动词不定式可以作以上各种成分教学提纲

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动词不定式讲解讲课讲稿

动词不定式讲解讲课讲稿

解讲式定不词动.精品文档一动词不定式:to + 动词原形1.基本用法:可在句中作主、宾、表、定、状、补。

1)作主语To get up early is a good habit.It's so nice to hear your voice.(it 为形式主语)It is important for us to learn English well.It's silly of you to do such a thing.How to improve our English is still a problem.2) 作宾语We all hope to see you.They found it hard to learn Chinese. (it 为形式宾语)I do not know what to do next. (疑问词+ 不定式)He asked me how to improve English.(疑问词+不定式)3)作表语①一般情况My work is to clean the room every day.His dream is to be a doctor.The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

He seemed to have known the news.②如果主语是不定式,则表语也用不定式。

例如:To see is to believe.Seeing is believing.③作表语的不定式有时可省略符号to:这时主语部分必须含有动词do,而作表语的不定式则解释do 的精确意思。

All I did was (to) give him a little help.收集于网络,如有侵权请联系管理员删除.精品文档What we want to do now is (to) have a rest.4)作定语①不定式作定语时,被修饰的名词常为它的逻辑宾语。

动词不定式(todo)教案

动词不定式(todo)教案

动词不定式(todo)教案——动词不定式(to do)1. 请填出不定式的相关形式。

不定式:时态主动态被动态一般式进行式完成式不定式的否定形式: not + 不定式请问不定式在句中可作哪些成分?____________________________________________ 3. 请画出下列句子中的不定式并说出它是哪种形式。

1. John said that he had run in order to catch the bus. (一般式的主动态)2. He hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态)3. He pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式)4. He intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)5. This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago. (完成式的被动态)三. 典例引领,变式内化(一)动词不定式在句中充当的成分(1)作主语。

例:To see once is better than to hear a hundred times.变式训练1:T o make money is not the only purpose of our life.赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的在很多情况下,常用it 来充当动词不定式的形式主语。

例:It is important for us to learn English very well.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。

变式训练2: It is necessary for us to protect environment. 对我们来说保护环境是很有必要的。

(2)作宾语,常用在以下动词后:help,hope,ask,refuse,decide,promise,wish,pretend,expect,arrange,learn,plan,demand,dare,manage,agree,prepare,fail,determine,offer,choose,desire,elect,long,(happen,seem)例如:He managed to pass the exam.他成功地通过了考试。

(完整版)动词不定式教案和练习

(完整版)动词不定式教案和练习

Infinitives动词不定式教课目的:1.掌握动词不定式的几种形式2.掌握动词不定式在句子中能够作什成分3.掌握动词不定式用法/功能4.掌握运用动词不定式注意事项教课难点:动词不定式用法教课方法:经过放映幻灯片,教师解说,学生思虑,最后总结的方法来实现本课的教课任务。

教课过程:Step1.出示幻灯片让学生认识动词不定式的几种形式1.动词不定式的基本形式to + 动词原形有时能够不带2.动词不定式的否认形式to( 秃顶不定式)not/never + to donot/never + do3.不定式的逻辑主语It ’ s good for you to do morning exercises.The question is too difficult for us to answer. Itroom.It ’ s very kind of you to think of the others.’toos dark for me to see anything in the 假如要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的,能够在不定式前加一个for(of) 惹起的短语。

介词for(of) Step2.的宾语叫不定式的逻辑主语。

请学生思虑:动词不定式在句子中能够作什成分?学生得出结论:1.作主语2. 作宾语3. 作宾语补足语4. 作定语5. 作状语5.作状语6.作表语7.与疑问词等连用Step3. 出示幻灯片让学生依据总结结果增强记忆。

Step4. 议论动词不定式用法/功能,并总结:(1). 作主语To see is to believe.It ’ s exciting to surf on the Internet作主语的不定式假如很短,往常位于句首;若不定式(短语)较长时,常用 it 作形式主语,而把真实的主语(即动词不定式)放在后边以防止虎头蛇尾。

(2) 宾语I want to go home.The workers decided to get better pay.I found it necessary to talk to him again.常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有:want, hope, wish, refuse, learn,would like, choose, decide, agree,pretend, expect, planHe found it very difficult to get to sleep不定式作宾语时,如带有宾语补足语,则要把不定式放到后边,用it作形式宾语,组成“主语 +动词 +it+ 宾补(形容词、名词)+不定式”构造。

