4.Sam5.Ted6.JaneSection C Discussing Plans for the WeekendTask 41.B2.C3.B4.C5.A6.BSection D Making ArrangementsTask 5 A.2 B.4 C.3 D.1Task 61.bring: records meet: bus stop2.bring: sandwiches, fishing rod and drinks meet: at the river3.bring: white wine meet: at Pat’s house4.bring: dessert-chocolate cake and drinks meet: in front of his housePart III Listening Comprehension Test1-10: DCABD/CBACCUnit TwoPart I Listening PracticeSection A Guessing about the Situation and SpeakerTask 11.Football Matchw Court3.Church4.Quiz Show5.Airport6.Weather Forecast7.Car Showroom8.Driving Lesson9.School 10.Tour (of London)Task 21.Football Commentator2.Judge/Magistrate3.Vicar/Priest/Minister4.T.V. Presenter5.Announcer6.Forecaster7.Car Salesman8.Driving Instructor9.Head Master/Principal 10.Tour GuideSection B Looking for a FlatTask 31.About a flat.2.Joe is going to rent flat.3.They are friends or classmates.4.She is a landlady.Task 41.34New Street in Kanden2.$75 including gas and electricity3.one bedroom flat, central heating, small kitchen, bathroom, washing machine4.Mrs. Green5.4 o’clock this afternoonSection C Discussing Plans for the WeekendTask 5ndlord and tenant.2.The man is talking about the house rules.3.She has agreed.Task 61.Don’t allow a cat to go upstairs.2.no smoking in a bedroom3.Don’t stick pictures with sellotape on the wall.4.Close the window when you go out.5.Don’t put the kettle on the chest of drawers.Section D Apartments for RentTask 7Thomas Street University AvenueTaft Road Metcalf StreetTask 81.Metcalf Street 3.University Avenue2.Thomas Street 4.Taft ROADPart III Listening Comprehension Test1-10: CBCBB/CBCBDUnit ThreePart I Listening PracticeSection A Listening for Specific InformationTask 11.weight; 13 pounds2. 2.a car; 6503. a cash-card; 89764. a fax; 593381; code 4408655. a bank account; 609177186. a foreign-exchange counter; 410,000 peso (Exchange rate: 4,100 to 1)7.weather; 83 F8.Waterloo; 1815Task 21.On a diet and doing a keep-fit class.2.Rusty, expensive.3.Yes.4.He’ll contact him and talk about the new contract.5.Probably in a bank.6.For a holiday.7.Because Dave and Jane are there.8.Quiz.Section B Describing Different PeopleTask 31.Sex: female2.Sex: maleAge: about 35 Age: an older man about seventyHeight: about average Height: rather short, about five feet or five feet two Hair: long black Hair: Grey, large mustacheOthers: glasses, yellow flower Others: white flower in jacket3.Sex: female4.Sex: maleAge: quite young, about thirty Age: about forty-fiveHeight: really tall Height: very tallHair: blond Hair: very long, darkOthers: carrying red flowers Others: no flower; wearing a T-shirt saying“Bruce Springs is the Boss”Section C Taking a PhotoTask 4 a4 b5 c2 d6 e3 f1Task 56 4 2 3 1 5 photo, coin, stool, dial, background, flashSection D Apartments for RentTask 61.Prepaid express bag service Major cities 410 Buy a bag in advance.Call for a quick pick up.2.Same day service Within the city $8 They will go to you.3.Express road service Any town Depends on For larger packagesDistance and weightFor further details call:Tel: 33445656Ask: for the sales departmentPart III Listening Comprehension Test1-10: BDBBB/ABDCC。
研究生英语听说教程（1-6单元）答案.doc
听写填空—单元、P5 Outrageous shopping bills are a familiar1 ・ suffer that nightmare 2. genders 3. unaffordable4. sufferers5. more than 1 in 20 adults6. expensive electronics7. such a high number of compulsive shoppers inthe general population8. make finding a cure a priority二单元、P20 Tree-lighting Ceremony1 ・ Location: Rockefeller Centre, New York2. Time: right before the Christmas Season3. Height of the tree: nearly 9 storeys4. Audienee: people from all around the country5. Number of the lights on the tree: 300006. Size of the star topper: nearly 10 feet in diameter7. Material of the star topper: crystal8. Source of the tree: a home in Connecticut二单元、P29 Post-vacation depression includes1. sleeplessness2.1oss of appetite3. irregular heartbeat4. feelings of despair5・ tiredness 6・ stomachache 7・ trouble breathing8.anxiety 9・ nervousness10. Space the month-long vacation out11. blow it all at once 12. retur ning on a Mon day13. such blues are temporary14. don't make important decisions15. a new period in life 16. personal growth三单元、P34 Reporter: In Vail, Arizona, a new school1 ・ in this case involves 2. impact 3单元、available 4. resources 5. Whafs the point 6. medium7. reasoning 8. normal 9. from their perspective10. opposed to just the one angle四单元、P51 Beijing opera is largely seen as a dying art 1 • devote d 2. computer animator 3. discipline4. heart-stopping5. explanation in English6. much-loved legend7. supernatural8. challenge9・ thafs within the rules of the opera・10. wins good reviews from both Western andChinese audienee members11. expressing the more acceptable way12. But the popularity of Beijing Opera is fading fast四单元、P53 I hear Jill will make her presentation in class today1 ・ That can't be true 2.for certain3. Thafs impossible4. might be5. ifs likely that6. Quite possibly7」know that for sure 8. No wonder五单元、P67 Thank you very, very much. Well, I just have1 ・ challenge 2.beat 3. figure out4. definition5. recognize6. disability8. tolerate discrimination7. committed9. that is tearing down barriers, both in architecture and in attitude10. who are helping people with disabilities live independent lives六单元、P82 Damage from acid rain isEarth and Sky”.1 ・ widespread 2. falling on 3. exactly4. to reliably measure 5・ assume 6. pollutants7. Electrical utility plants 8. react with9. to get showered 10. with wind currents11. leach nutrients 12. combine with13. from fossil fuels 14. dedicated to听对话Listening to a conversation—单元、P3 1.A)She thinks Internet addiction is as serious as drug and smoking adiction 1 ・A She thinks Inter net addicti on is as serious as drug and smoking addicti on.2. B Inter net addicts in elude both childre n and adults ・3. B Some may get into trouble over money issues・4. D Internet addiction needs to be taken seriously and treated properly.二单元、P20 1 ・A)Tourism is a big and amazing business.1 .B One can learn a lot about other people and customs through traveling.2. D To make a comparison so as to make his point clear.3. A They have some language problems and feel a bit afraid・三单元、P32 1 .A)He thought it was a useful course.1 ・B He thought one could simply practice writi ng by on eself ・2. A A person's thinking patter ns are show n in his writing ・3. D The writer's reading ability.4. D How to put writing skills into practice・5. B He will register for an essay-writing course・四单元、P49 1 .A)He hoped he could write as well as his father.1 ・D He feared his handwriting would not impress his son.2. C Children spend a lot of time on the computer.3. A To call on more people to focus on handwriting.4. B Most people's handwriting is worse than their parents.五单元、P65 1 .A)Finding a place to live in Habitat for Humanity.1 ・C Getting information about Habitat for Humanity・2. A It brought about a lot of changes in her life・3. B Its a unique chance to perform a citizen s duty to help others・4. C To do one’s share for others is to make our world a better place to liv e.5. A Because Wilbur chose to ask her for the information needed.六单元、P81 1 .A)Getting closer to the animals in the zoo.1 .B Seeing a wild animal in the zoo.2. C Today’s zoos are good habitats for wild animals・3. D To prevent endangered animals from extinction.听短文—<7E> P4 1. A)He feels ashamed about his son’s incompete nee.1 ・B He feels the other boys are too competitive・2. D He thinks dancing is a way to relax in ones spare time・3. A Hobbies are supposed to bring pleasure to people・4. A The speaker simply wants to have a good time・二单元、无三单元、P34 1 .A)She will be 100 years old on Wednesday.1 .D She will celebrate her 95th birthday on Wednesday.2. B She is seeking a BA degree in religion.3. C She completed some of her courses on the Inter net.4. B Her son and others will hold a birthday party for her.5. A Nola Ochs has set up a remarkable example as a lifetime learner.三单元、P43 1.A)Because they were homeless children.1 .C Because they took part in a special hardship camp・2. B Growing vegetables・3. A Mountains that are far away.4. D Hardship camps can be an important part of an education for children.5. A They like the idea of organizing hardship camps and support it.四单元、P50 Barbie 1 .A)The old-fashioned design.1 ・D The decreasing sales worldwide・2. A Toys need to be magical and creative.3. B Because Burbie stands for an outdate image of women.4. A Barbie dolls may disappear from the market.5.C The Barbie brand will expand to other en tertai nment fields.五单元、P66Mike Teeley.. .in terviewl .A)He was well mann ered whe n talking with the speaker.1 .B He was able to share the speaker's feelings.2. D To tell the speaker that he was always ready to offer help・3. C One act of kindness can bring warmlh to those in need・六单元、P81 1.A)They are becoming extinct.1 ・C They are the threats to species・2. D It can show the importance of protecting the animals・3. B Doing comm unity service remi nds a citizen of their resp on sibility to protect animal.短对话Listening to short conversations一单元、p 12 1 .A)He has only one hobby and no bad hobbies.1 ・B He thinks he can learn skills from good hobbies.2. C Stephen learns to be systematic from his hobby.3. D Roys real interest in fishing is sitting alone and doing nothing.4. B The farmer has held on to his hobby even though he met with great difficulties.5. D She thinks every addiction is as bad as the other.二单元、P27 1.A) Husband and wife.1. A Husband and wife・2. D A vacation is even more exhausting.3. D The woman is packing for her bus tour.4. B The bus was too worn out and uncomfortable.5. A 3 hours or so.三单元、P41 1 .A)He is taking an extanee examination.1. D He is at a job interview・2. A He suggests the woman keep trying until she gets it right.3. B To receive assistance from the teacher.4. D He wants to keep learning all his life.5. C The man's idea is not feasible at all.四单元、P58 1 .A) The woman is unhappy about ......1 .A The woman is unhappy about too many advertisements on TV.2. C He is interested in the history of cities shown in pictures.3. D It is about personality evident in an individuaPs gestures・4. A The man is a Brazilian.5. A He wants to make his body stronger.五单元、P74 1 .A)She didn't go to the party yesterday・1 ・A She didn't go to the party yesterday・2. C The engine started as soon as they got on the plane.3. C Jas on can take the test on ano ther day ・4. C Cheer up and you would be able to get a job soon.5. D He was criticized by the woman5 s mother all the way.六单元、P87 1 .A)How to turn off taps properly.1 ・D How to protect water and trees in nature・2. C It is a good idea for people to make voluntary contributions.3. B Louisiana tornado killed 50 people4. C He feels it necessary to use animals in medical researches・5. D The two speakers have different opinions about the biggest pollution problem.长对话一单元、P13 1.A) Mark is a porker addict・1 .D Mark is addicted to online games・2. C Ron is not a serious garni ng addict.3. C Gloria hopes mark can control himself playing games・4. A Ron thinks gambling is more harmful than playing games.5. A Some gaming addicts make friends when playing together.二单元、P28 1 .A) There are a lot of restrictions on tourists.1 .B There is a large variety of animals there・2. D Tourists are not allowed to take pictures of wild animals there.3. D Go horseback riding.4. D It must be a famous geyser.5. B Putting out the campfire・三单元、P42 1.A) Hearing.1. B Smelling.2. D It means acquiring knowledge in one's favourite way3. A Ted enjoys discussion with others・4. C Because mike once took a computer apart Io make observations.5. C Different people should develop their own suitable leaning styles.四单元、P59 1 .A)Culture shock is caused by .........1 ・B Culture shock is caused when you feel unfamiliar with the social environment.2. C He might feel anxious, uneasy and frustrated・3. D He thinks one cannot learn about local culture well enough through a class.4. A Most local customs are learned through social life・5. B One can learn to be involved in a new culture step by step.五单元、P75 1 .A)He is now a United States senator.1. D He was the oldest astronaut in space.2. B To do research on how and why people get old.3. C His trip implies what attitude the aged should take towards life.4. B He likes drinking very much・5. A The significance of Mr. GlenrYs shuttle trip into space・六单元、P88 1.A)There will be a lot of troubles to protect the environment. 1 ・D Many things can be done to protect the environment.2. A Driving steadily will help protect the ozone layer.3. D Because they use much too many disposable products・4. C To buy a special u low-flow M shower head・5. B Things people can do to reduce pollulion.。
中国科学院大学研究生学位统考英语A分级考试真题及详解GET5 2004-6
Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 1 point each)1. A. No women were allowed to take part in it.B. Women were only allowed to watch the Games.C. Unmarried girls were allowed to compete with men.D. Unmarried women were allowed to watch it somewhere2. A. She needs to buy some new clothes.B. She cares a lot about what to wear.C. The man doesn't work hard enough.D. The man should buy some new ties.3. A. Takes a hot bath.B. Takes a long walk.C. Has a few drinks.D. Has more coffee.4. A. They have a very close relationship.B. They don't spend much time together.C. They are getting along with each other better.D. They are generally pretty cold to each other.5. A. His sixth sense told him.B. He is unskillful with his present job.C. His present job pays too little.D. His present job is too demanding.6. A. The accident caused injury or loss of life.B. Seven people were killed in the accident.C. Many people from other cars came to help.D. A lot of vehicles were involved in the accident.7. A. 2754201.B. 2645310.C. 2745301.D. 2654310.8. A. She had no chance to speak.B. She was speechless.C. She talked a lot to the star.D. She saw too many people around the star.9. A. Because it tells the truth most of the time.B. Because it provides a lot of information.C. Because it is the top one on the list of newspapers.D. Because it is an inside newspaper.Section B (1 point each)Mini-talk One10. A. Because other scientists had raised questions about these claims.B. Because some of its scientists had made false claims before.C. Because the claims were very important to the study of physics.D. Because some of its scientists published too many papers in a year.11. A. He made up false data in the experiment to support his new findings.B. He used information from previous work to support his new findings.C. He denied other scientists' involvement in his experiments.D. He was not productive in writing scientific papers.12. A. They dismissed all Mister Schon's publications.B. They asked Mister Schon to apologize to the public.C. They recalled Mister Schon's title as a Nobel Prize winner.D. They removed Mister Schon from his position.Mini-talk Two13. A. The winner should write a report to the committee of the foundation.B. The winner should report to the committee before they spend the moneyC. The winner should not be a government official.D. The winner should be nominated by the foundation's directors.14. A. For her achievements in environmental protection.B. For her achievements in developing computer software.C. For her achievements in developing warships.D. For her achievements in developing robots.15. A. He was recognized as a genius by the foundation's directors.B. He helped the developing countries to fight .against earthquakes.C. He helped the third world countries to develop quickly.D. He ran a non-profit international organization.Section C ( 1 point each)16. What did the several hundred college students compete to build recently in Washington, D.C.?17. Which department in the United States organized the competition?18. How many teams took part in the competition?19. How much did each team spend on equipment and other materials?20. What is the purpose of the competition?PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each )21. In the beginning, the meaning of life might be debated, but once past the first period, many of theconversations follow a well-worn route from one topic to the next and back again and take in most of human life.A. acceptB. understandC. supportD. include22. The applicant was so choked with excitement at the acceptance notification that he could hardly bringout a goodbye.A. blow outB. give outC. get away withD. come out with23. Science education has an important role to play in this reorientation toward fostering creative scientists.A. reformingB. yieldingC. breedingD. conceiving24. Once a proposal goes into place, it's next to impossible to reverse it.A. overthrowB. enhanceC. implementD. provoke25. A punctual person always deals with something properly when it has to be attended to.A. participated inB. seen toC. concentrated onD. involved in26. The majority of these graduate students have but one aspiration--to be top economists.A. inspirationB. ambitionC. requestD. acquisition27. She is found immersed in her studies almost every time I call at her room.A. absorbed inB. submerged inC. saturated withD. agonized by28. The latest evidence suggests that the possibility of recurrence of the bird flu has been eliminated.A. given outB. ruled outC. written outD. turned out29. We are obliged to the teaching stuff here for their academic guidance and profound influence.A. committedB. compelledC. gratefulD. respectful30. Humans have the ability to modify the environment and subject other forms of life to their peculiarideas and fancies.A. novelB. particularC. arbitraryD. fantasticSection B (0.5 point each)31. These ____ salespersons of insurance will be introduced to relevant regulations and business strategies.A. prospectiveB. perspectiveC. respectiveD. protective32. Skin, being sturdy and ______ and well supplied with blood, tolerates injury well and recovers quickly.A. flexibleB. looseC. elasticD. resourceful33. Since teacher behavior is ______ for public display, teachers must be cautious in their personal lives.A. held upB. used upC. kept upD. dressed up34. The concept of personal choice _____ health behaviors is an important one.A. in face ofB. in case ofC. in relation toD. in charge of35. The so-called "brain drain" refers to the fact people carrying heavy responsibilities becomedisillusioned and end up by ________.A. immigratingB. migratingC. integratingD. emigrating36. As fulfillment seldom________ to anticipation, there is no need to feel upset.A. amountsB. correspondsC. addsD. contributes37. The technique provides more detailed information about subtle differences in gene activity __ withcancer-causing pathways.A. coupledB. stainedC. associatedD. integrated38. It was by no means easy to work for a president who demanded security beyond what was really ____.A. called forB. called forthC. called upD. called at39. The display of goods needs to be ______ with the store's atmosphere.A. persistentB. existentC. insistentD. consistent40. These Christians often ask themselves what they have to do to live an _____life.A. externalB. originalC. eternalD. optimalPART III CLQZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, I point each)The chicken is probably the most populous bird on earth. According to 41 , there are over 13 billion chickens! And its meat is so popular that more than 73 billion pounds of it are consumed each year. 42 , hens produce some 600 billion eggs a year worldwide.The chicken is a descendant of the red jungle fowl of Asia. Man soon discovered that the chicken could be domesticated easily. But it was 43 the 19th century that mass production of chickens and eggs became a commercial 44.Today chicken is 45 the most popular poultry meat. Chickens are raised by minions of households for domestic and commercial use.Advanced scientific methods of breeding and raising have made chicken production one of the mostsuccessful agricultural industries. Modern techniques now make 46 possible for just one person to care for from 25,000 to 50,000 chickens. It takes the birds only three months to reach market weight. Many people 47 these mass-production techniques as cruel. But that has not stopped farmers from developing increasingly efficient ways of breeding these birds. Many of the birds raised by such methods are easily to die off----some as 48 of the deadly disease--the bird flu. Many farmers have neither the 49 nor the means to feed their chickens adequately, to provide proper housing for them, or to protect them from diseases.50 this reason programs have been started by the United Nations to help educate farmers in many countries.41. A. estimates B. evaluations C. judges D. legislations42. A. Surprisingly B. Essentially C. Additionally D. Generally43. A. up till B. rather than C. out of D. not until44. A. investment B. venture C. administration D. adventure45. A. by far B. by and by C. for good D. for all46. A. that B. those C. them D. it47. A. conceal B. condemn C. commence D. command48. A. witnesses B. sacrifices C. donations D. victims49. A. know-how B. how-so C. in-the-know D. how-come50. A. Because of B. Due to C. For D. AsPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneOf all the accessories and adornments to clothes one perhaps pays least of all attention to buttons. Functional and often unexciting, replaced by zip fasteners or hooks and eyes, there is, one would think, nothing much to be said about the humble button.Yet it is very probable that buttons started life as ornaments; certainly it is not known that they had any practical function until the 13th century. By the 14th century buttons were once again ornamental, often wastefully so, to such an extent that it was by no means uncommon for a person of wealth and consequence to have as many as 300 buttons on a single article of dress. Unimaginable as it seems today, sewing superfluous buttons on clothes became a craze--not one that seems harmful to us though some Italians took a different view and a law against buttons was enforced in Florence. No buttons were to be worn on the upper arms: penalty for disobedience--a sound whipping. (How often this had to be carried out, history does not relate!)Most of the buttons on modem clothes which could be called decorative once did in fact serve a useful purpose. Buttons on boots are one good example. Sleeve buttons on men's coats are a reminder of the days when the fashion was for wearing shirts with frilly lace cuffs.On the tails of a modem tail coat there are indeed buttons which are purely ornamental but in earlier days horsemen used these buttons to keep the tails out of harm's way.With regard to the side on which clothes are buttoned, originally both male and female dress was buttoned on the left hand side. Change came when men had to have access to their swords.So perhaps it is worth taking a look at buttons.51. Which of the following statements is true regarding buttons?A. They have little function.B. They are the only useful accessory.C. They receive the least attention among accessories.D. They are one of the best adornments to any clothes.52. According to the author, ___________.A. buttons are used as ornaments only in modem timesB. buttons have been used as ornaments since the 14th centuryC. buttons were used as ornaments before the 13thcenturyD. buttons have been used as ornaments on and off throughout the history53. It is implied that in the 14th century buttons ___________.A. were a symbol of wealthB. were occasionally put on clothesC. began to have practical functionsD. represented the wearers' artistic taste54. In Florence, a city in Italy, buttons were once __________.A. loved by every citizenB. banned because they were a crazeC. considered harmful and nobody wore themD. forbidden on the upper arms55. It seems to the author that buttons _________.A. are worth a second lookB. have never served any functionC. should not be sewed on coatsD. play an important role in cur lives56. Male and female dress is now buttoned _________.A. on the right sideB. on the left sideC. on different sidesD. on the same sidePassage TwoBehind most of the bad things we do to our bodies as adults, eating more than we should is the idea we carry with us from childhood. On the one hand, we assume that we are indestructible. On the other, we think that any damage we impose on ourselves can be undone when we finally clean up our act.If the evidence for how wrong the first idea is isn't apparent when you stand naked in front of the mirror, just wait. But what if you eat right and drop all your bad habits? Is there still time to repair the damage?To a surprising degree, the answer is yes. Over the past five years, scientists have accumulated a wealth of data about what happens when aging people with bad habits decide to turn their lives around. The heartening conclusion: the body has an amazing ability to heal itself, provided the damage is not too great.The effects of some bad habits--smoking, in particular--can haunt you for decades. But the damage from other habits can be largely healed. “Any time you improve your behavior and make lifestyle changes, they make a difference from that point on”, says Dr. Jeffrey Koplan. “Maybe not right away. It's like slamming on the brakes. You do need a certain distance”.But the distance can be remarkably short. Consider the recent announcements from the front lines of medical research:--A study concluded that women who consume as little as two servings of fish a week cut their risk of suffering a stroke to half that of women who eat less than one serving of fish a month.--The day you quit smoking, the carbon monoxide levels in your body drop dramatically. Within weeks, your blood becomes less sticky and your risk of dying from a heart attack starts to decline Adopting healthy habits won't cure all that bothers you, of course. But doctors believe that many chronic diseases--from high blood pressure to heart disease and even some cancers----can be warded off with a few sensible changes in lifestyle.Not sure where to star? Surprisingly, it doesn't matter, since one positive change usually leads to another. Make enough changes, and you'll discover you've adopted a new way of life.57. Most people with bad habits of eating more than they should believe that _________.A. they can never change the habits that have haunted them for decadesB. their bodies cannot be damaged by the bad habitsC. their bodies can heal all the damage without the help from outsideD. they can force themselves to clean up the bad habits later58. The evidence to disapprove the assumption that we are indestructible ___________.A. is seldom apparentB. is clearly shown in the mirrorC. will appear obvious sooner or laterD. is still a question59. According to the passage the human body can heal the damage caused by bad habits _________.A. when the damage is not very seriousB. no matter how serious the damage isC. after we have dropped our bad habitsD. much more slowly than we think60. According to the recent announcements,___________.A. women should eat as much fish as possibleB. women are at a higher risk of suffering a stroke than menC. eating a little more fish can improve women's healthD. men don't have to eat as much fish as women61. It is implied in the passage that ___________.A. smokers have lower levels of carbon monoxide than non-smokersB. the blood of smokers is more sticky, than that of non-smokersC. smokers will be unlikely to die from heart attack if they quit smokingD. chronic diseases can be cured if we drop our habit of smoking62. In the last paragraph the author tells us _________.A. when we should start quitting our bad habitsB. it doesn't matter how we start quitting our bad habitsC. that making enough changes wilt make doctors unnecessary to usD. it's never too late to start making sensible changes in our lifestylePassage ThreeOur true challenge today is not debts and deft, its or global competition but the need to find a way to live rich, fulfilling lives without destroying the planet's biosphere, which supports all life. Humanity has never before faced such a threat: the collapse of the very elements that keep us alive.An apple is an easy thing to take for granted. If you live where apples grow in abundance, you might assume that they are readily available and better yet, that you may pick from a wide variety. But do you know that there are far fewer types to choose from today than there were 100 years ago?Between the years 1804 and 1905, there were 7,098 varieties of apples grown in the United States. Today 6,121 of those are extinct. But does diversity really matter?In the 1840's, Ireland's population exceeded eight million, making it the most densely populated country in Europe. Potatoes were its dietary mainstay, and a single variety called lumpers was the most widely grown.In 1845 the farmers planted their lumpers as usual, but a plant disease known as blight struck mad wiped out almost the entire crop. “Most of Ireland survived that difficult year,” wrote Paul Raeburn in hisbook The Last Harvest--The Genetic Gamble That Threatens to Destroy American Agriculture. “The devastation came the next year. Farmers had no choice but to plant the same potatoes again. They had no other varieties. The blight struck again, this time with overwhelming force. The suffering was indescribable.” Historians estimate that up to 1 million people died of starvation, while another 1.5 million emigrated, most to the United States. Those remaining suffered from crushing poverty.In the Andes of South America, farmers grew many varieties of potatoes, and only a few were affected by blight. Hence, there was no epidemic. Clearly, diversity of species and diversity, within species provide protection. The growing of just one uniform crop runs counter to this basic survival strategy and leaves plants exposed to disease or pests, which can destroy an entire region's harvest. That is why many farmers depend so heavily on the frequent use of pesticides, even though such chemicals are often environmentally hazardous.Why do farmers replace their many folk varieties with one uniform crop? Usually in response to economic pressures. Planting uniform crops promises ease of harvesting, attractiveness of the product, resistance to go bad, and high productivity. But these trends may be destroying man's own food supply.63. The main idea of the passage is___________.A. it is important to protect the earth's bio-diversityB. man is destroying his own food supplyC. we now have fewer bio-species than beforeD. numerous strains of plants can resist plagues64. With regard to the variety of apples in the United States _________.A. it is the fewest in variety in terms of plant familyB. over 80% of its varieties have been destroyedC. we have done our best to protect itD. it is as wide as it was 100 years ago65. The author tells the story in Ireland in the 1840's to show that__________.A. farmers should grow as many varieties of potatoes as in South AmericaB. potatoes should not be gown as a dietary, mainstayC. lumpers were not a choice variety of potatoesD. biodiversity is essential to life on earth66. The uniform crop of lumpers in Ireland in the 1840's_________.A. caused blight to strike Ireland repeatedlyB. caused Ireland's population to decline by halfC. destroyed the whole Irish agricultural traditionD. seriously devastated Ireland's economy67. Diversity of species and diversity within species can help plants _________.A. ward off some disastrous diseases and pestsB. resist natural disasters such as droughtsC. withstand the harmful effect of pesticidesD. yield bumper harvests68. Which of the following is NOT the reason that farmers replace their folk varieties with one uniform crop?A. They want to make more money.B. They want to have a higher output.C. They want to prevent the destruction of human food.D. They want to make their products more attractive.Passage FourIt is a well-documented fact that women still live longer than men. A 1998 study by Harvard Medical School geriatrician Thomas Perls offers two reasons: one is the evolutionary drive to pass on her genes; the other is the need to stay healthy enough to rear as many children as possible. A man's purpose is simply to carry genes that ensure longevity and pass them on to his children.Okay, so that's the legacy of our cave-dweller past. But what is it about a man's lifestyle that reduces his longevity? As action moviemakers know all too well, men are supercharged with testosterone. Aside from forcing us to watch frenzied movies like The Matrix Reloaded, the testes-produced hormone also triggers riskier behavior and aggression, and increases levels of harmful cholesterol, raising the risk of heart disease or stroke. Meanwhile, the female hormone chops harmful cholesterol and raises "good" cholesterol.As Perls's study points out: "Between ages 15 and 24, men are four to five times more likely to die than women. This time frame coincides with the onset of puberty and an increase in reckless and violet behavior in males. Researchers refer to it as a 'testosterone storm.' Most deaths in this male group come from motor vehicle accidents, followed by homicide, suicide...and drownings."While all this jumping from tall buildings may result in some accidental death, it still doesn't account for the onset of fatal illnesses at an earlier age. Statistically, men are crippled more quickly by illnesses like heart disease, stroke and cancer. A Singapore study found that while men were diagnosed with chronic illness two years earlier than women, women were also disabled by their illnesses four years later. Men more often engage in riskier habits like drinking alcohol and using recreational drugs, as well as eating to excess. And the stereotype about men being adverse to seeing a doctor on a regular basis? Studies have shown it's true.If your goal is to become the first 100-year-old man on your family tree, there are some things you can do to boost your odds. One is to examine what centenarians are doing right. According to the ongoing New England Centenarian Study, the largest comprehensive study of centenarians in the world, they can fend off or even escape age-associated diseases like heart attack, stroke, cancer diabetes and Alzheimer's. Ninety percent of those studied were functionally independent for the vast majority of their lives up until the age of 92, and 75% were just as autonomous at an average age of 95. "Centenarians disprove the perception that 'the older you get, the sicker you get.' Centenarians teach us that the older you get, the healthier you've been."69. This passage mainly discusses ____________.A. why women lead a healthier life than menB. how women can live longer and stay healthyC. what keeps men from enjoying a longer life spanD. whether men's life style leads to their early death70. According to Thomas Perls, which of the following a major factor is contributing to the relative longevity of women over men?A. Their natural urge to remain healthy.B. Their greater natural drive to pass on genes.C. Their need to bear healthy offspring.D. Their desire to have mere children.71. The author mentions “the legacy of our cave-dweller past” to ___________.A. support the argument about women's role in rearing childrenB. summarize a possible cause of different life expectanciesC. challenge the theory about our ancestors' behavior patternsD. illustrate the history of human evolution process72. According to the passage, testosterone is a hormone that__________.A. increases as men grow olderB. reduces risk factors in male behaviorC. leads to aggressive behavior and heart diseaseD. accounts for women's dislike for violent films73. Compared with women, men as a whole______________.A. suffer from depression more oftenB. suffer from diseases later than womenC. are reluctant to have physical checkupsD. are not affected by violent movies74. Centenarians refer to people who ___________.A. live longer than femalesB. live at the turn of the centuryC. are extremely independentD. are a hundred years or olderPassage FiveLast year, Curt Dunnam bought a Chevrolet Blazer with one of the most popular new features in high-end cars: the OnStar personal security system.The heavily advertised communications and tracking feature is used nationwide by more than two million drivers, who simply push a button to connect, via a built-in cellphone, to a member of the onStar staff. A Global Positioning System, or G.P.S., helps the employee give verbal directions to the driver or locate the car after an accident. The company can even send a signal to unlock car doors for locked-out owners, or honk the horn to help people find their cars in an endless plain of parking spaces. The biggest selling point for the system is its use in frustrating car thieves. Once an owner reports to the police that a car has been stolen, the company can track it to help arrest the thieves, a service it performs about 400 times each month.But for Mr. Dunnam, the more he learned about his car's security features, the less secure he felt. He has enough technical knowledge to worry that someone else--law enforcement officers, or hackers----could listen in on his phone calls, or gain control over his automotive systems without his knowledge or consent. "While I don't believe G.M. intentionally designed this system to facilitate such activities, they sure have made it easy," he said.Mr. Dunnam said he had become even more concerned because of a federal appeals court case involving a criminal investigation, in which federal authorities had demanded that a company attach a wiretap to tracking services like those installed in his car. The suit did not reveal which company was involved. A three-judge panel in San Francisco rejected the request, but not on privacy grounds; the panel said the wiretap would interfere with the operation of the safety services. OnStar has said that its equipment was not involved in that case. An OnStar spokeswoman, Geri Lama, suggested that Mr. Dunnam's worries were overblown. The signals that the company sends to unlock car doors or track location-based information can be triggered only with a secure exchange of specific identifying data, which ought to hinder all but the most determined hackers, she said.75. The most important feature of OnStar advertised by the company is that it can_____________.A. help people find their cars in the big parking lotB. give verbal direction to drivers lost in unfamiliar areasC. open car doors for owners unable to find their car keysD. make it difficult for thieves to get away with stolen cars76. We can conclude from the passage that OnStar is __________.A. too complicated to use especially for new driversB. not as useful and effective as the company claimsC. popularly used among the more expensive carsD. not widely used in the country except in a few states77. Mr. Dunnam felt dissatisfied with OnStar because ___________.A. his personal information might be revealedB. his demand for better services was rejectedC. OnStar posed potential danger to driving safetyD. OnStar had been developed mainly to facilitate police work78. The three-judge panel rejected the request of the federal authorities because_________.A. it was in violation of individual privacyB. it was against the Constitution of the nationC. the wiretap might affect the safety of personal dataD. the wiretap might reduce the efficiency of the system79. OnStar spokeswoman suggested that Mr. Dunnam's worries ____________.A. exaggerated the problems that might occurB. represented reasonable concerns of customersC. presented problems for them to solveD. made sense due to the existence of hackers80. The passage is mainly written to___________.A. promote the brand and sale of OnStarB. point out the worries caused by OnStarC. introduce the new features of OnStarD. show the future trend represented by OnStarPART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)As a branch of cognitive science, linguistics has undergone systematic inquiry and elaboration in terms of language acquisition and classification. When it comes to language learning, the spelling of Chinese characters is notoriously difficult to Westerners, who are often left puzzled about numerous strokes. In China, the myth remains that maximum efficiency can be achieved by exposing young children to native speakers as early as possible. However, a more profound insight into the process of language acquisition won't be gained until studies of the brain have developed to the point where the function of each part of the brain is brought to light. The eagerness to make children proficient in English on the part of parents in China is open to question.Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)计算机被认为是有史以来对人类生活影响最大的发明。
中科大综合英语听力教程Unit2
