给排水专业英文缩写词[精.选]

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给排水科学与工程英文缩写

给排水科学与工程英文缩写Drainage Science and EngineeringDrainage science and engineering is a critical field that encompasses the study and management of water systems, both natural and man-made. This discipline encompasses a wide range of topics, from the design and construction of drainage infrastructure to the analysis of water flow and the mitigation of water-related hazards. As the world faces increasing challenges related to water scarcity, flooding, and environmental degradation, the importance of drainage science and engineering has never been more pronounced.At its core, drainage science and engineering is concerned with the efficient and sustainable management of water resources. This involves the study of the hydrological cycle, including the movement of water through the soil, surface, and groundwater systems. Drainage engineers use this knowledge to design and construct systems that can effectively channel, divert, or store water in a way that minimizes the risk of flooding, erosion, and other water-related problems.One of the key aspects of drainage science and engineering is thedesign and construction of drainage infrastructure. This includes the development of stormwater management systems, which are responsible for collecting and channeling rainwater and runoff to prevent flooding and erosion. Drainage engineers also play a crucial role in the design and construction of irrigation systems, which are essential for agricultural production in many parts of the world.In addition to the design and construction of drainage infrastructure, drainage science and engineering also encompasses the analysis and modeling of water flow. This involves the use of advanced mathematical and computational techniques to predict the behavior of water under various conditions, such as during storms or periods of drought. By understanding the complex dynamics of water flow, drainage engineers can develop more effective strategies for managing water resources and mitigating the impacts of water-related hazards.Another important aspect of drainage science and engineering is the consideration of environmental and ecological factors. Drainage systems can have significant impacts on local ecosystems, and drainage engineers must carefully consider the potential consequences of their work on the natural environment. This may involve the use of sustainable design principles, such as the incorporation of green infrastructure or the use of natural materials in the construction of drainage systems.Overall, drainage science and engineering is a critical field that plays a vital role in the management and conservation of water resources. As the world faces increasing challenges related to water scarcity, flooding, and environmental degradation, the demand for skilled drainage engineers and scientists is only expected to grow. By continuing to advance the field of drainage science and engineering, we can work towards a more sustainable and resilient future for our water systems and the communities that depend on them.。

给排水专业英文缩写词[精选]甄选

给排水专业英文缩写词[精.选]1 编制目的为了在工程设计文件中正确使用英文缩写词和理解英文缩写词表达的涵义,特编制本文件。

2 适用范围英文缩写词可以在英文注释的给排水专业图纸和设计文件中使用。

用中文注释的图纸和设计文件除特殊情况外, 一般不采用。

在绘制工程设计图纸时, 英文缩写词一律采用大写字母。

3 给排水专业英文缩写词3.1 配管另部件类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.1.1 P Pipe 管子3.1.2 EL Elbow 弯头3.1.3 MEL Mitre elbow 虾米腰弯头3.1.4 REL Reducing elbow 导径弯头3.1.5 T Tee 三通3.1.6 LT Lateral tee 斜三通3.1.7 RT Reducing tee 导径三通3.1.8 R Reducer 导径管(大小头)3.1.9 CR Concentric reducer 同心异径管(同心大小头)3.1.10 ER Eccentric reducer 偏心异径管(偏心大小头)3.1.11 CPL Coupling 管箍3.1.12 ECPL Full coupling 双头管箍3.1.13 HCPL Half coupling 单头管箍3.1.14 RCPL Reducing coupling 异径管箍3.1.15 BU Bushing 内外螺纹接头1 / 14doc格式可编辑3.1.16 UN Union 活接头3.1.17 HC Hose coupler 软管接头3.1.18 NIP Nipple 短节3.1.19 CP Cap 管帽(封头)3.1.20 PL Plug 管堵(丝堵)3.1.21 BLK Blank 盲板3.1.22 SB Spectacle blank(blind) 8字盲板3.1.23 MH Metallic hose 金属软管3.1.24 RP Reinforcing pad 补强板3.1.25 FLG Flange 法兰3.1.26 WNF Welding neck flange 对焊法兰3.1.27 SOF Slip-on flange 平焊法兰3.1.28 SWF Socket welding flange 承插焊法兰3.1.29 THR Threaded 螺纹3.1.30 REDF Reducing(flange) 异径(法兰)3.1.31 BF Blind flange 法兰盖(盲法兰)3.1.32 FSF Flange sealing face 法兰密封面3.1.33 FF Flat face 全平面3.1.34 RF Raised face 凸台面3.1.35 MFF Male and female face 凹凸面3.1.36 MF Male face 凸面3.1.37 TGF Tongue and groove face 榫槽面3.1.38 TF Tongue face 榫面3.1.39 GF Groove face 槽面3.1.40 G Gasket 垫片3.1.41 NMG Non-metalic gasket 非金属垫片3.1.42 AG Asbestos gasket 石棉垫片3.1.43 RG Rubber gasket 橡胶垫片3.1.44 MG Metallic gasket 金属垫片3.1.45 B Bolt 螺栓3.1.46 SB Stud bolt 螺柱3.1.47 NU Nut 螺母3.1.48 TB Turnbuckle 花篮螺母3.1.49 WSR Washer 垫圈2 / 14doc格式可编辑3.1.50 SWSR Spring washer 弹簧垫圈3.1.51 GV Gate valve 闸阀3.1.52 GLV Globe valve 截止阀3.1.53 CHV Check valve 止回阀3.1.54 BUV Butterfly valve 蝶阀3.1.55 BAV Ball valve 球阀3.1.56 PV Plug valve(cock) 旋塞阀3.1.57 CV Control valve 调节阀3.1.58 SV Safety valve 安全阀3.1.59 PRV Pressure reducing valve 减压阀3.1.60 ST Steam trap 疏水阀3.1.61 RV Relief valve 泄压阀3.1.62 BV Breather valve 呼吸阀3.1.63 NV Needle valve 针形阀3.1.64 DV Diaphragm valve 隔膜阀3.1.65 AV Angle valve 角阀3.1.66 TWV 3.Way valve 三通阀3.1.67 SGV Socket gate valve 插板阀3.1.68 SR Strainer 过滤器3.1.69 SRY Y-type strainer Y型过滤器3.1.70 SRT T-type strainer T型过滤器3.1.71 SPR Separator 分离器3.1.72 FA Flame arrester 阻火器3.1.73 SIL Silencer 消声器3.1.74 SG Sight glass 视镜3.1.75 SC Sample cooler 取样冷却器3.1.76 DF Drain funner 排液漏斗3.1.77 RO Restriction orifice 限流孔板3.1.78 EJ Expansion joint 补偿器(膨胀节)3.1.79 INS Thermal insulation 隔热3.1.80 HINS Hot insulation 保温3.1.81 CINS Cold insulation 保冷3.1.82 T Tracing 伴热(冷)3.1.83 EST External steam tracing 蒸汽外伴热3 / 14doc格式可编辑3.1.84 IST Internal steam tracing 蒸汽内伴热3.1.85 SJT Steam-jacket tracing 蒸汽夹套伴热3.1.86 ET Electric tracing 电伴热3.1.87 M Metallic material 金属材料3.1.88 CI Cast iron 铸铁3.1.89 MI Malleable iron 可锻铸铁3.1.90 DI Ductile iron 球墨铸铁3.1.91 CS Carbon steel 碳钢3.1.92 CAS Cast steel 铸钢3.1.93 FS Forged steel 锻钢3.1.94 AS Alloy steel 合金钢3.1.95 SS Stainless steel 不锈钢3.1.96 AL Aluminium 铝3.1.97 BRS Brass 黄铜3.1.98 BRZ Bronze 青铜3.1.99 CU Copper 紫铜3.1.100 THK Thickness 壁厚3.1.101 STD Standard 标准3.1.102 XS Extra strong 加强3.1.103 XXS Double extra strong 特强3.2 装置布置及生产流程类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.2.1 CN Construction north 建北3.2.2 E Eest 东3.2.3 W West 西3.2.4 S South 南3.2.5 N North 北3.2.6 H Horizontal 水平3.2.7 V Vertical 竖直、铅直、直立3.2.8 GRD Ground 地坪3.2.9 UG Underground 地下3.2.10 BL Battery limit 装置边界线(界4 / 14doc格式可编辑区线)3.2.11 ES Emergency shower 事故淋浴器3.2.12 EW Eye washer 事故洗眼器3.2.13 HS Hose station 软管站3.2.14 PS Piping support 管架3.2.15 PR Piping rack 管廊3.2.16 STRU Structure 构架(构筑物)3.2.17 BLDG Building 建筑物3.2.18 SHEL Shelter 棚3.2.19 COFF Cofferdam 围堰3.2.20 FL Floor 楼板3.2.21 PF Platform 平台3.2.22 EL Elevation 标高3.2.23 BOP Bottom of pipe 管底3.2.24 COP Center of pipe 管中心3.2.25 TOP Top of pipe 管顶3.2.26 FOB Flat on bottom 底平3.2.27 FOT Flat on top 顶平3.2.28 CL Center line 中心线3.2.29 TL Tangent line 切线3.2.30 BOS Bottom of support 支架底3.2.31 TOS Top of support 支架顶3.2.32 TOB Top of beam 梁顶3.2.33 BOB Bottom of boam 梁底3.2.34 CL Clearance 净距(净空)3.2.35 CTC Center to center 中心至中心3.2.36 CTF Center to face 中心至面3.2.37 CTE Center to end 中心至端部3.2.38 ETE End to end 端到端3.2.39 D Diameter 直径3.2.40 DN Nominal diameter 公称直径3.2.41 ID Inside diameter 内径3.2.42 OD Outside diameter 外径3.2.43 DIM Dimension 尺寸3.2.44 MAX Maximum 最大5 / 14doc格式可编辑3.2.47 APP Approximate 约, 近似3.2.48 PFD Process flow diagram 工艺流程图3.2.49 PID Piping & instrument 管道和仪表流程图diagram3.2.50 COD…Continued on drawing…接至图…3.2.51 DTL Detail 详图3.2.52 SP Spool drawing 管段图(Isometric drawing) 单管图（空视图）3.2.53 DWG.NO Drawing number 图号3.2.54 LOM List of material 材料表3.2.55 APPX Appendix 附录3.2.56 JOB.NO Job Number 工号(项目号)3.2.57 BEDD Basic engineering 基础工程设计数据design data3.2.58 DEDD Detail engineering 详细工程设计数据design data3.2.59 REV.NO Revision number 修改号3.2.60 REF.DWG Reference drawing 参考图3.2.61 AUTO Automatic 自动3.2.62 MNL Manual 手动3.2.63 LC Lock close 锁闭3.2.64 LO Lock open 锁开3.2.65 NC Normally close 正常关3.2.66 NO Normally open 正常开3.2.67 ATM Atmosphere 大气(压)3.2.68 PN Nominal pressure 公称压力3.2.69 TEMP(T) Temperature 温度3.2.70 PRESS(P) Pressure 压力3.2.71 W Welding 焊接6 / 14doc格式可编辑3.2.74 LW Lap welding 搭接焊3.2.75 BW Butt welding 对焊3.2.76 SW Socket welding 承插焊3.2.77 FW Field welding 现场焊3.2.78 HT Heat treatment 热处理3.2.79 PH Preheating 预热3.2.80 SR Stress relief 应力消除3.2.81 PWHT Post weld heat 焊后热处理treatment3.2.82 HYDT Hydraulic testing 水压试验3.2.83 PNET Pneumatic testing 气压试验3.2.84 CE Covered electrode 焊条3.2.85 F/F Field faricated 现场制造3.2.86 REV Revision 修改3.2.87 CA Corrosion allowance 腐蚀裕度3.2.88 UTL Utility 公用工程3.2.89 QTY Quantity 数量3.2.90 WT Weight 重量3.2.91 MHR Man hour 工时3.2.92 HP(HL) High point(Level) 高点(高液位) 3.2.93 LP(LL) Low point(Level) 低点(低液位) 3.2.94 SUC Suction 吸入口3.2.95 DIS Discharge 排出口3.2.96 SO Steam out 蒸汽吹扫(口) 3.2.97 DR Drain 排液3.2.98 VT Vent 放气3.2.99 RTG Rating 压力等级3.2.100 CC Chemical clean 化学清洗3.2.101 SMLS Seamless 无缝的3.2.102 WELD Welded 焊接的3.2.103 CO Clean out 清洗(口)3.2.104 SYM Symmetrical 对称的3.2.105 UC Utility connection 公用工程接头7 / 14doc格式可编辑3.2.106 FDN Foundation 基础3.2.107 INF information 信息资料3.2.108 REF Reference 参考3.2.109 SEQ Sequence 序号（顺序）3.3 有关消防类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.3.1 EXP Expansion 发泡倍数3.3.2 HEF High expansion foam 高倍数泡沫3.3.3 MEF Medium expansion foam 中倍数泡沫3.3.4 CON Concentration 混合比3.3.5 RFA rafe of foam application 泡沫供给速率3.3.6 ECS Enclosure 封闭空间3.3.7 FTT foam transit tube 导泡筒3.3.8 TFHEFES Total flooding of High 全淹没式高倍数泡沫灭火系统expansion foamextinguishing system3.3.9 LAHMEFES Local application of 局部应用式高倍数、中倍数泡High & medium expansion 沫灭火系统foam extinguishing system3.3.10 MHMEFES Mobile of high & medium 移动式高倍数、中倍数泡沫expansion foam 灭火系统extinguishing system3.3.11 TFES Total flooding extinguish 全淹没灭火系统-ing system3.3.12 PA Protected Area 防护区3.3.13 CDS Combined distribution 组合分配系统8 / 14doc格式可编辑system3.3.14 FEC Flame extinguishing 灭火浓度Concentration3.3.15 IT Inhibition time 抑制时间3.3.16 PRO Pressure relief opening 泄压口3.3.17 EOA Equivalent orifice area 等效孔口面积3.3.18 FR Filling ratio 充装率3.3.19 MF Material factor 物质系数3.3.20 H Hydrant 消火栓3.3.21 M Monitor 消防水炮3.3.22 WSS Water sprinker system 水喷淋系统3.3.23 WSS Water spray system 水喷雾系统3.3.24 P.E Portable Extinguisher 移动式灭火器3.3.25 HFFS Halon Fire Fighting 卤代烷灭火系统system3.3.26 AC Alternating current 交流(电)3.3.27 DC Direct current 直流(电)3.4 有关工艺循环冷却水系统类:3.4.1 循环水序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.4.1.1 OS Open system 敞开式系统3.4.1.2 CS Closed system 密闭式系统3.4.1.3 Ch Chemicals 药剂3.4.1.4 CHB Count of heterotrophic 导养菌数bacteria3.4.1.5 SL Slime 粘泥3.4.1.6 SC Slime content 粘泥量3.4.1.7 FR Fouling resistance 污垢热阻值3.4.1.8 CR Corrosion rate 腐蚀率3.4.1.9 SCV Volumetric content of 系统容积system3.4.1.10 CC Cycle of concentration 浓缩倍数3.4.1.11 MTC Monitoring coupon 监测试片3.4.1.12 PF Prefilming 预膜3.4.1.13 IHE Indirect heat exchange 间接换热9 / 14doc格式可编辑3.4.1.14 SS Side stream 旁流水3.4.1.15 PRTC Permitted retention 药剂允许停留时间fime of chemicals3.4.1.16 MUW Makeup water 补充水3.4.1.17 BDW Blowdown water 排污水3.4.1.18 HLI Heat load intensity 热流密度3.4.1.19 S.I Saturation Index 饱和指数3.4.1.20 L.I Lang elier Index 朗格利尔指数3.4.1.21 S.I Stability Index 稳定指数3.4.1.22 S.I Scale inhibition 阻垢3.4.1.23 CI Corrosion inhibition 缓蚀3.4.1.24 OD Oxygen demand 需氧量3.4.1.25 BOD Biochemical oxygen 生化需氧量demand3.4.1.26 CODcr Chemical oxygen deman 化学需氧量(铬法)3.4.1.27 SS Suspended solid 悬浮固体3.4.1.28 M-al M-alkalinity M-碱度3.4.1.29 Ca-H Ca Hardness 钙-硬度3.4.1.30 Mg-H Mg Hardness 镁-硬度3.4.1.31 PH PH value PH值3.4.1.32 DO Dissolved oxygen 溶解氧3.4.1.33 T.S Total solids 总固体3.4.1.34 tr trace 痕迹3.4.1.35 T.D.S Total dissolved solid 总溶解固体3.4.1.36 TOC Total organic cabon 总有机碳3.4.1.37 TOD Total oxygen demand 需氧量3.4.1.38 OC Oxygen consumption 耗氧量3.4.1.39 NPSH Net positive suction 泵的净正吸入压头head3.4.1.40 D dispersant 分散剂3.4.1.41 B biocide 杀菌剂3.4.1.42 P.A Prefilming agent 预膜剂3.4.1.43 S.A Stripping agent 剥离剂10 / 14doc格式可编辑3.4.1.44 S Surfactant 表面活性剂3.4.1.45 DA defoaming agent 消泡剂3.4.2 冷却塔序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.4.2.1 CT Cooling Tower 冷却塔3.4.2.2 CTI Cooling Tower Institute 冷却塔协会3.4.2.3 NOC Number of cooling tower 冷却塔格数cells3.4.2.4 HWT Hot(or inlet) water 进塔热水温度temperature3.4.2.5 CWT Cold(or outlet)water (出塔)冷水温度temperature3.4.2.6 WBT Wet-bulb temperature 湿球温度3.4.2.7 DBT Dry-bulb temperature 干球温度3.4.2.8 TEMP Temperature 温度3.4.2.9 APP Approach to wet 逼近度bulb temperature3.4.2.10 R Cooling range 进出塔水温差3.4.2.11 BTU British Termal Unit 美国热能单位3.4.2.12 L Water flow rate 冷却水流量率3.4.2.13 G Air flow rate 空气流率3.4.2.14 L/G ratio Liquid/Gas ratio 水/气比3.4.2.15 C.F.Tower Counter flow cooling 逆流塔Tower3.4.2.16 CRFTower Cross-flow cooling 横流塔Tower3.5 给排水主要管线类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.5.1 DW Drinking water supply piping 生活给水管道3.5.2 PW Production water supply 生产给水管道piping3.5.3 RW Raw water piping 原水管道3.5.4 CW Cooling water supply piping 冷却水给水管道3.5.5 CR Cooling water return piping 冷却水回水管道3.5.6 GW Ground water piping 地下水管道3.5.7 FW Fire fighting water piping 消防给水管道3.5.8 HFW High-pressure fire fighting 高压消防给水管道water piping3.5.9 LFW Low-pressure fire fighting 低压消防给水管道water piping3.5.10 DS Domestic sewage piping 生活污水管道3.5.11 PS Production sewage piping 生产污水管道3.5.12 OS Oily sewage piping 含油污水管道3.5.13 RS Rain water sewage piping 雨水管道3.5.14 AS Acid sewage piping 酸性污水管道3.5.15 AI Alkaline sewage piping 碱性污水管道3.5.16 NS Non-polluted sewage piping 清净废水管道3.6 常用缩写词类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.6.1 abbr abbreviated 简写(称)的，缩写3.6.2 abs absolute 绝对的3.6.3 abt about 大约3.6.4 EL Elevation 标高3.6.5 approx approximately 近似的3.6.6 appx appendix 附录3.6.7 aq aqua 水，水溶液3.6.8 assn Association 协会3.6.9 aux auxiliary 辅助的3.6.10 avg average 平均的3.6.11 bal balance 平衡、量度、余数3.6.12 Co company 公司3.6.13 Conc Concentration 浓度3.6.14 Comp Compound 化合物3.6.15 eff efficiency 效率3.6.16 n,wt. net weight 净重3.6.17 Pr Pressure 压力3.6.18 qr quarter 四分之一3.6.19 r radius 半径3.6.20 s.h.p shaft horse power 轴马力3.7 常见机构缩写:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.7.1 A.C.S American Chemical Society 美国化学学会3.7.2 A.E.S.C American Engineering 美国工程标准委员会standard Committe3.7.3 A.P.I American petroleum Institute 美国石油协会3.7.4 A.S.A American Standard 美国标准协会Association3.7.5 A.S.C.E American Society cf civil 美国土木工程师学会Engineers3.7.6 A.S.M.E American Society of Mech 美国机械工程师学会anical Engineers3.7.7 NFPA National Fire Protection 国家防火协会Association3.7.8 WPCF Water pollution Control 美国水污染控制联合会Federation3.7.9 CTI Cooling Tower Institute 美国冷却塔协会最新文件仅供参考已改成word文本。

