2012年高考英语考试大纲
2012年高考考试大纲
2012年高考考试大纲（课程标准）：英语（绝密）考试性质普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。
高等学校根据考生成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。
因此，高考应具有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。
考试内容和要求根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，依据中华人民共和国教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中课程方案（实验）》和《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》，确定本学科考试内容。
考试目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1-附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。
(注：各省区可以根据本地实际情况在《考试说明》中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2000个单词：同时，应制定计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个单词。
)二、语言运用1，听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话，考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义：（2）获取具体的、事实性信息：（3）对所听内容作出推断：（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2，阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义：（2）理解文中具体的信息：（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义：（4）作出判断和推断：（5）理解文章的基本结构：（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3，写作要求考生根据题示进行口头表达。
考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法：（2）做到语音、语调自然：（3）做到语言运用得体：（4）使用有效的交际策略。
附录1语音项目表1．基本读音（1）26个字母的读音（2）元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音（4）元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音（5）常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音（6）辅音字母组合的读音（7）辅音连缀的读音（8）成音节的读音2，重音（1）单词重音（2）句子重音3，读音的变化(1)连读(2)失去爆破(3)弱读(4)同化4，语调与节奏（1）意群与停顿（2）语调（3）节奏5，语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6，朗读和演讲中的语音技巧7，主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录2语法项目表1，名词（1）可数名词及其单复数（2）不可数名词（3）专用名词（4）名词所有格2，代词（1）人称代词（2）物主代词（3）反身代词（4）指示代词（5）不定代词（6）疑问代词3，数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4，介词和介词短语5，连词6，形容词（比较级和最高级）7，副词(比较级和最高级)8，冠词9，动词（1）动词的基本形式（2）系动词（3）及物动词和不及物动词（4）助动词（5）情态动词10，时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11，被动语态12，非谓语动词（1）动词不定式（2）动词的-ing形式（3）动词的-ed形式13，构词法（1）合成法（2）派生法（3）转换法（4）缩写和简写14，句子种类（1）陈述句（2）疑问句（3）祈使句15，句子成分（1）主语（2）谓语（3）表语（4）宾语（5）定语（6）状语（7）补语16，简单句的基本句型17，主谓一致18，并列复合句19，主从复合句（1）宾语从句（2）状语从句（3）定语从句（4）主语从句（5）表语从句20，间接引语21，省略22，倒装23，强调24，虚拟语气附录3功能意念项目表1，社会交往（Social Communication）2，介绍(Introduction)3，告别(Farewells)4，感谢（Thanks）5，道歉（Apologies）6，邀请（Invitation）7，请求允许（Asking for permission）8，祝愿和祝贺（Expressing wishes and congratulations）9，提供帮助（Offering help）10，接受和拒绝(Acceptance and refusal)11，约会（Making appointments）12，打电话(Making telephone calls)13，就餐（Having meals）14，就医（Seeing the doctor）15，购物（Shopping）16，问路(Asking the way)17，谈论天气（Talking about weather）18，语言交际困惑（Language difficulties in communication）19，提醒注意(Reminding)20，警告和禁止（Warning and prohibition）21，劝告（Advice）22，建议（Suggestion）2，态度（Attitudes）(23)同意和不同意（Agreement and disagreement）(24)喜欢和不喜欢（Likes and dislikes）(25)肯定和不肯定（Certainty and uncertainty）(26)可能和不可能（Possibility and impossibility）(27)能够和不能够（Ability and inability）(28)偏爱和优先选择（Preference）(29)意趣和打算（Intentions and plans）（30）希望和愿望（Hopes and wishes）(31)表扬和鼓励（Praises and encouragement_(32)责备和表扬（Blame and complaint）（33）冷淡（Indifference）(34)判断与评价（Judgement and evaluation）3.情感（Emotions）(35)高兴（Happiness）（36）惊奇（Surprise）(37)忧虑（Worries）（38）安逸（Reassurance）(39)满意（Satisfaction）(40)遗憾（Regret）(41)同情（Sympathy）(42)恐惧（Fear）(43)愤怒（Anger）4,时间（Time）(44)时刻（Point of time）(45)时段（Duration）(46)频度（Frequency）(47)时序（Sequence）5,空间（Space）(48)位置（Position）(49)方向（Direction）（50）距离（Distance）6,存在（Existence）(51)存在于不存在（Existence and Non-existence）7,特征（Features）(52)形状（Shape）(53)颜色（Color）（54）材料（Material）(55)价格（Price）(56)规格（Size）(57)年龄（Age）8,计量（Measurement）(58)长度（Length）(59)宽度（Width）(60)高度（Height）(61)数量（Number）9，比较（Comparison）(62)同级比较（Equal comparison）(63)差别比较（Comparative and superlative）(64)相似和差别（Similarity and difference）10,逻辑关(Logical relations)(65)原因和结果（Cause and effect）(66)目的（Purpose）11,职业（Occupations）(67)工作(Jobs)(68)单位（Employer）附录4话题项目表1，个人情况（Personal information）2，家庭、朋友与周围的人（Family, friends and people around）3，周围的环境（Personal environment）4，日常生活（Daily life）5，学校生活（School life）6，兴趣与爱好（Interests and hobbies）7，个人感情（Emotions）8，个人关系（Interpersonal relationships）9，计划与愿望（Plans and intentions）10，节假日活动（Festivals, holidays and celebrations）11，购物（Shopping）12，饮食（Food and drink）13，健康（Health）14，天气（Weather）15，文娱与体育（Entertainment and sports）16，旅游和交通（Travel and transport）17，语言学习（Language learning）18，自然（Nature）19，世界与环境（The world and the environment）20，科普知识与现代技术（Popular science and modern technology）21，热点话题（Topical and geography）22，社会（Society）23，文学与艺术（Literature and art）24，。
T 2012年高考英语2试题(全国卷大纲版)WORD版
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语第一部分英语知识运用(满分50分)第一节语音知识(共5小题；)第二节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)⒍– What shall we do tonight then? – ___ – whatever you want.A. Help yourselfB. It’s a dealC. No problemD. It’s up to you⒎ He missed ___ gold in the high jump, but will get ___ second chance in the long jump.A. the; theB. 不填; aC. the; aD. a; 不填⒏ That evening, ___ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when⒐ Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.A. herselfB. thisC. thatD. it⒑Tony lent me the money, ___ that I’d do as much for him.A. hopingB. to hopeC. hopedD. having hoped⒒ I had hardly got to the office ___ my wife phone me to go back home at once.A. whenB. thanC. untilD. after⒓ We ___ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.A. set aboutB. set upC. set outD. set down⒔ Next to biology, I like physics ___ . A. better B. best C. the better D. very well ⒕– Did you ask Sophia for help? – I ___ need to – I managed perfectly well on my own.A. wouldn’tB. don’tC. didn’tD. won’t⒖ The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ___ anything that happened to be on. A. to watch B. watching C. watched D. to have watched⒗ 100℃ is the temperature ___ which water will boil. A. for B. at C. on D. of⒘I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money.A. canB. mightC. wouldD. need⒙ The manager ___ the workers how to improve the program since 9 a.m.A. has toldB. is tellingC. has been tellingD. will have told⒚ The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ___ in this city.A. qualityB. progressC. productionD. demand⒛– Try not to work yourself too hard. Take it easy. – Thanks. ___A. So what?B. No way.C. What for?D. You, too.第三节完形填空(每小题1. 5分)Around twenty years ago I was living in York. 21 I had a lot of experience and a Master’s degree, I could not find 22 work.I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had 25 five interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26 the job. “Why has my life become so 27 ?” I thought painfully.As I pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earning 29 I should keep it 30 somebody claimed (认领) it. The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”.At first I got angry. Then it 31 me – I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy with. Later, I decided to 35 more things to the list. That night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a larger 37 . She asked me if Iwould 38 a one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers. I said yes.My 39 there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job. To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of 40 that I completely changed my life.21. A. As B. Though C. If D. When22. A. successful B. extra C. satisfying D. convenient23. A. driving B. repairing C. taking D. designing24. A. working B. travelling C. discussing D. living25. A. prepared for B. attended C. asked for D. held26. A. lose B. like C. find D. get27. A. hard B. busy C. serious D. short28. A. wave at B. drop off C. call on D. look for29. A. ordering B. promising C. saying D. showing30. A. in case B. or else C. as if D. now that31. A. hurt B. hit C. caught D. moved32. A. feelings B. attention C. strength D. interests33. A. opinions B. education C. experiences D. life34. A. list B. book C. check D. copy35. A. connect B. turn C. keep D. add36. A. her B. a passenger C. me D. my friend37. A. hospital B. factory C. restaurant D. hotel38. A. listen to B. review C. give D. talk about39. A. plan B. choice C. day D. tour40. A. operation B. speaking C. employment D. thinking第二部分阅读理解(满分45分) (A)Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. I you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.41. What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?A. They are often forgotten by their owners.B. They are used to living outdoors.C. They build their won shelter.D. They like to stay in warm places.42. Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?A. To know when to bring them inside.B. To keep them from eating bad food.C. To help them find shelters.D. To keep them company.43. If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ___.A. run short of clean waterB. dig deep holes for funC. dirty the snow nearbyD. get lost in the wild44. What is the purpose of this text?A. To solve a problem.B. To give practical advice.C. To tell an interesting story.D. To present a research result.(B) You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.Let’s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45° angle to the boat. It needs to be out far enough t o catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap (摆动). It shouldn’t look like on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.45. What should you consider first while sailing?A. Sailors’ strength.B. Wave levels.C. Wind directions.D. Size of sails.46. What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?A. The boat.B. The wind.C. The sail.D. The angle.47. What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?A. Move in a straight line.B. Allow the sail to flap.C. Lower the sail.D. Tack the boat.48. Where can you probably find the text?A. In a popular magazine.B. In a tourist guidebook.C. In a physics textbook.D. In an official report.(C)Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough.In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.49. What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?A. Love.B. Politeness.C. Joy.D. Thankfulness.50. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .A. show friendliness to strangersB. be used to hide true feelingsC. be used in the wrong placesD. show personal habits51. What should we do before attempting to “read” people?A. Learn about their relations with others.B. Understand their cultural backgrounds.C. Find out about their past experience.D. Figure out what they will do next.52. What would be the best title for the test?A. Cultural DifferencesB. Smiles and RelationshipC. Facial ExpressivenessD. Habits and Emotions(D) ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia – One of the world’s most famous fossils (化石) – the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 – will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.“Ethiopia’s rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U.S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not been worked out.Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, ispart of the skeleton of what was once a 312-foot-tall ape-man (猿人). 53. The author writes this text mainly to ___ .A. introduce a few U.S. museumsB. describe some research workC. discuss the value of an ape-manD. report a coming event54. What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. A painting of the skeleton.B. A photograph of LucyC. A copy of the skeleton.D. A written record of Lucy.55. How many cities has Lucy’s U.S. tour plan already included?A. Four.B. Five.C. Six.D. Eleven.56. What was the skeleton named after? A. An ape-man. B. A song. C. A singer. D. A camp.(E) Make Up Your Mind to SucceedKind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyone’s winter.” And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.”Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here’s how they work:A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic –you’r e a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it’s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it’s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn’t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it’s quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn’t be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck’s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.57. What does the author think about the present generation?A. The y don’t do well at school.B. They are often misunderstood.C. They are eager to win in sports.D. They are given too much praise.58. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who ___ .A. doesn’t want to work hardB. cares a lot about personal safetyC. cannot share his ideas with othersD. can succeed with the help of teachers59. What does the growth mind-set believe?A. Admitting failure is shameful.B. Talent comes with one’s birth.C. Scores should be highly valued.D. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.60. What should parents do for their children based on Dweck’s study?A. Encourage them to learn from failures.B. Prevent them from making mistakes.C. Guide them in doing little things.D. Help them grow with praise.第二节根据对话内容…………….选项中有两项为多余选项。
2012年高考英语大纲卷-答案
2012普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（大纲卷）英语答案解析第一部分英语知识运用第一节语音知识1.【答案】D2.【答案】B3.【答案】C4.【答案】A5.【答案】B第二节语法和词汇知识6.【答案】D【解析】A项“请自便”；B项“一言为定，成交”；C项“没问题”；D项“由你决定，取决于你”；根据破折号后面的内容“whatever you want”可知，答话人表示一切听从对方的安排，因此D项符合语境，其它选项均不符合，故选D。
【考点】语言交际。
7.【答案】C【解析】第一空格用the特指跳高金牌，第二空格用a/an+序数词表示“又一，再一”。
故选C。
【考点】定冠词，不定冠词。
8.【答案】B【解析】非限制性定语从句中的关系词。
题干需要一个连接从句的关系词，从句中缺少介词宾语，故排除D。
when是关系副词，不能做宾语，学生容易误选when，误以为先行词是that evening；what不引导定语从句；用逗号隔开，表明是非限制性定语从句，而that不引导非限制性定语从句，故选which做about的宾语。
【考点】关系代词。
9.【答案】D【解析】make it是固定短语，意为“成功；达到预定目标”。
解答本题的关键是句中的副词just，表示刚好赶上飞机，说明萨拉“成功地准时到达机场”。
故选D。
【考点】人称代词。
10.【答案】A【解析】根据句意，托尼留给我钱，同时希望我能给他多多做事。
hope与Tony之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语做伴随状语。
故选A。
【考点】动词的现在分词。
11.【答案】A【解析】本题只要辨认出固定句型hardly…when…问题即刻解决。
固定句型hard ly…when…的用法。
【考点】从属连词。
12.【答案】C【解析】set about doing sth：决心开始做某事；set up：支起；创立；set out to do：着手去做某事，出发（旅行）；set down：记下，根据句意已知空格后面的不定式，可知本题应该选择C。
2012高考英语考试大纲
2012高考英语重点考点一. 高考英语习惯用法汇总1. It’s the first time that……….(从句中用现在完成时)It was for the first time that………(强调句，对状语for the first time进行强调)It’s (high) time that……..(从句中用过去时或should do)2. It’s the same with sb. / So it is with sb.表示某人也如此（用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或两个不同类的谓语动词）3.…be about to do / be doing……when…….正要做/正在做……就在那时…….4 A is twice / three times as +原级+as BA is twice / three times the n. of B.A is twice / three times +比较级+than B5. It’s a waste of time / money doing / to do…It’s no use / good doing………It’s possible / probable / (un) likely that……….It makes great / no sense to do……做某事很有/没意义6. There’s no use / good doing…….There’s no sense / point (in) doing……There is no need for sth. / to do…….There is (no) possibility that…………（同位语从句）7.The+比较级…….., the+比较级………越…….., 越…….注意：前半句为从句，用一般现在时代替将来时；8. It seems / appears ( to sb. ) that sb…….在某人看来某人……….= Sb. seems / appears to be / to do / to be doing / to have done……..It seems / looks as if……….好象/似乎……..9. It (so) happened that sb. ……..某人碰巧……..= Sb. h appened to be / to do / to be doing / to have done…..10. It is said / thought / believed / hoped / supposed …….that sb………=Sb. is said to be / to do / to be doing / to have done……….(注意：这种句型里如带动词hope则不能变成简单句，因为无hope sb. to do结构)12 …….such…….that…….如此…….以致于（引导结果状语从句）…….such……..as……像……..的这种……(as为关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句里充当主、宾、表语)13. Do you mind if I do sth.? / Would you mind if I did sth.?14. The chance is that……../ (The )Chances are that……….很可能…….15.Check / Make sure / See to it / See that……..(从句中常用一般现在时) 确信/务必……..16. depend on it that……..取决于see to it that…….负责/设法做到…….注意：除了except / but / in等介词可以直接接that从句，其它介词后必须用it做形式宾语；17．It is / was +介词短语/ 从句/ 名词/代词等+that………How / When / Where / Why is / was it that………..?注意：此句型为强调句，当被强调的为表示人的词时，还可用who连接；强调主语时，从句后的谓语动词应与前面的主语保持一致；注意与定语从句的区别）18 How is it that……..（这几个句型都表示“怎么会…….?”“怎么发生的？”）How come+从句？How does / did sth. come about? ( How did it come about that…….?)如:How come you are late again?19. There seems / appears / happens to be / must b e / can’t be / is (are, was, were) said to be /is (are, was, were) thought to be…….表示“.似乎有/碰巧有/一定有/不可能有/ 据说有/认为有……..”介词（如of ）there beingwant / wish / expect there to be要/希望/期待有……..adj. / adv. enough for there to be…….足够…….会有…….