天津市2020年高考英语一轮复习 语法专项之定语从句精讲学案(无答案)

定语从句

一个句子充当了定语，那么这个句子就叫定语从句

可以充当定语的

1 adj a beautifu girl

2 n. An apple tree

3介词短语 a girl in red.

4 非谓语 doing 表主动，表进行

Done 表被动，表完成

To do 表目的，表将来

非谓语作前置定语 a falling leaf 一片正在飘落的叶子

A fallen leaf 一片已经飘落的叶子

非谓语作后置定语 a girl speaking french.

A film called Tatanic

The meeting to be held in 3 hours is very important. 定语从句： he is a man who comes from England.

先行词关系词从句

关系词：关系代词: which that who whom as whose

关系副词:when where why

填写关系词的三个步骤

1先确定定语从句部分

2 找先行词

3 把先行词带入定语从句中，看其在定语从句中充当什么成分

4确定关系词

详解

一当先行词是人时且先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用 who/ that

且先行词在定语从句中作宾语时, whom/that/不填/who

且先行词在定语从句中作定语时，用whose

Eg she is a girl _________ speaks french.

I give an apple to her ________everyone likes very much.

We all like the girl _______ french speaks very well.

二当先行词是物时且先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用 which/ that 且先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，用which/that/不填

且先行词在定语从句中作定语时，用whose.

Eg. I can’t find my pen_________ is my favorite.

I like the cake _________ my mother made this morning.

I like the room _______ windows face south.

三关系副词 when / where/ why = 介词+ which

（在定语从句中作状语）

（at 10 o’clock, in the room, for this reason, in this way）

时间

I won’t forget the days _______ we studied together.

I won’t forget the day_______ we spent together.

地点

I visited the factory ________ my father worked ten years ago. My father works in a factory _______ i visited last week.

原因

I don’t accept the reason _______ he give me.

This is the reason _______ he is late for school.

This is the reason _______ i don’t accept.

This is the reason _______ is unreasonable.(不合理的)

四介词+ 关系词先行词是人，介词+whom,

先行词是物，介词+which

附:介词后面不能用that

逗号后面不能用that

介词后面不能用who

Eg

物

I bought 3 books, 2 of _____ are story books

I bought 3 books, and 2 of _____ are story books.

A which

B them

C that

D 不填

人

Here comes 5 girls, 2 of ______ are my friends

Here comes 5 girls, and 2 of _____ are my friendsin

A whom

B Who

C them

D which

五先行词是物时，只能用that的情况（不能用which）

1 当先行词是all, little, much, more,everything, anything, nothing等不定代词时Eg

Tom told his mother all _____ had happened.

2 当先行词本身是序数词，形容词最高级或者先行词呗这些词修饰时

This is the best book _____ I have ever read

3 当先行词被the only, the very, the last, only, all, any ,no修饰时This is the only book ____ i can find

I want to read all the books ____ were written by mary.

4当先行词既是人又是物时

I often meet tom and his dog _____look friendly to each other.

5当主句是以which 开头的特殊疑问句时，为了避免重复，必须用that

Which is the hotel ____ you like best?

六定语从句中几个特殊的词