高三英语高考语法专项复习第1章 动词不定式教案全国通用 教案

高三英语高考语法专项复习第1章  动词不定式教案全国通用 教案

第五章动词不定式(一)动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式,在句中不能单独作谓语。

动词不定式具有动词的性质,它可以有自己的宾语和状语,从而构成动词不定式短语。

它还可以有形式的变化,即一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。

同时,动词不定式也具有非动词的性质,相当于一个名词、形容词或副词,可以在句中担任主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。

一、动词不定式的特征和种类动词不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。

A.不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。

He appears to be very happy. 他看起来好像很高兴。

(同时发生)To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 为了赶上火车,我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。

(to catch the train发生在hurry to the station之后)B.不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。

It happened to be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候,天碰巧在下雨。

I'm glad to be traveling with you. 我很高兴和你一起旅游。

C.不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生。

I'm sorry to have lost your key. 我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄丢了。

I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 我本来想昨晚完成工作的,但是我感觉身体不舒服。

It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 对我来说,被邀请来你们国家是一件很荣幸的事情。

动词不定式讲解教学提纲

动词不定式讲解教学提纲
It's+adj.+for+sb+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”
• 你可以用这个句型来验证
• sb + be + adj 句式。 • 看这个句子的意思是不是成立,要是成立,就用
of 。要是不成立则用for.
• you_are kind 这个句子成立,所以用of
• We are important 这个句子不成立,则用for
I feel it easy to recite the text
点击规律: 这些动词后面除接不定式外, 还可以接动名词, 意 思区别不大。
提示板:like doing指经常性动作,而like to do指一次性的 动作。 I like swimming,but I don‘t like to swim now. 我喜欢游泳, 但我现在不想游。
巧记动词不定式作宾语歌诀:
• 想要拒绝莫忘记 • (want, refuse, forget) • 需要努力就学习 • (need, try, learn) • 喜欢帮助加同意 • (like help agree ) • 希望决定后开始 • (hope, decide, begin, start)
名词:主语 宾语 形容词:表语 定语
副词:状语 宾补
谚语 要记住
• To say is one thing and to do is another.
• It is better to give than to receive • To work hard is the key to
success. • To see is to believe
动词不定式基本用法口诀
• 不定式有标记, to与动原连一起。 • 没有人称数变化, 动词特点它具备。 • 主宾定状表状语, 惟独作谓不可以。 • not加上不定式, 否定结构要牢记。 • 疑问词与不定式, 构成短语有意义。 • 仔细推敲多思考, 准确判断有依据。

动词不定式教案

动词不定式教案

动词不定式教学过程一、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学的知识,(以提问、回顾的形式进行),针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑,并通过对常见的后接不定式的动词的总结与分析导入本节课所要学习的动词不定式。

二、知识讲解知识点1:动词不定式的概述1.动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,有时可以不带to,其否定形式是“not(+to)+动词原形。

动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。

2.动词不定式仍保留动词的特点,即可以有自己的宾语和状语。

动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。

3.动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

知识点2:动词不定式主动式的句法功能1、动词不定式作主语【考查点】当动词不定式做主语时,其谓语动词常用单数。

如:To say something is one thing; to do it is another.说是一回事,做是另一回事。

To help animals is helping people.帮助动物就是帮助人【考查点】当动词不定式在句子中做主语时,通常使用it作形式主语而真正主语则是不定式或不定式短语,以使句子保持平衡。

如:It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。

It's very kind of you to help us.他帮助我们,他真好。

【易错点】It's for sb.+ to do和It's of sb.+ to do由于表语形容词性质的不同,导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of的区别。

⑴for sb. 句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:如:It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

动词不定式教案(原创)

动词不定式教案(原创)

首先,介绍课堂大致结构,分为六个部分:一、定义二、动词不定式的主要构成三、动词不定式的用法四、动词不定式的否定形式五、动词不定式的其它用法其次,细讲每个部分;最后,总结回顾,强调本节课重难点。

