高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题附答案讲课稿
高三英语专项校公开课阅读理解猜测词义演示文稿
What does a “swab” mostly probably mean?_____ Ａ
A.something soft, small and used in clinics B. something hard, long and used at home C. something thin, wet and like an elbow D. something safe, big and like a toy
第10页，共39页。
Example3
1.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest.
词义：________ 2. Mr. S傲m慢ith的loves to talk, and his wife is similarly
第11页，共39页。
Pracitce3:
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in
the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. (2012全国II)
What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer
高考英语阅读理解猜测词义
高考英语阅读理解猜测词义利用释义法解题在说明文尤其是科技类说明文中，作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语进行解释。
常见的有对该词下定义或后跟同位语、定语从句、冒号、破折号、括号等引出解释说明部分。
通过阅读定义或解释部分，读者便可理解该词或短语的意思。
【考例1】What do the underlined words “Safe！Safe！Safe！” probably mean？A.Be careful！B.Well done！C.No way！Don’t worry！【解析】原文：A few minutes later，when I landed the trick，my friends beat their boards loud，shouting：“Safe！Safe！Safe！” And that’s what mattered—landing tricks，being a good skater.本题可以用释义法解题。
根据画线部分后面的解释“And that’s what mattered—landing tricks，being a good skater.（那才是真正重要的——掌握了滑板的落地技巧，才能成为一名好的滑板玩家。
）”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，由此可以推出本句的“Safe”有赞美之意，故选B项。
【考例2】The expression “added bonus” refers to the fact that electric planes.A. give passengers more pleasant viewsB. bring airlines more financial benefitsC. offer more enjoyable flying experiencesD. cost less in maintenance than traditional ones【解析】原文：There’s also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise，no smell of fuel，just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.“added bonus”后面的that从句是同位语从句，解释说明“added bonus”的内容（坐电动飞机更舒服）。
超实用高考英语复习：阅读理解词义猜测题(重难题型)(解析版)
阅读理解词义猜测题（重难题型）距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
历年来高考试题中的生词量有增无减。
《教学大纲》要求学生“读懂生词率不超过3%的传记、故事、记叙文、科普小品文和有关社会文史知识等不同题材的材料。
”在英语阅读训练和测试中的生词障碍往往会成为学生理解的“绊脚石”，这些“绊脚石”的出现大致分五类：1．旧词新义，考查词汇表中未出现的词义；如：Nearby is the Indianapolis race course, where the nation’s most famous car race is held each year on May 30th.我们学过course的意思是“过程，课程”等，在此显然不符句意。
根据上下文course是汽车赛举行的地方，可推断course在该句是“车道”或“跑道”的意思。
全国高考复习英语阅读理解 专题_ 词义猜测(含答案解析)
全国高考复习英语阅读理解专题词义猜测Passage 7(2012·高考湖北卷)When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on TransportationDays.It goes like this: You can’t take any means of transportation more than once. Wewould start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. We’d take the train intothe city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didn’t like the waythe horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the subway toour closest station, where Mom’s friend was waiting to give us a ride home－our firstcar ride of the day.The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how toget around. She was born to be multimodal( 多方式的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidence－the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels.Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between thetrain and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just light-raillines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one moretool in the toolbox－and often an inadequate one，limiting both your mobility andyour wallet.On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy anew book or toy，but the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough towatch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped meunlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do itmyself：How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? Howdo I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track，what line.whichdirection, where’s the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river?I’m writing this right now on an airplane ，a means we didn’t try on our Transportation Days and ，we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of themall.My flight routed me through Philadelphia.My multimodal mom met me for dinnerin the airport. She took a train to meet me.1．Which was forbidden by Mom on Transportation Days?A．Having a car ride.B．Taking the train twice.C．Buying more than one toy. D．Touringthe historic district.2．According to the writer，what was the greatest benefit of her Transportation Days?A．Building confidence in herself.B．Reducing her use of private cars.C．Developing her sense of direction.D．Giving her knowledge about vehicles.3 ．The underlined word “paralyzed”(in Para. 5) is closest in meaning to“________．”A．displayed B．justifiedC．ignored D．ruined4．Which means of transportation does the writer probably disapprove of?A．Airplane. B．Subway.C．Tram. D．Car.Passage 8(2012·高考新课标卷)Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious.Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees’ nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper－a little bird called a honey guide.The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once ithas their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the_follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is whenthe honey guide takes its share.Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey fromhis beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.1．Why is it difficult to find a wild bees’ nest?A．It’s small in size. B．It’s hidden in trees.C．It’s covered with wax. D．It’s hard to recognize.2．What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A．A bee. B．A bird.C．A honey seeker. D．A beekeeper.3．The honey guide is special in the way________．A．it gets its foodB．it goes to churchC．it sings in the forestD．it reaches into bees’ nests4．What can be the best title for the text?A．Wild Bees B．Wax and HoneyC．Beekeeping in Africa D．HoneyLover’s HelperPassage 7在“我”小时候，每到了交通日妈妈总会带着我和弟弟去旅行一天，途中我们会换乘各种不同的交通工具。
2019高考英语阅读理解---猜测词意【含答案】
高考英语阅读理解猜测词意高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求：阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
需要特别说明的是，考试说明中强调：“阅读部分要求学生读懂选自英语原版书籍、报纸和杂志（含网络版）的关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
文体包括记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等。
” 网络版英语文章也有可能成为阅读理解命题的材料。
