英文文献综述标准范文
英文文献综述标准范文
以下是英文文献综述的标准范文：Title: Literature Review on [Topic]Introduction:In this literature review, we will explore the existing research and literature on [topic]. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research in this area and to identify gaps and areas for further study. Through this review, we hope to gain a deeper insight into [topic] and contribute to the development of knowledge in this field.Methodology:A systematic search was conducted using a range of databases including [list databases used] to identify relevant studies and literature on [topic]. The search terms used included [list search terms]. The inclusion criteria for studies were [list inclusion criteria]. The exclusion criteria were [list exclusion criteria]. The search was limited to studies published in English between [start date] and [end date].Results:A total of [number] studies were identified through the search. [Briefly summarize the studies, highlighting the main findings and key themes]. The studies were categorized into [list categories]. [Provide a table or figure summarizing the studies].Discussion:The literature review revealed [list key findings and themes]. These findings suggest [list implications and conclusions drawn from the studies]. However, the review also identified gaps in the literature, including [list gaps and areas for further research]. Future studies could [list potential research directions].Conclusion:In conclusion, this literature review provides a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research on [topic]. The review highlights the importance of [topic] and the need for further research in this area. The findings of this review can inform future research and contribute to the development of knowledge in this field.Reference:[Provide a list of references cited in the literature review].。
文献综述英文作文
文献综述英文作文1. The study by Smith et al. (2018) focused on the impact of social media on mental health among teenagers. The findings revealed a significant correlation between excessive social media use and symptoms of anxiety and depression.2. In a different study conducted by Johnson and Brown (2017), the researchers explored the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in older adults. The results indicated that regular exercise was associated with improved memory and cognitive abilities.3. A recent meta-analysis by Lee and Kim (2019) examined the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions for reducing stress and anxiety. The analysis found that mindfulness practices were effective in reducing symptoms of stress and anxiety across various populations.4. The research by Garcia et al. (2020) investigatedthe impact of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance. The study demonstrated that sleep deprivation led to impairments in attention, memory, and decision-making abilities.5. Another study by Patel and Jones (2016) explored the role of nutrition in mental health. The findings suggested that a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids was associated with lower rates of depression and anxiety.6. The review by Wang and Li (2018) examined the prevalence of smartphone addiction among college students. The review highlighted the negative consequences of excessive smartphone use, including decreased academic performance and social isolation.7. A study by Chang et al. (2019) investigated the relationship between social support and resilience in individuals facing adversity. The findings indicated that strong social support networks were associated with higher levels of resilience and psychological well-being.8. The research by Taylor and Smith (2017) explored the impact of music therapy on individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The study found that music therapy interventions were effective in improving social skills, communication, and emotional regulation in individuals with autism.。
英文文献综述标准范文
英文文献综述标准范文下面是店铺为大家整理的一些关于“英文文献综述标准范文”的资料，供大家参阅。
英文文献综述范文How to Write a Literature Review ?I. The definition of Literature Review文献综述(Literautre Review)是科研论文中重要的文体之一。
它以作者对各种文献资料的整理、归纳、分析和比较为基础，就某个专题的历史背景、前人的工作、研究现状、争论的焦点及发展前景等方面进行综合、总结和评论。
通过阅读文献综述，科研工作者可花费较少的时间获得较多的关于某一专题系统而具体的信息，了解其研究现状、存在的问题和未来的发展方向。
II. The purposes of literature review And Its ComponentsA. The PurposesOn the one hand, it helps you broaden the view and perspective of the topic for your graduation thesis.On the other hand, it helps you narrow down the topic and arrive at a focusedresearch question.B. Its ComponentsThere are six parts in a complete Literature Review.标题与作者(title and author)摘要与关键词(abstract and key words)引言(introduction)述评(review)结论(conclusion)参考文献(references)III. Classification of Source MaterialsHow can we locate the materials relevant to our topics betterand faster? Basically, all these source materials may be classified into four majors of sources.A: Background sources:Basic information which can usually be found in dictionaries andencyclopedia complied by major scholars or founders of the field. Three very good and commonly recommenced encyclopedias are encyclopedias ABC, namely, Encyclopedia Americana, Encyclopedia Britannica, and Collier’s Encyclopedia. There are also reference works more specialized, such as The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics for linguistics and TEFL studies. Moreover, you may also find Encyclopedia on the web.B: Primary sourcesThose providing direct evidence, such as works of scholars of the field,biographies or autobiographies, memoirs, speeches, lectures, diaries, collection of letters, interviews, case studies, approaches, etc. Primary sources come in various shapes and sizes, and often you have to do a little bit of research about the source to make sure you have correctly identified it. When a first search yields too few results, try searching by broader topic; when a search yields toomany results, refine your search by narrowing down your search.C: Secondary sourcesThose providing indirect evidence, such as research articles or papers, bookreviews, assays, journal articles by experts in a given field, studies on authors orwriters and their works, etc. Secondary sources will informmost of your writingin college. You will often be asked to research your topic using primary sources,but secondary sources will tell you which primary sources you should use andwill help you interpret those primary sources. T o use theme well, however, youneed to think critically them. There are two parts of a source that you need toanalyze: the text itself and the argument within the text.D: Web sourcesThe sources or information from websites. Web serves as an excellentresource for your materials. However, you need to select and evaluate Websources with special care for very often Web sources lack quality control. Youmay start with search engines, such as Google, Yahoo, Ask, Excit e, etc. It’s agood idea to try more than one search engine, since each locates sources in itsown way. When using websites for information, be sure to take care for theauthorship and sponsorship. If they are both unclear, be critical when you useinformation. The currency of website information should also be taken intoaccount. Don’t use too out information dated for your purpose.IV. Major strategies of Selecting Materials for literaturereviewA. Choosing primary sources rather than secondary sourcesIf you have two sources, one of them summarizing or explaining a work andthe other the work itself, choose the work itself. Never attempt to write a paperon a topic without reading the original source.B. Choosing sources that give a variety of viewpoints on your thesisRemember that good argument essays take into account counter arguments.Do not reject a source because it makes an argument against you thesis.C. Choosing sources that cover the topic in depthProbably most books on Communicative Language Teaching mention WilliamLittlewood, but if this your topic, you will find that few sources cover the topicin depth. Choose those.D. Choosing sources written by acknowledged expertsIf you have a choice between an article written by a freelance journalist onTask-based Teaching and one written by a recognized expert like David Nunan,Choose the article by the expert.E. Choosing the most current sourcesIf your topic involves a current issue or social problem or development in ascientific field, it is essential to find the latest possible information. If all thebooks on these topics are rather old, you probably need to look for information inperiodicals.V. Writing a literature ReviewA. When you review related literature, the major review focuses should be:1. The prevailing and current theories which underlie the research problem.2. The main controversies about the issue, and about the problem.3. The major findings in the area, by whom and when.4. The studies which can be considered the better ones, and why.5. Description of the types of research studies which can provide the basis for the current theories and controversies.6. Criticism of the work in the area.B. When you write literature review, the two principles to follow are:1. Review the sources that are most relevant to your to your thesis.2. Describe or write your review as clear and objective as you can.C. Some tips for writing the review:1. Define key terms or concepts clearly and relevant to your topic.2. Discuss the least-related references to your question first and the mostrelated references last.3. Conclude your review with a brief summary.4. Start writing your review early.VI. 