重难点:1. 对动词不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语时的转化;2. 动词不定式作定语时,对于哪些动词要加相应的介词,以及区分及物动词&不及物动词的方法;3. 掌握动词不定式的常见用法,尤其其中一些特殊的不带to 的不定式用法。

一、动词不定式的定义:动词不定式是一种非谓语动词。

注:非谓语动词,即不能作谓语,且没有人称和数的变化的动词。

二、主要构成:to + 动词原形(被动形式: to be +过去分词)注:to 只是不定式符号,没有实际意义,当然它也存在不带to 的情况。

三、动词不定式的用法:注:动词不定式有动词的性质,可接宾语和状语构成不定式短语,作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。

1.作主语:E.g. To answer your questions is difficult. (不定式作主语的时候,谓语动词用单数。

)(但显然,句子从形式上来看,显得头重脚轻,所以通常我们会把它写成以it 作形式主语的形式,见下例:)***It is difficult to answer your questions. (回答你的问题很难。

)Note: 形式主语:"it"真正主语:"to answer your questions"2.作表语:E.g. a. The most important thing is to save the boy first. (最重要的事情是先救那个男孩。

)“Is+ 不定式”为系表结构,故不定式在这里作表语。

b. My wish is to be a doctor.3.作宾语:动词不定式作及物动词的宾语,常见的及物动词有:begin/ start, want, hope, forger/ remember, love/ like, need, try, learn, wish, agree, choose, plan, decide, refuse等E.g. a. I want to ask you a question.Note: "to ask you a question"为 "want"的宾语。

动词不定式教案

动词不定式教案

动词不定式教案第一篇:动词不定式教案动词不定式教案教学目标1.学会什么是动词不定式2.会使用动词不定式重难点1.能正确的使用动词不定式的各种用法教学步骤Grammar: 动词不定式Ⅰ.不定式句法功能1.作主语:The cat said, “To take roller coaster” is terrible.不定式短语作主语时,可以直接放在句首,但在很多情况下,尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中,往往放在谓语之后,而用先行代词it作形式主语。

→ The cat said, “It’s terrible to take roller coaster.” How long did it take you to take roller coaster? How terrible it is to take roller coaster? 不定式作主语常见句型:a)It is + adj.(easy, important, d ifficult…)+ 不定式b)It is + n.(a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame)+ 不定式eg.It’s my duty to teach you how to be a student of No.3 Middle School.c)It takes/needs/requires + some time(hours, months, days, patience…)+ 不定式 eg.It requires patience to be a good teacher.2.作表语:当句子的主语是aim, idea, policy, question, suggestion, wish, task, duty, job, purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时,后面可以用不定式做表语,用以说明主语所包含内容。

eg.Our most important task now is to make a plan.注:作表语的不定式都带to,但当主语部分有实义动词do时,to可以省略。

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)章节一:动词不定式的概念与构成教学目标:1. 让学生理解动词不定式的概念。

2. 让学生掌握动词不定式的构成。

3. 让学生能够正确运用动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语。

教学内容:1. 动词不定式的概念:动词不定式是一种没有主语和宾语的句子形式,由动词原形加上“to”构成。

2. 动词不定式的构成:动词原形+ “to”。

3. 动词不定式的基本用法:a. 作主语:如:To see is to believe.b. 作宾语:如:I want to go.c. 作表语:如:His goal is to study hard.教学活动:1. 引入动词不定式的概念,让学生通过实例理解。

2. 讲解动词不定式的构成,让学生进行练习。

3. 分组讨论,让学生用动词不定式作主语、宾语和表语造句。

章节二:动词不定式的否定形式教学目标:1. 让学生掌握动词不定式的否定形式。

2. 让学生能够正确运用动词不定式的否定形式。

1. 动词不定式的否定形式:在“to”前面加上“not”,即“not to”。

2. 动词不定式的否定形式的用法:表示否定意义,如:I don't want to go.教学活动:1. 讲解动词不定式的否定形式,让学生进行练习。

2. 小组活动,让学生用动词不定式的否定形式造句。

章节三:动词不定式的疑问形式教学目标:1. 让学生掌握动词不定式的疑问形式。

2. 让学生能够正确运用动词不定式的疑问形式。

教学内容:1. 动词不定式的疑问形式:在“to”前面加上“do/does/did”,如:Do you want to go?2. 动词不定式的疑问形式的用法:用于提问,如:Do you want to go shopping?教学活动:1. 讲解动词不定式的疑问形式,让学生进行练习。