1.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced frui t. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy de ssert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fru it and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.2. Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.What d o the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. The more, the better.B. Enough is enough.C. More money, more worries.D. Earn more and spend more.3. There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream”in Paragraph 3 mean?A．A practical idea. B．A vain hope.C．A brilliant plan. D．A selfish desire.4. This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily.The underlined word “hoist”in Paragraph 4 means“________”．A．change B．liftC．repair D．decorate5. Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies,_ one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses. What does the underlined word“tyrannies”in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Countries where their people need help.B．Powerful states with higher civilization.C．Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.D．Governments ruled with absolute power.6. The objects around you are visible because they interact with light .Light typically travels in a straight line.But some materials slow and scatter (散射) light，bouncing it away from its original path.Others absorb light，stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it，so you can see it easily.The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means ________．A．silently B．graduallyC．regularly D．completely7. My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn’t fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model.I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventyfive dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night.Fortunately，I didn’t get any channels showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragra ph 1?_______A．ended all their programsB．provided fewer channelsC．changed to commercialsD．showed allnight movies真题短文读一读A man’s position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.The word “disgrace” means _________ in this text.A. honorB. endangerC. proudD. shameThe ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished.A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.The underlined word “banished” mean_______.A. killed by stoningB. sent awayC. imprisonedD. punished by whippingAlthough he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from acustomer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.The word “jeopardize” means _____ in this text.A. protectB. endangerC. continueD. stopIt was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the 'decline of class' and 'classless society' in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves in particular class;73 percent agreed that class was still a vital part of British society; and 52 percentthought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.42. The word stratification in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.A. varietyB. divisionC. authorityD. qualificationThe link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?A. Quick to reactB. Having a thin edgeC. Clear and definiteD. sudden and rapidIn fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a creature much larger than themselves, attacking in large groups and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth, for more than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one, they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.70. What does the underlined expression "take on" in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Accept.B. Employ.C. Play with.D. Fight against.Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I’ve ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.Boldness means a decision to bite off more than you are sure you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas — even physical strength greater than most of us realize.52. What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?A. Swallow more than you can digest.B. Act slightly above your abilities.C. Develop more mysterious powers.D. Learn to make creative decisions.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christin e Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents. “We now realize how importan t family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when you’re raising children.”27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A. They were unsure of themselves.B. They were eager to raise more children.C. They wanted to live away from their parents.D. They had little respect for their grandparents.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it in the back porch （门廊）. Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I started stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.59. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?A. He missed the good old days.B. He wanted to tell interesting stories.C. He needed it for his milk bottles.D. He planted flowers in it.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But I’m just not creative.”27. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Mistake.B. Drawback.C. Difficulty.D. Burden.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.30. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to ?A. The book.B. An adventure.C. A public place.D. The identification number.He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a weak heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes.Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.63.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 6 refers to the father’s ____.A. weak heartB. taking a shore jobC. failure to return to seaD. injury caused by a torpedo…… Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest （投入）in them. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribution what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline（减弱）until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.73. The underlined wo rd “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “”.A. appointmentB. connectionC. interviewD. agreementThere are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it. What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. A practical idea.B. A vain hope. (白日梦)C. A brilliant plan.D. A selfish desire.“My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 r efers to Welty's _______.A. readersB. partiesC. friendsD. stories高考英语阅读理解猜测词意参考答案1.If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy desse rt, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fru it and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?A. A dessert.B. A drink.C. A container.D. A machine.解析：they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.孩子们喜欢把水果和冷冻的香蕉放到机器的顶部，看着冰激凌出来，因此此处a juicer是机器。
高考英语一轮复习课件：阅读理解猜测词义课件
动物学家
牧羊人
夜班
1. A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.2. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals.3. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 65,000 yuan a year.4. We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.Conclusion:定义或释义关系常由:①由________从句，或由②__________________________________等词汇或③________号来表示。或由④__________________________________________________引出一些具体的解释性的短语放在生词后做它的同位语，用逗号隔开，构成同位关系。
____________________________
____________
Technique1定义/释义
Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.