中科大综合英语听力教程Unit2U n i t T w o Life and SuccessPart I Schooling and Growing-upTask 3Directions: Listen to the following passage about the influence of television on children. The passage will be read only once. After listening, choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C, andD to each of the questions you hear.Children in the United States are exposed to many influences other than that of their families. Television is the most significant of these influences, because the habit of watching television usually begins before children start attending school. And, by the time that the average child finishes high school, he or she will have spent 18,000 hours in front of a television set as opposed to 12,000 hours in a classroom.Parents are concerned about these figures. They are also concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them. Even if it is unreal--a cartoon cat beating up a cartoon mouse with a baseball bat--this violence may have a negative effect on the young minds exposed to it. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure.Parents are also concerned about the commercials that their children see on television. Manyparents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds arenot mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is "Sesame Street," which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.Even though most parents and educators give "Sesame Street" and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it.Questions:1.What is this passage mainly about?2.At what time does the habit of watching television usually start?3.How many hours have American children spent watching television when they finish high school?4.Why do some parents feel television shows shouldn't include any commercials?5.What kind of program is "Sesame Street"?6.Why do some critics think that all television is harmful to children?1. A. Television programs in the United States are of low quality.B. Watching too much television is undesirable for children.C. The degree of violence in television programs is too high.D. There shouldn't be any commercials on television.2. A. Before children finish high school.B. Before children start high school.C. Before children start attending kindergarten.D. Before children start attending school.3. A. 12,000 B. 20,000 C. 18,000 D. 80,0004. A. Because children are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.B. Because children will become aggressive and insecure.C. Because children will be distracted from their studies.D. Because children will be more willing to watch them.5. A. Violent B. Commercial C. Military D. Educational6. A. Because children will become bored and passive.B. Because children will be unwilling to go to school.C. Because children will use violence at school.D. Because children will become lazy and useless.In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each new skill—the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs ofthe parents and the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness.As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what they teach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a big difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.Questions:1.What does every parent eagerly want his/her child to acquire, according to the speaker?2.What consequences might occur if parents push the child beyond his/her natural learning rate?3.What should parents do in the learning process of children?4.What does this passage say about parental restrictions on children?5.What is very important in parental teaching, according to the speaker?6.What should parents do as to the development of moral standards in the growing child?Task 3Directions: You are going to listen to a passage about parental teaching. The passage will be read only once. After listening, you are expected to choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C,and D to each of the questions you hear.1. A. New skills.B.Independence.C.Moral values.D.Learning aptitude.2. A. The child might lose natural enthusiasm for life.B.The child might have dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry.C.The child might have a desire to find out new things for himself.D.The child might feel unhappy about his/her parents.3. A. T hey should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read.B.They should not expect too much of their children.C.They should create as many learning opportunities as possible.D.They should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own.4. A. They are for the benefit of the children alone.B.They reflect the morals of parents.C.They represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community.D.They greatly affect the child’s own happiness.5.A. Instruction.B.Consistency.C.Strictness.D.Patience.6. A. They should observe the rules themselves.B.They should be aware of the marked difference between adults and children.C.They should forbid things which have no foundation inmorality.D.They should ensure the security of their children.Part III Competition and ChallengeTask 3Directions: You are going to listen to a passage about musical prodigies. The passage will be read only once. After listening, you are expected to choose the best answer from the four suggested choices marked A, B, C,and D. to each of the questions you hear.Violin prodigies, I learned, have come in distinct numbers from distinct regions. Most of the great performers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Issac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very cle ar,” he told me. They were all Jews and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, ev ery Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. In Japan, a most competitive society, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must workhard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy.Questions:1.Where were most of the great musicians born and brought up in the late 19th and the early 20th centuries?2.Who was Issac Stern?3.Why did Jewish parents long for their children to attend music school?4.What contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?5.What else plays an important role in the making of a prodigy, according to the passage?6.What is this passage mainly about?1. A. In America.B.In Russia and Eastern Europe.C.In Japan.D.In the Far East.2. A. A musical prodigy.B.A great pianist.C.A great violinist.D.A music instructor.3. A. Because it would allow them access to a better life in the West.B.Because Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent.C.Because they wanted their children to enter into the professional field.D.Because it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country.4. A. Musical Environments.B.Extensive knowledge of music.C.A prejudice-free society.D.Very early training.5.A. The learning of Western music.B.Biological inheritance.C.Variety in academic studiesD.All-round development.6. A. Jewish contribution to music.B.Training of musicians in the world.C.Music and society.D.The making of prodigies.。
中科院硕士学位英语考试GET真题及答案解析英语试卷1
GENERAI ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS(GETJAN0811)考试注意事项一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一 (Paper One)包括听力明白得、辞汇、完形填空与阅读明白得四部份，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二(Paper Two)包括翻译与写作两部份，共3题。
二、试卷一(题号1-80)为客观评分题(听力Section C部份除外)，答案一概用2B 铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A][B][C][D]。
三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。
答题前，请认真阅读试卷二的注意事项。
四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号(听力Section C部份除外)，答案一概写在答题纸上，不然无效。
五、本考试全数时刻为150分钟，采纳试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的方法。
试卷一考试时刻为90分钟，听力明白得部份以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部份共计时65分钟，每部份所占时刻均标在试卷上，考生可自行把握。
试卷二共计时60分钟，每部份所占时刻均标在试卷上，考生可自行把握。
六、试卷一与试卷二采取别离收卷的方法。
每次终了时刻一到，考生一概搁笔，等候监考教师收点试卷及答题纸。
全数考试终止后，须待监考教师将全数试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试终止，方可离开考场。
PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(25 minutes，20 points)Section A(1 point each)Directions：In each section，you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers．At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said．The conversations and the questions will be read only once．Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．1．A．He was beaten by a fellow worker．B．He was laughed at by a fellow worker．C．He was fired from his work．D．He was replaced by his co-worker．2．A．He did it like everyone else．B．He was not speeding basically．C．He would like to pay the fine．．D．The policeman was unfair to him．3．A．Talk about their fishing experiences．B．Drive the woman’s dad to the station together．C．Put off their fishing plan for the next weekend．D．Go fishing after the woman sees her dad off．4．A．She thought the man’s project had been finished．B．She didn’t know the man’s project was urgent．C．She thinks the man shouldn’t be so stressed．D．She thinks the man has exaggerated about his project．5．A．He knows psychology very well．B．Psychology is beyond his comprehension．C．Psychology is his major．D．He has forgotten the theory of psychology6．A．It’s a pleasant surprise．B．It’s really unexpected．C．It’s very sad．D．It’s a pity．7．A．He was disappointed with the service．B．He Was satisfied with the service．C．He finally got what he wanted．D．He would like to try it again．8．A．He didn’t finish his finals week．B．He failed most of his examinations．C．He couldn’t remember what he had prepared in the exams．D．He couldn’t concentrate during the exams．9．A．Not enjoyable．B．Just so so．C．It’s his favorite．D．He likes it．Section B(1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear two mini．talks．At the end of each talk, there will be some questions．Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once．After each question，there will be a pause．During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer SheetMini-talk One10．A．T0 start up her own business．B．To gain experience．C．To save for her tuition．D．To help her family．11．A．Because he could have more spare credits．B．Because the 15-credit-plan was more cost-efficient．C．Because he had to make up 15 credits．D．Because the 15-credit-plan was easier．12．A．To become an intern．B．To challenge traditions．C．To start up her own business．D．To get a full time job．Mini-talk Two13．A．The United States has declared its independence．B．Lady Liberty is a gift from the people of France．C．American people have shaken off the oppression．D．The United States has broken off its relations with UK．14．A．Lady Liberty．B．Liberty Lady．C．The Statue of Liberty．D．Liberty Enlightening the World．15．A．By bus．B．By boat．C．By car．D．By subway．Section C (1 point each)Directions：In this section you will hear a short lecture．Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture．You will hear the recording twice．After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet．You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below．(请在录音终止后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)16. Mental health experts also include other disorders like ___________ (4 words) that affect millions of people．17．Mental health problems are most severe in poor countries that __________(3 words) to deal with them．18．About half of all mental health problems first appear before __________(4 words)．19．According to WHO，how many people suffered from depression in 2020? (4 words) 20．The disability caused by mental disorders can have a big impact on __________.(3 words)PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY(10 minutes，10 points)Section A point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined .Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A , B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. It was fascinating to watch my husband as he literally became President before my eyes．A. liberallyB. wisely C．actually D．theoretically22. The rights that the citizens of those countries enjoy can all be incorporated in the laws of those individual countries．A．embodied B．excluded C．immersed D．interpreted 23．These are the men and women who run the house and tend to the special needs of its residents．A．take to B．amount to C．attend to D．object to 24．These women hoped that the cease-fire would continue and that the violence would end once and for all．A. quickly B．conclusively C．universallyD．temporarily25. There is some excitement on the horizon, but I can’t tell you about it．A. in the distance B．soon to happen C．without a question D．at first sight26. Low interest rates created easy credit conditions, fueling a housing construction boom and encouraging consumption．A. contaminating B．extinguishing C．stimulating D．transporting 27．War involves inflicting the greatest amount of damage in the briefest space of time．A. imposing B．avoiding C．compensating D．fabricating28. Inflation can destroy the fabric of society by adversely affecting fixed income groups．A. stabilityB. perplexity C．evolution D．structure29. The participants of the meeting were astonished by the discrepancy between the mayor’s words and his actionsA．difference B．correlation C．conformity D．separation 30．The English writing of college students in China is generally redundant for lack of specific words．A．ambiguous B．wordy C．unconvincing D．stereotypedSection B point each)Directions：There are ten questions in this section．Each question is a sentence with something missing．Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D． Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence．Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．31． Without mutual trust，the willingness to engage _______ in the learning processis hindered．A．deliberately B．collaboratively C．destructively D．individually32． Humans have to settle the problems with food, clothes and _______ before they call survive．A．cabin B．mansion C．shed D．shelter33． How did it ________ that in English the correlation between spelling and pronunciation is not very close?A．come about B．come on C．come to D．come by34．While the test-oriented approach to teaching is _________ desirable，it is widely used in China．A．other than B．not only C．nothing but D．far from35．In January 1995，George M . Bush ________ was as the new governor of Texas．A．turned in B．taken in C．sworn in D．put in 36．The latest data showed that global ozone ________ had dropped several percent over the last decade．A．penetrations B．concentrations C．dimensions D．extensions 37．Scientists have been trying to ________ what factors can cause aging．A．find out B．turn out C．set out D．carry out38．Ten years ________ her career as a lawyer, she decided to start her own firmin Chicago．A．within B．during C．into D．amid39．The tower of the World Trade Center ________ after it was hit by the plane．A．dissipated B．paddled C．hedged D．collapsed40．I could speak their language and ________ with their problems because I have been there myself.A．collide B．coincide C．identify D．associatePART Ⅲ CLOZE TEST(10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Directions：There are 10 questions in this part of the test．Read the passage through．Then , go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A．B．C. orD for each blank in the passage．Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on),our machine-scoring Answer Sheet．Early in January 2020，the temperature in Tanana，Alaska, fell to 55 below zero F．It was so cold that when the airport runway lights stopped working，crews were 41 from going outside to fix them．So it was a real concern when Vicky Aldridge，a nurse practitioner at the village health center, realized that 61-year-old Winkler Bifelt was bleeding 42 and needed medical treatment at Fairbanks Memorial Hospital， 43 150 miles away．The sun was already down when Aldridge made the 44 telephone callto Frontier Flying Service in Fairbanks．“We told them the only way we could fly was if they could find enough vehiclesto 45 the runway with headlights so we could land,” said Bob Hajdukovich，the company’s president．Aldridge’s next calls went to airport and town officials，who， 46 called villagers．Forty five minutes later, enough cars，trucks，minivans and snowmobiles had lined up SO that the runway was 47 .Pilots Nate Thompson and David Fowler landed without 48 , and then tookoff again，with Bifelt．“There is this wonderful caring 49 in the village，”Aldridge said．“If anyone needs anything，all I have to do is call one or two people and everything will get 50 .41．A．objected B．obstructed C．obliged D．observed 42．A．intimately B．integrally．C．intentionally D．internally 43．A．1ess B．some C．but D．even 44．A．eagerness B．pressure C．emergency D．hurry45．A．1ine B．cross C．span D．park46．A．by turns B．in turn C．in order D．in return47．A．1ightened B．illustrated C．cleared D．widened 48．A．reason B．support C．hesitation D．consideration 49．A．status B．occasion C．surrounding D．atmosphere 50．A．into control B．out of danger C．done well with D．taken care ofPART IV READING COMPREHENSION(45 minutes，30 points，1 point each)Directions：In this part of the test, there are five short passages．Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow．Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．Passage OneNovember 25 is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women．This day was recognized by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1999 with a view to raising public awareness of violations of the rights of women．Why was this step necessary?In many cultures women are viewed and treated as inferior or as second class citizens． Prejudices against them are deep rooted． Gender based violence in all its forms is all its forms is an ongoing problem，even in the so-called developed world．According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Anna, “violence against women is global in reach, and takes place in all societies and cultures. It affects women no matter what their race, social origin, birth or other status may be.”Radhika Coomaraswamy, UN expert of the Commission on Human Rights on violence against women, says in his report that for the vast majority of women, violenceagainst women is “a taboo issue，invisible in society and a shameful fact of life.”Statistics issued by a victim study institution in Holland indicate that 23 percent of women in one South American country, or about 1 in 4, suffer some form of domestic violence. Likewise, the Council of Europe estimates that 1 in 4 European women suffer domestic violence during their lifetime. According to the British Home Office in England and Wales in one recent year, an average of two women each week were killed by current or former partners. The magazine India Today International reported that “for women across India, fear is a constant companion and rape is the stranger they may have to confront at every corner, on any road，in any public place at any hour.”UN experts described violence against women and girls as “today’s most serious human fights challenge.”51．This passage is intended to _________.A．point out the root of violence against womenB．find solutions 10 violence against womenC．criticize the governments’ inaction about violence against womenD．make people better aware of violence against women52．The word “gender” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.A．race B．society C．culture D．sex53．According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Anna，violence against women could be widely found _________.A．in South American countriesB．in rich countriesC．in developing countriesD．across the world54．By “violence against women is a taboo issue”，Radhika Coomaraswamy means that the vast majority of women _________.A．turn a blind eye to the problemB．don’t want to talk about the problemC．turn a deaf ear to the problemD．have been accustomed to the problem55．According to the last paragraph，violence against women is _________.A．more serious in South American countriesB．more serious in European countriesC．equally serious in South American and European countriesD．1ess serious in developed countries56．According to the passage，women in India _________.A．often live in the fear of violence against themB．suffer more serious domestic violenceC．must have their companions everywhereD．are facing most serious human rights challengesPassage TwoWhen you think of monkeys，you probably think of the Tropics．Few species of monkeys venture into temperate lands．Nevertheless，there are one or two notable exceptions．In the high Atlas Mountains of North Africa，where snowfall is common during the winter, small groups of Barbary apes roam through forests of cedar and oak．One isolated group of these monkeys can be found 200 miles to the north，living on the Rock of Gibraltar, at the southern most tip of Europe．How do naturalists explain this mystery? Some believe that the monkeys colonized other areas of Europe in the distant past and that those of Gibraltar are the only surviving group．Others think that Arabic or British colonizers brought them to the Rock．Legend has it that the monkeys crossed the narrow straits dividing Europe from Africa by means of a long—lost underground tunnel．Whatever their origin，they are now the only free range monkeys found in Europe．The Barbary apes are not actually apes．They are tailless monkeys．The Barbary apes inhabit the pine woods that cover the upper part of the Rock．Although they number only a hundred or so, they have become “the peninsula’s most famous residents,” according to the International Primate Protection League．Since seven million tourists visit Gibraltar every year，the mischievous monkeys have an ample food supply．Although they feed on wild plants．they have becomeskilled at begging and occasionally stealing food from visitors．Local authorities also provide the monkeys with fruit and vegetables．Apart from feeding，the monkeys spend 20 percent of their day grooming each other. Both male and female monkeys care for and play with the young ones. They live in close knit groups, where stress sometimes leads to confrontation. While the older monkeys use threats and screams to chase away the younger ones，they also have an unusual tooth—chattering behavior that seems to calm them down．Their arrival on Gibraltar may remain a mystery；still，these sociable monkeys add a special charm to the limestone headland that guards the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea．Gibraltar world not be the same without them.57．The monkeys on the Rock of Gibraltar are special because _________.A．they live in tropic areasB．they inhabit temperate landsC．they live in forestsD．they came from North Africa58．Which of the following is NOT the possible origin of the Gibraltar monkeys?A．They may be the surviving group of European monkeys．．