Cupid and Psyche 希腊神话汇编
希腊神话
7. Cupid and Psyche:Cupid was the god of love, better known by his son of Aphrodite and AresThe story [Eros and Psyche] is about a princess named Psyche, who was so beautiful that when it came time for her to wed no suitors could be found -- for everyone worshiped her from afar believing that she was the appearance on earth of the Goddess of Love. While this attention saddened and embarrassed the young princess it infuriated Venus, the real Goddess of Beauty and Love. She directed her son, Cupid, to cast a spell upon Psyche that would cause her to fall in love with some despicable creature and in consequence to suffer so greatly that her beauty would fade. Obediently Cupid descended to earth, but the moment he saw the maiden his heart filled with love.Psyche's parents meantime had gone to the Oracle at Delphi for advice. Oracle was explicit: dress Psyche in mourning, escort her to the top of the mountain, and leave her to await her bridegroom Grief-stricken, Psyche was led in funeral procession to the summit of the mountain and left there as the sun slowly set. Zephyrus, the evening breeze, carried her down into the valley below. Upon waking, Psyche found herself before the entrance of a magnificent palace. She entered and walked from room to room, admiring the treasures they contained. In the darkness of night Cupid arrived and, though invisible to her, his words and embraces were so tender and loving she knew that this was the lover she had always longed for. When he asked her to give him her trust and her love and to become his bride, even though she must promise never to look upon him, she readily pledged him her troth.Life for Psyche was happier than ever, but after a time she grew homesick. To cheer her Cupid arranged for her two sisters to visit, but warned that if she revealed the secret of their marriage, their happiness would end as he would be forced to depart. Psyche promised to say nothing, but under the pressure of her sisters' questioning she let something slip which they twisted to convince her that she had married a monster and must slay him.Tormented with doubts, Psyche determined to discover the truth about her invisible husband who always disappeared before dawn. She arose, lit a lamp, and turned to look for the first time upon her beloved:Overwhelmed by his beauty Psyche inadvertently tipped the lamp and a drop of oil spilled on his shoulder, waking the slumbering god. "O simple-hearted Psyche," he exclaimed, "how could you doubt me? Now I must depart." In an instant he was gone. Psyche, brokenhearted, set out to find her beloved, not knowing that he had returned to Olympus where his mother tended his wound and had him guarded lest he return to earth.Psyche searched through long and weary years but found no trace of Cupid. She entered the temples of Demeter and Hera to seek their aid, and they advised her to be steadfast and faithful: "If Cupid still loves you, no power on earth or inheaven will keep him from you." Psyche realized now that Cupid must be on Olympus and was wondering how she could reach him when Mercury, messenger of the gods, appeared and offered to carry her there. She gladly accepted. Upon her arrival, however, Venus had her seized and would have had her destroyed had Psyche not pleaded for clemency. She offered to serve the goddess in every way possible could she but see her beloved once more. Venus agreed -- Psyche had first to accomplish three tasks, which the goddess knew were impossible for mortals to perform. The first was to separate by nightfall the seeds in an enormous pile of mixed grains; the second, to fetch golden fleece from a herd of fierce wild sheep; and the third, to obtain a cupful of black water from a river guarded by dragons. Psyche accomplished the first with the help of ants; the second, by following the advice of a nymph; and the third with the aid of the eagle of Jupiter.Venus was amazed and set Psyche one more task: to descend into Hades and obtain enough spray from the Fountain of Youth to restore the beauty the goddess had lost caring for her son's burnt shoulder. Again Psyche received help. She overcame all obstacles and lures of the underworld, and finally received the precious spray from Persephone. Upon reaching the world of the living she began to weaken: "One drop of this potion would restore my own beauty and bring Cupid to my side . . . only one little drop . . . no one would know." She barely touched the lid when it sprang open and poisonous fumes enveloped her and she fell into a deathlike stupor. Cupid, having recovered and escaped his guards, at this very moment arrived at her side, with a kiss, wakened the unconscious Psyche and explained to her that spray from the Fountain of Youth, being derived from the Water of Death, overcomes mortals and causes them to pass through death and rebirth.As he spoke Psyche herself was transformed, with wings unfolding from her shoulders; and when Cupid placed his arm around her they rose together to Olympus. In the presence of the gods, Jupiter united the couple in wedlock.当Cupid 离开Psyche 时说：Love could not dwell where there is no trust.Psyche: a hellenistic personification of the soul as female 人类灵魂德女性化身 or sometimes as a butterfly.psyche: the human soul, mind or spirit.PsychiatricPsychiatrist 精神病医生psychology n. 心理学psychological adj. 心理的Under the Rose ：in secret; privately confidentially 秘密地;私下得;暗中丘比特是战神玛斯(Mars)和爱与美之神维纳斯(venus)所生的儿子.维纳斯，也就是希腊神话里的阿芙罗狄蒂(Aphrodite),传说她是从大海的泡沫里生出来，以美丽著称,从宙斯到奥林匹帕斯的诸神都为起美貌姿容所倾倒.有关她的恋爱传说很多，欧洲很多文艺作品常用维纳斯做题材.小爱神丘比特为了维护其母的声誉,给沉默之神哈伯克拉底(Harpocrates)送了一束玫瑰花,请他守口如瓶不要把维纳斯的风流韵事传播出去.哈伯克拉底受了玫瑰花就缄默不语了,成为名副其实的"沉默之神"古罗马人对维纳斯非常尊崇,不仅奉为掌管人类的爱情.婚姻.生育的爱与美的神,而且尊为丰收女神.园艺女神.罗马的统治者恺撒大帝甚至追搠维纳斯是罗马人的祖先.由于上述神话传说,古罗马人把玫瑰花当作沉没或严守秘密的象征,并在日常生活中相尚成风.人们去串门做客,当看到主人家的桌子上方画有玫瑰,客人就了解在这桌上所谈的一切行为均不应外传.于是在语言中产生了Sub rosa 在玫瑰花底下这个拉丁成语. 据<牛津英语词典>解释,英语under the rose 系源自德语unter der Rosen. 古代德国的宴会厅.会议室以及旅店的餐室,在天花板上常画有或雕刻着玫瑰花,用来提醒在场者要守口如瓶,严守秘密,不要把玫瑰花底下的言行透露出去.这个流行于15至17世纪的德语成语反映了这种习俗. 罗马帝国全盛时,其势力几乎席卷了整个欧洲,罗马某些文化风尚也随着他的军事力量渗透到欧洲各国.因此，以玫瑰花象征沉默的习俗,并不限于德国..under the rose 是个状语性成语，在句中修饰动词,其含义因所修饰的动词的不同而略有不同.如:born under the rose"私生的""非婚生的";do under the rose"暗中进行"eg:The senator told me under the rose that there is to be a chance in the cabinet.The matter was finally settled under the rose.Do what you like undeer the rose,but don't give a sign of what you're about...8. the Legend of half-god(Greek Hero)8.1. Legend of Odysseus:The king of Ithaca, a leader of the Greeks in the Trojan War, who reached home after ten years of wandering.8.1.1. Lotus Eaters: a person who spends his time indulging in pleasure and luxury rather than dealing with practical concerns.On the tenth day after leaving Troy，and his men came to an island，where the people only took lotus fruit and flowers as their food．This plant had such a magic effect on its eaters that it could make them forget their past and produce a dreamy laziness over them．When Odysseus' men arrived，they were kindly invited by the people on the island to eat the sweet food．Its magic power began to work on the mimmediately．They fell into a deep daydream．They lost all wishes for future，To them the sea and ship appeared dull and hateful．And they were not eager to see wife，child and kingdom．When he saw no trace of his men coming back，Odysseus became suspicious．He set out with some well armed men to find out the truth．It did not take him long to find out the magic effect of the food．Not allowing his followers to touch the plant，he ordered them to drag their lazy friends back to their ship．There he had them tied to the benches until they slept off the harmful effect of the lotus．8.1.2. The SirensFar out in the sea there was an island，on the rocky edge of which lived three Sirens，the three sisters of magic song．Half human and half bird，the Siren sisters sat in a field of flowers，singing in voices that excited the hearts of men．The attractive songs were so sweet that ships were attracted to the island and struck to pieces on the rocks．No sailor nor ship had ever been known to pass the Island of the Sirens without being attracted to disaster ．Odysseus took careful preparation against the Sirens．Before their ships came to where they could hear the song，Odysseus had himself tied to the mast，stopped the ears of his men with wax and ordered them to ignore his orders and gestures when they were passing the fatal island ．Soon they came in sight of the rocky island，and the attractive song reached the ears of Odysseus．It moved him so much that he struggled in despair to free himself and shouted for his men to turn towards the rich and flowery grass land of the singing sisters．But no one paid any attention to him．The sailors kept straight on until theywere completely out of hearing．Then his friends freed him and took the wax out of their ears．For once the Sirens had sung with no effects．The eldest of the sisters，loved Odysseus so much that she threw herself into the sea after his ships had passed．siren 迷人的美女；汽笛；警报8.1.3. Odysseus and Trojan WarAt the end of nine years of Trojan War, a prophet predicted that Troy would not fall as long as the Palladium stayed within its walls. Odysseus went into the city in disguise and stole it out of the temple of the city. Then he designed a great wooden horse, in which some Greek soldiers hid themselves, and pretended to withdraw. The overjoyed Trojans believed that it was sent by Athena and hauled it into their capital. At night the hidden Greeks crawled out and threw the whold city into confusion. Troy was robbed.The Trojan Horse木马计；暗藏的危险；奸细the hidden danger; the covert wreckers （内奸）; to engage in underhand activitiesThe superpowers are always sending the Trojan horses to many countries in the world. They are defeated only because of the Trojan horse in their country.Greek Gift(s): a gift with some sinister purposes of the enemy; one given with intent to harm; a gift sent in order to murder sb. When the fox preaches,take care of your geese；阴谋害人的礼物；黄鼠狼拜年，不安好心He is always buying you expensive clothes, I'm afraid they are Greek gifts for you.当特洛伊人要把大木马拖进城的时候，祭司拉奥孔(Laocoon)劝说不要接受希腊人留下的东西。
六个经典的希腊神话丘比特和普赛克故事
The Golden Touch (Minas)Midas，was a King of Macedonian Bromium, where he ruled over the Brigians and planted his famous rose gardens．One day,the old hero Silenus，Dionysus' former teacher, was found sleeping and drunken in the rose gardens．The gardeners tied him and led him before Midas. Then Silenus told some wonderful tales to Midas. Midas enjoyed the tales very much and entertained Silenus for five days and nights, and then ordered a guide to lead him to Dionysus' headquarters．Dionysus，who had been worrying about Silenus，was glad to see him back and asked how Midas wished to be rewarded．He replied without hesitation：‘Please turn all I touch into gold. ' However, not only stones, flowers and the furniture of his house turned to gold. Midas was delighted at first then he found the water he want to drink and the food he want to eat turned to gold too. Midas soon begged to be freed from his wish, because he was fast dying of hunger and thirst. Dionysus told him to visit the source of the river Pactolus and there wash himself. He obeyed, and was at once freed from the golden touch, but the sands of the river Pactolusare bright with gold to this day．点金术弥达斯是马其顿勃洛弥恩的国王。
希腊罗马神话
谢谢
丘比特同意了。但 当他看到普赛克的时候， 他即可爱上了她。他不 能行使他妈妈的意愿。 同时，普赛克作国王的 父亲，想把普赛克嫁出 去。不幸的是，普赛克 太漂亮了，没有人愿意 娶她。她的父亲非常沮 丧，向阿波罗的神喻祈 求办法。神喻说，将普 赛克置于 山腰，一条大 毒蛇会将她带走。
On the mountain, Psyche waited patiently in despair. She sat and sat, but the serpent never came for her. Instead, Zephyr, the most gentle of winds, carried her away. In the morning, Psyche awoke. She looked around her and saw a castle. Intrigued, she wandered toward it. As she got closer, Psyche noticed that the palace was empty. Psyche neared the threshold and was surprised to hear voices calling her name. She entered the palace and listened as the voices directed her about her new home. "We are your servants. Everything you see around you is yours."
