洛阳市2019——2020学年高三一练试卷及答案
【期末试卷】2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考卷）笔试部分附参考答案
【期末试卷】2019-2020学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（新高考卷）笔试部分附参考答案按秘密级事项管理★启用前2019-2020 高一上学期期末考试英语试卷(新高考卷)注意事项:1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AArtificial intelligence (AI) is practically everywhere today. There are so many products out there which use AI. Some are being developed, some are already in use, and some failed and are being improved, so it’s very difficult to name a few of them and regard them as the best.ViIt is an AI personal trainer which is mainly concerned with fitness and coaching. It, however, requires the use of bio-sensing earphones and other fitness tracking equipment (设备)! It can play your favourite music while you work out and all you have to worry about is the exercise you’re doing.Deep TextDo you ever wonder how an ad appears suddenly just whenyou are looking for something similar? This is because of Deep Text. It uses real-time consumer (消费者) information to produce data which in turn is used to target consumers. Thus, if you search online for flight tickets from Bangalore to Delhi, it is very likely that an ad relating to hotels in Delhi will soon follow.Hello EggIf you live alone and miss your mother because you always miss your breakfast or don’t know what to eat for dinner, the n Hello Egg is exactly what you are looking for. A very healthy choice of the 2-minute noodles and oats, Hello Egg provides you with a detailed weekly meal plan about the needs of your body. It is truly a modern AI-powered home cooking tool for the young.WordsmithYou can put Mr. Smith into your Microsoft Excel using their free API, and let it write up detailed analysis (分析) of the stories behind your numbers. It can produce detailed reports on thousands of pages of spreadsheets in seconds.1.What can we learn about Vi from the text?A. It is an AI music player.B. It is a bio-sensing earphone.C. It doesn’t work without bio-sensing earphones.D. It can make you more energetic while you work out.2. Which can help you improve cooking skill?A.Hello Egg.B.Deep Text.C.Vi.D.Wordsmith.3. What can Wordsmith do for us?A.Produce a detailed report.B.Book a ticket ahead of time.C.Provide us with a detailed meal plan.D.Offer us information on hotels for traveling.BA couple in their 60s has travelled 12,000 miles across 16 countries from Britain to China — riding their bikes the entire way. Grandparents Peter and Chris stepped on the long journey after deciding to “do something a bit different”. They traversed (横穿) cities, deserts, mountains and everything in between across Europe, the Middle East and the East Asia. The married couple of 37 years enjoyed themselves with delicious local food and spent most nights inside a tiny tent put up wherever they could find shelter.Peter, 66, said the moment they finally had a look at the famous Great Wall after a year and a half of cycling 30 miles a day was “really exciting”. At the end of their journey, the special pair didn’t fly home but instead choose to book a cabin (舱) inside a 400m-long container ship. The final part was a three-week voyage from Singapore across the Indian Ocean and into the Mediterranean Sea before arriving at Southampton.“You never know what the day is going to bring. All you know is that you aregoing to get on your bike and cycle. Every day is an adventure and every day is new. Overall, the experience is absolutely unbelievable, ” Peter said.Peter and Chris initially set out to cycle from Britain in January 2017 but were forced home. They had cycled all the way to Hungary when Peter slipped on tiles and broke his leg. After seven months of recovery, the couple set out again in Britain. They finally arrived in China in November 2018.Both Peter and Chris agreed that the best part of the entiretrip was coming across the kindness of strangers along the way, many of whom invited the couple for food and drink. Chris, 64, said, “It was a wonderful experience, particularly wonderful because of the amazing people we met along the way.”4.What’s the couple’s purpose of taking the long journey?A.To try something new.B.To break the world record.C. To go across 16 countries by bike.D. To celebrate their 37-year marriage.5. How did the couple go back to their home after the trip to China?A. By cycling.B. By train.C. By plane.D. By sea.6. Why did the couple put off their trip in 2017?A. Peter had an accident.B. They ran out of their money.C. They met with a heavy snow.D. Peter fell ill suddenly in Hungary.7. What’s the best part of the trip for the couple?A. The beautiful scenes.B. The help from others.C. The delicious food and drink.D. The kindness from other cyclists.CHundreds of thousands of lives were saved in 2017 alone because of the improvement of the environment, according to a new research. Fine particle pollution declined rapidly following the new rules on industrial emissions and the promotion of cleanfuels, according to the study, published on Monday in the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The study, which focused on the period from 2013-2017, was conducted by a group of Chinese researchers and scientists.PM2.5, as this kind of pollution is known, is so small that it can enter the bloodstream, potentially leading to cancer, stroke and heart attack in the long term. After rapid industrialization and weak regulations left the country with a reputation for smog and bad air quality, Chinese authorities started to take air pollution seriously in 2008.In 2013, Beijing had PM2.5 concentrations 40 times higher than levels recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), and the governmentintroduced its toughest-ever clean air policies that year. The study found “signif icant declines” in PM2.5 levels across China from 2013-2017, with new standards for thermal power plants and industrial boilers, the replacement of old factories, and new emissions rules for vehicles. The authors say this “confirms the effectiveness of Chi na’s recent clean air actions.”These recent actions have seen Beijing fall out of the top 100 most-polluted cities in Asia in recent years, with the pollution levels 10% lower across Chinese cities between 2017 and 2018, according to a report by Greenpeace and AirVisual. Shanghai, the country’s largest city and financial capital, has also made environmental advances, such as adopting strict recycling regulations. Public pressure has been the driving force of pollution policy in China.Air pollution is a global issue, and India is now home to 22 of the 30 most polluted world cities, according to the Greenpeace and AirVisual report. In the US, a recent study said air pollutionwas linked to more than 107,000 deaths in 2011 and cost the country $866 billion.8. What saved many lives in China?A. China’s clean air policies.B. The increased particle pollution.C. The study by researchers.D. The reduction of the clean fuels.9. Why did PM2.5 cause many diseases?A. It was called smog.B. It made the air cleaner.C. It went into the blood.D. It had a bad reputation.10. When did Chinese government decide to treat the pollution?A. In 2008.B. In 2013.C. In 2017.D. In 2018.11. What did people in Shanghai do to protect the environment?A. They built the thermal power plants.B. They stopped using industrial boilers.C. They made Shanghai financial capital.D. They tried to recycle some rubbish.DIn the 1994 film Forrest Gump, there’s a famous saying, “Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you’re gonna get.” The surprise is part of the fun. Now blind box toys are bringing the magic of surprise to online shopping.A blind box toy is hidden inside uniform packaging(包装) butinvisible from the outside. You don’t know what will be inside, although the toys typically come from pop culture, ranging from movies to comics and cartoons.Blind boxes have caught on since they were first introduced from Japan to China in 2014. According to a 2019 Tmall report, the mini-series of Labubu blind box. designed by Hong Kong -born Kasing Lung, was named Champion of Unit Sales with 55,000 sold in just 9 seconds during the Singles Day shopping event. Most customers for blind boxes are young people aged 18 to 35.According to The Paper, blind box toys are popular in part because of their cute appearances. The typically cute cartoon figurines (小塑像) come in miniature (微型的) sizes, making them suitable for display almost anywhere.Even if blind boxes are not their top choice for decorations(装饰品), the mystery and uncertainty of the process also attracts people. It’s the main reason why people buy blind boxes one after another.“Fear of the unknown is always a part of the box-opening process,” said Miss Cao, 24, who lives and works in Shenyang. Speaking to Sina News, she said: “Until you open all the boxes, you cannot know what it is inside.”Opening a blind box is a delightful little surprise for our mundane daily lives, something small but fun to wait for each day, week or month. When people open this simple little box, they may be disappointed, but the uncertainty is part of the fun. People will open more blind boxes and hope for a better outcome.When someone re-makes Forrest Gump, don't be surprised if he says, “Life is like a blind box.”12.What feature of blind boxes attracts people?A.They often get toys designed by famous artists.B.They don’t know what they’ve got until they open them.C.They can learn about pop culture from the packaging.D.They can experience the excitement of online shopping.13.Why does Miss Cao love blind box toys?。
2019-2020学年淮安市第一中学高三语文第一次联考试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年淮安市第一中学高三语文第一次联考试卷及答案解析一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面作品，完成下面小题。
那个冬天我走进地坛在读到《我与地坛》时候，我正醉心于《莎士比亚全集》，脑海中不由自主地跳出了《哈姆雷特》中那句著名的独白——“生存还是死亡？这是一个问题。
”在我当时的感觉中，这句话正可以来概括《我与地坛》中主人公面对的困境。
虽然两部作品的主角——受了欺骗的王子和落魄无助的残疾人——所身处的时代地域及面对的难题有着巨大差异，但当事人那种被逼迫到濒临极限的感受，应该是相近相通的。
《我与地坛》对我的触动是那样强烈。
我记得我把刊发作品的那一册杂志抓在手里，郑重地摩挲着相关的几个页面。
我想到儿童时期的高尔基，每当读到一本喜欢的书，就将书页对着阳光看，以为其中一定藏着感动人的奥秘。
我专门骑车去了一次地坛公园。
冬日的寒冽中，我用了半天时间，走过整个公园，每隔一会儿，就要擦拭一下被嘘出的热气弄模糊了的眼镜片。
虽然过去也来过，但此次它大不一样了，只因为被史铁生描写过，便仿佛成了一个全新的地方。
我寻找作品里描写过的那些场所，想象他的轮椅曾经停在什么位置，哪里是歌唱家练嗓子的地方，那对从中年慢慢地变为老年的夫妻，每天散步时是从哪个门进入公园。
在漫长的日子里，作者史铁生坐在轮椅上，望着面前的空旷和静谧，思考他的苦难和命运，他的活着的理由，他可能的救赎之路。
对于他，这注定是一个无法摆脱但又必须厘清的纠缠。
二十一岁那年，命运就判决他下肢瘫痪，只能终身坐在轮椅上，死亡之日才是解脱之时。
时时刻刻，他体验着一种面临绝境的、即将被吞噬的感觉，仿佛一只脚踏在悬崖边缘松动的碎石上，仿佛面对剃刀寒光闪闪的锋刃。
史铁生的最初反应，与处于类似境遇的其他人没有什么不同：凭什么是我，来承受这样的苦难？但这样的情绪并无助于改变这一个坚硬的事实。
无奈中他只能平静下来，努力让自己思考，试图弄明白一些事情。
时间并未能平复伤痛，但有助于让他认识伤痛。
河南省九师联盟2019-2020学年高三10月质量检测英语试题及答案解析
河南省九师联盟2019~2020学年高三10月质量检测英语试题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息；2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。
第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解Dance ClassesBalletBallet teaches grace, posture(姿势) and flexibility. Students focus on the use of proper ballet itemsc物品),expanding their knowledge of classical ballet techniques and improving motor skills for classicai ballet practice.The class is a formal ballet class.Age 8-10September 7, 2019-May 16, 202010:30 am-12:00 am on SaturdayCreative MoversStudents can explore creative movement, balance, focus, the development of skills, motor planning and balance. The class helps build strength, flexibility and self-confidence, and allows children to realize expression in a positive and encouraging environment. Children use their imagination to celebrate movement and have lots of fun.Age 3-5September 7, 2019-January 18, 20209 : 00 am-9 : 45 am on SaturdayJazzJazz includes movements from both classical ballet and dance techniques. This class will focus on traditional iazz dance. Students will be introduced to jazz-style thythms and movements. In order to ensure proper placement for your child, we invite all students to participate in a sample(示例) class. Students and parents work with program staff to meetstudents' personal dance goals.Age 5-6September 7, 2019-May 16, 20202 : 00 pm-3 : 00 pm on SaturdayHip HopStudents will be introduced to several different aspects of hip hop dance including popping, locking,breaking and tutting in a high-energy environment. Our hip hop instructors are highly knowledgeable and will brovide students with a wonderful view of hip hop dance.Age 7-10September 7, 2019-May 16, 20201 : 00 pm-2 : 00 pm on Sunday1．Which class is suitable for 4-year-old children?A．Ballet. B．Creative Movers.C．Hip Hop. D．Jazz.2．What can students do in the jazz class?A．Make use of all the ballet items. B．Learn the long history of jazz. C．Dance with famous modern jazz dancers. D．Get to know jazz-style movements. 3．What is special about the hip hop class'?A．It is open in the afternoon. B．It is available on Sunday.C．It teaches traditional dances. D．