B．They may have been brought to Gibraltar by colonizers．C．They may have come from Africa through the long—lost tunnel．D．They may have swum across the narrow straits from Africa．59．The population of “the peninsula’s most famous residents”_________.A．is growing rapidlyB．outnumbers the local peopleC．is threatened by too many visitorsD．is about five scores60．We can learn from the 5th paragraph that Gibraltar monkeys _________.A．mainly feed on food from visitorsB．often threaten local touristsC．are very naughtyD．are raised by．the local authorities61．The word “grooming” in the 6m paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.A．cleaning B．biting C．fighting D．isolating62．According to the passage, _________.A．Gibraltar would be better without the monkeysB．the monkeys have added beauty to the Rock of GibraltarC·Gibraltar monkeys and those in the high Atlas Mountains are of different speciesD．the older Gibraltar monkeys are very fierce to the younger onesPassage ThreeWhich would You give up：TV, Cell，Or Web? From November 6 to December 3，a 1-question online Poll was placed on high-traffic websites in 15 countries (Australia，Brazil，Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Netherlands, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States). A total of 150 respondents in each country participated in the poll．In this global survey, 11 of 15 countries say they’d turn off the TV before they’d silence their cell phone or log off the Internet. Women，especially, will give up their favorite shows，voting to do so by a greater percentage than men in all but four countries. “I work 50-plus hours a week and more importantly, the programs 1 watch on TV are free on the web.” Paula Kress of Georgia explains why she’d give up on TV.Younger respondents are more likely to take a pass on television，but older folks don’t necessarily stay away from the online experience．In Singapore，not a single person over 45 voted to stop surfing．“I'm not much for sitting in front of the screens，but I need the Interact to keep in touch with friends and family．”Hanna Lama explains why she’d keep the web and ditch TVIn the United States，people voted to give up TV, yet Americans sit in front of the flat screen for an average of four hours，37 minutes a day．But if the decision had been made by respondents over 45，the cell phone would have．gotten the boot instead．In Canada people voted to give up the cell．The cost effect analysis shows thatpeople there pay some of the highest rates for their cell phone plans，which may be why they have the lowest number of cell users among the western countries polled．“I don’t want to be reachable at every moment”is another logical explanation．Why was Brazil the only country to pick the Internet (and by such a huge margin)? Brazil has some of the lowest rates of Internet use worldwide, with just 35 users per l00 people．(The U．S．and U．K．both have 72.) Brazil’s cost to hook up is also high，about $26 a month，compared with $7.4 in Germany．63．What is the most important reason for Paula Kress to give up TV?A．She doesn’t have time to watch TV．B．She doesn’t like sitting in front of screens．C．She can watch TV programs on the web．D．She finds online programs more interesting．64．Survey results in Singapore show that _________.A．women watch TV programs for a longer period of time than menB．men depend as much on cell phones as women doC．younger people use cell phones more than older peopleD．older people enjoy the Internet just like the younger ones65·Which of the following phrases is closest in meaning to“get the boot”(Para．3)?A. be dismissed B．catch on C．be favored D．become dominant66．It is implied that among the Americans polled，there were more _________.A．men B．women C．younger people D．older people 67．How many countries picked the cell phone in the survey?A．2．B．3．C．4．D．5．68．In the last paragraph，the author mainly _________.A．describes the findings in the Brazilian surveyB．discusses the gap between Brazil and the western worldC．presents the reasons behind the Brazilian decisionD．analyzes the development of the Internet in BrazilPassage FourToday, world leaders are discussing climate change and what—if anything—can be done to combat global warming. Extreme weather conditions have brought home the fact that our climate is changing--and changing fast．It may be easy to be fatalistic about it, but the truth is that although we humans have caused the problem, we also have the solution. “Think global and act local,”said Friends of the Earth founder David Bower. In many small but important ways we can make a difference. Here are my top tips for how to begin：Count your food miles. What you eat and where you buy it affects global emissions. Pollution from transport is the fastest growing source of carbon dioxide emissions, so it is madness to fly out-of-season vegetables across the world to supermarkets．We should lobby supermarkets for a system of classifying food according to the distance travelled：0 for local food， l for British，2 for Europe，and 3 for intercontinental．Turn off anything that winks at you. A video recorder on standby uses almost as much electricity as one playing a tape．Turning down the thermostat by one degree．not leaving TV and music centre on standby，turning off lights，putting lids on cooking pots，and only half-filling kettles can cut energy consumption by 30％，saving your money as well as saving the planet．Just stop using petrol. Yes you can，and the car industry may (eventually) help you. Hydrogen-powered cars are loved by car designers and could become a reality in about 1 0 years. Meanwhile, consider convening to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)．You won’t be alone：a new pump for this is opening every day. Meanwhile，you can cut down on conventional petrol use just by changing driving habits—no rapid acceleration，lower speeds，keeping tires at the right pressure·Well，you can always walk. Or cycle. The majority of car journeys are less than five miles and．Honestly, once you’ve stepped out，you’ll find it’s really not that bad．The only energy used is your own and that’s healthy. You only have to look at the collective strength of the people’s fuel lobby to know this makes sense．These changes will save you money which you should invest in an ethical savingaccount. They are profitable and they put the pressure on business to clean up its act．69．In the first paragraph, the author tries to emphasize _________.A．his concern over climate changeB．his optimism in finding a way outC．the necessity of global actionsD．the difficulty in reaching an agreement70．Which conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2?A．Centralized distribution of food is highly efficient and cost-effective．B．Organic food from abroad is better than food produced locally．C．Supermarkets do a great job of offering a wide selection of goods．D．It’s better for us consumers to shop in local farmers’ markets．71．In Paragraph 3 the author tries to convey the message that _________.A．small changes in small habits can make big differencesB．it is not easy for us to reduce energy consumption at homeC．the present way of using energy leaves much to be desiredD．we individuals may not help much in fighting global warming72．At present, to replace petrol-driven cars，people may choose cars driven by _________.A．electricity B．LPG C．hydrogen D．biofuel73．For most of the car journeys，walking or cycling _________.A．is a waste of time B．is undesirableC．is a feasible option D．is what people prefer74．The passage is focused on _________.A．the impact of climate change on people’s livesB．the importance of individuals improving the environmentC．the benefits of cutting energy consumptionD．the small ways that can help fight global warmingPassage FiveSome years ago，thumping，jumping noises routinely issued from the apartment upstairs as if baby elephants were competing in the 50-yard dash. I went up one day to politely inquire. “No, nobody’s making noise here”the husband and wife both insisted．It must be coming from elsewhere in the building.”Two children about five years old，each holding soccer balls, stood fight beside their parents. “Could the thumping be your kids running around, perhaps playing soccer?” I asked．“Oh no, we never let the kids play in the house．”For months, the pattern continued: the thumping and jumping above, our delicate check-in, the denial. It got so that every time I saw the couple, I glared without a word of greeting. When they moved out of the building, the thumping stopped.I suppose I could have forgiven my neighbors and spared them the glare. After a11, forgiveness is in, a trend advocated by best-selling books, foundations and research institutes．The notion has gone well beyond spiritual leaders advising that forgiveness is good for the soul and that hard feelings will turn us bitter and hostile. Now the medical community cites studies showing that forgiveness can prevent heart attacks, lower blood pressure and even ease depression．I may be outnumbered，but I still believe in the healing power of the grudge(不满)．I’ve deployed grudges with an equal-opportunity sense of fairness—against teachers and classmates， bosses and colleagues，family and friends．I’ve chosen to stop speaking to certain people permanently and occasionally even spoken ill of them—but more with disbelief than a sense of revenge．I’m neither proud nor ashamed．But I’ve discovered that nothing feels quite as satisfying as a grudge well nursed．I’m not against forgiveness itself; I have forgiven people for rudeness as well as for deep misunderstandings and have done so without holding on to hard feelings. What I deplore is the propaganda about forgiveness. No longer an option，forgiveness is an official order. Forgiving so democratically cheapens the very act．A long standing grudge suggests that we hold certain standards, that we respect ourselves enough to reject bad behavior. Failure to forgive can be just as righteous, just as honorable as forgiveness itself.75．The author would probably describe the neighbors as __________.A．careless B．dishonest C．ignorant D．immodest76．Paragraph 3 is focused on __________.A．how forgiveness is good for US spiritually and physicallyB．how forgiveness has become a fashionable conceptC．what has changed people’s understanding of forgivenessD．what is the true meaning and virtue of forgiveness77. By “I may be outnumbered”(Para．4)，the author means that most people in her situation would probably _________.A．tell people how bad the neighbors areB．refuse to speak to the neighborsC．try to practice forgiveness to the neighborsD．ask the neighbors for an explanation78．The author seems ________ what she always does with grudges．A．ashamed of B．proud of C．satisfied with D．disappointed with 79．It can be 1earned that the author _________.A．has great difficulty forgiving peopleB．regrets failing to practice forgivenessC．wants to learn how to forgive peopleD．opposes “forgiveness without principle”80．The best title for the passage is __________.A．To Forgive is GodB．The Right Not to ForgiveC．Forgiveness in，Grudge outD．The Power of ForgivenessPAPER TWO译写答题注意事项一、小试卷(PaperTwo)答案一一概写在答题纸Ⅱ(Answer Sheet Ⅱ)一，草稿纸上的答题内容一概不予计分。
中科院英语听说教程听力原文及答案Unit 1
UNIT 1It’s Nice to Know You!Introductions and Conversation StartersIntroductionIn many situations, American people introduce themselves using their first names, and prefer that others call them by their first names. But British people and older people in either country, may be more formal, preferring to be introduced and called by their title and last name.Often when there is a difference in status or age between two individuals, formal titles and last names are used unless the person of lower status is told to use the first name. For example: M: Hello, my name is Bob Thomas.W: It‟s nice to meet you, Mr. Thomas.M: Please, just call me Bob.In informal introductions there is a tendency to reduce status difference by using first names. In more formal situations, the title along with the last name is appropriate. For example, when a student introduces herself to a university professor, she might say: “Hello, Dr. McCarrick. My name is Susan Hall. I would like to ask you about your course.”Answers to the Questions:1.Formal titles and last names are used. For example, Mr., Ms., Dr. and so on.2.The use of first names. For example, Bob, Tom and so on.Discussion Questions:1.How do Chinese people make formal introductions and address people of higher status?2.When speaking Chinese, how do you make informal introductions?3.When meeting and speaking with someone of the same status, would you use formal terms? InChinese? In English?Background Information:Use of Titles in IntroductionsUsually, a title cannot be combined with a given name. So forms such as Mr. Michael, or Miss Helen are normally unacceptable. The use of the honorary title …Sir‟with a man‟s given name is an exception.e.g. Frederick Catherwood—Sir FrederickElizabeth Catherwood—Lady Catherwood.In fact, there is an increasing tendency among Western young people to use their given name in all but the most formal situations.In Britain, teachers are normally addressed as follows:Primary school: Sir/Miss or Title + surnameSecondary school: Title + Surname or Sir/Miss.University or College: Title + Surname or given name.Rules to Go By in Interpersonal CommunicationsGenerally, one may be introduced by others or make self-introduction at the first meet. No matter being introduced or making self-introduction, the way should be natural and not precipitate. When introducing a person, you should gesture politely by hand. Pointing with fingers is not acceptable.There are sequences in introduction. You should introduce the young or people in low rank to the old or people in high rank; men should be introduced to women. When doing introduction all people should stand up except women and the elder. However this might be neglected at table. The introduced could just give some indication like smile or nod.Handshaking is etiquette when meeting or parting in most countries. On social occasions, handshake is not unusual. Generally, handshake happens at meeting and introducing. Usually make a hold without effort. However the young or people in low rank should go forward to show respect to the old or people in high rank. Men only hold the finger part of women.There are sequences in handshake too. Hosts, the old, people in high rank and women should offer their hands first. Guests, the young and people in low rank greet first then wait for hands of their counterparts then hold them. Do not intercross while many people handshake at the same time. Wait till others finish their handshake. Men should take off their gloves and hats before handshake (according to western custom, people in high rank or women might handshake with gloves). When attending large-scale activity, for there are too many people, you could handshake with the hosts and greet others with nodding, instead of handshaking. Soldiers with hat should raise their hands then handshake. You should look at your partner not others with smile. Some people from Buddhist countries in South and East Asia do not handshake, instead they close their hands to greet others. However we do not do this except we are treated this way.When meeting acquaintances from distance in public places, generally you may raise your right hand to greet and nod. Hand-kissing and going down to one‟s knees are the ancient European etiquette, not often used at present but still possible.Eye Contact and Handshaking in IntroductionsDirect eye contact and firm hand shakes during introductions are customary in the United States. In introductions as well as in general conversations, speakers maintain frequent eye contact. Most people become nervous if frequent eye contact turns into direct staring. When shaking hands, people shake firmly and briefly. The expression, “He shakes hands like a dead fish” refers to a limp handshake, a sign in the American culture of a weak character. Prolonged handshaking is not usual.Problems can arise when these customs are unfamiliar to foreign visitors. One foreign student remarked, “I‟m beginning to think that there is something wrong with me. When I shake hands with them, they always pull their hands away quickly.” Is his impression correct or is he misinterpreting a cultural ritual? American visitors sometimes pull their hands away too quickly in countries where prolonged handshaking is common.“Small Talk” After IntroductionsImmediately after introductions are made, there is usually a period of time in which impersonal or trivial subjects are discussed. This type of conversation, called “small talk,”is important because it often helps to maintain conversations and it can lead into interesting discussions. Usually speakers initiate small talk with such questions as “Do you live in this area?”“How do you like living here?” or “What are you studying?” It is also common for people to ask, “What do you do?” which means “What is your job?” but it is uncommon and considered impolite to ask “How much money do you make?”or “How much does your home (or some other possessions) cost?” Other questions such as “Are you married?” or “How old are you?” (to an adult) are considered too personal for initial meetings.In an introductory meeting, maintaining a conversation is easier when the two people find that they have something in common. They can talk about weather, jobs, holidays and outings, films, television programs and other forms of entertainments, local or national events, but not about age, money and marriage.Part One Listening InDavid: Excuse me,... uh... I could use some help with this washing machine.Annie: Sure. What seems to be the trouble?David: I just don‟t know how to use it. You see, this is my first time at the laundromat, and…Annie: I see. Well, how do you usually wash your clothes?David: I live alone, so I usually send them out to a laundry, but I wanted to save money, so I came here.Annie: Yeah, I know what you mean. I need to save money, too, because I just lost my job. David: Oh, really? What kind of work do you do?Annie: I‟m a waitress.David: Is that right? Well, I work at a restaurant, too, and I think they may have openings. I should introduce myself—my name‟s David Spencer.Annie: Well glad to meet you. I‟m Annie Kennedy.David: Nice meeting you, too. Where are you from?Annie: Paris, France. And you?David: I‟m from Mexico. How long have you been here?Annie: About a year. My father and mother live in Paris. I really miss them.David: Uh-huh. What do they do?Annie: My father‟s a businessman, and my mother‟s a nurse.David: Oh, really? Well, my mother works in a hospital, too. She‟s a doctor.Annie: Really? Where does she live?David: In Mexico City. My father isn‟t living, and... of course we really miss him.Annie: Oh, that‟s too bad.David: Do you have any brothers and sisters?Annie: Yeah. I have a brother, Peter. He lives in Los Angeles, California. Peter has a restaurant. I think he‟s a great cook. I call him every week.David: Oh? Well, I have a sister but I don‟t see her much. I talk to her on the phone sometimes.She lives with her husband and their two children in New York.Answers to the Questions:1.David: Excuse me, ....un... I could use some help with this washing machine.Annie: Sure.2.David: ... I should introduce myself—my name‟s David Spencer.Annie: Well, glad to meet you. I‟m Annie Kennedy.David: Nice meeting you, too.3.She‟s a waitress.4.David works in a restaurant, too.Part Two Better ListeningSection AW: Jeez, it‟s raining again!M: Oh, shoot! I should have brought my umbrella with me. (He sneezes.)W: Bless you.M: Thanks. By the way, I‟m Mike.W: Hi, Mike.M: Hi. I‟ve never seen you around. Are you a fresh person?W: Nope, I‟m a sophomore. I‟m Mary Brown.M: Mary, and what‟s your last name again?W: Mary Brown.M: Yeah, I‟ve heard of you. You‟re from Chicago, right?Answers to the Questions:1.Jeez, it‟s raining again!2.Mike and Mary.3.She‟s a student, and she‟s from Chicago.Conversation TwoM: Interesting meeting, isn‟t it?W: Yes, very. I thought the last speaker was especially good.M: Let me introduce myself, by the way, my name‟s Thomas Bradley. W: How do you do? I‟m Katherine Nugent.M: Sorry, what was your last name again?W: It‟s Nugent, N-U-G-E-N-T, but just call me Kate.M: OK, I‟m Tom.W: Glad to meet you, Tom.M: And what do you do, Kate?W: Me? I work for American Airlines.M: As a stewardess?W: Yes, that‟s right. And how about you?M: I work in the car business.W: Oh, really? What do you do exactly?M: I‟m a salesman.Answers to the Questions:1.Thomas Bradley and Katherine Nugent.2.Tom is a salesman and Kate is a stewardess.Section BConversation OneM: Excuse me, could you tell me the time?W: Er... yes... er, it‟s five to eight. The opera will start in five minutes.M: Thank you. Er... excuse me, I wonder if we haven’t met somewhere before?W: Wait, y-e-s, I remember now. Last year, we travelled to France together... er... Mr...er... M: Robert Berkens. I work for Benson’s Company.W: Yes, Mr. Berkens. Well, this is a pleasant surprise. How are you?M: Very well, thank you. How are you?Conversation TwoBetty: Great party, isn’t it?Jim: Sure is. Jane and Ted always have great parties.Betty: This is my first. I only met Jane last week. She and I teach at the same school Jim: Oh, so you‟re a teacher?Betty: Yeah, history. What about you?Jim: I work for GM.Betty: General Motors?Jim: Right.Betty: What do you do there?Jim: I‟m an accountant.Betty: Oh, I see. By the way, my name’s Betty Evans.Jim: Glad to meet you. I‟m Jim Taylor.Part Three Speaking OutFunctional ExpressionsSelf-introduction:First, let me introduce myself. I‟m David Emory, director of the English Department. Allow me to introduce myself. I‟m Jenny Heywood, an engineer from Cambex.May I introduce myself? I‟m Donald Ervin.Excuse me, I don‟t believe we‟ve met. I‟m...Excuse me, my name‟s...How do you do? I‟m...Responding to someone’s self-introduction:Happy to know you.Pleased to meet you!Introducing somebody to anotherMr. (Ms. Miss) Smith, may I introduce Mr. Thorn? He is my English teacher. Mr. (Ms. Miss) Smith, I‟d like you to meet Denise. She‟s at school with me. Hi, John. I don‟t think you‟ve met Tom, have you? Tom, this is John.Responding to this kind of introduction:(I‟m) (very) glad to know you, Mr. Johnson.Hello, Denise. Pleased to meet you.It was nice meeting you.It‟s nice to meet you.Hello, John. Actually, we‟ve already met.I‟m glad to have met you.Hello, Mr. Johnson (with a nod)?How d‟ye do?Starting a conversation(Weather)How‟s the weather today?Do you like the weather in this part of the country?I wonder what the weather is going to be like tomorrow.It‟s raining very hard. Does it rain very much in this area?It seems fairly mild for this time of year.It‟s cold and damp today.Nice and bright this morning.It‟s freezing today.It seems to be clearing up.What a downpour!The wind is going down.Hot/cold enough for you?Nice day, isn‟t it?Horrible weather we‟re having.