从前有个国王，他有三个女儿。普赛 克是最小的也是最漂亮的一个。她实在 太漂亮了，以致她那个国家的人都忽视 了爱与美的女神维纳斯，转而崇拜普赛 克。维纳斯开始的时候是嫉妒，后来就 试图寻找报复的办法。她向自己的儿子 丘比特求助，让他设法使普赛克爱上一 个可怕的魔鬼。
Cupid and Psyche 希腊神话
• Cupid[‘kju:pɪd] n.丘比特(罗马神话中的爱
神)
Cupidity [kjuː'pɪdɪtɪ] n.贪心，贪婪 Cupid n.鸡尾酒
• Eros ['iərɔs] n.厄洛斯（爱神） Erotic [ɪ‘rɒtɪk] a.色情的 n.好色之 徒
Psyche
• Daughter of a king • Her beauty could be compared with that of Goddess Venus. • Many people mistook her for Venus herself, and offered her the garlands（花环） which they had bought for Venus.
• Venus’s revenge • Cupid fall in love with Psyche
Outline
Cupid fall in love with Psyche
• As soon as Cupid saw Psyche, he was so surprised by her beauty • Wounded himself with his own arrow • He fell in love with Psyche
• Venus [‘viːnəs] Venus n.金星
•
维纳斯（爱与美的女神）
Aphrodite[,æfrə'daɪti]
阿佛洛狄特
• Venus’ revenge
Outline
Venus's revenge
Venus was very angry,determined to take revenge on Psyche. • she told Cupid to shoot Psyche with one of his golden pointed arrows, let her fall in love with some wretched (可怜的)beggar, the most degraded（卑贱的） that could be found. BACK •
丘比特故事的主要内容
丘比特故事的主要内容
丘比特（Cupid）是罗马神话中的爱神，相当于希腊神话中的厄洛斯（Eros）。
他通常被描述为一个拿着弓箭的小天使，能够让人们坠入爱河。
丘比特的故事有很多版本，但其中最著名的是与普赛克（Psyche）的爱情故事。
普赛克是一位拥有令人惊叹的美貌的凡人女子，她的美丽甚至让天后维纳斯（Venus，希腊神话中的阿佛洛狄忒 Aphrodite）感到嫉妒。
维纳斯想要惩罚普赛克，于是派出她的儿子丘比特去让普赛克爱上一个丑陋的男人。
然而，当丘比特看到普赛克时，他自己却不小心被自己的箭射中，深深地爱上了她。
丘比特将普赛克带到一个隐秘的宫殿里，每晚与她相会，但他禁止她看到他的真面目。
普赛克的姐妹们嫉妒她的好运，劝说她在夜里点亮灯光查看丘比特的真实身份。
普赛克忍不住好奇心，当她看到帅气的丘比特时，一滴油不小心滴到了丘比特的身上，惊醒了他。
由于普赛克违反了约定，丘比特离开了她。
失去丘比特后，普赛克四处寻找他，最终来到维纳斯那里。
维纳斯给了普赛克一系列几乎不可能完成的任务，希望通过这些任务来摧毁普赛克。
然而，普赛克凭借她的决心、智慧和一些帮助，最终完成了所有任务。
最后，丘比特和普赛克重归于好，并得到了宙斯（Zeus，罗马神话中的朱庇特 Jupiter）的祝福。
普赛克被赋予了不朽，与丘比特永远在一起。
这个故事不仅是关于爱情的神话，也包含了对忠诚、勇气、坚持和信任的考验。
丘比特与普赛克的爱情故事是西方文化中关于爱情的经典叙述之一。
对安东尼.卡诺瓦的雕塑“丘比特与普塞克(cupid and psyche)”的解析
原则与观念（principle and conception）
新古典主义（Neoclassicism），是一种新的复古运动。 兴起于18世纪的罗马，并迅速在欧美地区扩展的艺术运 动，影响了装饰艺术、建筑、绘画、文学、戏剧和音乐 等众多领域。新古典主义，一方面起于对巴洛克 （Baroque）和洛可可（Rococo）艺术的反动，另一 方面则是希望以重振古希腊、古罗马的艺术为信念(亦即 反对华丽的装饰，尽量以俭朴的风格为主)。新古典主义 的艺术家刻意从风格与题材模仿古代艺术。
策略（policy）
大理石精细的雕刻打磨 雕塑结构造型上的严谨以及缜密的思考。
使用和当时艺术时期不相符合的风格进行创作
标准（standard）
利用大理石的材质特征尽可能的复刻作者想象的丘比特 与普塞克。 具有能唤起大众对爱的欲望。
要素（element）
大理石雕塑 希腊神话
禁忌之恋
X造型 神性和人性 爱情 新古典主义风格
变数（variable）
此作品是卡诺瓦在大理石雕刻中唯一一个运用交叉构图 的雕塑。 创作丘比特形象时，作者不采用小孩子或者年轻人的形 象。（作者创作时年龄大概为24-28岁，与雕塑年龄相 仿。） PSYCHE这个名词的解释有：1.神话故事；2.灵魂；3. 心理学中的自我；4.心理学中的自性。
时尚形态与艺术型态课程
对雕塑“丘比特与普塞克”的解析
安东尼奥.卡诺瓦
安东尼.卡诺瓦（antonio canova）(1757-1822) 意大利新古典主义雕塑家，他的作品标志雕塑从巴洛克 时期走进新古典时期。
动机（Motive）
通过丘比特与普塞克的故事背景，利用永恒的爱的主题 探索古希腊神话延续传承的新形式。 通过对爱的表达唤起人们对古希腊，古罗马文化的兴趣。
Cupid_and_Psyche_希腊神话
• Venus had a winged son, named Cupid, the god of love. • Cupid always carried his bow(弓) and arrows wherever he went. • Of the arrows, there were two kinds: the gold-tripped arrows used to quicken the pulse（激情） of love, and the leadtripped（铅头箭） ones to palsy（中止） i
Psyche was so scared after the last sound of human footsteps had died away. But instead of being carried away by a monster, she was lifted gently by the soft wings of Zephyrus（泽费罗斯 （西风之神）, the God of west wind, and was sent to a peaceful and sweet valley. The valley was so sweet that Psyche forget her fears and fell asleep. When she woke up,she saw a wonderful palace,she timidly（胆小地） entered the doors,what waiting for her are splendid（美丽 的） rooms and high quality servants.she enjoyed herself very much.