神秘地
变化形式，不同版本
限制
悲惨
找后缀，猜测词义
_____
_____
黑暗
沉闷
_____
_____
_____
高考英语阅读理解——词意猜测题解题技巧攻略学习课件
What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean? C
A. Tested B. Separated C. Forced out D. Tracked down
12
eg4…all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. (2018▪全国卷Ⅰ▪C)
●指代派：The word “...” refers to ...
7
2. 解题步骤
定位线索 推测词义 选择
8
3. 词义类解题方法
1. 上下文
指代关系、定义或释义、同位关系、逻辑关系、上下文 信息、同义或反义关系 、举例
2. 构词法（转化；合成；派生）
9
高考真题赏析
eg1. Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues
make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
高三高考英语阅读理解技巧之词义猜测题ppt课件
The underlined word “banished” mean_______.
A. killed by stoning B. sent away C. imprisoned D. punished by whipping
.
37
What skills have we learnt?
.
39
1.根据 构词法：前缀、后缀来猜测词
synonym 近义词
.
资金
11
解题技巧二：
通过对比和比较找出 同义词、 反义词 (synonym) (antonym) 来猜测词义
.
12
表示对比关系的词汇和短语:
unlike，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast 和similarly ， just as，also等。
英语阅读理解技巧之 词义猜测题
（word-guessing）
.
1
Lead-in(导入)
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
1）The underlined word / phrase in the passage means ____．
2）The word "it / them"in the first paragraph refers to ____．
.
19
Challenge yourself !
1）The lack of movement
caused the muscles to weaken.
Sometimes the weakness was
permanent. So the player
could never play the sport
2025届高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题解题策略及真题练习+课件
3. Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate.
A. pretty
B. passive C. protective D. energetic
Practice 根据上下文语境推断词义。
4. At first, Gao was a hardworking and honest man who sells fish to make a
1. Mr.Green loves to talk,and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
adj.健谈的
同义或近义 synonym or near-synonym
利用上下文中出现的同义或近义的单词或短语推知划线词的 意 思 。 常 见 信 号 词 (clues) ： and, or, also, as...as, just as, similarly等
原因：because，as，since(因为)，for(因为) 结果：so，thus，as a result , therefore, so that …
8.The museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibitions in one day. adj. 大的
利用对比或转折的信号词，然后根据反义词线索猜测词义。 常见信号词/词组有：but, yet(然而), despite(尽管), however, while(但是), unfortunately(不幸地), on the other hand, on the contrary(相反), in contrast, instead of, rather than, not as…as, not the same as…等
2024 高考英语复习 阅读理解——词义猜测题 课件
根据线索确定词义的方法
2. 同位法。 They traveled a long way and at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即＂城堡＂。 We are on the night shift—from midnight to 8 a.m.—this week. 两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是＂夜班＂的意思。
ONE
Байду номын сангаас
二、据同位关系进行猜测
据同位关系进行猜测
阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行 解释，因此可利用同位关系对前面的词义或句意进行猜测。
ONE
三、据因果关系进行猜测
据因果关系进行猜测
在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。
例子
If you have a_juicer,_you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “softserve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children's party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
高考英语阅读理解-猜测词义课件(共31张PPT)
(adj. 易碎的, 脆的)
The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.
(adj. 巨大的;极大的)
4. Cause Effect 因果法：从原因推 测结果，从结果推测原因。
One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing.
(adj. 贫穷的,穷困的)
That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.
(adj. 大的)
5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例 猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as等 。
Today young couples often spend lots of
their money on appliances, for instance,
逗号后的or water给出了irrigate的准确含义，即“灌溉” 的意思。
washing machines, refrigerators and
color televisions.