(Asking for help)Excuse me, have you got a light?Uh, could you help me, I‟m looking for...Excuse me, is anybody sitting here?(Connection of some sort)Say, haven‟t I seen you with Betty?Say, don‟t I know you from somewhere?(Interruption)Sorry, I couldn‟t help overhearing--did you mention something about ...?Ending a conversation and parting:Well, it‟s been nice talking to you, but I really have to go now.Well, I‟ve really enjoyed talking to you, but I‟d better get going.I hope we can see each other sometime.I hope we‟ll meet again sometime.See you later.Section AConversation OneSuggested responses:Sue: Hi, Jane. How are you doing?Jane: Good. Hey, Sue, have you met Mike before?Sue: No, I‟m afraid not.Jane: All right. This is Sue. (To Sue) Mike. We’re roommates.Mike: Hi, Sue.Sue: Hi, Mike.Conversation TwoSuggested responses:Betty: Excuse me, anyone sitting here?Tammy: Um, no. Woops! Sorry, I‟ll just move my book.Betty: It‟s all right, thanks.Tammy: There we are!Betty: Thank you... er... I‟m Betty. I study in the Foreign Languages Department.Tammy: Tammy. I‟m a new student.Part Four Comprehensive PracticeSection AMan: Hi. Uh, haven‟t we met before? You look so familiar.Woman: Yeah. We met on campus last week, and you asked me the same question.Man: Oh, really? I‟m sorry, but I‟m terrible with names. But, but, but… Let me guess. It‟s Sherry, right?Woman: No, but you got the first letter right.Man: I know, I know. It‟s on the tip of my tongue. Wait. Uh, Sandy, Susan.Woman: Nope. So, was I that memorable?Man: Wait, wait. It‟s Sharon.Woman: You got it…and only on t he fourth try.Man: So, well, Sh…, I mean Sharon. How are you?Woman: Not bad. And what was your name?Man: It‟s Ben, but everyone calls me B.J. And, uh, what do you do, S h… Sharon? Woman: I‟m a graduate student majoring in TESL.Man: Uh, TESL…What‟s that?Woman: It stands for teaching English as a second language. I want to teach English to non-native speakers overseas.Man: Oh, yeah. I‟m pretty good at English grammar. You know, verbs and adjectives, and uh… Hey, that sounds really exciting. And do you need some type of specific degree or experience to do that? I mean could I do something like that?Woman: Well, most employers overseas are looking for someone who has at least a Bachelor‟s degree and one or two years of experience. And what do you do? Areyou a student on campus?Man: Yeah, but, uh... I guess I‟m mulling over the idea of going into accounting or international business, but I guess I‟m now leaning towards a degree in marketing. Woman: Oh, uh… Well, I have to run. I have a class in ten minutes.Man: Oh, okay. And, uh, by th e way, there‟s a dance on campus at the student center tonight, and I was wondering if you‟d…you know… like to come along.Woman: Oh really? Well, perhaps…Man: Okay, well, bye.Answers to the Questions:1. familiar2. terrible3. memorable4. majoring5. overseas6. degree7. accounting 8. leaning 9. class 10. wonderingSection BI was born in Canada. I grew up, went to school, and found work there. But now I have a job as an English teacher in another country. I don‟t know the language of the country very well, but I am excited about my new opportunity. My new life began today—at a big airport thousands of miles from my hometown. No one met me. I tried to call my new school, but I couldn‟t get the public telephone to work. A man spoke to me, but I didn‟t understand much. Then he got me a taxi. During the ride to my hotel, I felt like a child. I couldn‟t read the signs or talk to the driver. How should I pay for the taxi? How can I get information and help?I‟m going to take classes to learn the language of my new country. But how will I get along with the people? Even in my own culture, communication was not always easy, I had a few misunderstandings with strangers, acquaintances, and friends. How will I learn the “rules” of everyday life here? Everything seems so different—even strange.Questions:1.Where was the man from?2.Was he happy to have a new experience in a new country?3.What was the biggest problem that the person met the first day in his new life?4.What worries him most right now?Answers to the Questions:1. B2. A3. C4. A。
中科院硕士学位英语考试GET真题及答案解析英语试卷1
GENERAI ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS(GETJAN0811)考试注意事项一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一 (Paper One)包括听力明白得、辞汇、完形填空与阅读明白得四部份，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二(Paper Two)包括翻译与写作两部份，共3题。
二、试卷一(题号1-80)为客观评分题(听力Section C部份除外)，答案一概用2B 铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A][B][C][D]。
三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。
答题前，请认真阅读试卷二的注意事项。
四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号(听力Section C部份除外)，答案一概写在答题纸上，不然无效。
五、本考试全数时刻为150分钟，采纳试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的方法。
试卷一考试时刻为90分钟，听力明白得部份以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部份共计时65分钟，每部份所占时刻均标在试卷上，考生可自行把握。
试卷二共计时60分钟，每部份所占时刻均标在试卷上，考生可自行把握。
六、试卷一与试卷二采取别离收卷的方法。
每次终了时刻一到，考生一概搁笔，等候监考教师收点试卷及答题纸。
全数考试终止后，须待监考教师将全数试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试终止，方可离开考场。
PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION(25 minutes，20 points)Section A(1 point each)Directions：In each section，you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers．At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said．The conversations and the questions will be read only once．Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．1．A．He was beaten by a fellow worker．B．He was laughed at by a fellow worker．C．He was fired from his work．D．He was replaced by his co-worker．2．A．He did it like everyone else．B．He was not speeding basically．C．He would like to pay the fine．．D．The policeman was unfair to him．3．A．Talk about their fishing experiences．B．Drive the woman’s dad to the station together．C．Put off their fishing plan for the next weekend．D．Go fishing after the woman sees her dad off．4．A．She thought the man’s project had been finished．B．She didn’t know the man’s project was urgent．C．She thinks the man shouldn’t be so stressed．D．She thinks the man has exaggerated about his project．5．A．He knows psychology very well．B．Psychology is beyond his comprehension．C．Psychology is his major．D．He has forgotten the theory of psychology6．A．It’s a pleasant surprise．B．It’s really unexpected．C．It’s very sad．D．It’s a pity．7．A．He was disappointed with the service．B．He Was satisfied with the service．C．He finally got what he wanted．D．He would like to try it again．8．A．He didn’t finish his finals week．B．He failed most of his examinations．C．He couldn’t remember what he had prepared in the exams．D．He couldn’t concentrate during the exams．9．A．Not enjoyable．B．Just so so．C．It’s his favorite．D．He likes it．Section B(1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear two mini．talks．At the end of each talk, there will be some questions．Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once．After each question，there will be a pause．During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer SheetMini-talk One10．A．T0 start up her own business．B．To gain experience．C．To save for her tuition．D．To help her family．11．A．Because he could have more spare credits．B．Because the 15-credit-plan was more cost-efficient．C．Because he had to make up 15 credits．D．Because the 15-credit-plan was easier．12．A．To become an intern．B．To challenge traditions．C．To start up her own business．D．To get a full time job．Mini-talk Two13．A．The United States has declared its independence．B．Lady Liberty is a gift from the people of France．C．American people have shaken off the oppression．D．The United States has broken off its relations with UK．14．A．Lady Liberty．B．Liberty Lady．C．The Statue of Liberty．D．Liberty Enlightening the World．15．A．By bus．B．By boat．C．By car．D．By subway．Section C (1 point each)Directions：In this section you will hear a short lecture．Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture．You will hear the recording twice．After the recording you are asked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet．You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below．(请在录音终止后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)16. Mental health experts also include other disorders like ___________ (4 words) that affect millions of people．17．Mental health problems are most severe in poor countries that __________(3 words) to deal with them．18．About half of all mental health problems first appear before __________(4 words)．19．According to WHO，how many people suffered from depression in 2020? (4 words) 20．The disability caused by mental disorders can have a big impact on __________.(3 words)PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY(10 minutes，10 points)Section A point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined .Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A , B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. It was fascinating to watch my husband as he literally became President before my eyes．A. liberallyB. wisely C．actually D．theoretically22. The rights that the citizens of those countries enjoy can all be incorporated in the laws of those individual countries．A．embodied B．excluded C．immersed D．interpreted 23．These are the men and women who run the house and tend to the special needs of its residents．A．take to B．amount to C．attend to D．object to 24．These women hoped that the cease-fire would continue and that the violence would end once and for all．A. quickly B．conclusively C．universallyD．temporarily25. There is some excitement on the horizon, but I can’t tell you about it．A. in the distance B．soon to happen C．without a question D．at first sight26. Low interest rates created easy credit conditions, fueling a housing construction boom and encouraging consumption．A. contaminating B．extinguishing C．stimulating D．transporting 27．War involves inflicting the greatest amount of damage in the briefest space of time．A. imposing B．avoiding C．compensating D．fabricating28. Inflation can destroy the fabric of society by adversely affecting fixed income groups．A. stabilityB. perplexity C．evolution D．structure29. The participants of the meeting were astonished by the discrepancy between the mayor’s words and his actionsA．difference B．correlation C．conformity D．separation 30．The English writing of college students in China is generally redundant for lack of specific words．A．ambiguous B．wordy C．unconvincing D．stereotypedSection B point each)Directions：There are ten questions in this section．Each question is a sentence with something missing．Below each sentence are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D． Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence．Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．31． Without mutual trust，the willingness to engage _______ in the learning processis hindered．A．deliberately B．collaboratively C．destructively D．individually32． Humans have to settle the problems with food, clothes and _______ before they call survive．A．cabin B．mansion C．shed D．shelter33． How did it ________ that in English the correlation between spelling and pronunciation is not very close?A．come about B．come on C．come to D．come by34．While the test-oriented approach to teaching is _________ desirable，it is widely used in China．A．other than B．not only C．nothing but D．far from35．In January 1995，George M . Bush ________ was as the new governor of Texas．A．turned in B．taken in C．sworn in D．put in 36．The latest data showed that global ozone ________ had dropped several percent over the last decade．A．penetrations B．concentrations C．dimensions D．extensions 37．Scientists have been trying to ________ what factors can cause aging．A．find out B．turn out C．set out D．carry out38．Ten years ________ her career as a lawyer, she decided to start her own firmin Chicago．A．within B．during C．into D．amid39．The tower of the World Trade Center ________ after it was hit by the plane．A．dissipated B．paddled C．hedged D．collapsed40．I could speak their language and ________ with their problems because I have been there myself.A．collide B．coincide C．identify D．associatePART Ⅲ CLOZE TEST(10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Directions：There are 10 questions in this part of the test．Read the passage through．Then , go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A．B．C. orD for each blank in the passage．Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on),our machine-scoring Answer Sheet．Early in January 2020，the temperature in Tanana，Alaska, fell to 55 below zero F．It was so cold that when the airport runway lights stopped working，crews were 41 from going outside to fix them．So it was a real concern when Vicky Aldridge，a nurse practitioner at the village health center, realized that 61-year-old Winkler Bifelt was bleeding 42 and needed medical treatment at Fairbanks Memorial Hospital， 43 150 miles away．The sun was already down when Aldridge made the 44 telephone callto Frontier Flying Service in Fairbanks．“We told them the only way we could fly was if they could find enough vehiclesto 45 the runway with headlights so we could land,” said Bob Hajdukovich，the company’s president．Aldridge’s next calls went to airport and town officials，who， 46 called villagers．Forty five minutes later, enough cars，trucks，minivans and snowmobiles had lined up SO that the runway was 47 .Pilots Nate Thompson and David Fowler landed without 48 , and then tookoff again，with Bifelt．“There is this wonderful caring 49 in the village，”Aldridge said．“If anyone needs anything，all I have to do is call one or two people and everything will get 50 .41．A．objected B．obstructed C．obliged D．observed 42．A．intimately B．integrally．C．intentionally D．internally 43．A．1ess B．some C．but D．even 44．A．eagerness B．pressure C．emergency D．hurry45．A．1ine B．cross C．span D．park46．A．by turns B．in turn C．in order D．in return47．A．1ightened B．illustrated C．cleared D．widened 48．A．reason B．support C．hesitation D．consideration 49．A．status B．occasion C．surrounding D．atmosphere 50．A．into control B．out of danger C．done well with D．taken care ofPART IV READING COMPREHENSION(45 minutes，30 points，1 point each)Directions：In this part of the test, there are five short passages．Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow．Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet．Passage OneNovember 25 is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women．This day was recognized by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1999 with a view to raising public awareness of violations of the rights of women．Why was this step necessary?In many cultures women are viewed and treated as inferior or as second class citizens． Prejudices against them are deep rooted． Gender based violence in all its forms is all its forms is an ongoing problem，even in the so-called developed world．According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Anna, “violence against women is global in reach, and takes place in all societies and cultures. It affects women no matter what their race, social origin, birth or other status may be.”Radhika Coomaraswamy, UN expert of the Commission on Human Rights on violence against women, says in his report that for the vast majority of women, violenceagainst women is “a taboo issue，invisible in society and a shameful fact of life.”Statistics issued by a victim study institution in Holland indicate that 23 percent of women in one South American country, or about 1 in 4, suffer some form of domestic violence. Likewise, the Council of Europe estimates that 1 in 4 European women suffer domestic violence during their lifetime. According to the British Home Office in England and Wales in one recent year, an average of two women each week were killed by current or former partners. The magazine India Today International reported that “for women across India, fear is a constant companion and rape is the stranger they may have to confront at every corner, on any road，in any public place at any hour.”UN experts described violence against women and girls as “today’s most serious human fights challenge.”51．This passage is intended to _________.A．point out the root of violence against womenB．find solutions 10 violence against womenC．criticize the governments’ inaction about violence against womenD．make people better aware of violence against women52．The word “gender” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.A．race B．society C．culture D．sex53．According to former UN Secretary General Kofi Anna，violence against women could be widely found _________.A．in South American countriesB．in rich countriesC．in developing countriesD．across the world54．By “violence against women is a taboo issue”，Radhika Coomaraswamy means that the vast majority of women _________.A．turn a blind eye to the problemB．don’t want to talk about the problemC．turn a deaf ear to the problemD．have been accustomed to the problem55．According to the last paragraph，violence against women is _________.A．more serious in South American countriesB．more serious in European countriesC．equally serious in South American and European countriesD．1ess serious in developed countries56．According to the passage，women in India _________.A．often live in the fear of violence against themB．suffer more serious domestic violenceC．must have their companions everywhereD．are facing most serious human rights challengesPassage TwoWhen you think of monkeys，you probably think of the Tropics．Few species of monkeys venture into temperate lands．Nevertheless，there are one or two notable exceptions．In the high Atlas Mountains of North Africa，where snowfall is common during the winter, small groups of Barbary apes roam through forests of cedar and oak．One isolated group of these monkeys can be found 200 miles to the north，living on the Rock of Gibraltar, at the southern most tip of Europe．How do naturalists explain this mystery? Some believe that the monkeys colonized other areas of Europe in the distant past and that those of Gibraltar are the only surviving group．Others think that Arabic or British colonizers brought them to the Rock．Legend has it that the monkeys crossed the narrow straits dividing Europe from Africa by means of a long—lost underground tunnel．Whatever their origin，they are now the only free range monkeys found in Europe．The Barbary apes are not actually apes．They are tailless monkeys．The Barbary apes inhabit the pine woods that cover the upper part of the Rock．Although they number only a hundred or so, they have become “the peninsula’s most famous residents,” according to the International Primate Protection League．Since seven million tourists visit Gibraltar every year，the mischievous monkeys have an ample food supply．Although they feed on wild plants．they have becomeskilled at begging and occasionally stealing food from visitors．Local authorities also provide the monkeys with fruit and vegetables．Apart from feeding，the monkeys spend 20 percent of their day grooming each other. Both male and female monkeys care for and play with the young ones. They live in close knit groups, where stress sometimes leads to confrontation. While the older monkeys use threats and screams to chase away the younger ones，they also have an unusual tooth—chattering behavior that seems to calm them down．Their arrival on Gibraltar may remain a mystery；still，these sociable monkeys add a special charm to the limestone headland that guards the entrance to the Mediterranean Sea．