给排水缩写

给排水缩写给排水是指城市或建筑物内部用水的供应和污水的排放系统。

这个系统通常由多个设备、管道和构件组成，进行供水和排水的交换。

在建筑工程和城市规划中，给排水系统是非常重要的基础设施，它们起到保障用水安全和环境卫生的关键作用。

在给排水领域，有许多常用的缩写术语，下面将介绍一些常见的缩写以及它们的意义：1. 给水系统（WS）：给水系统是将水从供水源输送到用户的网络。

这个系统包括水源、水处理设备、输水管道和相关的控制和监测设备。

给水系统的目标是提供安全、可靠的饮用水，并满足个人和社会生活的各种需求。

2. 排水系统（DS）：排水系统是将污水和废水从建筑物或城市输送到处理设施或自然环境的网络。

排水系统包括排水管道、检修井、泵站和处理设施。

它的主要任务是有效地收集和处理污水，以确保环境卫生和水资源的可持续利用。

3. 污水处理厂（WWTP）：污水处理厂是对污水进行物理、化学和生物处理的设施。

污水处理厂通过去除悬浮物、有机物和有害物质，以及杀灭病原体，使污水成为可以安全排放或回用的水。

污水处理厂通常由多个处理单元组成，如初级处理、二级处理和三级处理。

4. 污水泵站（PS）：污水泵站是将污水从低处抽送到高处的设施。

它们通常被用于解决自然地势低洼的区域或局部地区的排水问题。

污水泵站由泵、控制系统和相关的管道组成，可以将污水顺利地输送到污水处理厂或其他集中处理设施。

5. 雨水收集系统（RWH）：雨水收集系统是将雨水收集和利用的系统。

它可以收集和储存降雨和径流水，以供饮用水、灌溉和其他非饮用用途。

雨水收集系统通常包括雨水收集面、雨水收集设备和储水设施。

6. 城市排水系统（UDS）：城市排水系统是指城市范围内的给水和排水网络。

它包括给水系统、排水系统和相关设施，如水库、水闸和泵站。

城市排水系统的设计和运营需要考虑城市人口、建筑物密度、降雨情况等因素，以确保城市的可持续发展和居民的生活质量。

7. 管道和构件（P&C）：管道和构件是给排水系统中用于输送和连接管道的设备和部件。

污水处理工艺中常用的名词术语及它们的英文缩写

污水处理工艺中常用的名词术语及它们的英文缩写污水处理工艺中常用的名词术语及它们的英文缩写给排水常用名词中英文对照1、给水工程 water supply engineering 原水的取集和处理以及成品水输配的工程.2、排水工程 sewerage ,wastewater engineering 收集、输送、处理和处置废水的工程.3、给水系统 water supply system 给水的取水、输水、水质处理和配水等设施以一定方式组合成的总体.4、排水系统sewerage system 排水的收集、输送、水质处理和排放等设施以一定方式组合成的总体.5、给水水源 water source 给水工程所取用的原水水体.6、原水raw water 由水源地取来的原料水.7、地表水surface water 存在于地壳表面,暴露于大气的水.8、地下水ground water 存在于地壳岩石裂缝或工壤空隙中的水.9、苦咸水(碱性水) brackish water ,alkaline water 碱度大于硬度的水,并含大量中性盐,PH值大于7.10、淡水fresh water 含盐量小于500mg/L的水.11、冷却水cooling water 用以降低被冷却对象温度的水.12、废水wastewater 居民活动过程中排出的水及径流雨水的总称.它包括生活污水、工业废水和初雨径流以及流入排水管渠的其它水.13、污水sewage ,wastewater 受一定污染的来自生活和生产的排出水.14、用水量 water consumption 用水对象实际使用的水量.15、污水量 wastewater flow ,sewage flow 排水对象排入污水系统的水量.16、用水定额 water flow norm 对不同的排水对象,在一定时期内制订相对合理的单位排水量的数值.17、排水定额 wastewater flow norm 对不同的排水对象,在一定时期内制订相对合理的单位排水量的数值.18、水质water quality 在给水排水工程中,水的物理、化学、生物学等方面的性质.19、渠道 channel ,conduit 天然、人工开凿、整治或砌筑的输水通道.20、泵站pumping house 设置水泵机组、电气设备和管道、闸阀等的房屋.21、泵站 pumping station 泵房及其配套设施的总称.22、给水处理 water treatment 对不符合用不对象水质要求的水.进行水质改善的过程.23、污水处理 sewage treatment ,wastewater treatment 为使污水达到排水某一水体或再次使用的水质要求,对其进行净化的过程.24、废水处理 wastewater disposal 对废水的最终安排.一般将废水排入地表水体、排放土地和再次使用等.25、格栅 bar screen 一种栅条形的隔污设备,用以拦截水中较大尺寸的漂浮物或其他杂物.26、曝气aeration 水与气体接触,进行溶氧或散除水中溶解性气体和挥发性物质的过程.27、沉淀 sedimentation 利用重力沉降作用去除水中杂物的过程.28、澄清clarification 通过与高浓度沉渣层的接触而去除水中杂物的过程.29、过滤filtration 借助粒状材料或多孔介质截除水中质物的过程.30、离子交换法ion exchange 采用离子交换剂去除水中某些盐类离子的过程.31、氯化chlorination 在水中投氯或含氯氧化物方法消灭病原体的过程.32、余氯residual chlorine 水中投氯,经一定时间接触后,在水中余留的游离性氯和结合性氯的总和.33、游离性余氯 free residual chlorine 水中以次氯酸和次氯酸盐形态存在的余氯.34、结合性余氯 combinative residual chlorine 水中以二氯胺和一氯胺形态存在的余氯.35、污泥sludge 在水处理过程中产生的,以及排水管渠中沉积的固体与水的混合物或胶体物.36、污泥处理sludge treatment 对污泥的最终安排.一般将污泥作农肥、制作建筑材料、填埋和投弃等.37、水头损失head loss 水流通过管渠、设备和构筑物等所引起的能量消耗.给水工程中系统和水量方面的术语1、直流水系统 once through system 水经过一次使用后即行排放或处理后排放的给水系统.2、复用水系统 water reuse system 水经重复利用后再行排放或处理后排放的给水系统.3、循环水系统 recirculation system 水经使用后不予排放而循环利用或处理后循环利用的给水系统.4、生活用水 domestic water 人类日常生活所需用的水.5、生产用水 process water 生产过程所需用的水.6、消防用水 fire demand 扑灭火灾所需用的水.7、浇洒道路用水 street flushing demand ,road watering 对城镇道路进行保养、清洗、降温和消尘等所需用水.8、绿化用水 green belt sprinkling ,green plot sprinkling 对市政绿地等所需用的水.给水工程取水构筑物的术语1、管井 deep well ,drilled well 井管从地面打到含水层,抽取地下水的井.2、管井滤水管 deep well screen 设置在管井动水位以下,用以从含水层中集水的有缝隙或孔隙的管段.3、管井沉淀管 grit compartment 位于管井最下部,用以容纳进入井内的沙粒和从水中析出的沉淀物的管段.4、大口井 dug well ,open well 由人工开挖或沉井法施工,设置井筒,以截取浅层地下水的构筑物.5、井群 batter of wells 数个井组成的群体.6、渗渠 infiltration gallery 壁上开孔,以集取浅层地下水的水平管渠.7、地下水取水构筑物反滤层 inverted layer 在大口井或渗渠进水处铺设的粒径沿水流方向由细到粗的级配砾层(简称反滤层)8、泉室 spring chamber 集取泉水的构筑物.9、进水间 intake chamber 连接取水管与吸水井、内设格栅或格网的构筑物.10、格网 screen 一种网状的用以拦截水中较大尺寸的漂浮物、水生动物或其他污染物的拦污设备.其网眼尺寸较格栅为小.11、吸水井 suction well 为水泵吸水管专门设置的构筑物.给水工程中净水构筑物的术语1、净水构筑物purification structure 以去除水中悬浮固体和胶体杂质等为主要目的的构筑物的总称.2、投药 chemical dosing 为进行水处理而向水中加一定剂量的化学药剂的过程.3、混合mixing 使投入的药剂迅速均匀地扩散于被处理水中以创造良好的凝聚反应条件的过程.4、凝聚 coagulation 为了消除胶体颗粒间的排斥力或破坏其亲水性,使颗粒易于相互接触而吸附的过程.5、絮凝flocculation A、完成凝聚的胶体在一定的外力扰动下相互碰撞、聚集以形成较大絮状颗粒的过程.曾用名反应. B、高分子絮凝剂在悬浮固体和胶体杂质之间吸附架桥的过程.6、自然沉淀 plain sedimentation 不加注任何凝聚剂的沉淀过程.7、凝聚沉淀coagulation sedimentation 加注凝聚剂的沉淀过程.8、凝聚剂 coagulant 在凝聚过程中所投加的药剂的统称.9、助凝剂 coagulant aid 在水的沉淀、澄清过程中,为改善絮凝效果,另设加的辅助药剂.10、药剂固定储备量standby reserve 为考虑非正常原因导致药剂供应中断,而在药剂仓库内设置的在一般情况下不准动用的储备量.简称固定储备量.11、药剂周转储备量 current reserve 考虑药剂消耗与供应时间之间差异所需的储备量.简称周转储备量.12、沉沙池(沉砂池)desilting basin ,grit chamber 去除水中自重很大、能自然沉降的较大粒径沙粒或杂粒的水池.13、预沉池pre-sedimentation tank 原水中泥沙颗粒较大或浓度较高时,在进行凝聚沉淀处理前设置的沉淀池.14、平流沉淀池 horizontal flow sedimentation tank 水沿水平方向流动的沉淀池.15、异向流斜管 (或斜板)沉淀池 tube(plate)settler 池内设置斜管(或斜板),水自下而上经斜管(或斜板)进行沉淀,沉泥沿斜管(或斜板)向下滑动的沉淀的池.16、同向流斜板沉淀池lamella 池内设置斜板,沉淀过程在斜板内进行,水流与沉泥均沿斜板向下流动的沉淀池.17、机械搅拌澄清池accelerator 利用机械使水提升和搅拌,促使泥渣循环,并使原水中固体杂质与己形成的泥渣接触絮凝而分离沉淀的水池.18、水力循环澄清池circulator clarifier 利用水力使水提升,促使泥渣循环,并使原水中固体杂质与己形成的泥渣接触絮凝而分离沉淀的水池.19、脉冲澄清池 pulsator 悬浮层不断产生固周期性的压缩和膨胀,促使原水中固体杂质与己形成的泥渣进行接触凝聚页分离沉淀的水池.20、悬浮澄清池 sludge blanket clarifier 加药后的原水由上通过处于悬浮状态的泥渣层,使水中杂质与泥渣悬浮层的颗粒碰撞凝聚而分离沉淀的水池.21、液面负荷 surface load 在沉淀池、澄清池等沉淀构筑物的净化部分中,单位液(水)面积所负担的出水流量.其计量单位通常以m3/(m2.h)表示.22、气浮池 floatation tank 运用絮凝和浮选原理使液体中的杂质分离上浮而去除的池子.23、气浮溶气罐dissolved air vessel 在气浮工艺中,水与空气在有压条件下相互溶合的密闭容器.简称溶气罐.24、清水池 clear-water reservoir 为贮存水厂中净化后的清水,以调节水厂制水量与供水量之间的差额,并为满足加氯接触时间而设置的水池.给水工程中输配水管网的术语1、配水管网 distribution system ,pipe system 将水送到分配管网以至用户的管系.2、环状管网pipe network 配水管网的一种置形式,管道纵横相互接通,形成环状.3、枝状管网branch system 配水管网的一种布置形式,干管和支管分明,形成树枝状.4、水管支墩 buttress ,anchorage 为防止由管内水压引起的水管配件接头移位而造成漏水,需在水管干线适当部位砌筑的墩座.简称支墩.排水工程中排水制度和管渠附属构筑物的术语及其涵义1、排水制度 sewer system 在一个地区内收集和输送废水的方式.它有合流制和分流制两种基本方式.2、合流制 combined system 用同一种管渠分别收集和输送废水的排水的方式.3、分流制 separate system 用不同管渠分别收集和输送各种污水、雨水和生产废水的排水的方式.4、检查井manhole 排水管渠上连接其他管渠以及供养护工人检查、清通和出入管渠的构筑物.5、跌水井 drop manhole 上下游管底跌差较大的检查井.6、事故排出口 emergency outlet 在排水系统发生故障时,把废水临时排放到天然水体或其它地点去的设施.7、曝雨溢流井 (截留井)storm overflow well ,intercepting well 合流制排水系统中,用来截留、控制合流水量的构筑物排水工程中水和水处理的术语及其涵义1、生活污水 domestic sewage ,domestic wastewater 居民中日常生活中排出的废水.2、工业废水 industrial wastewater 生产过程中排出的水.它包括生产废水和生产污水.3、生产污水polluted industrial wastewater 被污染的工业废水.还包括水温过高,排入后造成热污染的工业废水.4、生产废水 non-polluted industrial wastewater 未受污染或受轻微污染以及水温稍有升高的工业废水.5、城市污水 municipal sewage ,municipal wastewater 排入城镇污水系统的污水的统称.在合流制排水系统中,还包括生产废水和截留的雨水.6、旱流污水dry weather flow 合流制排水系统在晴天时输送的污水.7、水体自净 self-purification of water bodies 河流等水体在自然条件的生化作用下,有机物降解,溶解氧回升和水体生物群逐渐恢复正常的过程.8、一级处理 primary treatment 去除污水中的漂浮物和悬浮物的净化过程,主要为沉淀.9、二级处理secondary treatment 污水经一级处理后,用生物处理方法继续除去污水不胶体和溶解性有机物的净化过程.10、生物处理 biological treatment 利用微生物的作用,使污水中不稳定有机物降解和稳定的过程.11、活性污泥法 activated sludge process 污水生物处理的一种方法.该法是在人工充氧条件下,对污水和各微生物群体进行连续混和培养,形成活性污泥.利用活性污泥的生物凝聚、吸附和氧化作用,以分解去除污水中的有机污染物.然后使污泥与水分离,大部分污泥再回流到曝气池,多余部分则排出活性污泥系统.12、生物膜法 biomembrance process 污水生物处理的一种方法.该法采用各种不同载体,通过污水与载体的不断接触,在载体上繁殖生物膜,利用膜的生物吸附和氧化作用,以降解去除污水中的有机污染物,脱落下来的生物膜与水进行分离.13、双层沉淀池(隐化池) Imhoff tank 由上层沉淀槽和下层污泥消化室组成.14、初次沉淀池primary sedimentation tank 污水处理中第一次沉淀的构筑物,主要用以降低污水中的悬浮固体浓度.15、二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation tank 污水生物处理出水的沉淀构筑物,用以分离其中的污泥.16、生物滤池 biological filter ,trickling filter 由碎石或塑料制品填料构成的生物处理构筑物.污水与填料表面上生长的微生物膜间歇接触,使污水得到净化.17、生物接触氧化bio-contact oxidation 由浸没在污水中的填料和人工曝气系统构成的生物处理工艺.在有氧的条件下,污水与填表面的生物膜反复接触,使污水获得净化.18、曝气池aeration tank 利用活性污泥法进行污水生物处理的构筑物.池内提供一定污水停留时间,满足好氧微生物所需的氧量以及污水与活性污泥充分接触的混合条件.排水工程中污泥和污泥处理的术语及其涵义1、原污泥 raw sludge 未经污泥处理的初沉污泥、二沉剩余污或两者的混合污泥.2、初沉污泥 primary sludge 从初次沉淀池排出的沉淀物.3、二沉污泥 secondary sludge 从二次沉淀池排出的沉淀物.4、活性污泥activated sludge 曝气池中繁殖的含有各种好氧微生物群体的絮状体.5、消化污泥digested sludge 经过好氧消化或厌氧消化的污泥,所含有机物质浓度有一定程度的降低,并趋于稳定.6、回流污泥 returned sludge 由于次沉淀池(或沉淀区)分离出来,回流到曝气池的活性污泥.7、剩余污泥 excess activated sludge 活性污泥系统中从二次沉淀池(或沉淀区)排出系统外的活性污泥.8、污泥气 sludge gas 在污泥厌氧消化时,有机物分解所产生的气体.主要成分为甲烷和二氧化碳,并有少量的氢、氮和硫化氢.俗称沼气.9、污泥消化sludge digestion 在有氧或无氧条件下,利用微生物的作用,使污泥中有机物转化为较稳定物质的过程.10、好氧消化aerobic digestion 污泥经过较长时间的曝气,其中一部分有机物由好氧微生物进一步降解和稳定的过程.11、厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion 在无氧条件下,污泥中的有机物由厌氧微生物进行降解和稳定的过程.12、中温消化mesophilic digestion 污泥在温度为33℃－35℃时进行的厌氧消化工艺.13、高温消化thermophilic digestion 污泥在温度为53℃－55℃时进行的厌氧消化工艺.14、污泥浓缩sludge thickening 采用重力或气浮法降低污泥含水量,使污泥稠化的过程.15、污泥淘洗 elutriation of sludge 改善污泥脱水能的一种污泥预处理方法.用清水或废水淘洗污泥,降低水化污泥碱度,节省污泥处理投药量,提高污滤脱水效率.16、污泥脱水 sludge dewatering 对浓缩污泥进一步去除一部分含水量的过程,一般指机械脱水.17、污泥真空过滤 sludge vacuum filtration 利用真空使过滤介质一侧减压,介质的污泥脱水方法.18、污泥压滤 sludge pressure filtration 采用正压过滤,使污泥水强制滤过介质的污泥脱水方法.19、污泥干化 sludge drying 通过渗滤或蒸发等作用,从污泥中去除大部分含水量的过程,一般指采用污泥干化场(床)等自然蒸发设施.20、污泥焚烧sludge incineration 污泥处理的一种工艺.它利用焚烧炉将脱水污泥加温干燥,再用高温氧化污泥中的有机物,使污泥成为少量灰烬.排水工程中物理量的术语及其涵义1、生化需氧量 biochmical oxygen demand 水样在一定条件下,于一定期间内(一般采用5日、20℃)进行需氧化所消耗的溶解氧量.英文简称BOD.2、化学需氧量 chemical oxygen demand 水样中可氧化物从氧化剂重铬酸钾中所吸收的氧量.英文简称COD.3、耗氧量oxygen consumption 水样中氧化物从氧化剂高锰酸钾所吸收的氧量.英文简称OC或CODMn .4、悬浮固体suspended solid 水中呈悬浮状态的固体,一般指用滤纸过滤水样,将滤后截留物在105℃温度中干燥恒重后的固体重量.英文简称SS。

给排水专业英语李康

给排水专业英语李康
给排水专业英语翻译为"Plumbing and Drainage Engineering"。

在给排水专业中，有一些常用的英语词汇和短语，如下所示：
1. Plumbing - 管道安装
2. Drainage - 排水系统
3. Piping - 管道
4. Sewer - 下水道
5. Water supply - 供水系统
6. Water distribution - 配水系统
7. Plumbing fixtures - 卫浴设备
8. Sanitary fittings - 卫生设备
9. Ventilation - 通风系统
10. Pumping station - 泵站
11. Sewage treatment - 污水处理
12. Stormwater management - 雨水管理
13. Plumbing code - 管道安装规范
14. Plumbing design - 管道设计
15. Plumbing installation - 管道安装
16. Plumbing maintenance - 管道维护
17. Plumbing repair - 管道维修
18. Plumbing inspection - 管道检查
19. Water conservation - 节水
20. Backflow prevention - 防止倒流
以上是一些常见的给排水专业英语词汇和短语，希望对你有帮助！。

给排水专业英语汇总

UNIT 1给水工程water supply engineering排水工程sewage engineering市政工程civil engineering市政工程师civil engineer环境工程environmental engineering 水文学hydrology水力学hydranlies水环境natural aquatic environment流域watershed水体waterbody地表水surface water淡水freshwater地下水groundwater含水层aquifer天然含水层natural aquifer地下含水层underground aquifer水文循环natural hydrologic cycle渗滤infiltration降水precipitation渗入precolation蒸发evaporation蒸腾transpiration城市水文循环urban hydrologic cycle水源water source水资源water resource取水water withdrawal水处理water treatment配水water distribution用水water use污水sewage废水wastewater废水收集wastewater collection废水处理wastewater disposal受纳水体receiving waters污染pollution pollute污染物pollutant玷污、污染contamination致污物contaminant未污染uncontaminated水污染water pollution水污染控制water pollution control水污染防治water pollution prevention污水回用wastewater reuseUNIT 2水短缺water scarcity地表水资源surface water resource管网Pipe Network供水系统water supply system市政配水系统municipal distribution system建筑给水系统house water supply system分区供水系统dual distribution system小区micro district小社区small community冷水供水系统cold water supply system热水供水系统hot water supply system消防系统fire protection system喷淋系统fire protection sprinkler system自动水幕系统automatic drencher system半自动水幕系统semi automatic drencher system消火栓hydrant排水系统drainage system生活排水系统sanitary system工业排水系统industrial system雨水排水系统stormwater system合流制combined sewers分流制separate sewers建筑排水系统building drainage system卫生洁具plumbing fixtures卫浴设备bathroom fixtures输水系统water transmission system漏水率leakage rate配水系统water distribution system环状管网grid (looped)system支状管网branching(branched) system下水管道sanitary sewer污水节流管intercepting(中间截取) sewer污水节流系统intercepting sewer system污水节流井sewage intercepting well支管collection (目的：收集)sewer collector sewer生活污水sanitary sewagedomestic sewagedomestic wastewater工业污水industrial wastewater工业污水/液/物industrial wastes农业用水agricultural wastewater/wastes雨水rainwater stormwater水位waterlevel海拔、标高elevation坡度grade倾斜度slope明渠Open channel开挖ex cava tion深度excavation depth水力分析hydraulic analysis水头pressure head总水头total headUnit 3水头损失Head loss速度头动压头Velocity head静压Static head摩擦水头Friction head水力坡度线Hydranlic grade line 重力流Gravity flow水塔Water castle贮水箱Cistern泵站Pump station给水泵站Water pump station 污水泵站Sewage station提升泵站Lift pumping plant增压泵Booster pump离心泵Centrifugal pump潜水泵Submer sible pump潜水艇Submerine深井泵Well pump虹吸虹吸管Siphon人孔Manhole法兰Flange阀门Valve闸阀Gate valve泵送系统Pumping system流量Flow rate流速Fluid velocity层流Laminar flow滞流粘性流viscous flow过渡流Transitional flow湍流Turbulent flow紊流Turbulence flow涡流Eddying flow雷诺数Teynolds number水质Water guality 水源Water sources供水水源Water supples原水Raw water未处理水Untreated water出水Finished water原水水质Raw-water quality水质标准Water quality standards水质要求Water quality requirements饮用水Drink water\potable water自来水Tap water纯水Pure water饮用水标准Drinking water standards饮用水一级标Primary drinking water standards最大允许浓度Maxmum permissible levelsmaxmum allowable levels最大污染物浓度Maxmum contaminant levels主要污染物Primary contaminants有机化合物Organic chemicals合成有机化合物Synthetic organic chemicals挥发性有机化合物Volatile organic ohemicals无机化合物Inorganic chemical微生物Micro organisms\microbes微生物污染Microbial contaminants病原微生物Pathogenic micro organisms病原体Pathogenic病毒Pathogenic bacterin细菌Bacteria大肠杆菌Coliform bacteria病毒Viruses藻类Algae浊度Turbidity放射性Radionuclide感官性状Esthetic qualities审美Esthetic味Taste嗅Odo色Colour变色Discolouration变色Discolor水质物理参数Physical parameters of water quality水的物理性质Physical quality of water浊度值Turbidity values浊度单位Turdidity unit浑浊单位Turdid嗅阈值Threshold odor number化学性质Chemical quality水质化学参数Chemical parameters of water quality溶解氧Dissolved oxygen (DO)溶解氧浓度Do level溶解氧平衡Do balance氧损Oxygen depletion有机污染物Organic pollutant生化需氧量Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)总氮Total nitrogen (TN)总凯式氮Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)悬浮固体Suspended solids (SS)总悬浮固体Total suspended solids (TSS)溶解Dissolved (DS)总溶解Total dissolved (TDS)Unit 4溶解的铁和锰Dissolved iron and manganese硬度Hardness碱度Alkalinity盐度Salinity有害物质Toxic and hazardous materials氰化物Cyanides急性毒性Acute toxity慢性毒性Chronic toxity基因毒性Genetic toxicity基因Gene难降解有机化合物Refractory organic chemicals 永久性有机污染物Persistent organic pollutants 致癌化学性Carcinogenic chemicals三卤甲烷Trihalo methanes卤素Halogen甲基Methyl氯仿Trichloromethane三氯甲烷Chloroform杀虫剂农药Pesticide害虫Pest杀虫剂Insecticide除草剂Herbicide杀菌剂Germicide细菌Germ防腐剂Preservative保证Preserve清洗剂Cleaning agent洗涤剂Detergent发泡剂Foaming agent泡沫Foam化肥Fertilizer肥沃的Fertile富营养化Eutrophication营养的Trophic营养水平Trophic level生态位NicheUnit 5原污水Raw sewage原废水Raw wastes 处理水Treated wastes回用水Redaimed water水处理过程Water processing收集Collect处置Dispose处理方法Treatment method处理费用Treatment costs处理单元Treatment process运行模式Operational mode间歇处理方式Batch treatment approach均匀均化Equalization均匀Equalize调蓄水池Equalization storage调节池Equalization tank蓄水池Storage tank降解Degrade分解Decompose分离Separate隔离Separation物理法Physical process物理处理Physical treatment物理处理过程Physical treatment process一级处理Primary treatment初步处理Preliminary treatment格栅筛滤Screening格栅Screen格栅Bar screen栅条Bars钢栅条Steel bars渣耙Cleaning rakes圆形破碎机Circular grinder破碎Grind除砂Degritting砂Grit沙Sand除砂Grit removal沉砂池Grit chamber沉淀Settling沉淀池Settling tank澄清池Clarifier初澄清池Primary clarifier初沉池Primary settling tank一级出水Primary effluent二级处理Secondary treatment二级处理工艺Secondary treatment process生物处理Biological treatment二澄清池Secondary clarifier二沉池Secondary settling tank最终澄清池Final clarifier最终沉淀池Final settling tank二级出水Secondary effluent三级处理Tertiary treatment深度处理Advanced treatment废水消毒Waste disinfection出流出水Effluent flow允许浓度Allowable levels优异出水High-quality polished effluent废水处理厂Wastewater treatment plant污水处理厂Sewage treatment plant二级处理厂Secondary treatment plant城市污水处理Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程Municipal engineering土木工程Civil engineering城市污水处理厂Municipal wastewater treatment plant污水处理能力Sewage treatment capacity电容Capacitance污水处理设施Municipal treatment facilities 多反应器设施Multi-reactor facility处理池Treatment tank负荷Load负荷Loadings水力负荷Hydrautic loading污染负荷Pollutant load有机负荷Organic load无机负荷Inorganic load不含化肥、农药无机的Unorganic周期性负荷Periodic(intermitlent) loading第五部分：物化处理1．混凝n. coagulation混凝过程coagulation process化学混凝chemical coagulation凝聚n. aggregation絮凝n. flocculationv. flocculate异向絮凝perikinetic flocculation同向絮凝orthokinetic flocculation混凝剂n. coagulant混凝剂投量coagulant dosage烧杯实验jar test最佳混凝剂投量optimum coagulant dosage 助凝剂coagulant aid助凝剂flocculation aid聚电解质n. polyelectrolytes快速混合flash-mix ,rapid-mix快速混合器flash mixer ,rapid mixer混合池mixer tank快速混合池flash-mix tank絮凝器n. flocculator絮凝池flocculation tank固体接触池solids-contact tank澄清n. clarificationv. clarify澄清池n. clarifier高负荷澄清池high rate clarifier澄清水clarifying water2．沉淀n. sedimentation沉降n. sedimentation自由沉降plain settling拥挤沉降hindered settling重力沉降gravity settling沉淀池settling tank沉淀池，沉降池sedimentation tank矩形沉淀池rectangular settling tank圆形沉淀池circular settling tank管式沉淀池tube settler斜管沉淀池steeply inclined tube settler板式沉淀池parallel-plate settler板式沉淀池plate separator气浮n. floatation泡沫分离foam separation溶气气浮dissolved-air floatation气浮池floatation tank表面撇渣装置surface-skimming device撇去v. skim浮渣n. scum浮渣槽scum trough刮泥机sludge scraper排泥sludge drawoffsludge withdrawal预沉淀n. presedimentation预沉淀池presedimentation basin3．过滤n. filtration滤池n. filter慢滤池slow filter快滤池rapid filter高速（负荷）滤池high rate filter砂滤池sand filter慢砂滤池slow sand filter快砂滤池rapid sand filter重力滤池gravity filter压力滤池pressure filter过滤介质，滤料filter medium石英砂silica sand无烟煤n. anthracite硅藻土diatomaceous earth煤—砂滤床coal-sand beds多层滤料multilayered media混合滤料mixed media双层滤料滤池dual media filter双层滤池two-layer filter粗滤料coarse media细滤料fine media助滤剂filter aid滤后水，滤出水filtered water滤后水，滤池出水filter effluent滤前水，滤池进水filter influent浊度穿透turbidity breakthrough过滤周期filter cycle清洗周期cleaning cycle刮砂法scraping method表面刮砂surface scraping反冲洗backwashing水力反冲洗hydraulic backwashing水力反冲洗hydraulic backwash水力分级hydraulic grading4．消毒n. disinfectionv. disinfect消毒剂n. disinfectantdisinfection agent杀菌剂n. germicide消毒过程disinfection process消毒副产物disinfection by-products氯化n. chlorinationv. chlorinate氯化水chlorinated water预氯化n. prechlorination氯化消毒副产物by-products of chlorination 化学消毒剂chemical disinfectants液氯liquid chlorine ,liquefied chlorine氯胺n. chloramines次氯酸盐hypochlorites次氯酸钠sodium hypochlorite二氧化氯chlorine dioxide臭氧n. ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒n. ozonation臭氧化v. ozonate紫外线(UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV)伽马射线gamma radiation灭活n. inactivationv. inactivate接触时间contact time需氯量chlorine demand加氯量，投氯量chlorine dosage ,applied chlorine自由氯，游离氯free chlorine ,free available chlorine化合氯combined chlorine剩余保护residual protection余氯residual chlorine余氯量chlorine residual自由余氯free residual chlorine自由氯余量free chlorine residual化合余氯combined residual chlorine化合氯余量combined chlorine residuals折点氯化（法）breakpoint chlorination折点氯化曲线breakpoint chlorination curve折点加氯量breakpoint dosage氯折点chlorine breakpoint压力钢瓶pressured steel cylinder臭氧发生器ozone generator需臭氧量ozone demand剩余臭氧量ozone residual剩余臭氧residual ozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenic microorganisms病原体n. pathogens致病细菌或病毒pathogenic bacteria or viruses细菌n. bacteria大肠杆菌coliform bacteria阿米巴氏菌amoebic cysts孢子，芽孢n. spores病毒n. viruses藻类n. algae原生动物n. protozoa5．氧化n. oxidation还原n. reduction氧化剂n. oxidant强氧化剂strong oxidizing agent高级氧化法(AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化工艺(AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化过程(AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化技术(AOT)advanced oxidation technology6．吸附n. adsorption活性炭(AC) activated carbon粉末炭(PAC) powdered activated carbon粒状炭(GAC) granular activated carbon颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activated carbon活性炭纤维(ACF) activated carbon fiber再生n. regenerationv. regenerate吸附剂n. adsorbent吸附质n. adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱adsorption column吸附床adsorption bed空床接触时间empty bed contact time吸附带mass transfer zone快速小柱试验rapid small scale column test生物活性炭(BAC) biological activated carbon7．离子交换n. ion exchange离子交换树脂ion exchange resin离子交换器ion exchanger离子交换柱ion exchange column硬度n. hardness除硬hardness removal软化n. softeningv. soften化学软化chemical softening沉淀软化precipitation softening除盐，脱盐n. desaltinationv. desalt去矿化n. demineralizationv. demineralize离子交换软化法ion exchange softening process 离子交换除盐法ion exchange desalting process 复床combined bed混合床mixed bed8．膜分离membrane separation微滤n. microfiltration超滤n. hyperfiltration纳滤n. nanofiltration反渗透reverse osmosis渗透n. osmosis半透膜semipermeable membrane电渗析n. electrodialysis渗析n. dialysis9．其它处理方法中和n. neutralizationv. neutralize酸性废水acidic wastes化学沉淀chemical precipitation沉淀软化precipitation softening 电解n. electrolysis电除盐(EDI) n. electrodeionization吹脱、汽提法n. stripping冷却n. cooling冷却水cooling water冷却塔cooling tower第六部分生物处理生物反应器n. bioreactor微生物n.microorganismsmicrobes微生物种群microbial population混合群落mixed communities细菌n. bacteria原生动物n. protozoa真菌n. fungi轮虫n. rotifers生长n. growth繁殖n. reproduction世代时间generation time生长速率growth rates环境因子environmental factors生态因子ecological factors微生物生长动力学microbial growth kinetics迟滞期lag phase对数生长期exponential-growth phase减速生长期decling growth phase稳定期stationary phase4. 内源呼吸阶段endogenous stage内源生长期endogenous growth phase内源呼吸endogenous respiration底物，基质n. substrate底物（基质）利用substrate utilization生物量n. biomass生物反应biological reaction生物氧化biological oxidation生物降解n. biodegradation生物降解性n. biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a. biodegradable不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable生物处理biological treatment废水生物处理biological wastewater treatment废水生物处理系统biological wastewater treatmentsystem污水生物处理系统biological sewage treatment system生物处理法biological treatment process生物处理装置biological treatment unit串联in series悬浮生长处理法suspended-growth treatment processes生物固体biological solids活性污泥activated sludge附着生长处理法attached-growth treatment processes附着的微生物attached microbes微生物附着生长attached microbial growth生物膜n. biofilm代谢n. metabolismv. metabolize稳定，稳定化n. stabilizationv. stabilize生物代谢biological metabolism微生物代谢microbial metabolism好氧的 a. aerobic好氧菌aerobic bacteria好氧微生物aerobic microorganisms好氧氧化aerobic oxidation厌氧的 a. anaerobic厌氧菌anaerobic bacteria厌氧氧化anaerobic oxidation兼性的 a. facultative兼性菌facultative bacteria好氧环境aerobic environment厌氧环境anaerobic environment营养物n. nutrients无机营养物inorganic nutrients营养物去除nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorus removal 生物硝化biological nitrification硝化菌nitrifying bacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification 生物除磷biological phosphorus removal1．活性污泥法activated sludge process微生物n. microorganisms n. microbes 细菌n. bacteria生物絮体biological floc微生物絮体microbial floc活性污泥activated sludge絮状活性污泥flocculate-bacterial sludge回流活性污泥(RAS) returned activated sludge 回流污泥returned sludge回流污泥recycled sludge剩余污泥excess sludge废活性污泥(WAS) waste activated sludge废污泥waste sludge曝气池aeration tank曝气池aeration basin曝气池aeration chamber完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin活性污泥池activated sludge tank曝气n. aeration混合n. mixing曝气系统aeration system曝气器n. aerator压缩空气compressed air空气压缩机，空压机air compressor鼓风机，风机n. blower循环/切换n. cycling/switchover扩散装置，扩散器n. diffuser空气扩散装置，空气扩散器air diffuser鼓泡空气扩散装置（扩散器）bubble air diffuser微气泡扩散装置（扩散器）fine-bubble diffuser扩散板plate diffuser扩散管tube diffuser扩散罩dome diffuser微气泡扩散曝气fine-bubble diffused aeration微气泡fine-bubble大气泡coarse-bubble静态混合器static mixer机械曝气系统mechanical aeration systems机械曝气mechanical aeration表面曝气surface aeration表面曝气器surface aerator需氧量oxygen demand供气量air supply氧转移效率oxygen tansfer efficiency可沉降固体settleable solids挥发性固体volatile solids非挥发性固体nonvolatile solids挥发性悬浮固体(VSS) volatile suspended solids混合液mixed liquor混合液悬浮固体(MLSS) mixed liquor suspended solids混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS) mixed liquor volatilesuspended solids污泥沉降比(SV) settling velocity污泥容积指数(SVI) sludge volume index比耗氧速率(SOUR) specific oxygen uptake rate污泥龄sludge age曝气池容积aeration tank volume曝气时间aeration period曝气时间aeration time水力停留时间(HRT) hydraulic residence time水力负荷hydraulic loadingBOD负荷BOD loading普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process传统活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process标准活性污泥法standard activated sludge process传统活性污泥厂conventional activated sludge plant阶段曝气活性污泥step aeration activated sludge process分段v. step进水负荷influent load分段进水step loading渐减v. taper渐减曝气tapered aeration接触稳定活性污泥法contact stabilization activated sludge process再曝气n. reaeration曝气—沉淀—再曝气aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧处理法complete aerobic treatment process高负荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate (completely mixed) activated sludge process延时曝气活性污泥法extended aeration activated sludge process延时曝气法extended aeration process延时曝气extended aeration氧化沟oxidation ditch水平转刷horizontal rotor转刷曝气rotor aeration笼型转刷caged rotor吸附—生物降解工艺(AB法)adsorption-biodegradation process序批式活性污泥法(SBR法) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process、序批式活性污泥法(SBR法) sequential batch reactor (SBR) processSBR法SBR process序批式反应器(SBR) sequencing batch reactor (SBR)序批式反应器(SBR) sequential batch reactor初沉primary clarification曝气n. aeration二沉secondary clarification初沉池primary clarifier二沉池secondary clarifier泵送系统pumping system活性污泥法activated sludge process变体n. variantSBR运行周期SBR cycle处理周期process cycle进水阶段fill phase进水阀influent valve反应阶段react phase沉淀阶段settle phase清水，上清液clear water上清液n. supernatant排水阶段draw phase滗水阶段decant phase滗水装置decant mechanism闲置阶段，待机阶段idle phase营养物去除nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal碳源carbon source硝化n. nitrificationv. nitrify硝化菌nitrifying bacteria反硝化n. denitrificationv. denitrify脱氮n. denitrification生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺(A/O法)anoxic-oxic process厌氧—缺氧—好氧法(A2/O法) anaerobic-anoxic-aerobicprocessA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorus removal厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)anaerobic ammonium oxidation生物除磷biological phosphorus removal膜生物反应器(MBR)membrane biological reactor2．生物膜法生物膜n. biofilm生物膜反应器biofilm reactor生物滤池n. biofilter生物过滤n. biofiltration旋转布水器rotary sprinkler填料n. packings塑料管状或蜂窝状填料plastic tubular orhoneycomb-shaped packings滴滤池trickling filter普通生物滤池trickling filter高负荷生物滤池high-rate filter塔式生物滤池tower biofilter曝气生物滤池(BAF) biological aerated filter生物转盘法biodisc process生物转盘rotating biological contactor生物转盘n. biodisc塑料盘片plastic discs轻质盘片lightweight discs水平轴horizontal shaft生物粘液biological slime粘液层slime layer生物流化床biological fluidized bedbiological fluidised bed生物流化床反应器fluidized-bed bioreactor移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)moving-bed biofilm reactor3．厌氧生物处理发酵n. fermentationv. fermentate产酸细菌n. acidogens产甲烷细菌n. methanogens产酸阶段acidogenic phase产甲烷阶段methanogenic phase水解n. hydrolysisv. hydrolysis产酸发酵acidogenic fermentation产氢产乙酸H2-producing acetogenesis产甲烷methanogenesis产酸菌acid formers产甲烷菌methane formers ,methane-forming bacteria有机酸organic acids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs) volatile fatty acids硫酸盐还原sulfate reduction硫酸盐还原菌sulfate-reducing bacteria上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)upflow anaerobic sludge blanket上升流速upflow velocity厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)anaerobic baffled reactor两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stage anaerobic biotreatment两相厌氧生物处理two-phase anaerobic biotreatment产酸相acidogenic phase产甲烷相methanogenic phase消化n. digestionv. digest消化池n. digestor厌氧消化anaerobic digestion污泥消化sludge digestion厌氧消化池anaerobic digestor厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧膨胀床反应器anaerobic expanded-bed reactor厌氧流化床反应器anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor厌氧生物转盘anaerobic rotating biological contactor4．自然生物处理系统自然净化系统natural purification system稳定塘stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘oxidation ponds土地处理系统land treatment systems废水土地处理land treatment of wastewater净化过程purification process自然净化natural purification污水塘sewage lagoon稳定塘stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘oxidation ponds好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond好氧生化反应aerobic biochemical reaction厌氧生化反应anaerobic biochemical reaction厌氧分解anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解decompose anaerobically好氧稳定aerobic stabilization细菌n. bacteria藻类n. algae微型植物microscopic plants出流，出水effluent flow光合作用n. photosynthesis厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气塘aerated pond修饰塘polishing pond熟化塘maturation lagoon深度处理塘advanced treatment pond三级处理塘tertiary treatment pond土地处理工艺（过程）land treatment processes关键因素critical factors土壤类型soil type气候n. climate土地处理系统land treatment systems慢速土地处理系统slow rate land treatment system低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system三级处理水平tertiary treatment level灌溉n. irrigationv. irrigate土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质natural filtration and adsorption properties of soil投配的废水applied wastewater垄—沟表面布水ridge-and-furrow surface spreading喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统sprinkler systems快速渗滤土地处理系统rapid infiltration land treatmentsystem渗滤—渗透土地处理infiltration-percolation land treatment 快速渗滤rapid infiltration快速渗滤法rapid infiltration method过滤作用filtering action吸附作用adsorption action地表漫流土地处理系统overland flow land treatment system地表漫流overland flow径流集水沟runoff collection ditch物理、化学和生物过程physical , chemical , and biological processes湿地n. wetland天然湿地natural wetland人工湿地constructed wetlandman-made wetland第七部分：污泥处理、处置与利用污泥n. sludge生活污水污泥sewage sludge污泥体积，污泥量sludge volume原污泥，生污泥raw sludge新鲜污泥，生污泥fresh sludge消化污泥，熟污泥digested sludge混合污泥mixed sludge污泥处理sludge treatment污泥处置sludge disposal最终处置ultimate disposal填埋n. landfill污泥减量sludge volume reduction污泥稳定化sludge stabilization （污泥）浓缩n. thickening污泥浓缩sludge thickening稳定，稳定化n. stabilizationv. stabilize稳定了的污泥stabilized sludge调理（调节）n. conditioningv. condition脱水n. dewateringv. dewater干化n. drying污泥干化场sludge drying bed污泥干燥heat drying干燥器n. dryer污泥焚烧，污泥焚化n. incineration焚烧炉，焚化炉n. incinerator污泥浓缩sludge thickening物理过程physical process含水过多的污泥watery sludge稀污泥thin sludge处理装置treatment unit浓缩池n. thickener重力浓缩gravity thickening重力浓缩池gravity thickener圆形污水沉淀池circular sewage sedimentation tank刮泥机sludge scraper搅拌作用stirring action底流n. underflow浓缩的底流thickened underflow浓缩污泥thickened sludge出水n. effluent上清液n. supernatant溢流v. overflow堰n. weir气浮浓缩floatation thickening溶气气浮dissolved-air floatation气浮池floatation tank入流污泥influent sludge污泥絮体sludge flocs撇去v. skim漂浮污泥层floating sludge layer污泥消化sludge digestion消化池n. digester消化池装置digester unit消化n. digestionv. digest有机固体organic solids生化分解biochemical decomposition好氧消化aerobic digestion好氧污泥消化aerobic sludge digestion好氧消化过程aerobic digestion process活性污泥池activated sludge tank预制的（成套）活性污泥处理系统prefabricated (package) activated sludge treatment systems预制的接触稳定或prefabricated contact stabilization or延时曝气处理系统extended aeration treatment systemsBOD负荷BOD loading细胞物质cellular mass内源衰亡endogenous decay厌氧消化anaerobic digestion厌氧污泥消化anaerobic sludge digestion 有盖的圆形池covered circular tank消化过程digestion process厌氧消化过程anaerobic digestion process 生化反应biochemical reactions有机酸organic acids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs) volatile fatty acids 甲烷气methane gas末端产物end product指示剂n. indicator污泥消化池气体sludge digester gas污泥沉淀sludge settling污泥储存sludge storage消化污泥digested sludge充分消化的污泥well-digested sludge消化池上清液digester supernatant中温消化mesophilic digestion高温消化thermophilic degestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering混合堆肥co-composting污泥处理总成本overall sludge-handling costs第八部分：废水回用地表水资源surface water resource地下水资源groundwater resource水短缺water scarcity回用n. , v. reuse废水回用wastewater reuse直接回用direct reuse直接废水回用direct wastewater reuse间接回用indirect reuse 间接废水回用indirect wastewater reuse出水处理effluent treatment回用水reclaimed water排放n. , v. discharge保留n. retention循环n. recyclingv. recycle部分处理n. partial treatment最终用途end use城市污水回用municipal wastewater reuse灌溉n. irrigation景观灌溉landscape irrigation地下水回灌groundwater recharge市政回用municipal reuse直接市政回用direct municipal reuse深度处理，高级处理advanced treatment分质供水系统dual-distribution system间接市政回用indirect municipal reuse供水系统，给水系统water supply system取水口n. intake天然同化能力natural assimilative capacity人工回灌artificial recharge深井注射deep-well injection浅表布水shallow surface spreading渗透n. percolation工业回用industrial reuse工艺废水，过程废水process wastewaters工艺补充水，过程补充水plant process makeup water冷却塔水cooling tower water选择性处理optional treatment水费water costs回用的城市污水reclaimed municipal wastewater工业过程industrial processes冷却水cooling water锅炉给水boiler feedwater灌溉回用irrigation reuse废水直接灌溉direct irrigation with wastewater低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system间接灌溉回用indirect reuse for irrigation废水排放wastewater discharge雨水回用storm water reuse可回用水reusable waterPart Ⅸ: 第九部分：投资成本，投资费（用）capital costs建设成本，建设费（用）construction costs运行成本，运行费（用）operating costs能耗成本energy costs运行维护operation and maintenance运行控制operational control控制系统control system仪表/控制系统instrumentation/control system自动控制系统，自控系统automatic control system。

