大学英语四级考试记笔记
四级大学英语笔记
soldier 士兵 punish sb for sth 为某事而惩罚某人
be accustomed to doing be used to doing 习惯于 to作介词接现代分词
acknowledge 承认 承认、、、的权威 答谢 告知收到 knowledge 知识
第三
acquaint 使认识 使了解 acquaint oneself with sb 认识 了解 熟悉 acquaint sb with sth 使、、、某人了解 把 、、、告知某人
out of mind 心不在焉 out of question 毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能的 毫不可能
lose sight of / out of sight 看不见
be absorbed（吸收 引起、、、的注意 同化） in /concentrate on 全神贯注于、、、 sorb 吸收 draw 吸引 attract 吸引 引起
accomplish 实现 完成 达到 accompany 陪伴 陪同 伴随 为、、、伴奏 company 陪伴 公司
accountancy 会计工作 会计学 accountant 会计人员 会计师
accumulate 积累 堆积 cumul 堆积 acquire the skills 掌握技能
第二
accelerate 使增速 使加速 celer 速度 rate 比 率 等级 速度
accent 口音 腔调 重音 cent词根 百 stick out 坚持 坚定 固守 carry out 坚持 遵循
英语四级知识点笔记
英语四级知识点笔记Diving into the world of English proficiency, the CET-4,or the College English Test-4, is a gateway to showcasingyour linguistic prowess. It's not just about memorizing vocabulary; it's about understanding the nuances of the language. Here's a concise yet comprehensive note on the key points you should have in your arsenal for the English Level4 exam.First and foremost, vocabulary is the cornerstone. Aimfor a solid grasp of approximately 4,500 words, focusing on their usage in various contexts. Next, grammar is theskeleton that holds your language together. Master the tenses, the intricacies of prepositions, and the subtleties of sentence structure. Reading comprehension is where you'll put your vocabulary and grammar to the test. Practice skimmingand scanning to quickly grasp the main ideas and details of a text.Listening comprehension is another beast entirely. It requires you to train your ears to pick up on the pace and pronunciation of native speakers. Regular exposure to English media, such as podcasts, movies, and news broadcasts, can be invaluable. Speaking of speaking, the oral component, though not part of the traditional CET-4, is essential for real-world application. Engage in conversations, practice pronunciation, and don't shy away from making mistakes—they're the stepping stones to fluency.Finally, writing is your chance to demonstrate yourability to construct well-organized, coherent thoughts in English. Focus on essay writing, where you can express your viewpoints clearly and persuasively. Remember, practice makes perfect. Use past papers to familiarize yourself with the exam format and to gauge your progress.In summary, the journey to mastering the English Level 4 exam is a marathon, not a sprint. It requires a blend of knowledge, practice, and perseverance. Equip yourself with the right tools, and you'll be well on your way to acing the test.。
做大学英语四六级考试听力笔记方法
做大学英语四六级考试听力笔记方法一、单词简写我们知道，四六级听力是先听文章，再听题目。
因此，在听文章的过程中，有效的笔记必不可少。
由于时间有限，因此，对考生瞬间记忆的要求很高，这就要求考生在记笔记的过程中合理进行单词简写。
比如，像“government”;“international”;“scientist”等实词，考生对这些词都比较熟悉，它们的音节和拼写都很长，在听力笔记中，可以进行一定的程度的简写，写成“goven-”;“internat-”或“sci-tist”等都可以，具体取决于考生对单词的熟悉度。
因为不管怎样，笔记取代不了我们“听”的过程，考生需要把主要的注意力放在听上，再结合笔记记录一定细节。
二、注意转折处转折处往往会包含重要的信息，这一点在各类考试中想必大家也都有所感触。
那么听力也不例外。
转折处的信息往往会出现在试卷中，那么需要考生对一部分表示转折的时候十分敏感。
通常表示转折的词汇有“but; however; yet; instead; unfortunately; fortunately, indeed; in fact; actually; although; though; while; whereas; nevertheless; nonetheless; in spite of...”等。
我们以2018年12月四级听力中的一道真题为例，来看看转折处的信息在考场中的重要性。
真题示例A1.四级听力原文It’s responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in Heywood. The fire was reported at 9:26 pm at an old shopping center on Michigan Avenue near St. Mary’s Church. Six fire engines, two trucks and two chiefs responded to the scene. Crews had the fire under control in about 45 minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of origin. There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out but there were no reports of any injuries.Question 3: What does the news item say about the fire?2.四级听力参考答案A) It lasted more than six hours.B) No injuries were yet reported.C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.解析：这是一处细节听力，其中，【A】选项属于没有提及的信息，【C】选项属于错误信息，因为原文中有提到“There were some people inside the building when the firebroke out”;【D】选线最具有干扰性，但是选项将“arrived”和原文中的“under control”偷换了。
英语四级笔记(珍藏版)
短对话部分短对话听力的一些原则1．推理原则：一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案。
2．挫折原则：通常要办的事情都是不顺利的（如买东西买不到，订房间客满等）3．男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。
男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。
男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好4．父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学习5．除了父母教育子女外，家里（包括朋友家，阿姨家等等）发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似at home / at Mary’s home之类的选项一般都是不对的。
6．四级听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇得到事情，问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项短对话十大场景及一般思路1．借车：车一般是借不到的2．吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，―派‖一般比较好吃3．考试：作业、论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜教授一般比较严厉选修课较难较多4．坐车（飞机、轮船）：一般都需要等5．事故（灾难）：光明原则，一般不会死人6．听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的7．论文：一般需要修改（polish）或重写（rewrite）8．休闲：男生一般喜欢待在家里看TV或者看moive，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术如theater9．医院：需要预约make an appointment10买票：基本上是买不到的短对话的常见场景1.学校场景课程分类Optional course 选修课Required course 必修课Day course 白天的课Evening course 晚上的课经常出现的科目或专业Chinese 中文English 英语mathematic 数学history 历史chemistry 化学Literature 文学考试Final exam 期终考试middle exam 期中考试make up 补考test测验pop test 事先没有说好的测验quiz 测验oral test 口试考试临近draw on / in sight of / draw nearly考试延期或取消delay / be off / defer / hold up / postpone / put off / suspend学校分类public school 公立学校private school 私立学校religious school 教会学校学校中的人president 校长dean 院长professor 教授lecturer 讲师coordinator 管理员doctor 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士freshman 大一新生sophomore 大二学生junior 大三学生senior 大四学生图书馆借书lend / borrow / check out参考书reference book续借renew过期overdue还书return罚金fineattend / have a lecture 上课cut a class 逃课miss a class 错过了课scholarship 荣誉奖学金assistantship 助教奖学金teaching assistant 助教research assistant 助研semester 学期2.交通运输场景fare 车票licence 驾照rush hours 高峰时间traffic jam 交通堵塞overtake 超车one way street 单行道over speed 超速police officer 交警ticket 罚单fine 罚金fast way / express way / high way 高速公路motor way 机动车道super way 飞机机动车道free way 免费高速公路交通工具（出现频率从高到低）plane / train（女）/ bus / bike（女）/ walk （女）/ taxi（女）：女生比较喜欢tunnel / channel 隧道ring road 环线subway（美）/ underground （英）地铁metro 地道地铁underpass人行地道overhead 轻轨flyover 人行天桥mag – lev 磁悬浮take a taxi 乘出租车call a taxi 招出租车/订出租车catch a train / bus 赶火车/汽车3.电话场景mobile phone 手机pay phone 公用电话telephone box/booth 电话亭yellow page 黄页dial （拨电话号码）/ press （按电话号码）extension 分机operator 总机put~through 接通wrong number / there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/ 没有这个人is not in 不在？be not inhold on 不要挂断，稍等take/leave a message 留言hang up / get off 挂断credit call 记账式电话bill the call into the 3rd party 免费电话collect call 对方付费电话4.机场场景plane / craft 飞机book 订票timetable 时间表destination 目的地open ticketone way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 来回票non-stop / direct flight 直航transfer / lay over / stop over 转机first / business / economy cabin 头等/ 商务/ 经济舱confirm the flight 确认航班check in 登记boarding card 登机牌security check 安检see off 送行送别时的祝语keep in touch 保持联系safe landing 安全着陆board 登机take off 起飞departure 离港safety / sect belt 安全带land 着陆arrival 进港pick up 接机5.公司场景job vacancy有空缺职位letter of application 求职信resume 简历resume包括几部分basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人资料academic background 教育背景work experience 工作经验certificates and honoursinterview 面试offer 聘用信work experience 工作经验work overtime 加班ask for a raise 加钱wage 周薪salary 日薪bonus奖金allowance 津贴annual income 年收入promotion 升职fire 解雇resign 辞职retire 退休laid-off 下岗work / job / career / course 工作post / position / vocation / title 职务假期休息的说法（依次是从大到小）holiday 假日，假期vacation 休假annual leave 年假sick leave 病假rest 休息break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息coffee break away 离开一会公司职位从大到小chairman of the boardpresident -- general manager—manager – department manager—head – officer – specialist（专员）-- clerk6.租房场景live on campus 住校live off campus 住校外for sale 可销售的房子for rent / lease 可出租的房子to let 同上rent 租金utilities 公用事业费location 位置suburb / downtown 市郊/ 市中心condition 住房条件furnished 配家具unfurnished 无装修leaking 漏水blackout 断电environment 环境transportation 交通land lord 房东land lady 房东太太tenant 房客roommate 室友好的室友：neat 整洁的considerate 体贴的，细心的不好的室友：messy / untidy 脏乱的noisy 吵闹的7.