2. 小组活动,让学生用动词不定式的疑问形式提问。

章节四:动词不定式作主语教学目标:1. 让学生掌握动词不定式作主语的用法。

动词不定式教案教学提纲

动词不定式教案教学提纲

动词不定式教案1. Teacher says and shows some En ligh sentence and let stude nts to guess.2. stude nts try to un dersta nd and guess.①.Mrs Gao in vites us to guess who XXX is/are ②XXX sdream is to go to university ③XXX wa nt to find a good job. ④So XXX get up so early as to study. ⑤XXX has/have many En glish papers to do. ⑥ But XXX don ' t hate Mrs Gao,because XXX know that it's XXX to spe nd all our time on studies.I. play. 2.Students answer and fill in the following table in group. 1. Teacher shows the syn tax-f un cti on of the infin itive(subject,object,predicative,compleme nt,attribute,adverbial)2. Stude nts follow teacher to lear n the new kon wledge.动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。

因此在句中可以做主语、表 语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。

一、不定式做主语:I .Lead-in (guessi ng)n .Finding rules and fill in table.川.Presenta tion (the syntax-function)andexercise s duty1.To master a foreign Ianguage is necessary.=It ' s necessary to master a foreign Ianguage.2」t ' s kind of you to help me.lt ' s difficufor you to finish it on time.六. 不定式做状语不定式做状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等,表示目的、原因、结果、条件等。

动词不定式可以作以上各种成分

动词不定式可以作以上各种成分

主动形式被动形式一般式(not) to make (not) to be made完成式(not) to have made (not) to have been made进行式(not) to be making完成进行式(not) to have been making一作定语置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。

①The next train to arrive is from Washington. 表示将来的动作②Have you anything to be taken to your sister只有动宾关系,则需用被动语态③Do you have anything to say on the question 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍用主动语态④Would you please give me some paper to write on 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词不定式作定语时=定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive。

二、作表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。

①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.当主语和表语都是不定式时,其含义一是条件,一是结果(例①)②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词(例②)时,或以what引导的名词性分句(例③),不定式说明主语的内容。

④Our work is serving the people.⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving thepeople is out work,-----------------------------------------------------------------⑥The story told by is interesting.而⑥句中是现在分词作表语,说明主语的性质、状态,三、作宾补1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)Advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instructinvite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warnFather will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍I found him lying on the ground. 用分词做宾补(现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动)=I found it important to learn. 先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to do=I found that to learn English is important. 带一个从句此类动词还有get,have。

动词不定式之三大形式教学设计(教案)

动词不定式之三大形式教学设计(教案)

英语课程教案及配套练习(模版)配套练习1.Do let your mother know the truth.she appears____everything.A.to tellB.to be toldC.to be tellingD.to have been told2.If the building project_____by the end of this month is delayed,The construction company_____fined.A.to be completed;will beB.being completed;will bepleted;wasD.will be completed;is to be3.The little girl showed no anxiety before the competition.She seemed______it pretty well.A.to prepareB.preparingC.having preparedD.to have prepared4.I can’t stand _________ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______ talking while she works.A. working; stoppingB. to work; stoppingC. working; to stopD. to work; to stop5.The children all turned______the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A.looked atB.to look atC.to looking atD.look at6.The Chinese ship, Tianyu 8, was reported_______off the eastcoast of Kenya in November, 2008.A.to be attackedB.to have been attackedC.to be attackingD.to have been attacking答案:1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.B 6.B解析:1.根据句意,妈妈被告知了事情的真相,故应选B。

动词不定式教案.docx

动词不定式教案.docx

统一教育学科教师个性化授课教案讲义编号:J H R __________ 教务主任审核签字 ___________________ 学员编号:年级:课时数:学生姓名:辅导科目:英语学科教师:姜红日"W~~井1有诸纫冋乙切冋小疋玖授课日期及时段:教学目的知道动词不定式有带to和不带to两种情况,彻底掌握非谓语动词不定式的用法。