It has the most skilled teachers.Nhon Ly, a 55-year-old Vietnamese-born professional bodybuilder from California has been awarded the “real-life Master Roshi" for his unbelievable similarity to the popular Dragon Ball Z anime( 日本动漫) character.Ly certainly doesn't look like any other typical 55-year-old man. In fact, he looks a lot better than most guys in their 20s, with his lean(瘦且健康的), strong muscles and youthful attitude. But he's absolutely not the only 50-something man who has the strong muscle in the world. What really sets Nhon Ly apart from all the rest is his unbelievable similarity to Dragon Ball Z character Master Roshi, also known as the Turtle Hermit, in his "final form". And he apparently liked the comparison so much that he even set his Instagram handle as@master_ roshi_ real_ life.According to Madness Media , Ly immigrated to the United States in 1980, at the age of16. He got a job as a pedicurist(修脚师) at a nail salon, and worked his way up to salon owner. Although he has achieved so much, bodybuilding has always been his biggest love. He has competed in several professional bodybuilding events, with his most notable results being the 4th place at the 2011 US Championship, the 7th place at the 2012 edition ,and the 5th place at the 2015 Nationals.Even at 55, Nhon Ly continues to train hard in the gym in order to keep his Master Roshi look. He also likes to share photos and videos with his 40,000 fans, many of whom are Dragon Ball Z fans. They routinely post a large quantity of comments, thanking him for training Goku, who is the main character in Dragon Ball media, and asking him to train them in the art of bodybuilding.4．Why is Nhon Ly called "real-life Master Roshi"?A．He looks extremely similar to Master Roshi.B．He is quite good at training people like Goku.C．He has the same life stories as Master Roshi.D．He holds a special attitude to Dragon Ball Z.5．How does Nhon Ly feel about his "new name"?A．He finds it typical yet silly. B．He thinks it can be popular.C．He is fond of it very much. D．He considers it embarrassing. 6．Which of the following words can best describe Nhon Ly?A．Confident and wealthy. B．Creative and ambitious.C．Athletic and hardworking. D．Healthy and generous.7．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Success Comes From Continuous Efforts and DreamsB．Great Achievements of an Old but Still Positive AthleteC．Unbelievable Life Experiences of an Anime CharacterD．A 55-year-old Man Is Known for Looking Like Master RoshiIt seems we're always being told to get more sleep. Studies suggest spending less time on sleep can lead to obesity(肥胖) and even cancer. You might even find yourself with a head full of false memories. But rarely does science explore the dark side of sleeping too much. That's because few of us in today's busy world have the luck of exploring that option.In an August 2018 study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association,researchers researched the sleep patterns of those“fortunate”few and found they may not be so lucky after all. In fact, they found people who get more than eight hours of sleep have greater health risk compared to those who sleep together less than seven hours. What's more,sleep-aholics-those who manage to get 10 hours a night-stand a 30 percent higher chance of dying compared to the seven-hour crowd.The wide-ranging global study involved(涉及) more than three million people whoself-reported on their sleep habits and came to an eye-opening conclusion: If you tend to sleep a lot, you may want to buy an alarm clock. As with all things in life, sleep is best taken in moderation（适度）.You may be thinking: What if I only sleep in on Saturday and Sunday, am I still at risk? The answer is yes, according to a 2019 study published in Current Biology. Researchers discovered that even if a person sleeps more than seven hours on the weekends but still sleeps less than that on weeknights, they are at risk of gaining weight and developing sensitivity to insulin, which controls the level of sugar in blood.For the study, 36 participants were divided into three groups that each had a different sleep schedule: nine hours every night, five hours every night, and five hours from Monday to Friday and sleeping much on weekends. People who get too much sleep tend to feel tired and lack energy. Also, both sleep-deprived（睡眠不足的) groups consume more food and gain weight.8．Why is the harmful effect of sleeping too much seldom studied?A．Few people have time to sleep too much. B．Lack of sleep causes much more harm. C．It turns out to be a healthy sleep pattern. D．People's health has nothing to do with it. 9．What does the underlined words "those 'fortunate' few" in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Those leading a relaxing life. B．Those getting too much sleep. C．Those with less time to sleep. D．Those with no sleep problems. 10．What can be learned from the 2019 study?A．Sleeping much is particularly beneficial to hungry people.B．Many people sleep more on weekends than on weekdays.C．An alarm clock of high quality is important for good sleep.D．People who sleep much only on weekends also have health risk.11．What is the main idea of the text?A．It is necessary to save enough time for sleep.B．Too much sleep can result in gaining weight.C．Sleeping too much does harm to people's health.D．People can avoid sleeping much by eating healthily.A society that lives by the plastic fork may very well die from it. That's how things are looking. Anyway,for a world so used to disposable（一次性的）habits, any hope for a solution(解决方案) also increasingly seems to be buried.Sure, there have been some hopeful ideas. Boyan Slat, the Dutch inventor developed a plan for Covering the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Not long after it started, Slat's system experienced "material fatigue(疲劳)"-likely the result of being strained(使受到压力) by all that trash-and the task was delayed.AlI the while, the plastic increases. Its growth is very fast, according to Linda Wang, a professor of chemical engineering at Purdue University. She says, "We'II have more plastic than fish by 2050. " Yet Wang, along with other researchers at Purdue, may have a solution not only to this plastic problem, but also to the growing need for clean energy. Her team has developed a system that turns waste, a durable, lightweight material that accounts for about a quarter of all plastic waste, into a highly pure form of gasoline.Publishing their findings in the journal Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, the scientists state that instead of making plastic go away, they can break it down and reuse it, using chemistry to destroy what chemistry brought to the world when plastic was developed back in 1907.The process uses "supercritical" water-heated to around 450 degrees celsius(842 degrees Fahrenheit),beyond the key point at which distinct liquid and vapor phases(气液态) exist-to boil plastic waste into an oil,the researchers explain. It takes a couple of hours for the supercritical water to complete the transformation, but the result is a kind of oil that can be used as gasoline or fuel. It can also be turned into other products.The researchers have only made the transformation in a laboratory setting so far, but they suggest turning the process to a commercial scale（规模）may not be far off. And considering the 300 million tons of plastic into the environment every year, that day can't come soon enough. But it will come in time.12．Why is the plastic fork mentioned in paragraph l?A．To indicate the hopeless future of human life.B．To figure out the solution to reducing plastics.C．To show the seriousness of the plastic problem.D．To tell people to give up an unhealthy lifestyle.13．What can we know about Slat's system?A．It proves harmful to the Pacific.B．It has been abandoned completely.C．It has received many people's opposition.D．It met with difficulty while being carried out.14．What is the advantage of Wang's system?A．It can save fish in the ocean.B．It can recycle and reuse plastic.C．It can surely lower the prices of gas and fuel.D．It can make plastic products more affordable.15．What is the author's attitude towards Wang's system?A．Hopeful. B．Disapproving.C．Cautious. D．Uncertain.二、完形填空There are so many spring festivals around the country centered on gardening, bluegrass, wine and food, or Earth Day. But if you visit western Colorado's Grand Valley, you'll see a festival 16 to sharing. Congregants（集会者）of more than 100 area churches have decided to 17 what they believe in.Called ShareFest, the event brings volunteers from different 18 for a busy but 19 weekend of house repair, painting, gardening and more. The idea was 20 put forward by a group of pastors（牧师）in central Arkansas and was finally 21 by First Presbyterian Colorado churches in 2007. A group of people from church decided to offer 22 to a local school. Teachers needed desks washed and other work done. And so it began.Churches have been 23 flyers(传单) in their area over the past several months so that people in need can either post their 24 for help on a central website or call the team for 25 . Teams of church members "adopt" neighborhoods or organizations to help with those wishes. Project leaders then visit to 26 what materials and time are needed.Past 27 included everything from making the bed for an elderly woman to painting a building, which required 30 gallons of paint. Local businesses 28 materials. Participants don't have to be big and strong-or even 29 . In past years, five-year-olds picked up leaves in neighbors' yards. Seniors created care packages for college 30 with blue books for tests and other 31 that could help them through finals.The two-day event 32 with a prayer and a cheer. Then Saturday morning, volunteers 33 the streets and homes around the town, starting doing voluntary work.People come together to make a corner of the world a bit 34 . What a great way t0 35 spring!16．A．exposed B．contrary C．opposite D．committed 17．A．praise B．challenge C．practice D．correct 18．A．companies B．churches C．schools D．gardens 19．A．meaningful B．sensitive C．relaxing D．tiring 20．A．gradually B．eventually C．originally D．regularly 21．A．accepted B．supposed C．assessed D．adj usted 22．A．inspiration B．help C．advice D．encouragement 23．A．seeking B．throwing C．sweeping D．distributing 24．A．struggles B．responsibilities C．requests D．excuses 25．A．communication B．comprehensionC．circulation D．registration26．A．predict B．bargain C．recognize D．determine 27．A．conclusions B．expectations C．serwces D．experiences 28．A．donated B．defended C．exchanged D．consumed 29．A．peace-loving B．grown-up C．kind-hearted D．new-born 30．A．visitors B．students C．professors D．workers 31．A．supplies B．decorations C．presents D．awards 32．A．breaks down B．goes away C．kicks off D．catches on 33．A．make B．put C．rob D．hit 34．A．greener B．better C．nearer D．faster 35．A．celebrate B．describe C．occupy D．discover第II卷（非选择题）三、七选五Our world is more connected than ever before thanks to technology. 36．. Indeed, it is becoming increasingly important that we all learn how to deal with this painful feeling.You should be determined to actively end your loneliness. We often end up passively waiting for someone else to make us feel less lonely. You may feel that your loneliness indicates that nobody is willing to connect with you. And there is nothing you can do about it. But that is far from the truth.37．.You should find reasons why you are lonely. We all feel lonely for different reasons. Some of us have no one else to interact(互动) with on a consistent basis and that's why we feel lonely. You may feel that the people in your life don't share your thoughts and ideas.38．, you need to identify it. And you know exactly how to handle your loneliness.39．. People who are lonely tend to fall into destructive mental habits. They try to avoid the pain of not being understood and being disconnected by not giving people any chance to understand and connect with them.That's not what you should choose to do. Instead, you should share your thoughts and feelings with others and do so openly and fearlessly.You should find people who share your interests. 40．, everybody is interested in something.And just as there are many interests, there are many people who share those interests. Find what interests you and connect with others on that basis.A．Whatever the reason isB．Whether it's coin collecting or video gamesC．If you have no reason to share your interestsD．You should be true to yourself or actively end lonelinessE．You should be open about your thoughts, ideas and desiresF．Ending loneliness is something that you can and should do activelyG．However, more and more of us find ourselves having to stand loneliness四、语法填空If you have ever taken a handwritten prescription from a doctor or looked at the notes from your visit, it seems like no amount of squinting(眯眼) could help the letters get clearer.Bad handwriting almost seems like a41．(require) for graduating from medical school. But it's not the fact42．0nly people with bad handwriting43．(attract) to the medical field. If so, why does it happen to doctors?“In the medical field, if it's not documented, it44．(actual) didn't happen," says Celine Thum, MD, medical director at ParaDocs Worldwide. Anything you talk about behind closed doors needs written evidence for your medical history. Doctors have to write more than any other employee, for 45．they can hardly write letters clearly.Long days plus tons of writing leads46．a very tired hand. If doctors could spend an hour47．(deal) with every patient, they might be able to slow down and give their48．(hand)a rest. But the truth is that most physicians are rushing around to the next patient. With so many patients to see in a49．(limit) time, doctors are50．(concerned) about getting the information down than perfecting their handwriting.五、短文改错51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