注意：there being / there to be为there be的非谓语形式；It is said / thought that there is / are……=There is / was / are / were said (thought) to be……. 如：I have never dream of there being such a good chance for me.It won’t be cold enough for there to be a frost tonight.20. 疑问词+插入语+陈述语序？Who do you think he’ll have attend the meeting?21. But for + n. / pron., sb. / sth. would (not) have done…..要不是……., 某人早就……(表示虚拟语气)=If it had not been for…..,……./ If there had not been ……., ……..22. It won(’t) be long before +从句（从句中用一般现在时）不久/很久就要…….It was (not) long before+从句（从句中用一般过去时）不久/很久才……..23. Those who………….(从句及主句中谓语动词用复数形式).Anyone who…………= Whoever………..(从句及主句中谓语动词用单数形式)24…….主句（一般现在时或过去时）…...when从句….(might / should do 或might / should have done) 表示”对比”,意思为“本该……(可)而却”,主句中为陈述语气,从句里为虚拟语气,如:Why are you here when you should be in school?你本该上学的怎么在这儿?He stopped trying when he might have succeeded .本该已成功了他却停止努力了.25. There is ./ Sb. have no doubt that………(同位语从句,that不可省略)There is / Sb. have some doubt whether……..(同位语从句不可用if)Sb. doubt if / whether…….Sb. don’t doubt that………26 . immediately / directly / instantly / the moment +从句on / upon + n. / doingNo sooner had sb. done than …….(过去时)Hardly had sb. done when……..(过去时)注意：这几个结构都表示“一…….就”；27. every time / each time / the last time / the first time / next time +从句（名词性短语引导一个时间状语句）anywhere / everywhere +从句（相当于wherever引导的地点状语从句）Y ou can go anywhere you like.Next time you come, please bring your son along.28.If only / I wish +从句(用过去类时态) 表示虚拟语气, “要是…….就好了”“但愿……就好了!”29 .Considering + n. 或pron. 或that从句/ Seeing that……….考虑到/鉴于…….Given + n. / pron作状语,表示“在有……的情况下”“如果有”“假定”,有时也表示”考虑到”Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should help him now.Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.Given their inexperience / that they are inexperienced, they’ve done a good job.30.There was a time when…….曾经有那么一度……….31.other than与no, not, none等否定词连用,表示肯定意思,如:It was none other than Mr. Smith.这正是Smith先生.32. Not until…….did / do/ does / will sb. do……It was / is not until ……that sb………33.It’s (un) like sb. to do / to have done……做某事很像某人/ 做某事可不像某人34.It remains to be seen Wh--words ……..是否…….还有待于看.(不用that, if作连接词)35.It only remains for sb. to do……剩下的只是要某人做某事.We’ve got everything rea dy. It only remains for you to come to dinner.36.One moment……., and now………刚才一会儿还在做……而现在却……..37.Not all / both / everyone………表示部分否定38. Such is / are……..这(些)就是…….(谓语动词单复数由后面名词决定)39. I’d rather (not) do / have done……我宁愿…..I’d rather +从句（从句中用过去时或过去完成时）40. It’s important / necessary / strange / surprising….+that……(用陈述语气或should do)41. I like / hate / appreciate it that / when等从句(it表示后面从句的这种情况)I appreciate it if you will give me a hand.42. By the time +从句（一般现在时/过去时），主句（将来完成时/过去完成时）43………., as is often the case with sb. / as is usual with sb.(as引导非限制性定语从句)44 in case / lest / for fear that…….(从句中用陈述语气或should do)45.While置于句首可表示As long as 或AlthoughWhile there is life there is hope.While I admit his good points, I can see his bad ones.46. can not ( never) ……too +adj. (adv. ) / adj. (adv.) + enough “越……越好”“非常”too + adj. ( anxious / eager / willing / ready / glad等)+to do….表示肯定意思I can’t thank you enough.我非常感激你.He was too glad to see his father.=He was very glad to see his father.47. not / neve等表示否定的词与比较级连用表示最高级，如：-----Do you agree with his suggestion? -------I can’t agree more.48. What if……..要是…….怎么办？What if he doesn’t come tomorrow?49. more……..than与其…….不如……..He is more nervous than frightened.50. It is / has been +一段时间+since从句(从句中如为延续性动词,则实际表示的意思相反)It is two years since he drank.他不喝酒已两年了.【各个击破】1. Mr. Smith didn’t understand ______ made his son so upset this morning.A. what was itB. why it was thisC. how that wasD. what it was that2. -----Did you have a good sleep last night?----Y es, never sleep _______.A. badlyB. betterC. worseD. best3. We are only _____ glad to do anything we can _______ her.A.too; to helpB. very; help C too; help D. very; helping4. -----How come you are late for class again?-------_____________.A. Because I missed the busB. By bus and then on footC. Please excuse meD. It’s quite wrong5. _______more than 3,000 languages in the world.A. There are thought to beB. There is thought to beC. They are thought to beD. It is thought to be6. -----George is a wise person.-----But in my opinion, he is ______ than wise.A. clevererB. braverC. more braveD. less brave7. -----So can I ask you a few fairly straightforward questions about yourself?-----No problem. I like ________ when people are open and direct.A. thatB. thisC. itD. them8. ----______I move the picture over here?----I suppose it’ll look better.A. How ifB. What aboutC. How aboutD. What if9. China has produced ______ this year as it did in 2002.A. as twice much steelB. twice steel as muchC. twice as much steelD. as much steel twice10.-----_______was it ______ you discovered the secret of his?------Totally by chance.A. How; whenB. What; thatC. What; whenD. How; that11.-----Who on earth could it be?------It was _______ other than Clint Eastwood.A. noneB. nothingC. notD. nobody12._____his age, he did it quite well, so don’t ______ him any more.A Given; blame B. Considered; say C. To regard; scold D. Considering; speak13.No sooner _____ themselves in their seats in the theatre ______ the curtain went up.A. they have settled; beforeB. had they settled; thanC. have they settled; whenD. they had settled; than14. -----Did you meet with the famous space hero, Y ang Liwei?------______I had come here earlier!A. If onlyB. If notC. But forD. For fear15.The students expected __________ more reviewing classes before the final exams.A. it would beB. there beingC. it to beD. there to be16.Students shouldn’t be given so difficult a problem _____ they can not work out.A. thatB. whichC. whileD. as17. It was twelve o’clock at midnight _______ they arrived at a lonely village.A. thatB. beforeC. sinceD. when18.-----The exam wasn’t difficult, was it?------No, but I don’t think ______could pass it.A. somebodyB. anybodyC. everybodyD. nobody19.-----I always take care when doing papers on the computer.-----Y ou meant it! One can not be _______careful working on it.A. tooB. veryC. soD. quite20.-----Is Miss White working these days?------No. It is two months since she worked here.------Oh,_____________?A. where is she working nowB. would you please show me the wayC. which is her officeD. is she ill二. 语法考点各个掌握一）．that１.引导名词性从句，只起连接作用，无具体意义。
2012年全国高考英语全国卷1(大纲版含答案)
2012年全国高考英语全国卷1(大纲版含答案)2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place? A．In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.2.At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C.A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。
英语 新课标 2012考试大纲
2012年高考考试说明（课程标准实验版）——英语Ⅰ．关于考试要求的说明一、语言知识基于考生的实际情况，从《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》中精选了3000个左右的单词，作为高考命题的词汇范围。
另外，为命题的需要，增加了个别单词，以*号标明，仅要求考生知道其汉语意思。
二、语言运用1．听力听力是与外国人直接交往中必不可少的一种语言能力。
该部分要求考生听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或者一个中心思想展开。
有时，主旨要义会比较明确；有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，考生需自己去归纳、概括。
（2）获取具体的、事实性信息为了说明和支持主旨，对话或独白中总会出现一些具体信息，如时间、地点、人物等。
这些信息是理解和把握对话或独白主旨必不可少的内容，也常常是听力部分的重点考查项目。
（3）对所听内容作出推断话语发生的场合、说话者之间的关系等对话含义的理解起着举足轻重的作用，对这些背景知识的推断能力在一定程度上可以体现一个人队口语的理解能力，因而也是听力测试所要考查的重点项目之一。
（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度一般来讲，说话者总会有说话的意图，或是提出或回答问题，阐述自己的想法，或者表明自己的态度或意见，对此的理解或推断在一般交往中非常重要。
有时，说话者的意图或观点是明说出来的；有时则隐含在对话的字里行间，需要听者自己去揣摩、推断。
2．阅读理解阅读文章是我国考生接触外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。
该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义任何一篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。
有时从文章的第一个段落，甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义，从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或什么（即文章的主题），亦会了解作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。
2012年全国统一高考英语试卷(大纲版)