Gibraltar world not be the same without them.57．The monkeys on the Rock of Gibraltar are special because _________.A．they live in tropic areasB．they inhabit temperate landsC．they live in forestsD．they came from North Africa58．Which of the following is NOT the possible origin of the Gibraltar monkeys?A．They may be the surviving group of European monkeys．．B．They may have been brought to Gibraltar by colonizers．C．They may have come from Africa through the long—lost tunnel．D．They may have swum across the narrow straits from Africa．59．The population of “the peninsula’s most famous residents”_________.A．is growing rapidlyB．outnumbers the local peopleC．is threatened by too many visitorsD．is about five scores60．We can learn from the 5th paragraph that Gibraltar monkeys _________.A．mainly feed on food from visitorsB．often threaten local touristsC．are very naughtyD．are raised by．the local authorities61．The word “grooming” in the 6m paragraph is closest in meaning to _________.A．cleaning B．biting C．fighting D．isolating62．According to the passage, _________.A．Gibraltar would be better without the monkeysB．the monkeys have added beauty to the Rock of GibraltarC·Gibraltar monkeys and those in the high Atlas Mountains are of different speciesD．the older Gibraltar monkeys are very fierce to the younger onesPassage ThreeWhich would You give up：TV, Cell，Or Web? From November 6 to December 3，a 1-question online Poll was placed on high-traffic websites in 15 countries (Australia，Brazil，Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Netherlands, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom, United States). A total of 150 respondents in each country participated in the poll．In this global survey, 11 of 15 countries say they’d turn off the TV before they’d silence their cell phone or log off the Internet. Women，especially, will give up their favorite shows，voting to do so by a greater percentage than men in all but four countries. “I work 50-plus hours a week and more importantly, the programs 1 watch on TV are free on the web.” Paula Kress of Georgia explains why she’d give up on TV.Younger respondents are more likely to take a pass on television，but older folks don’t necessarily stay away from the online experience．In Singapore，not a single person over 45 voted to stop surfing．“I'm not much for sitting in front of the screens，but I need the Interact to keep in touch with friends and family．”Hanna Lama explains why she’d keep the web and ditch TVIn the United States，people voted to give up TV, yet Americans sit in front of the flat screen for an average of four hours，37 minutes a day．But if the decision had been made by respondents over 45，the cell phone would have．gotten the boot instead．In Canada people voted to give up the cell．The cost effect analysis shows thatpeople there pay some of the highest rates for their cell phone plans，which may be why they have the lowest number of cell users among the western countries polled．“I don’t want to be reachable at every moment”is another logical explanation．Why was Brazil the only country to pick the Internet (and by such a huge margin)? Brazil has some of the lowest rates of Internet use worldwide, with just 35 users per l00 people．(The U．S．and U．K．both have 72.) Brazil’s cost to hook up is also high，about $26 a month，compared with $7.4 in Germany．63．What is the most important reason for Paula Kress to give up TV?A．She doesn’t have time to watch TV．B．She doesn’t like sitting in front of screens．C．She can watch TV programs on the web．D．She finds online programs more interesting．64．Survey results in Singapore show that _________.A．women watch TV programs for a longer period of time than menB．men depend as much on cell phones as women doC．younger people use cell phones more than older peopleD．older people enjoy the Internet just like the younger ones65·Which of the following phrases is closest in meaning to“get the boot”(Para．3)?A. be dismissed B．catch on C．be favored D．become dominant66．It is implied that among the Americans polled，there were more _________.A．men B．women C．younger people D．older people 67．How many countries picked the cell phone in the survey?A．2．B．3．C．4．D．5．68．In the last paragraph，the author mainly _________.A．describes the findings in the Brazilian surveyB．discusses the gap between Brazil and the western worldC．presents the reasons behind the Brazilian decisionD．analyzes the development of the Internet in BrazilPassage FourToday, world leaders are discussing climate change and what—if anything—can be done to combat global warming. Extreme weather conditions have brought home the fact that our climate is changing--and changing fast．It may be easy to be fatalistic about it, but the truth is that although we humans have caused the problem, we also have the solution. “Think global and act local,”said Friends of the Earth founder David Bower. In many small but important ways we can make a difference. Here are my top tips for how to begin：Count your food miles. What you eat and where you buy it affects global emissions. Pollution from transport is the fastest growing source of carbon dioxide emissions, so it is madness to fly out-of-season vegetables across the world to supermarkets．We should lobby supermarkets for a system of classifying food according to the distance travelled：0 for local food， l for British，2 for Europe，and 3 for intercontinental．Turn off anything that winks at you. A video recorder on standby uses almost as much electricity as one playing a tape．Turning down the thermostat by one degree．not leaving TV and music centre on standby，turning off lights，putting lids on cooking pots，and only half-filling kettles can cut energy consumption by 30％，saving your money as well as saving the planet．Just stop using petrol. Yes you can，and the car industry may (eventually) help you. Hydrogen-powered cars are loved by car designers and could become a reality in about 1 0 years. Meanwhile, consider convening to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)．You won’t be alone：a new pump for this is opening every day. Meanwhile，you can cut down on conventional petrol use just by changing driving habits—no rapid acceleration，lower speeds，keeping tires at the right pressure·Well，you can always walk. Or cycle. The majority of car journeys are less than five miles and．Honestly, once you’ve stepped out，you’ll find it’s really not that bad．The only energy used is your own and that’s healthy. You only have to look at the collective strength of the people’s fuel lobby to know this makes sense．These changes will save you money which you should invest in an ethical savingaccount. They are profitable and they put the pressure on business to clean up its act．69．In the first paragraph, the author tries to emphasize _________.A．his concern over climate changeB．his optimism in finding a way outC．the necessity of global actionsD．the difficulty in reaching an agreement70．Which conclusion can be drawn from paragraph 2?A．Centralized distribution of food is highly efficient and cost-effective．B．Organic food from abroad is better than food produced locally．C．Supermarkets do a great job of offering a wide selection of goods．D．It’s better for us consumers to shop in local farmers’ markets．71．In Paragraph 3 the author tries to convey the message that _________.A．small changes in small habits can make big differencesB．it is not easy for us to reduce energy consumption at homeC．the present way of using energy leaves much to be desiredD．we individuals may not help much in fighting global warming72．At present, to replace petrol-driven cars，people may choose cars driven by _________.A．electricity B．LPG C．hydrogen D．biofuel73．For most of the car journeys，walking or cycling _________.A．is a waste of time B．is undesirableC．is a feasible option D．is what people prefer74．The passage is focused on _________.A．the impact of climate change on people’s livesB．the importance of individuals improving the environmentC．the benefits of cutting energy consumptionD．the small ways that can help fight global warmingPassage FiveSome years ago，thumping，jumping noises routinely issued from the apartment upstairs as if baby elephants were competing in the 50-yard dash. I went up one day to politely inquire. “No, nobody’s making noise here”the husband and wife both insisted．It must be coming from elsewhere in the building.”Two children about five years old，each holding soccer balls, stood fight beside their parents. “Could the thumping be your kids running around, perhaps playing soccer?” I asked．“Oh no, we never let the kids play in the house．”For months, the pattern continued: the thumping and jumping above, our delicate check-in, the denial. It got so that every time I saw the couple, I glared without a word of greeting. When they moved out of the building, the thumping stopped.I suppose I could have forgiven my neighbors and spared them the glare. After a11, forgiveness is in, a trend advocated by best-selling books, foundations and research institutes．The notion has gone well beyond spiritual leaders advising that forgiveness is good for the soul and that hard feelings will turn us bitter and hostile. Now the medical community cites studies showing that forgiveness can prevent heart attacks, lower blood pressure and even ease depression．I may be outnumbered，but I still believe in the healing power of the grudge(不满)．I’ve deployed grudges with an equal-opportunity sense of fairness—against teachers and classmates， bosses and colleagues，family and friends．I’ve chosen to stop speaking to certain people permanently and occasionally even spoken ill of them—but more with disbelief than a sense of revenge．I’m neither proud nor ashamed．But I’ve discovered that nothing feels quite as satisfying as a grudge well nursed．I’m not against forgiveness itself; I have forgiven people for rudeness as well as for deep misunderstandings and have done so without holding on to hard feelings. What I deplore is the propaganda about forgiveness. No longer an option，forgiveness is an official order. Forgiving so democratically cheapens the very act．A long standing grudge suggests that we hold certain standards, that we respect ourselves enough to reject bad behavior. Failure to forgive can be just as righteous, just as honorable as forgiveness itself.75．The author would probably describe the neighbors as __________.A．careless B．dishonest C．ignorant D．immodest76．Paragraph 3 is focused on __________.A．how forgiveness is good for US spiritually and physicallyB．how forgiveness has become a fashionable conceptC．what has changed people’s understanding of forgivenessD．what is the true meaning and virtue of forgiveness77. By “I may be outnumbered”(Para．4)，the author means that most people in her situation would probably _________.A．tell people how bad the neighbors areB．refuse to speak to the neighborsC．try to practice forgiveness to the neighborsD．ask the neighbors for an explanation78．The author seems ________ what she always does with grudges．A．ashamed of B．proud of C．satisfied with D．disappointed with 79．It can be 1earned that the author _________.A．has great difficulty forgiving peopleB．regrets failing to practice forgivenessC．wants to learn how to forgive peopleD．opposes “forgiveness without principle”80．The best title for the passage is __________.A．To Forgive is GodB．The Right Not to ForgiveC．Forgiveness in，Grudge outD．The Power of ForgivenessPAPER TWO译写答题注意事项一、小试卷(PaperTwo)答案一一概写在答题纸Ⅱ(Answer Sheet Ⅱ)一，草稿纸上的答题内容一概不予计分。
中国科学院大学2008年6月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案详解
General English Qualifying Test (2008-6)PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A (1 point each)1. A. Composition is her favorite course.B. She prefers other courses to composition.C. She enjoys most of the courses.D. She doesn't like any course.2. A. She hasn't read the passage.B. She doesn't understand it either.C. She cannot read it in darkness.D. She suggests that the man read it.3. A. To guard her money.B. Not to go shopping downtownC. To look for a new wallet.D. Not to take the train.4. A. The working hours were too long.B. The job was not well-paid.C. He didn't like working in a companyD. The job was quite difficult.5. A. Steven is satisfied with his experiment.B. Steven couldn't enjoy the parties any moreC. Steven is a pleasure-seeker,D. Steven is worried about his experiments.6. A. To go to a concert with the man.B. To give the mall a lift to the countrysideC. To enjoy the sunshine.D. To have a short trip for pleasure.7. A. Fred keeps annoying other people.B. Fred looks very funny.C. Fred always makes other people laugh.D. Fred is a man of his word.8. A. To obey the established rules.B. To buy a new book for guidance.C. To try a new but safer experiment.D. To learn the methods from practice.9. A. Bob doesn't swim.B. Bob cannot be relied on.C. Bob cannot persist in doing anything.D. Bob won't be free.Section B (1 point each)Mini-talk one10. A. To find effects on the teaching of reading.B. To raise test scores in reading comprehension.C. To increase the teaching time for reading.D. To help all children read at or above grade level.11. A. Teachers.timeB. Critics.failureC. Congressmen.D. Federal officialscontinue12. A. Green Eggs and Ham. 1B. To Kill A Mockingbird. Most oftenC. Of Mice and Men.D. A Child Called ‘It’.Mini-talk Two1-5 ABABC 6-10 DCACD 11-15 BABCC13. A. A scientistB. A forester.C. A school master.D. A farmer.14. A. He taught students to watch grass grow.B. He taught students how to manage forest.C. He got parents involved in their children's workD. He developed games about science.15. A. He wrote his own textbooks.B. He made students interested in their studies.C. He helped the students increase their scores.D. He made school activities creative.Section C (1 point each)PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each) 21-25 ABDCB 26-30 DBACA21. Some scientists are trying to eliminate malaria by developing a GM mosquito that can't transmit thedisease.A. removeB. fabricateC. enhanceD. utilize22. A tall building is usually equipped with several elevators, so it doesn't matter if one of them is out of order.A. in a messB. in bad conditionC. in short supplyD. in a hurry23. As the train service had been suspended, thousands of people had to wait for days at the station.A. elevated slightlyB. cancelled completelyC. delayed frequentlyD. stopped temporarily24. We can learn about the hazards of hunting big game in stories about their ancestors.A. adventuresB. pleasuresC. dangersD. consequences25. Novel drugs developed through biotechnologies can be expected to deliver a better effect.A. distributeB. produceC. liberateD. express26. The price of housing varies with demand, and the same rule seems to hold for automobiles.A. containB. fastenC. graspD. apply27. Some people are skeptical about the validity of Aristotle's argument that man is by nature a politicalanimal.A. efficiencyB. soundnessC. availabilityD. contribution28. Heart-broken and desperate, she was determined to leave this family for good.A. permanentlyB. alternativelyC. temporarilyD. desirably29. It is generally believed that money can always bring happiness, but studies and surveys have proved thatthis is a myth.A. fairy taleB. absolute mythC. mistaken ideaD. big controversy30. The sight of these soldiers toiling along the expressway was extremely touching to a tender heart.A. sympatheticB. mildC. concernedD. feebleSection B (0.5 point each) 31-35 BDCAD 36-40 DBCAD31. Students of English are advised to try to ___________the meaning of a new word from the context.A. turn outB. figure outC. look outD. put out32. The drastic changes that have taken place in China have won worldwide __________.A. identificationB. realizationC. admissionD. recognition33. Bill Clinton rose to prominence after he was elected governor of Arkansas at age 32 in 1978.A. presidentB. secretaryC. governorD. premier34. The finding of this experiment is consistent with what was previously reported.A. consistentB. constantC. coherentD. competent35. However, the nature of online interactions is such that we tend to be more honest, more intimate.A. interruptionsB. interpretationsC. imaginationsD. interactions36. Reading extensively can broaden our vision and extend our life into a new dimension.A. perspectiveB. hierarchyC. layerD. dimension37. I was quite _______ to find my test score well below that of my tablemate.A. fascinatedB. dismayedC. amusedD. convinced38. An earthquake of 8- _________ struck some parts of this province, causing a death toll of over 30,000.A. altitudeB. aptitudeC. magnitudeD. gratitude39. Both linguists and psychologists are eager to learn more about the process of language ________.A. acquisitionB. attainmentC. possessionD. fulfillment40. An overseas market with a great growth potential is not easy to _________.A. break downB. break upC. break throughD. break intoPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)According to the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), car crashes are the leading cause of death among children 41 5 and 14 years of age. Says NHTSA: "Over 50% of children who die in crashes are 42 by safety devices. 43 , 4 out of 5 children are improperly restrained."The NHTSA offers a number of safety tips and 44 for those who are accompanied by children while driving. Although laws 45 from country to country and even from state to state, these guidelines may 46 food for thought to many parents and guardians of children. Please check your local laws and do 47 you can to keep your precious baby safe.The safest place for all children is in the back seat. Infants should be 48 in a rear-facing safety seat in the backseat of the car. A child at least a year old and 49 at least 20 pounds may be placed in a forward-facing seat. At 40 pounds, the child can use a "booster seat", which is secured by one of the car's lap and shoulder 50 . At approximately 80 pounds and a height of about four feet nine inches, the child may begin using an adult safety belt.41. A. at B. between C. for D. about42. A. bound B. undefined C. unrestrained D. inhibited43. A. Of course B. On contrary C. Nevertheless D. In addition44. A. cautions B. forms C. notes D. concepts45. A. work B. vary C. enforce D. affect46. A. give way B. differ from C. serve as D. deal with47. A. whatever B. whichever C. that D. which48. A. tied B. stuck C. surrounded D. placed49. A. weight B. weighted C. weigh D. weighing50. A. stripes B. belts C. ribbons D. bowsPART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneAmericans are more socially isolated than they were 20 years ago, separated by work, commuting and the single life, researchers reported on Friday.Nearly a quarter of people surveyed said they had "zero" close friends with whom to discuss personal matters. More than 50 percent named two or fewer confidants, the researchers said.