2019-2020学年洛阳市第二中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年洛阳市第二中学高三英语第四次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASheffieldLincoln College of EnglishClasses for foreign students at all levels.3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course.Open all year.Small class (at most 12 students).Library, language laboratory and listening center.Accommodation (住宿)with selected families.25 minutes from London.Course fees for English for one year are￡1,380 with reduction for shorter periods of study.1.This passage is probably taken from _______.A.an advertisementB.a noticeC.a posterD.a piece of news2.Who will be accepted by this college?A.Both foreign and native students.B.Only foreign beginners and the advanced.C.Foreign students from beginners to the advanced.D.Only foreign students advanced.3.While you stay there, who will take care of you?A.Your parents.B.Your classmates.C.The school where you study.D.The family you have chosen.BMark Twain,the famous American writer,was once traveling in France.He went by trainto Dijon.He was very tired and wanted to sleep.He therefore asked the conductor to wake him up when the train came to Dijon.But first he explained he was a very heavy sleeper,“I may possibly protest(抗议)loudly when you try to wakeme up,” he said to the conductor.“But don’t take any notice of what I say.Just put me off the train anyway.”Then Mark Twain went to ter,when he woke up it was night time and the train had reached Paris already.He realized at once that the conductor had forgotten to wake him up at Dijon.He was so angry that he ran to the conductor and began to shout at him.“I have never been so angry in my life,” Mark Twain said.The conductor looked at him calmly(平静地).“You are not half so angry as the American whom I put off the train atDijon,” he said.4. Mark Twain knew that he was a heavy sleeper,so ________.A. he protested loudly to the conductorB. he did not sleep before he arrived inDijonC. he told the conductor to wake him up no matter how loudly he might protestD. he slept lightly that time5. The conductor didn’t wake up Mark Twain atDijonbecause ________.A. he didn’t take Mark Twain’s words seriouslyB. he forgot Mark Twain’s words when the train came toDijonC. he did not want to bear his protestD. he mistook another American traveler for Mark Twain6. The American whom the conductor put off the train ________.A. did not want to get off atDijonB. wanted to get off atParisC. wanted to get off atDijonD. did not want to get off atParis7. Which of the following is TRUE?A. The conductor didn’t take Mark Twain’s words seriously.B. The conductor did take Mark Twain’s words seriously.C. The conductor was a heavy sleeper.D. Mark Twain must get off atParis.CIt was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had beenliving there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but he had to stay in the car. He agreed.I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!”“Go away!” he shouted.“Sir,” I repeated.“Go away!” he shouted.“Why?” I asked him.He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.“Merry Christmas!” I said.“Why are you doing this?” he asked.“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left.8. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____.A. pleasedB. worriedC. disappointedD. surprised9. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car?A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave.B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad.C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt.D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad.10. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____.A. quite angryB. very excitedC. quite puzzledD. very curious11. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____.A. it is easier said than doneB. poverty is the mother of healthC. where there is a will, there is a wayD. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is askedDThere are 195 countries in the world today but almost none of them have purple on their national flag. So what’s wrong with purple? It’s such a popular color1 today. Why would no country use it in their flag? The answer is really quite simple. Purple was just for too expensive.The color1 purple has been associated with royalty power and wealth for centuries. Queen Elizabeth I forbade anyone except close members of the royal family to wear it. Purple’s high status comes from the rarity and cost of the dye (染料)originally used to produce it. Fabric traders got the dye from a small sea snail (海螺)that was only found in the Tyre region of the Mediterranean. More than 10,000 snails were needed to create just one gram of purple; not to mention a lot of work went into producing the dye, which made purple dye so expensive.Since only wealthy rulers could afford to buy and wear the color1 , it became associated with the royal family. Sometimes, however, the dye was too expensive even for royalty. Third century Roman Emperor Aurelio famously wouldn’t allow his wife to buy a scarf made from purple silk because it cost three times its weight in gold. A single pound of dye cost three pounds of gold, which equals 56,000 dollars today. Therefore, even the richest countries couldn’t spend that much having purple on their flags.The dye became more accessible to lower-class about a century and a half ago. In 1856, 18-year-old English chemist William Henry Perkin accidentally created a man-made purple compound (化合物)while attemptingto produce an anti-malaria drug. He noticed that the compound could be used to dye fabrics, so he patented the dye, manufactured it and got rich. Purple dye was then mass-produced so everybody could afford it.Till now, a handful of new national flags have been designed and a few of them have chosen to use purple in their flag. So don’t be making any bets just yet.12. Why was color1 purple expensive in the past?A. Because only royal families were allowed to wear purple.B. Because it took a long time to get purple dye from gold.C. Because purple was worth as much as its weight in gold.D. Because purple dye used to be rare and hard to produce.13. Why did Roman Emperor Aurelio forbid his wife to buy a purple scarf?A. Because of poor quality.B. Because of long tradition.C. Because of bad taste.D. Because of high price.14. What is purple's situation now?A. Purple has been widely used on national flags.B. Purple dye is now affordable to ordinary people.C. Royal family stop using purple because it’s toocommon.D. Fewer snails are used to produce purple dye than before.15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. No Purple Flags?B. Purple vs GoldC. How to Produce Purple Dye?D. The Birth of Purple Color第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年洛阳市第三中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案
2019-2020学年洛阳市第三中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAmid the coronavirus outbreak, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security recommends having at least a two - week supply of water and food.PotatoesShelf life：2 to 5 weeks if stored in a cool, dry, dark placeYukon Gold, red, and fingerling potatoes will last from two to three weeks. Larger white potatoes can last for three to five weeks. Sweet potatoes have about the same shelf life. Don't store them next to onions, however. The two might go together well in cooking, but raw, each gives off gases and moisture that might cause the other to spoil faster.Tea※Shelf life：6 to 12 months past "sell - by" dateDried tea leaves, whether loose (in a sealed container) or in teabags (in an unopened box) can easily last a year or more if they' re not subjected to damp or humidity. However, the tea does tend to lose flavor over time.Peanuts● Shelf life：1 to 2 monthsPeanuts in their shell, especially when kept cool and dry, are perfectly happy in the cupboard for as long as two months.Canned fruits and vegetables● Shelf life：1 to 2 years past "sell - by” dateCanningis an extremely efficient means of preserving food. Generally speaking, if canned foods aren't subjected to extreme heat, their contents should stay good for two years or more. Be aware, however, of dented cans or those with swollen tops, which may indicate the presence of bacteria inside.1. Which can go bad faster if stored with onions?A. Potatoes.B. Tea.C. Peanuts.D. Canned fruits and vegetables.2. What is special about tea?A. The flavor of tea can always remain the same.B. Tea leaves are better to be preserved in an open jar.C. Tea leaves should be kept away from the state of being wet.D. The maximum length of time that tea can be stored is 6 months.3. What may shorten the "sell - by” date of canned foods ?A. Shapes of cans.B. Categories of foods.C. Decline of the temperature.D. Exposure to high temperature.BSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.4. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.5. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.6. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.7. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerCWhen you think of the icy Arctic Ocean, do you picture cold blue waters, on which float (漂浮) icebergs home to animals and fish not seen elsewhere on the planet? Think again, or rather add 300 billion pieces of plastic (塑料) to your picture. That's the amount of plastic that scientists believe is floating around the Arctic Ocean. Most of the plastic is in the area to the east of Greenland and north of Scandinavia.Where did it come from? After all, the lands near the Arctic are not really full of people. It turns out that ocean currents are carrying plastic thrown into the ocean all the way to the Arctic. An ocean current is an unending movement of sea water from one point to another. It is caused by several things including heat from the Sun, wind and movement of the Earth.Many of these plastic pieces seem to have travelled for years before reaching the Arctic. This was worked out by scientists studying the plastic problem after they observed the condition of the pieces. While much plastic floats on top of the water, a lot also may be on the sea floor.Plastic has been widely used for 60 years on Earth and our careless throwing of plastic things is slowly turning the once perfectly clean Arctic into a dangerous place. Unlike food waste and plant waste, plastic doesn't breakdown so easily. In fact the United States Environment Protection Organization reports that “every bit of plastic ever made still exists”.What's the effect? Seabirds, sea turtles and other ocean creatures could get hurt and die when they accidentallyswallowplastic. Plastic waste affects fishing, affecting people who earn money through fishing. Plastics can let out dangerous poisons (毒物) into the water. These may be swallowed by fish, and when these fish are caught and eaten by people or bigger animals, they could get poisoned too!8. What can we learn from the passage?A. The Arctic Ocean is heavily polluted.B. The plastic is mostlyin the area in the east of Greenland.C. An ocean current is just caused by the movement of the earth.D. Much more plastic floats on top of the water.9. Which of the following doesn't contribute to the plastic ocean?A. Humans throw away plastic things at will.B. Ocean currents carry plastic things everywhere.C. Plastic can let out harmful things into the water.D. Plastic is hard to break down.10. What does the underlined word “swallow” in the last Paragraph mean?A. Break down.B. Take in.C. Accept.D. Touch.11. What's the best title of the text?A. Are Men to Blame for Plastic Ocean?B. Arctic Ocean and Its Future!C. Is Plastic Harmful?D. Arctic Ocean or Plastic Ocean?DLast year, 138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on roadtrips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices inSan Franciscoand other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported, someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.12. The intention of Proposition F is to ________.A. place time limits in local election.B. set limits on short-term rental.C. strike down a controversial rule.D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.13. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C. It makes the house market more competitive.D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.14. The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from ________.A. explosion of the living costB. its geographic characteristicsC. generosity of local enterprisesD. inflow of migrant population15. Theauthor’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.A. objectiveB. supportiveC. negativeD. indifferent第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年江西省高三（上）第一次大联考数学试卷2（含答案解析）