知识点1、动词不立式概述2、动词不定式的句法功能3、动词不定式的时态和语态4、不带to的不定式重点1、动词不定式的句法功能2、动词不定式的时态和语态3、不带to的不定式教学进程和教学内容不定式to do主动形式被动式一般式to do to be done完成式To have done to have been done进行式to be doing /完成进行式to have been doing /一、动词不定式概述:动词不定式指由to加上动词原形所构成的一种非限定性动词,但在有些情况下to可省略。

动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语,状语,宾语补足语等。

To ignore(忽视)this dangerous signal would be a terrible mistake. (作主语)He promised not to tell anyone else about it.(作宾语)To treat comrades like enemies is to go over to the side of the enemy.(作表语)The manager announced his intention (o retire.(作定语)He asked his students to be quiet before he told them the great news.(作宾补)二、动词不定式的句法功能1.作主语(1)可用it作形式主语来替换。

To catch (he 5: 00 am bus in the morning is not a good idea.赶清晨5点的汽车可不是一个好主意。

Infinitive动词不定式教学提纲

Infinitive动词不定式教学提纲
⑶不定式带有by引导的短语时,用被动语 态表达被动意义。
They expected you to have been here. 注:与be动词连用时,表示没有实现过去的
计划。
The plane was to have taken off at six, but something went wrong with it.
㈣完成进行式
不定式完成进行时在实际运用中较少,不 仅表示不定式动词动作发生在谓语动词动作 之前,而且强调其动作还在一直进行着。
⑴当动词不定式与被修饰的名词构成主谓关系 时,用主动语态表示主动意义。
We need someone to help with the typing. ⑵当动词不定式与修饰名词构成动宾关系,又 和句中某一名词或代词构成主谓关系时,用主动 语态表示被动意义。
I will buy you some magazines to read. ⑶当不定式作表语形容词的状语,又和句子主 语构成动宾关系时,用主动语态表示被动意义。
二、动词不定式的时态
㈠一般式:所表示的动作与谓语动词 动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后,或 表示泛指一个动作,不表明动作完成进行等状 况。
I like to swim in the sea.(泛指) I heard her sing this song.(同时发生) I want to go to Shanghai tomorrow.(将来发生) 注:有时动作还可以发生在谓语动词动作之 前,如用来表示原因。
I am sorry to have been troubling you all the time.
注:wish后不定式、完成式表示与过去事 实相反的愿望。
He said he wished to have been serving in the army during the last three years.

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法

初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法教案教学目标:1.理解并掌握动词不定式的基本用法;2.能正确运用动词不定式进行句子结构的转化。

教学重点:1.动词不定式的基本结构;2.动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语等的用法。

教学难点:动词不定式与其他句子成分之间的关系。

教学准备:课堂PPT、课本、活动卡片。

教学流程:Step 1:导入新课介绍动词不定式的定义,并与学生一起回顾一般现在时和一般过去时的基本用法。

Step 2:讲解动词不定式的基本结构1. 强调动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成;2.通过例句引导学生注意动词不定式的位置和用法。

Step 3:动词不定式作主语1.提问“动词不定式可以作句子的哪个成分?”引导学生思考和回答;2.通过示例句引导学生理解动词不定式作主语的概念和用法。

Step 4:动词不定式作宾语1.提问“动词不定式可以作句子的哪个成分?”引导学生思考和回答;2.通过示例句引导学生理解动词不定式作宾语的概念和用法。

Step 5:动词不定式作表语1.提问“动词不定式可以作句子的哪个成分?”引导学生思考和回答;2.通过示例句引导学生理解动词不定式作表语的概念和用法。

Step 6:动词不定式在句子结构中的转换1.通过讲解和示例引导学生学会将句子由主语+谓语动词结构转化为主语+谓语动词不定式的结构;2.通过活动卡片练习,让学生进行句子结构的转换。

Step 7:小结与作业布置总结动词不定式的基本用法,布置动词不定式的练习题作业。

教学反思:通过引导学生通过例句理解动词不定式的用法,学生能够较好地掌握动词不定式的基本结构和用法。

通过活动卡片练习,学生又得到了一次巩固和运用的机会。

这样的教学方式让学生在实践中学习,增加了学生的参与度和兴趣,提高了学习效果。

动词不定式做主语-宾语-及双宾语结构教学提纲

动词不定式做主语-宾语-及双宾语结构教学提纲

动词不定式(the infinitive)用法梳理(1)定义:动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。