(n. 电器用具)
• 方法6：
Using word formation
（构词法）
6. Guessing the meaning
unbelievable
prefix (前缀）
【公开课课件】高考英语二轮专题复习之阅读理解猜测词义精选全文
disagree
2.(福建卷)If you're tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored，you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that'll keep
your workout on track. Q:The underlined word “upbeat” in the second paragraph probably
Statistics on the type of guessing meanings of words
Year
2019
2018
2017
全国卷Ⅰ 1(单词stumbles的含义)
1(单词 dominant的 2(代词that的含义； 短语the
含义)
water catcher的含义)
全国卷Ⅱ
2(代词I的含义；短语tug at 1(短语a juicer的含
large
[典例] (2019·北京卷 )Phytoplankton(浮游植物) lives at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. ...But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow...
2024届高考英语阅读理解专项技巧-词义猜测+课件
技巧1：利用释义法解题
猜猜下列划线词汇的意思： 例1：They described him as a loon, or a mad man. 说明：句中的or是对loon的解释，即loon与a mad man同义，即表示"疯子"。 例2：The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 500 yuan a year. 说明：定语从句 who looks after sheep表明herdsman的词义为"牧人"。
解答： “added bonus”后面的that从句是同位语从句，解释说明“added bonus”的内容（坐电动 飞机更舒服）。“No loud engine noise， no smell of fuel， just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.”一句则进一步解释说明，电动飞机飞行时没有发动机的噪音，没有燃油的气 味，环境安静和谐，这意味着人们能够获得更加愉悦的飞行体验，故选C项。
第17讲 阅读理解词义猜测题(讲义)-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)(解析版)
►第17讲词义猜测题（讲义）【复习目标】明确命题规律和提问方式掌握不同题型的解题方法熟练代词的含义【考情分析】近三年新高考阅读理解词义猜测题细目表【网络构建】命题规律：词义猜测题是高考阅读理解试题中的必考题型, 可以是对一个单词意义的推断，也可以是对一个短语或句子的推断，既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新意，可以考查替代词的内容。
在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语大多超出考纲的范围，需要根据语境进行推测其含义。
平时的训练中应当注意生词和短语的积累，还要掌握构词法，和一定的解题技巧。
题型和考查角度：1.猜测生词或熟词生义。
2.猜测短语的意义。
3.猜测代替词所替代的内容。
4.猜测句意。
命题方式：The phrase“...”in the sentence could be replaced by“”.The word “...”in the paragraph refer to“”.What is the meaning of the underlined word in the.. paragraph?Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase“...”?The word“...”most nearly means“”.The underlined sentence in the... paragraph implies that .解题技巧：1.定位文中画线处上下文。
2.理解上下文，查找提示点，根据背景、上下文等线索推测生词词义。
选项特征：1.根据定义推测词义：有时作者会通过给词汇下定义来帮助读者理解该词的基本含义，如线索词that is, or, namely, in other words, that is to say, to be more exact, to put it another way, which is等。
高考英语二轮复习专题06阅读理解Ⅳ词义猜测题(讲)(含解析)
2021年高考英语二轮复习专题06阅读理解Ⅳ词义猜测题（讲）（含解析）【构建知识体系】2020-2021年全国高考Ⅰ卷本专题考查分布明细统计2020-2021年全国高考Ⅱ卷本专题考查分布明细统计2021-2021年全国高考III卷本专题考查分布明细统计【考纲解读】【剖析全国高考真题】——推测高考命题方向1.【2021·全国I】DA build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find n atural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across andthree feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighti ng the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t ha ve to break down the still every time you need a drink.33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The tube.B. The still.C. The hole.D. The cup.【名师点睛】近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，把握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读明白得、提高同学们的英语语言能力都有专门重要的意义。
高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解3词义猜测题课件
5．利用因果关系来猜测词义 因果关系是一种常见的、行之有效的提供生词词义信息的逻 辑关系。一定的原因会导致一定的结果，某一结果总是由某种或 某些原因引起的。作者在叙述原因的过程中就必然会把词或句子 置于因果关系中。常见的表示因果关系的词汇有since, as, because, for, so, thus, consequently, therefore, hence, due to, result in, result from, as a result, for this reason, accordingly, so that, so... that, such... that等。 6．利用上下文语境，通过对对应结构或平行结构中的同义 词、反义词进行推断来猜测词义。
12/8义 当作者强调的事物之间有区别或对立时往往会运用对比的手 法，即运用有对比关系的词语，例如反义词，也可以暗示生词的 含义。注意这些词语和内容则能帮助判断所需内容。能体现对比 关系的词语主要有but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast to等。标点符号中的分号也可 表示对比。
12/8/2021
[2]This tension between what we feel we can have and what we're seemingly able to have is the niggling (烦人的) suffering，the anxiety we feel. This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up. But we're never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more. The intelligence behind that knowing is us — the real us. It's the part that believes in life and its possibilities. If you drop that，you begin to feel a little “dead” inside because you're dropping “you”．
2024年新高考英语一轮复习专题 21 阅读理解之词义猜测题(含答案解析)