给排水专业英语汇总

U N I T1给水工程 water supply engineering 排水工程 sewage engineering市政工程 civil engineering市政工程师 civil engineer环境工程 environmental engineering 水文学 hydrology水力学 hydranlies水环境 natural aquatic environment 流域 watershed水体 waterbody地表水 surface water淡水 freshwater地下水 groundwater含水层 aquifer天然含水层 natural aquifer 地下含水层 underground aquifer水文循环 natural hydrologic cycle渗滤 infiltration降水 precipitation渗入 precolation蒸发 evaporation蒸腾 transpiration城市水文循环 urban hydrologic cycle水源 water source水资源 water resource取水 water withdrawal水处理 water treatment配水 water distribution用水 water use污水 sewage废水 wastewater废水收集 wastewater collection废水处理 wastewater disposal受纳水体 receiving waters污染 pollution pollute污染物 pollutant玷污、污染 contamination致污物 contaminant未污染 uncontaminated水污染 water pollution水污染控制 water pollution control水污染防治 water pollution prevention污水回用 wastewater reuseUNIT 2水短缺 water scarcity地表水资源 surface water resource管网 Pipe Network供水系统 water supply system市政配水系统 municipal distribution system建筑给水系统house water supply system 分区供水系统 dual distribution system 小区 micro district小社区 small community冷水供水系统 cold water supply system 热水供水系统 hot water supply system 消防系统 fire protection system喷淋系统fire protection sprinkler system自动水幕系统 automatic drencher system 半自动水幕系统semi automatic drencher system 消火栓 hydrant 排水系统 drainage system生活排水系统 sanitary system工业排水系统 industrial system雨水排水系统 stormwater system合流制 combined sewers分流制 separate sewers建筑排水系统 building drainage system卫生洁具 plumbing fixtures卫浴设备 bathroom fixtures输水系统 water transmission system漏水率 leakage rate配水系统 water distribution system环状管网 grid (looped)system支状管网 branching(branched) system下水管道 sanitary sewer污水节流管 intercepting(中间截取)sewer污水节流系统intercepting sewersystem污水节流井 sewage intercepting well支管 collection (目的：收集)sewercollector sewer生活污水 sanitary sewagedomestic sewagedomestic wastewater工业污水 industrial wastewater工业污水/液/物 industrial wastes农业用水agriculturalwastewater/wastes雨水 rainwater stormwater水位 waterlevel海拔、标高 elevation坡度 grade倾斜度 slope明渠 Open channel开挖 ex cava tion深度 excavation depth水力分析 hydraulic analysis水头 pressure head总水头 total headUnit 3水头损失 Head loss速度头动压头 Velocity head静压 Static head摩擦水头 Friction head水力坡度线 Hydranlic grade line 重力流 Gravity flow水塔 Water castle 贮水箱 Cistern泵站 Pump station给水泵站 Water pump station污水泵站 Sewage station提升泵站 Lift pumping plant增压泵 Booster pump离心泵 Centrifugal pump潜水泵 Submer sible pump潜水艇 Submerine深井泵 Well pump虹吸虹吸管 Siphon人孔 Manhole法兰 Flange阀门 Valve闸阀 Gate valve泵送系统 Pumping system流量 Flow rate流速 Fluid velocity层流 Laminar flow滞流粘性流 viscous flow过渡流 Transitional flow湍流 Turbulent flow紊流 Turbulence flow涡流 Eddying flow雷诺数 Teynolds number水质 Water guality水源 Water sources供水水源 Water supples原水 Raw water未处理水 Untreated water出水 Finished water原水水质 Raw-water quality水质标准 Water quality standards水质要求 Water quality requirements饮用水 Drink water\potable water自来水 Tap water纯水 Pure water饮用水标准 Drinking water standards饮用水一级标Primary drinking water standards最大允许浓度 Maxmum permissible levelsmaxmum allowable levels最大污染物浓度Maxmum contaminant levels主要污染物 Primary contaminants有机化合物 Organic chemicals合成有机化合物Synthetic organic chemicals 挥发性有机化合物Volatile organicohemicals无机化合物 Inorganic chemical微生物 Micro organisms\microbes微生物污染 Microbial contaminants病原微生物 Pathogenic micro organisms病原体 Pathogenic病毒 Pathogenic bacterin细菌 Bacteria大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria病毒 Viruses藻类 Algae浊度 Turbidity放射性 Radionuclide感官性状 Esthetic qualities审美 Esthetic味 Taste嗅 Odo色 Colour变色 Discolouration变色 Discolor水质物理参数 Physical parameters of waterquality水的物理性质 Physical quality of water浊度值 Turbidity values浊度单位 Turdidity unit浑浊单位 Turdid嗅阈值 Threshold odor number化学性质 Chemical quality水质化学参数Chemical parameters of waterquality溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen (DO)溶解氧浓度 Do level 溶解氧平衡 Do balance 氧损 Oxygen depletion 有机污染物 Organic pollutant生化需氧量 Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)总氮 Total nitrogen (TN)总凯式氮 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)悬浮固体 Suspended solids (SS)总悬浮固体 Total suspended solids (TSS) 溶解 Dissolved (DS)总溶解 Total dissolved (TDS)Unit 4溶解的铁和锰 Dissolved iron and manganese硬度 Hardness 碱度 Alkalinity 盐度 Salinity有害物质 Toxic and hazardous materials 氰化物 Cyanides 急性毒性 Acute toxity 慢性毒性 Chronic toxity基因毒性 Genetic toxicity 基因 Gene难降解有机化合物 Refractory organic chemicals 永久性有机污染物 Persistent organic pollutants致癌化学性 Carcinogenic chemicals三卤甲烷 Trihalo methanes 卤素 Halogen甲基 Methyl氯仿 Trichloromethane 三氯甲烷 Chloroform杀虫剂农药 Pesticide害虫 Pest杀虫剂 Insecticide 除草剂 Herbicide 杀菌剂 Germicide 细菌 Germ防腐剂 Preservative保证 Preserve清洗剂 Cleaning agent 洗涤剂 Detergent 发泡剂 Foaming agent 泡沫 Foam 化肥 Fertilizer肥沃的 Fertile富营养化 Eutrophication营养的 Trophic营养水平 Trophic level生态位 NicheUnit 5原污水 Raw sewage原废水 Raw wastes处理水 Treated wastes回用水 Redaimed water水处理过程 Water processing 收集 Collect处置 Dispose处理方法 Treatment method 处理费用 Treatment costs处理单元 Treatment process 运行模式 Operational mode间歇处理方式 Batch treatment approach均匀均化 Equalization均匀 Equalize调蓄水池 Equalization storage调节池 Equalization tank蓄水池 Storage tank降解 Degrade分解 Decompose分离 Separate隔离 Separation物理法 Physical process物理处理 Physical treatment物理处理过程 Physical treatment process一级处理 Primary treatment初步处理 Preliminary treatment格栅筛滤 Screening格栅 Screen格栅 Bar screen栅条 Bars钢栅条 Steel bars渣耙 Cleaning rakes圆形破碎机 Circular grinder破碎 Grind除砂 Degritting砂 Grit沙 Sand除砂 Grit removal沉砂池 Grit chamber沉淀 Settling沉淀池 Settling tank澄清池 Clarifier初澄清池 Primary clarifier初沉池 Primary settling tank一级出水 Primary effluent二级处理 Secondary treatment二级处理工艺Secondary treatment process生物处理 Biological treatment二澄清池 Secondary clarifier二沉池 Secondary settling tank最终澄清池 Final clarifier最终沉淀池 Final settling tank二级出水 Secondary effluent三级处理 Tertiary treatment深度处理 Advanced treatment废水消毒 Waste disinfection出流出水 Effluent flow 允许浓度 Allowable levels优异出水 High-quality polished effluent废水处理厂 Wastewater treatment plant污水处理厂 Sewage treatment plant二级处理厂 Secondary treatment plant城市污水处理Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程 Municipal engineering土木工程 Civil engineering城市污水处理厂Municipal wastewater treatmentplant污水处理能力 Sewage treatment capacity电容 Capacitance污水处理设施Municipal treatmentfacilities多反应器设施 Multi-reactor facility处理池 Treatment tank负荷 Load负荷 Loadings水力负荷 Hydrautic loading污染负荷 Pollutant load有机负荷 Organic load无机负荷 Inorganic load不含化肥、农药无机的 Unorganic周期性负荷Periodic(intermitlent)loading第五部分：物化处理1．混凝 n. coagulation混凝过程 coagulation process化学混凝 chemical coagulation凝聚 n. aggregation絮凝 n. flocculationv. flocculate异向絮凝 perikinetic flocculation同向絮凝 orthokinetic flocculation 混凝剂 n. coagulant混凝剂投量 coagulant dosage烧杯实验 jar test最佳混凝剂投量optimum coagulant dosage助凝剂 coagulant aid助凝剂 flocculation aid聚电解质 n. polyelectrolytes快速混合 flash-mix ,rapid-mix快速混合器 flash mixer ,rapid mixer混合池 mixer tank快速混合池 flash-mix tank絮凝器 n. flocculator絮凝池 flocculation tank固体接触池 solids-contact tank澄清 n. clarificationv. clarify澄清池 n. clarifier高负荷澄清池 high rate clarifier澄清水 clarifying water2．沉淀 n. sedimentation沉降 n. sedimentation自由沉降 plain settling拥挤沉降 hindered settling重力沉降 gravity settling沉淀池 settling tank沉淀池，沉降池 sedimentation tank矩形沉淀池 rectangular settling tank圆形沉淀池 circular settling tank管式沉淀池 tube settler斜管沉淀池steeply inclined tubesettler板式沉淀池 parallel-plate settler板式沉淀池 plate separator气浮 n. floatation泡沫分离 foam separation溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation气浮池 floatation tank表面撇渣装置 surface-skimming device撇去 v. skim浮渣 n. scum浮渣槽 scum trough刮泥机 sludge scraper排泥 sludge drawoffsludge withdrawal预沉淀 n. presedimentation预沉淀池 presedimentation basin 3．过滤 n. filtration滤池 n. filter慢滤池 slow filter快滤池 rapid filter高速（负荷）滤池 high rate filter 砂滤池 sand filter慢砂滤池 slow sand filter快砂滤池 rapid sand filter重力滤池 gravity filter压力滤池 pressure filter过滤介质，滤料 filter medium 石英砂 silica sand无烟煤 n. anthracite硅藻土 diatomaceous earth煤—砂滤床 coal-sand beds多层滤料 multilayered media混合滤料 mixed media双层滤料滤池 dual media filter双层滤池 two-layer filter粗滤料 coarse media细滤料 fine media助滤剂 filter aid滤后水，滤出水 filtered water滤后水，滤池出水 filter effluent滤前水，滤池进水 filter influent浊度穿透 turbidity breakthrough过滤周期 filter cycle清洗周期 cleaning cycle刮砂法 scraping method表面刮砂 surface scraping反冲洗 backwashing水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwashing水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwash水力分级 hydraulic grading4．消毒 n. disinfectionv. disinfect消毒剂 n. disinfectantdisinfection agent杀菌剂 n. germicide消毒过程 disinfection process消毒副产物 disinfection by-products氯化 n. chlorinationv. chlorinate氯化水 chlorinated water预氯化 n. prechlorination氯化消毒副产物by-products of chlorination化学消毒剂 chemical disinfectants液氯 liquid chlorine ,liquefied chlorine氯胺 n. chloramines次氯酸盐 hypochlorites次氯酸钠 sodium hypochlorite二氧化氯 chlorine dioxide臭氧 n. ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒 n. ozonation臭氧化 v. ozonate紫外线(UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV)伽马射线 gamma radiation灭活 n. inactivationv. inactivate接触时间 contact time需氯量 chlorine demand加氯量，投氯量 chlorine dosage ,applied chlorine自由氯，游离氯 free chlorine ,free available chlorine化合氯 combined chlorine剩余保护 residual protection余氯 residual chlorine余氯量 chlorine residual自由余氯 free residual chlorine自由氯余量 free chlorine residual化合余氯 combined residual chlorine化合氯余量combined chlorineresiduals折点氯化（法） breakpoint chlorination折点氯化曲线 breakpoint chlorinationcurve折点加氯量 breakpoint dosage氯折点 chlorine breakpoint压力钢瓶 pressured steel cylinder臭氧发生器 ozone generator需臭氧量 ozone demand剩余臭氧量 ozone residual剩余臭氧 residual ozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenic microorganisms病原体 n. pathogens致病细菌或病毒 pathogenic bacteriaor viruses细菌 n. bacteria大肠杆菌 coliform bacteria阿米巴氏菌 amoebic cysts孢子，芽孢 n. spores病毒 n. viruses藻类 n. algae原生动物 n. protozoa5．氧化 n. oxidation还原 n. reduction氧化剂 n. oxidant强氧化剂 strong oxidizing agent高级氧化法 (AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化工艺 (AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化过程 (AOP) advanced oxidationprocess高级氧化技术 (AOT)advanced oxidation technology6．吸附 n. adsorption活性炭 (AC) activated carbon粉末炭 (PAC) powdered activated carbon粒状炭(GAC) granular activatedcarbon颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activatedcarbon活性炭纤维(ACF) activated carbonfiber再生 n. regenerationv. regenerate吸附剂 n. adsorbent吸附质 n. adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱 adsorption column吸附床 adsorption bed空床接触时间 empty bed contact time吸附带 mass transfer zone快速小柱试验 rapid small scale columntest生物活性炭 (BAC) biological activatedcarbon7．离子交换 n. ion exchange离子交换树脂 ion exchange resin离子交换器 ion exchanger离子交换柱 ion exchange column硬度 n. hardness除硬 hardness removal软化 n. softeningv. soften化学软化 chemical softening沉淀软化 precipitation softening除盐，脱盐 n. desaltinationv. desalt去矿化 n. demineralizationv. demineralize离子交换软化法ion exchange softening process离子交换除盐法 ion exchange desalting process复床 combined bed混合床 mixed bed8．膜分离 membrane separation微滤 n. microfiltration超滤 n. hyperfiltration纳滤 n. nanofiltration反渗透 reverse osmosis渗透 n. osmosis半透膜 semipermeable membrane电渗析 n. electrodialysis渗析 n. dialysis9．其它处理方法中和 n. neutralizationv. neutralize酸性废水 acidic wastes化学沉淀 chemical precipitation沉淀软化 precipitation softening电解 n. electrolysis电除盐(EDI) n.electrodeionization吹脱、汽提法 n. stripping冷却 n. cooling冷却水 cooling water冷却塔 cooling tower第六部分生物处理生物反应器 n. bioreactor微生物 n.microorganismsn.microbes微生物种群 microbial population混合群落 mixed communities细菌 n. bacteria原生动物 n. protozoa真菌 n. fungi轮虫 n. rotifers生长 n. growth繁殖 n. reproduction世代时间 generation time生长速率 growth rates环境因子 environmental factors生态因子 ecological factors微生物生长动力学microbial growth kinetics1.迟滞期 lag phase2.对数生长期 exponential-growth phase3.减速生长期 decling growth phase稳定期 stationary phase4. 内源呼吸阶段 endogenous stage内源生长期 endogenous growth phase内源呼吸 endogenous respiration底物，基质 n. substrate底物（基质）利用 substrate utilization 生物量 n. biomass生物反应 biological reaction生物氧化 biological oxidation生物降解 n. biodegradation生物降解性 n. biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a.biodegradable不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable生物处理 biological treatment废水生物处理 biological wastewatertreatment废水生物处理系统biologicalwastewater treatment system污水生物处理系统 biological sewagetreatment system生物处理法biological treatmentprocess生物处理装置 biological treatmentunit串联 in series悬浮生长处理法suspended-growthtreatment processes生物固体 biological solids活性污泥 activated sludge附着生长处理法attached-growthtreatment processes附着的微生物 attached microbes微生物附着生长attached microbialgrowth生物膜 n. biofilm代谢 n. metabolismv. metabolize稳定，稳定化 n. stabilizationv. stabilize生物代谢 biological metabolism微生物代谢 microbial metabolism 好氧的 a. aerobic好氧菌 aerobic bacteria好氧微生物 aerobic microorganisms 好氧氧化 aerobic oxidation厌氧的 a. anaerobic厌氧菌 anaerobic bacteria厌氧氧化 anaerobic oxidation兼性的 a. facultative兼性菌 facultative bacteria好氧环境 aerobic environment 厌氧环境 anaerobic environment 营养物 n. nutrients无机营养物 inorganic nutrients营养物去除 nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrientremoval脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorusremoval生物硝化 biological nitrification硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮biologicaldenitrification生物除磷biological phosphorusremoval1．活性污泥法 activated sludge process微生物n. microorganisms n.microbes细菌 n. bacteria生物絮体 biological floc微生物絮体 microbial floc活性污泥 activated sludge絮状活性污泥flocculate-bacterialsludge回流活性污泥 (RAS) returned activatedsludge回流污泥 returned sludge回流污泥 recycled sludge剩余污泥 excess sludge废活性污泥(WAS) waste activatedsludge废污泥 waste sludge曝气池 aeration tank曝气池 aeration basin曝气池 aeration chamber完全混合曝气池completely mixedaeration basin活性污泥池 activated sludge tank曝气 n. aeration混合 n. mixing曝气系统 aeration system曝气器 n. aerator压缩空气 compressed air空气压缩机，空压机 air compressor鼓风机，风机 n. blower循环/切换 n. cycling/switchover扩散装置，扩散器 n. diffuser空气扩散装置，空气扩散器 air diffuser 鼓泡空气扩散装置（扩散器） bubble air diffuser微气泡扩散装置（扩散器） fine-bubble diffuser扩散板 plate diffuser扩散管 tube diffuser扩散罩 dome diffuser微气泡扩散曝气 fine-bubble diffusedaeration微气泡 fine-bubble大气泡 coarse-bubble静态混合器 static mixer机械曝气系统mechanical aerationsystems机械曝气 mechanical aeration表面曝气 surface aeration表面曝气器 surface aerator需氧量 oxygen demand供气量 air supply氧转移效率 oxygen tansfer efficiency可沉降固体 settleable solids挥发性固体 volatile solids非挥发性固体 nonvolatile solids挥发性悬浮固体(VSS) volatilesuspended solids混合液 mixed liquor混合液悬浮固体 (MLSS) mixed liquorsuspended solids混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS) mixedliquor volatile suspended solids污泥沉降比 (SV) settling velocity污泥容积指数(SVI) sludge volumeindex比耗氧速率(SOUR) specific oxygenuptake rate污泥龄 sludge age曝气池容积 aeration tank volume曝气时间 aeration period曝气时间 aeration time水力停留时间 (HRT) hydraulic residence time水力负荷 hydraulic loadingBOD负荷 BOD loading普通活性污泥法 conventional activated sludge process传统活性污泥法 conventional activated sludge process标准活性污泥法standard activated sludge process传统活性污泥厂 conventional activated sludge plant阶段曝气活性污泥step aeration activated sludge process分段 v. step进水负荷 influent load分段进水 step loading渐减 v. taper渐减曝气 tapered aeration接触稳定活性污泥法contact stabilization activated sludgeprocess再曝气 n. reaeration曝气—沉淀—再曝气aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧处理法complete aerobic treatment process高负荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate (completely mixed) activatedsludge process延时曝气活性污泥法extended aeration activated sludgeprocess延时曝气法 extended aeration process延时曝气 extended aeration氧化沟 oxidation ditch水平转刷 horizontal rotor转刷曝气 rotor aeration笼型转刷 caged rotor吸附—生物降解工艺 (AB法)adsorption-biodegradation process序批式活性污泥法 (SBR法) sequencingbatch reactor (SBR) process、序批式活性污泥法 (SBR法) sequentialbatch reactor (SBR) processSBR法 SBR process序批式反应器 (SBR) sequencing batch reactor (SBR)序批式反应器(SBR) sequential batch reactor初沉 primary clarification曝气 n. aeration二沉 secondary clarification初沉池 primary clarifier二沉池 secondary clarifier泵送系统 pumping system活性污泥法 activated sludge process变体 n. variantSBR运行周期 SBR cycle处理周期 process cycle进水阶段 fill phase进水阀 influent valve反应阶段 react phase沉淀阶段 settle phase清水，上清液 clear water上清液 n. supernatant排水阶段 draw phase滗水阶段 decant phase滗水装置 decant mechanism闲置阶段，待机阶段 idle phase营养物去除 nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrientremoval碳源 carbon source硝化 n. nitrificationv. nitrify硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria反硝化 n. denitrificationv. denitrify脱氮 n. denitrification生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺 (A/O法)anoxic-oxic process厌氧—缺氧—好氧法(A2/O法)anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic processA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺anaerobic-anoxic-aerobicprocess脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorusremoval厌氧氨氧化 (ANAMMOX)anaerobic ammoniumoxidation生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal 膜生物反应器 (MBR)membrane biological reactor 2．生物膜法生物膜 n. biofilm生物膜反应器 biofilm reactor生物滤池 n. biofilter生物过滤 n. biofiltration旋转布水器 rotary sprinkler填料 n. packings塑料管状或蜂窝状填料 plastic tubular or honeycomb-shaped packings滴滤池 trickling filter普通生物滤池 trickling filter高负荷生物滤池 high-rate filter塔式生物滤池 tower biofilter曝气生物滤池 (BAF) biological aeratedfilter生物转盘法 biodisc process生物转盘rotating biologicalcontactor生物转盘 n. biodisc塑料盘片 plastic discs轻质盘片 lightweight discs水平轴 horizontal shaft生物粘液 biological slime粘液层 slime layer生物流化床 biological fluidized bedbiological fluidised bed生物流化床反应器fluidized-bedbioreactor移动床生物膜反应器 (MBBR)moving-bed biofilm reactor3．厌氧生物处理发酵 n. fermentationv. fermentate产酸细菌 n. acidogens产甲烷细菌 n. methanogens产酸阶段 acidogenic phase产甲烷阶段 methanogenic phase水解 n. hydrolysisv. hydrolysis产酸发酵 acidogenic fermentation产氢产乙酸 H2-producing acetogenesis产甲烷 methanogenesis产酸菌 acid formers产甲烷菌 methane formers ,methane-forming bacteria有机酸 organic acids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs) volatile fatty acids硫酸盐还原 sulfate reduction硫酸盐还原菌sulfate-reducing bacteria上流式厌氧污泥床 (UASB)upflow anaerobic sludge blanket上升流速 upflow velocity厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR)anaerobic baffled reactor两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stage anaerobic biotreatment两相厌氧生物处理 two-phase anaerobic biotreatment产酸相 acidogenic phase产甲烷相 methanogenic phase消化 n. digestionv. digest消化池 n. digestor厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion污泥消化 sludge digestion厌氧消化池 anaerobic digestor厌氧接触法 anaerobic contact process厌氧膨胀床反应器anaerobic expanded-bed reactor厌氧流化床反应器anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor厌氧生物转盘anaerobic rotating biologicalcontactor4．自然生物处理系统自然净化系统natural purificationsystem稳定塘 stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds土地处理系统 land treatment systems废水土地处理land treatment ofwastewater净化过程 purification process自然净化 natural purification污水塘 sewage lagoon稳定塘 stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds好氧塘 aerobic pond兼性塘 facultative pond好氧生化反应aerobic biochemical reaction厌氧生化反应 anaerobic biochemical reaction厌氧分解 anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解 decompose anaerobically好氧稳定 aerobic stabilization细菌 n. bacteria藻类 n. algae微型植物 microscopic plants出流，出水 effluent flow光合作用 n. photosynthesis厌氧塘 anaerobic pond曝气塘 aerated pond修饰塘 polishing pond熟化塘 maturation lagoon深度处理塘 advanced treatment pond三级处理塘 tertiary treatment pond土地处理工艺（过程） land treatmentprocesses关键因素 critical factors土壤类型 soil type气候 n. climate土地处理系统 land treatment systems慢速土地处理系统slow rate land treatmentsystem低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system三级处理水平tertiary treatmentlevel灌溉 n. irrigationv. irrigate土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质natural filtration and adsorptionproperties of soil投配的废水 applied wastewater垄—沟表面布水ridge-and-furrow surfacespreading喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统 sprinklersystems快速渗滤土地处理系统rapidinfiltration land treatment system渗滤—渗透土地处理infiltration-percolation land treatment快速渗滤 rapid infiltration快速渗滤法 rapid infiltration method过滤作用 filtering action吸附作用 adsorption action地表漫流土地处理系统overland flow land treatment system 地表漫流 overland flow径流集水沟 runoff collection ditch物理、化学和生物过程physical , chemical , and biological processes湿地 n. wetland天然湿地 natural wetland人工湿地 constructed wetlandman-made wetland第七部分：污泥处理、处置与利用污泥 n. sludge生活污水污泥 sewage sludge污泥体积，污泥量 sludge volume原污泥，生污泥 raw sludge新鲜污泥，生污泥 fresh sludge消化污泥，熟污泥 digested sludge混合污泥 mixed sludge污泥处理 sludge treatment污泥处置 sludge disposal最终处置 ultimate disposal填埋 n. landfill污泥减量 sludge volume reduction污泥稳定化 sludge stabilization（污泥）浓缩 n. thickening污泥浓缩 sludge thickening稳定，稳定化 n. stabilizationv. stabilize稳定了的污泥 stabilized sludge调理（调节） n. conditioningv. condition脱水 n. dewateringv. dewater干化 n. drying污泥干化场 sludge drying bed污泥干燥 heat drying干燥器 n. dryer污泥焚烧，污泥焚化 n. incineration焚烧炉，焚化炉 n. incinerator污泥浓缩 sludge thickening物理过程 physical process含水过多的污泥 watery sludge稀污泥 thin sludge处理装置 treatment unit浓缩池 n. thickener重力浓缩 gravity thickening重力浓缩池 gravity thickener圆形污水沉淀池circular sewage sedimentation tank刮泥机 sludge scraper搅拌作用 stirring action底流 n. underflow浓缩的底流 thickened underflow浓缩污泥 thickened sludge出水 n. effluent上清液 n. supernatant溢流 v. overflow堰 n. weir气浮浓缩 floatation thickening溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation气浮池 floatation tank入流污泥 influent sludge污泥絮体 sludge flocs撇去 v. skim漂浮污泥层 floating sludge layer污泥消化 sludge digestion消化池 n. digester消化池装置 digester unit消化 n. digestionv. digest有机固体 organic solids生化分解 biochemical decomposition好氧消化 aerobic digestion好氧污泥消化aerobic sludgedigestion好氧消化过程aerobic digestionprocess活性污泥池 activated sludge tank预制的（成套）活性污泥处理系统prefabricated (package) activatedsludge treatment systems预制的接触稳定或prefabricated contactstabilization or延时曝气处理系统extended aeration treatmentsystemsBOD负荷 BOD loading细胞物质 cellular mass内源衰亡 endogenous decay厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion厌氧污泥消化anaerobic sludgedigestion有盖的圆形池 covered circular tank消化过程 digestion process厌氧消化过程anaerobic digestion process生化反应 biochemical reactions有机酸 organic acids挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids甲烷气 methane gas末端产物 end product指示剂 n. indicator污泥消化池气体 sludge digester gas污泥沉淀 sludge settling污泥储存 sludge storage消化污泥 digested sludge充分消化的污泥 well-digested sludge消化池上清液 digester supernatant中温消化 mesophilic digestion高温消化 thermophilic degestion污泥脱水 sludge dewatering混合堆肥 co-composting污泥处理总成本overallsludge-handling costs第八部分：废水回用地表水资源 surface water resource地下水资源 groundwater resource水短缺 water scarcity回用 n. , v. reuse废水回用 wastewater reuse直接回用 direct reuse直接废水回用direct wastewaterreuse间接回用 indirect reuse间接废水回用indirect wastewaterreuse出水处理 effluent treatment回用水 reclaimed water排放 n. , v. discharge保留 n. retention循环 n. recyclingv. recycle部分处理 n. partial treatment最终用途 end use城市污水回用 municipal wastewaterreuse灌溉 n. irrigation景观灌溉 landscape irrigation地下水回灌 groundwater recharge市政回用 municipal reuse直接市政回用 direct municipal reuse深度处理，高级处理 advanced treatment 分质供水系统dual-distribution system间接市政回用indirect municipal reuse供水系统，给水系统water supply system取水口 n. intake天然同化能力natural assimilative capacity人工回灌 artificial recharge深井注射 deep-well injection浅表布水 shallow surface spreading渗透 n. percolation工业回用 industrial reuse工艺废水，过程废水processwastewaters工艺补充水，过程补充水 plant processmakeup water冷却塔水 cooling tower water选择性处理 optional treatment水费 water costs回用的城市污水reclaimed municipal wastewater工业过程 industrial processes冷却水 cooling water锅炉给水 boiler feedwater灌溉回用 irrigation reuse废水直接灌溉direct irrigation withwastewater低负荷土地处理系统low-rate landtreatment system间接灌溉回用indirect reuse forirrigation废水排放 wastewater discharge雨水回用 storm water reuse可回用水 reusable waterPart Ⅸ: 第九部分：投资成本，投资费（用） capital costs建设成本，建设费（用） constructioncosts运行成本，运行费（用） operating costs能耗成本 energy costs运行维护 operation and maintenance运行控制 operational control控制系统 control system仪表/控制系统instrumentation/control system 自动控制系统，自控系统automatic control system。