医院场景see a doctor 去医院看医生send for a doctor 让医生出诊health center / clinic 卫生所/ 门诊部physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生dentist 牙医make an appointment 预约emergency 急诊check up / exam 检查cold（感冒）—— flu （流感）—— headache （头痛）—— sore throat（嗓子痛）——fever（发烧）——toothache（牙疼）——stomachache （胃疼）prescribe 开药方pill / tablet 药片liquid 喝药水injection => shot 注射operation 手术medical result 诊断结果8.宾馆场景make a reservation 预订房间confirm a reservation 确认预订cancel a reservation 取消预订fully booked / full up / full 客满porter 行旅员tips 小费reception 前台check in 登记入住single room 单人房double room 一张大床的双人房twin room 两张单人床的双人房suite 套房bathroom toilet / w.c closet restroom 厕所room service 客房服务（四级听力中的客房服务一般只有考一种——送餐）lounge 男士用休息区lobby 大堂business center 商务中心salon 美容厅ball 舞厅bar 酒吧night club 夜总会check out 退房9.邮局场景post / send / mail 寄letter / mail 信registered mail 挂号信regular mail 平信airmail 航空信parcel / package 包裹telegram / cable 电报rate 费率overweight 超重postage 邮资email 电子邮件reply 回复forward 转发cc（carbon copy）抄送bcc（blind carbon copy）秘密抄送subject 主题attach 附件attachment10.饭店场景eat out 出去吃take away 外带fast food 快餐book a table 订位子waiter / waitness 服务员waitressmenu 菜单order 点菜appetizer 开胃菜main course 主食dessert 餐后甜点bill 账单service charge 服务费change 找零tips 小费keep the change 不用找零了11．其他closed 关门open 开门office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间关于开关power on / off 开/关turn on / off 开/关switch on / off 开/ 关（这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关）干杯cheerspropose a toast tobottom upthe best book 最好的书圣经the best thing 最好的事情选择the last thing 最不愿意做的事情the last man 最不愿意见的人best seller 畅销的东西sell up 卖完，卖光售罄sell out卖完，卖光售罄/ 出卖朋友或原则sell off 低价处理库存商品selling machine 自动售货机selling point 卖点count the days 渴望count on = dependent / rely on depend oncount in 把……考虑在内count for nothing 一钱不值count for little 无足轻重count for much 举足轻重count down 倒计时count up 相加count up to 共计关于旅行traveljourney 陆上长途旅行trip 陆上短途旅行outing 远足stroll 散步wander 徘徊picnic 野餐camping 野营tour 周游cruise 水上短途旅行voyage 水上长途旅行关于死亡的说法没有感情色彩的：die / end up / meat one’s death / decease褒义的：pass away贬义的：kick the bucket关于和别人相处的好的说法get on with = get along (well) withbe in good term withlive in peace with关于强调point outemphasizelay / put emphasis ongive emphasis to达成协议找到出路find a way outreach an agreementreach a consensus关于―得失‖gains and lossesgive and take关于拜访drop in / at / over / bystop in / over / bycall on sbcall at / round swlook in / uppay a visit topay / make a call to关于碰见，偶遇come acrossrun intobump intohappen to meet关于花钱、花费的词Take SpendCostChargePayBuy关于水waterrunning / tap ~ 自来水fresh ~ 活水still ~ 死水pure ~ 纯净水purified ~ 净化水mineral ~ 矿泉水be used to do 被用于be used to dong 习惯于get used to doing 渐渐习惯于used to do 过去常常单复数意思不太一样的词ruin 毁灭ruins 废墟authority 权威authorities 当局brain 头脑brains 智力，智慧custom 风俗习惯customs 海关damage 破坏，损坏damages 赔偿费ground 地面土地grounds 院子，监狱manner 礼貌方式manners 外貌minute 分钟minutes 会议记录paper 纸张papers 试卷time 时间times 时代关于―调查‖researchsurvey 市场调查opinion poll 名义调查民意调查questionnaire 问卷调查investigation 很正式的调查interview 会见，访谈belong to 属于participate in 参加be engaged in 从事、参加be involved in 卷入消磨时间kill timepass timecount one’s thumbs用完、缺少run out ofbe short ofbe lack in lack of / ina little 一点not a little 很多a bit 一点not a bit 一点也没有短对话中常用单词和句型1.表示期待、希望、渴望做某事的说法expect / hope / wishbe eager / anxious /dying tolook for ward towait / yean / thirst / long forcan not waitcounting the days2.下列词语与―but‖一样含有转折的的意思actuallywellreallyin factas a matter of factto tell you the truth3.表示建议的句型how about……做……如何I heard about……我听说……If I were you ……如果我是你……It seems to me that…… 在我看来似乎……Let’s …… shall we ?让我们……怎么样？Let us …… will you ?让我们……怎么样？Shall I / we ……What about ……做……如何Why don’t you ……你为什么不……Why not + 动词原型为什么不……Would you like ……你要……吗？Wouldn’t …… be better / wiser做……不是更好吗？4.表示同意、附和的句型I agree with youExactlyI couldn’t agree with you more / betterI think soI can’t wait any minuteBelieve it or notI will …… if假如……我就会It’s my turn轮到我了我请客Why not ?You are rightI guess so 我猜也是No problem 没问题Of causeOut of question 毫无疑问So do I / me too 我也是Sure / absolutely / beautiful 当然，很好Good ideaThat sounds really nice 听起来真不错5.表示询问的句型Any questions / any thing wrong 有什么问题吗？Can you give me some ideas 可以给我一些建议吗？Do you know ……Do you want to……Do you find any wrong with 你觉得……有什么不对劲吗？How long will it take 做什么要花多久I am thinking of ……我正在考虑做……I suppose think ……我猜想……What’s your planeplan 你的计划是什么？What happens if ……如果……怎么办？What shall we do 我们该怎么做？6.表示否定的句型Actually / as a matter of fact 事实上……How can you do sth 你怎么可以……I can’t affordany disturbance 不要再烦我I couldn’t agree with youI didn’t men to我本不打算I don’t think soIt doesn’t matter无所谓I wish ……但愿……I’d like to but我很愿意但是……I’d love to butI just can’t bearI am afraid notI am sorry but…… is not everything……不是关键no bother / why bother 不要麻烦no , thanksreallyThat’s his opinionTo tell you the truthWell , as far as I know7.表示―不得不‖have to 表示客观上不得不做某事must 主观上的必须做某事be bound tocannot buthave no choice but8.表示―迟到‖behind timebe delayed / overduebehind schedulebe late9.表示―紧张‖trembleshake all overget one’s tongue tiedhave one’s mind go blanknervous10.以下词组听到后意思取反mean to 想要……planned to 原计划……intended to 原打算……tended toused to 过去常常……11.以下句型要引起重视，重点听取，就算本身不是考点也一定直接引向考点反意疑问句( ……，didn’t y ou ?)反问句倒装句助动词do / did / doesit is …… that / who / when…… 的句型正确答案的特征1．含义肯定的不是正确选项，模糊的是正确选项意思具体的不是正确选项，概括的是正确选项意思详细的不是正确选项，抽象的是正确选项意思肤浅的不是正确选项，深刻的是正确选项2．含有一下单词的一般是正确选项neither / either / also / besides / almost / especially / possibly / probably / likely perhaps / might / may / maybe / could /can / all / none3．含有以下三种结构的一般可能是正确选项系表结构（系动词+标语表语）比较结构（……than……）复合句4．含有四级词汇替换项的一般是正确选项5．表示―同意或不同意‖，―喜欢或不喜欢‖，―应该或不应该的‖的一般为正确选项6．以下三种选项一般其中有一个可能是正确选项反意项形似项近似项7．同意项不可能是正确选项，等例排除。
英语四级考试笔记（二）
⼀：过去式：主句从句would/could/should/might+have done had done1.If he hadn’t offered we a ride home,I would have called a taxi.If we had depared earlier,we wouldn’t have missed the bus.2.If it hadn’t been for your help,I wouldn’t habe surived the accident.3.可倒装：（分词可前可后）Had we departed earlier,we…….Had it not been for your help,I…….⼆：现在时：主语从句W./C./S./M.+do did或were1. were⽆⼈称和数的变化If you were my student,you should obey me.If he were my student,he should obey me.2. If you needed my help,Iwould lend you a hand.3. If it were not for your help,I would be homeless now.4. were可倒did 不可倒Were he my student,he……Were it not for your help,I…..If Ihad 10 million yuan,I would buy a new apartment.三：将来时主句从句W./C./S./M.+do should do 或were to do1. were⽆⼈称和数的变化If he should seek employment,he would be hire easily.2．可倒装should it rain tomorrow…….Were it to rain tomorrow……四：动词动词后+从句谓语动词 should+do should 可省建议：suggest,recommend,advise,propose,move,instruct, maintain,prefer请求：ask,beg,require,request打算，愿望：decide,determine,intend,desire,assume命令：arrange,direct,command,order其他：urge,agree,hint,insist,promiseHe urged the library should stay open during summer vocation.He assumed he would be selected chairman of the committee.五：形容词从句谓语动词should +do，should 可省It’s important to acquire professional knowledge and skill.It’s important for us to acquire…..It’s important that we should…..·essential,fundamental,important,vital,necessary,imperative,better,best,appropriate,probable,expedient,natural·desirable,advisable,urgent,preferable·strange,odd,amazing,astonishing,surprising,shocked,pitiful,sorry,ridiculous,absurd,unthinkable,incredible,interesting,annoying1.It’s imperative that we should hold a meeting to settle the problem.2.It’s advisable that another university be set up.3.I’m sorry that he should feel that way.六：名词从句谓语动词should+do ,should可省1.They made a motion that he should compensate for their loss.2.It is of great importance that we should made plans to beautify out city.2.We’re all for your proposal that the discussion.be put off七：连词。
大学英语四级考试重点笔记