希腊神话故事：爱神丘比特的故事
爱神丘⽐特的故事 丘⽐特⼀直被⼈们喻为爱情的象征，相传他是⼀个顽⽪的、⾝上长着翅膀的⼩神，他的箭⼀旦插⼊青年男⼥的⼼上，便会使他们深深相爱。
在古希腊神话中，他是美神和爱神Aphrodite的⼩⼉⼦Eros。
在罗马神话中，他叫丘⽐特(Cupid)，他的母亲是维纳斯。
下⾯的传说讲述了丘⽐特和凡间少⼥Psyche的爱情故事。
相传有⼀位国王和王后⽣了三个美丽的⼥⼉，最⼩的Psyche尤其因为她的美貌⽽闻名。
维纳斯⾮常嫉妒她，便命令丘⽐特去惩罚她。
然⽽丘⽐特⼀见到Psyche便深深爱上了她，并使她成为⾃⼰的妻⼦。
Psyche在神殿⾥过着优裕的⽣活，但由于她是凡⼈，却始终看不到丘⽐特的⾯容，为此，她很郁闷。
她的两个姐姐很嫉妒她在神殿⾥的⽣活，便骗她说丘⽐特是个恶魔，并怂恿她晚上偷看他。
待她晚上点上油灯看到丘⽐特之后，才知他原来是个英俊少年。
丘⽐特被惊醒后，愤怒⽽去。
宫殿、花园随之消失了，Psyche发现⾃⼰⼀个⼈躺在⼀个荒野上。
Psyche到处寻找丈夫，不觉来到维纳斯的神殿。
为了毁掉她，这位爱神给她布置了很多艰巨⽽⼜危险的任务。
最后⼀项任务便是叫她把⼀个空盒⼦交给Proserpine(冥府的王后)，并从她那⾥带回⼀盒⼦美容。
途中，⼀个声⾳⼀直指引着她如何摆脱各种死亡的威胁，并警告她取回盒⼦后，⽆论如何不能打开。
Psyche克服了种种困难，终于完成了任务。
返回途中，她的好奇⼼还是驱使她打开了盒⼦。
⾥⾯装的哪是什么美容，⽽是地狱⾥的睡眠⿁。
它从盒中逸出，附在Psyche⾝上，使她成了⼀具睡⼫。
丘⽐特发现Psyche僵睡在地上，便从她⾝上抓起睡⿁，重新装在盒⼦⾥。
丘⽐特原谅了她，维纳斯也原谅了她。
众神被她对丘⽐特执着的爱情感动了，便赐她⼀碗长⽣不⽼羹，并封她为⼥神。
这样，Psyche与丘⽐特终于结为伉俪。
丘比特与赛姬(英文版)Psyche_and_Eros cupid
Appendix: Activity 1.1.7CUPID AND PSYCHE‘O nce upon a time there lived a king and queen who had three very beautiful daughters. They were so beautiful, in fact, that it was only just possible to find words of praise for the elder two, and to express the breath-taking loveliness of the youngest, the like of which had never been seen before, was beyond all power of human speech. Every day thousands of her father’s subjects came to gaze at her, foreigners too, and were so dumbfounded by the sight that they paid her the homage due to the Goddess Venus alone. They pressed their right thumbs and forefingers together, reverently raised them to their lips and blew kisses towards her. The news of her matchless beauty spread through neighboring cities and countries. Some reported: "Immortal Venus, born from the deep blue sea and risen to Heaven from its foam, has descended on earth and is now incarnate as a mortal at whom everyone is allowed to gaze." Others: "No, this time the earth, not the sea, has been impregnated by a heavenly emanation and96has borne a new Goddess of Love, all the more beautiful because she is still a virgin." The princess’s fame was carried farther and farther in distant provinces and still more distant ones and people made long pilgrimages over land and sea to witness the greatest wonder of their age. As a result, no body took the trouble to visit Venus’s shrines at Cyprian Paphos or Carian Cnidos or even in the isle of Cythera where her lovely foot first touched dry land; her festivals were neglected, her rites discontinued, the cushions on which her statues had been propped at her sacred temple feasts were kicked about the floor, the statues themselves were left without their usual garlands, her altars were unswept and cluttered with the foul remains of months-old burned sacrifices, her temples were allowed to fall into ruins.‘When the young princess went out on her morning walks through the streets, victims were offered in her honour, sacred feasts spread for her, flowers scattered in her path, and rose garlands presented to her by an adoring crowd of suppliants who addressed her by all the titles that really belonged to the Great Goddess of Love herself. This extraordinary transfer of divine honours to a mortal naturally angered the true Venus. Unable to suppress her feelings, she shook her head menacingly and said to herself: "Really now, whoever would have thought that I’d be treated like this? I, all the world’s lovely Venus whom the philosophers call ‘the Universal Mother’ and the original source of all five elements! So I’m expected to share my sovereignty, am I, with a mortal who goes about pretending to be myself? And to watch my bright name, which is registered in Heaven,being dragged through the dirty mud of the earth! Oh, yes, and I must be content, of course, with the reflected glory of worship paid97to this girl, grateful for a share in the expiatory sacrifices offered to her instead of me? It means nothing, I suppose when the shepherd Paris whose just and honest verdict Jupiter himself confirmed, awarded me the apple of beauty over the heads of my two goddess rivals? No, it’s quite absurd. I can’t let this silly creature, whoever she may be, usurp my glory any longer. I’ll very soon make her sick and sorry about her good looks: they are dead against the rules."‘She at once called her winged son Eros, alias Cupid, that very wicked boy, with neither manners nor respect for the decencies, who spends his time running from building to building all night long with his torch and his arrows, breaking up respectable homes. Somehow he never gets punished for all the harm he does, though he never seems to do anything good in compensation. Venus knew that he was naturally bent on mischief, but she tempted him to still worse behavior by bringing him to the city where the princess lived—her name, by the way, was Psyche—and telling him the whole story of the new cult that had grown up around her. Groaning with indignation she said: "I implore you, darling, as you love your mother, to use your dear little arrows and that sweet torch of yours against this impudent girl. If you have any respect for me, you’ll give me my revenge, revenge in full. You’ll see that the princ ess falls desperately in love with some perfect outcast of a man—someone who has lost rank, fortune, everything, someone who goes about in terror his life and in such complete degradation that nobody viler can be found in the whole world."‘And she kissed him long and tenderly and then went to the near by sea-shore, where she ran along the tops of the waves as they98danced foaming towards her. At the touch of her rosy feet the whole sea suddenly calmed, and she had no sooner willed the powers of the deep to appear, than up they bobbed as though she had shouted their names. The Nereids were there, singing a part song; and Neptune, sometimes called Portumnus, with his blueish beard; his wife Salacia, the naughty goddess of the deep sea, with a lapful of aphrodisiac fish; and little Palaemon, their charioteer, riding on a dolphin. After these came troops of Tritons swimming about in all directions, one blowing softly on his conch-shell, another protecting Venus from sunburn with a silk parasol, a third holding a mirror for her to admire herself in, and a whole team of them, yoked two and two, harnessed to her car. When Venus goes for an ocean cruise she’s attended by quite an army of retainers.‘Meanwhile Psyche got no satisfaction at all from the honours pai d her. Everyone stared at her, everyone praised her, but no commoner, no prince, no king even, dared to make love to her. All wondered at her beauty, but only as they might have wondered at an exquisite statue. Both her less beautiful elder sisters, whose reputation was not so great, had been courted by kings and successfully married to them, but Psyche remained single. She stayed at home feeling very miserable and rather ill, and began to hate the beauty which everyone else adored.‘Her poor father feared that the gods might be angry with him for allowing his subjects to make so much of her, so he went to the ancient oracle of Apollo at Miletus and, after the usual prayers and sacrifices, asked where he was to find a husband for his daughter whom nobody wanted to marry. Apollo, though an99Ionian Greek and the true founder of Miletus, chose to deliver the following oracle in Latin verse:On some high mountain’s craggy summit placeThe virgin, decked for deadly nuptial rites,Nor hope a son-in-law of mortal birthBut a dire mischief, viperous and fierce,Who flies through aether and with fire and swordTires and debilitates all things that are.Terrific to the powers that reign on high,Great Jupiter himself fears this winged pestAnd streams and Stygian shades his power abhor.‘The king, who until now had been a happy man, came slowly back from the oracle feeling thoroughly depressed. And told his queen what an unfavourable answer he had got. They spent several miserable days brooding over their daughter’s fa te and weeping all the while. But time passed, and the cruel oracle had to be obeyed.‘The hour came when a procession formed up for Psyche’s dreadful wedding. The torches chosen were ones that burned low with a sooty, spluttering flame; instead of the happy wedding-march the flutes played a querulous Lydian lament; the marriage chant ended with funereal howls, and the poor bride wiped the tears from her eyes with the corner of her flame-coloured veil. Everyone turned out, groaning sympathetically at the calamity that had overtaken the royal house, and a day of public mourning was at once proclaimed. But there was no help for it: Apollo’s oracle had to be obeyed. So when the preliminaries of this hateful ceremony had been completed in deep grief, the bridal procession100‘moved off, followed by the entire city, and at the head of it walked Psyche with the air of a woman going to her grave, not her bridal bed.‘Her parents, overcome with grief and horror, tried to delay things b holding up the procession, but Psyche herself opposed them. "Poor Father, poor Mother, why torment yourselves by prolonging your grief unnecessarily? You are old enough to know better. Why increase my distress by crying and shrieking yourselves hoarse? Why spoil the two faces that I love best in the world by crying your eyes sore and pulling out your beautiful white hair? Why beat your dear breasts until my own heart aches again? Now, too late, you at last see the reward that my beauty has earned you; the curse of divine jealousy for the extravagant honours paid me. When the people all over the world celebrated me as the New Venus and offered me sacrifices, then was the time for you to grieve and weep as though I were already dead; I see now, I see it as clearly as daylight, that the one cause of all my misery is this blasphemous use of the Goddess’s name. So lead me up to the rock of the oracle. I am looking forward to my lucky bridal night and my marvellous husband. Why should I hesitate? Why should I shrink from him, even if he has been born for the destruction of the whole world?