建筑及给排水中英文缩写对照

建筑及给排水中英文缩写对照1.连接方式P 管子 PipeEL 弯头 Elbow;ELL 长半径弯头 Long radius elbowELS 短半径弯头 Short radius elbowMEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰） Mitre elbowREL 异径弯头 Reducing elbowT 三通 TeeLT 斜三通 Lateral teeRT 异径三通 Reducing teeR 异径管接头 Reducer3CR 同心异径管接头 Concentric reducerER 偏心异径管接头 Eccentric reducerCPL 管箍 CouplingFCPL 双头管箍 Full couplingHCPL 单头管箍 Half couplingRCPL 异径管箍 Reducing couplingBU 内外螺纹接头 BushingUN 活接头 UnionHC 软管接头 Hose couplerSE 翻边短节 Stub endNIP 短节 Pipe nipple or straight nipple SNIP 异径短节 Swaged nippleCP 管帽（封头） CapPL 管堵（丝堵） PlugBLK 盲板 BlankSB 8字盲板 Spectacle blind （blank） RP 补强板 Reinforcing pad2.法兰PLG 法兰 FlangeWNF 对焊法兰 Welding neck flangeSOF 平焊法兰 Slip-on flangeSWF 承插焊法兰 Socket-welding flangeT 螺纹法兰 Threaded flangeLJ 松套法兰 Lapped joint flangeREDF 异径法兰 Reducing flangeBF 法兰盖（日法兰） Blind flangeFSF 法兰密封面 Flange scaling faceFF 全平面 Flat faceRF 凸台面 Raised faceMFF 凹凸面 Male and female faceLF 凹面 Female faceLM 凸面 Male faceRJ 环连接面 Ring joint faceTG 榫槽面 T ongue and groove faceTF 榫面 T ongue faceGF 槽面 Groove face3.垫片G 垫片 GasketNMG 非金属垫片 Non-metallic gasketAG 石棉垫片 Asbestos gasket RG 橡胶垫片 Rubber gasketTEG 聚四氟乙烯包复垫片 PTFE envelope gasket8 SMG 半金属垫片 Semimetallic gasket,MJG 金属包垫片 Meta-jacket gasketSWG 缠绕式垫片 Spiral wound gasketMG 金属垫片 Metallic gasket.FMG 金属平垫片Flat metallic gasket; SMSG 齿形金属垫片Solid metal serrated gasket LER 透镜式金属环垫 Lens ring gasketOCR 八角形金属环垫 Octagonal ring gasket OVR 椭圆形金属环垫 Oval ring gasketIR/OR 内外定位环 Inner ring and outer ring IR 内定位环 Inner ringOR 外定位环 Outer ring4.紧固件B 螺栓 BoltSB 螺柱 Stud boltNU 螺母 NutTB 花蓝螺母 TurnbuckleWSR 垫圈 WasherSWSR 弹簧垫圈 Spring washer5.阀门GV 闸阀 Gate valveGLV 截止阀 Globe valveCHV 止回阀 Check valveBUV 蝶阀 Butterfly valveBAV 球阀 Ball valvePV 旋塞阀 Plug valve （cock）CV 调节阀 Control valveSV 安全阀 Safety valveRV 减压阀 Pressure reducing valve ST 蒸汽疏水阀 Steam trap PRV 泄压阀 Pressure relief valveBV 呼吸阀 Breather valveNV 针形阀 Needle valveAV 角阀 Angle valveDV 隔膜阀 Diaphragm valveTWV 三通阀 Three-way valveSGV 插板阀 Sluice damper6.管道上的设备SPR 气液分离器 SeparatorFA 阻火器 Flame arresterSR 过滤器 StrainerSRY Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerSRT T型过滤器 T-type strainerSRB 桶式过滤器 Bucket type strainerTSR 临时过滤器 Temporary strainerSIL 消声器 SilencerSG 视镜 Slight glassSC 取样冷却器 Sample coolerDF 排液漏斗 Drain funnelLM 管道混合器 Line mixerRO 限流孔板 Restriction orificeMO 混合孔板 Mixing orificeRD 爆破片（爆破膜） Rupture diskEJ 补偿器 Expansion joint7.隔热、伴热INS 隔热 Thermal insulationH 保温 Hot insulationC 保冷 Cold insulationP 防烫伤隔热 Personnel protection insulation T&I 伴热 Tracing and insulation管道伴热（冷） TracingEST 蒸汽外伴热 External steam tracingIST 蒸汽内伴热 Internal steam tracingSJT 蒸汽夹套伴热 Steam-jacket tracingET 电伴热 Electric tracing8.配管材料和等级M 金属材料 Metallic materialCS 碳钢 Carbon steelCAS,铸钢 Cast steelFS 锻钢 Forged steelAS 合金钢 Alloy steelSS 不锈钢 Stainless steel"AUST SS 奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless-steel CI 铸铁 Cast ironMI 可锻铸铁 Malleable ironDI 球墨铸铁 Ductile ironAL 铝 AluminumBRS 黄铜 BrassBRZ 青铜 BronzeCU 紫铜 CopperLAS 低合金钢 Low alloy steelFLAS 低合金锻钢 Forged low alloy steelCLAS 低合金铸钢 Cast low alloy steelTHK 壁厚 ThicknessSCH 表号 Schedule numberSTD 标准 StandardXS 加强 Extra strongXXS 特强 Double extra strong9.布局布置CN 建北 Construction northE 东 EastW 西 WestS 南 SouthN 北 NorthH 水平 HorizontalV 竖直、铅直、直立 Vertical1GRD 地坪 GroundUG 地下 UndergroundBL 装置边界线 Battery limit lineESEW 事故沐浴洗眼器 Emergency shower and eye washer HS 软管站 Hose stationML 接续分界线 Match linePS 管道支架（管架） Piping support;PR 管桥 Pipe rackSTRU 构架（构筑物） StructureBLDG 建筑物 BuildingPD 清扫设施 Purge devicePT 池 PitSHLT 棚 ShelterCOFF 围堰 CofferdamFL 楼板 FloorPF 平台 Platform10.尺寸标注EL 标高 ElevationBOP 管底 Bottom of pipeCOP 管中心 Center of pipeTOP 管顶 Top of pipeFOB 底平 Flat on bottomFOT 顶平 Flat on topCL （屯）中心线 Center lineTL 切线 Tangent lineSYM 对称的 SymmetricalBOS 支架底 Bottom of supportTOS 支架顶 Top of supportCL 净距（净空） ClearanceCTC 中心至中心 Center to centerCTF 中心至面 Center to faceCTE 中心至端部 Center to endETE 端到端 End to endFEF 法兰端面 Flange and faceFTF 面到面 Face to faceD 直径 DiameterDN 公称直径 Nominal diameterID 内径 Inside diameter.OD 外径 Outside diameterDIM 尺寸 DimensionMAX 最大 MaximumMIN 最小 MinimumAVG 平均 AverageAPP 约、近似 ApproximatePT.EL 点标高 Point elevation11.图表PFD 工艺流程图 Process flow diagramPID 管道和仪表流程图 Piping & instrument diagram COD 接续图 Continued on drawingDTL 详图 DetailSPDWG（ISODWG）管段图 Spool drawing（each line isometric drawing）DWGNO 图号Drawing numberDWGI 所在图号 Drawing identificationLOW 材料表 List of materialMTO 汇料 Material take-offAPPX 附录 AppendixJOB. No. 工号 Job NumberBEDD 基础工程设计数据 Basic engineering design data DEDD 详细工程设计数据 Detail engineering design data REV. No. 修改号Recision numberREF DWG 参考图 Reference drawingSC 采样接口 Sample connection12.操作方式及工作参数AUT 自动 AutomaticML 手动 Manual controlCHOP 链条操作 Chain operatedCSC 铅封关 Car seal closeCSO 铅封开 Car seal openLC 锁闭 Lock closedLO 锁开 Lock openNC 正常关 Normally closeNO 正常开 Normally openATM 大气压 AtmospherePN 公称压力 Nominal pressurePA 绝压 Absolute pressurePG 表压 Gage pressureT 温度 TemperatureP 压力 Pressure13施工W 焊接 WeldingAW 电弧焊 Arc weldingGSAW 气体保护电弧焊 Gas shielded-acr welding EFW 电熔焊 Elecric fusion weldingERW 电阻焊 Electric Resistance weldingGW 气焊 Gas weldingLW 搭接焊 Lap weldingBW 对焊 Butt weldingTW 定位焊 Tack weldingSW 承插焊 Socket weldingCW 连续焊 Continuous weldingSEW 密封焊 Seal weldingSFG 堆焊 SurfacingFW 现场焊接 Field weldingHT 热处理 Heat treatmentPH 预热 PreheatingSR 应力消除 Stress reliefPWHT 焊后热处理 Post weld heat treatmentEIT 检查、探伤和实验 Examination, inspection & testing VE 外观检查 Visual examinationUI （UT）超声探伤 Ultrasonic inspection （test）RI （RT）射线探伤Radiographic inspection （test）MPI （MT）磁粉探伤 Magnetic particle inspection （test）LPI （PT）液体渗透检验 Liquid penetrate inspection （test）HADT 硬度实验Hardness testingHYDT 水压实验Hydraulic testing PNET 气压实验Pneumatic testingCE 焊条 Covered electrodeWW 焊丝 Welding wireASSY 装配、组合 AssemblyF 现场 FieldF/F 现场制造 Field fabricatedSF 现场决定 Suit in fieldCSP 冷紧 Cold springBCT 螺栓冷紧 Bolt cold tighteningBHY 螺栓热紧 Bolt hot tighteningCO 清洗口 Clean outANNY 退火 AnnealedPE 平端面 Plain endBE 坡口端 Bevelled endTHR 螺纹 ThreadHB 布氏硬度 Brinell hardnessRC 洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness14.其他FDN 基础 FoundationINF 信息（资料） InformationREF 参考 Reference'REV 修改 RevisionSEQ 序号（顺序） SequenceW/E 设备带来 With equipmentW/I 仪表带来 With instrumentCM 色标 Colour markCA 腐蚀裕度 Corrosion allowanceUTL 公用系统 UtilityUC 公用工程接头 Utility connectionQTY 数量 QuantityWT 重量 WeightMHR 工时 Man hourBC 螺栓分布圆 Bolt circleHP 高点 High pointLP 低点 Low pointSUC 吸入（口） SuctionDIS 排出（口） DischargeSO 蒸气吹扫（口） Steam outNPT 美国标准锥管螺纹National standard taper pipe thread NPS 美国标准直管螺纹 National standard straight pipe threadDR 排液 DrainVT 放气 VentRTG （压力）等级 RatingCL 等级 Class SMLS 无缝 Seamless。