专题21 阅读理解（词义猜测题）1.（2023·广东深圳·高三统考期末）On the outside, 12-year-old Luna seems like your average kid. It's not until you get to know her that you learn that Luna is anything but average.Bom with a heart defect (缺陷)called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion. But when Luna was approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design a shoe for sale across the country, it came as quite a surprise.“This is so incredible. I got to use my art and creativity for something new that I'd never thought I'd be able to design,“ Luna said. She is one of six patients from Boston Children's Hospital ( BCH) who have partnered with Saucony to design their own shoe to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign.“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that's being done at BCH,“ says Chris, Saucony's vice president. “Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their talents with the world. ”Luna's design is fashion. u On the tongue ,they digitalized one of my drawings, and then on bottom it's a really bright pink color, and on the inside ,the sole of the shoe is actually another drawing I did of a sunset,“ she said. "Thinking about kids everywhere around the world wearing my shoe is amazing. It blows my mind.”The income from the shoe sales will benefit the Boston Children's Hospital Cardiac Fitness Program, which encourages kids to “find your possible" through personalized exercise programs tailored for each individual patient's heart condition.“It feels really good to help people and it's really something I can relate to,“ says Luna. “The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is never give up. There are a lot of kids out there with your condition and you're not alone.”1．What can we learn from Chris' words?A．It's unwise to raise money.B．It's optional to seek donations.C．It's wonderful to study art.D．It's necessary to show kids' talents.2．What does Luna mean by “It blows my mind" in paragraph 5?A．I'm overjoyed.B．['m very serious.C．My mind goes blank.D．My mind is racing.3．Which of the following best describes Luna?A．Gifted and determined.B．Generous and serious.C．Grateful and helpful.D．Creative and sensitive.4．What is the text mainly intended to do?A．Tell us a story of a disabled girl.B．Set a good example to the disabled.C．Launch Saucony's new brand shoes.D．Introduce a campaign with kid patients.【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D【分析】这是一篇记叙文。
高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题--附答案教学文案
阅读理解专项突破III词义猜测【命题特点】考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。
【常见考法】1. The underlined word “…”probably means____.2. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to/suggests____.3. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____.4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…”?5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”?6. By saying “…”, we mean_____.7. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for?8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is related to_____.一．通过定义或解释推测语义有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。
这些修饰成分可以帮助我们推断出生词的语义（1）定义句的谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define（下定义）, represent, signify（表示，表明）, constitute（指。
）等。
（2）解释则常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is（to say）, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或解释。
高中英语 阅读理解词义猜测课件 牛津版
2、Comparing
①Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.
②John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.
even when it is
3、因果关系信号词:
because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, so…that, such…that, thus等
4、平行结构
Most women in Ghana— the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old —— work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.
The underlined word “professed” most probably means______.
★A. to pretend sth. as true B. to show
C. acknowledge D. to prove
真题演练三： In the mountains and foothills of Arizona, there
water their fields. 灌溉
⑨A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.