文献综述主要部分的细节性提示和注意事项主要部分细节提示：引言(Introduction)引言是文献综述正文的开始部分，主要包括两个内容：一是提出问题;二是介绍综述的范围和内容。
英语文献综述演讲稿范文
Introduction:Good morning/afternoon, esteemed colleagues and fellow researchers. Today, I would like to present a comprehensive literature review on the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity. As the global climate continues to change, understanding the implications of these changes on our food systems is crucial for developing effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. This review aims to summarize the existing research and highlight the key findings regarding the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity.1. Introduction to Climate Change and AgricultureClimate change refers to long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns that are primarily driven by human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels. Agriculture, being highly dependent on climate and weather conditions, is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The primary concerns include changes in temperature, precipitation patterns, extreme weather events, and rising sea levels.2. Temperature Changes and Agricultural ProductivitySeveral studies have shown that rising temperatures can have significant negative impacts on agricultural productivity. Higher temperatures can lead to heat stress in crops, reduced water availability, and increased pest and disease pressure. For instance, a study by Lobell et al. (2011) found that increasing temperatures have led to a decrease in wheat and maize yields in the United States.3. Precipitation Patterns and Agricultural ProductivityChanges in precipitation patterns are another critical factor affecting agricultural productivity. Droughts, floods, and changes in the timing and distribution of rainfall can all impact crop yields. A study byInter-Ministerial Group on Climate Change (2014) in India highlighted the adverse effects of frequent droughts and floods on agricultural productivity, particularly in the context of rainfed crops.4. Extreme Weather Events and Agricultural ProductivityExtreme weather events, such as hurricanes, cyclones, and heavy rainfall, have become more frequent and intense due to climate change. Theseevents can cause significant damage to crops, infrastructure, and livelihoods. A study by Dhakal et al. (2014) in Nepal revealed that extreme weather events have led to a decrease in agricultural productivity, particularly in the rice and wheat sectors.5. Climate Change and Pest and Disease PressureClimate change can also influence the distribution and prevalence of pests and diseases that affect crops. Warmer temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns can create favorable conditions for pests and pathogens, leading to increased crop damage. A study by Kort et al. (2016) found that climate change has led to an increase in the spread of pests and diseases in agricultural systems.6. Adaptation and Mitigation StrategiesTo address the challenges posed by climate change, various adaptationand mitigation strategies have been proposed. These strategies include developing drought-resistant crop varieties, improving water management practices, implementing precision agriculture techniques, and promoting sustainable land management practices. A study by Vermeulen et al. (2010) emphasized the importance of integrated approaches that combine multiple adaptation strategies to enhance agricultural productivity under changing climate conditions.7. Research Gaps and Future DirectionsDespite the extensive research on the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity, several research gaps remain. Furtherresearch is needed to understand the complex interactions betweenclimate change, agricultural systems, and socioeconomic factors. Additionally, more research is required to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of adaptation and mitigation strategies tailored tospecific regions and crops.Conclusion:In conclusion, this literature review has provided an overview of the existing research on the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity. The evidence suggests that climate change posessignificant challenges to our food systems, particularly in terms of temperature changes, precipitation patterns, extreme weather events, and pest and disease pressure. To mitigate these challenges, it is crucial to implement effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Further research is needed to address the remaining gaps and develop sustainable solutions for the future of agriculture under a changing climate.References:- Lobell, D. B., Bala, G., & Caldeira, K. (2011). Global and regional climate impacts of recent extreme weather events. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(11), 4245-4250.- Inter-Ministerial Group on Climate Change (2014). India's Climate Change Assessment Report 2014. New Delhi: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.- Dhakal, S., Pachauri, S., & Flachsland, C. (2014). The impacts of climate change on food security in the Hindu Kush Himalayas. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 19(6), 639-661.- Kort, J. M.,, & Diekmann, M. (2016). Climate change and the spread of pests and pathogens in agricultural systems. Trends in Plant Science,21(6), 529-537.- Vermeulen, S. J., Leatherman, P., & Muir, J. F. (2010). Climate change and food security: impacts, adaptation options and the role of agrobiodiversity. Food Security, 2(3), 219-231.。
英语论文的文献综述模板,范例
关于“The Code Hero Image of AmericanCulture in the Brave Heart ”之文献综述学生：谈乐天指导老师：孙艳淮南师范学院外语系2015届引言自从美国著名作家厄尼斯特.海明威在他的小说中开创了一种全新的写作形象——硬汉形象（即准则英雄Code Hero）。
后来的很多年，直至现在，中外都有众多的作家或者是导演，又或是其他的文艺创作者们，都学习并应用了海明威的这一文学艺术形象，令现如今的文学世界增添了一道亮丽的色彩。
而在众多学习、研究或是沿用“硬汉形象”这一文学艺术形象的作品中，我所侧重的是1995年好莱坞电影《勇敢的心》中的硬汉形象研究。
众所周知，《勇敢的心》是一部史诗性的大片，由梅尔.吉布森导演并主演，片中的威廉.华莱士是一个崇尚自由，热爱民主，追求爱情，并且拥有强大个人能力以及无坚不摧的意志力的人。
事实上，威廉.华莱士一人，历史上确有其人。
13世纪的不列颠岛，苏格兰人民与英格兰统治者之间的抗争一直都在进行着。
而威廉.华莱士就是此时期出现的一个英雄，一个硬汉。
那么，本文就主要探讨和研究这部电影和其中的“硬汉形象”吧。
一、研究历史什么是硬汉形象（或者说是准则英雄）呢？硬汉形象就是海明威在他的一系列作品中描写的那些具有身体和心里潜力的、崇尚自由和尊严的、拥有强大技能的，同时敢于面对和克服困难和死亡的文学艺术形象。
比如，《老人与海》（The Old Man And the Sea）中的圣地亚哥，《太阳照常升起》(The Sun Also Rises)中的杰克•巴尼斯，还有《丧钟为谁而鸣》(For Whom the Bell Tolls)中的罗伯特•乔丹以及《永别了，武器》（A Farewell to Arms）中的亨利，等等。
现在的文学艺术世界拥有这一形象的原因，全归功于海明威的创造。
而海明威作为一名举世闻名，甚至将是流传千古的作家，自他之后，已经有很多中外的学者专家们把研究的对象转向了他，同样转向了由他开创的“硬汉形象”。
英文文献综述万能模板范文