‘She walked resolutely forward: The crowds followed her up to the rock at the top of the hill, where they left her. They returned to their homes in deep dejection, extinguishing the wedding torches with their tears, and throwing them away. Her broken-hearted parents shut themselves up in their palace behind closed doors and heavily curtained windows.‘Psyche was left alone weeping and trembling at the very top101of the hill, until a friendly west wind suddenly sprang up. It played around her, gradually swelling out her skirt and veil and cloak until it lifted her off the ground and carried her slowly down into a valley at the foot of a hill, where she found herself gently laid on a bed of the softest turf, starred with flowers.‘It was such a cool, comfortable place to lie that she began to feel rather more composed. She stopped crying and fell asleep, and when she awoke, feeling thoroughly refreshed, it was still daylight. She rose and walked calmly towards the tall trees of a near-by wood, through which a clear stream was flowing. This stream led her to the heart of the wood where she came upon a royal palace too wonderfully built to be the work of anyone but a god; in fact, as soon as she came in at the gates she knew that some god must be in residence there.‘The ceiling, exqu isitely carved in citrus wood and ivory, was supported by golden columns; the walls were sheeted with silver on which figures of all the beasts in the world were embossed and seemed to be running towards Psyche as she came in. They were clearly the work of some demi-god, if not a full god, and the pavement was a mosaic of all kinds of precious stones arranged to form pictures. How lucky, how very lucky anyone would be to have the chance of walking on a jewelled floor like that! And the other parts of the palace which was a very large one, were just as beautiful, and just asfabulously costly. The walls were faced with massive gold blocks which glittered so brightly with their own radiance that the house had a daylight of its own even when the sun refused to shine: every room and portico and doorway streamed with light, and the furniture matched the rooms. Indeed, it seemed the sort of palace that Jupiter himself102might have build as his earthly residence. Psyche was entranced. She went timorously up the steps, and after a time dared to cross the threshold. The beauty of the hall lured her on; and every new sight added to her wonder and admiration. When well inside the palace she came on splendid treasure chambers stuffed with unbelievable riches; every wonderful thing that anyone could possibly imagine was there. But what amazed her even more than the stupendous wealth of this world treasury, was that no single chain, bar, lock or armed guard protected it.‘As she stood gazing in rapt delight, a voice sudden ly spoke from nowhere: "Do these treasures astonish your Royal Highness? They are all yours. Why not go to your bedroom now, and rest your tired body. When you feel inclined for your bath, we will be there to help you—this is one of your maids speaking—and afterwards you will find your wedding banquet ready for you."‘Psyche was grateful to the unknown Providence that was taking such good care of her and did as the disembodied voice suggested. First she found her bedroom and dozed off again for awhile, then she went to the bath, where invisible hands undressed her, washed her, anointed her and dressed her again in her bridal costume. As she wandered out of the bathroom she noticed a semi-circular table with a comfortable chair in front of it; it was laid for a banquet, though there was nothing yet on it to eat or drink. She sat down expectantly—and at once nectarous wines and appetizing dishes appeared by magic, floating up to her of their own accord. She saw nobody at all; the waiters were mere voices, and when someone came in and sang someone else accompanied him on the lyre, she saw neither of them, nor the lyre either. Then a whole invisible choir burst into song. 103‘When this delightful banquet was over, Psyche thought it must be about time to go to bed, so she went to her bedroom again and undressed and lay awake for a long time.Towards midnight she heard a gentle whispering near her, and began to feel lonely and scared. Anything might happen in a vast uninhabited place like this, and she had fears for her chastity. But no, it was the whisper of her unknown husband.‘Now he was climbing into bed with her. Now he was taking her into his arms and making her his wife.‘He left her hastily just before daybreak, and almost at once she heard the voices of her maids reassuring her that though she had lost her virginity, her chastity was safe. So she went to sleep again.‘The next d ay she made herself more at home in her palace, and on the following night her invisible husband paid her another visit. The third day and night were spent in the same way until, as one might expect, the novelty of having invisible servants wore off and she settled down to what was a very enjoyable routine; at any rate she could not feel lonely with so many voices about her.‘Meanwhile the old king and queen were doing exactly what she had asked them not to do—wasting their time in unnecessary grief and tea rs; and the news of Psyche’s sad fate spread from country to country until both her elder sisters heard all the details. They left their palaces and hurried back in deep grief to their native city to console their parents.‘On the night of their arrival Psyche’s husband, whom she still knew only by touch and hearing, warned her: "Lovely Psyche, darling wife, the Fates are cruel: you are in deadly danger. Guard against it vigilantly. Your elder sisters are alarmed at the report of your death. They will soon be visiting the rock from which104the West Wind blew you down into this valley, to see whether they can find any trace of you there. If you happen to hear them mourning for you up there, pay no attention at all. You must not answer them, nor even look up to them; for that would cause me great unhappiness and bring utter ruin on yourself."‘Psyche promised to do as her husband asked; but when the darkness had vanished, and so had he, the poor girl spent the whole day in tears, complaining over and over again that not only was she a prisoner in this wonderful palace without a single human being to chat with, but her husband had now forbidden her to relieve the minds of her poor sisters, or even to look up at them without speaking. That night she went to bed without supperor bath or anything else to comfort her, and soaked her pillow with tears. Her husband came in earlier than usual, drew her to him, still weeping, and expostulated gently with her, "O Psyche, what did you promise me? What may I expect you to do next? You have cried all day and all evening and even now when I hold you close to me, you go on crying. Very well, then, do as you like, follow your own disastrous fancies; but I warn you solemnly that when you begin to wish you had listened to me, the harm will have been done."‘She pleaded earnestly with him, swearing she would die unless she were allowed to see her sisters and comfort them and have a short talk with them. In the end she forced him to consent. He even said that she might give them as much jewelry as she pleased; but he warned her with terrifying insistence that her sisters were evil-minded women and would try to make her discover what he looked like. If she listened to them her sacri-105legious curiosity would mean the end of all her present happiness and she would never lie in his arms again.‘She thanked him for his kindness and was quite herself again. ‘No, no," she protested, "I’d rather die a hundred times over than lose you. I have no idea who you are but I love you. I love y ou desperately, I love you as I love my own soul; I wouldn’t exchange your kisses for the kisses of the God Cupid himself. So please, please grant me one more favour! Tell your servant, the West Wind, to carry my sisters down here in the same delightful way that he carried me." She kissed him coaxingly, whispered love-words in his ear, wound her arms and legs more closely around him and called him: "My honey, my own husband, soul of my soul!" Overcome by the power of her love he was forced to yield, however reluctantly, and promised to give her what she asked. But he vanished again before daybreak.106TOPCUPID AND PSYCHE (II)M EANWHILE Psyche’s sisters enquired their way to the rock where she had been abandoned. Hurrying there they wept and beat their breasts until the cliffs re-echoed. "Psyche! Psyche!" they screamed. The shrill cry reached the valley far below and Psyche ran out of her palace in feverish excitement, crying: "Sisters, dear sisters, why are you mourning for me? There’s no need for that at all. Here am I, Psyche herself! Please, please stop that terrible noise and dry your tears. In a moment you’ll be able to embrace me."’Then she whistled up the West Wind, and gave him her husband’s orders. He at once obliged with one of his gentle puffs, and wafted them safely down to her. The three sisters embraced and kissed rapturously. Soon they were shedding tears of joy, not of sorrow. "Come in now," said Psyche, "come in with me to see my new home. It will make you both very happy." "She showed them her treasure chambers and they heard the voices107of the big retinue of invisible slaves. She ordered a wonderful bath for them and feasted them splendidly at her magical table. But this revelation of Psyche’s goddess-like prosperity made them both miserably jealous—particularly the younger one, who was always very inquisitive. She was dying to know who owned all this fabulous wealth; so she pressed Psyche to tell her what sort of a man her husband was, and how he treated her.