“This is a big social change, and it indicates something that's not good for our society,” said Duke University Professor Lynn Smith-Lovin. Smith-Lovin's group used data from a national survey of 1,500 American adults that has been ongoing since 1972.She said it indicated people had a surprising drop in the number of close friends since 1985. At that time, Americans most commonly said they had three close friends whom they had known for a long time, saw often, and with whom they shared a number of interests. They were almost as likely to name four or five friends, and the relationships often sprang from their neighborhoods or communities.Ties to a close network of friends create a social safely net that is good for society. Research has also linked social support and civic participation to a longer life, Smith-Lovin said.The data also show the social isolation trend mirrors other class divides: Non-whites Americans and the highly educated. That means that in daily life, personal emergencies and national disasters such as Hurricane Katrina, those with the lowest resources also have the lowest personal friends to call for advice and assistance."It's one thing to know someone and exchange e-mails with them. It's another thing to say, ‘Will you give me a ride out of town with all of my possessions and pets? And can I stay with you for a couple or three months?’” Smith-Lovin said."Worrying about social isolation is not a matter of remembering a warm past. Real things are strongly connected with that," added Harvard University Public Policy Professor Robert Putnam. He suggested flexible work schedules would allow Americans to tend both personal and professional lives.51. One reason for the social isolation of Americans is ________.A. frequent relocationB. frequent travelingC. living aloneD. working flexible hours52. The percentage of people with more than two close friends is about________.A. 25%B. 50%C. 60%D. 75%53. According to the passage, close social ties among people are_______.A. a must for social progressB. beneficial for the familyC. a source of happinessD. good for people's health54. It is implied that ________ tend to live a more socially isolated life.A. people in the higher social ladderB. people in the lower social ladderC. people with a longer life spanD. people with a shorter life span55. According to Robert Putnam, ________.A. it is useless to worrying about social isolationB. social isolation is not necessarily bad for usC. it is time to do something about social isolationD. social isolation does not mean the end of society56. The passage is focused on _________.A. the new trend in American social lifeB. the urban problems in modem societyC. the ways to build a strong social networkD. the reasons for close interpersonal relationshipsPassage TwoFor years, France proudly resisted establishing domestic smoking bans. It held out longer than Britain, Spain and Italy, but on January 2, 2008, it finally forbid cigarettes in bars, cafes, restaurants and clubs.This was not a decision taken lightly. Magazines ran photo-spreads reminding us that French people look seriously cool with a cigar in their mouth. There were illustrations of Charles de Gaulle, the French president during World War II, Brigitte Bardot the 1950s famous fashionist, and the famous French philosopher and writer, Jean-Paul Sartre. Even the present President Nicolas Sarkozy, extremely image-conscious, posed for Paris Match magazine with a fat cigar.But now, France's traditional “cafe-clope” (morning coffee and cigarette) is only possible if people can bear the freezing temperatures outside.In the latter part of the 20th century, the health risks of second-bend tobacco smoke were made public. Then, in 1975, a modern wave of smoking bans started in Minnesota, the US. Since then, many countries and regions have joined in the movement. Among them, the US has been a pioneer, with California being the first in the world to ban indoor smoking at all public places, including bars and restaurants. Thus some French people call the non-smoking law issued on January 2 "a touch too American".However, studies before the ban showed that 70 percent of French people supported the enforcement. The public's positive response means that the smoking ban will be just one more US trend accepted by French society. Even among strong smokers, no one wants to risk a fine.French barman Jean-Michel, dressed in a leather waistcoat and a cowboy-style shoelace tie, complained harshly about the ban. Was be anticipating a smokers' revolt? "No," he said calmly. "People will respect it. I'll do what I did at school. I'll smoke in the toilets.”According to the non-smoking law, individuals who smoke in bars, cafes, restaurants or clubs can be fined up to 450 euros. The owners of these places can be fined up to 750 euros if they fail to stop customers from smoking.57. The law of banning smoking in public places was not made easily because _______.A. France proudly resists establishing new lawsB. French people like their images with a cigar in their mouthC. French people have had such a strong habit since World War IID. smoking has become fashionable for Frenchmen lately58. According to the passage, French President Nicolas Sarkozy _________.A. pays a great deal of attention to his own public imageB. has been a heavy smoker in public eyesC. strongly opposes the law of banning smokingD. is a model in the hearts of French people59. Which of the following is the first place in the world to ban indoor smoking at all public places?A. Minnesota.B. California.C. France.D. Britain.60. It is implied in the passage that _________.A. French people usually resist American trendsB. French people oppose the non-smoking law because it is too AmericanC. French people often follow American suitsD. French people respect the non-smoking law because it is from the US61. By saying "I'11 do what I did at school", Jean-Michel means that _______.A. he did not smoke when he was a school studentB. he had to smoke in the toilets when he was at schoolC. he olden anticipated revolts when he was at schoolD. smoking was not allowed in the toilets when he was at school62. What is the main idea of tiffs passage?A. It is difficult to establish new laws in France.B. How the non-smoking law was established?C. Non-smoking law is another American trend.D. France finally accepts smoking ban.Passage ThreeIt is the world's fourth-most-important food crop, after maize, wheat and rice. It provides more calories, more quickly, using less land and in a wider range of climates than any other plant. It is, of course, the potato.The United Nations has declared 2008 the International Year of the Potato. It hopes that greater awareness of the merits of potatoes will contribute to the achievement of its Millennium Development Goals, by helping to reduce poverty and promote economic development. It is always the international year of this or month of that. But the potato's unusual history means it is well worth celebrating.Unlikely though it seems, the potato promoted economic development by supporting the Industrial Revolution in England in the 19th century. It provided a cheap source of calories and was easy to cultivate, so it liberated workers from the land. Potatoes became popular in the north of England, as people there specialized in livestock farming and domestic industry, while farmers in the south concentrated on wheat production. By a happy accident, the concentrated industrial activity in the regions where coal was readily available, and a potato-driven population boom provided ample workers for the new factories. Friedrich Engels even declared that the potato was the equal of iron for its "historically revolutionary role".In the form of French fries, served alongside burgers and Coca-Cola, potatoes are now a symbol of globalization. This is quite a change given the skepticism which first greeted them on their arrival in the Old World in the 16th century. They were variously thought to be fit only for animals, to be associated with the devil or to be poisonous. They took hold in 18th-century Europe only when war and famine meant there was nothing else to eat; people then realized just how useful and reliable they were. As Adam Smith, one of the potato's many admirers, observed at the time, "The very general use which is made of potatoes in these kingdoms as food for man is a convincing proof that the prejudices of a nation, with regard to diet, however deeply rooted, are by no means unconquerable." Mashed, fried, boiled and roast, a humble potato changed the world, and people everywhere should celebrate it.63. By making 2008 the Year of the Potato, the United Nations hopes that the potato could ________.A. enrich people's daily food supplyB. be used to replace other food cropsC. help deal with environmental issuesD. he a solution to some economic problems64. Paragraph 3 mainly describes _________.A. why the potato became popular in the north of EnglandB. why the potato was important in England's population growthC. how the potato contributed to England's industrial developmentD. how the potato helped improve England's working conditions65. Friedrich Engels's words show that he ________.A. thought highly of the potatoB. took the potato too seriouslyC. underestimated the role of the potatoD. lacked the basic knowledge of the potato66. Europeans began to eat potatoes in the 18th century because _________.A. there was a serious food shortageB. they realized that potatoes tasted goodC. food safety had been greatly improvedD. eating potatoes had become fashionable67. What Adam Smith said could be used to demonstrate the potato's _________.A. general useB. main featuresC. success storyD. bright future68. The best title for the passage is __________.A. 2008-- the Potato's New MissionB. In Praise of the PotatoC. The History of the PotatoD. The Potato and GlobalizationPassage FourYou need a new vacuum cleaner. Several are on display—different features—but there are no clerks to be found. Finally a guy in a store vest slips past. You begin to ask questions, but he knows even less about vacuum cleaners than you do.Robert Odom, shopping at the Southcenter Mall near Seat tle, finds “it’s harder to get waited on now. many stores have one person covering a tremendous area. You’ve got to go looking to find a clerk.”Retailing is big business in the United States. Every day, billions of transactions take place in the na tion’s 1.4 million stores. Inventive technology speeds a staggering $2.5-trillion-a-year flow of purchases. But why do those bad encounters with salespeople continue to bother us so?When Yankelovich Partners asked 2500 shoppers what was "most important to you regarding customer service," people ranked courtesy, knowledgeability and friendliness at the top. Almost two out of three said that salespeople "don't care much about me or my needs.”The American Customer Satisfaction Index, developed in 1994 at the University of Michigan's National Quality Research Center, shows customer satisfaction declining about a point a year. Retailers now average a less-than-satisfactory 71 out of 100. Even top performers have slipped.What happened? John Goodman, president of Technical Assistance Research Programs, a customer-service consulting firm, told us, "To cut costs, many retailers made the mistake of trimming staff to the bone with obvious consequences."How good is the help once you find it? Carol Cherry, founder of Shop'n Chek, which monitors customer service for retailers and other clients, says, "One of the biggest problems we encounter is unknowledgeable and untrained salespeople." Bruce V an Kleeck, a vice president of the National Retail Federation, says, "We're not training as much as we used to," and urges more ongoing training for veteran salespeople.The sad fact is, stores can get away with poor customer service because customers let them. Customer-service expert John Goodman estimates that about half of customers continue to do business withfirms they feel have mistreated them. This is "behavioral loyalty," explains Jeff Ellis of Maritz Marketing Research Inc. "We may bad-mouth a store after a bad experience, but we go back because it's close to our house or carries items we like."69. The example in paragraph 1 shows that the salesman needs improvement on___________.A. knowledgeB. politenessC. friendlinessD. communication70. According to the American Customer Satisfaction Index,_______________.A. customer satisfaction with retailers remains constantly lowB. customer satisfaction with even the best retailers is droppingC. customers complain most about the quality of the salespeopleD. customers put too high a demand on service these days71. What may be the "obvious consequences" mentioned in paragraph 6?A. The customers are not willing to buy from the retailers.B. The customers cannot get the help they need.C. The salespeople are not satisfied with their working condition.D. The salespeople do not receive enough training.72. Carol Cherry points out that the most serious problem is that ______________.A. the quality of the salespeople cannot be guaranteedB. the retailers do not care as much about training as they used toC. the salespeople do not fully understand the benefits of trainingD. the retailers cannot afford basic training for its employees73. Which of the following examples can demonstrate the "behavioral loyalty"?A. Customers frequent the store providing satisfactory service.B. Customers refuse to buy in the store after a bad experience there.C. Customers go to the store with good items no matter where it is.D. Customers keep visiting the store that has treated them badly.74. The passage mainly discusses_______________.A. how we can get good customer serviceB. why retailers should improve customer serviceC. why there is poor customer serviceD. what kind of customer service we needPassage FiveIn terms of lives lost and property destroyed, the Civil War was the most terrible armed conflict Americans have ever known, but that has not prevented them from remembering it with enduring fondness. The Civil War remains the most written-about period in American history, and it provides boundless entertainment in the United States and around the world. Instead of an object lesson in the dangers of political polarization, racial inequality, and human cruelty, fans consider their favorite war an exercise in nobility--a bloodbath that somehow forged the unbreakable bonds of American national identity.Most Civil War historians were reared in this romantic tradition, and they have yet to fully free themselves from it. They still view the struggle through rose-colored glasses, making excuses for flawed heroes who have the reputations they never deserved. With the publication of While in the Hands of the Enemy: Military prisons of the Civil War, Charles W. Sanders has distinguished himself as one of the few scholars capable of addressing the Civil War with utter frankness. His brilliantly researched book is a ringing accusation of the prisoner-of-war (POW) systems maintained by both sides of that war, as well as the politicians and soldiers who deliberately sent thousands of men to needless suffering and death. There are noheroes in this study, just too many unnecessary victims.Sanders sets his study in context by first tracing the evolution of POW policy during the American Revolution, War of 1812, and Mexican War. Americans knew that POWs were vulnerable to mistreatment, and the quickest way to improve their lot was to negotiate exchanges with the enemy. At the outset of the Civil War, neither side was prepared to cope with the many prisoners-of-war their armies captured, and prisoners inevitably suffered from inadequate housing, food, medical care, and other necessities. Abraham Lincoln delayed the implementation of general exchanges until July 1862 for fear it would allow rebellious southerners to claim actual recognition of the Southern sovereignty. Once implemented, the exchange system quickly emptied prisons in the North and South, but it began breaking down by the end of the year.75. Americans generally remember the Civil War with _______.A. sadnessB. suspicionC. horrorD. affection76. Most Civil War historians would agree that the Civil War may have _________.A. raised the awareness of the race issueB. weakened American national identityC. strengthened American national identityD. taught a useful lesson about human nature77. Civil War historians usually believe that "flawed heroes" ___________.A. ought to be criticizedB. could be forgivenC. should be studied furtherD. should be evaluated objectively78. According to Charles W. Sanders, the Civil War _______________.A. brought pointless miseryB. created various heroesC. started the first POW systemD. was brutal but inevitable79. At the beginning of the Civil War, ____________ .A. the POW exchanges were frequentB. the number of the POWs was smallC. the POWs were in difficult situationsD. both sides used the POWs for political purposes80. What does the passage say about the POW exchange during the Civil War?A. It should have started earlier.B. It lasted for many years.C. It became a successful model for later time.D. It raised the public awareness of the POW problem.PAPER TWOPART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes. 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)Unlike the real world, where personalities are complex, motives unclear, and outcomes ambiguous, television presents a world of clarity and simplicity. In show after show, rewards and punishments follow quickly and logically. Crises are resolved, problems are solved, and justice always triumphs. The central characters in these dramas are clearly defined: dedicated or corrupt; selfless or ambitious; efficient or sentimental. To insure the widest acceptability and tell a story entertainingly, the plot lines follow the mostcommonly accepted notions of morality and justice, whether or not those notions bear much resemblance to reality. The long list of commercials between parts of the play sometimes drives you crazy.Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)中国一直有重视教育的传统，尤其是儿童的教育。
中国科学院大学2011年6月研究生入学英语学位考试真题及答案详解
AGENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS(GETJun2511)PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 1 point each)1. A. Go shopping.B. Go car racing.C. Go to work.D. Go on a trip.2. A. Because she hasn‘t been on line lately.B. Because she has too much work to do.C. Because she is on a vacation.D. Because she has been busy typing.3. A. Go to an emergency exit.B. Enjoy herself in the park.C. Move her van right away.D. Try to find the road sign.4. A. A secretary.B. A salesperson.C. A tennis player.D. A receptionist.5. A. She deserves the promotion.B. She has to transfer to another job site.C. She‘ll pay for the dinner this time.D. She‘ll invite her parents over for a celebration.6. A. She should drop the biochemistry class.B. She should try harder.C. He prefers to learn rocket science.D. He can‘t understand it either.7. A. She totally dislikes it. B. She prefers the old one.C. It may lack practical value.D. It is much better than expected.8. A. 7: 00. B. 7: 30.C. 9: 00.D. 9:30.9. A. She was told about the trip beforehand.B. She was helped to pick up the beans.C. She was so excited that she revealed the news.D. She was not enthusiastic about the trip.Section B (1 point each)Directions:In this section you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After eachquestion, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single baracross the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Mini-talk One10. A. High expectations.B. Excellence and value.C. Terror and violence.D. Strength and power.11. A. Attend a sleepover.B. Play a piece of music.C. Watch TV.D. Be in a school play.12. A. Her parenting methods are limited to Chinese families.B. She brought up her daughters with an extreme parenting method.C. Her daughters were given enough time to follow their own interests.D. She had low expectations of her children‘s abilities.Mini-talk Two13. A. 650 million dollars.B. 560 million dollars.C. 40 million dollars.D. 50 million dollars.14. A. Saint Paul.B. Chapel of Love.C. The Nickelodeon Universe.D. Underwater Adventures.15. A. Tasting the delicious food.B. Getting married.C. Visiting a campus.D. Seeing ocean animals.Section C (1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording you areasked to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds toread the notes below.