英文文献综述万能模板范文Title: A Critical Review of [Research Area]Abstract:This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of [Research Area]. It critically analyzes key studies, identifies gaps in research, and highlights potential areas for future exploration. The review covers a wide range of topics, including [specific topics related to the research area], with a focus on their theoretical and empirical implications.Introduction:The field of [Research Area] has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its growing relevance in various industries and disciplines. [Research Area] encompasses a diverse range of topics, from [specifictopics] to [other related topics]. Despite its breadth, however, there is a paucity of literature that offers a holistic view of the field's progress and challenges. This review aims to bridge this gap by synthesizing the key findings and contributions of previous studies, while also highlighting areas that require further investigation.Methodology:To ensure a comprehensive and rigorous review, we searched for relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, and book chapters. We focused on articles published within the last five years, as this period represents the most recent advancements in the field. We also included articles that were highly cited or had a significant impact on the field.Key Findings and Discussion:1. [Topic 1]: [Research Area] has seen significant progress in [Topic 1], with numerous studies exploring various aspects of it. [Provide a brief overview of the keyfindings and studies in this area, discussing their theoretical and empirical contributions.]2. [Topic 2]: While [Topic 2] has received some attention, there remain several unresolved questions and challenges. [Discuss the current understanding of Topic 2, identify research gaps, and suggest potential directionsfor future research.]3. [Topic 3]: Recent studies have begun to explore the intersection of [Research Area] and [Topic 3], offering new insights and perspectives. [Describe the emerging trends and potential implications of this intersection.]Conclusion:This review article has provided a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of [Research Area], focusing on key topics such as [specific topics]. While the field has made significant progress, there are still numerous challenges and unresolved questions that require further investigation. Future research should focuson addressing these gaps, while also exploring new directions and applications of [Research Area] in various contexts.References:[List of references, including journal articles, books, and other relevant sources.]Please note that this is a template and you would need to replace the placeholders (e.g., [Research Area], [specific topics]) with relevant information specific to your research area and topic. You can also expand upon each section, adding more details and citations as needed to reach the desired word count.。
文献综述英文例文通用
文献综述英文例文通用IntroductionA literature review is an important component of academic research. It helps researchers to identify existing gaps in knowledge, evaluate the current state of research in a particular area, and generate ideas for future research. A good literature review should be comprehensive, up-to-date and well-organized. This article will provide a general guideline on how to write a literature review, including the structure, format and content.StructureA literature review should have an introduction, main body and conclusion. The introduction should provide the background information on the topic, the research question, and the purpose of the review. The main body should be divided into different sections based on the themes or topics. Each section should summarize the key findings from the literature and explain how they relate to the research question. Finally, the conclusion should summarize the main findings from the review, identify the gaps in the existing literature, and suggest possible avenues for future research.FormatA literature review can be written in different formats depending on the discipline and the research topic. In general, there are two common formats: the narrative review and the systematic review. The narrative review is a descriptive summary of the literature, whereas the systematic review is a more rigorous evaluation of the literature using a predefined search strategy and inclusion/exclusion criteria.ContentThe content of a literature review should be focused on the research question and the themes identified in the main body. The literature reviewed should be relevant, reliable, and recent. The sources of the literature can be primary or secondary, depending on the research question and the availability of the literature. The sources can be in different forms, such as articles, books, reports, conference proceedings, and online databases.TipsHere are some tips on how to write a good literature review:- Start early: Begin the literature review as early as possible to allow sufficient time for reading, writing, and revising.- Define the research question: Clearly define the research question to guide the literature search and the selection of the literature.- Use appropriate keywords: Use appropriate keywords and search terms to identify the relevant literature.- Keep records: Keep a record of the literature searched, read and cited to avoidduplication and facilitate referencing.- Analyze and synthesize: Analyze the literature critically and synthesize the findings into a coherent and organized structure.- Avoid plagiarism: Acknowledge the sources of the literature accurately and avoid plagiarism by paraphrasing and referencing properly.- Be critical: Be critical of the literature reviewed and identify the strengths, weaknesses, and limitations of the research in the field.ConclusionIn summary, a literature review is an essential component of academic research, and it requires careful planning, organizing, and writing. A good literature review should provide a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the existing literature and identify the gaps and limitations in the research field. By following the guidelines and tips provided in this article, researchers can write a well-structured, informative and engaging literature review.。
文献综述英文模板
文献综述英文模板撰写文献综述英文模板的步骤如下：1. Title: Use a clear and concise title that reflects the focus of your literature review.2. Abstract: Provide a brief overview of your literature review, including the research question, methods, key findings, and conclusions.3. Introduction: Explain the background and importance of your topic, introduce the research question, and outline the aims and objectives of your literature review.4. Literature Search Methodology: Describe the search strategy you used to identify relevant studies, including databases, keywords, and inclusion/exclusion criteria.5. Summary of Literature Reviewed: Highlight the key findings and themes from the studies you have included in your literature review, paying attention to their relevance to your research question.6. Analysis and Discussion: Analyze and compare the findings from the selected studies, exploring patterns, trends, and gaps in the literature. Discuss how these findings contribute to ourunderstanding of the topic and identify any limitations or biases in the research.7. Conclusion: Summarize the main points of your literature review and highlight its significance. Draw conclusions about the state of research on your topic and identify any gaps or future research directions.8. References: Cite all the studies included in your literature review using the appropriate referencing style (, APA, MLA).这是一个基本的文献综述英文模板，具体内容可能需要根据研究领域和主题进行调整。
文献综述英语范文500字
文献综述英语范文500字英文回答：Title: The Role of Social Media in the Lives of Teenagers: A Comprehensive Literature Review.Introduction:Social media platforms have become an integral part of the lives of teenagers, shaping their communication, social interaction, and overall well-being. This comprehensive literature review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the existing research on the multifaceted impact of social media on teenagers.Positive Impacts:1. Enhanced Communication: Social media provides a convenient and accessible channel for teenagers to communicate with friends, family, and peers. It enablesthem to stay connected, share experiences, and maintain relationships despite physical distance.2. Social Development: Social media can facilitatesocial interaction and foster a sense of belonging. Teenagers can connect with like-minded individuals, join online groups, and participate in virtual activities.3. Information Access: Social media platforms serve asa source of information for teenagers. They can access news, educational content, and diverse perspectives, expanding their knowledge and awareness.Negative Impacts:1. Cyberbullying: Social media can provide a platformfor cyberbullying, where teenagers may experience online harassment, threats, or humiliation. This can have detrimental effects on their mental health and self-esteem.2. Addiction and Excessive Use: Uncontrolled social media use can lead to addiction and excessive screen time.This can result in decreased physical activity, sleep disturbances, and reduced academic performance.3. Mental Health Concerns: Studies have linked excessive social media use to increased levels of anxiety, depression, and body dissatisfaction among teenagers. The constant comparison of oneself to others and the exposure to idealized images can contribute to negative body perceptions and self-doubt.Conclusion:The impact of social media on teenagers is a complex and multifaceted issue. While it offers opportunities for enhanced communication, social development, and information access, it also poses risks such as cyberbullying, addiction, and mental health concerns. It is important for researchers, educators, and policymakers to continue exploring the effects of social media on this vulnerable population and develop strategies to mitigate the negative impacts while maximizing the positive ones.中文回答：题目，社交媒体在青少年生活中的作用，文献综述。