‘Psyche was loyal to her promise and gave away nothing: but she made up a story for the occasion. She said lightly that, oh, her husband was a very handsome young man, with a little downy beard, and spent all his time hunting in the neighboring hills and valleys. But when her sisters began to cross-examine her she grew afraid. Suppose she contradicted herself or made a slip or broke her promise? She loaded them both with jewelled pins and rings, festooned them with precious necklaces, then summoned the West Wind and asked him to fetch them away at once. He carried them up to the rock, and on their way back to the city the poison of envy began working again in their hearts.‘The elder said: "How blindly and cruelly and unjustly fortune has treated us! Do you think it fair that we three sisters should be given such different destinies? You and I are the two eldest, yet we get exiled from our home and friends and married off to foreigners who treat us like slaves; whi le Psyche, the result of Mother’s last feeble effort at child-bearing, is given the most marvellous palace in existence and a god for a husband, and doesn’t even know how to make proper use of her tremendous wealth. Did you ever see such masses of amazing jewels, such cupboardsful of embroidered dresses? Why, the very floors were made of gems set in solid gold! If her husband is really as good-108looking as she says, she is quite the luckiest woman in the whole world. The chances are that if he remains as fond of her as he is at present he will make her a goddess. And, my goodness, wasn't she behaving as if she were one already, with her proud looks and condescending airs? She’s only flesh and blood after all, yet she orders the winds about and has a palac eful of invisible attendants. How I hate her! My husband’s older than Father, balder than a pumpkin and as puny as little boy; and he locks up everything in the house with bolts and chains."‘"My husband," said the younger sister, "is even worse than yours. He’s doubled up with sciatica, which prevents him from sleeping with me more than once in a blue moon, and his fingers are so crooked and knobby with gout that I have to spend half my time massaging them You remember what beautiful white hands I used to have? Well, look what a state they are in now from messing about with his stinking fomentations and disgusting salves and filthy plasters! ‘m treated more like a surgeon’s assistant than a queen. You’re altogether too patient, my dear; in fact, if you will excuse my saying so, you’re positively servile, the way you accept this monstrous state of affairs. Personally, I simply can’t stand seeing my youngest sister living in such undeserved style. I’m glad you noticed how haughtily she treated us, how she bragged of her wealth and how stingy with her presents she was. Then, the moment she got bored with our visit, she whistled up the wind and had us blown off the premises. But I’ll be ashamed to call myself a woman, if I don’t see that she gets toppled down fro m her pinnacle before long and flung into the gutter. And if you feel as bitter as you ought to feel at the way109she’s insulted us both, what about joining forces and working out some plan for humbling her?"‘"I’m with you," said the elder sister. "And in the first place I suggest that we show nobody, not even Father and Mother, these presents of hers, and let nobody know that she’s still alive. It’s bad enough to have seen her reveling in her good luck, without having to bring the news home to be spread all over the place; and there’s no pleasure in being rich unless people hear about it. Psyche must be made to realize that we’re not her servants, but her elder sisters."‘"Good," said the younger one. "We’ll go back to our shabby homes and our shabby old husbands without telling Father and Mother anything. But when either of us thinks of a good plan for humbling Psyche’s pride, let’s come here again and boldly put it into operation."‘The two bad sisters shook hands on this. They hid the valuable presents that Psyche had given them and, as they neared their father’s palace, each began scratching her face and tearing out her hair in pretended grief at having found no trace of their sister; which made the king and queen sadder than ever. Then they separated: each went back full of malicious rage to her own adopted country, thinking of ways for ruining her innocent sister, even if it meant killing her.‘Meanwhile, Psyche’s unseen husband gave her another warning. He asked her one night: "Do you realize that a dangerous storm is brewing in the far distance? It will soon be on you and unless you take the most careful precautions, it will sweep you away. These treacherous bitch-wolves are scheming for our destruction: they will urge you to look at my face, though as110I have often told you, once you see it, you lose me for ever. So if these hateful vampires come to visit you again—and I know very well that they will—you must refuse to speak to them. Or, if this is too difficult for a girl as open-hearted and simple as yourself, you must at least take care not to answer any questions about me. Pretend that you have not heard them. This is most important, because we have a family on the way: though you are still only a child, you will soon have a child of your own which shall be born divine if you keep our secret, but mortal if you divulge it."‘Psyche was exultant when she heard that she might have a god for a baby. She began excitedly counting the months and days that must pass before it was born. But she knew very few of the facts of life and could not make out why the mere breach of her maiden head was having so odd an affect on her figure.‘The wicked sisters were now hurrying to Psyche’s palace again, with the ruthless hate of Furies, and once more she was warned: "Today is the fatal day. Your enemies are near. They have struck camp, marshaled their forces and sounded the ‘Charge’. They are enemies of your own sex and blood. They are your elder sisters, rushing at your with drawn swords aimed at your throat. O darling Psyche, what dangers surround us! Have pity on yourself and on our unborn child! Keep my secret safe and so guard us all from the destruction that threatens us. Refuse to see those wicked women. They have forfeited the right to be called your sisters because of the deadly hate they bare you. Forbid them to come here, refuse to listen to them when, like Sirens leaning over the cliff, they make the rocks echo with their unlucky voices. Preserve absolute silence."111‘Psyche, her voice broken with s obs, said: "Surely you can trust me? The last time my sisters came to visit me I gave you convincing proof of my loyalty and my power of keeping a secret; it will be the same again tomorrow. Only tell the West Wind to do his duty as before, and allow me to have a sight, at least, of my sisters; as a very poor consolation for never seeing you, my darling. These fragrant curls dangling all round your head; these cheeks as tender and smooth as my own; this breast which gives out such extraordinary heat; oh, how I look forward to finding out what you are really like by studying my baby’s face! So please be sweet and humour my craving—it will be bad for the baby if you refuse—and make your Psyche happy. You and I love each other so much.I promise that if you let me see them I won’t be so frightened of the dark or anxious to look at you when I have you safe in my arms, light of my life!" Her voice and sweet caresses broke down his resistance. He wiped her eyes dry with his hair, granted what she asked, and as usual disappeared again before the day broke.‘The wicked sisters landed together at the nearest port and, not even troubling to visit their parents, hurried straight to the rock above the valley and with extraordinary daring leaped down from it without waiting for the breeze to belly out their robes. However, the West Wind was bound to obey standing orders, reluctant though he might be: he caught them in his robe as they fell and brought them safely to the ground.‘They rushed into the palace crying: "Sister, dear sister, where are you?" and embraced their victim with what she took for deep affection. Then, with cheerful laughter masking their treachery, they cried: "Why, Psyche, you’re not nearly so slim as you used112to be. You’ll be a mother before very long. We’re dying to see what sort of a baby it’s going to be, and Father and Mother will be absolutely delighted with the news. Oh, how we shall love to nurse your golden baby for you. If it takes after its parents, as it ought to, it will be a perfect little Cupid."‘They gradually wormed themselves into her confidence. Seeing that they were tired, she invited them to sit down and rest while water was heated for them; and when they had。
希腊神话：厄洛斯(丘比特)Eros(Cupid) Eros(Cupid)
希腊神话：厄洛斯(丘比特)Eros(Cupid)Eros(Cupid) Eros was the god of love，better known by his latin name Cupid.Son of Aphrodite by Ares ，he took his place among the small gods of Olympus.He was represented as a little naked boy，with sparkling wings，and he carried his bow and arrows wherever he wandered.Shooting his thrilling arrows in evils，he inspired the passion of love and provided all nature with life and power of reproduction.The lovely，naughty god had two kinds of arrows：the gold tipped arrows used to quicken the pulse of love and the lead tipped ones to palsy it. Besides，he had a torch to light hearts with.Though sometimes he was blindfolded ，no man nor god，Zeus himself included，was safe from his evils.At one time the little naughty god was wounded by his own arrows and such burning love was awakened in him for the human maiden Psyche that he disregarded the constant interference of his mother and plucked up his courage to beg Zeus for justice.Another famous story where Eros played an important part was the Aeronautic expedition.Medea，daughter of king Aeetes，was wounded by Eros' arrows，took Jason's part in recovering the golden fleece and eventually became the hero's wife.厄洛斯(丘比特)厄洛斯是爱神，它的拉丁名称丘比特更为人熟知。