2019-2020学年江西省⾼三（上）第⼀次⼤联考数学试卷2（含答案解析）2019-2020学年江西省⾼三（上）第⼀次⼤联考数学试卷2⼀、选择题（本⼤题共12⼩题，共60.0分）1. 已知集合A ={x|y =lg(1?x)}，B ={y|y =2x +1}，则( )A. A ∩B ={x|x <0}B. A ∪B =RC. A ∪B ={x|x >1}D. A ∩B =? 2. 已知集合M ={x|?2x +1>0}，N ={x|x 12 B. a <12 C. a ≤12 D. a ≥12 3. 下列命题中的真命题是( )A. 2>5B. (?1)2<0C. 12≥5D. a 2<04. 函数f(x)=x 2?2ax +3在区间[2,3]上是单调函数，则a 的取值范围是( )A. a ≤2或a ≥3B. 2≤a ≤3C. a ≤2D. a ≥35. 函数y =lnx 2的图像可能是( )A. B.C. D.6. 设函数f (x ?2)=2x +5，则f (2)=( )A. 11B. 13C. 15D. 97. 如果log 12x x >1D. x >y >1 8. 已知x ，y ∈R ，则“x +y ≤1”是“x ≤12且y ≤12”的( )A. 充分且不必要条件B. 必要且不充分条件C. 充分且必要条件D. 不充分也不必要条件 9. 已知函数f(x)=2lnx +x 22+(5?m)x 在(4,5)上单调递增，则实数m 的取值范围是( )A. (?∞,5+2√2]B. (?∞,192)C. (?∞,5+2√2)D. (?∞,192] 10. 已知函数f(x)是定义在上的偶函数，且当x ≤0时，f(x)=log 2(1?x).若f(a 2?1)<1，则实数a 的取值范围是( )A. (?√2,0)∪(0,√2)B. (?√2,√2)C. (?1,0)∪(0,1)D. (?1,1)11. 函数f(x)={1?x 2(x <1)2?x (x ≥1),f[f(?4)]=( ) A. 12 B. 18 C. 2 D. 812.已知函数f(x)=lnx?(a+1)x，若关于x的不等式f(x)>0恰有3个整数解，则这3个整数解为()A. 1，2，3B. 2，3，4C. 3，4，5D. 4，5，6⼆、填空题（本⼤题共4⼩题，共20.0分）13.函数f(x)=1xlnx的单调递增区间是______ ．14.曲线f(x)=2?xe x在点(0,2)处的切线⽅程为______ ．15.命题“?x∈[?1,1]，x2?3x+1<0”的否定是______．16.函数的最⼤值为______，此时x=__________________．三、解答题（本⼤题共6⼩题，共70.0分）17.已知：命题p：和是⽅程的两个实根，且不等式对任意实数m∈[?1,1]恒成⽴；命题q：函数的定义域为R.若命题p是假命题，命题q是真命题，求a的取值范围．18.已知函数f(x)=a?b2x+1(a,b为常数)是奇函数，且f(1)=13．(1)求实数a，b的值；(2)若函数g(x)=(4x?1)f(x)?k有两个不同零点，求实数k的取值范围；19.已知函数f(x)=e x?x2+a，x∈R的图象在点x=0处的切线为y=bx．(1)求函数f(x)的解析式；(2)若f(x)>kx对任意的x>0恒成⽴，求实数k的取值范围．20.已知函数f(x)=x2?2ax+2，x∈[?2,3]．(1)当a=?2时，求函数f(x)的最⼤值和最⼩值．(2)求y=f(x)在区间[?2,3]上的最⼩值．21.已知函数f(x)=xlnx+ax+b在(1,f(1))处的切线为2x?2y?1=0．(1)求实数a，b的值；(2)求f(x)的单调区间．+ln(1+x)22.设函数f(x)=11+x(1)求函数f(x)的单调区间；x2+1．(2)证明：当x∈(0,1)时，f(x)<(1?ln2)x3+12-------- 答案与解析 --------1.答案：D解析：解：∵集合A ={x|y =lg(1?x)}={x|x <1}，B ={y|y =2x +1}={y|y >1}，∴A ∩B =?．故选：D ．先分别求出集合A 和B ，利⽤交集定义能求出结果．本题考查交集的求法，考查交集、并集、不等式性质等基础知识，考查运算求解能⼒，考查函数与⽅程思想，是基础题．2.答案：D解析：解：M ={x|?2x +1>0}={x|x <12}，∵M ?N ，由数轴得∴a ≥12.故选：D ．化简集合M ，利⽤数轴求解．本题考查了集合的包含关系，属于基础题．3.答案：C解析：解：∵2>5为假命题；(?1)2=1<0为假命题；12≥5为真命题a 2≥0恒成⽴，a 2<0为假命题；故选C根据实数⼤⼩的关系，可以判断A ，C 的真假，根据实数平⽅具有⾮负性，可以判断B ，D 的真假，进⽽得到答案．本题考查的知识点是命题的真假判断与应⽤，是对真假命题定义的直接考查，属于基础题，认真解答，属于送分题．4.答案：A解析：解：∵函数f(x)=x 2?2ax +3的图象是开⼝⽅向向上，且以x =a 为对称轴的抛物线故函数f(x)=x 2?2ax +3在区间(?∞,a]为减函数，在区间[a,+∞)上为增函数，若函数f(x)=x 2?2ax +3在区间[2,3]上为单调函数，则a ≤2，或a ≥3，故答案为：a ≤2或a ≥3．故选：A ．由已知中函数的解析式f(x)=x 2?2ax +3，根据⼆次函数的图象和性质，判断出函数f(x)=x 2?2ax +3在区间(?∞,a]为减函数，在区间[a,+∞)上为增函数，由函数f(x)=x 2?2ax +3在区间[2,3上为单调函数，可得区间在对称轴的同⼀侧，进⽽构造关于a的不等式，解不等式即可得到实数a 的取值范围．本题考查的知识点是⼆次函数的性质，其中根据函数f(x)=x2?2ax+3在区间[2,3]上为单调函数，判断出区间在对称轴的同⼀侧，进⽽构造关于a的不等式是解答本题的关键．5.答案：B解析：【分析】本题主要考查函数的图像．【解答】解：因为函数为偶函数，图像关于y轴对称，故排除C，D⼜函数y=lnx2在(0,+∞)上为增函数，故排除A，故选B．6.答案：B解析：【分析】本题主要考查函数的基本概念，是基础题．令x=4，代⼊解析式即可求值．【解答】解：因为f(x?2)=2x+5，令x=4，所以f(2)=f(4?2)=2×4+5=13．故选B．7.答案：D解析：【分析】本题主要考查了对数函数的单调性．利⽤底数⼩于1时，对数函数为减函数得出x，y，1的⼤⼩关系．【解答】解：log12x2y<0=log121，因为为减函数，则x>y>1．故选D．8.答案：B解析：【分析】本题主要考查充分条件和必要条件的判断，结合不等式的关系是解决本题的关键，属于简单题．根据不等式的关系，结合充分条件和必要条件的定义进⾏解答即可．【解答】解：若x≤12且y≤12”，则x+y≤12+12=1成⽴，即必要性成⽴，当x=1，y=0时，满⾜x+y≤1，但x≤12且y≤12不成⽴，即充分性不成⽴，则“x+y≤1”是“x≤12且y≤12”必要不充分条件，故选：B．9.答案：D解析：解：函数在(4,5)上单调递增，∴f′(x)=2x+x+5?m≥0，化为：m≤2x+x+5，⽽g(x)=2x+x+5在(4,5)上单调递增，∴g(x)>g(4)=192．∴m≤192．则实数m的取值范围是(?∞,192].故选：D．函数f(x)=2lnx+x22+(5?m)x在(4,5)上单调递增，f′(x)≥0，化为：m≤2x+x+5，⽽g(x)=2x+x+5在(4,5)上单调递增，即可得出最⼩值．本题考查了利⽤导数研究函数的单调性极值与最值、分离参数法，考查了推理能⼒与计算能⼒，属于中档题．10.答案：A解析：【分析】本题考查函数的奇偶性、函数的单调性，⼀元⼆次不等式的解法，属于中档题．当x≤0时，f(x)=log2(1?x)为减函数，结合偶函数f(x)满⾜f(?1)=1，可得答案．。
河南省洛阳市2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次统一考试(1月)数学(理)试题(学生版)
洛阳市2019--2020学年高中三年级第一次统一考试数学试卷(理)第Ⅰ卷（共60分）一、选择题：本大题共12个小题，每小题5分，共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知集合(){}20|M x x x =-<，{}2,1,0,1,2N =--，则M N =（ ）A. {}0,1B. {}2,1--C. {}1D. {}0,1,22.已知复数z 在复平面中对应的点(),x y 满足()2211x y -+=，则1z -=（ ）A. 0B. 1D. 23.为了节能减排，发展低碳经济，我国政府从2001年起就通过相关政策推动新能源汽车产业发展.下面的图表反映了该产业发展的相关信息:根据上述图表信息，下列结论错误的是（ ） A. 2017年3月份我国新能源汽车的产量不超过3.4万辆 B. 2017年我国新能源汽车总销量超过70万辆 C. 2018年8月份我国新能源汽车的销量高于产量D. 2019年1月份我国插电式混合动力汽车的销量低于2万辆4.已知正项等比数列{}n a 中，354a a =，且467,1,a a a +成等差数列，则该数列公比q 为（ ）A.14B.12C. 2D. 45.我国数学家陈最润在哥德巴赫猜想的研究中取得了世界瞩目的成就.哥德巴赫猜想简述为“每个大于2的偶数可以表示为两个素数的和”(注:如果一个大于1的整数除了1和自身外无其他正因数，则称这个整数为素数)，如40337=+.在不超过40的素数，随机选取2个不同的数，这两个数的和等于40的概率是（ ）A.126 B.122 C.117D.115 6.圆22 2410x y x y +-++=关于直线()300,0ax by a b --=>>对称，则12a b+的最小值是（ ）A. 1B. 3C. 5D. 97.函数()()23xx e e cos x f x x-⋅-=（e 为自然对数的底数）的大致图象为（ ）A. B.C. D.8.正三棱锥的三视图如下图所示，则该正三棱锥的表面积为（ ）A. B. 9C. 929.已知点12,F F 分别是双曲线()2222:10,0x yC a b a b-=>>的左，右焦点，O 为坐标原点，点P 在双曲线C的右支上，且满足1221 2,4F F OP tan PF F =∠=，则双曲线C 的离心率为（ ）B. 5D.17910.设()f x 是定义在R 上的函数，满足条件()()11f x f x +=-+，且当1x ≤时，()3xf x e-=-，则()27a f log =，()2 1.533,3b f c f --⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭==的大小关系是（ ）A. a b c >>B. a c b >>C. b a c >>D. c b a >>11.正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的棱长为1，点E 为棱1CC 的中点.下列结论:①线段BD 上存在点F ，使得//CF 平面1AD E ；②线段BD 上存在点F ，使CF ⊥得平面1AD E ；③平面1AD E 把正方体分成两部分，较小部分的体积为724，其中所有正确的序号是（ ） A. ①B. ③C. ①③D. ①②③12.已知正项数列{}n a 的前n 项和为1,1n S a >，且2632n n n S a a =++.若对于任意实数[]2,2a ∈-.不等式2*1()211n a t at n N n +<+-∈+恒成立，则实数t 的取值范围为（ ） A. ][(),22,⋃∞-+∞- B. ,21,(][)∞⋃+∞--C. ,12[),(]-∞⋃+∞-D. []22-,第Ⅱ卷（共90分）二、填空题（每题5分，满分20分，将答案填在答题纸上）13.平面向量a 与b 的夹角为60，且()3,0a =，1b =，则2a b += __________．14.若实数,x y 满足约束条件,4, 3,y x x y y ≤⎧⎪+≤⎨⎪≥-⎩，则2z x y=+最小值是__________．15.已知椭圆()2222:10,x y C a b A a b+=>>为右顶点.过坐标原点O 的直线交椭圆C 于,P Q 两点，线段AP的中点为M ，直线QM 交x 轴于()2,0N ，椭圆C 的离心率为23，则椭圆C 的标准方程为__________． 16.已知函数()()12,f lnx ax a x g x x=+=-，且()()0f x g x ≤在定义域内恒成立，则实数a 的取值范围为__________．三、解答题 （本大题共6小题，共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.）17.在ABC 中，角,,A B C 对应边分别为,,a b c . (1)若ABC 的面积S满足222,4c a b c a +=+==且b c >，求b 的值；(2)若3a A π==且ABC 为锐角三角形.求ABC 周长的范围.18.如图，已知四边形ABCD等腰梯形，BDEF 为正方形，平面BDEF ⊥平面ABCD ，//,1AD BC AD AB ==，60ABC ∠=︒.(1)求证:平面CDE ⊥平面BDEF ；(2)点M 为线段EF 上一动点，求BD 与平面BCM 所成角正弦值的取值范围. 19.过点()0,2P 的直线与抛物线2:4C x y =相交于,A B 两点.(1)若2AP PB =，且点A 在第一象限，求直线AB的方程；(2)若,A B 在直线2y =-上的射影分别为11,A B ，线段11A B 的中点为Q ， 求证1//BQ PA . 20.设函数()()3211232xf x ex kx kx =--+. (1)若1k =，求()f x 的单调区间；(2)若()f x 存在三个极值点123,,x x x ，且123x x x <<，求k 的取值范围，并证明:1 3 22x x x >+.21.“公平正义”是社会主义和谐社会的重要特征，是社会主义法治理念的价值追求.“考试”作为一种公平公正选拔人才的有效途径，正被广泛采用.每次考试过后，考生最关心的问题是:自己的考试名次是多少?自已能否被录取?能获得什么样的职位? 某单位准备通过考试(按照高分优先录取的原则)录用300名，其中275个高薪职位和25个普薪职位.实际报名人数为2000名，考试满分为400分.(一般地，对于一次成功的考试来说，考试成绩应服从正态分布. )考试后考试成绩的部分统计结果如下: 考试平均成绩是180分，360分及其以上的高分考生30名. (1)最低录取分数是多少?(结果保留为整数)(2)考生甲的成绩为286分，若甲被录取，能否获得高薪职位?若不能被录取，请说明理由.参考资料:(1)当2~(,)X N μσ时，令X Y μσ-=，则()~0,1Y N .(2)当()~0,1Y N 时， 2.17()0.985P Y ≤≈， 1.280.900, 1.()09()0.863P Y P Y ≤≈≤≈，1.04()0.85P Y ≤≈.请考生在第22、23题中任选一题做答，如果多做，则按所做的第一题记分.做答时，用2B 铅笔在答题卡.上把所选题目对应的题号后的方框涂黑.22.在极坐标系中，已知圆的圆心6,3C π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，半径3r =，Q 点在圆C 上运动.以极点为直角坐标系原点，极轴为x 轴正半轴建立直角坐标系. （1）求圆C 的参数方程；（2）若P 点在线段OQ 上，且:2:3OP PQ =，求动点P 轨迹的极坐标方程. 23.设函数()211f x x x =-++.(1)画出()y f x =的图象；(2)若不等式()1f x a x >-+对x ∈R 成立，求实数a 取值范围.。
2019-2020学年洛阳市第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年洛阳市第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at homewith her parents. But through working as a part-time skating instructor and restaurant server, she isn't able to earn enough to live anywhere other than home.To some degree, multigenerational households have always been a part of American life. However, the number of young adults who have been moving back in with their parents — or never leaving home in the first place — has been growing steadily.UBS Financial Services released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adultsstill living at home could be that their family doesn't want them to leave.The report shows that 74 percent of millennials (千禧一代)get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. It finds that millennials have redefined the ties that connect parents and children. Millennials see their parents as peers,friends and instructors. Nearly three quarters talked with their parents more than once a week during college. In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them.Stuart Hoffman, chief economist for the PNC Financial Services Group in theUS, said the number of young adults striking out on their own fell during the Great Recession. Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesn't necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest. He said, “They may like living at home and being able to save money.“ There's no doubt it has held back household formation and purchases of things people spend money on related to household formation and perhaps related to child-raising," Hoffman explained. "But they are probably traveling more and eating out more if they don't have a house expense or marriage. I don't know if it represents a change in moral values. But it's much more common for adult children to live in their parents’ homes because it's becoming part of the culture.1. What can we learn from the UBS Financial Services' report?A. Millennials are on good terms with their parents.B. Millennials are financially independent after college.C. Parents are unwilling to give their young adults allowance.D. Parents want their kids to stay with them forever.2. What does Hoffman think of young adults' living at home?A. It increases the consumption of household products.B. It may continue despite job growth.C. It is a sign of shift in moral values.D. It is new in American culture.3. What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?A. To introduce millennials' living habits.B. To stress the importance of financial independence.C. To explain why American young adults still live at home.D. To inform people of a social trend in theUS.BThis past year, I've found myself returning again and again to lines of poetry by Emily Dickinson. Like many people, I've needed the curing effects of reading more than ever. As scientists and psychologists will tell you, books are good for the brain and their benefits are particularly vital now.Books expand our world, providing an escape and offering novelty, surprise and excitement. They broaden our view and help us connect with others. Books can also distract us and help reduce ourmental chatter.When we hit the “flow state" of reading where we're fully lost in a book, our brain's mode network calms down. It's a network of brain that is active and gets absorbed in thinking and worrying endlessly when we are not doing anything else.There is so much noise in the world right now and the very act of reading is kind of meditation. You disconnect from the chaos around you.You reconnect with yourself when you are reading. And there's no more noise.In 2020, the NPD Group recorded the best year of book sales since 2004. Yet even as people are buying more books,many are reporting they're having a harder time getting through them. It's difficult for your brain to focus on a book when it's constantly scanning for threats to keep you alive.Our fight-or-flight response has been consistently activated.Sometimes I picture my brain as a cartoon brain with little arms and legs, fighting with a book I am holdingand screaming: “Can't you see I'm busy!” Anxiety causes our brain to produce a flood of stress,which consumes our energy and makes it harder to concentrate.Then one day in December sitting on my couch, I remembered how much I like to read"The House of Mirth" every few years around the holidays. The memory inspired me to pick up the familiar book, opened it up and started reading.I just kept going.The comfort and distraction and brain-opening experience gave me peace.So return to something familiar.4. What does the underlined part “mental chatter” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Getting lost in a book.B. Non-stop inner anxiety.C. Chatting with the author.D. Powerful network of brain.5. What do we know about reading according to the text?A. It can treat our headache.B. It can calm down the noisy people.C. It forces us to concentrate.on thinking.D. It makes us communicate with ourselves.6. Why was it difficult for people to finish reading books in 2020?A. People bought too many books.B. The books were too difficult to understand.C. People just wanted to escape from the threat.D. The life threat disturbed people's focus on books.7. Why is the author's experience mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To rid people of concern for safety.B. To present an effective reading way.C. To wake up memories of an old book.D. To recommend the book he/she reads.CThe headmaster of a primary school showed on television to support her idea that parents should “dress appropriately in daywear” when they drop off and pick up their kids from school.Kate Chisholm, head teacher atSkerneParkAcademyin Darlington, theU.K., sent a letter home asking parentsto set a better example for their children.“I have noticed there has been an increasing tendency for parents to drop off and pick up their kids from school while still wearing their pajamas (睡衣),” Chisholm wrote.“Could I please ask that when you are sending your children, you take the time to dress appropriately in daywear that is suitable for the weather conditions?”Kate Chisholm wants parents at her school to dress nicer. She appeared on British television station ITV to further explain her decision, saying she had started noticing the pajama trend had been picked up by “30 or 40” parents at school.Despite her determination to make school a nicer place to be, Chisholm admits that she can't demand that parents dress up-such as Karen Routh, 49, who wore pajamas to drop off her 8-ycar-old daughter Holly, because she was running late and didn't feel well.“I imagine there might be some people who keep up wearing pajamas for the next six months to prove a point,” Chisholm said. “I can't force people to get dressed but I will keep sending letters home in the hope that they decide to put on a pair of jeans.”Wearing pajamas in public has also become a hot issue for some schools and States in theU.S.In 2015, aFloridaschool board member insisted on a dress rule for parents who showed up in the school in sleepwear.8. The headmaster asks parents to pay attention to ______.A. the way they dressB. the relations with teachersC. the way they treat their kidsD. the clothes they buy for their kids9. How does Chisholm try to change this situation?A. Asking kids to set examples.B. Keeping them out of school.C. Sending letters to persuade them.D. Forcing them to change by laws.10. Why did Kate Chisholm appear on ITV?A. She wanted to force Karen to dress properly.B. Parents spent less time on their clothes.C. She wanted to explain her decision about the parents' dress.D. She wanted to tell us more and more parents wear pajamas to school.11. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.A. strict laws should be passed to stop pajamasB. aFloridaschool will force parents to wear jeansC. people wearing pajamas in public will be punishedD. more and more people are concerned about dressing properly in publicDIs renting clothes greener than buying them? Sustainable (可持续的) fashion expert Elizabeth Cline isn’t sure. Clothing renting is a hot new industry and businessmen are trying to attract shoppers who care about the environment. Last summer alone,Urban Outfitters, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s American EagleandBanana Republicall announced renting services – a sure sign of changing times.But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it? And if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline researched this question in a feature article for Elle, and she concluded that it’s not as sustainable as it seems.Take shipping for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented – receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.Then there’s the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it’s returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most renting services, this usually means dry-cleaning, which is a polluting process. All the renting services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene, a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutants that’s still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with hydrocarbon (碳氢化合物) alternatives, although these aren’t great either. They can produce harmful waste and air pollution if not handled correctly.Lastly, Cline fears that renting services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it’s so easily accessible. There’s something called “share-washing” that makes people have more wasteful behaviors because a product or service is shared and thus is considered more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this: advertised as a way to share rides and reduce car ownership, and yet it has been proven to discourage walking, bicycling and public transportation use.Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them into the bin after wearing them a few times, but we shouldn’t let the availability of these services make us self-satisfied. There’s an even better step – and that’s wearing what we already have.12. What do we know about Elizabeth Cline from the passage?A. She is trying to attract shoppers.B. She is an expert and journalist.C. She has created “share-washing”.D. She never rents clothes.13. Why does renting services increase people’s appetite for fast fashion?A. Because it is handled correctly.B. Because it is transported easily.C. Because it is fairly eco-friendly.D. Because it is easily accessible.14. What can we infer from the passage?A. Clothing renting became popular ten years ago.B. Consumer transportation has the largest carbon footprint.C. Renting clothes deserves further consideration.D. Uber is a good example of sharing rides.15. Which section of a newspaper does the text probably come from?A. Environment.B. Technology.C. Travel.D. Medicine.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上学期河南省八市重点高中联盟高三物理9月考试卷答案
2019—2020学年度上期八市重点高中联盟“领军考试”高三物理试题答案1.【答案】B【解析】调整飞机在空中的姿态时，飞机的大小和形状不能忽略不计，不能看做质点，选项A 错误；飞机在高空飞行，确定其位置需要建立三维坐标系，选项B 正确；观察飞机飞行速度时可以选地面为参考系，不能选摄像机为参考系，选项C 错误；“8个小时”指的是时间不是时刻，选项D 错误。
2.【答案】D【解析】第5s 内的平均速度：18m/s 18m/s 1x v t ===，故A 错误；第5s 内的位移是18m ，有：22121118m 22gt gt -=，15s t =，24s t =，解得：24m/s g =，所以第2初的速度为4m/s,02s t =，'1s t =，物体在第2s 内的位移：22011'8m 2m 6m 22x gt gt =-=-=，故B 错误。
根据G R M 2g =可得C 正确；根据R v g =可得D 错误。
3.【答案】C【解析】设射箭地点到箭靶的水平距离为x ，箭飞行时间为t ，射在箭靶上的箭与竖直方向的夹角为α，则有2tan 2x y xv x xt v gt gt yα====，由题意知x 相同，A 箭与竖直方向的夹角大，则A 箭下落的高度y 较小，因为不知A 、B 两箭在箭靶上的高度差，不能确定A 、B 两箭的射出点一定高度相同，选项A 错误；也不能确定A 箭的射出点一定比B 箭的射出点高，选项B 错误；A 箭下落的高度y 较小，则飞行时间短，水平速度x v 较大，选项C 正确D 错误。
4.【答案】B【解析】v -t 图象中图线与时间轴围成的面积等于物体运动的位移，由图可知，t 0时刻乙的位移大于甲的位移，A 错误；v -t 图象中图线的交点代表两者速度相等，B 正确；t 0时刻后，甲的速度比乙大，C 错误；v -t 图象中图线的斜率代表加速度，由图可知，开始的时候乙的加速度比甲的加速度大，D 错误。
2019-2020学年登封市第一高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年登封市第一高级中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMembership CardFighting Fit is a members-only club. When you first join, we give you a computerized card. It has your name, photo and membership number on.Please have your card with you every time you use the club. The card is for your use only, and there is a small charge to provide a new one if you lose it. Members are permitted to bring guests to use the facilities at the club.A visiting guest fee is charged for each guest.Fitness ProgramsYour Fitness Program includes a meeting with one of our skilled instructors. This will happen two or three weeks after you have joined. The instructor looks at your health, your current needs and the way you live, and organizes a program suitable for you.GymnasiumOur gymnasiums are the most modem in the area and have high quality exercise equipment. For safety reasons, you must wear sportswear and trainers while exercising, and please remember to take a small towel too. It is one of our rules that you wipe the equipment after use.There is no limit to how long you spend in the gymnasiums, but we ask you to respect other members by only spending 20 minutes on each piece of equipment. There are experienced staff helping you in the gymnasiums at any time.Locker RoomsWe have large male and female locker rooms. Please ensure that your property is kept in your locker at all times. Any belongings which are found in a locker overnight will be removed and taken to Lost Property.CafeThe Cafe offers free tea, coffee and soft drinks.Suggestion BoxMembers' suggestions are always welcome, and the suggestion box and forms can be found at reception. We try to respond within two days.1.What does the Fighting Fit Health Club provide for its members?A.A personalized program on their first visit.B.A second membership card for free.C.Help from the staff all the time.D.Certain kinds of clothes and towels.2.At the Fighting Fit Health Club, you can_.A.share your membership cardB.have free drinks in the CafeC.leave personal items in the locker for 24 hoursD.spend as long as you like on all equipment3.Where is the information most probably from?A.A news report.B.A notice board.C.A guide book.D.A reference book.BFor most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists—that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational(理性的) being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal.More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our time is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called “human nature.” The historical approach was strengthened, particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology (人类学). The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield(盾牌) behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as natural human characters. Popularly, one refers cynically（愤世嫉俗地）to “human nature” in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior asgreed, murder, cheating and lying.Another reason for disbelief about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man.4. Most philosophers believed that human nature ________.A. is the quality distinguishing man from other animalsB. consists of competitiveness and selfishnessC. is something partly innate and partly acquiredD. consists of rationality and undesirable behavior5. The traditional view of “human nature” was strongly challenged by ________.A. the emergence of the evolutionary theoryB. the historical approach to manC. new insight into human behaviorD. the philosophical analysis of slavery6. According to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings ________.A. have some characters in commonB. are born with diverse culturesC. are born without a fixed natureD. change their characters as they grow up7. The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to ________.A. emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of “human nature”B. show that the concept of “human nature” was used to justify social evilsC. prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of “human nature”D. support the idea that some human characters are inherited.CEvery day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-givingrepresents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation on the value of a gift than givers assume.Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship. In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.8. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidaysB. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they preferC. gift-givers buy improper and expensive giftsD. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts9. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.A. receive gifts in returnB. enjoy the feeling of shoppingC. help recipients to save moneyD. better relationships with recipients10. What can we learn from the passage?A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.11. Why did the author write this article?A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.DResearchers at CU Boulder have developed a wearable device that changes the human body into a biological battery. The device is stretchy(弹性的) enough that you can wear it like a ring, sport band or any other thing that touches your skin. It also taps into a person's natural heat-employing thermoelectric generators to change the body's internal temperature into electricity. "In the future, we want to be able to power your wearable electronics without having to include a battery," said Jianliang Xiao, an associate professor at CU Boulder.The concept may sound like something out of The Matrix film series, in which a race of robots have enslaved humansto harvest their precious organic energy. Xiao and his colleagues aren't that ambitious: Their devices can generate about 1 volt (伏特) of energy for every square centimeter of skin space-less volt per area than what most existing batteries provide but stillenough to power electronics like watches or fitness trackers.Scientists have previously experimented with similar wearable devices, but Xiao's is stretchy, can heal itself when damaged and is fully recyclable-making it a cleaner alternative to traditional electronics. "Whenever you use a battery, you're depleting(消耗) that battery and will, eventually, need to replace it," Xiao said. "The nice thing about our device is that you can wear it, and it provides you with constant power."Just pretend that you're out for a jog. As you exercise, your body heats up, and thatheat will radiate out to the cool air around you. Xiao's device captures that flow of energy rather than let it go to waste. "The thermoelectric generators are in close contact with the human body, and they can use the heat that would normally be sent into the environment," Xiao said.12. What does Xiao expect of his device at present?A. It will be used for medical purposes.B. It will be made smaller and wearable.C. It will change natural power into electricity.D. It will supply constant power to wearable devices.13. Why does the author mentionThe Matrixseries in the text?A. To give an explanation.B. To make a comparison.C. To introduce a topic.D. To analyze the cause.14. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A. The strengths of Xiao's device.B. The convenience of using a battery.C. The replacement of wearable devices.D. The development of traditional electronics.15. What do we know about Xiao's device from the text?A. It operates with plenty of power.B. It is designed for practical use.C. It benefits people's health in a way.D. It's based on traditional electronics.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
河南省洛阳市2019-2020学年高三上学期期中考试化学试卷和答案
洛阳市2019-2020学年高中三年级期中考试化学试卷本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分试时间90分钟第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共50分）注意事项:1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、考试科口涂写在题上。
2.考试结束，将答题卷交回。
本试卷可能用到的相对原子质量:H:1C:12n:14O:16一、选择题（本题共10小题，每小题只有一个选项符合题意，每小题分，共20分）1.中华民族为人类文明进步做出了巨大贡献，下列分析不合理的是( )A.汉代烧制出“明如镜、声如磬”的瓷器，其主要原料为黏土B.商代后期铸造出工艺精湛的后（司）母戊鼎，该鼎属于铜合金制品C.四千余年前用谷物酿造出酒和醋，酿造过程中只发生水解反应D.屠呦呦用乙醚从青蒿中提取出对治疗疟疾有特效的青素，该过程包括取操作2.下列表示物质结构的化学用语或模型图正确的是( )A.重水的化学式为H2O或T2OB.CO2的比例模型:C.H2O2的电子式:D.硅酸盐Ca2 Mg5 Si8 O22（OH）2可用氧化物形式表示为:2CaO.5MgO.8SiO2 .H2O）3.化学与生产生活密切相关，下列说法错误的是( )A.硅胶有吸水性，是常用的食品干燥剂B.医疗上常用乙醇体积分数为95％的酒精杀菌消C.聚四氟乙烯耐酸碱腐蚀，可用作化工反应器的内壁涂层D.氯水具有较强的氧化性，可用于漂白纸张、织物等4.在化学反应中，能引发化学反应的分子之间的碰撞称之为有效碰，能够发生有效碰撞的分子称为活化分子，使普通分子变成活化分子所需提供的最低能量叫活化能，其单位用k·mol表示。
下列说法不正确的是( )A.图甲中曲线Ⅱ可以表示催化剂降低了反应的活化能B.图乙中HI分子发生了有效碰撞C.盐酸和氢氧化钠溶液的反应活化能接近于零D.增大反应物浓度，单位体积内活化分子数增多，有效碰撞几率增加5.在溶液中加入足量Na2O2后仍能大量共存的离子组是( )A.K+、AlO2-、Cl-、SO42-B.Ca2+、Fe2+、NO3-、HCO3-C.NH4+、Ba2+、Cl-、NO3-d.Na+、Cl-、CO32-、SO32-6.下列离子方程式书写正确的是( )A.硫化钠水解:S2-+2H2O=H2S+2OH-B.强碱溶液吸收工业制取硝酸产生的尾气:NO2+2OH-=2NO2-+H2OC.醋酸与氨水混合:CH3COOH+NH3·H2O=CH3 COONH4+H2OD.向NaAlO2溶液中通入少量CO2:2A1O2-+CO2+3H2O=2A1(OH)3↓ +CO32-7.下列分离方法正确的是( )A.回收水溶液中的I2加入乙酸分液蒸发B.回收含有KCl的MnO2:加水溶解，过滤，干燥C.用加热蒸发结晶的方法从AlCl3溶液得到AlCl3D.除去Fe粉中混有的少量Cu粉:加入浓硝酸待无气泡产生后过滤洗涤，干燥.8.N A为阿伏伽德罗常数的值。
洛阳市2019——2020 学年高三一练试卷及答案
洛阳市2019——2020 学年高中三年级第一次统一考试历史试卷本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,全卷共8页,共100分,考试时间为90分钟。
第I卷(选择题,共48分)注意事项:1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。
3.考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
一、选择题(每题1.5分,共48分)1.有学者认为，西周政治里显然有着浓厚的贵族色彩,而“共主”名义的地方分权体制……与秦以后一统的君主“独制”格局泾渭分明。
据此可知，西周时期A.贵族宗法血缘关系有所松动B.君主对地方的掌控能力有限C.奠定中国大一统的政治基础D.中央集权与地方分权相结合2.春秋战国时期,思想家们突破了西周“天命”、“天道”的观念，无论是孔子的“克己复礼”还是韩非子的“法治”，都把视线从天上转到了人世。
这反映了当时A.社会剧变促使人们抛弃迷信思想B.君权神授的思想受到极大冲击C.时局变动促进了社会文化多元性D.政治意识适应社会变革的现实3.据统计,目前已发现出土于东汉时期的铁犁和牛耕图有50多处，分布在豫、陕、冀、晋、鲁、皖、苏、辽、内蒙、甘、新、川、贵、粤、闽等15个省区。
由此可知，东汉时期A.农业生产力水平提高B.北民南迁推广了农业技术C.牛耕技术已遍及全国D.边疆地区与内地联系密切4.唐代确立了严格的官吏致仕(退休)制度，官吏致仕的法定年龄为七十岁，或“年虽少,形容衰老者,亦听致仕”。
五品以上的官致仕，直接奏皇帝批准，六品以下则由尚书省奏皇帝批准。