6大学英语四级考试写作辅导笔记六类作文行文思路六类作文行文思路1. 现象解释型现象解释型2. 问题解决型问题解决型3. 对比选择型对比选择型4. 观点论证型观点论证型5. 记叙文记叙文6. 应用文应用文现象解释型写作模板---行文思路1 Topic首段（描述图表段）首段（描述图表段）⑴From/According to the chart/graph/table/picture, we clearly learn that 总述现象. ⑵Asearly as 图表中最早的时间，当时的数据. ⑶Then 一段时间一段时间later, 图表中数据的变化/ And (However), by 图表中数据发生显著变化的时间，图表中数据的显著变化.中间段（说明原因段）中间段（说明原因段）⑷ There are many reasons accounting for 现象或变化. / Then why 产生该现象或变化.⑸Firstly ，原因一. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一. ⑺Secondly ，原因二. ⑻ Finally, 原因三. (As a result, 以上原因导致的结果. )结尾段（阐述观点段/说明影响段/说明问题段）说明问题段）⑼As to me/ As far as I am concerned, "我"的态度相关情况或是现象将来的趋势、可能带来的（好或坏的）影响或存在的问题. ⑽For one thing, 理由一/影响一/问题一. ⑾Foranother/In addition/ Besides,理由二/影响二/问题二. ⑿ In brief/ To conclude, 总结全文（经常是提出建议或作出期望.现象解释型写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（描述现象段）首段（描述现象段）⑴From/According to the chart/graph/table/picture, we clearly learn that 总述现象. ⑵现象表现或变化（表现一、二/变化一、二.） ⑶The reason for this phenomenon are varied./ There aremany different factors influencing 该现象或其他情况/说清楚原因.中间段（说明原因/影响段）影响段）⑷Among these reasons/factors, 原因一原因一 plays a critical role. /Undoubtedly, 该现象该现象have brought great (negative) effect on 影响对象. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一/影响一. ⑺ Secondly ，原因二/影响二. ⑻ In addition, 原因三/影响三.结尾段（阐述观点段/说明影响段/说明问题段）说明问题段）⑼No doubt/From my point of view, 对该现象做出总体评价对该现象做出总体评价. ⑽ However,可能存在的问题./ it is worth noting that 应该注意的事项. ⑾ 进一步描述问题或注意事项. ⑿All in all/Therefore, 总结全文.问题解决型写作模板---行文思路行文思路Topic首段（描述问题段）首段（描述问题段）⑴Nowadays/recently/In recent years, 问题问题is becoming more and more of a problem/has become quite a serious problem in /has aroused widespread attention/concern from.⑵问题表现一/原因一/危害性一⑶What's worse/In addition,问题表现二/原因二/危害性二危害性二中间段（说明危害/原因段）原因段）⑷ It is very clear that 该问题该问题 is bringing great harm to 危害对象危害对象/There are many factors resulting in 该问题该问题 / ⑸Above all, 危害一/Among these 原因一原因一plays a vital role.⑹ 进一步说明危害/原因一. ⑺ What's more ，危害二/原因二.结尾段（说明方法段）结尾段（说明方法段）⑻Considering the seriousness of 该问题, it is an urgent thing for us to take effectivemeasures to 解决该问题. ⑼First of all 方法一.⑽进一步阐述方法一/Secondly,方法二.⑾Thirdly/In addition,方法三. ⑿ Only through these ways, can the problem be solved./To conclude,it is everyone's responsibility to take effort to solve the problem.对比选择型写作模板---行文思路1Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴When it comes to 谈论主题, there is no complete agreement among people/differentpeople will offer different ⑵Some people take it for granted/believe 一种观点/选择⑶However,others maintain /prefer 另一种观点另一种观点/选择. 中间段（对比论证段）中间段（对比论证段）⑷ Those people who hold the first opinion/make the former choice believe 观点/选择一的理由一. ⑸ (In addition,) in their eyes, they maintain/point out 观点/选择一的理由二. ⑹ However,still others think differently/ do not agree this. ⑺In their opinions, 观点/选择二的理由一. ⑻Besides, they argue 观点/选择二的理由二.结尾段（总结观点段）结尾段（总结观点段） ⑼Weighing up these two argument/choices/preferences, I prefer/am inclined to theformer/the latter one/"我"的选择.⑽ For one thing,理由一. ⑾ For another/What's more,理由二. ⑿Taking above-mentioned factors into consideration, we/ I may reasonably conclude/suggest 重申观点. / In a word, 提出建议.对比选择型写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴Nowadays/In recent years, 一种现象. ⑵Some people 一些人的看法或做法,while others, 另一些人地看法或做法. ⑶ As to me, I prefer to/ am in favor of the former/latter.中间段（反面论证段）中间段（反面论证段）⑷ Of course, "我"不赞同观点的合理性. ⑸ For example, 支持其合理性的例./进一步阐述其合理性. ⑹ But it doesn't mean/it is worth noting that "我" 不赞同不赞同观点的不足. ⑺From my point of view/In my view, 我的不同观点.结尾段（正面论证段）结尾段（正面论证段）⑻The following reasons can account for/contribute to/support my argument. ⑼ First,理由一. ⑽ A good example to illustrate,支持理由一的例子/进一步说明理由一. ⑾ Second, 理由二.⑿ To conclude/From the foregoing,重申观点.观点论证型写作模板---行文思路行文思路Topic首段（提出观点段）首段（提出观点段）⑴Nowadays still many people believe/For years many people have such thought that 与论点冲突的背景观点或现象.⑵进一步说明背景观点或现象. ⑶However, 论点. ⑷The following reasons can support the argument.中间段（说明危害/原因段）原因段）⑸Undoubtedly, 论据一. ⑹进一步说明论据一. ⑺ Furthermore/Moreover,论据二. ⑻ For example ，支持论据二的事例/进一步说明论据二. ⑼ In addition/ What's more, 论据三.结尾段（总结观点段）结尾段（总结观点段）⑽ All mentioned above tell that 重申观点. ⑾ 进一步阐述论点. ⑿Therefore, we should正确态度或做法.记叙文写作模板---行文思路1Topic首段（描述背景段）首段（描述背景段）⑴背景事件⑴背景事件will come soon, 事件的重要性或意义.⑵There is no more appropriate time than this for 相关人员的态度或行动.⑶So on this special occasion, 我的愿望或打算.中间段（叙述经过段）中间段（叙述经过段）⑷ Now I still remember clearly 主题事件. ⑸Firstly ，原因一. ⑹ 进一步说明原因一.⑺Secondly ，原因二. ⑻ Finally, 原因三. (As a result, 以上原因导致的结果. )结尾段（阐述观点段）结尾段（阐述观点段） ⑼As to me/ As far as I am concerned, “我”的态度相关情况或是现象将来的趋势、可能带来的（好或坏的）影响或存在的问题. ⑽For one thing, 理由一/影响一/问题一. ⑾Foranother/In addition/ Besides,理由二/影响二/问题二. ⑿ In brief/ To conclude, 总结全文（经常是提出建议或作出期望.）记叙文写作模板---行文思路2Topic首段（描述背景段）首段（描述背景段）⑴简要介绍事件发生的时间, I witnessed 总述目击事件.⑵ 事件给人印之处, which isstill vivid in my mind./该事件was so 事件的突出特点that I was left a deep impression.中间段（叙述经过段）中间段（叙述经过段） ⑶It was/happened 事件开始时间，when 当时的情形. ⑷ ( Suddenly, ) 事件的发展一. ⑸ 事件的发展二. ⑹ 事件的发展三. ⑺As a result, 事件的最终结果或影响.结尾段（阐述观点段）结尾段（阐述观点段）⑻ 总述该事件带来的影响/事件产生的原因.⑼For one thing, 影响一/原因一/措施一. ⑽进一步说明影响一/原因一/措施一. ⑾For another, 影响二/原因二/措施二. ⑿Therefore, 总结全文（提出建议或作出期望).Or Such an incident teaches us an important moral, that is “我的感受或得到的启示. 感受一/行动一. Furthermore,感受二/行动二. In conclusion,I do believe that 总结全文。
英语四级考试笔记（四）
359. terminal a. 末端的，极限的 n. 终点360. territory n. 领⼟361. approximate a. ⼤概的，⼤约 v. 近似362. arbitrary a. 随意的，未断的363. architect n. 建筑师364. architecture n. 建筑学365. biology n. ⽣物学366. geography n. 地理（学）367. geology n. 地质学368. geometry n. ⼏何（学）369. arichmetic n. 算术370. algebra n. 代数371. entertainment n. 娱乐；招待，款待372. enthusiasm n. 热情，热⼼373. entry n. 进⼊，⼊⼝处；参赛的⼈（或物）374. enviroment n. 环境375. episode n. 插曲，⽚段376. equation n. ⽅程（式）377. restrain vt. 阻⽌，抑制378. restraint n. 抑制，限制379. resume v. （中断后）重新开始380. severe a. 严重的381. sexual a. 性的382. simplicity n. 简单；朴素383. simplify vt. 简化384. sorrow n. 悲哀，悲痛385. stuff n. 原料，材料 vt. 填进，塞满386. temporary a. 暂时的，临时的387. temptation n. 诱惑，引诱388. terror n. 恐怖389. thrust v. 挤，推，插390. treaty n. 条约，协定391. arise vi. 产⽣，出现，发⽣；起⾝392. arouse vt. 引起，激起；唤醒393. burden n. 重担，负荷394. bureau n. 局，办事处395. marveous a. 奇迹般的，惊⼈的396. massive a. ⼤的，⼤量的，⼤块的397. mature a. 成熟的398. maximum a. 的，的399. minimum a. 最低的，最⼩的400. nonsense n. 胡说，冒失的⾏动401. nuclear a. 核⼦的，核能的402. nucleus n. 核403. retail n./v./ad. 零售404. retain vt. 保留，保持405. restrict vt. 限制，约束406. sponsor n. 发起者，主办者 vt. 发起，主办，资助407. spur n./vt. 刺激，激励408. triumph n. 胜利，成功409. tuition n. 学费410. twist vt. 使缠绕；转动；扭歪411. undergraduate n. ⼤学肄业⽣412. universal a. 普遍的，通⽤的；宇宙的413. universe n. 宇宙414. via prep. 经由，经过，通过415. vibrate v. 振动，摇摆416. virus n. 病毒417. voluntary a. ⾃愿的418. volunteer n. 志愿者 v. ⾃愿（做）419. vote v. 选举 n. 选票420. wagon n. 四轮马车，铁路货车421. appoint vt. 任命，委派422. approach v. 靠近，接近 n. 途径，⽅式423. appropriate a. 适当的424. bunch n. 群，伙；束，串425. bundle n. 捆，包，束 vt. 收集，归拢426. ceremony n. 典礼，仪式427. chaos n. 混乱，紊乱428. discount n. （价格）折扣429. display n./vt. 陈列，展览430. equivalent a. 相等的 a. 相等物431. erect a. 竖直的 v. 建造，竖⽴432. fax n./vt. 传真433. ferfile a. 肥沃的；多产的434. fertilizer n. 肥料435. grateful a. 感激的436. gratitude n. 感激437. horror n. 恐怖438. horrible a. 可怕的439. Internet n. 国际互联，因特440. interpret v. 翻译，解释441. interpretation n. 解释，说明442. jungle n. 丛林，密林443. knot n. 结 vt. 把...打成结444. leak v. 漏，渗出445. lean vi. 倾斜，倚，靠446. leap vi. 跳跃447. modify vt. 修改448. nylon n. 尼龙449. onion n. 洋葱450. powder n. 粉末451. applicable a. 可应⽤的，适当的452. applicant n. 申请⼈453. breadth n. 宽度454. conservation n. 保存，保护455. conservative a. 保守的456. parallel n. 平⾏线；可相⽐拟的事物457. passion n. 激情，热情458. passive a. 被动的，消极的459. pat v./n. 轻拍，轻打460. peak n. ⼭峰，顶点461. phenomenon n. 现象462. reluctant a. 不情愿的，勉强的463. rely vi. (on ,upon)依赖，指望464. relevant a. 有关的，切题的465. reliable a. 可靠的466. relief n. 轻松，宽慰；减轻467. reputation n. 名⽓，声誉468. rescue vt./n. 营救469. triangle n. 三⾓（形）470. sequence n. 连续；顺序471. shallow a. 浅的472. shiver vi/n. 发抖473. shrug v./n. 耸肩474. signature n. 签名475. sincere a. 诚挚的，真诚的476. utilify n. 功⽤，效⽤477. utilise vt. 利⽤478. utter vt. 说出 a. 完全的，彻底的479. variation n. 变化，变动480. vehicle n. 交通⼯具，车辆481. applause n. ⿎掌，掌声482. appliance n. 器具，器械483. consent n. 准许，同意 vi (to)准许，同意484. conquer vt. 征服485. defect n. 缺点，缺陷486. delicate a. 易碎的；娇弱的；精美的487. evolve v.演变488. evolution n. 演变，进化489. frown v./n. 皱眉490. frustrate vt. 使沮丧491. guarantee vt./n. 保证492. guilty a. 内疚的；有罪的493. jealous a. 妒忌的494. jeans n. ⽜仔裤495. liquor n. 酒，烈性酒496.liter/litre n. 升497. modest a. 谦虚道498. molecule n. 分⼦499. orbit n. 轨道 v. （绕...）作轨道运⾏500. participate v. (in)参与，参加501. particle n. 微粒502. particularly ad. 特别，尤其503. respond vi. 回答，答复；反应504. response n. 回答，答复；反应505. sensible a. 明智的506. sensitive a. 敏感到，灵敏的507. tremble vi. 颤抖508. tremendous a. 巨⼤的；精彩的509. trend n. 趋向，倾向510. trial n. 审讯；试验511. apparent a. 显然的，明⽩的512. appetite n. 胃⼝；欲望513. deposit n. 存款，定⾦ v.存放，储蓄514. deputy n. 副职，代表515. derive vt. 取得，得到；(from)起源于516. descend v. 下来，下降517. missile n. 导弹518. mission n. 使命；代表团519. mist n.薄雾520. noticeable a. 显⽽易见到521. notify vt. 通知，告知522. notion n. 概念；意图，想法523. resemble vt. 像，类似于524. reveal vt. 揭露525. revenue n. 收⼊，岁⼊；税收526. shelter n. 掩蔽处；住所527. shield n. 防护物，盾 vt. 保护，防护528. vital a. 重要的；致命的，⽣命的529. vitally ad. 