丘比特和普叙刻的批注
丘比特和普叙刻的批注
丘比特（Cupid）和普叙刻（Psyche）是古希腊神话中的主要
人物，也是一个著名的爱情故事的主角。
以下是他们的批注：
丘比特：
- 丘比特是罗马神话中爱与欲望之神维纳斯之子。
他通常被描
绘为一个年轻的男孩，拥有弓箭和箭袋，可以点燃人们的心弦。
他是世界上最强大的爱神，可以让任何人沉溺于爱的力量中。
- 丘比特在故事中被描述为一个聪明且狡猾的角色。
他被命令
去追求普叙刻，但他最终爱上了她，并帮助她完成了她的命令。
他的角色代表着爱情的强大和破坏性。
普叙刻：
- 普叙刻是一个非常美丽的女人，在神话中也被形容为美丽优雅，完美无缺的女性化身。
她拥有让人神魂颠倒的美貌和人格的温柔。
- 普叙刻在故事中被描述为一个忍受了许多艰辛和痛苦的角色。
她被丘比特爱上，但在她看到他真正的样子之前，她被命令完成了一系列的试炼和考验。
她的角色代表着坚韧和毅力。
这两个角色合作完成了许多艰巨的试炼和困难，最终他们的爱情得以圆满。
他们的故事被描述为一种伟大的爱情，充满了忍耐和痴情。
六个的希腊神话丘比特和普赛克故事中英文双语
T h e G o l d e n T o u c h(M i n a s) Midas，was a King of Macedonian Bromium, where he ruled over the Brigians and planted his famous rose gardens．One day,the old hero Silenus，Dionysus' former teacher, was found sleeping and drunken in the rose gardens．The gardeners tied him and led him before Midas. Then Silenus told some wonderful tales to Midas. Midas enjoyed the tales very much and entertained Silenus for five days and nights, and then ordered a guide to lead him to Dionysus' headquarters．Dionysus，who had been worrying about Silenus，was glad to see him back and asked how Midas wished to be rewarded．He replied without hesitation：‘Please turn all I touch into gold. ' However, not only stones, flowers and the furniture of his house turned to gold. Midas was delighted at first then he found the water he want to drink and the food he want to eat turned to gold too. Midas soon begged to be freed from his wish, because he was fast dying of hunger and thirst. Dionysus told him to visit the source of the river Pactolus and there wash himself. He obeyed, and was at once freed from the golden touch, but the sands of the river Pactolusare bright with gold to this day．点金术弥达斯是马其顿勃洛弥恩的国王。
赛姬与丘比特的故事
赛姬与丘比特的故事译名：赛姬或赛琪，通称蝶魂赛姬。
基本词义：Psyche在现代西语中意为灵魂、精神、心灵、心智、心理，其在古希腊语中意为象征人类灵魂的蝴蝶，兼有蝴蝶、灵魂之意的Psyche被人称为蝶魂赛姬。
来源：古希腊罗马神话职司：灵魂之神形象：身负蝶翼的美丽少女或一只灵魂之蝶（这种对灵魂的形象认识形成与公元4-5世纪，在此之前，古人认为灵魂形如烟、鸟或蒸汽）神谱中位置：罗马神话中身负羽翼、手持双箭的小爱神丘比特Cupid(即希腊神话中小爱神厄罗斯Eros)之妻（此中意义为精神与肉体的完美融合，Eros代表肉欲的享乐，而Psyche象征灵魂的契合）亚底斯德王国位于欧洲西南，是个富裕的国家，国王有三个公主，各个貌美如花，小公主赛姬尤其美艳不可方物。
当每个公主十八岁时，国王就会替公主找个驸马，然后风风光光的出嫁。
当赛姬十八岁时，国王就在城门贴出告示，欢迎邻国的国王或王子来求婚。
可能是赛姬的美貌早在她未成年时就声名远播，也或许正因为如此，大家早已将她当成女神般崇敬爱慕，因此求婚的人几乎没有。
但是远渡重洋慕名来看她一眼的，却是数不胜数。
因此在亚底斯德国土上，前去祭拜真正的美神维纳斯（罗马神话中的维纳斯Venus，即希腊神话中的阿佛洛狄忒Aphrodite）的人就变得少之又少。
这下子，便恼火了维纳斯女神。
于是，维纳斯女神命令他的儿子—丘比特用箭去射她，让赛姬爱上第一眼看见的丑陋动物。
正当丘比特前去执行他的任务时，他万万没想到，他竟然也被赛姬的美貌所迷惑，想将赛姬占为己有，可是如此一来，就违反母亲的命令了。
于是，丘比特化为一条大蛇，来到国王的梦中，要国王将赛姬带到西方的山崖边，他自会去迎娶她。
不然的话，他将用法让亚底斯德王国变得穷困，灾祸连连。
国王和赛姬商量后，赛姬决定嫁给大蛇以换取大家的幸福。
于是一行人便伤心的将赛姬送到山崖边后就离去了。
赛姬一直等到夜晚，才出现一个声音，要赛姬横越崖边，到她的新家看看。
这时，原本的山崖竟出现了一条笔直的路，一直通到一座城堡。
丘比特与Psyche的传说
丘比特与Psyche的传说：丘比特一直被喻为是爱情的象征，相传他是一个身上有着翅膀又顽皮的小神，他的箭一旦射入青年男女的心上，就会使他们深深爱着彼此。
在古希腊神话中，他是美神Venus和爱神Aphrodite的小儿子Eros。
在罗马神话中，他叫丘比特Cupid。
传说有一位国王和王后生了三个美丽的女儿，最小的是Psyche，因为她的美貌而使得Venus非常嫉妒她，便命令丘比特去惩罚她。
然而当丘比特一见到Psyche时却深深爱上了她，并使她成为自己的妻子，进而使她住进了神殿，但由于她只是个凡人，所以始终见不到丘比特的面容，为此她很郁闷。
Psyche的两个姐姐很嫉妒她在神殿里的生活，便欺骗她说丘比特是个恶魔，并怂恿她晚上偷偷看他。
她在夜晚点上油灯看到丘比特后，才知他原来是个英俊的少年。
不巧丘比特因此被惊醒愤怒离去，宫殿、花园顿时消失不见，她最后发现自己一个人躺在一片荒野上。
Psyche 到处寻找丘比特，不知不觉中来到Venus的神殿。
为了毁掉她，这位爱神交待给她很多艰钜而又危险的任务。
最后一项任务便是叫她把一个空盒子交给Proserpine（冥府的王后），并从她那边带回另一个盒子美容。
返回途中，一直有一个声音指引她如何摆脱各种死亡的威胁，并警告她取回盒子后，无论如何都不能将其开启。
Psyche克服了种种障碍，终于完成了任务。
可是最后她的好奇心还是战胜那个声音，驱使她打开盒子一探究竟。
里面装的哪是什么美容，而是地狱里的睡眠鬼。
它从盒中跑出来并附在Psyche身上，使她成了一具睡尸。
丘比特发现Psyche僵睡在地上，便从她身上抓出睡眠鬼，重新装回盒子里。
丘比特原谅了她，Venus也原谅了她。
众神被她对丘比特执着的爱情感动了，便赐予她一碗长生不老羹，并封她为女神。
终于，Psyche与丘比特自此结为伉俪。
Psyche, Greek Goddess of the SoulThe Greek goddess Psyche, strictly speaking, wasn't a natural-born goddess . . . she got there by "marrying up". But talk about mother-in-law problems, not to mention having a "mama's boy" for a husband! You'd be hard pressed to come up with a story that tops that of the Greek goddess Psyche's.The goddess Psyche started out as a mortal, but one of exquisite grace and beauty. Fervently courted by numerous mortal men and gods, Psyche truly wasn't interested in romance and she wasn't just playing hard to get! This offended Aphrodite, the goddess of love, who decided to bring Psyche down a notch by sending her son Eros, the god of love, to shoot her with one of his magical arrows tipped in an aphrodisiac that would make her fall hopelessly in love with the first man she saw, no matter how wretched, unsuitable, or unappealing he might be.But as the Fates (the Greek goddesses responsible for luck and destiny) would have it, just as Eros had Psyche lined up in his sights, Eros stumbled and accidentally pricked himself with the arrow and fell madly in love with Psyche himself.Reluctant to face mama with the news of what had happened, Eros whisked Psyche off to his palatial hideaway in the mountains for a quick wedding and lengthy honeymoon.Afraid that he might be recognized and word of his bumbling might get back to Aphrodite, Eros visited Psyche only after dark and made her swear she would never look at him. She was beginning to love him deeply and growing more curious each day about her beloved's features. Psyche decided to take just a quick peek while he lay sleeping, but a drop of hot oil from her lamp accidentally spilled on his shoulder, waking him . . . but not before she saw that he was more beautiful than any many she'd ever imagined.Another version of the story, probably the original version of "Beauty and the Beast", was that she was persuaded by her sisters, who were jealous of her good fortune in marrying into such wealth, to stab him as he slept since he surely must be a "monster" to be so fearful of her seeing him, and that he awoke to find her poised over him, knife in hand. Regardless, Eros was upset by her lack of trust and her betrayal and flew back home to mother and made a full confession.Psyche missed him enormously. Abandoned and bereft, she decided to go to go and humble herself before Aphrodite, begging for her blessing on the marriage and for the return of her husband. Aphrodite, however, saw this as her opportunity to take her revenge. She demanded that Psyche complete four tasks, each of them more frightening and difficult than the previous, if she were to prove herself worthy of marriage to her son.First, Psyche was to spend the night in a room filled with assorted grains and to have them all sorted and bagged by daybreak. Realizing the enormity of the task, Psyche huddled in the corner weeping, when an army of ants took pity on her and came to her aid, getting the job done for her well in advance of the deadline.Next Psyche was ordered to bring back the Golden Fleece belonging to a fearsome ram that had already killed several heroes who had tried to acquire his fleece. Terrified that she too would be crushed, Psyche took the adviceof a nearby reed that whispered to her to wait until nightfall when the ram slept before entering the field and to gather the fleece that had fallen off the ram and clung to the branches of the blackthorn trees.For her third task, Aphrodite gave Psyche a crystal jar and demanded she return with water taken from a waterfall positioned on a high cliff on the River Styx, the entrance to the underworld. In the depths of despair when she arrived and saw the tremendous danger involved, Psyche was amazed when an eagle, circling above her, swept down for the jar and flew off to the waterfall to fill it for her.The future goddess Psyche's last and most frightening challenge was to descend into the underworld, the kingdom of the dead, and to return with a box of sleeping potion from Persephone, the Queen of the Underworld, all the while ignoring the pleas for help from all the unfortunate that she encountered. This task was her longest and hardest: she succeeded, but Psyche was so exhausted by the effort that she took some of the potion for herself. Finding Psyche in a deep sleep and unable to rouse her, Eros rubbed the potion from her eyes and returned it to the box which he sent on to his mother.Deciding, finally, that he'd had quite enough of his mother's meddling in his affairs, and that he truly loved Psyche, he humbled himself and sought expert advice to save their marriage. He flew to Zeus, who upon Athena's advice, made Psyche immortal (a Greek goddess in her own right). Their marriage, legitimized by the king of the gods, was now restored. Even Aphrodite had to admit they made a fine couple and gave them her blessing.The myths of the Greek goddess Psyche exemplify a woman's search for authentic personal growth, a reminder that the integration of our experiences, however sad or frightening they may be, matures and transforms us, like the symbol of the butterfly emerging into the light from its dark cocoon.Story of Eros and PsycheLittle rascal：The Eros who met Psyche is the son of Aphrodite, a very wicked boy as some say, lacking all manners, and spending his time in running all night long from building to building, and with his arrows breaking up respectable homes.Psyche worshipped for her beauty：Psyche was one of the three daughters of an otherwise unknown king and his queen. All three sisters were very beautiful, but Psyche's beauty was beyond description. People would talk about her as if she were Aphrodite incarnated as a mortal. Her beauty was such that she was regarded as a new Goddess of Love, and as her Fame spread many came from distant countries to witness this extraordinary wonder.Aphrodite neglected：As a result, the shrines of Aphrodite were empty and her festivals neglected, and instead of visiting the temples of this sweet goddess, people made long pilgrimages to see the greatest beauty of their time, the princess Psyche. In this way they started worshipping Psyche, scattering flowers in her path, and addressing her by the titles that belong to lovely Aphrodite.Ridiculous cult：The goddess disliked this state of affairs, as there is nothing more ridiculous than when a mortal is regarded and honoured as a god. For, however brilliant a human may be, there is no way of comparing a mortal, who walks upon the dirty mud of earth, with the subtle delicacy of those who