这一制度A.有利于官员结构的调整B.打击了士族的垄断地位C.加重了政府的财政负担D.强化了君主集权的制度5.宋朝时期，音乐的教化功能逐渐减弱,庄严、正经的宫廷音乐逐渐让位于市井音乐(类似于流行音乐)，通俗化、面向生活的风俗画也成为当时画坛的最大亮点。
2019-2020学年洛阳市实验中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年洛阳市实验中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AObesity (肥胖症) is becoming a problem in our busy society, and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.Obesity means being very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much bodyfat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better. This is known as comfort eating.Age is another factor, as you tend (趋于) to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat less, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that ____.A. obesity does not do harm to health.B. there are more obese children than before.C. all the American children are obese.D. there are less obese children in the USA.2. According to the passage, there are ____ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six3. What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?A. How to avoid obesity.B. How to live in the busy USA.C. What illnesses are caused by obesity.D. How doctors treat heart problems.BWe have most friends at the age of 26 afterhaving spent the first quarter of our lives building up our friendship circle, new research has claimed.The research into friendship shows that our social circle peaks at 26 years and 7 months, at which we typically have five close friends. Women are most popular at 25 years and 10 months, with men hitting the highest friendship point a little later at 27 years and 3 months.The research, by Forever Friends, shows that about a third of adults meet their closest friends while at school, with about a fifth saying they meet them at work.Social networks such as Facebook and Twitter now also play a major role in building new friendship. The research points out that 25 to 34-year-olds make 22 friends via Facebook, compared to 18 to 24-year-olds who make 12, and 35 to 44-year-olds who make just four.Forever Friends' relationship coach Sam Owen says, “It is no coincidence that over a third of us meet our best friends at school. It is a key time in our lives when friendship is growing through sharing notes, giving gifts, seeing each other regularly and laughing a lot. As adults we can often forget how powerful these small things are and how the little things can make a difference."Later in life we find ourselves losing friends. Over half of us lose friendship through moving, while 36% say that over time they grow apart from close pals. Having children also causes 19% todrift away fromchildhood friends.With growing pressure being put on friendship these days, it's important to make time for our friendship.4. How many friends can a 20-year-old college student make via Facebook?A. 22.B. 18.C. 12.D. 4.5. In Paragraph 5, the author is trying to tell the readers ________.A. how important making friends isB. school time is an important period to develop friendshipC. how much has been done to keep friendshipD. that friendship is not easy to keep6. The underlined phrase "drift away from" in Paragraph 6 means ________.A. make sense ofB. make up withC. feel sorry forD. lose touch with7. This passage is mostprobably taken from ________.A. a newspaperB. an advertisementC. a textbookD. Facebook or TwitterCThe shade of a single tree can provide welcome relief from the hot summer sun. But when that single tree is part of a small forest, it creates a considerable cooling effect. According to a study published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, trees play a big role in keeping our cities cool.According to the study, the right amount of tree cover can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. And the effect is quite noticeable from neighborhood to neighborhood, even down to the scale of a single city block. “We knew that cities are warmer than the surrounding countryside, but we found that temperatures vary just as much within cities,” says Monica Turner, a professor in the department of Integrative Biology, Wisconsin-Madison University and a co-author of the study.With climate change making extreme heat events more common each summer, city planners are working on how to prepare. Heat waves drive up energy demands and costs and can have big human health impacts. One potentially powerful tool, the study's authors say, are organisms that have been around long before human civilizations could appreciate their leafy benefits. And those trees may be the secret to keeping the places we live livable.Essentially, says Turner, roads, sidewalks and buildings absorb heat from the sun during the day and slowly release that heat at night. Trees, on the other hand, not only shade those surfaces from the sun's rays, they also release water into the air through their leaves, a process that cools things down.To get the maximum benefit of this cooling service, the study found that tree cover must be more than 40 percent. In other words, an aerial picture of a single city block would need to be nearly half-way covered by a leafy green network of branches and leaves.8. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. Temperatures in cities mainly depend on their green coverage.B. People living and working in cities must plant trees in summer.C. Cities are warmer than the countryside because they don't have trees.D. An area with more trees can be cooler than the other parts within a city.9. Which of the following problems is caused by extreme heat events?A. Severe damage of city facilities.B. Serious human health problems.C. Residents' growing demands for plants.D. Unnecessary waste of energy resources.10. Why are trees crucial to cities?A. They help shade and cool the cities.B. They make urban scenery beautiful.C. They build up city cooling systems.D. They essentially block and release heat.11. What can city planners conclude from the study?A. They should publish the study in a newspaper.B. They should educate citizens to protect forests.C. They should plant trees on roads and sidewalks.D. They should cover nearly half the city with trees.DAs summer approaches, many kids and teenagers may find that they have more time in hand. One great way to make use of the extra time is to go on an adventure and travel. Clearly, I am not a naturally adventurous person, but I have found that takingthe risk and challenging myself to explore and travel to unfamiliar places can be a very rewarding experience.Because I am usually quite busy during the school year, most of my travels take place during the summer. Over the past few summers, I have hiked in the Grand Canyon, explored Niagara Falls, and camped out in upstate New York. Although these experiences are varied, they are similar in that they instill (灌输) a sense of appreciation for nature and a more balanced view on life. When I hiked in the Grand Canyon, for example, I was in awe(敬畏) of the geological influences that shaped the canyon.Adventures, of course, are not limited to hiking. There are many other choices, such as camping, volunteering in a foreign environment and travelling to different countries. In my opinion, adventures are more enjoyable with family or a few friends. There is a sense of bonding that one only gets through spending time together in outdoor adventures. For example, when I was in Boy Scouts, I often went on weekend camping trips with my friends. When I came back from a Boy Scouts camping trip, I often was eager to go outside more and explore the parks and nature around me.Next fall, I will attend college. In the meantime though, I hope to make the most of my summer to explore and travel. Now, I am planning on hiking and camping out in Maine.When I visited Maine last fall, I was amazed by how beautiful it was and the tall trees and coasts that exist, and I really hope to enjoy the beauty of nature there this summer.12. We can learn from the first paragraph about the author?A. He is an adventurous person by natureB. He likes challenging himself by travellingC. He enjoys travelling with other adventurersD He needs others’ help when going on an adventure13. Which of the following can make people’s adventure more enjoyable according to the author？A. Going to different countries.B. Going to unfamiliar places.C. Travelling withtheir family or friends.D. Travelling to distant places by themselves.14. What will the author do this summer？A. Explore Niagara Falls.B. Hike in the Grand Canyons.C. Camp out in upstate New York.D. Hike and camp out in Maine.15. Who is probably the author?A. A high school student.B. A college student.C. A friendly guide.D. A warm-hearted teacher.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年河南省南阳一中高三(下)第九次考试数学试卷(理科)
2019-2020学年河南省南阳一中高三（下）第九次考试数学试卷（理科）试题数：23，总分：1501.（单选题，5分）已知集合A={x|-3＜x＜2}，B={x|lnx＞0}，则A∩B=（）A.{-3，-2，-1，0，1}B.{1，2}C.{x|-3≤x≤1}D.{x|1＜x＜2}2.（单选题，5分）已知复数z=13+4i，则下列说法正确的是（）A.复数z的实部为3B.复数z的虚部为425iC.复数z的共轭复数为325+425iD.复数的模为13.（单选题，5分）椭圆x29+y216=1的一个焦点坐标为（）A.（5，0）B.（0，5）C.（√7，0）D.（0，√7）4.（单选题，5分）已知m=log40.4，n=40.4，p=0.40.5，则（）A.m＜n＜pB.m＜p＜nC.p＜n＜mD.n＜p＜m5.（单选题，5分）曲线y=（x3+x2）e x在x=1处的切线方程为（）A.y=7ex-5eB.y=7ex+9eC.y=3ex+5eD.y=3ex-5e6.（单选题，5分）设等差数列{a n}的前n项和为S n，若a4=11，S15=15，则a2=（）A.18B.16C.14D.127.（单选题，5分）要得到函数y=−√2sin3x的图象，只需将函数y=sin3x+cos3x的图象（）A.向右平移3π个单位长度4个单位长度B.向右平移π2C.向左平移个π单位长度4D.向左平移个π单位长度28.（单选题，5分）若5个人按原来站的位置重新站成一排，恰有两人站在自己原来的位置上的概率为（）A. 12B. 14C. 16D. 189.（单选题，5分）定义在R上的奇函数f（x）满足，当x≤0时f（x）=e x-e-x，则不等式f （x2-2x）-f（3）＜0的解集为（）A.（-1，3）B.（-3，1）C.（-∞，-1）∪（3，+∞）D.（-∞，-3）∪（1，+∞）10.（单选题，5分）过原点O作直线l：（2m+n）x+（m-n）y-2m+2n=0的垂线，垂足为P，则P到直线x-y+3=0的距离的最大值为（）A. √2 +1B. √2 +2C. 2√2 +1D. 2√2 +211.（单选题，5分）已知圆锥的母线长l为4，侧面积为S，体积为V，则V取得最大值时圆S锥的侧面积为（）A. 2√2πB. 3√2πC. 6√2πD. 8√2π12.（单选题，5分）已知点A是双曲线x2a2−y2b2=1（a＞0，b＞0）的右顶点，若存在过点N（3a，0）的直线与双曲线的渐近线交于一点M，使得△AMN是以点M为直角顶点的直角三角形，则双曲线的离心率（）A.存在最大值3√24B.存在最大值2√33C.存在最小值3√24D.存在最小值2√3313.（填空题，5分）已知向量a⃗ =（2，3），b⃗⃗ =（-1，m），且a⃗与a⃗+b⃗⃗垂直，则m=___ ．14.（填空题，5分）已知所有项均为正数的等比数列{a n}的前n项和为Sn，若a1=1，S4=a4+21，则公比q=___ ．15.（填空题，5分）二项式(x3√x )7的展开式中，x4的系数为___ ．16.（填空题，5分）已知角α∈(π，32π)，β∈(0，π2)，且满足tanα=1+sinβcosβ，则β=___（用α表示）17.（问答题，12分）在△ABC中，角A，B，C所对的边分别为a，b，c且cos2C-cos2B=sin2A--sinAsinC．（Ⅰ）求角B的值；（Ⅱ）若△ABC的面积为3√3，b= √13，求a+c的值．18.（问答题，12分）如图所示的多面体ABCDEF中，四边形ABCD是边长为2的正方形，ED || FB，DE= 12BF，AB=FB，FB⊥平面ABCD（Ⅰ）设BD与AC的交点为O，求证：OE⊥平面ACF；（Ⅱ）求二面角E-AF-C的正弦值．19.（问答题，12分）已知椭圆x2a2+y2b2=1 (a＞b＞0)的离心率e=√32，且经过点(√3，12)，A，B，C，D为椭圆的四个顶点（如图），直线l过右顶点A且垂直于x轴．（1）求该椭圆的标准方程；（2）P为l上一点（x轴上方），直线PC，PD分别交椭圆于E，F两点，若S△PCD=2S△PEF，求点P的坐标．20.（问答题，12分）设函数f（x）=ln（1+x），g（x）=xf'（x），x≥0，其中f'（x）是f （x）的导函数．（1）若f（x）≥ag（x）恒成立，求实数a的取值范围；（2）设n∈N*，比较g（1）+g（2）+⋅⋅⋅+g（n）与n-f（n）的大小，并说明理由．21.（问答题，12分）某电子公司新开发一电子产品，该电子产品的一个系统G有3个电子元件组成，各个电子元件能否正常工作的概率均为12，且每个电子元件能否正常工作相互独立．若系统G中有超过一半的电子元件正常工作，则G可以正常工作，否则就需要维修，且维修所需费用为500元．（Ⅰ）求系统不需要维修的概率；（Ⅱ）该电子产品共由3个系统G组成，设ξ为电子产品需要维修的系统所需的费用，求ξ的分布列与期望；（Ⅲ）为提高G系统正常工作概率，在系统内增加两个功能完全一样的其他品牌的电子元件，每个新元件正常工作的概率均为p，且新增元件后有超过一半的电子元件正常工作，则G可以正常工作，问：p满足什么条件时，可以提高整个G系统的正常工作概率？22.（问答题，10分）已知平面直角坐标系中，曲线C1的参数方程为{x=2cosφy=1+cos2φ（φ为参数），以原点为极点，x轴的非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C2的极坐标方程为θ=π3(ρ∈R)（Ⅰ）求曲线C2的直角坐标方程；（Ⅱ）求曲线C1与曲线C2交点的直角坐标23.（问答题，0分）已知函数f（x）=|x-1|+|2x+4|．（Ⅰ）求不等式f（x）＞6的解集；（Ⅱ）若f（x）-|m-1|≥0恒成立，求实数m的取值范围2019-2020学年河南省南阳一中高三（下）第九次考试数学试卷（理科）参考答案与试题解析试题数：23，总分：1501.（单选题，5分）已知集合A={x|-3＜x＜2}，B={x|lnx＞0}，则A∩B=（）A.{-3，-2，-1，0，1}B.{1，2}C.{x|-3≤x≤1}D.{x|1＜x＜2}【正确答案】：D【解析】：先解出B中不等式，然后根据交集的定义求解即可．【解答】：解：因为：lnx＞0，所以x＞1，故B={x|x＞1}，故A∩B={x|1＜x＜2}．故选：D．【点评】：本题考查集合的运算以及不等式的解法．属于基础题．2.（单选题，5分）已知复数z=13+4i，则下列说法正确的是（）A.复数z的实部为3B.复数z的虚部为425iC.复数z的共轭复数为325+425iD.复数的模为1【正确答案】：C【解析】：利用复数代数形式的乘除运算化简，然后逐一核对四个选项得答案．【解答】：解：∵ z=13+4i =3−4i25=325−425i，∴z的实部为325，虚部为−425，z的共轭复数为325+425i，模为√(325)2+(425)2=15，【点评】：本题考查复数代数形式的乘除运算，考查复数的基本概念，是基础题．3.（单选题，5分）椭圆x29+y216=1的一个焦点坐标为（）A.（5，0）B.（0，5）C.（√7，0）D.（0，√7）【正确答案】：D【解析】：判断椭圆的焦点坐标所在的轴，然后求解即可．【解答】：解：椭圆x 29+y216=1的焦点坐标在y轴，又因为a=4，b=3，所以c= √7，故双曲线x 29+y216=1的上焦点的坐标是(0，√7)．故选：D．【点评】：本题考查椭圆的简单性质的应用，是基本知识的考查．4.（单选题，5分）已知m=log40.4，n=40.4，p=0.40.5，则（）A.m＜n＜pB.m＜p＜nC.p＜n＜mD.n＜p＜m【正确答案】：B【解析】：根据幂函数，指数函数，对数函数的性质可得．【解答】：解：因为m=log40.4＜0，n=40.4＞1，0＜p=0.40.5＜1，所以m＜p＜n．故选：B．【点评】：本题考查了不等关系与不等式，幂函数，指数函数，对数函数的性质，属基础题．5.（单选题，5分）曲线y=（x3+x2）e x在x=1处的切线方程为（）A.y=7ex-5eB.y=7ex+9eD.y=3ex-5e【正确答案】：A【解析】：求出函数的导数，求出切线的斜率，求出切点坐标，然后求解切线方程．【解答】：解：由y=（x3+x2）e x得y'=（3x2+2x）e x+（x3+x2）e x，所以y'|x=1=7e，又x=1时，y=2e，所以所求切线方程为y-2e=7e（x-1），即y=7ex-5e．故选：A．【点评】：本题考查切线方程的求法，函数的导数的应用，是基本知识的考查．6.（单选题，5分）设等差数列{a n}的前n项和为S n，若a4=11，S15=15，则a2=（）A.18B.16C.14D.12【正确答案】：B【解析】：由S15=15，⇒a8=1，又a4=11，所以公差d=1−114=−52，即可求出a2．【解答】：解：因为S15=15(a1+a15)2=15a8=15，所以a8=1，又a4=11，所以公差d=1−114=−52，所以a2=a4-2d=11+5=16．故选：B．【点评】：本题考查了等差数列的前n项和，考查了等差数列的通项公式，属于基础题．7.（单选题，5分）要得到函数y=−√2sin3x的图象，只需将函数y=sin3x+cos3x的图象（）A.向右平移3π4个单位长度B.向右平移π2个单位长度C.向左平移个π4单位长度D.向左平移个π2单位长度【正确答案】：C【解析】：直接利用三角函数关系式的变换和平移变换的应用求出结果．【解答】：解：因为y=sin3x+cos3x=√2sin(3x+π4)，所以将其图象向左平移π4个单位长度，可得y=√2sin[3(x+π4)+π4]=√2sin(3x+π)=−√2sin3x，故选：C．【点评】：本题考查的知识要点：三角函数关系式的恒等变换，平移变换的应用，主要考查学生的运算能力和转换能力及思维能力，属于基础题型．8.（单选题，5分）若5个人按原来站的位置重新站成一排，恰有两人站在自己原来的位置上的概率为（）A. 12B. 14C. 16D. 18【正确答案】：C【解析】：分2步分析：① 先从5个人里选2人，其位置不变，有C52=10种，② 对于剩余的三人，因为每个人都不能站在原来的位置上，有2种，所以恰有两人站在自己原来的位置上包含的基本事件为10×2=20，又基本事件总数为120，代入古典概型概率公式即可．【解答】：解：根据题意，分2步分析：① 先从5个人里选2人，其位置不变，有C52=10种选法，② 对于剩余的三人，因为每个人都不能站在原来的位置上，因此第一个人有两种站法，被站了自己位置的那个人只能站在第三个人的位置上，因此三个人调换有2种调换方法，故不同的调换方法有10×2=20种．而基本事件总数为A55=120，所以所求概率为20120=16．故选：C．【点评】：本题考查了古典概型的概率求法，考查了计数原理，排列组合的知识，本题属于基础题．9.（单选题，5分）定义在R上的奇函数f（x）满足，当x≤0时f（x）=e x-e-x，则不等式f （x2-2x）-f（3）＜0的解集为（）A.（-1，3）B.（-3，1）C.（-∞，-1）∪（3，+∞）D.（-∞，-3）∪（1，+∞）【正确答案】：A【解析】：由已知求得函数解析式，再由导数研究函数的单调性，把f（x2-2x）-f（3）＜0转化为关于x的一元二次函数求解．