2012年全国统一高考英语试卷（大纲版）第一部分英语知识运用（满分5分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．1. theater（）A.treasureB.wheatC.seasonD.realize【答案】D【考点】语音【解析】theater的音标是[’θɪətə]，字母组合ea发的音是/ɪə/；【解答】答案：D 字母组合ea 在不同的单词中的发音． treasure 的音标是，字母组合ea发的音是∥； wheat 的音标是[wi：t]，字母组合ea发的音是/i：/； season 的音标是[ˈsi：zn]，字母组合ea发的音是/i：/； realize的音标是[ˈri：əlaɪz]，字母组合ea发的音是/ɪə/；所以本题选择D．2. persuade（）ualB.insistC.sugarD.trousers【答案】B【考点】语音【解析】persuade的音标是[pəˈsweɪd]，字母s发的音是/s/；．【解答】答案：B usual的音标是[ˈju：ʒuəl]，字母s发的音是/ʒ/； insist的音标是[ɪnˈsɪst]，字母s发的音是/s/； sugar的音标是[ˈʃʊgə（r）]，字母s发的音是/ʃ/；trousers的音标是[ˈtraʊzəz]，字母s发的音是/z/．所以本题选择．3. company（）A.aloneB.carrotC.moneyD.knock【答案】C【考点】语音【解析】company的音标是[ˈkʌmpəni]，字母o发的音是/ʌ/．【解答】答案：C alone 的音标是[əˈləʊn]，字母o发的音是/əʊ/； carrot的音标是[ˈkærət]，字母o发的音是/ə/； money的音标是[ˈmʌni]，字母o发的音是/ʌ/； knock的音标是4. opposite（）A.serviceB.outsideC.pioneerD.police【答案】A【考点】语音【解析】opposite的音标是[ˈɒpəzɪt]，字母i的发音是/ɪ/；【解答】答案：A service的音标是[ˈsɜ：vɪs]，字母i的发音是/ɪ/； outside的音标是[ˌaʊtˈsaɪd]，字母i的发音是/aɪ/； pioneer的音标是[ˌpaɪəˈnɪə（r）]，字母i的发音是/aɪ/； police 的音标是[pəˈli：s]，字母i的发音是/i：/；所以本题选择A．5. society（）A.officialB.recentC.chocolateD.difficult【答案】B【考点】语音【解析】society音标为[səˈsaɪəti]，字母c发的是/s/；【解答】答案：B，official音标为[əˈfɪʃl]，字母c发的是/ʃ/，recent音标为[ˈri：snt]，字母c发的是/s/，chocolate音标为[ˈtʃɒklət]，字母c发的是/k/；difficult音标为[ˈdɪfɪkəlt]，字母c 发的是/k/．所以本题选择B．第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．答案是B．﹣What shall we do tonight then？﹣___，whatever you want．（）A.Help yourselfB.It’s a dealC.No problemD.It’s up to you【答案】D【考点】情景交际【解析】﹣﹣﹣那么今晚我们要干点什么呢？﹣﹣﹣由你决定，你想干什么就干什么．【解答】答案D．A项“请自便”；B项“一言为定，成交”；C项“没问题”；D项“由你决定，取决于你”；根据破折号后面的内容“whatever you want”可知，答话人表示一切听从对方的安排，因此D项符合语境，其它选项均不符合，故选D．【答案】C【考点】定冠词不定冠词【解析】句意：他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是他将在跳远比赛中获得再一次夺得金牌的机会．【解答】答案C．第一空格用the特指跳高金牌，第二空格用a/an+序数词表示“又一，再一”．故选C．That evening，___ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late．（）A.that B.which C.what D.when【答案】B【考点】关系代词【解析】句意为：那天晚上我工作到很晚，关于那天晚上的更多事我稍后会告诉你的．【解答】答案：B 考查非限制性定语从句中的关系词．题干需要一个连接从句的关系词，从句中缺少介词宾语，故排除D．when是关系副词，不能做宾语，学生容易误选when，误以为先行词是that evening；what不引导定语从句；用逗号隔开，表明是非限制性定语从句，而that不引导非限制性定语从句，故选which做about的宾语．Sarah made ___ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning．（）A.herselfB.thisC.thatD.it【答案】D【考点】代词【解析】句意：今天早上，萨拉及时抵达机场并赶上了飞机．【解答】答案D．make it是固定短语，意为“成功；达到预定目标”．解答本题的关键是句中的副词just，表示刚好赶上飞机，说明萨拉“成功地准时到达机场”．故选D．Tony lent me the money，___ that I’d do as much for him．（）A.hopingB.to hopeC.hopedD.having hoped【答案】A【考点】现在分词【解析】句意：Tony借给我钱，希望我为他做更多的事．答案A．根据句意，托尼留给我钱，同时希望我能给他多多做事．hope与Tony之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词短语做伴随状语．故选A．I had hardly got to the office ___ my wife phone me to go back home at once．（）A.whenB.thanC.untilD.after【答案】A【考点】从属连词【解析】句意为：我刚到办公室，我妻子就给我打电话让我立刻回家．【解答】答案：A 本题只要辨认出固定句型hardly…when…问题即刻解决．考查固定句型hardly…when…的用法．We ___ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day．（）A.set aboutB.set upC.set outD.set down【答案】C【考点】动词短语辨析【解析】句意为：我们开始着手油漆整座房子，可是那天只完成了房子前面的部分．【解答】答案：C，set about doing sth：决心开始做某事；set up：支起；创立；set out to do：着手去做某事，出发（旅行）；set down：记下，根据句意已经空格后面的不定式，可知本题应该选择C．Next to biology，I like physics ___．（）A.betterB.bestC.the betterD.very well【答案】B【考点】副词比较等级【解析】句意为：除了生物之外，我最喜欢物理．【解答】答案：B 本题考查副词用法．next to 在这里是“除了…之外”的意思．因为说除了biology 之外我最喜欢的就是 physics 了，所以用best．此处best是副词的最高级，修饰动词like，强调最喜欢．故B正确．-Did you ask Sophia for help？-I ___ need to-I managed perfectly well on my own．（）A.wouldn’tB.don’tC.didn’tD.won’t【答案】C【考点】【解析】句意：你向索菲亚求助了吗？–我不需要，我已经自己完美解决了．【解答】答案C．问句中是一般疑问句式，那么回答也应该一致．回答中need是作实意动词用，在这里只是简单陈述过去的事实．故选C．The old man sat in front of the television every evening，happy ___ anything that happened to be on．（）A.to watchB.watchingC.watchedD.to have watched【答案】A【考点】不定式【解析】句意：那位老人每天晚上坐在电视机前，高兴地看要上演的任何节目．【解答】答案A．happy ___ anything that happened to be on是形容词短语作伴随状语．而___ anything that happened to be on又做happy的原因状语，be happy to do..为固定用法，be happy to have done 表示因做了…而开心，根据句意，他高兴地看要上演的任何节目，故选A．100℃is the temperature ___ which water will boil．（）A.forB.atC.onD.of【答案】B【考点】介词基础【解析】句意：100度是水沸腾的温度．【解答】答案B．本题是定语从句，temperature是先行词，___ which water will boil是定语从句．at与temperature搭配，意为在…的温度时．故选B．I’m going to Europe on vacation together with John if I ___ find the money．（）A.canB.mightC.wouldD.need【答案】A【考点】情态动词【解析】句意：如果我能弄到钱，我就和约翰一起去欧洲度假．【解答】答案A．can“能够，有时会”；might“可能”；would“意愿或过去习惯性动作”；need“需要”．根据句意，我和约翰去欧洲度假的前提是，我“能够”弄到钱，故选A．C.has been tellingD.will have told【答案】C【考点】动词时态【解析】句意：自上午9点以来，经理一直在告诉工人们如何来改善这个项目．【解答】答案C． have/has been doing 表示过去发生的某个动作一直持续到现在，可能刚刚结束，还可能继续持续下去．根据句意，自从上午9点以来，经理一直告诉工人们如何来改善这个项目．是过去发生的动作，可能还会继续持续下午，故选C．The Harry Potter books are quite popular； they are in great ___ in this city．（）A.quantityB.progressC.productionD.demand【答案】D【考点】名词辨析【解析】句意：《哈利波特》很受欢迎，他们在这个城市有很大的需求量．【解答】答案D．quantity“数量”；progress“进步，发展”；production“成果，生产”；demand“需求”．根据句意，：由《哈利波特》很受欢迎可知，他们在这个城市有很大的“需求量”．故选D．-Try not to work yourself too hard．Take it easy．-Thanks．___（）A.So what？B.No way．C.What for？D.You，too．【答案】D【考点】情景交际【解析】–不要操劳过度，慢慢来．–谢谢．你也一样．【解答】答案：D．so what意为“那又怎么样”；no way意为“没门，决不”；what for意为“为什么，为何目的”；You，too．意为“你也一样”．根据交际用语答语的“礼貌原则”可知，题干中对方劝答话人工作不要太拼命，要慢慢来．答话人要对他人的关心表示感谢，同时也要表示自己对对方的关心，所以希望对方也这样．故选D．第三节完形填空（每小题1.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．Around twenty years ago I was living in York．（1）I was（3）________ a school bus to make ends meet and （4）________ with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat．I had（5）________ five interviews （面试） with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not（6）________ the job．"Why has my life become so（7）________? "I thought painfully． As I pulled the bus over to（8）________ a little girl, she handed me an earring （9）________ I should keep it（10）________ somebody claimed （认领） it．The earring was painted black and said“BE HAPPY”．At first I got angry．Then it（11）________ me-I had been giving all of my（12）________ to what was going wrong with my（13）________ rather than what was right!I decided then and there to make a（14）________ of fifty things I was happy with．Later, I decided to（15）________ more things to the list．That night there was a phone call for（16）________ from a lady who was a director at a larger（17）________．She asked me if I would（18）________ a one-day lecture on stress （压力） management to 200medical workers．I said yes．My （19）________ there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job．To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of（20）________ that I completely changed my life．（1）A. B.Though C.If D.When（2）A.successfulB.extraC.satisfyingD.convenient（3）A.drivingB.repairingC.takingD.designing（4）A.workingB.travellingC.discussingD.living（5）A.prepared forB.attendedC.asked forD.held（6）A.loseB.likeC.findD.get（7）A.hardB.busyC.seriousD.short（8）A.wave atB.drop offC.call onD.look for（10）A.in caseB.or elseC.as ifD.now that（11）A.hurtB.hitC.caughtD.moved（12）A.feelingsB.attentionC.strengthD.interests（13）A.opinionscationC.experiencesD.life（14）A.listB.bookC.checkD.copy（15）A.connectB.turnC.keepD.add（16）A.herB.a passengerC.meD.my friend（17）A.hospitalB.factoryC.restaurantD.hotel（18）A.listen toB.reviewC.giveD.talk about（19）A.planB.choiceC.dayD.tour（20）A.operationB.speakingC.employmentD.thinking【答案】Thoughsatisfyingdrivinglivingattendedgetharddropoffsayingincasehitlistaddmehospitalrestaurantdaythinking【考点】记叙文完形【解析】本文是一篇记叙文．主要讲述了我二十年前在纽约经历的一段艰难生活．起初，虽然有工作经验和硕士学位我却找不到满意的工作．一个小女孩给我的耳环改变了我的生活．从此以后，我列了一个感到满意的50件事情清单，并不断添加．后来我终于找到了一份高薪的工作．我知道正是因为我改变了我的思维方式，我的生活才得以改变．【解答】（1）B 考查连词辨析．根据语境可知，尽管我有硕士学位和工作经验，但还是不能找到满意的工作．故选B．（2）C 考查形容词辨析．successful成功的extra额外的satisfying 令人满意的convenient便利的．根据上下文语境可知，我开校车来维持生活并且和我的一个朋友住在一起，因为我没了套房．故选C．（3）A 考查动词辨析．我开校车来维持生活，并和我的一个朋友和住在一起．故选A．（4）D 考查动词辨析．解析同23题．（5）B 考查动词短语辨析．attend the interview参加面试，根据句意可知，我参加了一个公司的面试5次，但他们说我不能得到这份工作．故选B．（6）D 考查动词辨析．解析同25题．“get the job”意文“得到工作”．故选D．（7）A 考查形容词辨析．根据上下文语境可知，作者发出感慨，为什么我的生活那么艰难（hard）呢？故选A．（8）B 考查动词短语辨析．由句意可知，当我把车开到路边让那个小女孩下来的时候，小女孩递给了我一个耳环．故选B．（9）C 考查动词辨析．saying做伴随状语．由句意可知，她在地给我耳环的时候说，保管好耳环，说不定有人来认领．故选C．（10）A 考查连词辨析．in case以免，以防； or else否则；asif好像；now that既然．由句意可知，小女孩在递给我耳环的同时说，我应该保存它以免有人认领．故选A．（11）B 考查动词辨析．“It hit me”意为：我突然想到．固定结构．故选B．（12）B 考查名词辨析．根据语境可知，我把一切注意力（attention）都集中在了生活的不顺上，而没有关注好的一面．故选B．（13）D 考查名词辨析．opinions意见education教育 experiences 经历 life生活解析同32题．（14）A 考查名词辨析．list清单 check支票 copy拷贝根据语境可知，我决定列一份我感到满意的50件事情的清单（list）．故选A．（15）D 考查名词辨析．connect联系；turn转向；变为；keep保持；add添加．由上下文语境可知，后来我决定向清单中添加更多的事情．故选D．（16）C 考查上下文联系．a phone call for me 意为：我的一个电话．那天晚上意为女士给我打了一个电话．故选C．（18）C 考查动词辨析．“give a one-day lecture”意为“做了一天的报告”，根据句意可知，她问我是否可以做一天报告．故选C．（19）C 考查名词辨析．plan计划choice选择 day 天tour旅游．根据上下文语境可知，我那天进展的很顺利，后来得到了一份高薪的工作．（20）D 考查名词辨析．由上下文语境可知，直到今天我才知道，正是因为我改变了我的思维方式，我的生活才得以改变．故选D．第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）第一节语篇阅读（每小题8分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．（每小题8分）Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people．