inhabit Heaven.Possible remedy：So, as so many had lost their minds worshipping a mortal as a god, Aphrodite thought the time had come to put things right, and calling her darling son Eros, she instructed him to shoot his arrows against the girl, and thus make her fall in love with some kind of accomplished outcast of a man, the worst specimen of the human race he could find, lacking rank, fortune, character, intelligence, courage, and whatever good quality one could think of, and being in the most perfect state of degradation.Psyche feels miserable：During all this time Psyche got not satisfaction at all, because men, instead of falling in love with her in a plain way, stared at her, praised her, and paid her all kinds of honours, without ever daring to make love to her. So while her elder sisters were married to kings, the mass of admirers and worshippers were still treating her like a wonderful statue. And because of this absurd situation, Psyche, who had remained single, started feeling miserable, and began to hate that same beauty of hers, which had turned her into an object of cult. The Oracle：Even her father started fearing that this inconvenient cult might upset the gods, which inevitably happens when humans transgress the limits of their nature, acting as if they were someone else. So he went to the Apollo's Oracle at Miletus, and there he asked where he was to find a husband for her daughter, given that all menshowed such an abnormal behavior. But the answer he received was of no consolation, since the Oracle declared that Psyche was to marry a horrible monster on the top of a mountain.The Day of the Wedding：Following the Oracle, a procession, looking more like a funeral cortege than a bridal train, was then formed to lead Psyche to the top of the mountain, and there they left her weeping and trembling until the West Wind (Zephyrus 1), suddenly springing up, lifted her off the ground, and having carried her down into a valley, laid her gently on a bed starred with flowers. There she stopped crying and fell asleep, and when she awoke she walked towards a near-by wood, and in its very heart she found a palace, so wonderfully built that she knew at once that this was the residence of a god.The first night：When she had walked among the many wonders treasured in this fabulous castle, a voice coming from nowhere informed her that the castle was hers, and gently invited her to rest in the bedroom while she awaited her bath and the wedding banquet. When later the banquet was over, she went to her bedroom, and while she lay awake in the dark she heard the gentle whisper of her unknown husband, as he was climbing into bed with her. But after having made love to her, her husband left her, just before daybreak. And in this way night after night her husband paid her visit, without ever showing himself.The Family's Concern and the Husband's Warning：Meanwhile, Psyche's parents and sisters were wasted in grief and tears believing her dead, and the sisters reunited with the parents in order to console them. And when her sisters started searching for her, the unknown husband warned Psyche not to listen or look at them if she wanted to avoid utter ruin and unhappiness.Psyche's anxiety：But when she again saw herself left alone by this lovely but still mysterious husband, she felt like a prisoner in the wonderful palace, even forbidden to relieve the minds of her worried sisters. And as she knew nothing better than crying, and at the same time said that she would die unless she were allowed to see her lovely sisters, her unknown husband consented. However, he warned her that her sisters were evil-minded women, and would try to make her discover how he looked like; and that if she ever agreed to this it would be the end of her happiness, and she would lose him for ever. On hearing this Psyche, calling him "soul of my soul" and thanking him many times, said that she never would consent to such a thing. So he, overcome by her and his own love, however reluctantly, promised to arrange the visit of her sisters, and as always disappeared at daybreak. Psyche's sisters come to visit her：Next day the West Wind brought Psyche's sisters from the top of the mountain to the castle, and as the unknown husband had said, they started to feel miserably jealous as soon as they arrived and saw the wonderful abode of Psyche. And as it is the case in such circumstances, they thought that Psyche was really not worth such goddess-like prosperity, for themselves, if they had the chance, they would know better than her how to make proper use of such masses of jewels, embroidered dresses, floors made of gems and set in gold, and all other marvels.Misery grows：So, having been confronted with such tremendous wealth, the sisters now saw their own husbands, not as kings as they really were, but rather as beggars, and their own palaces they judged to be shabby homes; and having received presents from Psyche, they decided not to show them to anybody, and not even mention that Psyche was still alive. For through such a simple device they intended to deprive Psyche of the pleasure of being rich, because, what pleasure is to be found in possessions, they reasoned, if nobody knows about it ? But for the future they agreed to think of a way of making this proud Psyche a little bit more humble, and so to say, bring her back to reality.New visit, new warning：The god knew that a storm was about to come with the sisters' next visit, and he once more warned Psyche not to speak a word about him, as the sisters were scheming for their destruction and would finally urge the now pregnant Psyche to look at her husband's face. But as Psyche insisted, and now she even argued that it would be bad for the baby if she felt unhappy, the god, out of love, consented again, and as before disappeared at daybreak.Sowing Doubt：When the sisters paid a new visit, they reminded Psyche of Apollo's oracle, and carefully put into her mind that she was perhaps lying all nights with a poisonous snake. And as doubt became the master of Psyche's mind, the sisters found her ready to receive their bold instructions: to prepare a lamp and a knife for the night and to wait for her husband's sleep, and then, with the light to assist her, plunge the knife in her husband's neck and cut off his head.Preparing crim e：Psyche, determined to follow the instructions, went back to her room, and like anybody fostering such intentions, her mind was like a storm. For this way of solving troubles never fails to create evengreater worries from the very beginning. But the course of action had been decided, and when the moment came she uncovered the lamp and let its light shine on the bed.The god discovered：Well done! But no need for the murderous knife! For there was no poisonous snake, but the sweet and beautiful god gently sleeping. Psyche could now not stop staring at his beauty. Examining his weapons, she pulled an arrow out of the quiver, and on touching the point with his finger to try its sharpness, she pressed too hard and pierced the skin, and out came a drop of blood. This is is how Psyche was wounded by the love weapons of Eros, falling desperately in love with him, forgetting everything, and letting the lamp drop on the god's shoulder, who awakening spread his wings and flew away without a word. But as Psyche had seized his leg, Eros, flying down, returned her to the ground, and there explained to her how he had disobeyed his mother Aphrodite and fallen in love with her, and how he now would be flying away from her, which happened immediately.Psyche's requital：This is how Psyche paid back the bad advices she had received. First of all she went wandering in the woods, but later she came to the city, where her elder sister was queen of a "shabby" kingdom. When Psyche met her sister the queen, she told her how she had discovered Eros lying in her bed, and how he, coming to his senses because of the drop of scalding oil, had called her wicked, saying that he would divorce her and marry her elder sister instead. So, on hearing those splendid news, Psyche's sister rushed off to her "shabby" husband and king, and said that she had to travel home at once because her parents were dead. Having then arrived to the top of the mountain, she called for Eros and the West Wind, and taking a leap, she cast herself down and was destroyed by the rocks which cut her to pieces. And exactly the same thing happened to the other sister.Psyche wanders, Eros is sick, and the world decays：In the meantime, Psyche went on traveling, looking for Eros, who was in no country but in Heaven lying in bed and suffering from the love-disease. But as a result of this the world had become ugly and dull because as Pleasure, Grace, and Wit had now disappeared from the surface of the earth, nobody cared for their children, or for their friends and lovers, and everybody found even disgusting to show any kind of affection.Aphrodite intervenes：So when Aphrodite learned from a gull that this disaster was the outcome of her son's love pains, not for a Muse or another goddess, but for a mortal woman, who besides had been her rival because of her extraordinary beauty, she was really upset, and coming back to Heaven after witnessing the miserable state of earth, she threatened Eros with taking his weapons away from him and giving them to someone else, covering him with all sorts of reproaches.Runaway Wanted：Most of all Aphrodite wished now to catch the runaway princess who would not acknowledge she had a mistress in the goddess of love, punish her, and reestablish order and affection on earth, along with the worship she herself deserves. So an announcement was made, and a reward was offered to whoever would give any information about Psyche, and the reward was this:Old Habit catches Psyche：It is not known if Old Habit, who finally caught Psyche, received the promised reward, or whether he was able