【解答】：解：设x＞0，则-x＜0，∵f（x）是奇函数，∴f（x）=-f（-x）=-（e-x-e x）=e x-e-x，，∴当x∈R时，f(x)=e x−1e x∴ f′(x)=e x+1＞0，则f（x）为R上的单调递增函数，e x故由f（x2-2x）-f（3）＜0，得f（x2-2x）＜f（3），即x2-2x-3＜0，解得-1＜x＜3，故选：A．【点评】：本题考查函数解析式及其求法，训练了利用导数研究函数的单调性，考查数学转化思想方法，属中档题．10.（单选题，5分）过原点O作直线l：（2m+n）x+（m-n）y-2m+2n=0的垂线，垂足为P，则P到直线x-y+3=0的距离的最大值为（）A. √2 +1B. √2 +2C. 2√2 +1D. 2√2 +2【正确答案】：A【解析】：整理直线方程，找到直线过的定点Q（0，2），则点P在以oq为直径的圆上，将P到直线x-y+3=0的距离的最大值转化为圆心（0，1）到直线的距离处理即可．【解答】：解：（2m+n ）x+（m-n ）y-2m+2n=0整理得（2x+y-2）m+（x-y+2）n=0， 由题意得 {2x +y −2=0x −y +2=0 ，解得 {x =0y =2 ，所以直线l 过定点Q （0，2）．因为OP⊥l ，所以点P 的轨迹是以OQ 为直径的圆，圆心为（0，1），半径为1， 因为圆心（0，1）到直线x-y+3=0的距离为 d =√2=√2 ，所以P 到直线x-y+3=0的距离的最大值为 √2+1 ． 故选：A ．【点评】：本题考查了直线过定点问题，考查了圆的方程，点到直线的距离公式，属于中等题． 11.（单选题，5分）已知圆锥的母线长l 为4，侧面积为S ，体积为V ，则 VS 取得最大值时圆锥的侧面积为（ ） A. 2√2π B. 3√2π C. 6√2π D. 8√2π 【正确答案】：D【解析】：设圆锥的底面半径为r ，高为h ，则r 2+h 2=l 2=16，求出 V S的表达式，利用基本不等式求解即可．【解答】：解：设圆锥的底面半径为r ，高为h ，则r 2+h 2=l 2=42=16，所以VS=13πr 2ℎπrl=rℎ12≤112×r 2+ℎ22=112×162=23，当且仅当 r =ℎ=2√2 时取等号． 此时侧面积为 12×2π×2√2×4=8√2π ． 故选：D ．【点评】：本题考查几何体的体积以及侧面积的求法，基本不等式的应用，考查计算能力． 12.（单选题，5分）已知点A是双曲线 x 2a 2−y 2b 2 =1（a ＞0，b ＞0）的右顶点，若存在过点N（3a ，0）的直线与双曲线的渐近线交于一点M ，使得△AMN 是以点M 为直角顶点的直角三角形，则双曲线的离心率（ ） A.存在最大值 3√24B.存在最大值2√33C.存在最小值3√24 D.存在最小值2√33【正确答案】：B【解析】：取双曲线的渐近线方程 y =b a x ，设 M (m ，b a m) ，则 AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗=(m −a ，ba m) ，NM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗=(m −3a ，b am) ． 若存在过N （3a ，0）的直线与双曲线的渐近线交于一点M ，使得△AMN 是以M 为直角顶点的直角三角形，通过 AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗•NM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗=0 ，化简利用判别式转化求解离心率的最大值．【解答】：解：双曲线x 2a 2−y 2b 2=1(a ＞0，b ＞0) 的右顶点A （a ，0），双曲线的渐近线方程为 y =±ba x ， 不妨取 y =bax ，设 M (m ，b a m) ，则 AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗=(m −a ，ba m) ， NM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗=(m −3a ，b am) ． 若存在过N （3a ，0）的直线与双曲线的渐近线交于一点M ，使得△AMN 是以M 为直角顶点的直角三角形，则 AM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗•NM ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗=0 ，即 (m −a )(m −3a )+(b a m)2=0 ， 整理可得 (1+b 2a 2)m 2−4am +3a 2=0 ， 由题意可知此方程必有解， 则判别式 △=16a 2−12a 2(1+b 2a 2)≥0 ，得a 2≥3b 2，即a 2≥3c 2-3a 2， 解得 1＜e =ca ≤2√33， 所以离心率存在最大值 2√33． 故选：B ．【点评】：本题考查双曲线的简单性质的应用，直线与双曲线的位置关系，向量的数量积判断直线的垂直，考查转化思想以及计算能力．13.（填空题，5分）已知向量 a ⃗ =（2，3）， b ⃗⃗ =（-1，m ），且 a ⃗ 与 a ⃗+b ⃗⃗ 垂直，则m=___ ． 【正确答案】：[1]- 113【解析】：由向量的坐标运算求出a⃗ + b⃗⃗，再由两向量垂直数量积为0可得关于m的方程，即可求解．【解答】：解：∵向量a⃗ =（2，3），b⃗⃗ =（-1，m），∴ a⃗+b⃗⃗=(1，3+m)，∵ a⃗与a⃗+b⃗⃗垂直，∴2+3（3+m）=0，解得m=- 113．故答案为：- 113．【点评】：本题主要考查向量的坐标运算及数量积与两个平面向量垂直的关系，属于基础题．14.（填空题，5分）已知所有项均为正数的等比数列{a n}的前n项和为Sn，若a1=1，S4=a4+21，则公比q=___ ．【正确答案】：[1]4【解析】：利用等比数列的求和公式即可得出．【解答】：解：由题意得S4-a4=21，∴S3=21，又a1=1，∴ S3=1−q31−q=21，解得q=4或q=-5（舍），∴q=4．故答案为：4．【点评】：本题考查了等比数列的通项公式与求和公式，考查了推理能力与计算能力，属于中档题．15.（填空题，5分）二项式(x3√x )7的展开式中，x4的系数为___ ．【正确答案】：[1] 283【解析】：由二项式定理及展开式通项公式可得：x4系数为C72•(−23)2=283，得解．【解答】：解：由二项式(x−3√x )7展开式的通项公式为T r+1=C7r•x7−r•(−23x−12)r=C7r•(−23)r•x7−32r得：令7−32r=4，解得r=2，即x4系数为：C72•(−23)2=283，故答案为：283．【点评】：本题考查了二项式定理及展开式通项公式，属中档题．16.（填空题，5分）已知角α∈(π，32π)，β∈(0，π2)，且满足tanα=1+sinβcosβ，则β=___（用α表示）【正确答案】：[1] 2α−52π【解析】：直接利用三角函数的中的角的范围的应用和三角函数关系式的恒等变换及同角三角函数的应用求出结果．【解答】：解：法一：由tanα=1+sinβcosβ得sinαcosα=1+sinβcosβ，所以sinαcosβ=cosα（1+sinβ），即sin（α-β）=cosα．结合诱导公式得sin(α−β)=sin(π2−α)．因为α∈(π，3π2)，β∈(0，π2)，所以α−β∈(π，3π2)，π2−α∈(−π，−π2)．由诱导公式可得sin(α−β)=sin[2π+(π2−α)]，易知2π+(π2−α)∈(π，32π)，因为y=sinx在(π2，32π)上单调递减，所以α−β=2π+(π2−α)，即β=2α−52π．法二：由tanα=1+sinβcosβ得tanα=sinβ2+cosβ2cosβ2−sinβ2=tanβ2+11−tanβ2=tan(β2+π4)，所以tanα=tan(β2+π4)．因为α∈(π，3π2)，β∈(0，π2)，所以β2+π4∈(π4，π2)．由诱导公式可得tan（α-π）=tanα，即tan(α−π)=tan(β2+π4)因为y=tanx在(0，π2)上单调递增，所以α−π=β2+π4，即β=2α−52π．故答案为：2α−52π【点评】：本题考查的知识要点：三角函数关系式的恒等变换，函数的单调性的应用，同角三角函数关系式的应用，主要考查学生的运算能力和转换能力及思维能力，属于基础题型．17.（问答题，12分）在△ABC中，角A，B，C所对的边分别为a，b，c且cos2C-cos2B=sin2A--sinAsinC．（Ⅰ）求角B的值；（Ⅱ）若△ABC的面积为3√3，b= √13，求a+c的值．【正确答案】：【解析】：（Ⅰ）由同角三角函数基本关系式，正弦定理化简已知等式可得a2+c2-b2=ac，根据余弦定理可求cosB的值，结合范围0＜B＜π，利用特殊角的三角函数值即可求解．（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）知B=π3，利用余弦定理可得b2=a2+c2-ac，利用三角形的面积公式可得ac=12，联立可求a+c的值．【解答】：解：（Ⅰ）由cos2C-cos2B=sin2A-sinAsinC，得sin2B-sin2C=sin2A-sinAsinC．由正弦定理，得b2-c2=a2-ac，即a2+c2-b2=ac，所以cosB=a 2+c2−b22ac=ac2ac=12．因为0＜B＜π，所以B=π3．（Ⅱ）由（Ⅰ）知B=π3，∴b2=a2+c2-2accosB=a2+c2-ac．①又S=12acsinB=3√3，∴ac=12，②又∵ b=√13，∴据① ② 解，得13=（a+c）2-3ac=（a+c）2-3×12，∴a+c=7．【点评】：本题主要考查了同角三角函数基本关系式，正弦定理，余弦定理，特殊角的三角函数值，三角形的面积公式在解三角形中的综合应用，考查了计算能力和转化思想，属于中档题．18.（问答题，12分）如图所示的多面体ABCDEF中，四边形ABCD是边长为2的正方形，ED || FB，DE= 12BF，AB=FB，FB⊥平面ABCD（Ⅰ）设BD 与AC 的交点为O ，求证：OE⊥平面ACF ； （Ⅱ）求二面角E-AF-C 的正弦值．【正确答案】：【解析】：（Ⅰ）证明DE⊥AC ，在△EOF 中，利用勾股定理证明OE⊥OF ，然后证明OE⊥面ACF ．（Ⅱ）以D 为原点，DA ，DC ，DE 方向建立空间直角坐标系，求出面AEF 的一个法向量，面AFC 的一个法向量，设θ为二面角E-AF-C 的平面角，利用空间向量的数量积求解即可．【解答】：（Ⅰ）证明：由题意可知：ED⊥面ABCD ， 从而Rt△EDA≌Rt△EDC ，∴EA=EC ，又O 为AC 中点， ∴DE⊥AC ，在△EOF 中， OE =√3，OF =√6，EF =3 ， ∴OE 2+OF 2=EF 2，∴OE⊥OF 又AC⋂OF=O ， ∴OE⊥面ACF ．（Ⅱ）解：ED⊥面ABCD ，且DA⊥DC ，如图以D 为原点，DA ，DC ，DE 方向建立空间直角坐标系，从而E （0，0，1），A （2，0，0），C （0，2，0），F （2，2，2），O （1，1，0） 由（Ⅰ）可知 EO ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗=(1 ，1，-1）是面AFC 的一个法向量， 设 n ⃗⃗=(x ，y ，z ）为面AEF 的一个法向量，由 {AF ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗•n ⃗⃗=2y +2z =0AE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗•n ⃗⃗=−2x +z =0 ，令x=1得 n ⃗⃗=(1 ，-2，2）．设θ为二面角E-AF-C 的平面角， 则 |cosθ|=|cos ＜EO ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗，n ⃗⃗＞|=|EO⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗n ⃗⃗||EO⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗|•|n ⃗⃗|=√33，∴ sinθ=√63． ∴二面E-AF-C 角的正弦值为 √63 ．【点评】：本题考查直线与平面垂直的判断定理的应用，二面角的平面角的求法，考查空间想象能力以及逻辑推理能力计算能力． 19.（问答题，12分）已知椭圆x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1 (a ＞b ＞0) 的离心率 e =√32 ，且经过点 (√3，12) ，A ，B ，C ，D 为椭圆的四个顶点（如图），直线l 过右顶点A 且垂直于x 轴． （1）求该椭圆的标准方程；（2）P 为l 上一点（x 轴上方），直线PC ，PD 分别交椭圆于E ，F 两点，若S △PCD =2S △PEF ，求点P 的坐标．【正确答案】：【解析】：（1）利用椭圆的离心率 e =√32 ，且经过点 (√3，12) ，列出方程组求解即可． （2）设P （2，m ），m ＞0，直线PC 的方程为 y =m−12x +1 ，与椭圆联立，利用韦达定理，推出E 的坐标，结合联立方程组 {y =m+12x −1x 24+y 2=1 求出F 点的横坐标，由S △PCD =2S △PEF ，转化求解即可．【解答】：解：（1）因 x 2a 2+y 2b 2=1 (a ＞b ＞0) 的离心率 e =√32 ，且经过点 (√3，12) ， 所以 {c a=√32(√3)2a 2+14b 2=1……………（2分） 解得a 2=4，b 2=1．所以椭圆标准方程为 x 24+y 2=1 ．………（4分）（2）由（1）知椭圆方程为 x 24+y 2=1 ，所以直线l 方程为x=2，C （0，1），D （0，-1）． …………（6分）设P （2，m ），m ＞0，则直线PC 的方程为 y =m−12x +1 ，…………………………（8分）联立方程组 {y =m−12x +1x 24+y 2=1消y 得（m 2-2m+2）x 2+4（m-1）x=0，所以E 点的横坐标为 x E =−4(m−1)m 2−2m+2 ； …………………………（10分） 又直线PD 的方程为 y =m+12x −1 ，联立方程组 {y =m+12x −1x 24+y 2=1消y 得（m 2+2m+2）x 2-4（m+1）x=0，所以F 点的横坐标为 x F =4(m+1)m 2+2m+2． …………………………（12分）由S △PCD =2S △PEF 得 12PC •PDsin∠DPC =2×12PE •PFsin∠EPF ， 则有 PC•PDPE•PF =2 ，则2−02+4(m−1)m 2−2m+2•2−02−4(m+1)m 2+2m+2=2 ，…………………………（14分）化简得 m 4+4m4=2 ，解得m 2=2，因为m ＞0，所以 m =√2 ，所以点P 的坐标为 (2，√2) ． …………………………（16分）【点评】：本题考查直线与椭圆的位置关系的应用，考查分析问题解决问题的能力． 20.（问答题，12分）设函数f （x ）=ln （1+x ），g （x ）=xf'（x ），x≥0，其中f'（x ）是f （x ）的导函数．（1）若f（x）≥ag（x）恒成立，求实数a的取值范围；（2）设n∈N*，比较g（1）+g（2）+⋅⋅⋅+g（n）与n-f（n）的大小，并说明理由．【正确答案】：【解析】：（1）将已知不等式转化为ln（1+x）≥ ax1+x恒成立，构造函数ϕ（x）=ln（1+x）- ax1+x（x≥0），求导，分a≤1，a＞1两种情况讨论，即可得解；（2）在（2）中取a=1，可得ln（1+x）＞x1+x ，x＞0，令x= 1n，则ln n+1n＞1n+1，n依次取1，2，3…，然后各式相加即得到不等式．【解答】：解：（1）已知f（x）≥ag（x）恒成立，即ln（1+x）≥ ax1+x恒成立．设ϕ（x）=ln（1+x）- ax1+x （x≥0），则ϕ′（x）= 11+x- a(1+x)2= x+1−a(1+x)2，………………………（1分）当a≤1时，ϕ（x）≥0仅当x=0，a=1时等号成立，∴ϕ（x）在[0，+∞）上单调递减，又ϕ（0）=0，∴ϕ（x）≥0在[0，+∞）上恒成立，∴a≤1时，ln（1+x）≥ ax1+x恒成立（仅当x=0时等号成立）；……………………………………..（3分）当a＞1时，对x∈（0，a-1]有ϕ′（x）＜0，ϕ（x）在（0，a-1]上单调递减，∴ϕ（a-1）＜ϕ（0）=0，即a＞1时，存在x＞0，使ϕ（x）＜0，故知ln（1+x）≥ ax1+x不恒成立．………………………．（5分）综上可知，a的取值范围是（-∞，1]．………………………………………………………………………（6分）（2）由题设知g（1）+g（2）+…+g（n）= 12 + 23+…+ nn+1，n-f（n）=n-ln（n+1），比较结果为g（1）+g（2）+…+g（n）＞n-ln（n+1）．证明如下：上述不等式等价于ln（n+1）＞12 + 13+…+1n+1，……………………………………………………………（8分）在（1）中取a=1，可得ln（1+x）＞x1+x，x＞0，…………………………………………………………（10分）．令x= 1n ，n∈N，则ln n+1n＞1n+1，故有ln2-ln1＞12，ln3-ln2＞13，…ln（n+1）-lnn＞1n+1，上述各式相加可得ln（n+1）＞12 + 13+…+ 1n+1，结论得证……………………………………………………………（12分）【点评】：本题主要考查构造函数解决不等式问题；利用导数求函数的最值，不等式比较大小，累加法的应用，属于一道综合题．21.（问答题，12分）某电子公司新开发一电子产品，该电子产品的一个系统G有3个电子元件组成，各个电子元件能否正常工作的概率均为12，且每个电子元件能否正常工作相互独立．若系统G中有超过一半的电子元件正常工作，则G可以正常工作，否则就需要维修，且维修所需费用为500元．（Ⅰ）求系统不需要维修的概率；（Ⅱ）该电子产品共由3个系统G组成，设ξ为电子产品需要维修的系统所需的费用，求ξ的分布列与期望；（Ⅲ）为提高G系统正常工作概率，在系统内增加两个功能完全一样的其他品牌的电子元件，每个新元件正常工作的概率均为p，且新增元件后有超过一半的电子元件正常工作，则G可以正常工作，问：p满足什么条件时，可以提高整个G系统的正常工作概率？【正确答案】：【解析】：（Ⅰ）用2个电子元件正常工作加上3个电子元件正常工作可得．（Ⅱ）设X为维修维修的系统的个数，则X～B(3，12)，且ξ=500X，所以P(ξ=500k)=P(X=k)=C3k•(12)k•(12)3−k，k=0，1，2，3．再求出概率，写出分布列，期望．（Ⅲ）按照原来和后来增加的原件中正常工作的个数分类讨论，利用独立重复试验的概率公式计算可得．【解答】：解（Ⅰ）系统不需要维修的概率为C32•(12)2•12+C33•(12)3=12．（Ⅱ）设X为维修的系统的个数，则X～B(3，12)，且ξ=500X，所以P(ξ=500k)=P(X=k)=C3k•(12)k•(12)3−k，k=0，1，2，3．所以ξ的分布列为所以ξ的期望为E（ξ）=0×8 +500×8+1000×8+1500×8=750．．（Ⅲ）当系统G有5个电子元件时，原来3个电子元件中至少有1个元件正常工作，G系统的才正常工作．若前3个电子元件中有1个正常工作，同时新增的两个必须都正常工作，则概率为C31• 12•（12）2•p2= 38p2；若前3个电子元件中有两个正常工作，同时新增的两个至少有1个正常工作，则概率为C32•（12）2• 12• C21•p•（1-p）+ C32•（12）2• 12p2= 38（2p-p2）；若前3个电子元件中3个都正常工作，则不管新增两个元件能否正常工作，系统G均能正常工作，则概率为C33•（12）3= 18．所以新增两个元件后系统G能正常工作的概率为38 p2+ 38（2p-p2）+ 18= 34p+ 18，于是由34 p+ 18- 12= 38（2p-1）知，当2p-1＞0时，即12＜p＜1时，可以提高整个G系统的正常工作概率．【点评】：本题考查了离散型随机变量的期望和方差，属中档题．22.（问答题，10分）已知平面直角坐标系中，曲线C1的参数方程为{x=2cosφy=1+cos2φ（φ为参数），以原点为极点，x轴的非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C2的极坐标方程为θ=π3(ρ∈R)（Ⅰ）求曲线C2的直角坐标方程；（Ⅱ）求曲线C1与曲线C2交点的直角坐标【正确答案】：【解析】：（Ⅰ）直接利用转换关系式，把参数方程极坐标方程和直角坐标方程之间进行转换． （Ⅱ）利用直线和曲线的位置关系式的应用，建立方程组，进一步求出交点的坐标．【解答】：解：（I ）依题意，曲线C 2的极坐标方程为 θ=π3(ρ∈R ) 转换为的直角坐标方程为y= √3x ．（II ）因为曲线C 1的参数方程为 {x =2cosφy =1+cos2φ （φ为参数），所以曲线的直角坐标方程为 y =12x 2 （x∈[-2，2]），联立 {y =√3x y =12x 2 解方程组得 {x =0y =0或 {x =2√3y =6 ， 根据x 的范围应舍去 {x =2√3y =6， 故交点的直角坐标为（0，0）．【点评】：本题考查的知识要点：参数方程极坐标方程和直角坐标方程之间的转换，直线和曲线的位置关系式的应用，方程组的解法和应用，主要考查学生的运算能力和转换能力及思维能力，属于基础题型．23.（问答题，0分）已知函数f （x ）=|x-1|+|2x+4|．（Ⅰ）求不等式f （x ）＞6的解集；（Ⅱ）若f （x ）-|m-1|≥0恒成立，求实数m 的取值范围【正确答案】：【解析】：（1）利用分段讨论法，去掉绝对值，解不等式即可；（2）利用绝对值不等式求出f （x ）的最小值，再把f （x ）-|m-1|≥0恒成立化为|m-1|≤3，从而求出实数m 的取值范围．【解答】：解：（1）依题意，|x-1|+|2x+4|＞6，当x ＜-2时，原式化为1-x-2x-4＞6，解得x ＜-3，故x ＜-3；当-2≤x≤1时，原式化为1-x+2x+4＞6，解得x ＞1，故无解；当x ＞1时，原式化为x-1+2x+4＞6，解得x ＞1，故x ＞1；综上所述，不等式f（x）＞6的解集为（-∞，-3）∪（1，+∞）；（2）因为f（x）=|x-1|+|2x+4|=|x-1|+|x+2|+|x+2|≥|x-1|+|x+2|≥3，当且仅当x=-2时，等号成立．故f（x）-|m-1|≥0恒成立等价于|m-1|≤3；即-3≤m-1≤3，解得-2≤m≤4；故实数m的取值范围为[-2，4]．【点评】：本题出来含有绝对值的不等式解法与应用问题，也考查了不等式恒成立应用问题，是基础题．。
河南省洛阳市2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次统考(1月)生物试题
洛阳市2019—2020学年高中三年级第一次统一考试生物试卷一、选择题1.下列有关细胞组成成分、结构或功能的叙述，错误的是（）A. 糖蛋白、糖脂、甲胎蛋白都可能是细胞膜上的成分B. 真核细胞内有的蛋白质可以与DNA或RNA分子结合C. 高尔基体形成的囊泡内包含的物质成分均为蛋白质D. 溶酶体内含有的水解酶与细胞凋亡有密切关系2.下列关于绿色植物光合作用的叙述，正确的是（）A. 光合作用过程使光能转变为ATP进而转变为糖类等有机物B. 光反应阶段在有光时进行，暗反应阶段在无光时才能进行C. 用蒸馏水对植物进行水培，植物光合作用强度会受到影响D. 给植物光合作用提供H2l8O，则在空气的CO2中检测不到18O3.莴苣种子的萌发受光照的影响，下表是交替暴露在红光和远红光下莴苣种子的萌发率（2℃下，连续lmin 的红光和4min的远红光照射，R—红光，FR—远红光）。
下列说法正确的是（）A. 该实验可以说明光是莴苣种子萌发的必要条件B. 莴苣种子萌发率的高低取决于最后一次曝光的光波长C. 莴苣种子在远红光下萌发率高，红光下萌发率低D. 延长相同方式的光照处理时间，可以提高莴苣种子的萌发率4.根据孟德尔的遗传定律，判断下列表述中正确的是（）A. 隐性性状是指生物体不能表现出来的性状B. 基因的自由组合发生在合子形成的过程中C. 表现型相同的生物，基因型一定相同D. 控制不同性状的基因的遗传互不干扰5.下列关于生物变异的说法，错误的是（）A. 基因突变即基因的碱基数目或排列顺序发生改变B. 雄蜂的—个精原细胞进行减数分裂可产生2个正常精子C. 联会时的交叉互换，实现了染色体上等位基因的重新组合D. 果蝇棒状眼的形成是染色体某一片段增加引起的6.生物进化是指一切生命形态发生、发展的演变过程，下列叙述正确的是（）A. 在稳定的环境中生物不会发生进化，更不会形成新物种B. 突变和基因重组只通过有性生殖为生物进化提供原材料C. 存在捕食关系的两种生物共同进化对被捕食者是有利的D. 二倍体马和二倍体驴杂交产生的二倍体骡子属于新物种7.下列有关激素的说法，正确的是（）A. 激素都是由内分泌器官或细胞分泌的B. 激素都随体液运输作用于靶器官、靶细胞，C. 激素都能调节靶细胞的代谢速率，使其加快D. 激素都是微量、高效的有机物8.下列关于人类免疫活动的说法，正确的是（）A. 人类特异性免疫的作用远远大于非特异性免疫的作用B. 病毒侵入机体细胞后只要靠细胞免疫就能被消灭清除C. 过敏原第二次进入机体能引发更强的特异性免疫反应D. T细胞和B细胞增殖分化形成的细胞都有识别相应抗原的能力9.下列生产实践措施不是利用生态系统中信息传递的是（）A. 利用音响设备发出不同声音信号来诱捕或驱赶某些动物B. 通过控制日照时间长短来调控植物开花时间C. 利用昆虫信息素诱捕或警示有害动物D. 通过给黄麻喷洒—定浓度的赤霉索溶液来提高其产量10.如图所示，将对称叶片左侧遮光，右侧曝光，并采用适当的方法阻止两部分之间的物质转移。
河南省洛阳市语文高三上学期试卷及答案指导(2025年)
2025年河南省洛阳市语文高三上学期模拟试卷及答案指导一、现代文阅读Ⅰ（18分）阅读下面的文章，完成下列小题。
大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆。
苍茫的沙漠中，孤烟直上，长河落日圆，构成了一幅壮美的大漠风光。
这幅画面，仿佛让人置身于无垠的沙漠之中，感受到大自然的雄浑与壮美。
（1）以下对文章的理解和分析，不正确的一项是（）A. 文章以“大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆”开篇，描绘了一幅壮美的大漠风光。
B. 文章通过“孤烟直上，长河落日圆”这一景象，展现了大自然的雄浑与壮美。
C. 文章以自然景观为背景，表达了作者对大自然的热爱之情。
D. 文章通过描绘沙漠风光，传达了作者对生活的感慨。
（2）以下对文章的写作手法分析，不正确的一项是（）A. 文章运用了对比手法，将沙漠的广阔与孤烟的直上形成鲜明对比。
B. 文章运用了拟人手法，将长河落日圆描绘得生动形象。
C. 文章运用了夸张手法，将孤烟直上的景象描绘得十分壮观。
D. 文章运用了比喻手法，将沙漠风光比作一幅壮美的画卷。
（3）请从修辞手法的角度，分析下列句子中的修辞手法及其作用。
“孤烟直上，长河落日圆。
”（4）请从写作手法的角度，分析下列句子中的写作手法及其作用。
“苍茫的沙漠中，孤烟直上，长河落日圆，构成了一幅壮美的大漠风光。
”（5）请结合文章内容，谈谈你对“大漠孤烟直，长河落日圆”这句诗的理解。
答案：（1）D（2）C（3）修辞手法：比喻。
作用：将孤烟直上、长河落日圆的景象比作一幅壮美的画卷，生动形象地展现了大漠风光的美丽。
（4）写作手法：景物描写。
作用：通过对沙漠风光的描绘，表达了作者对大自然的热爱之情，使读者产生身临其境的感觉。
（5）这句诗描绘了大漠孤烟直上、长河落日圆的壮美景象，表达了作者对大自然的赞美之情。
诗句中的“孤烟直上”形象地描绘了沙漠中孤烟的景象，突显了沙漠的辽阔与孤寂；“长河落日圆”则描绘了夕阳映照在长河上的美丽画面，展现了大自然的神奇与壮美。
整句诗寓意深远，表达了对大自然的敬畏与热爱。