Sometimes owners for get that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter （住所） as they are．Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thi nking that all animals are used to living outdoors．This can put their pets in danger of serious illness．There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe．Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad．If you have to take th em out, stay outside with them．When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are t oo．I you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelte r against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water．If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter．They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere．Watch them closely when they are left outd oors, and provide them with shelter of good quality．Keep an eye on your pet’s water．Som etimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink．Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, whi ch may contain something unhealthy for them．（1）What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1？________A.They are often forgotten by their owners．B.They are used to living outdoors．C.They build their won shelters．D.They like to stay in warm places．（2）Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather？________A.To know when to bring them inside．B.To keep them from eating bad food．C.To help them find shelters．D.To keep them company．（3）If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather，they may________．A.run short of clean water．B.dig deep holes for fun．（4）What is the purpose of this text？________A.To solve a problem．B.To give practical advice．C.To tell an interesting story．D.To present a research result．【答案】DAAB【考点】健康类阅读推理判断观点态度【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，主要向我们介绍了宠物的主人认为所有的动物都习惯于生活在户外，这个观点是不正确的，并且向我们提供了几点在寒冷天气照顾宠物的实用的建议，让他们为宠物提供温暖的环境和足够的干净的水．【解答】（1）D 细节理解题，根据第一段Cold weather can hard on pets，just like it can be hard on people．可知寒冷的天气对于宠物来说是艰难的，因此可知宠物喜欢待在温暖的环境，故选D．（2）A 细节理解题，根据第二段If you have to take them out，stay outside with them．When you’re cold enough to go inside，they probably are too．可知宠物的主人被要求与宠物一起待在外面是因为可以感知什么时候带他们进到屋里，故选A．（3）A 细节理解题，根据第三段Keep an eye on your pet’s water．Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has fro zen and their pet can’t get anything to drink．可知宠物被单独留在外面可能水被冻住而没有干净的水喝，故选A．（4）B 主旨大意题，本文向我们提供了在寒冷的天气如何照顾宠物的实用的建议，故选B．You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it．You do no t need to be strong．But you need to be quick．And you need to understand a few basic rul es about the wind．First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or b ehind or from the side? ”You must think about this all the time on the boat．The wind direct ion tells you what to do with the sail．Let’s start with the wind blowing from behind．This means the wind and the boat are goin g in the same direction．Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat．It should be at a 90° angle （角度） to the boat．Then it will catch the wind best．If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat．In this case, you must k eep the sail half way outside the boat．It should be at a 45° angle to the boat． It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn’t flap （摆Sailing into the wind is not possible．If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop．You may want to go in that direction．It is possible, but you can’t go in a straight line．You must go first in one direction and then in another．This is called tacking．When you are tackin g, you must always keep the sail inside the boat．（1）What should you consider first while sailing？________A.Sailors’strength．B.Wave levels．C.Wind directions．D.Size of sails．（2）What does the word“It”underlined in Paragraph 4refer to？________A.The boat．B.The wind．C.The sail．D.The angle．（3）What do you have to do when sailing against the wind？________A.Move in a straight line．B.Allow the sail to flap．C.Lower the sail．D.Tack the boat．（4）Where can you probably find the text？________A.In a popular magazine．B.In a tourist guidebook．C.In a physics textbook．D.In an official report．【答案】CCDA【考点】科教类阅读细节理解推理判断【解析】本文是一篇说明文．文章介绍了帆船运动的一些常识，进行帆船运动必须掌握风向，风向决定着帆船的运动速度．后文分别就顺风行驶、侧风行驶和逆风行驶进行了阐述．【解答】（1）C 细节理解题．根据第二段中的“First，you must ask yourself，”Where is the wind coming from？Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side？“”可知，风向是决定帆船最重要因素．（2）C 猜测词义题．根据文章中的"you must keep the sail half way outside the boat．It should be at a 45° angle to the boat．It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind，but it shouldn’t flap （摆动）．"可知，itbut you can’t go in a straight line．You must go first in one direction and then in another．T his is called tacking．”所以选D．tack the boat意为：改变船航向．（4）A 推理判断题．帆船运动是普通的一种体育运动，因此，本文很可能从流行杂志中节选．故选A．Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships．For example, in American culture （文化） the smile is in general an expression of pleasure．Yet it also has other uses．A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child．A smile may show love or politeness．It can also hide true feelings．It often causes c onfusion （困惑） across cultures．For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in p ublic to be unusual and even improper．Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in pub lic places （although this is less common in big cities）．Some Russians believe that America ns smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians do n’t smile enough．In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings．Vietnamese pe ople may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile．Our faces show emotions （情感）, but we should not attempt to“read”people from another culture as we would“read”so meone from our own culture．The fact that members of one culture do not express their e motions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience e motions．Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permi tted．For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emot ions as freely as Americans do．When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show t heir emotions similarly．It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal a nd cultural differences in the United States．People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others．The key is to try not to judg e people whose ways of showing emotion are different．If we judge according to our own c ultural habits, we may make the mistake of“reading”the other person incorrectly．（1）What does the smile usually mean in the U．S．？________A.Love．B.Politeness．C.Joy．D.Thankfulness．（2）The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can________．A.show friendliness to strangers．B.be used to hide true feelings．C.be used in the wrong places．D.show personal habits．（3）What should we do before attempting to“read”people？________A.Learn about their relations with others．B.Understand their cultural backgrounds．C.Find out about their past experience．（4）What would be the best title for the test？________A.Cultural Differences．B.Smiles and Relationship．C.Facial Expressiveness．D.Habits and Emotions．【答案】CBBC【考点】社会文化类阅读细节理解【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，开篇向我们介绍了不同国家微笑所代表的意义，微笑可以隐藏人们的真实情绪，而后文则介绍了面部表情所表达给我们的意义，不同的文化差异可能使我们的表情被误解．【解答】（1）C 细节理解题，根据第一段For example，in American culture （文化） the smile is in general an expression of pleasure．可知在美国微笑是用来表示愉快的，故选C．（2）B 推理判断题，根据第一段结尾In Southeast Asian culture，a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings．Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile．可知在越南人们可以带着微笑讲述一个悲伤的故事，说明微笑可以用来隐藏真实的情绪，故选B．（3）B 细节理解题，根据第二段The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do member s of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions．Rather，there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted．可知不同文化背景的人的面部表情存在文化差异，因此在阅读人之前应该了解他们的文化背景，故选B．（4）C 主旨大意题，本文主要向我们讲述了不同文化背景的人的面部表情所表现的内容，故选C．ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia-One of the world’s most famous fossils （化石）-the 3.2million-year-old Lucy skeleton （骨骼） unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974-will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesd ay．Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice．The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopia n National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replicawhile the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom．A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Tex as, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U．S．tour, which will start in Ho uston next September．“Ethiopia’s rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the wo rld, ”said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum．The six-Travelling with Lucy will be 190other fossils．Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 3-foot-tall ape-man （猿人）．（1）The author writes this text mainly to________．A.introduce a few U．B.describe some research work．C.discuss the value of an ape-man．D.report a coming event．S.museums．（2）What do the words“a replica”in Paragraph 2refer to？________A.A painting of the skeleton．B.A photograph of Lucy．C.A copy of the skeleton．D.A written record of Lucy．（3）How many cities has Lucy’s U．S．tour plan already included？________A.Four．B.Five．C.Six．D.Eleven．（4）What was the skeleton named after？________A.An ape-man．B.A song．C.A singer．D.A camp．【答案】DCBB【考点】人文地理类阅读细节理解推理判断【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道．文章讲述了埃塞尔比亚的古老化石去美国展出的事件安排．【解答】（1）D．主旨大意题．这是一篇新闻报道，新闻报道的目的显然是报道事实，让大众知晓．这篇报道的目的就是：报道埃塞尔比亚的古老化石去美国展出的事件．故选D．（2）C．词义猜测题．根据文章内容可知：the Lucy is a replica，而the Lucy又是skeleton，所以a replica的意思是：A copy of the skeleton．故选C．（3）B．细节理解题．根据文章中的“the tour will start in Houston next September．和The six-year tour will also go to Washington，New York，Denver and Chicago．”可知是5个城市．故选B．（4）B．细节理解题．．根据文章中的“Lucy，her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery，”可知，Make Up Your Mind to SucceedKind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure．The gener ation born between 1980and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance w ere played down because“everyone’s a winner．”And their report cards sounded more positi ve （正面的） than ever before．As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls the m“the overpraised generation．”Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40years．Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it．Here’s how they work:A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent （才能） is genetic-you’re a born artist, point guard, or numbers person．The fixed mind-set believes it’s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame ．When things get difficult, it’s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficultie s．On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible．Because the ego （自尊）isn’t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame．When faced with a difficulty, it’s quick to ret hink, change and try again．In fact, it enjoys this experience．We are all born with growth mind-sets．（Otherwise, we wouldn’t be able to live in the world．） But parents, teachers, and ins tructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise．Dweck’s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth．But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your chi ldren, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure．（1）What does the author think about the present generation？________A.They don’t do well at school．B.They are often misunderstood．C.They are eager to win in sports．D.They are given too much praise．（2）A fixed mind-set person is probably one who________．A.doesn’t want to work hard．B.cares a lot about personal safety．C.cannot share his ideas with others．D.can succeed with the help of teachers．（3）What does the growth mind-set believe？________A.Admitting failure is shameful．B.Talent comes with one’s birth．C.Scores should be highly valued．（4）What should parents do for their children based on Dweck’s study？________A.Encourage them to learn from failures．B.Prevent them from making mistakes．C.Guide them in doing little things．D.Help them grow with praise．【答案】DADA【考点】科教类阅读推理判断观点态度【解析】本文是一篇科学调查报告．斯坦福大学教授Dweck经过40年的调查研究认为人们对待失败有两种不同的思维模式，这两种思维模式对我们如何对待失败有很大的影响．第一种是有固定思维模式的人，他们认为才能是天生的，成功不需要努力而失败是耻辱．他们逃避未来的困难．第二种是具有成长思维模式的人，他们认为才能不是天生的，努力和学习使一切成为可能．向失败学习并把它看作成长的经历．【解答】（1）D 细节理解题．根据第一段中的“professor Carol Dweck，PhD，calls them”the overpraised generation．“”可知，他们被表扬的太多了．故选D．（2）A 推理判断题．根据文章第三段中的“The fixed mind-set believes it’s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame ．”可知，他相信成功但不想付出努力．（3）D 推理判断题．根据文章第四段中的“the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame．When faced with a difficulty，it’s quick to rethink，change and try again．In fact，it enjoys this experience．”可知D正确．（4）A．根据文章的最后一句“But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your ch ildren，grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure．”可知A正确．第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项．（每小题5分）Daughter：Dad．You love me，don’t you？Father：Of course，I do．（1）________Daughter：Well，I saw this great offer for a free phone here in the newspaper，and …Father：（2）________Daughter：Well，the phone is free …after the＄50I pay is returned to me．Father：Ah，so that’s the catch．（3）________Daughter：Dad．All my friends have one．Father：Ah，I don’t know．（4）________Father：I don’t know．Daughter：Please Dad．With the new phone you won’t have to worry about me while I’m driving the n ew car．Father：（5）________Daughter：The new car you’ll need to buy so I can use the phone．A．Ah…what’s on your mind？B．New car？What new car？C．Free？Nothing’s ever free．D．What did you do to the new car？E．And why on earth do you need a phone？F．They always charge a lot for the service．G．But what is the term of the service agreement？【答案】A,C,E,F,B【考点】情景交际【解析】本段对话主要是父女之间为了买手机而展开的对话．【解答】（1）A 女儿问父亲他是否爱她，父亲当然爱自己的女儿，哪有父亲不爱自己的孩子的．所以父亲对女儿的这句话表示质疑，所以问：Ah…what’s on your mind？．（2）C 女儿说：这儿有免费的手机．父亲的经验是哪有免费的东西．所以说：Free？Nothing’s ever free．（3）E 根据下文女儿的答语All my friends have one可知，父亲问了：你究竟为什么要手机？（4）F 根据下文女儿的话语the monthly charge for this service is only＄（5）99可知，上文应该谈手机费的问题．所以选F．（6）B 根据上下文可知，他们谈的是车的问题，又根据下文The new car you’ll need to buy可知，父亲要买新车．所以选B．第三部分写作（共三节，满分10分）第一节单词拼写（每小题1分）根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡相应题号的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形式（每空只写一词）．Do you speak any________ （外国） languages？【答案】foreign【考点】名词辨析【解析】句意为：你会说外国的语言吗？【解答】。
名师解读：2012高考英语考试大纲
名师解读：2012高考英语考试大纲
2012年河南省和宁夏、吉林等一起采用高考试卷的新课标卷，这也是河南省使用新课标卷的第二年。
下面河南名师解读介绍高考英语考试大纲。
郑州外国语学校高三年级英语备课组组长于松芹说，今年英语在测试的深度和广度上会有所扩展。
“这门课主要考查考生的听说读写能力，其中最重要的是考查考生的阅读能力。
”于松芹说，高考大纲中要求在高考中读5篇文章，但文章的长度要求会有所增加，达到3000个单词。
“有可能会增加科普短文的阅读分量。
”
同时，高考大纲也进一步强调了语篇意识。
“听力、完型填空、阅读理解、书面表达、短文改错都是在一个完整的语篇中考查的，即使是单项填空也设置了一个完整的情景。
这样命题的目的就是通过语篇来考查考生的思维能力。
”于松芹说。
提醒：书面表达突出时代精神
于松芹提醒考生，进入考场后要重视试音部分，使自己尽快进入听力测试准备状态。
考生一接到试卷，应充分利用考前时间、试音部分时间和每两段对话间的空隙时间快速读完题干和选项，通过所提供的文字信息，在脑海里预测、推理即将听到的录音可能涉及的话题、情景、场合等，并迅速联想相关场合会出现的关键词，尽量做到带着问题听。
于松芹说，今年书面表达相对来说可能变数较大，会留给考生一定的自由表达空间，以考查考生的真实写作水平。
题材会突出时代精
神和实用特色。
“南方雪灾”、“民生改善”、“2012年奥运会”等题材值得考生关注。
2012年高考英语考卷(全国卷大纲版本)
2012年高考英语考卷（全国卷大纲版本）
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td{border-right:1px #99CCFF solid; border-bottom:1px #99CCFF solid; text-align:center;FONT-SIZE: 12px; COLOR: #000000; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; FONT-FAMILY: ‘微软雅黑’} 【编辑寄语】2012年高考英语全国卷大纲版考试于6月8日下午举行，笔者特别为考生整理了2012年高考英语全国卷大纲版试卷汇总，仅供大家参考！ 2012年高考英语试卷（全国卷大纲版） 2012年高考英语试卷（全国卷大纲版）（1） 2012年高考英语试卷（全国卷大纲版）（2） 2012年高考英语试卷（全国卷大纲版）（3） 2012年高考英语试卷（全国卷大纲版）（4） 2012年高考英语试卷（全国卷大纲版）（5） >>>>点击查看更多高考真题试卷信息。
2012年高考英语试题(全国大纲卷Ⅱ)答案
2012年全国普通高等学校招生考试(全国大纲卷Ⅱ)英语答案1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B6．D【解析】考查交际用语。
根据破折号后面的内容可知，答话人表示一切听从对方的安排，因此选择D项"由你决定"。
前三项分别表示"请自便""就这么定了""没问题"，均不符合语境。
7．C【解析】考查冠词用法。
句意：他在跳高中错失了金牌，但在跳远中还有一次机会。
前一个空格处特指跳高中的金牌，故用the；后一个空格处是不定冠词与序数词连用表示"再一；又一"。
8．B【解析】考查定语从句。
句意：那天晚上，我工作到很晚，我以后会告诉你更多相关的情况。
which I will tell you more about later是非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作about的宾语，代指that evening。
9．D【解析】考查代词用法。
句意：Sarah赶到了机场，正好及时赶上了今天早上的飞机。
此处make it表示"及时到达，赶上"，是固定搭配。
10．A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：Tony把钱借给了我，希望我能为他做尽可能多的事情。
Tony与hope之间是主动关系，因此，此处用现在分词短语作状语。
11．A【解析】考查固定结构。
句意：我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
本句是"hardly ．．．when ．．．"结构，表示"刚……就……"。
12．C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
句意：我们开始着手刷整座房子，但是那天只刷完了前面的部分。
set out to do sth表示"着手做某事"，符合句意。
其他三项均不符合句意。
13．B【解析】考查形容词的比较级和最高级。