极度，⾮常；致命地530. urban a. 城市的531. urge vt. ⿎励，激励532. urgent a. 急迫的，紧急得533. usage n. 使⽤，⽤法534. violence n. 强⼒，暴⼒535. violent a. 强暴的536. violet a. 紫⾊的537. weed n. 杂草，野草538. welfare n. 福利539. whatsoever ad. （⽤于否定句）任何540. whereas conj. 然⽽，但是，尽管541. essential a. 必不可少的；本质的542. estimate n./vt. 估计，估量543. evaluate vt. 评估，评价544. exceed vt. 超过，越出545. exceedingly ad. ⾮常，极其546. exclaim v. 呼喊，⼤声说547. exclude vt. 把...排斥在外，不包括548. exclusive a. 读有的，排他的549. excursion n. 远⾜550. flash vi. 闪光，闪耀551. flee vi. 逃⾛552. flexible a. 易弯曲的553. flock n. ⽺群，（鸟兽等）⼀群；⼀伙⼈554. hardware n. 五⾦器具555. harmony n. 和谐，融洽556. haste n. 急速，急忙557. hatred n. 憎恶，憎恨558. incident n. 事件，事变559. index n. 索引，标志560. infant n. 婴⼉561. infect v. 传染562. inferior a. 劣等的，次的，下级的563. infinite a. ⽆限的564. ingredient n. 组成部分565. inhabitant n. 居民566. jail n. 监狱567. jam n. 果酱；拥挤，堵塞568. jewel n. 宝⽯569. joint a.连接的；共同的570. junior a. 年少的；资历较浅的571. laser n. 激光572. launch vt. 发动，发起573. luxury n. 奢侈；奢侈品574. magnet n. 磁铁，磁体575. male a. 男性的，雄的576. female a. ⼥性的，雌的577. manual a. ⽤⼿的，⼿⼯做的 n. ⼿册578. manufacture vt./n. 制造，加⼯579. marine a. 海的；海产的580. mutual a. 相互的581. naked a. *露的582. negative a. 否定的，消极的583. neglect vt. 忽视，忽略584. origin n. 起源，出⾝585. oval a. 椭圆形的 n. 椭圆形586. outset n. 开始，开端587. presumably ad. ⼤概，可能588. prevail vi. 流⾏，盛⾏589. quit v. 停⽌590. quotation n. 引⽂，引语591. recreation n. 娱乐活动592. recruit vt. 招募，吸收（新成员）593. rival n. 竞争对⼿，敌⼿594. shuttle n. 梭⼦；航天飞机595. skim vt. 搬（去），掠过；浏览596. sketch n. 草图；梗概597. slender a. 苗条的，修长的598. theme n. 主题599. textile n. 纺织品600. tropical a. 热带的，炎热的601. kneel vi. 跪602. label n. 标签603. merchant n. 商⼈604. mere a. 仅仅的，只不过的；纯粹的605. nuisance n. 令⼈讨厌的东西（或⼈）606. numerrous a. 众多的，许多的607. parade n. * v. 列队⾏进608. pants[pl.] n. 长裤；内裤609. partial a. 部分的610. passport n. 护照611. prescribe vt. 开药，吩咐采⽤...疗法612. primitive a. 原始的，早期的613. ridge n. 脊，⼭脊，埂614. ridiculous a. 可笑的，荒漠的615. ridid a. 严格的；僵硬的616. withstand vt. 经受，承受617. witness n. ⽬击者；证据 vt. 注意到；证明618. withdraw v. 收回，撤销619. slippery a. 滑的620. smash vt. 粉碎，打烂621. snap n./vt. 折断，拉断；快照622. software n. 软件623. solar a. 太阳的624. lynar a. ⽉的，⽉球的625. submerge vi. 潜⼊⽔中626. submit vi.(to)屈服，听从627. timber n. ⽊材，原⽊628. tissue n. 组织；薄纱，⼿⼱纸629. title n. 题⽬，标题630. tone n. 语⽓，⾳调631. drift vi. 漂，漂流632. drip n. 滴633. durable a. 耐⽤的，持久的634. duration n. 持续，持续期间635. dusk n. 黄昏，薄暮636. leather n. ⽪⾰637. legislation n. 法律，法规；⽴法638. leisure n. 闲暇；悠闲639. loose a. 松的，宽松的640. loosen v. 解开，放松641. tarnest a. 认真的，诚挚的642. earthquake n. 地震643. echo n. 回⾳，回声644. elaborate a. 精⼼设计的，复杂的645. elastic n. 橡⽪圈（带） a. 有弹性的646. elbow n. 肘647. electron n. 电⼦648. volcano n. ⽕⼭649. volume n. 卷，册；体积，容量650. fatigue n. 疲劳，劳累651. faulty a. 有错误的，有缺点的652. favorable a. 称赞道；有利的，顺利的653. favorite a. 特别受喜欢的 n. 喜爱的⼈或物654. gallery n. 画廊655. gallon n. 加仑656. gap n. 间隔，差距657. garbage n. 垃圾，废物658. gaze v. 凝视，注视659. gear n. 齿轮，传动装置660. gene n. 基因661. lest conj. 唯恐，免得662. liable a. 可能的，⼤概的； (to)易于...的663. liberal a. ⾃由得664. liberty n. ⾃由665. licence/license n. 许可证，执照666. moisture n. 潮湿667. motivate vt. 激励，激发668. motive n. 动机，⽬的669. generate vt. ⽣成，产⽣（光、热、电等）670. genius n. 天才，天赋671. genuine a. 真的，真诚的672. gasoline n. 汽油673. germ n. 微⽣物，细菌674. gesture n. 姿势，⼿势675. giant a. 巨⼤的 n. 巨⼈，巨物676. glimpse n. ⼀瞥，⼀看677. glory n. 光荣，荣誉678. glorious n. 光荣的，极好的679. golf n. ⾼尔夫球运动680. hydrogen n. 氢681. oxygen n. 氧682. hostile a. 敌对的，敌意⼤683. household n. 家庭，户684. hook n. 钩685. holy a. 神圣地，圣洁的686. hint n. 暗⽰，⽰意687. hestiate v. 犹豫688. highlight vt. 强调，突出689. hence ad. 因此，所以；今后，从此690. herd n. 兽群，牧群。
大学英语四级考试语法笔记11
洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌例如：I shall be twenty years old next year. 我明年二十岁。
The sky is black. I think it will rain. 天黑下来了。
我想可能会下雨。
You will meet him at the station this afternoon. 你下午会在车站碰到他。
The train will arrive soon. 火车快要到了。
When shall we see you next time? 我们下次什么时候能看见你呢?He probably won’t go with us. 他大概不能和我们一起去。
注意：1)shall, will的缩写形式为’ll, 如I’ll, you’ll, he’ll 和she’ll等。
2)will 用于第一人称时，可以表示将来的意愿、决心、允诺、命令等;shall 用于第二、三人称时，可以表示说话人的将来的意愿。
例如：I will give you a new pen for your birthday. 我将送你一支新钢笔作为生日礼物。
(允诺)I will take the college entrance examination. 我将参加大学入学考试。
(决心)Shall I open the window? 我打开窗户好吗?(征求允诺)You shall have the book as soon as I get it. 我一拿到书就给你。
(说话人的允诺)The enemy shall not pass. 决不让敌人通过。
(说话人的保证)I will do my best to help you. 我愿意尽力帮助你。
(意愿)Nobody shall be late for the meeting. 任何人开会都不能迟到。
(说话人的命令)(2)be going 动词不定式1)这种结构表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要做某事。
大学英语四级备考笔记知识点汇总
英语四级备考笔记目录一、英语四级写作高级替换词 (1)二、英语四级写作必备词 (2)三、英语四级作文常用短语30句 (2)四、大学英语四级作文高分句型汇总 (4)五、2017年12月英语四级作文范文50例带翻译 (7)六、翻译复习 (13)一、英语四级写作高级替换词1)good：好的perfect, excellent, outstanding, superior2)many：许多a lot of, a host of, a sea of3)some：一些quite a few , several4)think：认为acknowledge, hold the view that5)more and more：越来越多increasing, increasingly, growing6)helpful：有益的beneficial, rewarding7)bad：坏的wicked, dreadful, harmful8)customer：顾客consumer, client9)in my opinion：以我看来from my part, from my own perspective10)very：非常exceedingly, extremely11)cause：引起result in, be triggered by12)want：想要desire, be eager to13)remember：记住memorize, bear in mind that14)have：拥有own, possess15)poor：穷的needy, impoverished16)rich：富的wealthy, affluent17)excellent：棒的fabulous, marvelous18)obvious：明显的apparent, evident19)healthy：健康的robust, wholesome20)surprising：惊人的amazing, miraculous21)beautiful：美的attractive, gorgeous, eye-catching22)popular：流行的prevailing, prevalent23)improve：提高enhance, promote, boost24)solve：解决resolve, tackle, cope with, deal with25)develop：培养cultivate, foster, nurture26)complete：完成fulfill, accomplish, achieve27)keep：保留hold, preserve, retain28)energetic：有活力的dynamic, vigorous29)destroy：破坏damage, ruin30)influence：影响impact, the effect of…31)pollute：污染taint, contaminate二、英语四级写作必备词 1) 大多数人most people→the majority of the population 2) 经常often→frequently 3) 我相信I believe→from my standpoint, from my personal perspective 4) 必须must→it is a must for us to… 5) 知道know→be aware of 6) 因为because→in that 7) 最后at last→eventually 8) 然而but→however 9) 如果if→provided that 10) 各行各业的人all kinds of people→people from all walks of life 11) 引起，导致lead to→contribute to 12) 人people→individuals 13) 好的good→desirable, beneficial 14) 坏的bad→undesirable 15) 很多many→numerous 16) 越来越more and more→a(n) increasing/mounting number of 17) 很very→extremely 18) 方面side→aspects 19) 表明show→demonstrate, indicate 20) 利用use→utilize 21) 因此/结果so→therefore 22) 部分part→proportion 23) 提高improve→enhance 24) 改变change→transform 25) 强调/重视emphasize→attach great importance to 26) 培养develop→cultivate 27) 破坏destroy→undermine 28) 解决deal with →tackle /figure out 29) 普遍的everywhere→universal 30) 明显的obvious→apparent 31) 在当今社会in the modern society→in the current society32) 使make→enable三、英语四级作文常用短语30句 1.随着经济的快速发展with the rapid development of economy 2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people's living standard 3.先进的科学技术advanced science and technology 4.面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5.人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that… 6.社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development 7.引起了广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8.不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 9.热烈的讨论/ 争论a heated discussion/ debate 10.有争议性的问题a controversial issue 11.完全不同的观点a totally different argument 12.一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others… 13.就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 14.就…达到绝对的一致reach an absolute consensus on… 15.有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons 16.双方的论点argument on both sides 17.发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in… 18.对…必不可少be indispensable to … 19.正如谚语所说As the proverb goes: 20.…也不例外…be no exception 21.对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on… 22.利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 23.导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in 24.复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon 25.责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement 26. 竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation 27. 开阔眼界widen one's horizon/ broaden one's vision 28.学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills 29.经济/心理负担financial burden / psychological burden 30.