给排水专业英语汇总doc资料

UNIT 1给水工程water supply engineering 排水工程sewage engineering市政工程civil engineering市政工程师civil engineer环境工程environmental engineering 水文学hydrology水力学hydranlies水环境natural aquatic environment 流域watershed水体waterbody地表水surface water淡水freshwater地下水groundwater含水层aquifer天然含水层natural aquifer地下含水层underground aquifer水文循环natural hydrologic cycle 渗滤infiltration降水precipitation渗入precolation蒸发evaporation蒸腾transpiration城市水文循环urban hydrologic cycle 水源water source水资源water resource取水water withdrawal水处理water treatment配水water distribution用水water use污水sewage废水wastewater废水收集wastewater collection废水处理wastewater disposal受纳水体receiving waters污染pollution pollute污染物pollutant玷污、污染contamination致污物contaminant未污染uncontaminated水污染water pollution水污染控制water pollution control水污染防治water pollution prevention污水回用wastewater reuseUNIT 2水短缺water scarcity地表水资源surface water resource管网Pipe Network供水系统water supply system市政配水系统municipal distribution system建筑给水系统house water supply system分区供水系统dual distribution system小区micro district小社区small community冷水供水系统cold water supply system热水供水系统hot water supply system消防系统fire protection system喷淋系统fire protection sprinkler system自动水幕系统automatic drencher system半自动水幕系统semi automatic drencher system消火栓hydrant排水系统drainage system生活排水系统sanitary system工业排水系统industrial system雨水排水系统stormwater system合流制combined sewers分流制separate sewers建筑排水系统building drainage system卫生洁具plumbing fixtures卫浴设备bathroom fixtures输水系统water transmission system漏水率leakage rate配水系统water distribution system环状管网grid (looped)system支状管网branching(branched) system下水管道sanitary sewer污水节流管intercepting(中间截取) sewer污水节流系统intercepting sewer system污水节流井sewage intercepting well支管collection (目的：收集)sewer collector sewer生活污水sanitary sewagedomestic sewagedomestic wastewater工业污水industrial wastewater工业污水/液/物industrial wastes农业用水agricultural wastewater/wastes雨水rainwater stormwater水位waterlevel海拔、标高elevation坡度grade倾斜度slope明渠Open channel开挖ex cava tion深度excavation depth水力分析hydraulic analysis水头pressure head总水头total headUnit 3水头损失Head loss速度头动压头Velocity head静压Static head摩擦水头Friction head水力坡度线Hydranlic grade line 重力流Gravity flow水塔Water castle贮水箱Cistern泵站Pump station给水泵站Water pump station污水泵站Sewage station提升泵站Lift pumping plant增压泵Booster pump离心泵Centrifugal pump潜水泵Submer sible pump潜水艇Submerine深井泵Well pump虹吸虹吸管Siphon人孔Manhole法兰Flange阀门Valve闸阀Gate valve泵送系统Pumping system流量Flow rate流速Fluid velocity层流Laminar flow滞流粘性流viscous flow过渡流Transitional flow湍流Turbulent flow紊流Turbulence flow涡流Eddying flow雷诺数Teynolds number水质Water guality 水源Water sources供水水源Water supples原水Raw water未处理水Untreated water出水Finished water原水水质Raw-water quality水质标准Water quality standards水质要求Water quality requirements饮用水Drink water\potable water自来水Tap water纯水Pure water饮用水标准Drinking water standards饮用水一级标Primary drinking water standards最大允许浓度Maxmum permissible levelsmaxmum allowable levels最大污染物浓度Maxmum contaminant levels主要污染物Primary contaminants有机化合物Organic chemicals合成有机化合物Synthetic organic chemicals挥发性有机化合物V olatile organic ohemicals无机化合物Inorganic chemical微生物Micro organisms\microbes微生物污染Microbial contaminants病原微生物Pathogenic micro organisms病原体Pathogenic病毒Pathogenic bacterin细菌Bacteria大肠杆菌Coliform bacteria病毒Viruses藻类Algae浊度Turbidity放射性Radionuclide感官性状Esthetic qualities审美Esthetic味Taste嗅Odo色Colour变色Discolouration变色Discolor水质物理参数Physical parameters of water quality水的物理性质Physical quality of water浊度值Turbidity values浊度单位Turdidity unit浑浊单位Turdid嗅阈值Threshold odor number化学性质Chemical quality水质化学参数Chemical parameters of water quality溶解氧Dissolved oxygen (DO)溶解氧浓度Do level溶解氧平衡Do balance氧损Oxygen depletion有机污染物Organic pollutant生化需氧量Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)总氮Total nitrogen (TN)总凯式氮Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)悬浮固体Suspended solids (SS)总悬浮固体Total suspended solids (TSS)溶解Dissolved (DS)总溶解Total dissolved (TDS)Unit 4溶解的铁和锰Dissolved iron and manganese硬度Hardness碱度Alkalinity盐度Salinity有害物质Toxic and hazardous materials氰化物Cyanides急性毒性Acute toxity慢性毒性Chronic toxity基因毒性Genetic toxicity基因Gene难降解有机化合物Refractory organic chemicals 永久性有机污染物Persistent organic pollutants 致癌化学性Carcinogenic chemicals三卤甲烷Trihalo methanes卤素Halogen甲基Methyl氯仿Trichloromethane三氯甲烷Chloroform杀虫剂农药Pesticide害虫Pest杀虫剂Insecticide除草剂Herbicide杀菌剂Germicide细菌Germ防腐剂Preservative保证Preserve清洗剂Cleaning agent洗涤剂Detergent发泡剂Foaming agent泡沫Foam化肥Fertilizer肥沃的Fertile富营养化Eutrophication营养的Trophic营养水平Trophic level生态位NicheUnit 5原污水Raw sewage原废水Raw wastes 处理水Treated wastes回用水Redaimed water水处理过程Water processing收集Collect处置Dispose处理方法Treatment method处理费用Treatment costs处理单元Treatment process运行模式Operational mode间歇处理方式Batch treatment approach均匀均化Equalization均匀Equalize调蓄水池Equalization storage调节池Equalization tank蓄水池Storage tank降解Degrade分解Decompose分离Separate隔离Separation物理法Physical process物理处理Physical treatment物理处理过程Physical treatment process一级处理Primary treatment初步处理Preliminary treatment格栅筛滤Screening格栅Screen格栅Bar screen栅条Bars钢栅条Steel bars渣耙Cleaning rakes圆形破碎机Circular grinder破碎Grind除砂Degritting砂Grit沙Sand除砂Grit removal沉砂池Grit chamber沉淀Settling沉淀池Settling tank澄清池Clarifier初澄清池Primary clarifier初沉池Primary settling tank一级出水Primary effluent二级处理Secondary treatment二级处理工艺Secondary treatment process生物处理Biological treatment二澄清池Secondary clarifier二沉池Secondary settling tank最终澄清池Final clarifier最终沉淀池Final settling tank二级出水Secondary effluent三级处理Tertiary treatment深度处理Advanced treatment废水消毒Waste disinfection出流出水Effluent flow允许浓度Allowable levels优异出水High-quality polished effluent废水处理厂Wastewater treatment plant污水处理厂Sewage treatment plant二级处理厂Secondary treatment plant城市污水处理Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程Municipal engineering土木工程Civil engineering城市污水处理厂Municipal wastewater treatment plant污水处理能力Sewage treatment capacity电容Capacitance污水处理设施Municipal treatment facilities 多反应器设施Multi-reactor facility处理池Treatment tank负荷Load负荷Loadings水力负荷Hydrautic loading污染负荷Pollutant load有机负荷Organic load无机负荷Inorganic load不含化肥、农药无机的Unorganic周期性负荷Periodic(intermitlent) loading第五部分：物化处理1．混凝n. coagulation混凝过程coagulation process化学混凝chemical coagulation凝聚n. aggregation絮凝n. flocculationv. flocculate异向絮凝perikinetic flocculation同向絮凝orthokinetic flocculation混凝剂n. coagulant混凝剂投量coagulant dosage烧杯实验jar test最佳混凝剂投量optimum coagulant dosage 助凝剂coagulant aid助凝剂flocculation aid聚电解质n. polyelectrolytes快速混合flash-mix ,rapid-mix快速混合器flash mixer ,rapid mixer混合池mixer tank快速混合池flash-mix tank絮凝器n. flocculator絮凝池flocculation tank固体接触池solids-contact tank澄清n. clarificationv. clarify澄清池n. clarifier高负荷澄清池high rate clarifier澄清水clarifying water2．沉淀n. sedimentation沉降n. sedimentation自由沉降plain settling拥挤沉降hindered settling重力沉降gravity settling沉淀池settling tank沉淀池，沉降池sedimentation tank矩形沉淀池rectangular settling tank圆形沉淀池circular settling tank管式沉淀池tube settler斜管沉淀池steeply inclined tube settler板式沉淀池parallel-plate settler板式沉淀池plate separator气浮n. floatation泡沫分离foam separation溶气气浮dissolved-air floatation气浮池floatation tank表面撇渣装置surface-skimming device撇去v. skim浮渣n. scum浮渣槽scum trough刮泥机sludge scraper排泥sludge drawoffsludge withdrawal预沉淀n. presedimentation预沉淀池presedimentation basin3．过滤n. filtration滤池n. filter慢滤池slow filter快滤池rapid filter高速（负荷）滤池high rate filter砂滤池sand filter慢砂滤池slow sand filter快砂滤池rapid sand filter重力滤池gravity filter压力滤池pressure filter过滤介质，滤料filter medium石英砂silica sand无烟煤n. anthracite硅藻土diatomaceous earth煤—砂滤床coal-sand beds多层滤料multilayered media混合滤料mixed media双层滤料滤池dual media filter双层滤池two-layer filter粗滤料coarse media细滤料fine media助滤剂filter aid滤后水，滤出水filtered water滤后水，滤池出水filter effluent滤前水，滤池进水filter influent浊度穿透turbidity breakthrough过滤周期filter cycle清洗周期cleaning cycle刮砂法scraping method表面刮砂surface scraping反冲洗backwashing水力反冲洗hydraulic backwashing水力反冲洗hydraulic backwash水力分级hydraulic grading4．消毒n. disinfectionv. disinfect消毒剂n. disinfectantdisinfection agent杀菌剂n. germicide消毒过程disinfection process消毒副产物disinfection by-products氯化n. chlorinationv. chlorinate氯化水chlorinated water预氯化n. prechlorination氯化消毒副产物by-products of chlorination 化学消毒剂chemical disinfectants液氯liquid chlorine ,liquefied chlorine氯胺n. chloramines次氯酸盐hypochlorites次氯酸钠sodium hypochlorite二氧化氯chlorine dioxide臭氧n. ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒n. ozonation臭氧化v. ozonate紫外线(UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV)伽马射线gamma radiation灭活n. inactivationv. inactivate接触时间contact time需氯量chlorine demand加氯量，投氯量chlorine dosage ,applied chlorine自由氯，游离氯free chlorine ,free available chlorine化合氯combined chlorine剩余保护residual protection余氯residual chlorine余氯量chlorine residual自由余氯free residual chlorine自由氯余量free chlorine residual化合余氯combined residual chlorine化合氯余量combined chlorine residuals折点氯化（法）breakpoint chlorination折点氯化曲线breakpoint chlorination curve折点加氯量breakpoint dosage氯折点chlorine breakpoint压力钢瓶pressured steel cylinder臭氧发生器ozone generator需臭氧量ozone demand剩余臭氧量ozone residual剩余臭氧residual ozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenic microorganisms病原体n. pathogens致病细菌或病毒pathogenic bacteria or viruses细菌n. bacteria大肠杆菌coliform bacteria阿米巴氏菌amoebic cysts孢子，芽孢n. spores病毒n. viruses藻类n. algae原生动物n. protozoa5．氧化n. oxidation还原n. reduction氧化剂n. oxidant强氧化剂strong oxidizing agent高级氧化法(AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化工艺(AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化过程(AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化技术(AOT)advanced oxidation technology6．吸附n. adsorption活性炭(AC) activated carbon粉末炭(PAC) powdered activated carbon粒状炭(GAC) granular activated carbon颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activated carbon活性炭纤维(ACF) activated carbon fiber再生n. regenerationv. regenerate吸附剂n. adsorbent吸附质n. adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱adsorption column吸附床adsorption bed空床接触时间empty bed contact time吸附带mass transfer zone快速小柱试验rapid small scale column test生物活性炭(BAC) biological activated carbon7．离子交换n. ion exchange离子交换树脂ion exchange resin离子交换器ion exchanger离子交换柱ion exchange column硬度n. hardness除硬hardness removal软化n. softeningv. soften化学软化chemical softening沉淀软化precipitation softening除盐，脱盐n. desaltinationv. desalt去矿化n. demineralizationv. demineralize离子交换软化法ion exchange softening process 离子交换除盐法ion exchange desalting process 复床combined bed混合床mixed bed8．膜分离membrane separation微滤n. microfiltration超滤n. hyperfiltration纳滤n. nanofiltration反渗透reverse osmosis渗透n. osmosis半透膜semipermeable membrane电渗析n. electrodialysis渗析n. dialysis9．其它处理方法中和n. neutralizationv. neutralize酸性废水acidic wastes化学沉淀chemical precipitation沉淀软化precipitation softening电解n. electrolysis电除盐(EDI) n. electrodeionization吹脱、汽提法n. stripping冷却n. cooling冷却水cooling water冷却塔cooling tower第六部分生物处理生物反应器n. bioreactor微生物n.microorganismsn.microbes微生物种群microbial population混合群落mixed communities细菌n. bacteria原生动物n. protozoa真菌n. fungi轮虫n. rotifers生长n. growth繁殖n. reproduction世代时间generation time生长速率growth rates环境因子environmental factors生态因子ecological factors微生物生长动力学microbial growth kinetics1.迟滞期lag phase2.对数生长期exponential-growth phase3.减速生长期decling growth phase稳定期stationary phase4. 内源呼吸阶段endogenous stage内源生长期endogenous growth phase内源呼吸endogenous respiration底物，基质n. substrate底物（基质）利用substrate utilization生物量n. biomass生物反应biological reaction生物氧化biological oxidation生物降解n. biodegradation生物降解性n. biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a. biodegradable不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable生物处理biological treatment废水生物处理biological wastewater treatment废水生物处理系统biological wastewater treatmentsystem污水生物处理系统biological sewage treatmentsystem生物处理法biological treatment process生物处理装置biological treatment unit串联in series悬浮生长处理法suspended-growth treatment processes生物固体biological solids活性污泥activated sludge附着生长处理法attached-growth treatment processes附着的微生物attached microbes微生物附着生长attached microbial growth生物膜n. biofilm代谢n. metabolismv. metabolize稳定，稳定化n. stabilizationv. stabilize生物代谢biological metabolism微生物代谢microbial metabolism好氧的 a. aerobic好氧菌aerobic bacteria好氧微生物aerobic microorganisms好氧氧化aerobic oxidation厌氧的 a. anaerobic厌氧菌anaerobic bacteria厌氧氧化anaerobic oxidation兼性的 a. facultative兼性菌facultative bacteria好氧环境aerobic environment厌氧环境anaerobic environment营养物n. nutrients无机营养物inorganic nutrients营养物去除nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorus removal生物硝化biological nitrification硝化菌nitrifying bacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification 生物除磷biological phosphorus removal1．活性污泥法activated sludge process微生物n. microorganisms n. microbes 细菌n. bacteria生物絮体biological floc微生物絮体microbial floc活性污泥activated sludge絮状活性污泥flocculate-bacterial sludge回流活性污泥(RAS)returned activated sludge 回流污泥returned sludge回流污泥recycled sludge剩余污泥excess sludge废活性污泥(W AS)waste activated sludge废污泥waste sludge曝气池aeration tank 曝气池aeration basin曝气池aeration chamber完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin活性污泥池activated sludge tank曝气n. aeration混合n. mixing曝气系统aeration system曝气器n. aerator压缩空气compressed air空气压缩机，空压机air compressor鼓风机，风机n. blower循环/切换n. cycling/switchover扩散装置，扩散器n. diffuser空气扩散装置，空气扩散器air diffuser鼓泡空气扩散装置（扩散器）bubble air diffuser微气泡扩散装置（扩散器）fine-bubble diffuser扩散板plate diffuser扩散管tube diffuser扩散罩dome diffuser微气泡扩散曝气fine-bubble diffused aeration微气泡fine-bubble大气泡coarse-bubble静态混合器static mixer机械曝气系统mechanical aeration systems机械曝气mechanical aeration表面曝气surface aeration表面曝气器surface aerator需氧量oxygen demand供气量air supply氧转移效率oxygen tansfer efficiency可沉降固体settleable solids挥发性固体volatile solids非挥发性固体nonvolatile solids挥发性悬浮固体(VSS) volatile suspended solids混合液mixed liquor混合液悬浮固体(MLSS) mixed liquor suspendedsolids混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS) mixed liquor volatilesuspended solids污泥沉降比(SV) settling velocity污泥容积指数(SVI) sludge volume index比耗氧速率(SOUR) specific oxygen uptake rate污泥龄sludge age曝气池容积aeration tank volume曝气时间aeration period曝气时间aeration time水力停留时间(HRT) hydraulic residence time水力负荷hydraulic loadingBOD负荷BOD loading普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process传统活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process标准活性污泥法standard activated sludge process传统活性污泥厂conventional activated sludge plant阶段曝气活性污泥step aeration activated sludge process分段v. step进水负荷influent load分段进水step loading渐减v. taper渐减曝气tapered aeration接触稳定活性污泥法contact stabilization activated sludge process再曝气n. reaeration曝气—沉淀—再曝气aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧处理法complete aerobic treatment process高负荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate (completely mixed) activated sludge process延时曝气活性污泥法extended aeration activated sludge process延时曝气法extended aeration process延时曝气extended aeration氧化沟oxidation ditch水平转刷horizontal rotor转刷曝气rotor aeration笼型转刷caged rotor吸附—生物降解工艺(AB法)adsorption-biodegradation process序批式活性污泥法(SBR法) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process、序批式活性污泥法(SBR法) sequential batch reactor (SBR) processSBR法SBR process序批式反应器(SBR) sequencing batch reactor (SBR) 序批式反应器(SBR) sequential batch reactor初沉primary clarification曝气n. aeration二沉secondary clarification初沉池primary clarifier二沉池secondary clarifier泵送系统pumping system活性污泥法activated sludge process变体n. variantSBR运行周期SBR cycle处理周期process cycle进水阶段fill phase 进水阀influent valve反应阶段react phase沉淀阶段settle phase清水，上清液clear water上清液n. supernatant排水阶段draw phase滗水阶段decant phase滗水装置decant mechanism闲置阶段，待机阶段idle phase营养物去除nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal碳源carbon source硝化n. nitrificationv. nitrify硝化菌nitrifying bacteria反硝化n. denitrificationv. denitrify脱氮n. denitrification生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺(A/O法)anoxic-oxic process厌氧—缺氧—好氧法(A2/O法)anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic processA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorus removal厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)anaerobic ammonium oxidation生物除磷biological phosphorus removal膜生物反应器(MBR)membrane biological reactor2．生物膜法生物膜n. biofilm生物膜反应器biofilm reactor生物滤池n. biofilter生物过滤n. biofiltration旋转布水器rotary sprinkler填料n. packings塑料管状或蜂窝状填料plastic tubular orhoneycomb-shaped packings滴滤池trickling filter普通生物滤池trickling filter高负荷生物滤池high-rate filter塔式生物滤池tower biofilter曝气生物滤池(BAF) biological aerated filter生物转盘法biodisc process生物转盘rotating biological contactor生物转盘n. biodisc塑料盘片plastic discs轻质盘片lightweight discs水平轴horizontal shaft生物粘液biological slime粘液层slime layer生物流化床biological fluidized bedbiological fluidised bed生物流化床反应器fluidized-bed bioreactor移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)moving-bed biofilm reactor3．厌氧生物处理发酵n. fermentationv. fermentate产酸细菌n. acidogens产甲烷细菌n. methanogens产酸阶段acidogenic phase产甲烷阶段methanogenic phase水解n. hydrolysisv. hydrolysis产酸发酵acidogenic fermentation产氢产乙酸H2-producing acetogenesis产甲烷methanogenesis产酸菌acid formers产甲烷菌methane formers ,methane-forming bacteria有机酸organic acids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs) volatile fatty acids硫酸盐还原sulfate reduction硫酸盐还原菌sulfate-reducing bacteria上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)upflow anaerobic sludge blanket上升流速upflow velocity厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)anaerobic baffled reactor两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stage anaerobic biotreatment两相厌氧生物处理two-phase anaerobic biotreatment产酸相acidogenic phase产甲烷相methanogenic phase消化n. digestionv. digest消化池n. digestor厌氧消化anaerobic digestion污泥消化sludge digestion厌氧消化池anaerobic digestor厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧膨胀床反应器anaerobic expanded-bed reactor厌氧流化床反应器anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor厌氧生物转盘anaerobic rotating biological contactor4．自然生物处理系统自然净化系统natural purification system稳定塘stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘oxidation ponds土地处理系统land treatment systems废水土地处理land treatment of wastewater净化过程purification process自然净化natural purification污水塘sewage lagoon稳定塘stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘oxidation ponds好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond好氧生化反应aerobic biochemical reaction厌氧生化反应anaerobic biochemical reaction厌氧分解anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解decompose anaerobically好氧稳定aerobic stabilization细菌n. bacteria藻类n. algae微型植物microscopic plants出流，出水effluent flow光合作用n. photosynthesis厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气塘aerated pond修饰塘polishing pond熟化塘maturation lagoon深度处理塘advanced treatment pond三级处理塘tertiary treatment pond土地处理工艺（过程）land treatment processes关键因素critical factors土壤类型soil type气候n. climate土地处理系统land treatment systems慢速土地处理系统slow rate land treatment system低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system三级处理水平tertiary treatment level灌溉n. irrigationv. irrigate土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质natural filtration and adsorption properties of soil投配的废水applied wastewater垄—沟表面布水ridge-and-furrow surface spreading喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统sprinkler systems快速渗滤土地处理系统rapid infiltration land treatment system渗滤—渗透土地处理infiltration-percolation land treatment快速渗滤rapid infiltration快速渗滤法rapid infiltration method过滤作用filtering action吸附作用adsorption action地表漫流土地处理系统overland flow land treatment system地表漫流overland flow径流集水沟runoff collection ditch物理、化学和生物过程physical , chemical , and biological processes湿地n. wetland天然湿地natural wetland人工湿地constructed wetlandman-made wetland第七部分：污泥处理、处置与利用污泥n. sludge生活污水污泥sewage sludge污泥体积，污泥量sludge volume原污泥，生污泥raw sludge新鲜污泥，生污泥fresh sludge消化污泥，熟污泥digested sludge混合污泥mixed sludge污泥处理sludge treatment污泥处置sludge disposal最终处置ultimate disposal填埋n. landfill污泥减量sludge volume reduction污泥稳定化sludge stabilization（污泥）浓缩n. thickening污泥浓缩sludge thickening稳定，稳定化n. stabilizationv. stabilize稳定了的污泥stabilized sludge调理（调节）n. conditioningv. condition脱水n. dewateringv. dewater干化n. drying污泥干化场sludge drying bed污泥干燥heat drying干燥器n. dryer污泥焚烧，污泥焚化n. incineration焚烧炉，焚化炉n. incinerator污泥浓缩sludge thickening物理过程physical process含水过多的污泥watery sludge稀污泥thin sludge处理装置treatment unit浓缩池n. thickener重力浓缩gravity thickening重力浓缩池gravity thickener圆形污水沉淀池circular sewage sedimentation tank刮泥机sludge scraper搅拌作用stirring action底流n. underflow浓缩的底流thickened underflow浓缩污泥thickened sludge出水n. effluent上清液n. supernatant溢流v. overflow堰n. weir气浮浓缩floatation thickening溶气气浮dissolved-air floatation气浮池floatation tank入流污泥influent sludge污泥絮体sludge flocs撇去v. skim漂浮污泥层floating sludge layer污泥消化sludge digestion消化池n. digester消化池装置digester unit消化n. digestionv. digest有机固体organic solids生化分解biochemical decomposition好氧消化aerobic digestion好氧污泥消化aerobic sludge digestion好氧消化过程aerobic digestion process活性污泥池activated sludge tank预制的（成套）活性污泥处理系统prefabricated (package) activated sludge treatmentsystems预制的接触稳定或prefabricated contact stabilization or延时曝气处理系统extended aeration treatment systemsBOD负荷BOD loading细胞物质cellular mass内源衰亡endogenous decay厌氧消化anaerobic digestion厌氧污泥消化anaerobic sludge digestion有盖的圆形池covered circular tank消化过程digestion process厌氧消化过程anaerobic digestion process 生化反应biochemical reactions有机酸organic acids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs) volatile fatty acids 甲烷气methane gas末端产物end product指示剂n. indicator污泥消化池气体sludge digester gas污泥沉淀sludge settling污泥储存sludge storage消化污泥digested sludge充分消化的污泥well-digested sludge消化池上清液digester supernatant中温消化mesophilic digestion高温消化thermophilic degestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering混合堆肥co-composting污泥处理总成本overall sludge-handling costs第八部分：废水回用地表水资源surface water resource地下水资源groundwater resource水短缺water scarcity回用n. , v. reuse 废水回用wastewater reuse直接回用direct reuse直接废水回用direct wastewater reuse间接回用indirect reuse间接废水回用indirect wastewater reuse出水处理effluent treatment回用水reclaimed water排放n. , v. discharge保留n. retention循环n. recyclingv. recycle部分处理n. partial treatment最终用途end use城市污水回用municipal wastewater reuse灌溉n. irrigation景观灌溉landscape irrigation地下水回灌groundwater recharge市政回用municipal reuse直接市政回用direct municipal reuse深度处理，高级处理advanced treatment分质供水系统dual-distribution system间接市政回用indirect municipal reuse供水系统，给水系统water supply system取水口n. intake天然同化能力natural assimilative capacity人工回灌artificial recharge深井注射deep-well injection浅表布水shallow surface spreading渗透n. percolation工业回用industrial reuse工艺废水，过程废水process wastewaters工艺补充水，过程补充水plant process makeup water冷却塔水cooling tower water选择性处理optional treatment水费water costs回用的城市污水reclaimed municipal wastewater工业过程industrial processes冷却水cooling water锅炉给水boiler feedwater灌溉回用irrigation reuse废水直接灌溉direct irrigation with wastewater低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system间接灌溉回用indirect reuse for irrigation废水排放wastewater discharge雨水回用storm water reuse可回用水reusable waterPartⅨ:第九部分：投资成本，投资费（用）capital costs建设成本，建设费（用）construction costs运行成本，运行费（用）operating costs能耗成本energy costs运行维护operation and maintenance运行控制operational control控制系统control system仪表/控制系统instrumentation/control system自动控制系统，自控系统automatic control system。

给排水专业英文缩写词[精.选]

1 编制目的为了在工程设计文件中正确使用英文缩写词和理解英文缩写词表达的涵义,特编制本文件。

2 适用范围英文缩写词可以在英文注释的给排水专业图纸和设计文件中使用。

用中文注释的图纸和设计文件除特殊情况外, 一般不采用。

在绘制工程设计图纸时, 英文缩写词一律采用大写字母。

3 给排水专业英文缩写词3.1 配管另部件类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.1.1 P Pipe 管子3.1.2 EL Elbow 弯头3.1.3 MEL Mitre elbow 虾米腰弯头3.1.4 REL Reducing elbow 导径弯头3.1.5 T Tee 三通3.1.6 LT Lateral tee 斜三通3.1.7 RT Reducing tee 导径三通3.1.8 R Reducer 导径管(大小头)3.1.9 CR Concentric reducer 同心异径管(同心大小头)3.1.10 ER Eccentric reducer 偏心异径管(偏心大小头)3.1.11 CPL Coupling 管箍3.1.12 ECPL Full coupling 双头管箍3.1.13 HCPL Half coupling 单头管箍3.1.14 RCPL Reducing coupling 异径管箍3.1.15 BU Bushing 内外螺纹接头3.1.16 UN Union 活接头3.1.17 HC Hose coupler 软管接头3.1.18 NIP Nipple 短节3.1.19 CP Cap 管帽(封头) 3.1.20 PL Plug 管堵(丝堵) 3.1.21 BLK Blank 盲板3.1.22 SB Spectacle blank(blind) 8字盲板3.1.23 MH Metallic hose 金属软管3.1.24 RP Reinforcing pad 补强板3.1.25 FLG Flange 法兰3.1.26 WNF Welding neck flange 对焊法兰3.1.27 SOF Slip-on flange 平焊法兰3.1.28 SWF Socket welding flange 承插焊法兰3.1.29 THR Threaded 螺纹3.1.30 REDF Reducing(flange) 异径(法兰) 3.1.31 BF Blind flange 法兰盖(盲法兰) 3.1.32 FSF Flange sealing face 法兰密封面3.1.33 FF Flat face 全平面3.1.34 RF Raised face 凸台面3.1.35 MFF Male and female face 凹凸面3.1.36 MF Male face 凸面3.1.37 TGF Tongue and groove face 榫槽面3.1.38 TF Tongue face 榫面3.1.39 GF Groove face 槽面3.1.40 G Gasket 垫片3.1.41 NMG Non-metalic gasket 非金属垫片3.1.42 AG Asbestos gasket 石棉垫片3.1.43 RG Rubber gasket 橡胶垫片3.1.44 MG Metallic gasket 金属垫片3.1.45 B Bolt 螺栓3.1.46 SB Stud bolt 螺柱3.1.47 NU Nut 螺母3.1.48 TB Turnbuckle 花篮螺母3.1.49 WSR Washer 垫圈3.1.50 SWSR Spring washer 弹簧垫圈3.1.51 GV Gate valve 闸阀3.1.52 GLV Globe valve 截止阀3.1.53 CHV Check valve 止回阀3.1.54 BUV Butterfly valve 蝶阀3.1.55 BAV Ball valve 球阀3.1.56 PV Plug valve(cock) 旋塞阀3.1.57 CV Control valve 调节阀3.1.58 SV Safety valve 安全阀3.1.59 PRV Pressure reducing valve 减压阀3.1.60 ST Steam trap 疏水阀3.1.61 RV Relief valve 泄压阀3.1.62 BV Breather valve 呼吸阀3.1.63 NV Needle valve 针形阀3.1.64 DV Diaphragm valve 隔膜阀3.1.65 AV Angle valve 角阀3.1.66 TWV 3.Way valve 三通阀3.1.67 SGV Socket gate valve 插板阀3.1.68 SR Strainer 过滤器3.1.69 SRY Y-type strainer Y型过滤器3.1.70 SRT T-type strainer T型过滤器3.1.71 SPR Separator 分离器3.1.72 FA Flame arrester 阻火器3.1.73 SIL Silencer 消声器3.1.74 SG Sight glass 视镜3.1.75 SC Sample cooler 取样冷却器3.1.76 DF Drain funner 排液漏斗3.1.77 RO Restriction orifice 限流孔板3.1.78 EJ Expansion joint 补偿器(膨胀节) 3.1.79 INS Thermal insulation 隔热3.1.80 HINS Hot insulation 保温3.1.81 CINS Cold insulation 保冷3.1.82 T Tracing 伴热(冷)3.1.83 EST External steam tracing 蒸汽外伴热3.1.84 IST Internal steam tracing 蒸汽内伴热3.1.85 SJT Steam-jacket tracing 蒸汽夹套伴热3.1.86 ET Electric tracing 电伴热3.1.87 M Metallic material 金属材料3.1.88 CI Cast iron 铸铁3.1.89 MI Malleable iron 可锻铸铁3.1.90 DI Ductile iron 球墨铸铁3.1.91 CS Carbon steel 碳钢3.1.92 CAS Cast steel 铸钢3.1.93 FS Forged steel 锻钢3.1.94 AS Alloy steel 合金钢3.1.95 SS Stainless steel 不锈钢3.1.96 AL Aluminium 铝3.1.97 BRS Brass 黄铜3.1.98 BRZ Bronze 青铜3.1.99 CU Copper 紫铜3.1.100 THK Thickness 壁厚3.1.101 STD Standard 标准3.1.102 XS Extra strong 加强3.1.103 XXS Double extra strong 特强3.2 装置布置及生产流程类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.2.1 CN Construction north 建北3.2.2 E Eest 东3.2.3 W West 西3.2.4 S South 南3.2.5 N North 北3.2.6 H Horizontal 水平3.2.7 V Vertical 竖直、铅直、直立3.2.8 GRD Ground 地坪3.2.9 UG Underground 地下3.2.10 BL Battery limit 装置边界线(界区线) 3.2.11 ES Emergency shower 事故淋浴器3.2.12 EW Eye washer 事故洗眼器3.2.13 HS Hose station 软管站3.2.14 PS Piping support 管架3.2.15 PR Piping rack 管廊3.2.16 STRU Structure 构架(构筑物)3.2.17 BLDG Building 建筑物3.2.18 SHEL Shelter 棚3.2.19 COFF Cofferdam 围堰3.2.20 FL Floor 楼板3.2.21 PF Platform 平台3.2.22 EL Elevation 标高3.2.23 BOP Bottom of pipe 管底3.2.24 COP Center of pipe 管中心3.2.25 TOP Top of pipe 管顶3.2.26 FOB Flat on bottom 底平3.2.27 FOT Flat on top 顶平3.2.28 CL Center line 中心线3.2.29 TL Tangent line 切线3.2.30 BOS Bottom of support 支架底3.2.31 TOS Top of support 支架顶3.2.32 TOB Top of beam 梁顶3.2.33 BOB Bottom of boam 梁底3.2.34 CL Clearance 净距(净空)3.2.35 CTC Center to center 中心至中心3.2.36 CTF Center to face 中心至面3.2.37 CTE Center to end 中心至端部3.2.38 ETE End to end 端到端3.2.39 D Diameter 直径3.2.40 DN Nominal diameter 公称直径3.2.41 ID Inside diameter 内径3.2.42 OD Outside diameter 外径3.2.43 DIM Dimension 尺寸3.2.44 MAX Maximum 最大3.2.45 MIN Minimum 最小3.2.46 AVG Average 平均3.2.47 APP Approximate 约, 近似3.2.48 PFD Process flow diagram 工艺流程图3.2.49 PID Piping & instrument 管道和仪表流程图diagram3.2.50 COD…Continued on drawing…接至图…3.2.51 DTL Detail 详图3.2.52 SP Spool drawing 管段图(Isometric drawing) 单管图（空视图）3.2.53 DWG.NO Drawing number 图号3.2.54 LOM List of material 材料表3.2.55 APPX Appendix 附录3.2.56 JOB.NO Job Number 工号(项目号)3.2.57 BEDD Basic engineering 基础工程设计数据design data3.2.58 DEDD Detail engineering 详细工程设计数据design data3.2.59 REV.NO Revision number 修改号3.2.60 REF.DWG Reference drawing 参考图3.2.61 AUTO Automatic 自动3.2.62 MNL Manual 手动3.2.63 LC Lock close 锁闭3.2.64 LO Lock open 锁开3.2.65 NC Normally close 正常关3.2.66 NO Normally open 正常开3.2.67 ATM Atmosphere 大气(压)3.2.68 PN Nominal pressure 公称压力3.2.69 TEMP(T) Temperature 温度3.2.70 PRESS(P) Pressure 压力3.2.71 W Welding 焊接3.2.72 AW Arc welding 电弧焊3.2.73 GW Gas welding 气焊3.2.74 LW Lap welding 搭接焊3.2.75 BW Butt welding 对焊3.2.76 SW Socket welding 承插焊3.2.77 FW Field welding 现场焊3.2.78 HT Heat treatment 热处理3.2.79 PH Preheating 预热3.2.80 SR Stress relief 应力消除3.2.81 PWHT Post weld heat 焊后热处理treatment3.2.82 HYDT Hydraulic testing 水压试验3.2.83 PNET Pneumatic testing 气压试验3.2.84 CE Covered electrode 焊条3.2.85 F/F Field faricated 现场制造3.2.86 REV Revision 修改3.2.87 CA Corrosion allowance 腐蚀裕度3.2.88 UTL Utility 公用工程3.2.89 QTY Quantity 数量3.2.90 WT Weight 重量3.2.91 MHR Man hour 工时3.2.92 HP(HL) High point(Level) 高点(高液位) 3.2.93 LP(LL) Low point(Level) 低点(低液位) 3.2.94 SUC Suction 吸入口3.2.95 DIS Discharge 排出口3.2.96 SO Steam out 蒸汽吹扫(口) 3.2.97 DR Drain 排液3.2.98 VT Vent 放气3.2.99 RTG Rating 压力等级3.2.100 CC Chemical clean 化学清洗3.2.101 SMLS Seamless 无缝的3.2.102 WELD Welded 焊接的3.2.103 CO Clean out 清洗(口)3.2.104 SYM Symmetrical 对称的3.2.105 UC Utility connection 公用工程接头3.2.106 FDN Foundation 基础3.2.107 INF information 信息资料3.2.108 REF Reference 参考3.2.109 SEQ Sequence 序号（顺序）3.3 有关消防类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.3.1 EXP Expansion 发泡倍数3.3.2 HEF High expansion foam 高倍数泡沫3.3.3 MEF Medium expansion foam 中倍数泡沫3.3.4 CON Concentration 混合比3.3.5 RFA rafe of foam application 泡沫供给速率3.3.6 ECS Enclosure 封闭空间3.3.7 FTT foam transit tube 导泡筒3.3.8 TFHEFES Total flooding of High 全淹没式高倍数泡沫灭火系统expansion foamextinguishing system3.3.9 LAHMEFES Local application of 局部应用式高倍数、中倍数泡High & medium expansion 沫灭火系统foam extinguishing system3.3.10 MHMEFES Mobile of high & medium 移动式高倍数、中倍数泡沫expansion foam 灭火系统extinguishing system3.3.11 TFES Total flooding extinguish 全淹没灭火系统-ing system3.3.12 PA Protected Area 防护区3.3.13 CDS Combined distribution 组合分配系统system3.3.14 FEC Flame extinguishing 灭火浓度Concentration3.3.15 IT Inhibition time 抑制时间3.3.16 PRO Pressure relief opening 泄压口3.3.17 EOA Equivalent orifice area 等效孔口面积3.3.18 FR Filling ratio 充装率3.3.19 MF Material factor 物质系数3.3.20 H Hydrant 消火栓3.3.21 M Monitor 消防水炮3.3.22 WSS Water sprinker system 水喷淋系统3.3.23 WSS Water spray system 水喷雾系统3.3.24 P.E Portable Extinguisher 移动式灭火器3.3.25 HFFS Halon Fire Fighting 卤代烷灭火系统system3.3.26 AC Alternating current 交流(电)3.3.27 DC Direct current 直流(电)3.4 有关工艺循环冷却水系统类:3.4.1 循环水序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.4.1.1 OS Open system 敞开式系统3.4.1.2 CS Closed system 密闭式系统3.4.1.3 Ch Chemicals 药剂3.4.1.4 CHB Count of heterotrophic 导养菌数bacteria3.4.1.5 SL Slime 粘泥3.4.1.6 SC Slime content 粘泥量3.4.1.7 FR Fouling resistance 污垢热阻值3.4.1.8 CR Corrosion rate 腐蚀率3.4.1.9 SCV Volumetric content of 系统容积system3.4.1.10 CC Cycle of concentration 浓缩倍数3.4.1.11 MTC Monitoring coupon 监测试片3.4.1.12 PF Prefilming 预膜3.4.1.13 IHE Indirect heat exchange 间接换热3.4.1.14 SS Side stream 旁流水3.4.1.15 PRTC Permitted retention 药剂允许停留时间fime of chemicals3.4.1.16 MUW Makeup water 补充水3.4.1.17 BDW Blowdown water 排污水3.4.1.18 HLI Heat load intensity 热流密度3.4.1.19 S.I Saturation Index 饱和指数3.4.1.20 L.I Lang elier Index 朗格利尔指数3.4.1.21 S.I Stability Index 稳定指数3.4.1.22 S.I Scale inhibition 阻垢3.4.1.23 CI Corrosion inhibition 缓蚀3.4.1.24 OD Oxygen demand 需氧量3.4.1.25 BOD Biochemical oxygen 生化需氧量demand3.4.1.26 CODcr Chemical oxygen deman 化学需氧量(铬法) 3.4.1.27 SS Suspended solid 悬浮固体3.4.1.28 M-al M-alkalinity M-碱度3.4.1.29 Ca-H Ca Hardness 钙-硬度3.4.1.30 Mg-H Mg Hardness 镁-硬度3.4.1.31 PH PH value PH值3.4.1.32 DO Dissolved oxygen 溶解氧3.4.1.33 T.S Total solids 总固体3.4.1.34 tr trace 痕迹3.4.1.35 T.D.S Total dissolved solid 总溶解固体3.4.1.36 TOC Total organic cabon 总有机碳3.4.1.37 TOD Total oxygen demand 需氧量3.4.1.38 OC Oxygen consumption 耗氧量3.4.1.39 NPSH Net positive suction 泵的净正吸入压头head3.4.1.40 D dispersant 分散剂3.4.1.41 B biocide 杀菌剂3.4.1.42 P.A Prefilming agent 预膜剂3.4.1.43 S.A Stripping agent 剥离剂3.4.1.44 S Surfactant 表面活性剂3.4.1.45 DA defoaming agent 消泡剂3.4.2 冷却塔序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.4.2.1 CT Cooling Tower 冷却塔3.4.2.2 CTI Cooling Tower Institute 冷却塔协会3.4.2.3 NOC Number of cooling tower 冷却塔格数cells3.4.2.4 HWT Hot(or inlet) water 进塔热水温度temperature3.4.2.5 CWT Cold(or outlet)water (出塔)冷水温度temperature3.4.2.6 WBT Wet-bulb temperature 湿球温度3.4.2.7 DBT Dry-bulb temperature 干球温度3.4.2.8 TEMP Temperature 温度3.4.2.9 APP Approach to wet 逼近度bulb temperature3.4.2.10 R Cooling range 进出塔水温差3.4.2.11 BTU British Termal Unit 美国热能单位3.4.2.12 L Water flow rate 冷却水流量率3.4.2.13 G Air flow rate 空气流率3.4.2.14 L/G ratio Liquid/Gas ratio 水/气比3.4.2.15 C.F.Tower Counter flow cooling 逆流塔Tower3.4.2.16 CRFTower Cross-flow cooling 横流塔Tower3.5 给排水主要管线类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.5.1 DW Drinking water supply piping 生活给水管道3.5.2 PW Production water supply 生产给水管道piping3.5.3 RW Raw water piping 原水管道3.5.4 CW Cooling water supply piping 冷却水给水管道3.5.5 CR Cooling water return piping 冷却水回水管道3.5.6 GW Ground water piping 地下水管道3.5.7 FW Fire fighting water piping 消防给水管道3.5.8 HFW High-pressure fire fighting 高压消防给水管道water piping3.5.9 LFW Low-pressure fire fighting 低压消防给水管道water piping3.5.10 DS Domestic sewage piping 生活污水管道3.5.11 PS Production sewage piping 生产污水管道3.5.12 OS Oily sewage piping 含油污水管道3.5.13 RS Rain water sewage piping 雨水管道3.5.14 AS Acid sewage piping 酸性污水管道3.5.15 AI Alkaline sewage piping 碱性污水管道3.5.16 NS Non-polluted sewage piping 清净废水管道3.6 常用缩写词类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.6.1 abbr abbreviated 简写(称)的，缩写3.6.2 abs absolute 绝对的3.6.3 abt about 大约3.6.4 EL Elevation 标高3.6.5 approx approximately 近似的3.6.6 appx appendix 附录3.6.7 aq aqua 水，水溶液3.6.8 assn Association 协会3.6.9 aux auxiliary 辅助的3.6.10 avg average 平均的3.6.11 bal balance 平衡、量度、余数3.6.12 Co company 公司3.6.13 Conc Concentration 浓度3.6.14 Comp Compound 化合物3.6.15 eff efficiency 效率3.6.16 n,wt. net weight 净重3.6.17 Pr Pressure 压力3.6.18 qr quarter 四分之一3.6.19 r radius 半径3.6.20 s.h.p shaft horse power 轴马力3.7 常见机构缩写:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.7.1 A.C.S American Chemical Society 美国化学学会3.7.2 A.E.S.C American Engineering 美国工程标准委员会standard Committe3.7.3 A.P.I American petroleum Institute 美国石油协会3.7.4 A.S.A American Standard 美国标准协会Association3.7.5 A.S.C.E American Society cf civil 美国土木工程师学会Engineers3.7.6 A.S.M.E American Society of Mech 美国机械工程师学会anical Engineers3.7.7 NFPA National Fire Protection 国家防火协会Association3.7.8 WPCF Water pollution Control 美国水污染控制联合会Federation3.7.9 CTI Cooling Tower Institute 美国冷却塔协会最新文件仅供参考已改成word文本。