(请在录音结束后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)16. The first tip on how to reduce your test stress is to use a little stress _______ (3 words).17. Good study (3 words) are important to learning effectively and doing well ontests.18. If you find yourself thinking negative thoughts, replace them with (2 words).19.Everyone makes mistakes. Learning to tolerate small ( 3 words) is a valuableskill.20. Taking care of your health can help keep your mind (4 words).PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points )Section A (0.5 point each)21. There used to be many guys who asserted themselves as all-powerful Chi Kung masters in China.A. conformedB. informedC. affirmedD. performed22. Children from an obscure family have to make greater efforts to climb the social ladder.A. unknownB. prominentC. controversialD. rural23. A permanent job plus a decent salary is what most of these young guys in China hope for.A. nobleB. adequateC. modestD. polite24. These transit workers went on strike in defiance of the relevant union policy.A. in line withB. in return forC. in response toD. in spite of25. This retired scientist takes on leadership roles with nearly every organization she is part of.A. assumesB. opposesC. pretendsD. desires26. Winslow Homer captured the look and spirit of American life with unparalleled eloquence.A. incredibleB. inevitableC. unmatchedD. unnoticed27. Many parents encounter occasions when their child doesn‘t turn in their homework assignments.A. participate inB. hand inC. engage inD. invest in28. The two elements of success that are intimately connected are creativity and innovation.A. familiarlyB. approximatelyC. looselyD. closely29. Jonathan Alter once said that admission of guilt tends to breed public sympathy.A. produceB. concealC. evadeD. combat30. Seawater near the Fukushima plant is showing elevated levels of radioactivity in Japan.A. stabilizedB. reducedC. increasedD. saturatedSection B (0.5 point each)31. The full impact of the recent tsunami caused by an earthquake in Japan is _______ to predict.A. unlikelyB. impossibleC. unableD. incapable32. A simple blood test may help identify those _______ high risk of dying from heart disease.A. inB. onC. atD. for33. Although US new home sales begin to _______ speed, the rate is still near historical lows.A. turn upB. pick upC. set upD. break up34. It was already dark _______ I got up from my seat and prepared to leave my office.A. by the timeB. since the timeC. until the timeD. during the time35. Health care providers wish to improve their _______ through regular continuing education.A. equivalenceB. competenceC. relevanceD. prevalence36. Auto makers should never _______the quality of products amid fierce competition.A. bring into playB. make sense ofC. lose sight ofD. end up with37. Mayor Pat Patterson said this new initiative _______ improving parking and pedestrian access.A. involvesB. evolvesC. dissolvesD. resolves38. Many of the foreign friends of the Chinese are _______ at the radical changes in China.A. dismayedB. amazedC. startledD. shocked39. These researchers intend to _______ this research until there is some substantial finding.A. insist onB. call onC. live onD. carry on40. Men and women of all ages can benefit from _______ amounts of daily physical exercise.A. considerateB. desperateC. moderateD. literatePART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)What relationship is regarded as good for partners? There is no universal, ideal model ___41___ which a relationship can be evaluated. A ―good relationship‖ is one that works for both partners and effectively supports them in achieving their goals. If this is not working at some point, it does not ___42___ mean that the couple requires therapy. All relationships tend to encounter problems during ___43___ periods and at different stages, and many couples have a good ability ___44___ their difficulties without professional help. However, some may find that they are continually unhappy with their relationship. Sometimes one partner feels frustrated and misunderstood ___45___ his or her mate is totally unaware of the situation.If the couple are unable to resolve issues in a ___46___ that is acceptable to both partners, professional help should be considered. Many couples only consider therapy as a last ___47___. It may, however, be helpful at any time. ___48___, seeking therapy soon after things get ―stuck‖prevents a ___49___ of frustration and disappointment. The aim of couple therapy is not only to help the couple deal appropriately with immediate problems, but also to achieve better ways of relating ___50___.41. A. to B. against C. for D. at42. A. certainly B. definitely C. necessarily D. fundamentally43. A. fictional B. peaceful C. eventual D. stressful44. A. of solving B. to solving C. in solving D. to solve45. A. while B. so C. unless D. where46. A. respect B. manner C. method D. view47. A. resort B. creature C. meal D. beginning48. A. On the contrary B. On one hand C. For example D. First of all49. A. laptop B. jetlag C. takeoff D. buildup50. A. in detail B. in general C. in vain D. in forcePART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneRemember Farid Seif? Mr Seif is the Houston Iranian-American businessman who mistakenly carried a Glock handgun through security, onto a plane, all the way from Houston to Indianapolis. When he got to his destination and realized his mistake, he alerted security officials. There was reportedly ―nothing else‖ in Mr Seif‘s carry-on besides the weapon. Yet the security screeners at George Bush International, America‘s eighth-busiest airport, missed it entirely. The scariest part of that story was that Transportation Security Administration officials told reporters that this type of incident was ―not uncommon.‖Now another Texas airport, Dallas-Fort Worth, is proving the point. This week, a high-level TSA source told the local NBC affiliate that ―An undercover TSA agent was able to get through security at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport with a handgun during testing of the enhanced-imaging body scanners.‖The TSA insider who blew the whistle on the test also said that none of the TSA agents who failed to spot the gun on the scanned image were disciplined. The source said the agents continue to work the body scanners today.This is not confidence-inspiring. If TSA screeners can‘t even stop guns getting through security, why are they taking away our bottled water? Incidents like this only lend incentives to TSA critics who say the whole airport security apparatus is an enormous waste of time and money. The TSA‘s attitude towards the reporting of these sorts of messes isn‘t helpful, either. They only provided NBC with a brief statement claiming that they don‘t reveal the results of secret testing for ―security reasons‖and arguing that ―advanced imaging technology is an effective tool to detect both metallic and nonmetallic items hidden on passengers.‖ That‘s pretty much the public affairs equivalent of sticking their fingers in their ears and saying ―lalalalala we can‘t hear you!‖It is really hard to have an accountable TSA without greater transparency about the results ofsecret testing. Instead of leaking hints to the press that failure rates have decreased since the last public reports, the TSA should back up its whispering with actual data. If it won‘t, some enterprising congressional committee should order it. ―Trust us that this works‖ just isn‘t cutting it anymore.51. Mr. Seif‘s handgun ________.A. passed the check at the Houston airportB. caused big trouble for himself in HoustonC. was tracked down by officials in IndianapolisD. triggered a series of false alarms in Indianapolis52. What happened at Dallas-Fort Worth ________.A. helped rebuild public confidenceB. was merely an unusual accidentC. caused greater concern over securityD. resulted in unexpected disorder53. After the Dallas-Fort Worth report, TSA ________.A. reluctantly punished the relevant agentsB. allowed the relevant agents to stay in positionC. enhanced security check at relevant airportsD. began to reconsider relevant security methods54. The TSA‘s statement concerning the reported cases shows that they are ________.A. practicalB. uncooperativeC. reliableD. unpredictable55. What is the author‘s demand for TSA?A. No more secret testing.B. Promising to be responsible.C. Rapid response to emergency.D. Releasing results with evidence.56. The last sentence of the passage suggests that the author‘s attitude to the TSA is ________.A. appreciativeB. criticalC. tolerantD. indifferentPassage TwoOnce upon a time, staying a healthy weight was easy. To lose weight you simply had to practise the reverse of home economics—spend more than you earned. Unfortunately for many,but perhaps not surprisingly, it turns out that people are rather more complicated than bank accounts.To stay a healthy weight, you need a hormone called leptin to work properly. It sends ―I‘m full‖ messages from the fat cells up to the brain, where they go, among other places, to the same pleasure centers that respond to drugs like cocaine. Obese people produce plenty of leptin, but the brain doesn‘t seem to respond to it properly. Last year, researchers at the Oregon Research Institute scanned the brains of overweight people and found their reward circuits were underactive. They were eating more to try to get the enjoyment they were missing.There‘s a lot of evidence for the fact that most, if not all, of us have a set point around which our weight can vary by about seven to nine kilos, but anything beyond that is a real struggle. Making changes is hard, particularly if your body is working against you. So why not ditch the traditional approaches and try some new methods, based on the latest research, that work with your body rather than against it.Several years ago researchers at the National Institute on Aging in Baltimore reported that when they gave rats very little food one day and allowed them to eat plenty the next, they showed virtually all the benefits of a permanent calorie restriction diet. The same goes for humans, according to Dr James Johnson.How does it work? Besides forcing the body to burn fat, it may also trigger hormonal changes. Most people say that the diet takes a bit of getting used to, but is not as grinding as trying to cut back on an everyday basis.Older dieters may remember something called brown fat. Unlike the undesirable white stuff, this was a dieter‘s dream. Instead of storing excess energy as fat, brown-fat tissue burned it off to keep you warm—at least in mice. Brown fat fell out of favor because researchers couldn‘t find much in humans but now, thanks to the New England Journal of Medicine, it‘s back in fashion. The idea is to expose people to cold temperatures. They then make more brown fat and their weight drops.57. The last sentence in Paragraph 1 means that people‘s understanding of losing weight ________.A. seems rather unreasonableB. is unnecessarily complicatedC. used to be limitedD. can be partly justified58. According to the findings of the Oregon Research Institute, ________.A. overweight people get less pleasure from eating the same amountB. overweight people enjoy eating more than the others doC. people will become overweight if they eat more than they needD. people are more likely to be overweight if they produce less leptin59. The method used by the National Institute on Aging can be summarized as ―________‖.A. no diet at allB. diet on a daily basisC. diet every other dayD. diet permanently60. The word ―grinding‖ in the Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ________.A. effectiveB. realisticC. unreliableD. miserable61. It can be learned that brown fat ________.A. converts excess energy into fatB. works better in warm temperaturesC. burns extra energy to produce heatD. accumulates easily in human bodies62. The author‘s purpose in writing is to ________.A. compare the various ways of cutting caloriesB. recommend new methods of losing weightC. point out the misconceptions of losing weightD. clarify the common myth about weight lossPassage ThreeA study by Dr David Lewis from The University of Sussex, who coined the term ―road rage‖, found that motorists face a hidden mental health impact from the stresses of driving, while bus travel can produce long-term health benefits.For the experiment, the heart rate and EDR (Electro-Dermal Response) of 30 commuters was measured when taking similar journeys by car and bus. The findings reveal a vast difference in EDR, a form of biophysical measurement that indicates mental stress. The EDR results suggested that taking the car produced significantly more stress than taking the bus, which was 33% less stressful.―EDR can be a hidden stress - it‘s not as visible as intensely nervous driving or audible as road rage. This type of stress can have long-term physiological and emotional implications,‖ said Dr Lewis, who finds three key factors that increase the stresses of driving a car.Driving in heavy traffic - especially against a deadline - requires a high level of attention. This requires the brain to work especially hard processing a myriad of incoming information and making, often split-second, decisions.Congestion and delays can raise blood pressure and physical tension which may manifest itself as ‗road rage‘, having serious long-term health consequences and causing drivers sometimes to take reckless and foolish decisions. Driving in congested traffic now outweighs any previous benefits car-driving once gave.A sense of frustration of ‗wasting one‘s life‘behind the wheel of the car, unable to doanything more productive than casual conversations or listening to the radio. On a bus it is possible to fill the time more profitably by doing some work or reading.He also notes that highly trained, professional bus drivers are skilled in negotiating the challenges of the road, and the relief of trusting someone else to be in charge of the journey is a key part of what makes taking the bus less stressful.He encourages people to get out of their cars and on to the bus for trips where it makes sense - such as shopping in town or heading to a restaurant – so that you don‘t need to battle traffic or find parking. Switching simple journeys can help achieve the goal of taking a billion car journeys off the road. All it will take is everyone shifting around a trip a month.63. The finding of the study mentioned in this passage is that _______.A. cars cause more traffic accidents than busesB. driving a car is more stressful than taking a busC. high blood pressure is harmful to human healthD. car driving is accompanied by many distractions64. The term ―road rage‖ probably refers to ________.A. the sudden heart attack that drivers suffer fromB. the explosive outbursts of anger shown by motoristsC. traffic accidents arising from bad-tempered driversD. the panic caused by traffic congestions65. All of the following are considered a source of stress during car driving EXCEPT _______.A. heavy trafficB. traffic jamsC. unfamiliar roadsD. a sense of waste of time66. One of the advantages of a bus ride is that _______.A. you can do something productive on the roadB. there is no fear of taking the wrong roadC. no passenger suffers from high blood pressureD. you can get to your destination quickly67. This passage is intended to _______.A. urge the public to stop using cars altogetherB. advise people to take a bus instead of a car when possibleC. tell people how to ward off stress while driving a carD. highlight the causes of stress in a city68. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?A. Car driving: a demanding but exciting jobB. Traffic jams: a source of diseases and conflictsC. Road rage: a frequent occurrence on the wayD. Bus travel: one third less stressful than the carPassage FourThe term ―g‖ (general intelligence) represents a measure of overall cognitive ability across a variety of tests. It‘s not the same as IQ but it does tend to correlate. Everyone agrees that ―g‖ tends to run in families. But is this down to genetics or to environmental influences?However, no single gene has yet been conclusively linked to intelligence. Rather it appears to be a case of complex interactions on many levels between many different genes.Identical twins have exactly the same genes, while non-identical twins share about half their genes. Another feature of twins that makes them an ideal choice for studies is that they tend to be raised in pretty much the same environment. If a particular feature is the same in identical twins, but not in non-identical twins, then chances are it‘s mainly genes that are controlling that feature.So what do the twin studies show? Well, first degree relatives tend to have ―g‖ correlation of about 0.4 -0.5. (Perfect correlation is 1; correlation of 0 means that the 2 things in question are totally unrelated). Identical twins have a correlation of 0.85, while for non–identical twins it‘s about 0.6. Which suggests that genes play a very important role, but are not the only factor, since if they were, the correlation between identical twins would be 1.Identical twins reared apart are almost as similar in ―g‖scores as those reared together. Adopted children and their adoptive parents have a ―g‖ correlation of zero, while adopted children and their biological parents tend to have the same correlations as any parent–child pair. So although genes don‘t seem to be the only thing affecting intelligence, their effects seem to be constant and apparently not overridden by environment.Does heritability of intelligence alter over a lifetime? Remarkably, it appears so. ―g‖heritability climbs gradually from 20% in babies to 40% in children, peaking at 60% in adults. Why this should be is still a matter of speculation. It‘s been suggested that as our cognitive abilities become more complex, new genes may come into play that were not needed when brain functions were less sophisticated. Or individuals may be drawn towards environments that fit with their genetic makeup, as time goes by and genetic effects that started out small in childhood build up together during adulthood.69. All of the following statements about ―g‖ are true EXCEPT _______.A. ―g‖ is to some extent inheritedB. ―g‖ correlates with IQC. ―g‖ can be attributed to a single geneD. ―g‖ is a measure of cognitive ability70. Identical twins are chosen as the subjects of the study because _______.A. they have the same genes and live in the same environmentB. they have some genes linked to general intelligenceC. they have the same heritability of intelligenceD. they are alike in everything except for intelligence71. The studies on twins‘ general intelligence show that _______.A. nothing but genes can determine ―g‖B. genes play an important role in ―g‖C. the correlation between identical twins is 1D. identical twins are more intelligent72. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that _______.A. environment plays a more important role in ―g‖ than genesB. an adopted child can become as clever as the step-parentsC. ―g‖ changes with the living environmentD. parenting has less effect on one‘s ―g‖ than genes73. It can be concluded from the passage that _______.A. it is easy to identify what determines our intelligenceB. genes are a more important determinant of ―g‖ than environmentC. identical twins have exactly the same IQD. IQ depends more on environment than on genes74. It seems that heritability of intelligence _______.A. has been clearly explainedB. declines as we grow upC. increases with our ageD. remains unchanged all our lifePassage FiveI was born on the last day of February. I‘ve always felt sorry for February, squeezed between the big months of January (named for the Roman god Janus, keeper of gateways) and March (after Mars, the god of war).The first Roman calendar, legend has it, had 10 months and no February. Beginning at the vernal equinox (春分) with March, it ended with December. In an agricultural society, winter wasof little importance, and thus went undivided.January and February were added about 700 B.C. by the second king of Rome, Numa Pompilius. He made all the months 29 or 31 days, but shortened February, the last month of the year, by giving it only 28.By the time of Julius Caesar, the calendar was three months out of sync with the solar year. This prompted Caesar to announce a new calendar in 46 B.C. Although there is some dispute—some historians say Caesar gave February 29 days—most believe his calendar preserved a 28-day February (with 29 days only in a leap year).Next, it was the church‘s turn. In 1582 Pope Gregory XIII decreed a new calendar in Europe. Many changes were made, but the Pope passed up yet another chance to grant February equality with the other months.It‘s messy, even dangerous, changing how we measure time, but Pope Gregory was hardly the last one to try. The League of Nations received over 150 new calendar designs, and the United Nations has considered more proposals since. Just to name a few, there‘s the 30x11 Calendar (which supersizes December to 35 or 36 days) and the Kluznickian Calendar (which adds the month of Aten, after an Egyptian sun god). Each proposal involves something that supposedly modernizes the calendar.But I have a simpler proposal that won‘t lead to chaos, and will correct the historical injustices against February: move the last day of January and the last day of March into February to make it a normal month with 30 days, and a respectable 31 on leap years. This would not add or subtract a single day from the calendar year.As an added benefit, making the first three months of the year each 30 days would bring them into closer alignment with the lunar cycle. It‘s a great idea. And unlike Julius and Augustus, I won‘t even demand a month named in my honor.75. It is said that in the first Roman calendar, ________.A. all months were equally dividedB. December was the longest monthC. February was the shortest monthD. January and February were merged into one76. The 12-month calendar was first announced by ________.A. Julius CaesarB. Pope Gregory XIIIC. AugustusD. Numa Pompilius77. According to most historians, the new calendar in 46 B.C. ________.A. gave February 29 days for the first timeB. unveiled many mysteries surrounding FebruaryC. followed the tradition on FebruaryD. made February equal with other months78. It is implied in the passage that ________.A. most people today are not interested in changing the calendarB. there is no point in changing the current calendarC. people have been trying to make changes to the calendarD. it is urgent for us to make improvements to the calendar79. The author suggests in the last paragraph that his proposal ________.A. is easy to carry outB. is simpler than the othersC. will trigger little disputeD. makes scientific sense80. The author‘s purpose in writing the passage is to ________.A. emphasize that February should be extendedB. rewrite the history of February in the calendarC. explain why February should be the shortest monthD. compare various proposals to make February longerPAPER TWOPART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)No one is going to spend much time deciding whether to read a printed advertisement or listen to a spoken one. If their attention is not attracted in no time and held firmly for the short amount of time necessary to absorb what is being said, then the advertisement will have failed miserably. The language of advertising, therefore, must be a language of immediate impact and rapid persuasion. It must bring the advertised product into attention, highlight its qualities, clearly outline the reason for buying it, and, preferably, leave a memorable echo of what has been said about the product ringing in the reader‘s or listener‘s mind.Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)有些大学毕业生容易找到工作，他们的特点是学习成绩好，愿意从事低收入的工作。