英语文献综述范文
Introduction:Social media has become an integral part of daily life for adolescents worldwide. While it offers numerous benefits such as communication, entertainment, and information sharing, it also poses potential risks to their mental health. This review aims to summarize the recent studies on the impact of social media on adolescents' mental health, highlighting the key findings and discussing the implications for future research and interventions.1. Social Media Use and Mental Health:Several studies have explored the relationship between social media use and mental health in adolescents. A study by Twenge et al. (2018) found that increased social media use was associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety in adolescents. Similarly, an analysis by Primack et al. (2017) revealed that heavy social media use was linked to poor mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem.2. Social Comparison and Body Image:Social media platforms often promote unrealistic beauty standards and can lead to social comparison among adolescents. A study by Tiggemann and Slater (2011) indicated that exposure to idealized images on social media was associated with body dissatisfaction and eating disorders. Furthermore, an investigation by Zaki and Nairne (2018) demonstratedthat social comparison on social media can negatively impactadolescents' self-esteem and body image.3. Cyberbullying:Cyberbullying is a significant concern in the context of social media use among adolescents. A study by Hinduja and Patchin (2010) revealed that cyberbullying is prevalent among adolescents and is associated with negative mental health outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Moreover, an analysis by Smith et al. (2017) found that victims of cyberbullying are more likely to experience mental health problems compared to non-victims.4. Social Media and Sleep Patterns:Social media use has also been linked to sleep disturbances among adolescents. A study by Walsh et al. (2016) indicated that excessive use of social media before bedtime can lead to poor sleep quality and duration. Furthermore, a meta-analysis by Cai et al. (2018) suggested that social media use before bedtime is associated with increased sleep latency and reduced sleep efficiency.5. Interventions and Prevention:Given the potential negative impacts of social media on adolescents' mental health, several studies have explored interventions and prevention strategies. A study by Soenens et al. (2017) examined the effectiveness of a school-based program aimed at reducing cyberbullying and promoting positive social media use among adolescents. The findings suggested that the program was successful in improving mental health outcomes and reducing cyberbullying incidents. Additionally, an investigation by Zha et al. (2019) explored the role of parental monitoring and communication in mitigating the negative effects ofsocial media on adolescents' mental health.Conclusion:The recent studies on the impact of social media on adolescents' mental health have provided valuable insights into the potential risks and benefits associated with social media use. While social media offers numerous advantages, it also poses significant risks to adolescents' mental health, including social comparison, cyberbullying, and sleep disturbances. Future research should focus on developing effective interventions and prevention strategies to mitigate these risks and promote positive social media use among adolescents. Additionally, policymakers and educators should be aware of these findings and take appropriate measures to support adolescents in navigating the complexities of social media.。
英文文献综述万能模板范文
英文文献综述万能模板范文英文回答：Introduction.A literature review is a comprehensive survey of the existing research on a particular topic. It provides a critical analysis of the literature, identifying the key themes, gaps, and areas for future research. A well-written literature review can help readers quickly and easily understand the current state of knowledge on a topic.Steps to Writing a Literature Review.1. Define your topic. The first step is to define the scope of your literature review. This includes identifying the key concepts, variables, and research questions that you will be addressing.2. Search for relevant literature. Once you havedefined your topic, you need to search for relevant literature. This can be done through a variety of sources, including academic databases, Google Scholar, and library catalogs.3. Evaluate the literature. Once you have found a bodyof literature, you need to evaluate it to determine its relevance, quality, and credibility. This involves reading the abstracts and full text of the articles and assessing their strengths and weaknesses.4. Organize your review. Once you have evaluated the literature, you need to organize it into a logical structure. This may involve grouping the articles by theme, methodology, or research question.5. Write your review. The final step is to write your literature review. This should include a clear introduction, a body that discusses the key findings of the literature, and a conclusion that summarizes your findings andidentifies areas for future research.Tips for Writing a Literature Review.Be comprehensive. Include all of the relevant literature on your topic, even if it is not supportive of your hypothesis.Be critical. Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the literature, and identify any gaps in the research.Be clear and concise. Write in a clear and concise style, and avoid using jargon or technical language.Proofread carefully. Make sure to proofread your literature review carefully before submitting it.中文回答：文献综述的撰写步骤。
英文文献综述怎么写范文(汇总3篇)
拆解论文结构，是一个很好的理解论文，学习论文写作，同时提高逻辑思维和表达的方法。
方法其实很简单，但凡事不能一蹴而就。
但相信勤加练习以后，你一定会觉得看论文、写论文都不再那么那么痛苦。
最后再来复习一遍步骤吧：step 1：找到自己喜欢的文献综述。
step 2：提炼框架。
提取出文献综述中的结构性语句，得到该篇文献综述的框架。
step3：填答案。
根据得到的框架来有目的地查阅文献，提取相关信息，填上答案。
得到初稿。
step4：多选几篇。
重复之前的方法，对其反复拆解、组装，最终得到完全属于自己的litera ture review。
英文文献综述怎么写范文第2篇当我们已经提炼出一篇文献综述的框架，去填每个空的答案就比较容易了。
但因为论文最注重的就是理论支撑。
我们不能随便百度到答案就填上去。
我们在文献综述中引用的一切，都需要在原文中找到依据。
但去看原文实在太累了。
所以建议的方法是：先在知乎、Quora、学术论坛或者相关好懂的文献综述，看看他们是如何引用这篇paper，评价这篇paper的。
看完之后你的心里就已经有底了。
那么我们需要做的也很简单：1. 翻到相关部分2. 关键词定位 (快速找到答案）3. 同义词替换 (降重)文献综述是一种通过对已有文献进行梳理、分析和评价的方法，以形成系统性的综合性文献报告，探讨某个问题的现状、发展趋势以及未来研究方向的方法。
那么如何写优秀的文献综述呢？下面从几个角度为大家介绍。
1.明确研究目的和问题在写文献综述之前，先要明确自己的研究目的和问题，这有助于你在文献中寻找和汇总符合研究方向的文献资料，也能避免收集到不必要的资料浪费时间。
2.合理筛选文献来源3.分类整理文献资料在文献综述的写作过程中，需要将搜集到的文献进行分类整理，例如按照时间、地区、专业领域、研究角度等进行整合，方便后续的分析和总结。
4.分析比较文献中不同观点和研究方法通过对文献的比较和分析，可以了解研究领域发展的趋势、发现未解决的问题和矛盾，并提出自己的新的解决方法，这就需要作家具有较强的综合分析能力。
英语专业文献综述范文