句意：仅次于生物，我最喜欢物理。
此处是除了生物之外的多门学科的比较，所以用最高级形式。
2012年高考英语(试题及标准答案)全国卷大纲(word文字版)
绝密启用前2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至14页。
第Ⅱ卷15至16页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小脱.从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A．In a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2.At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
2012年高考英语大纲卷及答案解析
英语试卷 第1页（共12页）英语试卷 第2页（共12页）绝密★启用前2012普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（大纲卷）英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
共150分，共12页。
考试时间结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
3. 答Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节 语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
例: haveA. gaveB. saveC. hatD. made答案是C 。
1. theater? A. treasure B. wheat C. season D. realize 2. persuade? A. usual B. insist C. sugar D. trousers 3. company? A. alone B. carrot C. money D. knock 4. opposite? A. service B. outside C. pioneerD. police 5. society? A. officialB. recentC. chocolateD. difficult第二节 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡将该选项涂黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B 。
2012年湖北高考英语考试说明(word版)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲湖北卷英语科考试说明I. 考试性质普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是合格的高中毕业和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。
高等学校根据考生成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。
高考应具有较高的信度、效度，必要的区分度和适当的难度。
II. 命题指导思想1．英语科（湖北卷）命题以《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》、教育部考试中心大纲（课标版）和本说明为依据。
2．命题遵循“有利于高校选拔人才，有利于中学实施素质教育，有利于推进基础教育课程改革”的原则，确保安全、公平、公正、科学、规范。
3．命题要结合我省高中英语教学实际和普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，考查考生进入高等学校继续学习的潜能。
4．命题考虑英语学科特点，在考查考生的英语语言知识和语言技能的同时，侧重考查考生的综合语言运用能力，特别是运用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力。
III.考试内容及要求根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，依据教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》和教育部考试中心大纲（课标版），结合我省高中英语教学实际，确定本学科考试内容。
一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1至4）。
考虑到《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》词汇表所列词汇及其在教材中的复现率，本说明所附词表（见附录5）共收单词3519个，作为高考命题的词汇范围（词汇表未列词组和短语，部分可根据构词法推导出的副词、名词等亦不单列；缩略词、月份、星期、数词，以及洲、国家及地区名称、主要大洋名称在词表后单独列出）。
二、语言运用（一）听力要求考生能听懂关于一般性话题的英语对话或简短独白。
考生应能：1.理解主旨和要义任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或者一个中心思想展开。
有时，主旨要义会比较明确；有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，考生需自己去归纳、概括。
2.获取事实性的具体信息为了说明和支持主旨，对话或独白中总会出现一些具体信息，如时间、地点、人物等。
超实用高考英语复习：2012年高考英语试题(全国大纲卷Ⅱ)完型填空(含答案解析)
2012年全国普通高等学校招生考试(全国大纲卷Ⅱ)第三节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Around twenty years ago I was living in York．21I had a lot of experience and a Master’s degree，I could not find 22work．I was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24with a friend of mine，for I had lost my flat．I had 25five interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not 26the job．"Why has my life become so 27?" I thought painfully．As I pulled the bus over to28 a little girl，she handed me an earring 29I should keep it 30somebody claimed (认领) it．The earring was painted black and said "BE HAPPY"．At first I got angry．Then it 31 me — I had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! I decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things I was happy with．Later，I decided to 35 more things to the list．That night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a large 37．She asked me if I would 38 a one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers．I said yes．My 39there went very well，and before long I got a well-paid job．To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of 40that I completely changed my life．21．A．As B．Though C．If D．When 22．A．successful B．extra C．satisfying D．convenient 23．A．driving B．repairing C．taking D．designing 24．A．working B．travelling C．discussing D．living 25．A．prepared for B．attended C．asked for D．held 26．A．lose B．like C．find D．get 27．A．hard B．busy C．serious D．short28．A．wave at B．drop off C．call on D．look for 29．A．ordering B．promising C．saying D．showing 30．A．in case B．or else C．as if D．now that 31．A．hurt B．hit C．caught D．moved 32．A．feelings B．attention C．strength D．interests 33．A．opinions B．education C．experiences D．life34．A．list B．book C．check D．copy 35．A．connect B．turn C．keep D．add36．A．her B．a passenger C．me D．my friend 37．A．hospital B．factory C．restaurant D．hotel 38．A．listen to B．review C．give D．talk about 39．A．plan B．choice C．day D．tour 40．A．operation B．speaking C．employment D．thinking21．B【解析】结合本句的内容可知，"尽管"作者经验丰富并且拥有硕士学位，但仍然找不到令人满意的工作。
2012年湖北高考英语考试说明
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲湖北卷英语科考试说明I. 考试性质普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是合格的高中毕业和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。
高等学校根据考生成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。
高考应具有较高的信度、效度，必要的区分度和适当的难度。
II. 命题指导思想1．英语科（湖北卷）命题以《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》、教育部考试中心大纲（课标版）和本说明为依据。
2．命题遵循“有利于高校选拔人才，有利于中学实施素质教育，有利于推进基础教育课程改革”的原则，确保安全、公平、公正、科学、规范。
3．命题要结合我省高中英语教学实际和普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，考查考生进入高等学校继续学习的潜能。
4．命题考虑英语学科特点，在考查考生的英语语言知识和语言技能的同时，侧重考查考生的综合语言运用能力，特别是运用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力。
III.考试内容及要求根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，依据教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》和教育部考试中心大纲（课标版），结合我省高中英语教学实际，确定本学科考试内容。
一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1至4）。
考虑到《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》词汇表所列词汇及其在教材中的复现率，本说明所附词表（见附录5）共收单词3519个，作为高考命题的词汇范围（词汇表未列词组和短语，部分可根据构词法推导出的副词、名词等亦不单列；缩略词、月份、星期、数词，以及洲、国家及地区名称、主要大洋名称在词表后单独列出）。
二、语言运用（一）听力要求考生能听懂关于一般性话题的英语对话或简短独白。
考生应能：1.理解主旨和要义任何一段对话或独白总会围绕一个主旨或者一个中心思想展开。
有时，主旨要义会比较明确；有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，考生需自己去归纳、概括。
2.获取事实性的具体信息为了说明和支持主旨，对话或独白中总会出现一些具体信息，如时间、地点、人物等。
2012高考真题英语1大纲全国卷
绝密启用前2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至14页。
第Ⅱ卷15至16页。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将目己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.短小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小脱.从题中所给的A. B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A．In a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
2012年高考英语全国卷听力及原文(大纲卷、新课标卷)
2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语听力(大纲卷、新课标卷)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B。
1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A．In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library.2.At what time will the film begin?A.7:20B.7:15C.7:003. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5. Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn't take the cake back.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。
2012年高考英语考试大纲(课程标准实验版)
2012年高考英语考试大纲（课程标准实验版）2012年高考英语考试大纲（课程标准实验版）Ⅰ考试性质普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。
高等学校根据考生成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。
因此，高考应具有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。
Ⅱ考试内容和要求根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，依据中华人民共和国教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中课程方案(实验)》和《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》，确定本学科考试内容。
考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1—附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。
(注：各省区可以根据本地实际情况在《考试说明》中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2000个单词;同时，应制订计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个单词。
)二、语言运用1.听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能：(1)理解主旨和要义;(2)获取具体的、事实性信息;(3)对所听内容作出推断;(4)理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2.阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：(1)理解主旨和要义;(2)理解文中具体信息;(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义;(4)作出判断和推理;(5)理解文章的基本结构;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3.写作要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。
考生应能：(1)清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思;(2)有效运用所学语言知识。
4.口语要求考生根据题示进行口头表达。
考生应能：(1)询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法;(2)做到语音、语调自然;(3)做到语言运用得体;(4)使用有效的交际策略。