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高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题附答案III词义猜测【命题特点】考查根据上下文推测生词和短语的能力,突出考查对语境的分析和把握的能力。
【常见考法】1. The underlined word “…”probably means____.2. The word “…”used in paragraph “…”refers to/suggests____.3. The phrase “…”in the sentence can be replaced by ____.4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word “…”?5. What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph “…”?6. By saying “…”, we mean_____.7. What do you think of the expression “…”stands for?8. The meaning of word “…”in the passage is relate d to_____.一．通过定义或解释推测语义有些概念性生词出现后，作者会给出它的定义、同位语、修饰性从句或是定语。
这些修饰成分可以帮助我们推断出生词的语义（1）定义句的谓语动词在文中多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define（下定义）, represent, signify（表示，表明）, constitute（指。
）等。
（2）解释则常用as you know, to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is（to say）, in other words, namely 等词语以及同位语和定语从句来提示下文将前面的信息加以重复或解释。
（3）有时作者会用复述的形式来解释语义，而复述部分可以是词、短语或从句。
（4）还有下一些标点符号，如冒号、破折号、括号等都表示后文要继续解释说明前文。
eg. 1. The powerful poison was imperceptible when mixed in liquid, that is, it could not be tasted, seen, or smelled. (无法察觉的，感觉不到的)2. The Greek marriage was monogamous-----men and women were allowed only one spouse（配偶） at a time. （一夫一妻制）Exercises:1. Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.____默剧，哑剧_______2. Anthropology is the scientific study of man. _____人类学______3. We will meet you in the foyer, the entrance hall of the theatre. ____门厅_______4. He began to shave his whiskers, which had grown thick on both cheeks（脸颊）. ___胡须______5. Some computer scientists are developing artificial-intelligence machines that they say will think like people. ____人工智能_______ Test 1 There is no cure（治愈）for Alzheimer’s. But a drug called ARICEPT has been used by millions of people to help their symptoms （症状）.61. What is ARICEPT？（C）A. A medicine to cure Alzheimer’sB. A medicine to delay signs of aging.C. A medicine to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer’s.D. A medicine to cure brain damage.Test 2 Here is The Pines, whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou, wild boar and reindeer with surprising sauces.（1）According to the passage, The Pines is a ______. （D）A. place in which you can see many mobile homesB. mountain where you can get a good view of the valleyC. town which happens to be near the Banff National ParkD. restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food二．利用例证猜测语义某些阅读文章为了证实或说明某一观点，常会举一些例子，而且时时会用一些标志性语言或标点符号来引出，如：括号、破折号、冒号等或诸如for example, for instance, such as, and so on, just as, like, similarity 等连接词或词组。
eg. 1. You may borrow from the library any periodicals: Nature, News Week, Times and The listener. ____期刊_______2. Some artists plan their paintings around geometric forms like squares, circles and triangles.（几何）Exercises:1. Finally the enemy surrendered. They threw down their weapons（武器） and walked out of the home with their hands over their heads.____投降_______2. Apply an antiseptic, such as alcohol（酒精）, on the skin. ____杀菌剂_______3. In the corner there may be a Christmas tree with its branches decorated with shining ornaments such as colored lights and glass balls, and sometimes hung with gifts. ___装饰物________Test The largest player – Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental offersa wide variety of choices –--- deluxe sedans，minivans，station wagons，coaches，Santana sedans are the big favorite.56 The words “deluxe sedans”，“minivans” and “station wagons” used in the text refers to _______. （C）A. cars in the makingB. car rental firmsC. cars for rentD. car makers三．利用反义关系或同义关系推测语义（1）利用反义关系推测语义有些生词的后面往往会出现一个或几个反义词，或者表转折意义的连词，词组等，抓住这些可以帮助我们推断生词语义。
标志词有 although, but, however, whereas（反之）,nevertheless（然而，不过），on the contrary, in contrast（相对）, on the one hand, on the other hand, for one thing, for another, instead（of）, rather than 等。
（2）利用同义关系推测语义通常情况下，英语忌讳实词重复。
避免重复的方法之一是利用同义词或近义词代替。
同义词替换的修饰方法可以为我们推测词义提供明显的语境线索。
标志词有：or, like, similarly等。
. 104 studies, involving 15,000 people is proving that optimism （乐观主义） can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast（相反）, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. ___悲观主义__2. Mr. Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly（相同地）loquacious. ____多话的，唠叨的Exercises:1. Though Tom’s face has been washed qui te clean, his neck remains grubby. ____肮脏的__2. Unlike the United States, where many different nationalities make up the population, Japan’s population is quite homogeneous. _____同种的，相似的______3. Written language tends to be static, while spoken language constantly changes.静态的，稳定的4. He replied（答复） quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted（后悔） having made such a hasty decision. ___匆忙的，轻率的_____5. Although people in many countries consider raw meat a delicacy（美味），we Chinese people seldom eat any meat that is uncooked. ____生的，未加工的___Test 1 The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we knew that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony of dying can make nobody happy.（1）The underlined word “agony” in the last paragraph probably means_____ （C）A. formB. conditionC. painD. sadnessTest 2 The hot-air balloon took off. It was buoyant in the air as a cork（软木塞） in water.（2）The word “buoyant” in this sentence most probably m eans______.(C)A. able to be usedB. able to move from one place to anotherC. able to float or rise to the surfaceD. able to carry anything四．用语境猜测语义（1）利用“小”上下文推测词义，即利用生词附近的内容推断生词词义。