英语专业文献综述范文As an author of Baidu Wenku document, I am going to write a comprehensive review of English major literature. English major literature review is a critical analysis of the existing literature on a specific topic within the field of English studies. It is an essential part of academic research and provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in a particular area.The purpose of an English major literature review is to identify gaps in the existing literature and to highlight areas for future research. It also helps to provide a theoretical framework for the research and to demonstrate the significance of the study within the broader field of English studies.In conducting an English major literature review, it is important to use a systematic approach to search for and select relevant literature. This may involve searching electronic databases, library catalogs, and other sources of scholarly information. It is also important to critically evaluate the quality and relevance of the literature that is identified, and to synthesize the findings in a clear and coherent manner.There are several key components of an English major literature review, including an introduction that provides an overview of the topic and its significance, a discussion of the existing literature, a critical analysis of the literature, and a conclusion that summarizes the key findings and identifies areas for future research.In writing an English major literature review, it is important to use clear and concise language, and to organize the information in a logical and coherent manner. It is also important to use proper citation and referencing, and to follow the conventions of academic writing.In conclusion, an English major literature review is an essential part of academic research in the field of English studies. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge in a particular area, and helps to identify gaps in the existing literature and areas for future research. By using a systematic approach to search for andselect relevant literature, and by organizing the information in a clear and coherent manner, it is possible to produce a high-quality literature review that makes a significant contribution to the field of English studies.。
英文文献综述
英文文献综述Title: A Comprehensive Review of English Literature: Unveiling the Depths of Literary ExplorationIntroduction:English literature, a vast and intricate tapestry woven through centuries, stands as a testament to the richness of human expression. This comprehensive review embarks on a journey through the annals of English literary works, uncovering the diverse themes, styles, and influences that have shaped the literary landscape.I. Historical Evolution:English literature traces its roots to the medieval period, with epic poems like "Beowulf" and the Arthurian legends capturing the essence of a bygone era. The Renaissance era ushered in a literary renaissance, marked by the works of William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, and John Milton, whose enduring masterpieces continue to resonate across time.II. The Romantic Movement:The 18th century witnessed the emergence of the Romantic movement, characterized by a celebration of nature, individualism, and emotion. Poets like William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge crafted verses that awakened a profound sense of beauty and wonder.III. Victorian Literature:The Victorian era brought forth a shift in focus tosocial issues, morality, and industrialization. Charles Dickens, Charlotte Brontë, and Thomas Hardy explored the complexities of human nature against the backdrop of arapidly changing society.IV. Modernism and Beyond:The 20th century witnessed the advent of modernism, challenging traditional norms with experimentation in form and content. T.S. Eliot's "The Waste Land" and VirginiaWoolf's "Mrs. Dalloway" exemplify the avant-garde spirit that defined this era. Postmodernism further dismantled conventions, giving rise to a kaleidoscope of voices and narratives.V. Diverse Themes and Perspectives:English literature encompasses a myriad of themes, ranging from love and loss to social justice and existentialism. Through the lenses of various cultures and identities, authors like Chinua Achebe, Jhumpa Lahiri, and Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie contribute to a global literary dialogue.VI. Literary Influences and Movements:The interconnected nature of literature reveals a web of influences and movements that transcend geographical boundaries. From the Harlem Renaissance to the Beat Generation, each movement leaves an indelible mark on the literary canvas, reflecting the cultural zeitgeist of its time.VII. Contemporary Voices:In the 21st century, English literature continues to evolve, amplifying diverse voices and addressing pressing issues. Authors like Zadie Smith, Arundhati Roy, and Haruki Murakami contribute to a vibrant literary mosaic that mirrors the complexities of our contemporary world.Conclusion:This comprehensive review traverses the expansive terrain of English literature, unraveling the threads of itshistorical evolution, thematic diversity, and global impact. As we navigate the pages of literary masterpieces, we discern a continuous narrative, echoing the human experience in its myriad forms. English literature, a reservoir of collective wisdom and imagination, remains an eternal source of inspiration for generations to come.。
英语学科方面的文献综述范文3000字
英语学科方面的文献综述范文3000字全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: A Literature Review on the English Language SubjectIntroductionEnglish language is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world and is the primary language of communication in many fields such as education, business, and diplomacy. Understanding the significance of the English language, it is essential to explore the various aspects of the English language subject, which would contribute to our knowledge and practices in teaching and learning English. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on the English language subject, focusing on its teaching methodologies, learning strategies, and the impact of technology in English language education.Teaching Methodologies in English Language EducationSeveral studies have examined different teaching methodologies in English language education, including the traditional grammar-translation method, communicativelanguage teaching, task-based learning, and content-based instruction. The research suggests that communicative language teaching is the most effective approach to teaching English as a second language, as it focuses on real-life communication and interaction. Task-based learning has also been proven to be beneficial in English language education, as it encourages students to work on meaningful tasks that promote communication and language development.Learning Strategies in English Language EducationResearch on learning strategies in English language education has shown that students employ various strategies to enhance their language learning process. These strategies include cognitive, metacognitive, affective, and social strategies. Cognitive strategies involve the mental processes used by students to understand and remember new information, while metacognitive strategies help students monitor and regulate their own learning. Affective strategies focus on managing emotions and motivation, while social strategies involve interactions with others to improve language skills.Impact of Technology in English Language EducationWith the advancement of technology, there has been a growing interest in incorporating technology into Englishlanguage education. Research has shown that technology can enhance language learning by providing interactive and engaging learning experiences. Online resources, language learning apps, and digital tools have been used to support language learning outside the classroom and enable personalized learning experiences. Virtual reality and augmented reality technologies have also been explored to create immersive language learning environments that simulate real-life situations.ConclusionIn conclusion, this literature review has highlighted the importance of exploring the various aspects of the English language subject, including teaching methodologies, learning strategies, and the impact of technology in English language education. The research suggests that communicative language teaching is an effective approach to teaching English as a second language, while task-based learning promotes language development through meaningful tasks. Students also employ various learning strategies to enhance their language learning process, and technology has the potential to enhance language learning by providing interactive and engaging learning experiences. Further research is needed to explore innovativeapproaches to teaching and learning English language education to meet the diverse needs of learners in the 21st century.