给排水专业英文缩写词修订稿

给排水专业英文缩写词 WEIHUA system office room 【WEIHUA 16H-WEIHUA WEIHUA8Q8-1 编制目的为了在工程设计文件中正确使用英文缩写词和理解英文缩写词表达的涵义,特编制本文件。

2 适用范围英文缩写词可以在英文注释的给排水专业图纸和设计文件中使用。

用中文注释的图纸和设计文件除特殊情况外, 一般不采用。

在绘制工程设计图纸时, 英文缩写词一律采用大写字母。

3 给排水专业英文缩写词配管另部件类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称P Pipe 管子EL Elbow 弯头MEL Mitre elbow 虾米腰弯头REL Reducing elbow 导径弯头T Tee 三通LT Lateral tee 斜三通RT Reducing tee 导径三通R Reducer 导径管(大小头)CR Concentric reducer 同心异径管(同心大小头)ER Eccentric reducer 偏心异径管(偏心大小头)CPL Coupling 管箍ECPL Full coupling 双头管箍HCPL Half coupling 单头管箍RCPL Reducing coupling 异径管箍BU Bushing 内外螺纹接头UN Union 活接头HC Hose coupler 软管接头NIP Nipple 短节CP Cap 管帽(封头)PL Plug 管堵(丝堵)BLK Blank 盲板SB Spectacle blank(blind) 8字盲板MH Metallic hose 金属软管RP Reinforcing pad 补强板FLG Flange 法兰WNF Welding neck flange 对焊法兰 SOF Slip-on flange 平焊法兰SWF Socket welding flange 承插焊法兰 THR Threaded 螺纹REDF Reducing(flange) 异径(法兰) BF Blind flange 法兰盖(盲法兰) FSF Flange sealing face 法兰密封面 FF Flat face 全平面RF Raised face 凸台面MFF Male and female face 凹凸面MF Male face 凸面TGF Tongue and groove face 榫槽面TF Tongue face 榫面GF Groove face 槽面G Gasket 垫片NMG Non-metalic gasket 非金属垫片 AG Asbestos gasket 石棉垫片RG Rubber gasket 橡胶垫片MG Metallic gasket 金属垫片B Bolt 螺栓SB Stud bolt 螺柱NU Nut 螺母TB Turnbuckle 花篮螺母WSR Washer 垫圈SWSR Spring washer 弹簧垫圈 GV Gate valve 闸阀GLV Globe valve 截止阀CHV Check valve 止回阀BUV Butterfly valve 蝶阀BAV Ball valve 球阀PV Plug valve(cock) 旋塞阀CV Control valve 调节阀SV Safety valve 安全阀PRV Pressure reducing valve 减压阀 ST Steam trap 疏水阀RV Relief valve 泄压阀BV Breather valve 呼吸阀NV Needle valve 针形阀DV Diaphragm valve 隔膜阀AV Angle valve 角阀TWV valve 三通阀SGV Socket gate valve 插板阀SR Strainer 过滤器SRY Y-type strainer Y型过滤器 SRT T-type strainer T型过滤器 SPR Separator 分离器FA Flame arrester 阻火器SIL Silencer 消声器SG Sight glass 视镜SC Sample cooler 取样冷却器 DF Drain funner 排液漏斗RO Restriction orifice 限流孔板EJ Expansion joint 补偿器(膨胀节) INS Thermal insulation 隔热HINS Hot insulation 保温CINS Cold insulation 保冷T Tracing 伴热(冷)EST External steam tracing 蒸汽外伴热 IST Internal steam tracing 蒸汽内伴热 SJT Steam-jacket tracing 蒸汽夹套伴热 ET Electric tracing 电伴热M Metallic material 金属材料CI Cast iron 铸铁MI Malleable iron 可锻铸铁DI Ductile iron 球墨铸铁CS Carbon steel 碳钢CAS Cast steel 铸钢FS Forged steel 锻钢AS Alloy steel 合金钢SS Stainless steel 不锈钢AL Aluminium 铝BRS Brass 黄铜BRZ Bronze 青铜CU Copper 紫铜THK Thickness 壁厚STD Standard 标准XS Extra strong 加强XXS Double extra strong 特强装置布置及生产流程类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称 CN Construction north 建北E Eest 东W West 西S South 南N North 北H Horizontal 水平V Vertical 竖直、铅直、直立GRD Ground 地坪UG Underground 地下BL Battery limit 装置边界线(界区线) ES Emergency shower 事故淋浴器EW Eye washer 事故洗眼器HS Hose station 软管站PS Piping support 管架PR Piping rack 管廊STRU Structure 构架(构筑物) BLDG Building 建筑物SHEL Shelter 棚COFF Cofferdam 围堰FL Floor 楼板PF Platform 平台EL Elevation 标高BOP Bottom of pipe 管底COP Center of pipe 管中心TOP Top of pipe 管顶FOB Flat on bottom 底平FOT Flat on top 顶平CL Center line 中心线TL Tangent line 切线BOS Bottom of support 支架底TOS Top of support 支架顶TOB Top of beam 梁顶BOB Bottom of boam 梁底CL Clearance 净距(净空)CTC Center to center 中心至中心CTF Center to face 中心至面CTE Center to end 中心至端部ETE End to end 端到端D Diameter 直径DN Nominal diameter 公称直径ID Inside diameter 内径OD Outside diameter 外径DIM Dimension 尺寸MAX Maximum 最大MIN Minimum 最小AVG Average 平均APP Approximate 约, 近似PFD Process flow diagram 工艺流程图PID Piping & instrument 管道和仪表流程图 diagramCOD… Continued on drawing…接至图…DTL Detail 详图SP Spool drawing 管段图(Isometric drawing) 单管图（空视图） Drawing number 图号LOM List of material 材料表APPX Appendix 附录Job Number 工号(项目号)BEDD Basic engineering 基础工程设计数据 design dataDEDD Detail engineering 详细工程设计数据 design dataRevision number 修改号Reference drawing 参考图AUTO Automatic 自动MNL Manual 手动LC Lock close 锁闭LO Lock open 锁开NC Normally close 正常关NO Normally open 正常开ATM Atmosphere 大气(压)PN Nominal pressure 公称压力TEMP(T) Temperature 温度PRESS(P) Pressure 压力W Welding 焊接AW Arc welding 电弧焊GW Gas welding 气焊LW Lap welding 搭接焊BW Butt welding 对焊SW Socket welding 承插焊FW Field welding 现场焊HT Heat treatment 热处理PH Preheating 预热SR Stress relief 应力消除PWHT Post weld heat 焊后热处理 treatmentHYDT Hydraulic testing 水压试验 PNET Pneumatic testing 气压试验 CE Covered electrode 焊条F/F Field faricated 现场制造REV Revision 修改CA Corrosion allowance 腐蚀裕度 UTL Utility 公用工程QTY Quantity 数量WT Weight 重量MHR Man hour 工时HP(HL) High point(Level) 高点(高液位)LP(LL) Low point(Level) 低点(低液位)SUC Suction 吸入口DIS Discharge 排出口SO Steam out 蒸汽吹扫(口)DR Drain 排液VT Vent 放气RTG Rating 压力等级CC Chemical clean 化学清洗SMLS Seamless 无缝的WELD Welded 焊接的CO Clean out 清洗(口)SYM Symmetrical 对称的UC Utility connection 公用工程接头FDN Foundation 基础INF information 信息资料REF Reference 参考SEQ Sequence 序号（顺序）有关消防类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称EXP Expansion 发泡倍数HEF High expansion foam 高倍数泡沫MEF Medium expansion foam 中倍数泡沫CON Concentration 混合比RFA rafe of foam application 泡沫供给速率ECS Enclosure 封闭空间FTT foam transit tube 导泡筒TFHEFES Total flooding of High 全淹没式高倍数泡沫灭火系统 expansion foamextinguishing systemLAHMEFES Local application of 局部应用式高倍数、中倍数泡 High & medium expansion 沫灭火系统foam extinguishing systemMHMEFES Mobile of high & medium 移动式高倍数、中倍数泡沫 expansion foam 灭火系统extinguishing systemTFES Total flooding extinguish 全淹没灭火系统-ing systemPA Protected Area 防护区CDS Combined distribution 组合分配系统systemFEC Flame extinguishing 灭火浓度ConcentrationIT Inhibition time 抑制时间PRO Pressure relief opening 泄压口EOA Equivalent orifice area 等效孔口面积FR Filling ratio 充装率MF Material factor 物质系数H Hydrant 消火栓M Monitor 消防水炮WSS Water sprinker system 水喷淋系统WSS Water spray system 水喷雾系统Portable Extinguisher 移动式灭火器HFFS Halon Fire Fighting 卤代烷灭火系统systemAC Alternating current 交流(电)DC Direct current 直流(电)有关工艺循环冷却水系统类:循环水序号缩写词英文名称中文名称OS Open system 敞开式系统CS Closed system 密闭式系统Ch Chemicals 药剂CHB Count of heterotrophic 导养菌数bacteriaSL Slime 粘泥SC Slime content 粘泥量FR Fouling resistance 污垢热阻值CR Corrosion rate 腐蚀率SCV Volumetric content of 系统容积systemCC Cycle of concentration 浓缩倍数MTC Monitoring coupon 监测试片PF Prefilming 预膜IHE Indirect heat exchange 间接换热SS Side stream 旁流水PRTC Permitted retention 药剂允许停留时间 fime of chemicalsMUW Makeup water 补充水BDW Blowdown water 排污水HLI Heat load intensity 热流密度Saturation Index 饱和指数Lang elier Index 朗格利尔指数Stability Index 稳定指数Scale inhibition 阻垢CI Corrosion inhibition 缓蚀OD Oxygen demand 需氧量BOD Biochemical oxygen 生化需氧量demandCODcr Chemical oxygen deman 化学需氧量(铬法) SS Suspended solid 悬浮固体M-al M-alkalinity M-碱度Ca-H Ca Hardness 钙-硬度Mg-H Mg Hardness 镁-硬度PH PH value PH值DO Dissolved oxygen 溶解氧Total solids 总固体tr trace 痕迹Total dissolved solid 总溶解固体TOC Total organic cabon 总有机碳TOD Total oxygen demand 需氧量OC Oxygen consumption 耗氧量NPSH Net positive suction 泵的净正吸入压头 headD dispersant 分散剂B biocide 杀菌剂Prefilming agent 预膜剂Stripping agent 剥离剂S Surfactant 表面活性剂DA defoaming agent 消泡剂冷却塔序号缩写词英文名称中文名称CT Cooling Tower 冷却塔CTI Cooling Tower Institute 冷却塔协会NOC Number of cooling tower 冷却塔格数cellsHWT Hot(or inlet) water 进塔热水温度temperatureCWT Cold(or outlet)water (出塔)冷水温度 temperatureWBT Wet-bulb temperature 湿球温度DBT Dry-bulb temperature 干球温度TEMP Temperature 温度APP Approach to wet 逼近度bulb temperatureR Cooling range 进出塔水温差BTU British Termal Unit 美国热能单位L Water flow rate 冷却水流量率G Air flow rate 空气流率L/G ratio Liquid/Gas ratio 水/气比Counter flow cooling 逆流塔TowerCRFTower Cross-flow cooling 横流塔Tower给排水主要管线类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称DW Drinking water supply piping 生活给水管道PW Production water supply 生产给水管道pipingRW Raw water piping 原水管道CW Cooling water supply piping 冷却水给水管道 CR Cooling water return piping 冷却水回水管道GW Ground water piping 地下水管道FW Fire fighting water piping 消防给水管道HFW High-pressure fire fighting 高压消防给水管道 water pipingLFW Low-pressure fire fighting 低压消防给水管道 water pipingDS Domestic sewage piping 生活污水管道PS Production sewage piping 生产污水管道OS Oily sewage piping 含油污水管道RS Rain water sewage piping 雨水管道AS Acid sewage piping 酸性污水管道AI Alkaline sewage piping 碱性污水管道 NS Non-polluted sewage piping 清净废水管道常用缩写词类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称abbr abbreviated 简写(称)的，缩写abs absolute 绝对的abt about 大约EL Elevation 标高approx approximately 近似的appx appendix 附录aq aqua 水，水溶液assn Association 协会aux auxiliary 辅助的avg average 平均的bal balance 平衡、量度、余数Co company 公司Conc Concentration 浓度Comp Compound 化合物eff efficiency 效率n,wt. net weight 净重Pr Pressure 压力qr quarter 四分之一r radius 半径shaft horse power 轴马力常见机构缩写:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称American Chemical Society 美国化学学会American Engineering 美国工程标准委员会standard CommitteAmerican petroleum Institute 美国石油协会American Standard 美国标准协会AssociationAmerican Society cf civil 美国土木工程师学会EngineersAmerican Society of Mech 美国机械工程师学会anical EngineersNFPA National Fire Protection 国家防火协会AssociationWPCF Water pollution Control 美国水污染控制联合会 FederationCTI Cooling Tower Institute 美国冷却塔协会。