to enjoy it. In any case Psyche was brought to Aphrodite, who promised her the sort of welcome that a good mother-in-law is bound to give her son's wife, and clapping her hands the goddess called her attendants Anxiety and Grief, and gave Psyche over to them for a lesson.Psyche punished with tasks：When Anxiety and Grief had done their job, torturing Psyche in all possible ways, they brought her back to Aphrodite, who let the pregnant girl know that she was not at all happy to become the grandmother of what she called a bastard. So she gave Psyche some impossible tasks to work on, like classifying huge quantities of different grains, just to see, she said, how industrious she was. But even if in every task Psyche was helped by someone who felt pity for her, she nurtured the desire of ending her miserable life, and went about planning how she would take her life. And take her life was what Aphrodite herself seemed to desire, because finally she ordered Psyche to fetch water from the river Styx, a task she only survived thanks to Providence, who always notice when innocent souls are in trouble, and Zeus' Eagle, who filled the jar with the requested Stygian water.Most difficult task：So when Psyche returned with the water in the jar, Aphrodite thought she must be a clever and wicked witch, and gave her yet another task: to go to Queen Persephone in the Underworld carrying a box and ask the queen of the dead for a little of her beauty, and having done so, bring the box back to Aphrodite, who had to make such a drain of her own beauty while taking care of her sick son by night.Guide to the Underworld：Psyche thought that the most direct way to the Underworld was to jump from a tower, but as she was about to take her life, the tower broke into human speech, dissuaded her of taking a way withoutreturn, and instructed her about the entrance to the Underworld that may be found at Taenarum in southern Hellas, and about the convenience of taking with her two pieces of barley bread soaked in honey for the Hound of Hades, and two coins in her mouth for the greedy ferryman Charon (one for the arrival and one for the return). For Avarice lives in the Underworld, and there they do not do anything for nothing, which in fact makes it difficult for poor people to achieve true death, as they instead had to wander without hope on this side of the river Styx, which is in fact similar to their fate on earth, where they are prevented to achieve true life. Psyche was also instructed not to feel pity for anybody in the Underworld, and never grant the requests of the dead, as hauling them into the boat or giving any kind of help, for Pity is strictly forbidden in that world.Psyche in the Underworld：Psyche did what she was told, and when she met Persephone, still following instructions she sat on the ground instead of on the cushioned chair she was offered, and she refused the meal that was served in front of her. For he who eats in the Underworld has to stay there for ever, and he who sits in that chair forgets everything. So Persephone, having listened to Psyche, filled the box as the girl requested, and Psyche was allowed to return to the world of lovely light.Curiosity puts Psyche in danger again ：But as before Psyche could not restrain her curiosity, and thinking besides that taking a tiny touch of the beauty contained in the box would show that she was clever and not a fool who lets go by such an splendid opportunity, she opened the box, but out crept not beauty but truly Stygian sleep, and falling to the ground, she lay like a corpse, the open box beside her.Eros rescues Psyche：Now Psyche would have slept for ever, had not Eros, now recovered from his sickness, come to her and awakened her, which was bound to happen. For there is no place for Love to dwell except in the Soul, who animates all things, and there is no meaning for the Soul to live and be awake except for the sake of Love. So Eros shut the cloud of sleep up again in the box and roused Psyche with the harmless prick of an arrow. Eros helped by Zeus：Eros now consoled Psyche, but fearing his mother, he flew off to Heaven, and casting himself as a suppliant at the supreme god's feet, he pleaded his case. So Zeus, who had been defiled by Eros so many times, found on this occasion the opportunity to prevent Eros, by marrying him, from shooting so many arrows at his divine heart, so often and in such an unpredictable manner. Zeus then called a council of the gods in which he informed his decision, that Eros was to marry Psyche, possess her, and cherish her for all times to come. Immortality and offspring：This is how Psyche, through Eros' office, entered Heaven and gained immortality. For as Love cannot dwell in any other place but the Soul, the Soul cannot enter Heaven but through Love. And Lucius Apuleius, who, as far as it is known, was the only one to have ever written these facts, though he himself denies to have committed them to writing, says that the child of Eros and Psyche was named Pleasure.。
六个经典的希腊神话丘比特和普赛克故事中英文双语
T h e G o l d e n T o u c h(M i n a s) Midas，was a King of Macedonian Bromium, where he ruled over the Brigians and planted his famous rose gardens．One day,the old hero Silenus，Dionysus' former teacher, was found sleeping and drunken in the rose gardens．The gardeners tied him and led him before Midas. Then Silenus told some wonderful tales to Midas. Midas enjoyed the tales very much and entertained Silenus for five days and nights, and then ordered a guide to lead him to Dionysus' headquarters．Dionysus，who had been worrying about Silenus，was glad to see him back and asked how Midas wished to be rewarded．He replied without hesitation：‘Please turn all I touch into gold. ' However, not only stones, flowers and the furniture of his house turned to gold. Midas was delighted at first then he found the water he want to drink and the food he want to eat turned to gold too. Midas soon begged to be freed from his wish, because he was fast dying of hunger and thirst. Dionysus told him to visit the source of the river Pactolus and there wash himself. He obeyed, and was at once freed from the golden touch, but the sands of the river Pactolusare bright with gold to this day．点金术弥达斯是马其顿勃洛弥恩的国王。
爱神与赛姬CupidandPsyche
爱神与赛姬CupidandPsyche
爱神与赛姬 "Cupid and Psyche"
裘里欧．贝冈左里（意大利，1822~1868）
相传赛姬拥有絻世的美色，使得维纳斯大为嫉妒，遂令儿子丘彼特用他那无可抗拒的箭，使赛姬爱上最丑恶的怪物，没想到连丘彼特也被赛姬的美迷惑而跌入爱情的漩涡之中。此件雕塑呈现丘彼特轻盈地浮在空中，温柔的吻著赛姬，丘彼特、赛姬双人形成Ｘ形的姿势，上扬的动态，传达出传说中缠绵爱情的浪漫，是意大利雕塑家贝冈左里的代表作之一。
六个经典希腊神话、丘比特和普赛克故事
The Golden Touch (Minas)Midas，was a King of Macedonian Bromium, where he ruled over the Brigians and planted his famous rose gardens．Oneday,the old hero Silenus ，Dionysus' former teacher,was found sleeping and drunken in the rose gardens ． The gardeners tied him and led him before Midas. Then Silenus told some wonderful tales to Midas. Midas enjoyedthe tales very much and entertained Silenus for five days and nights,and then ordered a guide to lead him to Dionysus' headquarters．Dionysus ，who had been worrying about Silenus， was glad to see him back and asked how Midas wished to be rewarded ． He replied without hesitation ：‘Please turn all I touch into gold . ' However, not only stones, flowers and the furniture of his house turned to gold. Midas was delighted atfirst then he found the water he want to drink and the food he want toeat turned to gold too. Midas soon begged to be freed from his wish,because he was fast dying of hunger and thirst.Dionysus told him to visit the source of the river Pactolus and there wash himself. He obeyed,and was at once freed from the golden touch, but the sands of the river Pactolusare bright with gold to this day．点金术弥达斯是马其顿勃洛弥恩的国王。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• Cupid[‘kju:pɪd] n.丘比特(罗马神话中的爱
神)
Cupidity [kjuː'pɪdɪtɪ] n.贪心，贪婪 Cupid n.鸡尾酒
• Eros ['iərɔs] n.厄洛斯（爱神）
Erotic [ɪ‘rɒtɪk] a.色情的 n.好色之
• Wounded himself with his own arrow
• He fell in love with Psyche
• Psyche roamed about（漫游） looking for her husband. The holy Ceres（谷神） told her the way to the temple of Venus.
• Cupid fall in love with Psyche
• Four tasks
•The third was to go to the very
summit of a great mountain to bring a bottle of water for Venus
• Jupiter ['dʒu ː pɪtə]朱庇特（罗马神话中的宙 斯神）
BACK
Outline
• Venus’s revenge • Cupid fall in love
with Psyche • Four tasks •pid found Psyche lifeless on the ground. He kissed her gently and the slumber（睡眠） came out from her body.
• Finally ,Venus forgave her. • They had a child call Pleasure.
• Psyche [‘saɪkɪ] 普赛克（女子名）
Psyche ['saɪkɪ]
n.灵魂，精神
Psychoanalyst [saɪkəʊ'ænəlɪst] n.精神分析家
Psychology [saɪ'kɒlədʒɪ]
n.心理学
Psychodrama ['saɪkəʊdrɑːmə] n.心理剧
• Venus [‘viːnəs] 维纳斯（爱与美的女神） Venus n.金星
徒
Psyche
• Daughter of a king • Her beauty could be compared
with that of Goddess Venus. • Many people mistook her for Venus
herself, and offered her the garlands（花环） which they had bought for Venus.
• Venus give her four impossible work to punish her.
• Ceres['siəri:z] 刻瑞斯（谷类的女 神）
Cereals ['sɪrɪəl] n.谷类，早餐麦片 instant cereals 即食麦片
BACK
Outline
• Venus’s revenge
• Aphrodite[,æfrə'daɪti] 阿佛洛狄特
Outline
• Venus’ revenge
Venus's revenge
• Venus was very angry,determined to take revenge on Psyche.
• she told Cupid to shoot Psyche with one of his golden pointed arrows, let her fall in love with some wretched (可怜的)beggar, the most degraded（卑贱的） that
Jupiter [天] n.木星 by Jupiter 天哪， 哎呀，好家伙
•The last task was to get some of the beauty of Proserpine（女阎罗) , and put it in a box. •She was warned not to open the box. But temptation overcame she, and she opened the box. •Instead of finding beauty, she found deadly slumber(瞌睡虫).
BACK could be found.
• Venus’s revenge • Cupid fall in love
with Psyche
Outline
Cupid fall in love with Psyche
• As soon as Cupid saw Psyche, he was so surprised by her beauty
丘比特和普赛克的爱情故事
Cupid
• Venus' son,the god of love. • Cupid always carried his bow
and arrows wherever he went.
• the gold-tripped arrows ：
quicken the pulse of love