篇2Title: Literature Review on Research in English Language TeachingIntroductionEnglish language teaching has been a prominent field of study in the education sector for decades. As the world becomes more interconnected, the importance of English as a global language has increased significantly. This literature review aims to provide an overview of recent research in the field of English language teaching and explore the advancements and challenges facing educators and researchers in this area.MethodsTo conduct this literature review, a systematic search was performed using online databases such as Google Scholar, JSTOR, and ERIC. Keywords such as "English language teaching," "pedagogy," "technology," and "assessment" were used to narrow down the search results. Only peer-reviewed articles published in the last five years were included in this review.Findings1. Technology in English Language TeachingOne of the key themes that emerged from the literature review was the integration of technology in English language teaching. Researchers have explored the use of various technological tools such as online platforms, mobile apps, and virtual reality to enhance language learning. Studies have shown that technology can make learning more interactive and engaging for students, leading to improved outcomes in language acquisition.2. Task-Based LearningTask-based learning has gained popularity in recent years as a more student-centered approach to teaching English. Researchers have highlighted the benefits of using real-world tasks and activities to promote language learning and communication skills. Task-based learning has been shown to be effective in improving students' fluency, accuracy, and confidence in using English.3. Multilingualism and DiversityWith the increasing cultural diversity in classrooms, educators are exploring new strategies to support multilingualstudents in English language learning. Research has shown that embracing students' native languages and cultures can enhance their language acquisition and overall academic performance. Educators are encouraged to adopt a more inclusive approach and create a supportive environment for diverse learners.4. Assessment in English Language TeachingAssessment plays a crucial role in evaluating students' language proficiency and progress in English language teaching. Recent research has focused on innovative assessment methods such as performance tasks, portfolios, and self-assessment tools. These approaches aim to provide a more holistic view of students' language abilities and promote reflective learning practices.Challenges and Future DirectionsDespite the advancements in research in English language teaching, several challenges remain. One of the key challenges is the digital divide, where students from disadvantaged backgrounds may not have access to technology for language learning. Educators need to address this disparity and ensure equal opportunities for all students. Additionally, the growing emphasis on standardized testing in English language teachinghas raised concerns about its impact on teaching and learning outcomes.In conclusion, this literature review has highlighted the recent advancements and challenges in English language teaching research. Educators and researchers are encouraged to continue exploring innovative approaches to enhance language learning and support the diverse needs of students. By addressing the challenges and embracing new technologies, English language teaching can evolve to meet the demands of a globalized world.篇3Literature Review on the English Language Teaching FieldIntroductionEnglish language teaching is a dynamic and constantly evolving field that has undergone significant changes in recent years due to advances in technology and changes in educational practices. This literature review aims to provide an overview of current research and trends in the field of English language teaching, focusing on key topics such as language acquisition, teaching methodologies, and the use of technology in the classroom.Language AcquisitionOne of the central concerns in the field of English language teaching is the process of language acquisition. Researchers have focused on understanding how second language learners acquire English language skills and the factors that influence language learning. Studies have shown that the age at which a learner begins studying English, as well as their motivation and exposure to the language, can impact their language proficiency.Research has also explored the role of individual differences such as cognitive abilities and learning styles in language acquisition. For example, learners who have a strong auditory memory may excel in pronunciation, while those withvisual-spatial intelligence may find it easier to understand written texts. Understanding these individual differences can help educators tailor their teaching approaches to better meet the needs of diverse learners.Teaching MethodologiesTeaching methodologies play a crucial role in English language education, as they determine how language skills are taught and practiced in the classroom. Traditional teaching methods focused on grammar rules and memorization, but recent research has emphasized the importance ofcommunicative language teaching approaches that prioritize meaningful communication and real-world language use.Task-based learning, for example, is a popular approach that involves engaging students in authentic language tasks that help them develop their language skills in context. This approach encourages learners to use English to complete real-world tasks, such as giving presentations or participating in group discussions. Research has shown that task-based learning can improve students' fluency, accuracy, and confidence in using English.The use of technology in language teaching has also transformed the way English is taught in classrooms around the world. Online resources such as language learning apps, virtual classrooms, and interactive multimedia materials have made language learning more accessible and engaging for students. Research has shown that technology-enhanced language learning can improve students' motivation, engagement, and language proficiency.ConclusionIn conclusion, the field of English language teaching is a rich and diverse area of research that continues to evolve as new technologies and teaching approaches emerge. Byunderstanding key topics such as language acquisition, teaching methodologies, and the use of technology in the classroom, educators can better meet the needs of their students and promote effective language learning. Further research and collaboration among educators, researchers, and policymakers are essential to advancing the field of English language teaching and improving language education for learners worldwide.。
经典英文文献综述范文
经典英文文献综述范文English:A classic English literature review typically provides an overview and analysis of key works in a particular field or topic. It often begins with an introduction that outlines the scope and purpose of the review, followed by a discussion of the historical context and the evolutionof the topic. The literature review then delves into a detailed examination of the most influential and significant texts, identifying key themes, arguments, and methodologies employed by the authors. The review also seeks to identify gaps or unresolved issuesin the existing research, and may propose avenues for future exploration in the field. This type of literature review is valuable for scholars and researchers seeking to gain a comprehensive understanding of the state of knowledge in their area of study, and often serves as a foundation for new research projects and critical debates within the academic community.中文翻译:经典的英文文献综述通常提供了一个特定领域或主题关键作品的概述和分析。
英语文献综述的范文