结构:“to +动词原形”,即“to do”,其中 to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。

否定形式为:not / never + to do句法功能:一、用作主语○1多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。

E.g. To learn English well is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn English well.1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems.2. The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.○2动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

To see is to believe.(眼见为实;百闻不如一见)【翻译】成为一个老师是我的梦想。

.○3疑问词+不定式短语作主语可置于句首。

How to learn English well is important.补充:用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。

如:①It+be+名词+to do It's our duty to take good care of the old.②It takes sb + some time +to do How long did it take you to finish the work?③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do 逻辑主语It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour.④It+be+形容词+of sb+to do “It is stupid of you to write down everything”,the teacher says.注意:在③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等;在④中,常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等表示赞扬或批评的词,强调对人的评价。

不定式在句中的用法教案

不定式在句中的用法教案
8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.
A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued
B、动词hear, see, feel, watch, notice, look at, listen to等后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语时不能带to,即常见的形式为: hear sb do sth等;
Many people like to watch others play games.许多人喜欢看别人玩游戏.
A .making herself hear B. to make herself hear
C. making herself heard D .to make herself heard
4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.
C、let, make, have后面的动词不定式作宾语补足语,也不能带to。
这两种情况下的动词不定式在改被动语态句子时,必须将省略的to还原,也就是说,动词后跟带to的动词不定式.
We heard him sing every day.
He was heard to sing every day.那时每天都听到他唱歌.
作宾补二
I shall have to ask herto leave the company.
ask属于接“带to”的不定式作宾补。

动词不定式可以作各种成分

动词不定式可以作各种成分

动词不定式可以作以上各种成分,但它毕竟是动词,所以有动词的属性动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语,虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语,但它表达的意义是动作,这一动作一定由使动者发出。

这一使动者我们称之为逻辑主语,其形式如下:主动形式被动形式一般式(not)to make (not)to be made完成式(not)to have made (not)to have been made进行式(not)to be making完成进行式(not)to have been making(1)语态如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。

如:It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。

如:There are still many things to t ake care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)(2)时态1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

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动词不定式可以作以上各种成分主动形式被动形式一般式(not) to make (not) to be made完成式(not) to have made (not) to have been made进行式(not) to be making完成进行式(not) to have been making一作定语置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。

①The next train to arrive is from Washington. 表示将来的动作②Have you anything to be taken to your sister?只有动宾关系,则需用被动语态③Do you have anything to say on the question? 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍用主动语态④Would you please give me some paper to write on? 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词不定式作定语时=定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive。

二、作表语不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。

①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.当主语和表语都是不定式时,其含义一是条件,一是结果(例①)②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词(例②)时,或以what引导的名词性分句(例③),不定式说明主语的内容。

④Our work is serving the people.⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving thepeople is out work,-----------------------------------------------------------------⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.而⑥句中是现在分词作表语,说明主语的性质、状态,三、作宾补1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)Advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge knowlike order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell thinktrain trust understand urge warnFather will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍I found him lying on the ground. 用分词做宾补(现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动) =I found it important to learn. 先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to do=I found that to learn English is important. 带一个从句此类动词还有get,have。

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2) to + be 的不定式结构,作宾补的动词。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understandWe consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

3) to be +形容词Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…The book is believed to be uninteresting.人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4) there be+不定式believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstandWe didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

5)as 短语做补语,如regard, think believe, take, consider.Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

四:作状语1)目的状语To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to,so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry.3) 表原因I'm glad to see you.The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit on当动词与介词连用时,常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。

五、作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式置于句首。

如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置后3)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型(错)It is to believe to see. (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

六、作宾语1) 动词+不定式 Want to do be warned not to do被动2)动词+不定式=动词+宾语+不定式ask, beg, choose, expe ct , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3)动词+疑问词+ to(疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数)decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tellPlease show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

The question is how to put it into practice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

4)有些动词只能跟不定式作宾语=接that引导的从句。

I decided to ask for my money back.I decided that I would ask for my money back.5)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。

He feels it his duty to help the poor.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(1)语态在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。

如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:These is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)(2)时态1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

He seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。

2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

.He seems to have caught a cold.3) 进行时:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eating something.4) 完成进行时:She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.疑问词+不定式结构疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。

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