考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account/ consideration四、大学英语四级作文高分句型汇总 文章开头句型 适用于有争议性的主题 2018年6月大学英语四级作文高分句型：对立法 2018年6月大学英语四级作文高分句型：现象法 2018年6月大学英语四级作文高分句型：观点法 2018年6月大学英语四级作文高分句型：引用法 文章中间主体内容句型 原因结果分析 2018年6月大学英语四级作文高分句型：基本原因 2018年6月大学英语四级作文高分句型：另一原因一、英语四级作文高分句型：意义性 2--6 意义性的结尾方式--------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义! [1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit··· but also benefit ..... [2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly ....二、英语四级作文高分句型：方向性 2-5 方向性的结尾方式---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景. [1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way . [2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical. [3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........三、英语四级作文高分句型：建议性 2-4 建议性-------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法 [1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is ..... [2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.四、英语四级作文高分句型：号召性 2-3 号召性-------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意想及观点 [1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of···· [2]. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.五、英语四级作文高分句型：后果性 2-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果. [1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of ....... [2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger.六、英语四级作文高分句型：结论性 2-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论,引出或重申文章的中心 [1]. From what has been discussed above, we may easily draw the conclusion that ..... [2]. In summary , it is more valuable .......七、英语四级作文高分句型：两者比较 3-2-1. 两者比较---> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 [1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain fromB. [2]. Indeed, A carries much weight重要度)when compared with B. [3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.八、英语四级作文高分句型：两者相同 3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似------> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用! [1]. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that..... [2]. A bears some striking(显著的) resemblance(s)( 相似性) to B.九、英语四级作文高分句型：后果影响 后果影响------分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 . [1]. It will produce a profound impact on.... [2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........十、英语四级作文高分句型：另一原因 另一原因--------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用! [1]. Another important factor is .... [2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem. [3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....十一、英语四级作文高分句型：基本原因 基本原因--- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因. [1]. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ... [2]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both individual and social contribute to ....十二、英语四级作文高分句型：引用法 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点 [1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people . "Education is not complete with graduation.(学无止境)" Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion. [2]."........." How often we hear such statements like thoses /this . In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......"十三、英语四级作文高分句型：观点法 开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法. [1]. Now people in significant numbers are coming to realize that... [3]. Now there is a growing awareness of the necessity to......Now people become increasingly conscious of the importance of ...... [4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude that.......十四、英语四级作文高分句型：现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 [1]. Recently the rise inphenomenon of ... has aroused public worldwide concern. [2]. Recently the issue of the problem of ...has been brought into focus. [3].Inflation(通货膨胀)/Corruption(贪污腐败)/Social inequality(不平等) ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face constantly.十五、英语四级作文高分句型：对立法 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, [1]. When asked about....., the vast majority of people say that ....... But I view a bit differently. [2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others claim that the opposite is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements, but I tend to the latter(后者;(二者中)后者的) ...[3]. Now, it is commonly acknowledged that .... They claim that ... But I wonde r whether.....五、2017年12月英语四级作文范文50例带翻译 Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Long Holidays. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 一、 1. 长假给大学生带来的好处 2. 长假可能给大学生带来的问题 3. 我应当怎样利用好长假 【范文】 Long Holidays Generally speaking, long holidays are good for us college students. On the one hand, we have a lot of time to study by ourselves and thus improve weaknesses and further develop strengths. On the other hand, we can take part-time jobs, which can make us realize responsibility and make ourselves better prepared for social life. But every coin has two sides. Some students fail to make good use of their time and they are addicted to various computer games. I am afraid that they are likely to ruin themselves in this way. As far as I am concerned, I will try to make the best use of my precious time. I will spend most of my holidays studying English for that I am very poor at it. In addition, I will take a part-time job as private teacher. By this means, I can earn some money and put my knowledge into practice as well. 长假期 一般来说,长假期是对我们有益的大学生。
英语四级考试听力笔记技巧
英语四级考试听力笔记技巧在英语四级考试中，听力部分往往是考生们最担心的一部分。
提高听力能力无疑是取得好成绩的关键之一。
而有效地记笔记是提升听力能力的重要技巧之一。
下面将介绍几种有效的听力笔记技巧，帮助考生们在四级考试中取得好成绩。
一、留意关键词在听力过程中，关键词是理解和记笔记的基础。
留意关键词有助于准确捕捉到听力材料的重点信息。
关键词可以是人名、地名、数字、日期、名词等，它们对于理解整个听力材料非常重要。
在听力过程中，考生可以通过画圈、下划线、加粗等方式标记出关键词，方便后续回看和复习。
二、简化笔记在听力过程中，考生不可能将全部内容都记下来，因此简化笔记非常关键。
在听力材料播放过程中，尽量只记录下关键信息或者每个段落的主题句子，适当配上关键词即可。
简化笔记有助于提高听力的专注度，更好地理解和记忆核心信息。
三、使用符号和缩写使用符号和缩写可以进一步简化笔记，提高效率。
考生可以使用一些常见的符号和缩写，如“+”表示增加，"-"表示减少，"≈"表示大致相等等。
此外，可以使用缩写代替一些常见的单词，如“govt”代表government, “exp”代表experience等。
这样一来，在听力过程中可以更快速地记录下关键信息。
四、维持专注，判断重点在听力过程中，保持专注非常关键。
考生需要摒除杂念，尽可能集中注意力听取每个单词和短语，这样才能更好地判断出听力材料的重点。
重点信息往往是与问题和答案相关的关键信息，掌握了这些重点信息，考生就能更有针对性地回答问题。
五、整理笔记，提高复习效果考试结束后，及时整理听力笔记非常重要。
将听力材料中的关键信息整理出来，笔记的清晰度和条理性对于复习的效果非常关键。
可以将笔记中的关键词和重点信息整理成表格或者思维导图的形式，方便后续的复习和记忆。
六、多听多练听力笔记技巧需要经过实践才能得到提高。
考生应该多听多练，特别是多做一些听力模拟题，积累经验和熟悉常见题型。
英语四级考试词汇笔记附练习第4课
英语四级考试词汇笔记附练习第4课主谓一致：指的就是给出主语，要求判断谓语动词是用单数还是复数的问题。
一、就近原则：指句子的主语由两部分单词或短语构成时，由离谓语动词近的那部分主语来决定谓语动词的单复数。
只有当以下单词或短语连接主句的两部分时就近原则才适用：1. or 或者；2. either … or …不是…就是…，…或…；3. neither … nor …既不…也不…；4. not only … but also …不但…而且…；5. not … but …不是…而是…例如：主语1 or 主语2 谓语动词。
此时由主语2决定谓语动词。
10. _C_ either he or his accountants going to claim for the loss?A AreB WhereC IsD Does如果题目改变为：Either he or his accountants ___ going …则应选A二、句子谓语动词一定用复数的两种情况：1. 集合名词做主语，集合名词没有复数形式，因为他本身就代表一个复数概念。
常见的几个复合名词： people 人民，人们； police 警察； cattle 牛； poultry 家禽。
2. 表示数量的复数名词 + 不可数名词，整体做主语时例如：去年出口了八百万顿煤。
Eight million tons of coal were exported last year.三、谓语动词一定用单数的六种情况：1. 句子的主语是由从句充当的、动词不定式短语作主语、动名词短语作主语；2. 表示时间、重量、长度、价值四方面的词做主语；399. -- “How many days?”0 -- “Did you say that five days _C_ required to complete that work?”A areB wereC wasD is3. 表示单数概念的主语，短语，谓语动词，此时谓语动词也用单数；因为此结构中短语只是对主语提供附加说明情况，所以谓语动词也用单数。
英语单词摘抄四级笔记(3篇)
第1篇I. IntroductionThe College English Test Band 4 (CET-4) is a standardized test for non-English majors in colleges and universities in China. It is designed to test the comprehensive ability of students in reading, writing, listening, and speaking. A wide range of vocabulary is essential for success in this test. This outline provides a comprehensive list of key words and phrases that are frequently tested in the CET-4 exam.II. Vocabulary List1. Reading Section- Comprehension- Diverse: having or showing a wide variety of different forms or qualities- Proficient: having or showing a high level of skill or knowledge- Essentially: fundamentally or in a crucial way- Conspicuously: easily seen or noticed- Persuasive: able to persuade or convince people- Equally: in the same way or to the same degree- Example: The author’s writing style is diverse and essentially persuasive, making the book an engaging read for all audiences.