Title: English Literature Review: AComprehensive PerspectiveIn the realm of academic research, the literature review serves as a critical component, particularly in the field of English literature. This paper aims to provide an extensive overview of the significant developments and trends within the discipline, drawing upon a diverse range of sources and perspectives.Firstly, it is essential to recognize the evolving nature of English literature, which has been shaped by various historical, cultural, and societal influences. The early works of Shakespeare, for instance, have been extensively analyzed for their thematic depth andlinguistic intricacies. Modern scholars continue to delve into these classics, offering fresh interpretations that resonate with contemporary audiences.Moreover, the emergence of new literary genres and movements has significantly broadened the scope of English literature. Postmodernism, for example, has challenged traditional narrative structures and perspectives, introducing elements of ambiguity and fragmentation. Thistrend has been explored in numerous studies, highlighting the diverse ways in which authors have responded to and shaped the postmodern era.Furthermore, the intersection of English literature with other disciplines, such as psychology, sociology, and anthropology, has opened up new avenues for research. The exploration of character psychology in literary texts, or the analysis of societal norms and values reflected in literature, are just a few examples of thisinterdisciplinary approach.In terms of methodologies, the literature review has also undergone significant transformations. With the advent of digital technologies and online databases, scholars now have access to vast repositories of information, enabling them to conduct more comprehensive and rigorous reviews. However, the challenge lies in effectively synthesizing and evaluating this vast amount of data.One notable trend in recent years has been the increasing focus on global perspectives in English literature. With the growth of international literary movements and the rise of multiculturalism, scholars arenow more inclined to explore the global dimensions of literary works. This approach not only broadens our understanding of English literature but also promotes cross-cultural understanding and exchange.Moreover, the impact of gender and race on English literature has also been a topic of increasing interest. The examination of how gender roles and racial identities are represented and constructed in literary texts has provided valuable insights into the complex intersections of identity, power, and representation.In conclusion, the literature review in English literature is a dynamic and evolving field that continues to shape our understanding of the discipline. By exploring diverse themes, genres, and methodologies, scholars are able to delve deeper into the rich tapestry of English literature, revealing new meanings and perspectives that resonate with our contemporary world.**英语文献综述：全面视角**在学术研究领域，文献综述是一个至关重要的组成部分，尤其在英语文学领域更是如此。
英语文献综述模板
Title: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Transforming Healthcare Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in various industries, including healthcare. This paper aims to review the contributions of AI in revolutionizing healthcare delivery, diagnosing diseases, improving patient outcomes, and enhancing operational efficiencies. Through an analysis of recent studies and publications, we will explore the potential of AI to revolutionize healthcare and its implications for the future.Body:1.AI in Healthcare Delivery: AI technologies, including machine learningand natural language processing, have paved the way for personalizedhealthcare delivery. Intelligent systems analyze patient data, medical records, and symptoms to provide tailored treatment options, reducing the risk ofmisdiagnosis. AI-powered chatbots and virtual assistants assist in triage,answering routine questions, and assisting patients, thereby reducing theburden on healthcare professionals and improving efficiency in healthcaredelivery.2.Disease Diagnosis and Predictive Analytics: AI algorithms holdpromise in diagnosing diseases accurately and efficiently. Through the analysis of medical images, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs, AI systems can detectabnormalities and assist radiologists in making accurate diagnoses.Furthermore, predictive analytics powered by AI can identify patterns andpotential risks, allowing healthcare providers to intervene early and prevent adverse outcomes for patients.3.Precision Medicine: AI is revolutionizing the field of precisionmedicine by enabling personalized treatment plans based on genetic andmolecular profiles. Through the analysis of vast amounts of genomic data, AI algorithms can identify genetic mutations and biomarkers guiding targetedtherapies. This approach holds the potential to improve treatment outcomes and minimize adverse reactions to medications.4.Healthcare Operations and Administration: AI technologies have alsosignificant implications for enhancing operational efficiencies in healthcare.Machine learning algorithms can efficiently manage and optimize hospitalresources, such as bed allocation, staff scheduling, and supply chainmanagement, reducing waiting times and improving cost-effectiveness.Furthermore, AI-powered systems can process and analyze healthcare data,leading to improved healthcare planning, resource allocation, and policy-making.5.Ethical Considerations and Challenges: While the potential benefits ofAI in healthcare are substantial, several ethical considerations and challenges must be addressed. Privacy concerns, data security, bias in AI algorithms, andaccountability are some of the key challenges that need to be navigated inimplementing AI in healthcare. Additionally, the potential displacement ofcertain healthcare professionals and the need to ensure human oversight and decision-making highlight the ethical implications of AI adoption.Conclusion: The integration of AI in healthcare has the potential to transform the way healthcare is delivered, diagnosed, and managed. From personalized treatment plans to more efficient healthcare operations, AI technologies offer opportunities for improved patient outcomes and operational efficiencies. However, ethical considerations and challenges must be addressed to ensure the responsible and effective implementation of AI in healthcare. The continued exploration and research in the field of AI in healthcare will play a vital role in shaping the future of healthcare delivery.。
英语文献综述 范文
英语文献综述范文English: Conducting a literature review in English requires a comprehensive understanding of the research topic, the ability to analyze and synthesize information, and critical thinking skills to evaluate different studies. The process involves systematically searching for relevant articles, reading and summarizing the key points, analyzing the findings, and identifying gaps in the existing research. A well-written literature review should provide a clear overview of the current state of knowledge on the topic, discuss different perspectives and findings, and propose future research directions. Additionally, it is essential to acknowledge and cite the sources properly to avoid plagiarism and give credit to the original authors for their work.Chinese: 进行英语文献综述需要全面了解研究主题，具备分析和综合信息的能力，以及评估不同研究的批判性思维技能。
文献综述英语范文500字
文献综述英语范文500字English Answer:The growing prevalence of social media has raised concerns about its potential impact on mental health, particularly among adolescents. This literature review aims to examine the relationship between social media use and mental health outcomes in adolescents, focusing on both positive and negative effects.Research indicates that social media use can have positive implications for adolescent mental health. Some studies suggest that it fosters social connectedness, provides platforms for self-expression, and facilitates access to information and support. Social media can also be used to promote positive body image, reduce stigma, and provide a sense of belonging.However, there is also evidence that social media use can have negative consequences for adolescent mental health.Excessive or problematic use has been linked to increased symptoms of depression, anxiety, loneliness, and low self-esteem. Social media can facilitate cyberbullying, foster social comparison, and create unrealistic expectations, all of which can contribute to mental health issues.The relationship between social media use andadolescent mental health is complex and multifaceted. It is influenced by factors such as the frequency and duration of use, the specific platforms used, and individual characteristics. Additionally, the impact of social media can vary depending on the user's age, gender, and overall mental health status.To address the potential risks associated with social media use, it is important to promote healthy online habits among adolescents. Parents, educators, and healthcare professionals should encourage responsible use, limitscreen time, and promote critical evaluation of information. Additionally, it is crucial to foster resilience andprovide support for adolescents who may struggle withmental health issues related to social media use.中文回答：社交媒体的日益普及引发了对其对心理健康潜在影响的担忧，尤其是在青少年群体中。