给排水专业英语汇总

UNIT 1给水工程 water supply engineering 排水工程 sewage engineering市政工程 civil engineering市政工程师 civil engineer环境工程 environmental engineering 水文学 hydrology水力学 hydranlies水环境 natural aquatic environment 流域 watershed水体 waterbody地表水 surface water淡水 freshwater地下水 groundwater含水层 aquifer天然含水层 natural aquifer地下含水层 underground aquifer水文循环 natural hydrologic cycle 渗滤 infiltration降水 precipitation 渗入 precolation蒸发 evaporation蒸腾 transpiration城市水文循环 urban hydrologic cycle水源 water source水资源 water resource取水 water withdrawal水处理 water treatment配水 water distribution用水 water use污水 sewage废水 wastewater废水收集 wastewater collection废水处理 wastewater disposal受纳水体 receiving waters污染 pollution pollute污染物 pollutant玷污、污染 contamination致污物 contaminant未污染 uncontaminated水污染 water pollution水污染控制 water pollution control水污染防治 water pollution prevention污水回用 wastewater reuseUNIT 2水短缺 water scarcity地表水资源 surface water resource管网 Pipe Network供水系统 water supply system市政配水系统 municipal distribution system建筑给水系统house water supply system分区供水系统 dual distribution system小区 micro district小社区 small community冷水供水系统 cold water supply system热水供水系统 hot water supply system消防系统 fire protection system喷淋系统 fire protection sprinkler system自动水幕系统 automatic drencher system半自动水幕系统semi automatic drencher system消火栓 hydrant排水系统 drainage system生活排水系统 sanitary system工业排水系统 industrial system雨水排水系统 stormwater system合流制 combined sewers分流制 separate sewers建筑排水系统 building drainage system卫生洁具 plumbing fixtures卫浴设备 bathroom fixtures输水系统 water transmission system漏水率 leakage rate配水系统 water distribution system环状管网 grid (looped)system支状管网 branching(branched) system下水管道 sanitary sewer污水节流管 intercepting(中间截取) sewer 污水节流系统 intercepting sewer system污水节流井 sewage intercepting well支管 collection (目的：收集)sewer collectorsewer生活污水 sanitary sewagedomestic sewagedomestic wastewater工业污水 industrial wastewater工业污水/液/物 industrial wastes农业用水 agricultural wastewater/wastes雨水 rainwater stormwater水位 waterlevel海拔、标高 elevation坡度 grade倾斜度 slope明渠 Open channel开挖 ex cava tion深度 excavation depth水力分析 hydraulic analysis水头 pressure head总水头 total headUnit 3水头损失 Head loss速度头动压头 Velocity head静压 Static head摩擦水头 Friction head水力坡度线 Hydranlic grade line重力流 Gravity flow水塔 Water castle贮水箱 Cistern泵站 Pump station给水泵站 Water pump station污水泵站 Sewage station提升泵站 Lift pumping plant增压泵 Booster pump离心泵 Centrifugal pump潜水泵 Submer sible pump潜水艇 Submerine深井泵 Well pump虹吸虹吸管 Siphon人孔 Manhole法兰 Flange阀门 Valve闸阀 Gate valve泵送系统 Pumping system流量 Flow rate流速 Fluid velocity层流 Laminar flow滞流粘性流 viscous flow过渡流 Transitional flow湍流 Turbulent flow紊流 Turbulence flow涡流 Eddying flow雷诺数 Teynolds number水质 Water guality水源 Water sources供水水源 Water supples原水 Raw water未处理水 Untreated water出水 Finished water原水水质 Raw-water quality水质标准 Water quality standards 水质要求 Water quality requirements饮用水 Drink water\potable water自来水 Tap water纯水 Pure water饮用水标准 Drinking water standards饮用水一级标Primary drinking water standards最大允许浓度 Maxmum permissible levelsmaxmum allowable levels最大污染物浓度 Maxmum contaminant levels主要污染物 Primary contaminants有机化合物 Organic chemicals合成有机化合物 Synthetic organic chemicals挥发性有机化合物 Volatile organic ohemicals无机化合物 Inorganic chemical微生物 Micro organisms\microbes微生物污染 Microbial contaminants病原微生物 Pathogenic micro organisms病原体 Pathogenic病毒 Pathogenic bacterin细菌 Bacteria大肠杆菌 Coliform bacteria病毒 Viruses藻类 Algae浊度 Turbidity放射性 Radionuclide感官性状 Esthetic qualities审美 Esthetic味 Taste嗅 Odo色 Colour变色 Discolouration变色 Discolor水质物理参数 Physical parameters of water quality水的物理性质 Physical quality of water浊度值 Turbidity values浊度单位 Turdidity unit浑浊单位 Turdid嗅阈值 Threshold odor number化学性质 Chemical quality水质化学参数Chemical parameters of water quality溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen (DO)溶解氧浓度 Do level溶解氧平衡 Do balance氧损 Oxygen depletion有机污染物 Organic pollutant生化需氧量 Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)总氮 Total nitrogen (TN)总凯式氮 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)悬浮固体 Suspended solids (SS)总悬浮固体 Total suspended solids (TSS)溶解 Dissolved (DS)总溶解 Total dissolved (TDS)Unit 4溶解的铁和锰 Dissolved iron and manganese 硬度 Hardness碱度 Alkalinity盐度 Salinity有害物质 Toxic and hazardous materials氰化物 Cyanides急性毒性 Acute toxity 慢性毒性 Chronic toxity基因毒性 Genetic toxicity基因 Gene难降解有机化合物 Refractory organic chemicals永久性有机污染物 Persistent organic pollutants致癌化学性 Carcinogenic chemicals三卤甲烷 Trihalo methanes卤素 Halogen甲基 Methyl氯仿 Trichloromethane三氯甲烷 Chloroform杀虫剂农药 Pesticide害虫 Pest杀虫剂 Insecticide除草剂 Herbicide杀菌剂 Germicide细菌 Germ防腐剂 Preservative保证 Preserve清洗剂 Cleaning agent洗涤剂 Detergent发泡剂 Foaming agent泡沫 Foam化肥 Fertilizer肥沃的 Fertile富营养化 Eutrophication营养的 Trophic营养水平 Trophic level生态位 NicheUnit 5原污水 Raw sewage原废水 Raw wastes处理水 Treated wastes回用水 Redaimed water水处理过程 Water processing收集 Collect处置 Dispose处理方法 Treatment method处理费用 Treatment costs处理单元 Treatment process运行模式 Operational mode间歇处理方式 Batch treatment approach 均匀均化 Equalization均匀 Equalize调蓄水池 Equalization storage调节池 Equalization tank蓄水池 Storage tank降解 Degrade分解 Decompose分离 Separate隔离 Separation物理法 Physical process物理处理 Physical treatment物理处理过程 Physical treatment process 一级处理 Primary treatment初步处理 Preliminary treatment格栅筛滤 Screening格栅 Screen格栅 Bar screen栅条 Bars 钢栅条 Steel bars渣耙 Cleaning rakes圆形破碎机 Circular grinder破碎 Grind除砂 Degritting砂 Grit沙 Sand除砂 Grit removal沉砂池 Grit chamber沉淀 Settling沉淀池 Settling tank澄清池 Clarifier初澄清池 Primary clarifier初沉池 Primary settling tank一级出水 Primary effluent二级处理 Secondary treatment二级处理工艺 Secondary treatment process生物处理 Biological treatment二澄清池 Secondary clarifier二沉池 Secondary settling tank最终澄清池 Final clarifier最终沉淀池 Final settling tank二级出水 Secondary effluent三级处理 Tertiary treatment深度处理 Advanced treatment废水消毒 Waste disinfection出流出水 Effluent flow允许浓度 Allowable levels优异出水 High-quality polished effluent废水处理厂 Wastewater treatment plant污水处理厂 Sewage treatment plant二级处理厂 Secondary treatment plant城市污水处理Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程 Municipal engineering土木工程 Civil engineering城市污水处理厂Municipal wastewater treatment plant污水处理能力 Sewage treatment capacity电容 Capacitance污水处理设施 Municipal treatment facilities 多反应器设施 Multi-reactor facility处理池 Treatment tank负荷 Load负荷 Loadings水力负荷 Hydrautic loading污染负荷 Pollutant load有机负荷 Organic load无机负荷 Inorganic load不含化肥、农药无机的 Unorganic周期性负荷 Periodic(intermitlent) loading第五部分：物化处理1．混凝 n. coagulation混凝过程 coagulation process化学混凝 chemical coagulation凝聚 n. aggregation絮凝 n. flocculationv. flocculate异向絮凝 perikinetic flocculation同向絮凝 orthokinetic flocculation混凝剂 n. coagulant混凝剂投量 coagulant dosage烧杯实验 jar test最佳混凝剂投量 optimum coagulant dosage助凝剂 coagulant aid助凝剂 flocculation aid聚电解质 n. polyelectrolytes快速混合 flash-mix ,rapid-mix快速混合器 flash mixer ,rapid mixer混合池 mixer tank快速混合池 flash-mix tank絮凝器 n. flocculator絮凝池 flocculation tank固体接触池 solids-contact tank澄清 n. clarificationv. clarify澄清池 n. clarifier高负荷澄清池 high rate clarifier澄清水 clarifying water2．沉淀 n. sedimentation沉降 n. sedimentation自由沉降 plain settling拥挤沉降 hindered settling重力沉降 gravity settling沉淀池 settling tank沉淀池，沉降池 sedimentation tank矩形沉淀池 rectangular settling tank圆形沉淀池 circular settling tank管式沉淀池 tube settler斜管沉淀池 steeply inclined tube settler板式沉淀池 parallel-plate settler板式沉淀池 plate separator气浮 n. floatation泡沫分离 foam separation溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation气浮池 floatation tank表面撇渣装置 surface-skimming device 撇去 v. skim浮渣 n. scum浮渣槽 scum trough刮泥机 sludge scraper排泥 sludge drawoffsludge withdrawal预沉淀 n. presedimentation预沉淀池 presedimentation basin3．过滤 n. filtration滤池 n. filter慢滤池 slow filter快滤池 rapid filter高速（负荷）滤池 high rate filter砂滤池 sand filter慢砂滤池 slow sand filter快砂滤池 rapid sand filter重力滤池 gravity filter压力滤池 pressure filter 过滤介质，滤料 filter medium石英砂 silica sand无烟煤 n. anthracite硅藻土 diatomaceous earth煤—砂滤床 coal-sand beds多层滤料 multilayered media混合滤料 mixed media双层滤料滤池 dual media filter双层滤池 two-layer filter粗滤料 coarse media细滤料 fine media助滤剂 filter aid滤后水，滤出水 filtered water滤后水，滤池出水 filter effluent滤前水，滤池进水 filter influent浊度穿透 turbidity breakthrough过滤周期 filter cycle清洗周期 cleaning cycle刮砂法 scraping method表面刮砂 surface scraping反冲洗 backwashing水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwashing水力反冲洗 hydraulic backwash水力分级 hydraulic grading4．消毒 n. disinfectionv. disinfect消毒剂 n. disinfectantdisinfection agent杀菌剂 n. germicide消毒过程 disinfection process消毒副产物 disinfection by-products氯化 n. chlorinationv. chlorinate氯化水 chlorinated water预氯化 n. prechlorination氯化消毒副产物 by-products of chlorination化学消毒剂 chemical disinfectants液氯 liquid chlorine ,liquefied chlorine氯胺 n. chloramines次氯酸盐 hypochlorites次氯酸钠 sodium hypochlorite二氧化氯 chlorine dioxide臭氧 n. ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒 n. ozonation臭氧化 v. ozonate紫外线 (UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV)伽马射线 gamma radiation灭活 n. inactivationv. inactivate接触时间 contact time需氯量 chlorine demand加氯量，投氯量 chlorine dosage ,applied chlorine自由氯，游离氯 free chlorine ,free available chlorine化合氯 combined chlorine剩余保护 residual protection余氯 residual chlorine 余氯量 chlorine residual自由余氯 free residual chlorine自由氯余量 free chlorine residual化合余氯 combined residual chlorine化合氯余量 combined chlorine residuals折点氯化（法） breakpoint chlorination折点氯化曲线 breakpoint chlorination curve折点加氯量 breakpoint dosage氯折点 chlorine breakpoint压力钢瓶 pressured steel cylinder臭氧发生器 ozone generator需臭氧量 ozone demand剩余臭氧量 ozone residual剩余臭氧 residual ozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenic microorganisms病原体 n. pathogens致病细菌或病毒 pathogenic bacteria or viruses细菌 n. bacteria大肠杆菌 coliform bacteria阿米巴氏菌 amoebic cysts孢子，芽孢 n. spores病毒 n. viruses藻类 n. algae原生动物 n. protozoa5．氧化 n. oxidation还原 n. reduction氧化剂 n. oxidant强氧化剂 strong oxidizing agent高级氧化法 (AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化工艺 (AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化过程 (AOP) advanced oxidation process高级氧化技术 (AOT)advanced oxidation technology6．吸附 n. adsorption活性炭 (AC) activated carbon粉末炭 (PAC) powdered activated carbon粒状炭 (GAC) granular activated carbon颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activated carbon活性炭纤维 (ACF) activated carbon fiber再生 n. regenerationv. regenerate吸附剂 n. adsorbent吸附质 n. adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱 adsorption column吸附床 adsorption bed空床接触时间 empty bed contact time吸附带 mass transfer zone快速小柱试验 rapid small scale column test 生物活性炭 (BAC) biological activated carbon 7．离子交换 n. ion exchange离子交换树脂 ion exchange resin离子交换器 ion exchanger离子交换柱 ion exchange column硬度 n. hardness除硬 hardness removal软化 n. softeningv. soften化学软化 chemical softening沉淀软化 precipitation softening除盐，脱盐 n. desaltinationv. desalt去矿化 n. demineralizationv. demineralize离子交换软化法 ion exchange softening process离子交换除盐法 ion exchange desalting process复床 combined bed混合床 mixed bed8．膜分离 membrane separation微滤 n. microfiltration超滤 n. hyperfiltration纳滤 n. nanofiltration反渗透 reverse osmosis渗透 n. osmosis半透膜 semipermeable membrane电渗析 n. electrodialysis渗析 n. dialysis9．其它处理方法中和 n. neutralizationv. neutralize酸性废水 acidic wastes化学沉淀 chemical precipitation沉淀软化 precipitation softening电解 n. electrolysis电除盐 (EDI) n. electrodeionization吹脱、汽提法 n. stripping冷却 n. cooling冷却水 cooling water冷却塔 cooling tower第六部分生物处理生物反应器 n. bioreactor微生物 n.microorganismsn.microbes微生物种群 microbial population混合群落 mixed communities细菌 n. bacteria原生动物 n. protozoa真菌 n. fungi轮虫 n. rotifers生长 n. growth繁殖 n. reproduction世代时间 generation time生长速率 growth rates环境因子 environmental factors生态因子 ecological factors微生物生长动力学 microbial growth kinetics1.迟滞期 lag phase2.对数生长期 exponential-growth phase3.减速生长期 decling growth phase稳定期 stationary phase4. 内源呼吸阶段 endogenous stage内源生长期 endogenous growth phase内源呼吸 endogenous respiration底物，基质 n. substrate底物（基质）利用 substrate utilization生物量 n. biomass生物反应 biological reaction生物氧化 biological oxidation生物降解 n. biodegradation生物降解性 n. biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a. biodegradable不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable生物处理 biological treatment废水生物处理 biological wastewater treatment废水生物处理系统biological wastewatertreatment system污水生物处理系统 biological sewage treatmentsystem生物处理法 biological treatment process生物处理装置 biological treatment unit串联 in series悬浮生长处理法suspended-growth treatmentprocesses生物固体 biological solids活性污泥 activated sludge附着生长处理法attached-growth treatmentprocesses附着的微生物 attached microbes微生物附着生长 attached microbial growth生物膜 n. biofilm代谢 n. metabolismv. metabolize稳定，稳定化 n. stabilizationv. stabilize生物代谢 biological metabolism微生物代谢 microbial metabolism好氧的 a. aerobic好氧菌 aerobic bacteria好氧微生物 aerobic microorganisms好氧氧化 aerobic oxidation厌氧的 a. anaerobic厌氧菌 anaerobic bacteria厌氧氧化 anaerobic oxidation兼性的 a. facultative兼性菌 facultative bacteria好氧环境 aerobic environment厌氧环境 anaerobic environment营养物 n. nutrients无机营养物 inorganic nutrients营养物去除 nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal脱氮除磷 nitrogen and phosphorus removal生物硝化 biological nitrification硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮 biological denitrification 生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal1．活性污泥法 activated sludge process微生物 n. microorganisms n. microbes细菌 n. bacteria生物絮体 biological floc 微生物絮体 microbial floc活性污泥 activated sludge絮状活性污泥 flocculate-bacterial sludge回流活性污泥 (RAS) returned activated sludge回流污泥 returned sludge回流污泥 recycled sludge剩余污泥 excess sludge废活性污泥 (WAS) waste activated sludge废污泥 waste sludge曝气池 aeration tank曝气池 aeration basin曝气池 aeration chamber完全混合曝气池 completely mixed aeration basin活性污泥池 activated sludge tank曝气 n. aeration混合 n. mixing曝气系统 aeration system曝气器 n. aerator压缩空气 compressed air空气压缩机，空压机 air compressor鼓风机，风机 n. blower循环/切换 n. cycling/switchover扩散装置，扩散器 n. diffuser空气扩散装置，空气扩散器 air diffuser鼓泡空气扩散装置（扩散器） bubble air diffuser微气泡扩散装置（扩散器） fine-bubble diffuser扩散板 plate diffuser扩散管 tube diffuser扩散罩 dome diffuser微气泡扩散曝气 fine-bubble diffused aeration微气泡 fine-bubble大气泡 coarse-bubble静态混合器 static mixer机械曝气系统 mechanical aeration systems机械曝气 mechanical aeration表面曝气 surface aeration表面曝气器 surface aerator需氧量 oxygen demand供气量 air supply氧转移效率 oxygen tansfer efficiency可沉降固体 settleable solids挥发性固体 volatile solids非挥发性固体 nonvolatile solids挥发性悬浮固体(VSS) volatile suspended solids混合液 mixed liquor混合液悬浮固体 (MLSS) mixed liquor suspended solids混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS) mixed liquor volatile suspended solids污泥沉降比 (SV) settling velocity污泥容积指数 (SVI) sludge volume index比耗氧速率 (SOUR) specific oxygen uptake rate 污泥龄 sludge age曝气池容积 aeration tank volume曝气时间 aeration period曝气时间 aeration time水力停留时间 (HRT) hydraulic residence time水力负荷 hydraulic loadingBOD负荷 BOD loading普通活性污泥法 conventional activated sludgeprocess传统活性污泥法 conventional activated sludgeprocess标准活性污泥法standard activated sludgeprocess传统活性污泥厂 conventional activated sludgeplant阶段曝气活性污泥step aeration activated sludgeprocess分段 v. step进水负荷 influent load分段进水 step loading渐减 v. taper渐减曝气 tapered aeration接触稳定活性污泥法contact stabilization activated sludge process再曝气 n. reaeration曝气—沉淀—再曝气aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧处理法complete aerobic treatment process高负荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate (completely mixed) activated sludgeprocess延时曝气活性污泥法extended aeration activated sludge process延时曝气法 extended aeration process延时曝气 extended aeration氧化沟 oxidation ditch水平转刷 horizontal rotor转刷曝气 rotor aeration笼型转刷 caged rotor吸附—生物降解工艺 (AB法)adsorption-biodegradation process序批式活性污泥法(SBR法) sequencing batchreactor (SBR) process、序批式活性污泥法(SBR法) sequential batch reactor (SBR) processSBR法 SBR process序批式反应器(SBR) sequencing batch reactor (SBR)序批式反应器 (SBR) sequential batch reactor初沉 primary clarification曝气 n. aeration二沉 secondary clarification初沉池 primary clarifier二沉池 secondary clarifier泵送系统 pumping system活性污泥法 activated sludge process变体 n. variantSBR运行周期 SBR cycle处理周期 process cycle进水阶段 fill phase进水阀 influent valve反应阶段 react phase沉淀阶段 settle phase清水，上清液 clear water上清液 n. supernatant排水阶段 draw phase滗水阶段 decant phase滗水装置 decant mechanism闲置阶段，待机阶段 idle phase营养物去除 nutrient removal营养物生物去除 biological nutrient removal碳源 carbon source硝化 n. nitrificationv. nitrify硝化菌 nitrifying bacteria反硝化 n. denitrificationv. denitrify脱氮 n. denitrification生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺 (A/O法)anoxic-oxic process厌氧—缺氧—好氧法(A2/O法)anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic processA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process脱氮除磷 nitrogen and phosphorus removal厌氧氨氧化 (ANAMMOX)anaerobic ammonium oxidation生物除磷 biological phosphorus removal膜生物反应器 (MBR)membrane biological reactor2．生物膜法生物膜 n. biofilm生物膜反应器 biofilm reactor生物滤池 n. biofilter生物过滤 n. biofiltration旋转布水器 rotary sprinkler填料 n. packings塑料管状或蜂窝状填料plastic tubular orhoneycomb-shaped packings滴滤池 trickling filter普通生物滤池 trickling filter高负荷生物滤池 high-rate filter塔式生物滤池 tower biofilter曝气生物滤池 (BAF) biological aerated filter生物转盘法 biodisc process生物转盘 rotating biological contactor生物转盘 n. biodisc塑料盘片 plastic discs轻质盘片 lightweight discs水平轴 horizontal shaft生物粘液 biological slime粘液层 slime layer生物流化床 biological fluidized bedbiological fluidised bed生物流化床反应器 fluidized-bed bioreactor移动床生物膜反应器 (MBBR)moving-bed biofilm reactor3．厌氧生物处理发酵 n. fermentationv. fermentate产酸细菌 n. acidogens产甲烷细菌 n. methanogens产酸阶段 acidogenic phase产甲烷阶段 methanogenic phase水解 n. hydrolysisv. hydrolysis产酸发酵 acidogenic fermentation产氢产乙酸 H2-producing acetogenesis产甲烷 methanogenesis产酸菌 acid formers产甲烷菌 methane formers ,methane-forming bacteria有机酸 organic acids挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids硫酸盐还原 sulfate reduction硫酸盐还原菌 sulfate-reducing bacteria上流式厌氧污泥床 (UASB)upflow anaerobic sludge blanket上升流速 upflow velocity厌氧折流板反应器 (ABR)anaerobic baffled reactor两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stage anaerobicbiotreatment两相厌氧生物处理two-phase anaerobicbiotreatment产酸相 acidogenic phase产甲烷相 methanogenic phase消化 n. digestionv. digest消化池 n. digestor厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion污泥消化 sludge digestion厌氧消化池 anaerobic digestor厌氧接触法 anaerobic contact process厌氧膨胀床反应器anaerobic expanded-bed reactor 厌氧流化床反应器anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor 厌氧生物转盘anaerobic rotating biological contactor 4．自然生物处理系统自然净化系统 natural purification system稳定塘 stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds土地处理系统 land treatment systems废水土地处理 land treatment of wastewater 净化过程 purification process自然净化 natural purification 污水塘 sewage lagoon稳定塘 stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘 oxidation ponds好氧塘 aerobic pond兼性塘 facultative pond好氧生化反应 aerobic biochemical reaction厌氧生化反应 anaerobic biochemical reaction厌氧分解 anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解 decompose anaerobically好氧稳定 aerobic stabilization细菌 n. bacteria藻类 n. algae微型植物 microscopic plants出流，出水 effluent flow光合作用 n. photosynthesis厌氧塘 anaerobic pond曝气塘 aerated pond修饰塘 polishing pond熟化塘 maturation lagoon深度处理塘 advanced treatment pond三级处理塘 tertiary treatment pond土地处理工艺（过程） land treatment processes关键因素 critical factors土壤类型 soil type气候 n. climate土地处理系统 land treatment systems慢速土地处理系统slow rate land treatment system低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system三级处理水平 tertiary treatment level灌溉 n. irrigationv. irrigate土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质natural filtration and adsorption properties ofsoil投配的废水 applied wastewater垄—沟表面布水ridge-and-furrow surface spreading 喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统 sprinkler systems快速渗滤土地处理系统 rapid infiltration land treatment system渗滤—渗透土地处理 infiltration-percolation land treatment快速渗滤 rapid infiltration快速渗滤法 rapid infiltration method过滤作用 filtering action吸附作用 adsorption action地表漫流土地处理系统overland flow land treatment system地表漫流 overland flow径流集水沟 runoff collection ditch物理、化学和生物过程physical , chemical , and biological processes 湿地 n. wetland天然湿地 natural wetland人工湿地 constructed wetlandman-made wetland第七部分：污泥处理、处置与利用污泥 n. sludge生活污水污泥 sewage sludge污泥体积，污泥量 sludge volume原污泥，生污泥 raw sludge新鲜污泥，生污泥 fresh sludge消化污泥，熟污泥 digested sludge混合污泥 mixed sludge污泥处理 sludge treatment污泥处置 sludge disposal最终处置 ultimate disposal填埋 n. landfill污泥减量 sludge volume reduction污泥稳定化 sludge stabilization（污泥）浓缩 n. thickening污泥浓缩 sludge thickening稳定，稳定化 n. stabilizationv. stabilize稳定了的污泥 stabilized sludge调理（调节） n. conditioningv. condition脱水 n. dewateringv. dewater干化 n. drying污泥干化场 sludge drying bed污泥干燥 heat drying干燥器 n. dryer污泥焚烧，污泥焚化 n. incineration焚烧炉，焚化炉 n. incinerator污泥浓缩 sludge thickening物理过程 physical process含水过多的污泥 watery sludge稀污泥 thin sludge处理装置 treatment unit浓缩池 n. thickener重力浓缩 gravity thickening重力浓缩池 gravity thickener圆形污水沉淀池circular sewage sedimentation tank 刮泥机 sludge scraper搅拌作用 stirring action底流 n. underflow浓缩的底流 thickened underflow浓缩污泥 thickened sludge出水 n. effluent上清液 n. supernatant溢流 v. overflow堰 n. weir气浮浓缩 floatation thickening溶气气浮 dissolved-air floatation气浮池 floatation tank入流污泥 influent sludge污泥絮体 sludge flocs撇去 v. skim漂浮污泥层 floating sludge layer污泥消化 sludge digestion消化池 n. digester消化池装置 digester unit消化 n. digestionv. digest有机固体 organic solids生化分解 biochemical decomposition好氧消化 aerobic digestion好氧污泥消化 aerobic sludge digestion好氧消化过程 aerobic digestion process活性污泥池 activated sludge tank预制的（成套）活性污泥处理系统prefabricated (package) activated sludgetreatment systems预制的接触稳定或prefabricated contact stabilization or延时曝气处理系统extended aeration treatment systemsBOD负荷 BOD loading细胞物质 cellular mass内源衰亡 endogenous decay厌氧消化 anaerobic digestion厌氧污泥消化 anaerobic sludge digestion有盖的圆形池 covered circular tank消化过程 digestion process厌氧消化过程 anaerobic digestion process生化反应 biochemical reactions有机酸 organic acids挥发性脂肪酸 (VFAs) volatile fatty acids甲烷气 methane gas末端产物 end product指示剂 n. indicator污泥消化池气体 sludge digester gas污泥沉淀 sludge settling污泥储存 sludge storage消化污泥 digested sludge充分消化的污泥 well-digested sludge消化池上清液 digester supernatant中温消化 mesophilic digestion高温消化 thermophilic degestion污泥脱水 sludge dewatering混合堆肥 co-composting污泥处理总成本overall sludge-handling costs第八部分：废水回用地表水资源 surface water resource地下水资源 groundwater resource水短缺 water scarcity回用 n. , v. reuse废水回用 wastewater reuse直接回用 direct reuse直接废水回用 direct wastewater reuse间接回用 indirect reuse间接废水回用 indirect wastewater reuse出水处理 effluent treatment回用水 reclaimed water排放 n. , v. discharge保留 n. retention 循环 n. recyclingv. recycle部分处理 n. partial treatment最终用途 end use城市污水回用 municipal wastewater reuse灌溉 n. irrigation景观灌溉 landscape irrigation地下水回灌 groundwater recharge市政回用 municipal reuse直接市政回用 direct municipal reuse深度处理，高级处理 advanced treatment分质供水系统 dual-distribution system间接市政回用 indirect municipal reuse供水系统，给水系统 water supply system取水口 n. intake天然同化能力 natural assimilative capacity人工回灌 artificial recharge深井注射 deep-well injection浅表布水 shallow surface spreading渗透 n. percolation工业回用 industrial reuse工艺废水，过程废水 process wastewaters工艺补充水，过程补充水 plant process makeupwater冷却塔水 cooling tower water选择性处理 optional treatment水费 water costs回用的城市污水reclaimed municipal wastewater工业过程 industrial processes冷却水 cooling water锅炉给水 boiler feedwater灌溉回用 irrigation reuse废水直接灌溉direct irrigation with wastewater低负荷土地处理系统 low-rate land treatmentsystem间接灌溉回用 indirect reuse for irrigation废水排放 wastewater discharge雨水回用 storm water reuse可回用水 reusable waterPart Ⅸ: 第九部分：投资成本，投资费（用） capital costs建设成本，建设费（用） construction costs 运行成本，运行费（用） operating costs能耗成本 energy costs运行维护 operation and maintenance运行控制 operational control控制系统 control system仪表/控制系统instrumentation/control system自动控制系统，自控系统automatic control system。

给排水施工图中缩写的含义

缩写
尺寸标注：中文名称
标高管底管中心管顶底平顶平中心线切线对称的支架底支架顶净距（净空）中心至中心中心至面中心至端部端到端法兰端面面到面直径公称直径内径外径尺寸最大最小平均约、近似点标高
缩写 EL BOP COP TOP FOB FOT CL(屯) TL SYM BOS TOS CL CTC CTF CTE ETE FEF FTF D DN ID OD DIM MAX MIN AVG APP PT.EL
缩写 P EL ELL ELS MEL REL T LT RT R CR ER CPL FCPL HCPL RCPL BU UN HC SE NIP SNIP CP PL BLK SB RP
英文名称 Pipe Elbow Long radius elbow Short radius elbow Mitre elbow Reducing elbow Tee Lateral tee Reducing tee Reducer Concentric reducer Eccentric reducer Coupling Full coupling Half coupling Reducing coupling Bushing Union Hose coupler Stub end Pipe nipple or straight nipple Swaged nipple Cap Plug Blank Spectacle blind (blank) Reinforcing pad
缩写 J RJ WL FL JL XL PL HL NL RJL RHL RM YTL YL ZPL PLA XHL KNL TL SNW SN YY KL KD
中文名称生活给水管热水给水管污水立管废水立管给水立管消火栓给水立管喷淋给水立管回水立管凝结水立管热给水立管热A 消火栓立管空调凝结水立管排水透气立管单阀单出口(消防栓) 阳台雨水空调冷凝水立管空调空洞/开洞