2019-2020学年华师大第一附属中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年华师大第一附属中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AStaying-at-home proves to be effective in slowing the spread of the virus, but loneliness can be tough for many. Luckily, in the age of social media, we are never truly alone. And with the extra time spent indoors, artists are stepping up to help us all with the following clubs.Drawing from Distance by Sarah Beth MorganLet’s shine some light during this trying time and encourage social distancing! I’m starting this tomorrow myself — but from what I offer, take whatever you please. No rules! Just have fun!Stayathome Art Club byCarsonEllisHello! I’ll be posting art homework here every weekday morning when I can. They’ll be designed for kids and grownups alike. Here is your first homework: Draw a picture of yourself from the shoulders up. You can follow some useful examples. If you want to share or see other people’s self-picture, use these hashtags: #Stayathomeartclub# QACselfportrait30-Day indoor Art by Danielle KrysaOne month of avoiding crowds? I’m in! I challenge you to use this time inside to make one piece every day from now until mid April. Please join me in playing around with some painting ideas that have been rolling around in my head but haven’t found their way onto paper yet. Stay at home, make art, save someone’s life.DIY from Illustoria MagazineWe have been so inspired to see our community come together to provide easy art projects for families during this stay-at-home-time! DIY is actually a fantastic way tosparkyour imagination without breaking a sweat. A video every day will teach you how to DIY something.1. What do we know about Sarah Beth Morgan?A. She is a strict artist.B. She aims at training more artists.C. She prefers to work at home office.D. She will provide a wide range of choices.2. What are you expected to do if you join Stayathome Art Club?A. Hand in homework every day.B. Share other people’s pictures.C. Draw a picture of yourself.D. Show up in person occasionally.3. What does “spark”in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Set off.B. Set down.C. Set aside.D. Set about.BWe've all heard it before：to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45 am﹣and, as we all know, "the early bird's catches the worm. "But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it's a trait most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze till next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life？For about half of us, this isn't really an issue. It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning or evening﹣oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright﹣eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self﹣directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they plan for the future more and have a better sense of well﹣being.Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive（认知）ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night﹣time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls areas healthy and wise as morning types﹣and a little bit wealthier.Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Don't set your alarm for 5 am Just yet. As it turns out, overhauling（全面改革）your sleep time may not have much effect"If people are left to their naturally preferred time, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader, " says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑素）. "Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequence. " Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖）which can cause weight gain.4. What does the authordo in the first three paragraph？A. raising the problem→analyzing the problem → solving the problemB. leading in the topic→challenging a viewpoint → discussing about the topicC. presenting a viewpoint → providing supporting proofs→making a conclusionD. introducing a viewpoint →raising the question→presenting author's viewpoint5. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph？A. Morning types tend to have clear goals and better mood.B. To beat night﹣time people ask them to do math calculation in themorning.C. Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.D. Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.6. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？A. Don't fall sleep in front of the TV.B. Avoid being regularly late for work.C. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.D. Better not overhaul your sleep time.7. Why does the author write this article？A. To explain why some people are more successful.B.To compare the differences between early risersand night owls.C. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.D. To argue against this view that the Carly bird catches the worm.CEven as Google plans to test its fleet (车队) of self-driving cars on public roads this summer, its business model remains abit of a mystery. By 2025, as many as 250,000 self-driving vehicles could be sold each year globally, according to a study by an industry research firm.“Vehicles that can take anyone from A to B at the push of a button could transform mobility for millions of people,” said Chris Urmson, director of Google’s self-driving car project. For now, Google has no plans to sell any of its self-driving cars. They are strictly for research. But they will hit public roads this summer near Google’s headquarters inMountain View,California. Previous testing has taken place only on closed courses.The cars are built to operate without a steering wheel, accelerator (油门) or brake pedal. “Our software and sensors do all the work,” Urmson said. “The vehicles will be very basic — we want to learn from them and adaptthem as quickly as possible — but they will take you where you want to go at the push of a button.” The prototype (雏形) is the first of a 100-car fleet the tech giant is building.In the long run, Urmson sees a future of safer roads — the majority of auto accidents are caused by human error — and fewer traffic jams. Robotic cars could also shuttle people who can’t drive because of age or illness.Google has said that self-driving cars could launch new business models in which people buy the use of vehicles they don’t own. The company has already tested other types of self-driving cars on public streets, including modified Lexus sport-utility vehicles, under a special permit program by the California Department of Motor Vehicles that requires a human driver at the controls.The state has issued six other companies permits to operate such cars, includingDelphi, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, Tesla, Bosch and Nissan. The vehicles that will be tested on open roads this summer will have removable steering wheels, accelerators and brake pedals to allow “safety drivers” to take control if needed.8. According to Chris Urmson, __________.A. self-driving cars can give driving orders to humansB. self-driving cars are specially designed for the elderlyC. software and sensors are vital for self-driving carsD. ordinary vehicles will be replaced by self-driving cars9. Paragraph 4 is meant to tell us that __________.A. many traffic accidents are caused by human errorB. some people can’t drive because of illness or ageC. Urmson has promised to create safer roads in the futureD. self-driving cars will probably help to make safer roads and decrease traffic jams10. The underlined word “issued” in the last paragraph can probably bereplaced by__________.A. givenB. claimedC. awardedD. prohibited11. What’s the author’s attitude towards self-driving cars?A. Objective.B. Indifferent.C. Subjective.D. Favorable.DWhy doesHaitiso tend to have fatal earthquakes? Earthquakes have been causing huge damage inHaitisince at least the 18th century. The capital city has been destroyed twice in 19 years. The 21st century has beenno morekind.The Earth’s outer shell is made tip of tectonic plates (构造板块) that move.Haitisits near the crossing of two tectonic plaits that make up the Earth’s outer shell. Earthquakes can occur when those plates move against each other and create friction (摩擦力).Haitiis also overpopulated. Plus, many of its buildings are designed to resist hurricanes but not earthquakes. Those buildings can survive strong winds bat are easy to fail down when the ground shrikes. Poor building practices can also play arole.“I think it’s important to recognize that there’s no such thing as a natural disaster,” said Wendy Bohon, a geologist. “What you have is a natural disaster that comes with a weak architecture system. We do know that earthquakes like this can cause huge damage because ofthefault,” said Wendy. “And it’s quite a significant risk in places that don’t have the construction practices to resist the shaking.”Construction of more earthquake-resistant buildings remains a challenge inHaiti, which is the poorest nation in theWestern Hemisphere. “While there have been some success stories of Haitians building more earthquake-resistant structures, the country has lacked a centralized effort to do so,” said Mark Schuller, a professor of anthropology and nonprofit and NGO studies atNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haiti’s government has become increasingly weak, while non-governmental organizations only focus on their own projects.“There is technical knowledge inHaiti, There are trained architects. There are cityplanners. That’s not the problem,” Schuller said. “The problem is a lack of funding for coordination (协调), and lack of political will from donors to organizations providing aid.”12. Which factor causing the huge damage is highlighted?A. Its overpopulation.B. Its weak government.C. Its geographical location.D. Its weak architecture system.13. What does the underlined part “the fault” in paragraph 4 refer to?A Lacking political will to provide aid.B. Lacking hurricane-resistant; buildings.C. Lacking earthquake-resistant buildings.D. Sitting on the crossing of two tectonic plates.14. What’s Schuller’s attitude towardsHaiti’s government?A Supportive. B. Critical.C. Indifferent.D. Interested.15. Which of the following can be a problem according tothe last paragraph?A. Fund and will.B. Skilled architects.C. Urban designers.D. Technology and money.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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洛阳市2019——2020 学年高中三年级第一次统一考试历史试卷本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,全卷共8页,共100分,考试时间为90分钟。
第I卷(选择题,共48分)注意事项:1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。
3.考试结束后,将答题卡交回。
一、选择题(每题分,共48分)1.有学者认为，西周政治里显然有着浓厚的贵族色彩,而“共主”名义的地方分权体制……与秦以后一统的君主“独制”格局泾渭分明。
据此可知，西周时期A.贵族宗法血缘关系有所松动B.君主对地方的掌控能力有限C.奠定中国大一统的政治基础D.中央集权与地方分权相结合2.春秋战国时期,思想家们突破了西周“天命”、“天道”的观念，无论是孔子的“克己复礼”还是韩非子的“法治”，都把视线从天上转到了人世。
这反映了当时A.社会剧变促使人们抛弃迷信思想B.君权神授的思想受到极大冲击C.时局变动促进了社会文化多元性D.政治意识适应社会变革的现实3.据统计,目前已发现出土于东汉时期的铁犁和牛耕图有50多处，分布在豫、陕、冀、晋、鲁、皖、苏、辽、内蒙、甘、新、川、贵、粤、闽等15个省区。
由此可知，东汉时期A.农业生产力水平提高B.北民南迁推广了农业技术C.牛耕技术已遍及全国D.边疆地区与内地联系密切4.唐代确立了严格的官吏致仕(退休)制度，官吏致仕的法定年龄为七十岁，或“年虽少,形容衰老者,亦听致仕”。
五品以上的官致仕，直接奏皇帝批准，六品以下则由尚书省奏皇帝批准。
这一制度A.有利于官员结构的调整B.打击了士族的垄断地位C.加重了政府的财政负担D.强化了君主集权的制度5.宋朝时期，音乐的教化功能逐渐减弱,庄严、正经的宫廷音乐逐渐让位于市井音乐(类似于流行音乐)，通俗化、面向生活的风俗画也成为当时画坛的最大亮点。
这反映了宋代A.世俗价值观成为社会的主流B.文化发展日趋平民化C.理学兴起丰富了艺术的内涵D.艺术形式日益多样化6.明清统治者实行朝贡贸易，“凡贡使至，必厚待其人”，对他们携带的货物，“皆倍偿其价”。
同时规定:人民不得擅自出海与外国互市，对外贸易只能在官方主持下进行。
他们的这些做法A.意在追求经济利益的最大化B.适应了近代国际贸易的需要C.确保对外贸易中的优势地位D.受当时政治经济思想的影响7.据史料记载，自19世纪50年代始，上海茶叶出口数量大多保持在5000万磅以上，较之1845年增长了10余倍。
19 世纪60年代，中国茶叶出口有增无减，1867年中国供给了欧美国家茶叶消费总量的约90%。
这表明中国A.茶叶物美价廉受欧美欢迎B.当时经济结构发生重大变化C.与国际市场联系日益紧密D.农副产品的商品化开始出现年,《中外纪闻》成为强学会机关报,内容首为阁抄,余依次为选登英国路透社新闻电讯，选译《泰晤士报》等外国报纸的消息、评论;选录津、沪、港、粵等地报纸的新闻、言论,摘编“西国格致有用诸书”，最后附有梁启超等人的编者按和论说。
据此可知，该报刊的创办旨在A.引导人们开始关注国际局势变化B.宣传维新思想促进人民觉醒C.激励人们革命推翻清王朝的统治D.宣传民主科学启发国民自觉年7月，上海《中外日报》登载了一则征婚广告。
在征婚广告中，男方希望女方一要天足；二要通晓中西学术门径；三聘娶仪节悉照文明通例，尽除中国旧有之陋俗。
这表明当时A.婚烟自主习俗成为社会主流B.简约文明的结婚仪式受民众推崇C.个性化的征婚方式开始出现D.社会习俗受到西方民主思想影响10. 1909年,广东省咨议局(清政府为预备立宪而设立的地方咨议机关)首次进行议员选举，广州府合格选民共1600余人，真正投了票的仅有399人。
该府各属计设85个投票所,其中有一所得16票,算是较多的，有60处仅有一票。
由此可知，当时A.预备立宪违背潮流B.南方革命思想宣传深人C.清朝统治日益孤立D.政治改革缺乏群众基础11.南京国民政府成立后，相继颁布了《奖励工艺品暂行条例》、《华侨回国兴办实业奖励法》、《工业奖励法》等文件，同时邀请蔡元培、马寅初分别担任监察院长、立法院财政委员会委员长。
这表明南京国民政府A.扫除民族工业发展的障碍B.强化了对经济的干预管理C.调整国民经济发展的格局D.积极扶持民族工业的发展12.抗战时期，敌后根据地根据普遍、直接、平等、无记名的原则进行选举，选出的议员中,既有共产党员和工农群众，也有不少开明的地主、士绅和国民党员。
这些做法A.开创了政治协商民主的新形式B.适应了全民族抗战的需要C.缓和了根据地严峻的经济形势D.动摇了根据地的政治基础13. 1948年，中共中央在纪念“五一”国际劳动节时提出“各民主党派、、各人民团体、各社会贤达迅速召开政治协商会议，讨论并实现召集人民代表大会，成立民主联合政府”的口号，得到了各民主党派的热烈响应。
这表明A.解放战争决战时机成熟B.中共组建联合政府的条件成熟C.国民党的统治日益孤立D.民主协商建国的雏形已经初现14.建国初期国家公布了《关于改革学制的决定》，把技术学校、专科学校列人正规的学校教育系统。
同时对高等学校的院系也进行了调整,特别是加强了高等工业院校。
这一学制的调整A.确保了教育的社会主义方向B.构建了完整的国民教育体系C.适应了国家经济建设的需要D.推动了教育的全面改革完善15.改革开放初期，私营企业在发展过程中往往挂靠国有、集体企业，戴上“红帽子”经营。
1992 年后，挂靠的企业通过明确产权,重新注册为私营企业。
这一变化说明我国A.国家经济结构调整成效突出B.市场经济体制已经建立C.私营企业已与世界经济接轨D.经济体制发生重大变化16.下表为1998—2002年我国私营、国有和外资企业工业产值的比较。
这三种类型企业产值B.国营经济失去主导地位C.社会主义商品市场体系形成D.私营企业发展比较缓慢17.公元前七世纪末至公元前六世纪初，雅典旧氏族贵族专权，工商业阶层有财无权，普通民众一不小心就沦为债务奴隶,社会矛盾十分尖锐。
为缓和矛盾，雅典A.确立了十将军委员会B.按财产多寡调整权利分配C.设立了五百人议事会D.以地区部落单位进行选举18.古希腊历史学家色诺芬(约公元前430年至前354年)曾这样告诚参加公民大会的公民:相信你们自己，别相信他人；你们既不要听信我，也别听信他人；你们应该依靠你们的全部知识来判断是与非。
这反映出当时A.公民大会成为最高权力机构B.雅典公民崇尚理性知识已蔚然成风C.公民行使民主权利不受干扰D.有识之士已认识到民主制的局限性19.斯多葛派对于罗马法的贡献，“并不在于他们提供给罗马法的特殊论点的数量，而在于他们给予它的单一的基本假设”。
这个基本假设就是:人是生而平等的，每个人都有追求生命、自由、财产和幸福的自然权利。
由此可知，罗马法A.以自然法精神为基础B.不断自我调整以适应时代需要C.受希腊人文精神影响D.法律渊源主要来自于斯多葛派20.文艺复兴时期的意大利，人们对艺术需求的日益广泛且多样化，使艺术作品无论是数量还是种类都远远超过中世纪。
这主要是由于A.城市商品经济的发展B.人文主义思想的推动C.古典文化艺术的继承D.宗教神学权威的丧失21.法国的思想家托克维尔说:“当我目睹绝对命令的权利和手段赋予任何力量时……无论它被称为人民还是国王，无论它被称为贵族政体还是民主政体.我都会说，它播下了暴政的种子。
”托克维尔意在指出A.任何政体都无法实现民主B.要对绝对的权力进行限制C.宪政的理论只是一种空想D.专制统治产生的理论渊源22. 16世纪以前，西欧物价在数百年内一直是比较稳定的。
但到16世纪末，西班牙的物价比16世纪初平均上涨了倍，法国、英国、意大利、荷兰等高了2倍多。
这一变化A.导致世界贸易中心发生改变B.巩固了西班牙的霸主地位C.加速了西欧的资本原始积累D.阻碍了东西方的经济交流23. 18世纪,空想社会主义者只是开始对社会主义进行理论探讨和论证，到19世纪三四十年代,空想社会主义者则把批判矛头直接对准资本主义制度。
这一现象出现的重要原因在于A.资本主义的弊端日益暴露B.社会阶级结构的重大变化C.工人阶级已登上政治舞台D.人们对理性王国普遍失望B.资本主义世界市场初步形成C.自由贸易政策促进了英国对外贸易D. 英国工业水平居于世界一流25.从1802年到1878年间.英国议会先后颁布了20多个工厂法,在这些法令中对童工的最低雇用年龄、每天的劳动时间、工作的环境以及接受一定的教育等都作了明文规定。
1870年《教育法)的颁布，宣告了英国大规模雇佣童工劳动问题得到了基本解决。
英国童工问题的解决A.反映了议会民主制度的完善B.依赖于工业革命的深人发展C.是工人阶级长期斗争的结果D.反映了阶级矛盾的日趋缓和年，法国右翼势力代表人物布朗热，利用国内因发生经济危机而引发的民众对政府的不满情绪，发动了一场旨在推翻法兰西第三共和国,建独裁政权的政治运动。
但是在1889年的众议院大选中,共和派仍获得了366个席位，保守派仅获得168 个席位。
这场运动最终瓦解。
这表明法国当时A.共和派与君主派的斗争激烈B.经济危机对社会破坏严重C.封建残余势力依然十分顽固D.共和政体得到进一步巩固年5月，苏维埃政府颁布法令:“允许自由交换、买卖农民缴纳实物税之后剩余的农产品。
”但是自由贸易(包括小工业和手工业)限于“地方流转”；允许产品交换,交换主要由政府组织或由政府监督。
这些做法A.打击了小生产者的积极性B.有利于苏俄经济的恢复发展C.体现了战时共产主义政策D.说明新经济政策具有局限性28. 1945年9月22日，美国公布了《初期对日方针》,指出占领日本的两个最终目的:一是保证日本不再成为美国乃至世界和平与安全的威胁；二是最终建立一个和平的、负责任的日本政府。
为实现这两个目标，美国采取的手段之一就是“日本解除武装且实行非军事化”。
战后日本的非军事化A.体现了美国的霸权政策B.提高了日本的国际地位C.铲除了军国主义的势力D.有利于国民经济的恢复29. 1945年以来国际货币基金组织和世界银行的重要事项都需会员国投票决定，投票权的大小与会员国认购的股本成正比。
而1995年的《世贸组织协定》则将“协商一致”作为主要的决策方式,投票表决只是辅助方式。
这种变化主要反映了A.世界政治格局的多极化趋势增强B.国际政治经济新秩序逐步建立C.新兴经济体的国际地位不断提高D.冷战结束推动国际决策民主化30.右图是第二次世界大战以后，美国与欧共体国民生产总值占世界国民生产中总值的比重变化统计图。
这种变化A.表明世界多极化趋势已出现B.有利于欧共体摆脱美国控制C.说明欧洲的联合进一步密切D.反映了美欧之间的贸易关系31.右图是19世纪英国画家瓦兹的一副作品《希望》，画面上一个年轻女子独自一人坐在象征世界的地球上面，身体向前倾斜，低垂着头，眼睛被蒙上绷带，说明眼睛受到极度伤害,手里拿着古希腊七弦琴，也被毁坏得只剩下一根琴弦。