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英文文献综述标准范文述评(review)结论(conclusion)B: Primary sourcesThose providing direct evidence, such as works of scholars of the field,biographies or autobiographies, memoirs, speeches, lectures, diaries, collection of letters, interviews, case studies, approaches, etc. Primary sources come in various shapes and sizes, and often you have to do a little bit of research about the source to make sure you have correctly identified it. When a first search yields too few results, try searching by broader topic; when a search yields toomany results, refine your search by narrowing down your search.C: Secondary sourcesThose providing indirect evidence, such as research articles or papers, bookreviews, assays, journal articles by experts in a given field, studies on authors orwriters and their works, etc. Secondary sources will inform most of your writingin college. You will often be asked to research your topic using primary sources,but secondary sources will tell you which primary sources you should use andwill help you interpret those primary sources. To use theme well, however, youneed to think critically them. There are two parts of a source thatyou need toanalyze: the text itself and the argument within the text.D: Web sourcesThe sources or information from websites. Web serves as an excellentresource for your materials. However, you need to select and evaluate Websources with special care for very often Web sources lack quality control. Youmay start with search engines, such as Google, Yahoo, Ask, Excite, etc. It’s agood idea to try more than one search engine, since each locates sources in itsown way. When using websites for information, be sure to take care for theauthorship and sponsorship. If they are both unclear, be critical when you useinformation. The currency of website information should also be taken intoaccount. Don’t use too out information dated for your purpose.IV. Major strategies of Selecting Materials for literature reviewA. Choosing primary sources rather than secondary sourcesIf you have two sources, one of them summarizing or explaining a work andthe other the work itself, choose the work itself. Never attempt to write a paperon a topic without reading the original source.B. Choosing sources that give a variety of viewpoints on your thesisRemember that good argument essays take into account counter arguments.Do not reject a source because it makes an argument against you thesis.C. Choosing sources that cover the topic in depthProbably most books on Communicative Language Teaching mention WilliamLittlewood, but if this your topic, you will find that few sources cover the topicin depth. Choose those.D. Choosing sources written by acknowledged expertsIf you have a choice between an article written by a freelance journalist onTask-based Teaching and one written by a recognized expert like David Nunan,Choose the article by the expert.E. Choosing the most current sourcesIf your topic involves a current issue or social problem or development in ascientific field, it is essential to find the latest possible information. If all thebooks on these topics are rather old, you probably need to look for information inperiodicals.V. Writing a literature ReviewA. When you review related literature, the major review focuses should be:1. The prevailing and current theories which underlie the research problem.2. The main controversies about the issue, and about the problem.范围;(2)使用一般现在时介绍背景知识，使用现在完成时叙述他人成果，使用一般将来时或一般现在时简介本文内容;(3)结构力求简洁明了，多用简单句，并列成份较为常见;作者要对大量有关文献进行系统的整理、归纳、对比和分析，在此基础上列出与主题有关的所有重要学术观点，然后分别加以论述，以便读者获得全面的了解。
回顾前人研究，以时间为序，由远及近。
以有叙有议的方式体现述评的功能，叙前人研究，议其结果、探其原因、究其不足。
分析评论，特别是表达作者自己的观点时，要客观、谨慎，因此多使用模糊性语言和表推测的语言形式。
综述的结论(Conclusion)结论不仅是作者对全文的总结，也是作者发表个人的部分，一般有标题Conclusion 或Summary，较短的综述如果没有小标题，则往往有As mentioned above，To sum up，Toconclude，Inshort，In all 等引出结论。
结论的内容包括：对述评的归纳、对各种问题的评论性意见、对未来研究的建议或展望。
二.注意事项⒈搜集文献应尽量全面。
掌握全面、大量的文献资料是写好综述的前提，否则，随便搜集一点资料就动手撰写是不可能写出好的文献综述，甚至写出的文章根本不成为综述。
⒉注意引用文献的代表性、可靠性和科学性。
在搜集到的文献中可能出现观点雷同，有的文献在可靠性及科学性方面存在着差异，因此在引用文献时应注意选用代表性、可靠性和科学性较好的文献。
⒊引用文献要忠实文献内容。
由于文献综述有作者自己的评论分析，因此在撰写时应分清作者的观点和文献的内容，不能篡改文献的内容。
⒋ Hence, the numbers of researches on contemporary Chinese vogue expressions translation are expected to be increased and the comprehensive and detailed researches on this field are also expected to appear. Since 1990s, scholars have already paid attention to Chinese vogue expressions, but the research at that time is still in the stage of tentative exploration. Some representative papers are: City Buzzwords and Social-Cultural Analysis (Sun Manjun,1996:101～107) discusses the development and changes of buzzwords in the current society facing transformation as well as the relation between buzzwords and background of social culture and psychological changes of urban people; Metaphorically Semantic Generalization of Vogue Expressions (Liu Dawei,1997:35 ～38) talks about the semantic generalization of metaphors of vogue expressions; Study on Creativity and Homoplasy of Language from Vogue Expressions (Xia Lihong, 1999:16～18) treats the development process of vogue expressions from the characteristics of creativityand homoplasy, believing that vogue expressions are originally the “creativity” used in a certain range, and finally surpass the original range of use because of the interaction among people and the homoplasy of aesthetic interests. Due to the characteristics of timeliness, periodicity and randomness, some vogue expressions can not be included in common dictionaries, therefore, language scholars carried out the work of compiling vogue expressions dictionaries, such as Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese Vogue Expressions (XiongZhongwu, 1992), andBeijing Modern Buzzwords (Zhou Yimin, 1992).After entering 21st century, increasingly great number of Chinese vogue expressions emerges and penetrates into different aspects of social life; accordingly, related researches on Chinese vogue expressions become comparatively richer. Researching on Chinese vogue expressions has already become the hot topic of linguistic and cultural circles. The Linguistic will contribute to the filed of Chinese vogue expressions and make references forothers who are interested in contemporary Chinese vogue expressions and their Translations.ReferencesBlackmore S. The Meme Machine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999Collins ***** English-Chinese Learner’s Dictionary. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press，2007. 226 Einar, H. The Analysis of linguistic Borrowing. Language, 1950 (26):210～231Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2004.283Merriam-Webster’s Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary. Beijing:Merriam-Webster, 2009. 223New York Times, Jul. 4, 2010Nord, Christiane. Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functional Approach Explained. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001Oxford Adv anced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 268Romaine, Suzanne. Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994陈原. 社会语言学. 北京：商务印书馆，2000陈原. 新词语. 北京：出版社，2000:1丁加勇. 论流行语语义的不确定性及其发展前景. 华中大学学报，2004，(6)：160～164郭熙，语言学. 南京：南京大学出版社, 1999.151韩李. 当代汉语流行语探析. 河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)，2007,(3)：181黄平飞. 浅论流行语——透过央视春晚来看流行语.科教文汇(下旬刊)，2009,(3):237姜红. 试论的社会流行语. 安徽农业大学学报(社会科学版)，2005，(11)：108～112劲松.流行语新探.语文建设,1999,(3):22～26 李娜. 近十年流行语研究述评. 鞍山师范学院学报，2007-06,9(3)：35～赵丽薇，袁晓雪. 流行语的运用方式及使用规范探究——以春晚语言类节目为例. 调查与研究,2010,(8): 15～16References李丽君. 及文书写作[M]. 北京：清华大学出版社，2002. 田贵森, 段晓英.英语专业教程[M]. 北京：北京理工大学出版社.2006.刘振聪. 英语学术论文写作[M]. 北京：中国人民大学出版社. 2009。