- Vocabulary- Arbitrary: decided by chance or without a particular reason- Coherence: the quality of being logical and easy to understand- Categorize: to put things into categories- Deteriorate: to become worse or more serious- Prioritize: to decide what is most important and deal with it first- Extravagant: spending or using more money or resources than is necessary or wise- Example: The writer categorizes the characters into different groups based on their behaviors, making the story more coherent.2. Writing Section- Sentence Completion- Equally: in the same way or to the same degree- Consequently: as a result- Regardless: without considering- Subsequently: after a short time- Nevertheless: despite the fact that- Inevitably: as a result of something that cannot be avoided- Example: Despite the challenges, she continued to work hard and subsequently achieved great success.- Translation- Proficient: having or showing a high level of skill or knowledge- Essentially: fundamentally or in a crucial way- Equally: in the same way or to the same degree- Subsequently: after a short time- Inevitably: as a result of something that cannot be avoided- Regardless: without considering- Example: With her proficiency in both languages, she was able to adapt to the new environment quickly.3. Listening Section- Dialogue- Agreeable: pleasing or satisfying- Disregard: to ignore something- Consequently: as a result- Regardless: without considering- Subsequently: after a short time- Essentially: fundamentally or in a crucial way- Example: Despite disregarding the advice, he consequently faced many difficulties.- Passage- Equally: in the same way or to the same degree- Subsequently: after a short time- Essentially: fundamentally or in a crucial way- Inevitably: as a result of something that cannot be avoided- Regardless: without considering- Consequently: as a result- Example: The subsequent changes in the company were inevitable, regardless of the efforts to maintain the status quo.4. Speaking Section- Introduction- Essentially: fundamentally or in a crucial way- Equally: in the same way or to the same degree- Regardless: without considering- Subsequently: after a short time- Inevitably: as a result of something that cannot be avoided- Consequently: as a result- Example: Essentially, the problem lies in the lack of communication between the two parties, regardless of their subsequent actions.- Discussion- Equally: in the same way or to the same degree- Subsequently: after a short time- Essentially: fundamentally or in a crucial way- Inevitably: as a result of something that cannot be avoided- Regardless: without considering- Consequently: as a result- Example: We all agree that the decision to change the policy was essentially the right one, regardless of the subsequent challenges.III. ConclusionMastering a wide range of vocabulary is crucial for success in the CET-4 exam. The words and phrases listed in this outline are commonly testedin the reading, writing, listening, and speaking sections of the exam. By familiarizing yourself with these words and their meanings, you will be better equipped to handle the challenges of the CET-4 and achieve a high score. Remember to practice regularly and expand your vocabulary to ensure a strong performance in the exam.第2篇一、动词（Verb）1. accomplish [əˈkɒmplɪʃ] 实现，完成例句：He accomplished his goal of finishing the project on time.2. advocate [ˈædvəkeɪt] 提倡，倡导例句：She advocates for equal rights for all people.3. analyze [ˈænəlaɪz] 分析例句：The scientist analyzed the data and drew conclusions.4. approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] 接近，靠近例句：He approached the problem from a different angle.5. argue [ˈɑːrgjuː] 争论，辩论例句：They argued about the best way to solve the problem.6. attach [əˈtætʃ] 附加，贴上例句：Please attach the cover sheet to the front of the report.7. avoid [əˈvɔɪd] 避免例句：We need to avoid making the same mistakes again.8. benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] 受益，得益例句：The program has benefited many people in our community. 9. cancel [ˈkænsl] 取消例句：The meeting was canceled due to the bad weather.10. challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] 挑战例句：She accepted the challenge of running a marathon.二、名词（Noun）1. ability [əˈbɪlɪtɪ] 能力，才能例句：He has the ability to speak five languages.2. advantage [ədˈvæntɪdʒ] 优势，有利条件例句：Having a good education is a big advantage in today's job market.3. attitude [ˈætɪtjuːd] 态度，看法例句：She has a positive attitude towards life.4. belief [bɪˈliːf] 信念，信仰例句：He has a strong belief in God.5. benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt] 利益，好处例句：The program provides benefits to both the employees and the company.6. challenge [ˈtʃælɪndʒ] 挑战例句：The challenge is to find a solution that satisfies everyone.7. culture [ˈkʌltʃə] 文化，文明例句：We need to promote cultural exchange between different countries.8. education [ˌedʒʊˈkeɪʃn] 教育，培养例句：Education is the key to success in life.9. experience [ɪkˈspɪəriəns] 经验，体验例句：She gained valuable experience through her volunteer work.10. knowledge [ˈnɒlɪdʒ] 知识，学问例句：Knowledge is power.三、形容词（Adjective）1. abundant [əˈbʌndənt] 丰富的，充裕的例句：The garden is abundant in flowers.2. active [ˈæktɪv] 活跃的，积极的例句：She is an active member of the community.3. amazing [əˈmeɪzɪŋ] 惊人的，惊人的例句：The performance was amazing.4. appropriate [əˈprəʊprɪət] 适当的，恰当的例句：This is the appropriate time to make a decision.5. certain [ˈsɜːtən] 确定的，无疑的例句：I am certain that I will succeed.6. continuous [kənˈtɪnjuːəs] 连续的，持续的例句：The rain fell for a continuous three days.7. effective [ɪˈfektɪv] 有效的，起作用的例句：The new medication is effective in treating the disease.8. excellent [ɪgˈzɛlənt] 优秀的，卓越的例句：She is an excellent student.9. important [ɪmˈpɔːrtənt] 重要的，重大的例句：It is important to protect the environment.10. significant [sɪˈɡnɪfɪkənt] 重要的，有意义的例句：The discovery of the new drug is a significant breakthrough.四、副词（Adverb）1. actually [ˈæktʃuəli] 实际上，事实上例句：Actually, I don't like coffee.2. always [ˈɔːlweɪz] 总是，一直例句：She is always on time.3. although [əˈlʌðoʊ] 尽管，虽然例句：Although he is old, he is still very strong.4. certainly [ˈsɜːtɪnli] 当然，无疑例句：Certainly, I will help you.5. completely [kəmˈpliːtli] 完全地，彻底地例句：The fire destroyed the house completely.6. constantly [ˈkɒnstəntli] 不断地，频繁地例句：She constantly checks her phone for messages.7. finally [ˈfaɪnəli] 最后，终于例句：Finally, the project was completed.8. never [ˈnevər] 从不，永不例句：I have never smoked.9. probably [ˈprɒbəbli] 很可能，大概例句：It probably will rain tomorrow.10. surely [ˈʃʊərli] 当然，无疑例句：She surely will succeed in her new job.五、短语（Phrases）1. in order to 为了，以便例句：He studied hard in order to pass the exam.2. as soon as 一...就...例句：I left as soon as I finished my work.3. in addition to 除了...之外例句：In addition to English, she also speaks French.4. on the other hand 另一方面例句：He is good at math, but on the other hand, he is not good at sports.5. in order to 为了，以便例句：He saved money in order to buy a new car.6. instead of 代替，而不是例句：She walked instead of taking the bus.7. in order that 为了，以便例句：She got up early in order that she could catch the early train.8. as well as 以及，和例句：He is good at both singing and dancing.9. in order to 为了，以便例句：He studied hard in order to improve his grades.10. instead of 代替，而不是例句：I ate fruit instead of dessert.六、常用句型（Common Sentence Patterns）1. It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是...的。
四级英语笔记汇总01
when it comes to词组，opinions differ.（当谈及...时）some may assert（声称、断言）that___,Others,however,seem to contend（声称，主张）that___.I'm strongly convinced that___.claim/argue/contend/assert/hold the fiew thatinsist/maintainWhile many tend to insist that___,others may argue that___.those who/whose···人those who are from Japan.those(who are)as yet unaware of such a disadvantageas yet到目前为止be aware of(unaware)whose whose surname begin with a leter in the lower half of the alphabetsurname姓氏given name名字in the lower half of the class班级下游in the first half of the class班级上游tend yo/seem to/might/may主语——谓语——（插入从句、ed/todo/ing/adj/prep、tend to/seem to/may/might、双破折号、双逗号）slowing/falling/fading/decliningslowing economy放缓的经济=softening economy疲软的经济=the economy is cooling经济降温=the slowdown 经济减速acceleration经济加速（a物理上的加速度）=red-hot economy过热的经济fall-risefalling costs日益下跌的支出、低消费falling transportation and communication costs日益下跌的交通和通讯费用Unicom联通Telecom电信fading competitiveness of Japanese auto industrygrowing competitiveness of Chinese auto industryfading distinction between male and femaledecline衰退、走下坡路n/va declining industryon the declining-on the riseThis is an explosive situation for any country,particulary a developing one.explosive situation危机时刻rising/growing/increasing/soaringrising living costs日益上涨的生活支出rising concern越来越关注=growing attentionRising concern,fortunately,has been given today to such an upsetting phenomenon.growing competitiveness of emerging economies（新兴经济体）growing threat of global warming/haze and smog/internet addictioncyberapace网络空间an increasing number of...increasinglysoaring激增的(soar激增)soaring home prices/soaring healthcare（医疗卫生）budgetbudget=cost=spending花费、支出not...just yet尚未，还没有Many have not come to realize the severity of this explosive stituation just yet.sound v响起、听到alarm v警报、报警sound adj好的physically sound but intellectually poorintellect n学识intellectual n知识分子intelligence n智力、智能、情报artificial intelligenceCentral Intelligence Agencyintelligent adj聪明的environmentally sound在环境方面好的cognitively sound在认知方面好的(recognize)bite one's nails束手无策=scratch one's headhave a zzz=noisily doze offin spite of尽管put pen to paper=writeput computers in the classroom多媒体教学cut/file/polish剪切/用锉磨/磨油、磨光、打蜡But she isn't cutting as many nails as she would like to,either.not...as many...as...barber美发师manicurist美甲师client=customer=shopper=buyer n顾客、客户longtime client常客show up露面、出现but/while/whereas表示转折although/though/whileShe blames her negligence.blame=owe to=attribute to把...