阅读理解中长难句的理解技巧
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阅读理解中长难句的理解技巧
• 技巧一：利用句子成分分析法理解长难单句
• With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence， according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City.
(which is )needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City (介词短语作条件状语)
句意为：根据盐湖城ITA(的结论),这种狗长着 明亮的棕色眼睛,摇动着尾巴，拥有不附加 任何条件的爱心, 因此，这种狗可作为初学 者获取自信心，而且不会妄加评判的忠实 听众。
• 点拨：分析语境逻辑及句子结构可知，that引导宾语从句， 宾语从句的主语又带一个who引导的定语从句，宾语从句 的谓语由三个并列动词构成，分别为are often afraid of， often have，and regard可排成单句，简化如下：
1．(In the opinion of specialists,) some children
• 技巧二：抓句子核心成分，简化长句: 分析长难句的核心成 分，从句子层次入手，先抓主干，再理枝叶。
• 例2：I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates good will between the nations，and that if only the common people of the world could meet one another at football or cricket，they would have no inclination(意向 ) to meet on the battlefield.
• 句意为：人们说体育运动可创造国家之间 的友谊，还说如果各国民众在足球场上交 Байду номын сангаас手，就不愿在战场上互相厮杀。每当我 听到这么说时总是惊愕不已。
• 技巧三：用单句重排法准确理解复合句
• 当复合句中有很多从句叠现时，可以用单句重排法进行 简化。
• 例3：Literacy specialists(读写专家 ) admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group，often have lower selfrespect，and regard reading as a headache.
• 点拨：该句含33个单词，理解难度也很大。分析语 境和句子成分可知，
With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails and unconditional love (with复合结构作原因状语)
needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (过去分词作后置定语修饰listeners) dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners
的孩子不爱在小孩群里高声朗读，他们自尊心很强， 常将读书看成头痛的事。
• 技巧四：用还原法恢复句子原貌
• 追根求源，恢复其本来面貌，是我们准确理解长难 句的好方法。
• 例4：Excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute(垃圾道)?
• 点拨：该句为省略句，可还原为：
• Are you excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute？
• 住在有垃圾道的高楼上就可以不参与回收利用垃圾 吗？
• I am always amazed为主句 ，整个后面部分为时间状语；
• 在时间状语中，分词saying带有两个that引导的宾语从句，与 saying一齐构成分词结构作people的补语；
• 在第二个宾语从句中，又有一个主从复合句，其中they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield为主句， 分句if only...or cricket是条件状语从句。
read below the level of their fellow pupils. 2．They are often afraid of reading aloud in a group. 3．They often have lower selfrespect. 4．They regard reading as a headache. 句意：一些读写专家认为，有些阅读能力低于同龄人
• 技巧一：利用句子成分分析法理解长难单句
• With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence， according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City.
(which is )needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City (介词短语作条件状语)
句意为：根据盐湖城ITA(的结论),这种狗长着 明亮的棕色眼睛,摇动着尾巴，拥有不附加 任何条件的爱心, 因此，这种狗可作为初学 者获取自信心，而且不会妄加评判的忠实 听众。
• 点拨：分析语境逻辑及句子结构可知，that引导宾语从句， 宾语从句的主语又带一个who引导的定语从句，宾语从句 的谓语由三个并列动词构成，分别为are often afraid of， often have，and regard可排成单句，简化如下：
1．(In the opinion of specialists,) some children
• 技巧二：抓句子核心成分，简化长句: 分析长难句的核心成 分，从句子层次入手，先抓主干，再理枝叶。
• 例2：I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates good will between the nations，and that if only the common people of the world could meet one another at football or cricket，they would have no inclination(意向 ) to meet on the battlefield.
• 句意为：人们说体育运动可创造国家之间 的友谊，还说如果各国民众在足球场上交 Байду номын сангаас手，就不愿在战场上互相厮杀。每当我 听到这么说时总是惊愕不已。
• 技巧三：用单句重排法准确理解复合句
• 当复合句中有很多从句叠现时，可以用单句重排法进行 简化。
• 例3：Literacy specialists(读写专家 ) admit that children who read below the level of their fellow pupils are often afraid of reading aloud in a group，often have lower selfrespect，and regard reading as a headache.
• 点拨：该句含33个单词，理解难度也很大。分析语 境和句子成分可知，
With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails and unconditional love (with复合结构作原因状语)
needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence (过去分词作后置定语修饰listeners) dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners
的孩子不爱在小孩群里高声朗读，他们自尊心很强， 常将读书看成头痛的事。
• 技巧四：用还原法恢复句子原貌
• 追根求源，恢复其本来面貌，是我们准确理解长难 句的好方法。
• 例4：Excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute(垃圾道)?
• 点拨：该句为省略句，可还原为：
• Are you excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute？
• 住在有垃圾道的高楼上就可以不参与回收利用垃圾 吗？
• I am always amazed为主句 ，整个后面部分为时间状语；
• 在时间状语中，分词saying带有两个that引导的宾语从句，与 saying一齐构成分词结构作people的补语；
• 在第二个宾语从句中，又有一个主从复合句，其中they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield为主句， 分句if only...or cricket是条件状语从句。
read below the level of their fellow pupils. 2．They are often afraid of reading aloud in a group. 3．They often have lower selfrespect. 4．They regard reading as a headache. 句意：一些读写专家认为，有些阅读能力低于同龄人