附录1 语音项目表1.基本读音(1)26个字母的读音(2)元音字母在重读音节中的读音(3)元音字母在轻读音节中的读音(4)元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音(5)常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音(6)辅音字母组合的读音(7)辅音连缀的读音(8)成节音的读音2.重音(1)单词重音(2)句子重音3.读音的变化(1)连读(2)失去爆破(3)弱读(4)同化4.语调与节奏(1)意群与停顿(2)语调(3)节奏5.语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6.朗读和演讲中的语音技巧7.主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录2 语法项目表1.名词(1)可数名词及其单复数(2)不可数名词(3)专用名词(4)名词所有格2.代词(1)人称代词(2)物主代词(3)反身代词(4)指示代词(5)不定代词(6)疑问代词3.数词(1)基数词(2)序数词4.介词和介词短语5.连词6.形容词(比较级和最高级)7.副词(比较级和最高级)8.冠词9.动词(1)动词的基本形式(2)系动词(3)及物动词和不及物动词(4)助动词(5)情态动词10.时态(1)一般现在时(2)一般过去时(3)一般将来时(4)现在进行时(5)过去进行时(6)过去将来时(7)将来进行时(8)现在完成时(9)过去完成时(10)现在完成进行时11.被动语态12.非谓语动词(1)动词不定式(2)动词的-ing形式(3)动词的-ed形式13.构词法(1)合成法(2)派生法(3)转化法(4)缩写和简写14.句子种类(1)陈述句(2)疑问句(3)祈使句(4)感叹句15.句子成分(1)主语(2)谓语(3)表语(4)宾语(5)定语(6)状语(7)补语16.简单句的基本句型17.主谓一致18.并列复合句19.主从复合句(1)宾语从句(2)状语从句(3)定语从句(4)主语从句(5)表语从句20.间接引语21.省略22.倒装23.强调24.虚拟语气附录3 功能意念项目表1.社会交往(Social Communications)(1)问候(Greetings)(2)介绍(Introduction)(3)告别(Farewells)(4)感谢(Thanks)(5)道歉(Apologies)(6)邀请(Invitation)(7)请求允许(Asking for permission)(8)祝愿和祝贺(Expressing wishes and congratulations)(9)提供帮助(Offering help)(10)接受和拒绝(Acceptance and refusal)(11)约会(Making appointments)(12)打电话(Making telephone calls)(13)就餐(Having meals)(14)就医(Seeing the doctor)(15)购物(Shopping)(16)问路(Asking the way)(17)谈论天气(Talking about weather)(18)语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication)(19)提醒注意(Reminding)(20)警告和禁止(Warning and prohibition)(21)劝告(Advice)(22)建议(Suggestions)2.态度(Attitudes)(23)同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)(24)喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)(25)肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty)(26)可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility)(27)能够和不能够(Ability and inability)(28)偏爱和优先选择(Preference)(29)意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)(30)希望和愿望(Hopes and wishes)(31)表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement)(32)责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)(33)冷淡(Indifference)(34)判断与评价(Judgement and evaluation)3.情感(Emotions)(35)高兴(Happiness)(36)惊奇(Surprise)(37)忧虑(Worries)(38)安慰(Reassurance)(39)满意(Satisfaction)(40)遗憾(Regret)(41)同情(Sympathy)(42)恐惧(Fear)(43)愤怒(Anger)4.时间(Time)(44)时刻(Point of time)(45)时段(Duration)(46)频度(Frequency)(47)时序(Sequence)5.空间(Space)(48)位置(Position)(49)方向(Direction)(50)距离(Distance)6.存在(Existence)(51)存在与不存在(Existence and Non-existence) 7.特征(Features)(52)形状(Shape)(53)颜色(Colour)(54)材料(Material)(55)价格(Price)(56)规格(Size)(57)年龄(Age)8.计量(Measurement)(58)长度(Length)(59)宽度(Width)(60)高度(Height)(61)数量(Number)9.比较(Comparison)(62)同级比较(Equal comparison)(63)差别比较(Comparative and superlative)(64)相似和差别(Similarity and difference)10.逻辑关系(Logical relations)(65)原因和结果(Cause and effect)(66)目的(Purpose)11.职业(Occupations)(67)工作(Jobs)(68)单位(Employer)附录4 话题项目表1.个人情况(Personal information)2.家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family， friends and people around)3.周围的环境(Personal environments)4.日常活动(Daily routines)5.学校生活(School life)6.兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)7.个人感情(Emotions)8.人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)9.计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)10.节假日活动(Festivals， holidays and celebrations)11.购物(Shopping)12.饮食(Food and drink)13.健康(Health)14.天气(Weather)15.文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)16.旅游和交通(Travel and transport)17.语言学习(Language learning)18.自然(Nature)19.世界与环境(The world and the environment)20.科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and mondern technology)21.热点话题(Topical issues)22.历史与地理(History and geography)23.社会(Society)24.文学与艺术(Literature and art)附录5 词汇表(略)。
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2012年高考考试大纲（课程标）：英语(绝密)Ⅰ考试性质普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。
高等学校根据考生成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。
因此，高考应具有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。
Ⅱ考试内容和要求根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要求，依据中华人民共和国教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中课程方案（实验）》和《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》，确定本学科考试内容。
考核目标与要求一、语言知识要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题（见附录1—附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右。
（注：各省区可以根据本地实际情况在《考试说明》中对词汇量进行适当调整，但不得低于2000个单词；同时，应制订计划，在一定时间内分期、分批增加至3500个单词。
）二、语言运用1．听力要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义；（2）获取具体的、事实性信息；（3）对所听内容作出推断；（4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度。
2．阅读要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨和要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断生词的词义；（4）作出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
3．写作要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。
考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。
4．口语要求考生根据题示进行口头表达。
考生应能：（1）询问或传递事实性信息，表达意思和想法；（2）做到语音、语调自然；（3）做到语言运用得体；（4）使用有效的交际策略。
附录1 语音项目表1．基本读音（1）26个字母的读音（2）元音字母在重读音节中的读音（3）元音字母在轻读音节中的读音（4）元音字母组合在重读音节中的读音（5）常见的元音字母组合在轻读音节中的读音（6）辅音字母组合的读音（7）辅音连缀的读音（8）成节音的读音2．重音（1）单词重音（2）句子重音3．读音的变化（1）连读（2）失去爆破（3）弱读（4）同化4．语调与节奏（1）意群与停顿（2）语调（3）节奏5．语音、语调、重音、节奏等在口语交流中的运用6．朗读和演讲中的语音技巧7．主要英语国家的英语语音差异附录2 语法项目表1．名词（1）可数名词及其单复数（2）不可数名词（3）专用名词（4）名词所有格2．代词（1）人称代词（2）物主代词（3）反身代词（4）指示代词（5）不定代词（6）疑问代词3．数词（1）基数词（2）序数词4．介词和介词短语5．连词6．形容词（比较级和最高级）7．副词（比较级和最高级）8．冠词9．动词（1）动词的基本形式（2）系动词（3）及物动词和不及物动词（4）助动词（5）情态动词10．时态（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）过去将来时（7）将来进行时（8）现在完成时（9）过去完成时（10）现在完成进行时11．被动语态12．非谓语动词（1）动词不定式（2）动词的-ing形式（3）动词的-ed形式13．构词法（1）合成法（2）派生法（3）转化法（4）缩写和简写14．句子种类（1）陈述句（2）疑问句（3）祈使句（4）感叹句15．句子成分（1）主语（2）谓语（3）表语（4）宾语（5）定语（6）状语（7）补语16．简单句的基本句型17．主谓一致18．并列复合句19．主从复合句（1）宾语从句（2）状语从句（3）定语从句（4）主语从句（5）表语从句20．间接引语21．省略22．倒装23．强调24．虚拟语气附录3 功能意念项目表1．社会交往(Social Communications)（1）问候(Greetings)（2）介绍(Introduction)（3）告别(Farewells)（4）感谢(Thanks)（5）道歉(Apologies)（6）邀请(Invitation)（7）请求允许(Asking for permission)（8）祝愿和祝贺(Expressing wishes and congratulations)（9）提供帮助(Offering help)（10）接受和拒绝(Acceptance and refusal)（11）约会(Making appointments)（12）打电话(Making telephone calls)（13）就餐(Having meals)（14）就医(Seeing the doctor)（15）购物(Shopping)（16）问路(Asking the way)（17）谈论天气(Talking about weather)（18）语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication) （19）提醒注意(Reminding)（20）警告和禁止(Warning and prohibition)（21）劝告(Advice)（22）建议(Suggestions)2．态度(Attitudes)（23）同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)（24）喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)（25）肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty)（26）可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility)（27）能够和不能够(Ability and inability)（28）偏爱和优先选择(Preference)（29）意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)（30）希望和愿望(Hopes and wishes)（31）表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement) （32）责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)（33）冷淡(Indifference)（34）判断与评价(Judgement and evaluation) 3．情感(Emotions)（35）高兴(Happiness)（36）惊奇(Surprise)（37）忧虑(Worries)（38）安慰(Reassurance)（39）满意(Satisfaction)（40）遗憾(Regret)（41）同情(Sympathy)（42）恐惧(Fear)（43）愤怒(Anger)4．时间(Time)（44）时刻(Point of time)（45）时段(Duration)（46）频度(Frequency)（47）时序(Sequence)5．空间(Space)（48）位置(Position)（49）方向(Direction)（50）距离(Distance)6．存在(Existence)（51）存在与不存在(Existence and Non-existence) 7．特征(Features)（52）形状(Shape)（53）颜色(Colour)（54）材料(Material)（55）价格(Price)（56）规格(Size)（57）年龄(Age)8．计量(Measurement)（58）长度(Length)（59）宽度(Width)（60）高度(Height)（61）数量(Number)9．比较(Comparison)（62）同级比较(Equal comparison)（63）差别比较(Comparative and superlative) （64）相似和差别(Similarity and difference) 10．逻辑关系(Logical relations)（65）原因和结果(Cause and effect)（66）目的(Purpose)11．职业(Occupations)（67）工作(Jobs)（68）单位(Employer)附录4 话题项目表1．个人情况(Personal information)2．家庭、朋友与周围的人(Family, friends and people around)3．周围的环境(Personal environments)4．日常活动(Daily routines)5．学校生活(School life)6．兴趣与爱好(Interests and hobbies)7．个人感情(Emotions)8．人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)9．计划与愿望(Plans and intentions)10．节假日活动(Festivals, holidays and celebrations)11．购物(Shopping)12．饮食(Food and drink)13．健康(Health)14．天气(Weather)15．文娱与体育(Entertainment and sports)16．旅游和交通(Travel and transport)17．语言学习(Language learning)18．自然(Nature)19．世界与环境(The world and the environment)20．科普知识与现代技术(Popular science and mondern technology) 21．热点话题(Topical issues)22．历史与地理(History and geography)23．社会(Society)24．文学与艺术(Literature and art)附录5 词汇表（略）。