归咎于She owes the accident to her negligence.According to the author,the department store in the19th century owed its emergence to the culture of consumption. department store=supermarketself-restraint自我控制emerging economies新兴经济体High achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.nurture后天的栽培v/nnurse/nursery/nutrition/nutriment护士、托儿所、营养、营养品a sociology professor at xx university写完一句话后，思考能否让主语再做一个动作，若可以，使用Ving（将and改为谓语ing）suburb n郊区suburban adj郊区的rural adj农村的(rural problems)urban adj城市的(rural life and urban life)Even before the liberation,CPC had already won the support of the people.folks=people lots of folks=many people=manysigns of recoveryHeavy snow is a good sign for a harvesting year.瑞雪兆丰年。
大学英语四级考试听力笔记
大学英语四级考试听力笔记（一）短对话部分一、短对话听力的一些原则1、推理原则：一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案2、挫折原则：通常要办的事情都是不顺利的（如买东西买不到，订房间客满等）3、男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。
男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好4、父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学习5、除了父母教育子女外，家里（包括朋友家，阿姨家等等）发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似at home / at Mary’s home之类的选项一般都是不对的6、四级听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇得到事情、问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项二、短对话十大场景及一般思路1、借车：车一般是借不到的2、吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，“派”一般比较好吃3、考试：作业、论文一般较难，或须要熬夜；教授一般比较严厉；选修课较难，较多4、坐车（飞机、轮船）：一般都需要等5、事故（灾难）：光明原则，一般不会死人6、听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的7、论文：一般需要修改（polish）或重写（rewrite）8、休闲：男生一般喜欢待在家里看TV或者看moive，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术如theater9、医院：需要预约make an appointment10、买票：基本上是买不到的三、短对话的常见场景1、学校场景课程分类Optional course 选修课Required course 必修课Day course 白天的课Evening course 晚上的课经常出现的科目或专业Chinese 中文English 英语Mathematic 数学History 历史Chemistry 化学Literature 文学考试Final exam 期终考试middle exam 期中考试make up 补考test测验pop test 事先没有说好的测验quiz 测验oral test 口试考试临近draw onin sight ofdraw nearly考试延期或取消delaybe offdeferhold uppostponeput offsuspend 学校分类public school 公立学校private school 私立学校religious school 教会学校学校中的人president 校长dean 院长professor 教授lecturer 讲师coordinator 管理员doctor 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士freshman 大一新生sophomore 大二学生junior 大三学生senior 大四学生图书馆借书lend / borrow / check out参考书reference book续借renew过期overdue还书return罚金fineattend / have a lecture 上课cut a class 逃课miss a class 错过了课scholarship 荣誉奖学金assistantship 助教奖学金teaching assistant 助教research assistant 助研semester 学期2、交通运输场景fare 车票licence 驾照rush hours 高峰时间traffic jam 交通堵塞overtake 超车one way street 单行道over speed 超速police officer 交警ticket 罚单fine 罚金fast way / express way / high way 高速公路motor way 机动车道super way 飞机机动车道free way 免费高速公路交通工具（出现频率从高到低）plane / train（女）/ bus / bike（女）/ walk（女）/ taxi （女）：女生比较喜欢tunnel / channel 隧道ring road 环线subway（美）/ underground （英）地铁metro 地道地铁underpass人行地道overhead 轻轨flyover 人行天桥mag –lev 磁悬浮take a taxi 乘出租车call a taxi 招出租车/订出租车catch a train / bus 赶火车/汽车3.电话场景mobile phone 手机pay phone 公用电话telephone box/booth 电话亭yellow page 黄页dial （拨电话号码）/ press （按电话号码）extension 分机operator 总机put~through 接通wrong number / there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/ 没有这个人is not in 不在？be not inhold on 不要挂断，稍等take/leave a message 留言hang up / get off 挂断credit call 记账式电话bill the call into the 3rd party 免费电话collect call 对方付费电话4.机场场景plane / craft 飞机book 订票timetable 时间表destination 目的地one way ticket 单程票round trip ticket 来回票non-stop / direct flight 直航transfer / lay over / stop over 转机first / business / economy cabin 头等/ 商务/ 经济舱confirm the flight 确认航班check in 登记boarding card 登机牌security check 安检see off 送行送别时的祝语keep in touch 保持联系safe landing 安全着陆board 登机take off 起飞departure 离港safety / sect belt 安全带land 着陆arrival 进港pick up 接机5.公司场景job vacancy 有空缺职位letter of application 求职信resume 简历resume包括几部分basic / personal info. 基本信息/个人资料academic background 教育背景work experience 工作经验certificates and honoursinterview 面试offer 聘用信work experience 工作经验work overtime 加班ask for a raise 加钱wage 周薪salary 日薪bonus奖金allowance 津贴annual income 年收入promotion 升职fire 解雇resign 辞职retire 退休work / job / career / course 工作post / position / vocation / title 职务假期休息的说法（依次是从大到小）holiday 假日，假期vacation 休假annual leave 年假sick leave 病假rest 休息break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息coffee breakaway 离开一会公司职位从大到小chairman of the boardpresident -- general manager—manager –department manager—head –officer –specialist（专员）-- clerk6.租房场景live on campus 住校live off campus 住校外for sale 可销售的房子for rent / lease 可出租的房子to let 同上rent 租金utilities 公用事业费location 位置suburb / downtown 市郊/ 市中心condition 住房条件furnished 配家具unfurnished 无装修leaking 漏水blackout 断电environment 环境transportation 交通land lord 房东land lady 房东太太tenant 房客roommate 室友好的室友：neat 整洁的considerate 体贴的，细心的不好的室友：messy / untidy 脏乱的noisy 吵闹的7.医院场景see a doctor 去医院看医生send for a doctor 让医生出诊health center / clinic 卫生所/ 门诊部physician 内科医生surgeon 外科医生dentist 牙医make an appointment 预约emergency 急诊check up / exam 检查cold（感冒）——flu （流感）——headache （头痛）——sore throat（嗓子痛）——fever（发烧）——toothache（牙疼）——stomachache （胃疼）prescribe 开药方pill / tablet 药片liquid 喝药水injection => shot 注射operation 手术medical result 诊断结果8.宾馆场景make a reservation 预订房间confirm a reservation 确认预订cancel a reservation 取消预订fully booked / full up / full 客满porter 行旅员tips 小费reception 前台check in 登记入住single room 单人房double room 一张大床的双人房twin room 两张单人床的双人房suite 套房bathroom toilet / w.c closet restroom 厕所room service 客房服务（四级听力中的客房服务一般只有考一种——送餐）lounge 男士用休息区lobby 大堂business center 商务中心salon 美容厅ball 舞厅bar 酒吧night club 夜总会check out 退房9.邮局场景post / send / mail 寄letter / mail 信registered mail 挂号信regular mail 平信airmail 航空信parcel / package 包裹telegram / cable 电报rate 费率overweight 超重postage 邮资email 电子邮件reply 回复forward 转发cc（carbon copy）抄送bcc（blind carbon copy）秘密抄送subject 主题attach 附件attachment10.饭店场景eat out 出去吃take away 外带fast food 快餐book a table 订位子waiter / waitness 服务员waitressmenu 菜单order 点菜appetizer 开胃菜main course 主食dessert 餐后甜点bill 账单service charge 服务费change 找零tips 小费keep the change 不用找零了11．其他closed 关门open 开门office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间关于开关power on / off 开/关turn on / off 开/关switch on / off 开/ 关（这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关）干杯cheerspropose a toast tobottom upthe best book 最好的书圣经the best thing 最好的事情选择the last thing 最不愿意做的事情the last man 最不愿意见的人best seller 畅销的东西sell up 卖完，卖光售罄sell out卖完，卖光售罄/ 出卖朋友或原则sell off 低价处理库存商品selling machine 自动售货机selling point 卖点count the days 渴望count on = dependent / rely on depend oncount in 把……考虑在内count for nothing 一钱不值count for little 无足轻重count for much 举足轻重count down 倒计时count up 相加count up to 共计关于旅行traveljourney 陆上长途旅行trip 陆上短途旅行outing 远足stroll 散步wander 徘徊picnic 野餐camping 野营tour 周游cruise 水上短途旅行voyage 水上长途旅行关于死亡的说法没有感情色彩的：die / end up / meat one’s death / decease 褒义的：pass away贬义的：kick the bucket关于和别人相处的好的说法get on with = get along (well) withbe in good term withlive in peace with关于强调point outemphasizelay / put emphasis ongive emphasis to达成协议找到出路find a way outreach an agreementreach a consensus关于“得失”gains and lossesgive and take关于拜访drop in / at / over / bystop in / over / bycall on sbcall at / round swlook in / uppay a visit topay / make a call to关于碰见，偶遇come acrossrun intobump intohappen to meet关于花钱、花费的词Take Spend Cost Charge Pay Buy 关于水waterrunning / tap ~ 自来水fresh ~ 活水still ~ 死水pure ~ 纯净水purified ~ 净化水mineral ~ 矿泉水be used to do 被用于be used to dong 习惯于get used to doing 渐渐习惯于used to do 过去常常单复数意思不太一样的词ruin 毁灭ruins 废墟authority 权威authorities 当局brain 头脑brains 智力，智慧custom 风俗习惯customs 海关damage 破坏，损坏damages 赔偿费ground 地面土地grounds 院子，监狱manner 礼貌方式manners 外貌minute 分钟minutes 会议记录paper 纸张papers 试卷time 时间times 时代关于“调查”researchsurvey 市场调查opinion poll 名义调查民意调查questionnaire 问卷调查investigation 很正式的调查interview 会见，访谈belong to 属于participate in 参加be engaged in 从事、参加be involved in 卷入消磨时间kill timepass timecount one’s thumbs用完、缺少run out ofbe short ofbe lack in lack of / ina little 一点not a little 很多a bit 一点not a bit 一点也没有短对话中常用单词和句型1.表示期待、希望、渴望做某事的说法expect / hope / wishbe eager / anxious /dying tolook for ward towait / yean / thirst / long forcan not waitcounting the days2.下列词语与“but”一样含有转折的的意思actuallywellreallyin factas a matter of factto tell you the truth3.表示建议的句型how about……做……如何I heard about……我听说……If I were you ……如果我是你……It seems to me that……在我看来似乎……Let’s ……shall we ? 让我们……怎么样？Let us ……will you ? 让我们……怎么样？Shall I / we ……What about ……做……如何Why don’t you ……你为什么不……Why not + 动词原型为什么不……Would you like ……你要……吗？Wouldn’t ……be better / wiser 做……不是更好吗？4.表示同意、附和的句型I agree with youExactlyI couldn’t agree with you more / betterI think soI can’t wait any minuteBelieve it or notI will ……if 假如……我就会It’s my turn 轮到我了我请客Why not ?You are rightI guess so 我猜也是No problem 没问题Of causeOut of question 毫无疑问So do I / me too 我也是Sure / absolutely / beautiful 当然，很好Good ideaThat sounds really nice 听起来真不错5.表示询问的句型Any questions / any thing wrong 有什么问题吗？Can you give me some ideas 可以给我一些建议吗？Do you know ……Do you want to……Do you find any wrong with 你觉得……有什么不对劲吗？How long will it take 做什么要花多久I am thinking of ……我正在考虑做……I suppose think ……我猜想……What’s your plane plan 你的计划是什么？What happens if ……如果……怎么办？What shall we do 我们该怎么做？6.表示否定的句型Actually / as a matter of fact 事实上……How can you do sth 你怎么可以……I can’t afford any disturbance 不要再烦我I couldn’t agree with youI didn’t men to 我本不打算I don’t thin k soIt doesn’t matter 无所谓I wish ……但愿……I’d like to but 我很愿意但是……I’d love to butI just can’t bearI am afraid notI am sorry but……is not everything ……不是关键no bother / why bother 不要麻烦no , thanksreallyThat’s his opinionTo tell you the truthWell , as far as I know7.表示“不得不”have to 表示客观上不得不做某事must 主观上的必须做某事be bound tocannot buthave no choice but8.表示“迟到”behind timebe delayed / overduebehind schedulebe late9.表示“紧张”trembleshake all overget one’s tongue tiedhave one’s mind go bl anknervous10.以下词组听到后意思取反mean to 想要……planned to 原计划……intended to 原打算……tended toused to 过去常常……11.以下句型要引起重视，重点听取，就算本身不是考点也一定直接引向考点反意疑问句( ……，didn’t you ?)反问句倒装句助动词do / did / doesit is ……that / who / when……的句型正确答案的特征1．含义肯定的不是正确选项，模糊的是正确选项意思具体的不是正确选项，概括的是正确选项意思详细的不是正确选项，抽象的是正确选项意思肤浅的不是正确选项，深刻的是正确选项2．含有一下单词的一般是正确选项neither / either / also / besides / almost / especially / possibly / probably / likely perhaps / might / may / maybe / could /can / all / none3．含有以下三种结构的一般可能是正确选项系表结构（系动词+标语表语）比较结构（……than……）复合句4．含有四级词汇替换项的一般是正确选项5．表示“同意或不同意”，“喜欢或不喜欢”，“应该或不应该的”的一般为正确选项6．以下三种选项一般其中有一个可能是正确选项反意项形似项近似项7．同意项不可能是正确选项，等例排除。
高校英语四级考试高频词汇笔记
高校英语四级考试高频词汇笔记高校英语四级考试高频词汇笔记（1）词汇是英语四级考试的基础，突破词汇关就可以更加顺畅的攻下英语四级考试。
英语整理了“2021年6月高校英语四级考试高频词汇笔记”，便利同学们快速记忆，希望对同学们有关怀。
构词法题型(词的转化，合成，派生);构成符合形容词的名词和数量词一律用单数。
(见下面2个例题)31. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our attention.A three-hoursB three-hourC three-hours’D three-hour’s267. Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday.A two-thousand-wordsB two-thousands-wordC two-thousand-wordD two-thousands-words以ly结尾的不全是副词; friendly， lonely， lovely， likely，lively adj.考试中常见的否定前缀： un-、dis-、in-、im-56. _B_ his sister， Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.A DislikeB UnlikeC AlikeD Likinglike vt. 宠爱; dislike vt. 不宠爱，厌恶; unlike prep. 不象…;alike adj. adv. 同样的(地)，相象的(地); liking n. 爱好，嗜好;take a liking for宠爱…，对…产生好感。
（2）词汇是英语四级考试的基础，突破词汇关就可以更加顺畅的攻下英语四级考试。
英语整理了“2021年6月高校英语四级考试高频词汇笔记”，便利同学们快速记忆，希望对同学们有关怀。
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• 词根缩写-----♀名词后缀：
-ment→-M: development----DVPM equipment----EQPM statement ----STTM government ----GVNM -ability,-ibility→-BT accessibility----ACSBT acceptability----ACPTBT possibility ----PSSBT profitability ----PRFTBT
-ance→-C: importance----IMPTC substance----SBTC significance ----SGNFC -ism→-M: socialism----SCLM optimism ----OPTM pessimism ----PSM -ology→-G: biology----BOG psychology ----PSCG
L&G，I am ：） 2 join u + at ○ $E ¤, This is 3rd visit [2yr] as S-G UN. ]visits, I told u of my hopes µ4 a CRTV (creative) PTSP(partnership) (UN，PS private sector). This yr, I wanna(want to) X U 2 join me in taking ur RLSP to a still ↑ level
-ish→-H: childish----CDH selfish ----SFH -ic,-ical →-C: automatic----ATMC historical----HSTRC economical ----ECNMC technical ----TCNC
• 笔记符号
J happy/delighted L upset/sad/angry
(…)between…and ⊙ conference/ assembly ♀female ♂male ＄US dollar ￡pounds ￥yuan ∞fishing ↑woods
△ mine □ country •/• relationship •/ on one hand /• on the other hand @ about/at ⊥ difference ++better -- worse
-age →-G: postage----PSTG coverage----CVG carriage ----CRRG baggage ----BGG -ness→-NS: happiness----HPNS kindness----KDNS friendliness ----FRDNS progressiveness ----PRGSNS
• -hood→-HD: neighborhood----NBHD childhood ----CDH
♂ 形容词后缀 -able,-ible.-ble→-B: acceptable----ACTPB cle ----ACSB
-ful →-F: beautiful----BTF wonderful ----WNDF -tive →-V: detective----DTCV productive ----PRDV sensitive ----SSV -ous →-S: poisonous----PSNS famous ----FMS
Radio Station,London,8 Sunday Cloud mor. No rain tod. Shining by noon Temp.72 High 85 afternoon Monday Sunny Low temp.60 High 86 A little rain afternoon
• Ladies and gentlemen, I am delighted to join you again at the world economic forum. This is my third visit in just over 2 years as secretary general of United Nations. In previous visits, I told you of my hopes for a creative partnership between United Nations and private sector. This year I want to challenge you to join me in taking our relationship to a still higher level.
3、总结性标记 • “Therefore…”/”In conclusion…”/”As a result…” • “Finally…”/”In summary…”/”From this we see…”
• 句子的听力笔记
M: Sabrina，please tell Pro.Brown that I would call him in the Houston office at nine o’clock their time. And find out the time difference for me so that I’ll know when to make the call. W: Ok, let me see. Oh, it’s two hours earlier in Houston, sir. Q: When should the man call Pro.Brown?
- but/except < less than
K objective/impartial > more than :o surprise/shock = equal ☆dream/target X conflict/bad & and/as well as ∵since/because # stop/suspend ∴so/thus ∈ including !attention/importance + and ? question/issue
2、重要提示标记 • “On the other hand…” /”In contrast…”/ “Similarly…” • “On the contrary…”/”also…”/”Further…”/”Furth ermore…” • “For example…”/”As an example”/”For instance…” • “Remember that…”/”The basic concept here is…”
• 框架式笔记 A
B
E
C
F
D
G
The three largest states in the United States are Texas, Alaska and Califonia. Texas is located in the southern central part of the US and it on the border Of Mexico.Alaska is located to the northwest of canada, and California is on the western coast of the continental US.
• 篇章的听力笔记 • 分栏式笔记
对立面A 对立面B
The final exam will be comprehensive, which means you’ll be responsible for all of the subject matter we’ve covered in class. I would suggest you review your mid-term’s as well as the text book and your class notes,the final will count for 50% of your grade in the course. The research project will count for 20%, and the mid-term 30%
• 符号和缩写 Year- yr America-Am Department-Dept. Figure-fig. Economic-eco. • 拉丁语缩写：c.f.(confer)=compare i.e.(id est)=that is e.g(exempla grate)=for example no.(numero)=number etc.(et cetera)=and so on
• 信息标记
1、总起性的标记 • “There are three reasons why…”(here they come) • “First…Second…Third…”(here they come) • “And most important,…”(a main idea) • “A major development…”(a main idea again)
Final exam
% of grade
Comprehensive Subjective matter Review:mid-term text book notes
Final:50 Research pro.20% Mid-term:30%
• A Weather Report • This is Radio Station in London. At eight o’clock on Sunday, it’s time for the morning weather report. This morning it will be cloudy, but no rain today. By noon the sun will be shinning. The temperature is now seventy-two, with a high of about eighty-five for this afternoon. • Tomorrow it will be sunny. The low temperature will be sixty, with a high of eighty-six. There may be a little rain in the afternoon.