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UNIT 1给水工程water supply engineering 排水工程sewetage engineering市政工程civil engineering市政工程师civil engineer环境工程environmental engineering 水文学hydrology水力学hydranlies水环境natural aquatic environment 流域watershed水体waterbody地表水surface water新鲜水freshwater地下水groundwater含水层aquifer天然含水层natural aquifer地下含水层underground aquifer水文循环natural hydrologic cycle 渗滤infiltration降水precipitation渗入precolation蒸发evaporation蒸腾transpiration城市水文循环urban hydrologic cycle 水源water source水资源water resource取水water withdrawal水处理water treatment配水water distribution用水water use污水wastewater废水abwasser废水收集wastewater collection废水处理wastewater disposal受纳水体receiving waters污染pollution pollute污染物pollntant玷污、污染contamination致污物contaminant未污染uncontaminated水污染water pollution水污染控制water pollution control水污染防治water pollution prevention污水回用wastewater reuseUNIT 2水短缺water scarcity地表水资源surface water resource管网Pipe Network供水系统water supply system市政配水系统municipal distribution system建筑给水系统house water supply system分区供水系统dual distribution system小区micro district小社区small community冷水供水系统cold water supply system热水供水系统hot water supply system消防系统fire protection system喷淋系统fire protection sprinkler system自动水幕系统automatic drencher system半自动水幕系统semi automatic drencher system消火栓hydrant排水系统drainage system生活排水系统sanitary system工业排水系统industrial system雨水排水系统stormwater system合流制combined sewers分流制separate sewers建筑排水系统building drainage system卫生洁具plumbing fixtures卫浴设备bathroom fixtures输水系统water transmission system漏水率leakage rate配水系统water distribution system环状管网grid system支状管网branching system下水管道sanitary sewer污水节流管intercepting sewer污水节流系统intercepting sewer system污水节流井sewage intercepting cell支管collection sewer collector sewer生活污水sanitary sewagedomestic sewagedomestic wastewater工业污水industrial wastewater工业污水/液/物industrial wastes农业用水agricultural wastewater/wastes雨水rainwater stormwater水位waterlevel海拔、标高elevation坡度grade倾斜度slope明渠Open channel建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天开挖excavation深度excavation depth水力分析hydraulic analysis水头pressure head总水头total headUnit 3水头损失Head loss速度头动压头Velocity head静压Static head摩擦水头Friction head水力坡度线Hydranlic grade line 重力流Gravity flow水塔Water castle贮水箱Cistern泵站Pump station给水泵站Water pump station污水泵站Sewage station提升泵站Lift pumping plant增压泵Booster pump离心泵Centrifugal pump潜水泵Submer sible pump潜水艇Submerine深井泵Well pump虹吸虹吸管Siphon人孔Manhole法兰Flange阀门Valve闸阀Gate valve泵送系统Pumping system流量Flow rate流速Fluid velocity 层流Laminar flow滞流粘性流viscous flow过渡流Transitional flow湍流Turbulent flow紊流Turbulence flow涡流Eddying flow雷诺数Teynolds number水质Water guality水源Water sources供水水源Water supples原水Raw water未处理水Untreated water出水Finished water原水水质Raw-water quality水质标准Water quality standards水质要求Water quality requirements饮用水Drink water\potable water自来水Tap water纯水Pure water饮用水标准Drinking water standards饮用水一级标Primary drinking water standards最大允许浓度Maxmum permissible levelsmaxmum allowable levels最大污染物浓度Maxmum contaminant levels主要污染物Primary contaminants有机化合物Organic chemicals合成有机化合物Synthetic organic chemicals挥发性有机化合物Volatile organic ohemicals无机化合物Inorganic chemical微生物Micro organisms\microbes微生物污染Microbial contaminants病原微生物Pathogenic micro organisms病原体Pathogenic病毒Pathogenic bacterin细菌Bacteria大肠杆菌Coliform bacteria病毒Viruses藻类Algae浊度Turbidity放射性Radionuclide感官性状Esthetic qualities审美Esthetic味Taste嗅Odo色Colour变色Discolouration变色Discolor水质物理参数Physical parameters of water quality水的物理性质Physical quality of water浊度值Turbidity values浊度单位Turdidity unit浑浊单位Turdid嗅阈值Threshold odor number化学性质Chemical quality水质化学参数Chemical parameters of water quality溶解氧Dissolved oxygen (DO)溶解氧浓度Do level溶解氧平衡Do balance氧损Oxygen depletion有机污染物Organic pollutant生化需氧量Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)总氮Total nitrogen (TN)建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天总凯式氮Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)悬浮固体Suspended solids (SS)总悬浮固体Total suspended solids (TSS)溶解Dissolved (DS)总溶解Total dissolved (TDS)Unit 4溶解的铁和锰Dissolved iron and manganese硬度Hardness碱度Alkalinity盐度Salinity有害物质Toxic and hazardous materials氰化物Cyanides急性毒性Acute toxity慢性毒性Chronic toxity基因毒性Genetic toxicity基因Gene难降解有机化合物Refractory organic chemicals 永久性有机污染物Persistent organic pollutants 致癌化学性Carcinogenic chemicals三卤甲烷Trihalo methanes卤素Halogen甲基Methyl氯仿Trichloromethane三氯甲烷Chloroform杀虫剂农药Pesticide害虫Pest杀虫剂Insecticide除草剂Herbicide杀菌剂Germicide细菌Germ防腐剂Preservative 保证Preserve清洗剂Cleaning agent洗涤剂Detergent发泡剂Foaming agent泡沫Foam化肥Fertilizer肥沃的Fertile富营养化Eutrophication营养的Trophic营养水平Trophic level生态位NicheUnit 5原污水Raw sewage原废水Raw wastes处理水Treated wastes回用水Redaimed water水处理过程Water processing收集Collect处置Dispose处理方法Treatment method处理费用Treatment costs处理单元Treatment process运行模式Operational mode间歇处理方式Batch treatment approach均匀均化Equalization均匀Equalize调蓄水池Equalization storage调节池Equalization tank蓄水池Storage tank降解Degrade分解Decompose分离Separate隔离Separation物理法Physical process物理处理Physical treatment物理处理过程Physical treatment process一级处理Primary treatment初步处理Preliminary treatment格栅筛滤Screening格栅Screen格栅Bar screen栅条Bars钢栅条Steel bars渣耙Cleaning rakes圆形破碎机Circular grinder破碎Grind除砂Degritting砂Grit沙Sand除砂Grit removal沉砂池Grit chamber沉淀Settling沉淀池Settling tank澄清池Clarifier初澄清池Primary clarifier初沉池Primary settling tank一级出水Primary effluent二级处理Secondary treatment二级处理工艺Secondary treatment process生物处理Biological treatment二澄清池Secondary clarifier二沉池Secondary settling tank建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天最终澄清池Final clarifier最终沉淀池Final settling tank二级出水Secondary effluent三级处理Tertiary treatment深度处理Advanced treatment废水消毒Waste disinfection出流出水Effluent flow允许浓度Allowable levels优异出水High-quality polished effluent废水处理厂Wastewater treatment plant污水处理厂Sewage treatment plant二级处理厂Secondary treatment plant城市污水处理Municipal wastewater treatment市政工程Municipal engineering土木工程Civil engineering城市污水处理厂Municipal wastewater treatment plant 污水处理能力Sewage treatment capacity电容Capacitance污水处理设施Municipal treatment facilities 多反应器设施Multi-reactor facility处理池Treatment tank负荷Load负荷Loadings水力负荷Hydrautic loading污染负荷Pollutant load有机负荷Organic load无机负荷Inorganic load不含化肥、农药无机的Unorganic周期性负荷Periodic(intermitlent) loading 第五部分：物化处理1．混凝n. coagulation混凝过程coagulation process化学混凝chemical coagulation凝聚n. aggregation絮凝n. flocculationv. flocculate异向絮凝perikinetic flocculation同向絮凝orthokinetic flocculation混凝剂n. coagulant混凝剂投量coagulant dosage烧杯实验jar test最佳混凝剂投量optimum coagulant dosage助凝剂coagulant aid助凝剂flocculation aid聚电解质n. polyelectrolytes快速混合flash-mix ,rapid-mix快速混合器flash mixer ,rapid mixer混合池mixer tank快速混合池flash-mix tank絮凝器n. flocculator絮凝池flocculation tank固体接触池solids-contact tank澄清n. clarificationv. clarify澄清池n. clarifier高负荷澄清池high rate clarifier澄清水clarifying water2．沉淀n. sedimentation沉降n. sedimentation自由沉降plain settling拥挤沉降hindered settling重力沉降gravity settling沉淀池settling tank沉淀池，沉降池sedimentation tank矩形沉淀池rectangular settling tank圆形沉淀池circular settling tank管式沉淀池tube settler斜管沉淀池steeply inclined tube settler板式沉淀池parallel-plate settler板式沉淀池plate separator气浮n. floatation泡沫分离foam separation溶气气浮dissolved-air floatation气浮池floatation tank表面撇渣装置surface-skimming device撇去v. skim浮渣n. scum浮渣槽scum trough刮泥机sludge scraper排泥sludge drawoffsludge withdrawal预沉淀n. presedimentation预沉淀池presedimentation basin3．过滤n. filtration滤池n. filter慢滤池slow filter建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天快滤池rapid filter高速（负荷）滤池high rate filter 砂滤池sand filter慢砂滤池slow sand filter快砂滤池rapid sand filter重力滤池gravity filter压力滤池pressure filter过滤介质，滤料filter medium石英砂silica sand无烟煤n. anthracite硅藻土diatomaceous earth煤—砂滤床coal-sand beds多层滤料multilayered media混合滤料mixed media双层滤料滤池dual media filter双层滤池two-layer filter粗滤料coarse media细滤料fine media助滤剂filter aid滤后水，滤出水filtered water滤后水，滤池出水filter effluent 滤前水，滤池进水filter influent 浊度穿透turbidity breakthrough 过滤周期filter cycle清洗周期cleaning cycle刮砂法scraping method表面刮砂surface scraping反冲洗backwashing水力反冲洗hydraulic backwashing 水力反冲洗hydraulic backwash水力分级hydraulic grading 4．消毒n. disinfectionv. disinfect消毒剂n. disinfectantdisinfection agent杀菌剂n. germicide消毒过程disinfection process消毒副产物disinfection by-products氯化n. chlorinationv. chlorinate氯化水chlorinated water预氯化n. prechlorination氯化消毒副产物by-products of chlorination化学消毒剂chemical disinfectants液氯liquid chlorine ,liquefied chlorine氯胺n. chloramines次氯酸盐hypochlorites次氯酸钠sodium hypochlorite二氧化氯chlorine dioxide臭氧n. ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒n. ozonation臭氧化v. ozonate紫外线(UV) ultraviolet radiation (UV)伽马射线gamma radiation灭活n. inactivationv. inactivate接触时间contact time需氯量chlorine demand加氯量，投氯量chlorine dosage ,applied chlorine自由氯，游离氯free chlorine ,free available chlorine化合氯combined chlorine剩余保护residual protection余氯residual chlorine余氯量chlorine residual自由余氯free residual chlorine自由氯余量free chlorine residual化合余氯combined residual chlorine化合氯余量combined chlorine residuals折点氯化（法）breakpoint chlorination折点氯化曲线breakpoint chlorination curve折点加氯量breakpoint dosage氯折点chlorine breakpoint压力钢瓶pressured steel cylinder臭氧发生器ozone generator需臭氧量ozone demand剩余臭氧量ozone residual剩余臭氧residual ozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenic microorganisms病原体n. pathogens致病细菌或病毒pathogenic bacteria or viruses细菌n. bacteria大肠杆菌coliform bacteria阿米巴氏菌amoebic cysts孢子，芽孢n. spores病毒n. viruses藻类n. algae原生动物n. protozoa建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天5．氧化n. oxidation还原n. reduction氧化剂n. oxidant强氧化剂strong oxidizing agent高级氧化法(AOP) advanced oxidation process 高级氧化工艺(AOP) advanced oxidation process 高级氧化过程(AOP) advanced oxidation process 高级氧化技术(AOT)advanced oxidation technology6．吸附n. adsorption活性炭(AC) activated carbon粉末炭(PAC) powdered activated carbon粒状炭(GAC) granular activated carbon颗粒活性炭(GAC) granular activated carbon活性炭纤维(ACF) activated carbon fiber再生n. regenerationv. regenerate吸附剂n. adsorbent吸附质n. adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱adsorption column吸附床adsorption bed空床接触时间empty bed contact time吸附带mass transfer zone快速小柱试验rapid small scale column test生物活性炭(BAC) biological activated carbon7．离子交换n. ion exchange离子交换树脂ion exchange resin离子交换器ion exchanger离子交换柱ion exchange column硬度n. hardness除硬hardness removal软化n. softeningv. soften化学软化chemical softening沉淀软化precipitation softening除盐，脱盐n. desaltinationv. desalt去矿化n. demineralizationv. demineralize离子交换软化法ion exchange softening process离子交换除盐法ion exchange desalting process复床combined bed混合床mixed bed8．膜分离membrane separation微滤n. microfiltration超滤n. hyperfiltration纳滤n. nanofiltration反渗透reverse osmosis渗透n. osmosis半透膜semipermeable membrane电渗析n. electrodialysis渗析n. dialysis9．其它处理方法中和n. neutralizationv. neutralize酸性废水acidic wastes化学沉淀chemical precipitation沉淀软化precipitation softening电解n. electrolysis电除盐(EDI) n. electrodeionization吹脱、汽提法n. stripping冷却n. cooling冷却水cooling water冷却塔cooling tower第六部分生物处理生物反应器n. bioreactor微生物n.microorganismsn.microbes微生物种群microbial population混合群落mixed communities细菌n. bacteria原生动物n. protozoa真菌n. fungi轮虫n. rotifers生长n. growth繁殖n. reproduction世代时间generation time生长速率growth rates环境因子environmental factors生态因子ecological factors微生物生长动力学microbial growth kinetics1.迟滞期lag phase2.对数生长期exponential-growth phase3.减速生长期decling growth phase稳定期stationary phase4. 内源呼吸阶段endogenous stage内源生长期endogenous growth phase建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天内源呼吸endogenous respiration底物，基质n. substrate底物（基质）利用substrate utilization生物量n. biomass生物反应biological reaction生物氧化biological oxidation生物降解n. biodegradation生物降解性n. biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的 a. biodegradable不可生物降解的 a. nonbiodegradable生物处理biological treatment废水生物处理biological wastewater treatment废水生物处理系统biological wastewater treatment system污水生物处理系统biological sewage treatment system生物处理法biological treatment process生物处理装置biological treatment unit串联in series悬浮生长处理法suspended-growth treatment processes 生物固体biological solids活性污泥activated sludge附着生长处理法attached-growth treatment processes 附着的微生物attached microbes微生物附着生长attached microbial growth生物膜n. biofilm代谢n. metabolismv. metabolize稳定，稳定化n. stabilizationv. stabilize生物代谢biological metabolism微生物代谢microbial metabolism好氧的 a. aerobic好氧菌aerobic bacteria好氧微生物aerobic microorganisms好氧氧化aerobic oxidation厌氧的 a. anaerobic厌氧菌anaerobic bacteria厌氧氧化anaerobic oxidation兼性的 a. facultative兼性菌facultative bacteria好氧环境aerobic environment厌氧环境anaerobic environment营养物n. nutrients无机营养物inorganic nutrients营养物去除nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorus removal生物硝化biological nitrification硝化菌nitrifying bacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification生物除磷biological phosphorus removal1．活性污泥法activated sludge process微生物n. microorganisms n. microbes细菌n. bacteria生物絮体biological floc微生物絮体microbial floc活性污泥activated sludge絮状活性污泥flocculate-bacterial sludge回流活性污泥(RAS)returned activated sludge回流污泥returned sludge回流污泥recycled sludge剩余污泥excess sludge废活性污泥(WAS)waste activated sludge废污泥waste sludge曝气池aeration tank曝气池aeration basin曝气池aeration chamber完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin活性污泥池activated sludge tank曝气n. aeration混合n. mixing曝气系统aeration system曝气器n. aerator压缩空气compressed air空气压缩机，空压机air compressor鼓风机，风机n. blower循环/切换n. cycling/switchover扩散装置，扩散器n. diffuser空气扩散装置，空气扩散器air diffuser鼓泡空气扩散装置（扩散器）bubble air diffuser微气泡扩散装置（扩散器）fine-bubble diffuser扩散板plate diffuser扩散管tube diffuser扩散罩dome diffuser微气泡扩散曝气fine-bubble diffused aeration微气泡fine-bubble大气泡coarse-bubble静态混合器static mixer机械曝气系统mechanical aeration systems建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天机械曝气mechanical aeration表面曝气surface aeration表面曝气器surface aerator需氧量oxygen demand供气量air supply氧转移效率oxygen tansfer efficiency可沉降固体settleable solids挥发性固体volatile solids非挥发性固体nonvolatile solids挥发性悬浮固体(VSS) volatile suspended solids混合液mixed liquor混合液悬浮固体(MLSS) mixed liquor suspended solids混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS) mixed liquor volatile suspended solids污泥沉降比(SV) settling velocity污泥容积指数(SVI) sludge volume index比耗氧速率(SOUR) specific oxygen uptake rate污泥龄sludge age曝气池容积aeration tank volume曝气时间aeration period曝气时间aeration time水力停留时间(HRT) hydraulic residence time水力负荷hydraulic loadingBOD负荷BOD loading普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process 传统活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process 标准活性污泥法standard activated sludge process传统活性污泥厂conventional activated sludge plant阶段曝气活性污泥step aeration activated sludge process分段v. step进水负荷influent load分段进水step loading渐减v. taper渐减曝气tapered aeration接触稳定活性污泥法contact stabilization activated sludge process再曝气n. reaeration曝气—沉淀—再曝气aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧处理法complete aerobic treatment process高负荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate (completely mixed) activated sludge process延时曝气活性污泥法extended aeration activated sludge process延时曝气法extended aeration process延时曝气extended aeration氧化沟oxidation ditch水平转刷horizontal rotor转刷曝气rotor aeration笼型转刷caged rotor吸附—生物降解工艺(AB法)adsorption-biodegradation process序批式活性污泥法(SBR法) sequencing batch reactor(SBR) process、序批式活性污泥法(SBR法) sequential batch reactor(SBR) processSBR法SBR process序批式反应器(SBR) sequencing batch reactor (SBR)序批式反应器(SBR) sequential batch reactor初沉primary clarification曝气n. aeration二沉secondary clarification初沉池primary clarifier二沉池secondary clarifier泵送系统pumping system活性污泥法activated sludge process变体n. variantSBR运行周期SBR cycle处理周期process cycle进水阶段fill phase进水阀influent valve反应阶段react phase沉淀阶段settle phase清水，上清液clear water上清液n. supernatant排水阶段draw phase滗水阶段decant phase滗水装置decant mechanism闲置阶段，待机阶段idle phase营养物去除nutrient removal营养物生物去除biological nutrient removal碳源carbon source硝化n. nitrificationv. nitrify硝化菌nitrifying bacteria反硝化n. denitrificationv. denitrify建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天脱氮n. denitrification生物反硝化，生物脱氮biological denitrification缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺(A/O法)anoxic-oxic process厌氧—缺氧—好氧法(A2/O法) anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic processA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process脱氮除磷nitrogen and phosphorus removal厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)anaerobic ammonium oxidation生物除磷biological phosphorus removal膜生物反应器(MBR)membrane biological reactor2．生物膜法生物膜n. biofilm生物膜反应器biofilm reactor生物滤池n. biofilter生物过滤n. biofiltration旋转布水器rotary sprinkler填料n. packings塑料管状或蜂窝状填料plastic tubular or honeycomb-shaped packings滴滤池trickling filter普通生物滤池trickling filter高负荷生物滤池high-rate filter塔式生物滤池tower biofilter曝气生物滤池(BAF) biological aerated filter生物转盘法biodisc process生物转盘rotating biological contactor生物转盘n. biodisc塑料盘片plastic discs轻质盘片lightweight discs水平轴horizontal shaft生物粘液biological slime粘液层slime layer生物流化床biological fluidized bedbiological fluidised bed生物流化床反应器fluidized-bed bioreactor移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)moving-bed biofilm reactor3．厌氧生物处理发酵n. fermentationv. fermentate产酸细菌n. acidogens产甲烷细菌n. methanogens产酸阶段acidogenic phase产甲烷阶段methanogenic phase水解n. hydrolysisv. hydrolysis产酸发酵acidogenic fermentation产氢产乙酸H2-producing acetogenesis产甲烷methanogenesis产酸菌acid formers产甲烷菌methane formers ,methane-forming bacteria有机酸organic acids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs) volatile fatty acids硫酸盐还原sulfate reduction硫酸盐还原菌sulfate-reducing bacteria上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)upflow anaerobic sludge blanket上升流速upflow velocity厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)anaerobic baffled reactor两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stage anaerobicbiotreatment两相厌氧生物处理two-phase anaerobic biotreatment产酸相acidogenic phase产甲烷相methanogenic phase消化n. digestionv. digest消化池n. digestor厌氧消化anaerobic digestion污泥消化sludge digestion厌氧消化池anaerobic digestor厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧膨胀床反应器anaerobic expanded-bed reactor厌氧流化床反应器anaerobic fluidized-bed reactor建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天厌氧生物转盘anaerobic rotating biological contactor 4．自然生物处理系统自然净化系统natural purification system 稳定塘stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘oxidation ponds土地处理系统land treatment systems废水土地处理land treatment of wastewater净化过程purification process自然净化natural purification污水塘sewage lagoon稳定塘stabilization pondsstabilization lagoons氧化塘oxidation ponds好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond好氧生化反应aerobic biochemical reaction厌氧生化反应anaerobic biochemical reaction 厌氧分解anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解decompose anaerobically好氧稳定aerobic stabilization细菌n. bacteria藻类n. algae微型植物microscopic plants出流，出水effluent flow光合作用n. photosynthesis厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气塘aerated pond修饰塘polishing pond熟化塘maturation lagoon深度处理塘advanced treatment pond三级处理塘tertiary treatment pond土地处理工艺（过程）land treatment processes关键因素critical factors土壤类型soil type气候n. climate土地处理系统land treatment systems慢速土地处理系统slow rate land treatment system低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system三级处理水平tertiary treatment level灌溉n. irrigationv. irrigate土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质natural filtration and adsorption properties of soil投配的废水applied wastewater垄—沟表面布水ridge-and-furrow surface spreading喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统sprinkler systems快速渗滤土地处理系统rapid infiltration landtreatment system渗滤—渗透土地处理infiltration-percolation landtreatment快速渗滤rapid infiltration快速渗滤法rapid infiltration method过滤作用filtering action吸附作用adsorption action地表漫流土地处理系统overland flow land treatment system地表漫流overland flow径流集水沟runoff collection ditch物理、化学和生物过程physical , chemical , and biological processes湿地n. wetland天然湿地natural wetland人工湿地constructed wetlandman-made wetland第七部分：污泥处理、处置与利用污泥n. sludge生活污水污泥sewage sludge污泥体积，污泥量sludge volume原污泥，生污泥raw sludge新鲜污泥，生污泥fresh sludge消化污泥，熟污泥digested sludge混合污泥mixed sludge污泥处理sludge treatment污泥处置sludge disposal最终处置ultimate disposal填埋n. landfill污泥减量sludge volume reduction污泥稳定化sludge stabilization（污泥）浓缩n. thickening污泥浓缩sludge thickening建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天稳定，稳定化n. stabilizationv. stabilize稳定了的污泥stabilized sludge调理（调节）n. conditioningv. condition脱水n. dewateringv. dewater干化n. drying污泥干化场sludge drying bed污泥干燥heat drying干燥器n. dryer污泥焚烧，污泥焚化n. incineration焚烧炉，焚化炉n. incinerator污泥浓缩sludge thickening物理过程physical process含水过多的污泥watery sludge稀污泥thin sludge处理装置treatment unit浓缩池n. thickener重力浓缩gravity thickening重力浓缩池gravity thickener圆形污水沉淀池circular sewage sedimentation tank 刮泥机sludge scraper搅拌作用stirring action底流n. underflow浓缩的底流thickened underflow浓缩污泥thickened sludge出水n. effluent上清液n. supernatant溢流v. overflow堰n. weir气浮浓缩floatation thickening溶气气浮dissolved-air floatation气浮池floatation tank入流污泥influent sludge污泥絮体sludge flocs撇去v. skim漂浮污泥层floating sludge layer污泥消化sludge digestion消化池n. digester消化池装置digester unit消化n. digestionv. digest有机固体organic solids生化分解biochemical decomposition好氧消化aerobic digestion好氧污泥消化aerobic sludge digestion好氧消化过程aerobic digestion process活性污泥池activated sludge tank预制的（成套）活性污泥处理系统prefabricated (package) activated sludge treatmentsystems预制的接触稳定或prefabricated contact stabilization or延时曝气处理系统extended aeration treatment systemsBOD负荷BOD loading细胞物质cellular mass内源衰亡endogenous decay厌氧消化anaerobic digestion厌氧污泥消化anaerobic sludge digestion有盖的圆形池covered circular tank消化过程digestion process厌氧消化过程anaerobic digestion process生化反应biochemical reactions有机酸organic acids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs) volatile fatty acids甲烷气methane gas末端产物end product指示剂n. indicator污泥消化池气体sludge digester gas污泥沉淀sludge settling污泥储存sludge storage消化污泥digested sludge充分消化的污泥well-digested sludge消化池上清液digester supernatant中温消化mesophilic digestion高温消化thermophilic degestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering混合堆肥co-composting污泥处理总成本overall sludge-handling costs第八部分：废水回用地表水资源surface water resource地下水资源groundwater resource水短缺water scarcity回用n. , v. reuse建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天废水回用wastewater reuse直接回用direct reuse直接废水回用direct wastewater reuse间接回用indirect reuse间接废水回用indirect wastewater reuse 出水处理effluent treatment回用水reclaimed water排放n. , v. discharge保留n. retention循环n. recyclingv. recycle部分处理n. partial treatment最终用途end use城市污水回用municipal wastewater reuse 灌溉n. irrigation景观灌溉landscape irrigation地下水回灌groundwater recharge市政回用municipal reuse直接市政回用direct municipal reuse深度处理，高级处理advanced treatment 分质供水系统dual-distribution system间接市政回用indirect municipal reuse供水系统，给水系统water supply system 取水口n. intake天然同化能力natural assimilative capacity 人工回灌artificial recharge深井注射deep-well injection浅表布水shallow surface spreading渗透n. percolation工业回用industrial reuse工艺废水，过程废水process wastewaters工艺补充水，过程补充水plant process makeup water冷却塔水cooling tower water选择性处理optional treatment水费water costs回用的城市污水reclaimed municipal wastewater工业过程industrial processes冷却水cooling water锅炉给水boiler feedwater灌溉回用irrigation reuse废水直接灌溉direct irrigation with wastewater低负荷土地处理系统low-rate land treatment system 间接灌溉回用indirect reuse for irrigation废水排放wastewater discharge雨水回用storm water reuse可回用水reusable waterPartⅨ:第九部分：投资成本，投资费（用）capital costs建设成本，建设费（用）construction costs运行成本，运行费（用）operating costs能耗成本energy costs运行维护operation and maintenance运行控制operational control控制系统control system仪表/控制系统instrumentation/control system自动控制系统，自控系统automatic control system建议收藏下载本文，以便随时学习！我去人也就有人！为UR扼腕入站内信不存在向你偶同意调剖沙龙课反倒是龙卷风前一天。

建筑及给排水中英文缩写对照

1.连接方式P 管子 PipeEL 弯头 ElbowELL 长半径弯头 Long radius elbowELS 短半径弯头 Short radius elbowMEL 斜接弯头（虾米腰） Mitre elbowREL 异径弯头 Reducing elbowT 三通 TeeLT 斜三通 Lateral teeRT 异径三通 Reducing teeR 异径管接头 Reducer3CR 同心异径管接头 Concentric reducerER 偏心异径管接头 Eccentric reducerCPL 管箍 CouplingFCPL 双头管箍 Full couplingHCPL 单头管箍 Half couplingRCPL 异径管箍 Reducing couplingBU 内外螺纹接头 BushingUN 活接头 UnionHC 软管接头 Hose couplerSE 翻边短节 Stub endNIP 短节 Pipe nipple or straight nipple SNIP 异径短节 Swaged nippleCP 管帽（封头） CapPL 管堵（丝堵） PlugBLK 盲板 BlankSB 8字盲板 Spectacle blind （blank） RP 补强板 Reinforcing pad2.法兰PLG 法兰 FlangeWNF 对焊法兰 Welding neck flangeSOF 平焊法兰 Slip-on flangeSWF 承插焊法兰 Socket-welding flangeT 螺纹法兰 Threaded flangeLJ 松套法兰 Lapped joint flangeREDF 异径法兰 Reducing flangeBF 法兰盖（日法兰） Blind flangeFSF 法兰密封面 Flange scaling faceFF 全平面 Flat faceRF 凸台面 Raised faceMFF 凹凸面 Male and female faceLF 凹面 Female faceLM 凸面 Male faceRJ 环连接面 Ring joint faceTG 榫槽面 Tongue and groove faceTF 榫面 Tongue faceGF 槽面 Groove face3.垫片G 垫片 GasketNMG 非金属垫片 Non-metallic gasketAG 石棉垫片 Asbestos gasket RG 橡胶垫片 Rubber gasketTEG 聚四氟乙烯包复垫片 PTFE envelope gasket8 SMG 半金属垫片 Semimetallic gasketMJG 金属包垫片 Meta-jacket gasketSWG 缠绕式垫片 Spiral wound gasketMG 金属垫片 Metallic gasketFMG 金属平垫片 Flat metallic gasket SMSG 齿形金属垫片 Solid metal serrated gasket LER 透镜式金属环垫 Lens ring gasketOCR 八角形金属环垫 Octagonal ring gasket OVR 椭圆形金属环垫 Oval ring gasketIR/OR 内外定位环 Inner ring and outer ring IR 内定位环 Inner ringOR 外定位环 Outer ring4.紧固件B 螺栓 BoltSB 螺柱 Stud boltNU 螺母 NutTB 花蓝螺母 TurnbuckleWSR 垫圈 WasherSWSR 弹簧垫圈 Spring washer5.阀门GV 闸阀 Gate valveGLV 截止阀 Globe valveCHV 止回阀 Check valveBUV 蝶阀 Butterfly valveBAV 球阀 Ball valvePV 旋塞阀 Plug valve （cock）CV 调节阀 Control valveSV 安全阀 Safety valveRV 减压阀 Pressure reducing valve ST 蒸汽疏水阀 Steam trapPRV 泄压阀 Pressure relief valveBV 呼吸阀 Breather valveNV 针形阀 Needle valveAV 角阀 Angle valveDV 隔膜阀 Diaphragm valveTWV 三通阀 Three-way valveSGV 插板阀 Sluice damper6.管道上的设备SPR 气液分离器 SeparatorFA 阻火器 Flame arresterSR 过滤器 StrainerSRY Y型过滤器 Y-type strainerSRT T型过滤器 T-type strainerSRB 桶式过滤器 Bucket type strainerTSR 临时过滤器 Temporary strainerSIL 消声器 SilencerSG 视镜 Slight glassSC 取样冷却器 Sample coolerDF 排液漏斗 Drain funnelLM 管道混合器 Line mixerRO 限流孔板 Restriction orificeMO 混合孔板 Mixing orificeRD 爆破片（爆破膜） Rupture diskEJ 补偿器 Expansion joint7.隔热、伴热INS 隔热 Thermal insulationH 保温 Hot insulationC 保冷 Cold insulationP 防烫伤隔热 Personnel protection insulationT&I 伴热 Tracing and insulation管道伴热（冷） TracingEST 蒸汽外伴热 External steam tracingIST 蒸汽内伴热 Internal steam tracingSJT 蒸汽夹套伴热 Steam-jacket tracingET 电伴热 Electric tracing8.配管材料和等级M 金属材料 Metallic materialCS 碳钢 Carbon steelCAS铸钢 Cast steelFS 锻钢 Forged steelAS 合金钢 Alloy steelSS 不锈钢 Stainless steelAUST SS 奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless-steelCI 铸铁 Cast ironMI 可锻铸铁 Malleable ironDI 球墨铸铁 Ductile ironAL 铝 AluminumBRS 黄铜 BrassBRZ 青铜 BronzeCU 紫铜 CopperLAS 低合金钢 Low alloy steelFLAS 低合金锻钢 Forged low alloy steelCLAS 低合金铸钢 Cast low alloy steelTHK 壁厚 ThicknessSCH 表号 Schedule numberSTD 标准 StandardXS 加强 Extra strongXXS 特强 Double extra strong9.布局布置CN 建北 Construction northE 东 EastW 西 WestS 南 SouthN 北 NorthH 水平 HorizontalV 竖直、铅直、直立 Vertical1GRD 地坪 GroundUG 地下 UndergroundBL 装置边界线 Battery limit lineESEW 事故沐浴洗眼器 Emergency shower and eye washer HS 软管站 Hose stationML 接续分界线 Match linePS 管道支架（管架） Piping supportPR 管桥 Pipe rackSTRU 构架（构筑物） StructureBLDG 建筑物 BuildingPD 清扫设施 Purge devicePT 池 PitSHLT 棚 ShelterCOFF 围堰 CofferdamFL 楼板 FloorPF 平台 Platform10.尺寸标注EL 标高 ElevationBOP 管底 Bottom of pipeCOP 管中心 Center of pipeTOP 管顶 Top of pipeFOB 底平 Flat on bottomFOT 顶平 Flat on topCL （屯）中心线 Center lineTL 切线 Tangent lineSYM 对称的 SymmetricalBOS 支架底 Bottom of supportTOS 支架顶 Top of supportCL 净距（净空） ClearanceCTC 中心至中心 Center to centerCTF 中心至面 Center to faceCTE 中心至端部 Center to endETE 端到端 End to endFEF 法兰端面 Flange and faceFTF 面到面 Face to faceD 直径 DiameterDN 公称直径 Nominal diameterID 内径 Inside diameterOD 外径 Outside diameterDIM 尺寸 DimensionMAX 最大 MaximumMIN 最小 MinimumAVG 平均 AverageAPP 约、近似 ApproximatePT.EL 点标高 Point elevation11.图表PFD 工艺流程图 Process flow diagramPID 管道和仪表流程图 Piping & instrument diagram COD 接续图 Continued on drawingDTL 详图 DetailSPDWG（ISODWG）管段图 Spool drawing（each line isometric drawing） DWGNO 图号 Drawing numberDWGI 所在图号 Drawing identificationLOW 材料表 List of materialMTO 汇料 Material take-offAPPX 附录 AppendixJOB. No. 工号 Job NumberBEDD 基础工程设计数据 Basic engineering design data DEDD 详细工程设计数据 Detail engineering design data REV. No. 修改号 Recision numberREF DWG 参考图 Reference drawingSC 采样接口 Sample connection12.操作方式及工作参数AUT 自动 AutomaticML 手动 Manual controlCHOP 链条操作 Chain operatedCSC 铅封关 Car seal closeCSO 铅封开 Car seal openLC 锁闭 Lock closedLO 锁开 Lock openNC 正常关 Normally closeNO 正常开 Normally openATM 大气压 AtmospherePN 公称压力 Nominal pressurePA 绝压 Absolute pressurePG 表压 Gage pressureT 温度 TemperatureP 压力 Pressure13施工W 焊接 WeldingAW 电弧焊 Arc weldingGSAW 气体保护电弧焊 Gas shielded-acr weldingEFW 电熔焊 Elecric fusion weldingERW 电阻焊 Electric Resistance weldingGW 气焊 Gas weldingLW 搭接焊 Lap weldingBW 对焊 Butt weldingTW 定位焊 Tack weldingSW 承插焊 Socket weldingCW 连续焊 Continuous weldingSEW 密封焊 Seal weldingSFG 堆焊 SurfacingFW 现场焊接 Field weldingHT 热处理 Heat treatmentPH 预热 PreheatingSR 应力消除 Stress reliefPWHT 焊后热处理 Post weld heat treatmentEIT 检查、探伤和实验 Examination, inspection & testing VE 外观检查 Visual examinationUI （UT）超声探伤 Ultrasonic inspection （test）RI （RT）射线探伤 Radiographic inspection （test） MPI （MT）磁粉探伤 Magnetic particle inspection （test）LPI （PT）液体渗透检验 Liquid penetrate inspection （test）HADT 硬度实验 Hardness testingHYDT 水压实验 Hydraulic testing PNET 气压实验 Pneumatic testingCE 焊条 Covered electrodeWW 焊丝 Welding wireASSY 装配、组合 AssemblyF 现场 FieldF/F 现场制造 Field fabricatedSF 现场决定 Suit in fieldCSP 冷紧 Cold springBCT 螺栓冷紧 Bolt cold tighteningBHY 螺栓热紧 Bolt hot tighteningCO 清洗口 Clean outANNY 退火 AnnealedPE 平端面 Plain endBE 坡口端 Bevelled endTHR 螺纹 ThreadHB 布氏硬度 Brinell hardnessRC 洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness14.其他FDN 基础 FoundationINF 信息（资料） InformationREF 参考 ReferenceREV 修改 RevisionSEQ 序号（顺序） SequenceW/E 设备带来 With equipmentW/I 仪表带来 With instrumentCM 色标 Colour markCA 腐蚀裕度 Corrosion allowanceUTL 公用系统 UtilityUC 公用工程接头 Utility connectionQTY 数量 QuantityWT 重量 WeightMHR 工时 Man hourBC 螺栓分布圆 Bolt circleHP 高点 High pointLP 低点 Low pointSUC 吸入（口） SuctionDIS 排出（口） DischargeSO 蒸气吹扫（口） Steam outNPT 美国标准锥管螺纹 National standard taper pipe thread NPS 美国标准直管螺纹 National standard straight pipethreadDR 排液 DrainVT 放气 VentRTG （压力）等级 RatingCL 等级 ClassSMLS 无缝 Seamless。

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S—A13 —96 第 1 页共14 页1 编制目的为了在工程设计文件中正确使用英文缩写词和理解英文缩写词表达的涵义特编制本文件。

2 适用范围英文缩写词可以在英文注释的给排水专业图纸和设计文件中使用。

用中文注释的图纸和设计文件除特殊情况外, 一般不采用。

在绘制工程设计图纸时, 英文缩写词一律采用大写字母。

3 给排水专业英文缩写词3.1 配管另部件类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.1.1P Pipe管子3.1.2EL Elbow弯头3.1.3MEL Mitre elbow虾米腰弯头3.1.4REL Reducing elbow导径弯头3.1.5T Tee三通3.1.6LT Lateral tee斜三通3.1.7RT Reducing tee导径三通3.1.8R Reducer导径管（大小头）3.1.9CR Concentric reducer同心异径管（同心大小头）3.1.10ER Eccentric reducer偏心异径管（偏心大小头）3.1.11CPL Coupling管箍3.1.12ECPL Full coupling双头管箍3.1.13HCPL Half coupling单头管箍3.1.14RCPL Reducing coupling异径管箍S—A13 —96 第 2 页共14 页3.1.15BU Bushing内外螺纹接头3.1.16UN Union活接头3.1.17HC Hose coupler软管接头3.1.18NIP Nipple短节3.1.19CP Cap管帽（封头）3.1.20PL Plug管堵（丝堵）3.1.21BLK Blank盲板3.1.22SB Spectacle blank(blind)8字盲板3.1.23MH Metallic hose金属软管3.1.24RP Reinforcing pad补强板3.1.25FLG Flange法兰3.1.26WNF Welding neck flange对焊法兰3.1.27SOF Slip-on flange平焊法兰3.1.28SWF Socket welding flange承插焊法兰3.1.29THR Threaded螺纹3.1.30REDF Reducing(flange)异径（法兰）3.1.31BF Blind flange法兰盖（盲法兰）3.1.32FSF Flange sealing face法兰密封面3.1.33FF Flat face全平面3.1.34RF Raised face凸台面3.1.35MFF Male and female face凹凸面3.1.36MF Male face凸面3.1.37TGF Tongue and groove face榫槽面3.1.38TF Tongue face榫面3.1.39GF Groove face槽面3.1.40G Gasket垫片3.1.41NMG Non-metalic gasket非金属垫片3.1.42AG Asbestos gasket石棉垫片3.1.43RG Rubber gasket橡胶垫片3.1.44MG Metallic gasket金属垫片3.1.45B Bolt螺栓3.1.46SB Stud bolt螺柱3.1.47NU Nut螺母3.1.48TB Turnbuckle花篮螺母3.1.49WSR Washer垫圈3.1.50SWSR Spring washer弹簧垫圈3.1.51GV Gate valve闸阀3.1.52GLV Globe valve截止阀3.1.53CHV Check valve止回阀3.1.54BUV Butterfly valve蝶阀3.1.55BAV Ball valve球阀3.1.56PV Plug valve(cock)旋塞阀3.1.57CV Control valve调节阀3.1.58SV Safety valve安全阀3.1.59PRV Pressure reducing valve减压阀3.1.60ST Steam trap疏水阀3.1.61RV Relief valve泄压阀3.1.62BV Breather valve呼吸阀3.1.63NV Needle valve针形阀3.1.64DV Diaphragm valve隔膜阀3.1.65AV Angle valve角阀3.1.66TWV 3.Way valve三通阀3.1.67SGV Socket gate valve插板阀3.1.68SR Strainer过滤器3.1.69SRY Y-type strainer Y型过滤器3.1.70SRT T-type strainer T型过滤器3.1.71SPR Separator分离器3.1.72FA Flame arrester阻火器3.1.73SIL Silencer消声器3.1.74SG Sight glass视镜S—A13 —96 第 5 页共14 页Sample cooler Drain funner Restriction orifice Expansion joint Thermal insulation Hot insulation Cold insulationDuctile ironCarbon steelCast steelForged steelAlloy steelStainless steel AluminiumBrassBronzeCopperThicknessStandardExtra strongDouble extra strong取样冷却器排液漏斗限流孔板补偿器（膨胀节）隔热保温保冷伴热（冷）蒸汽外伴热蒸汽内伴热蒸汽夹套伴热电伴热金属材料铸铁可锻铸铁球墨铸铁碳钢铸钢锻钢合金钢不锈钢铝黄铜青铜紫铜壁厚标准加强特强3.1.75 SC 3.1.76 DF 3.1.77 RO 3.1.78 EJ 3.1.79 INS 3.1.80 HINS 3.1.81 CINS3.1.82 T3.1.83 EST 3.1.84 IST 3.1.85 SJT 3.1.86 ET 3.1.87 M 3.1.88 CI 3.1.89 MI 3.1.90 DI 3.1.91 CS 3.1.92 CAS 3.1.93 FS 3.1.94 AS 3.1.95 SS 3.1.96 AL 3.1.97 BRS 3.1.98 BRZ 3.1.99 CU 3.1.100 THK 3.1.101 STD3.1.102 XS 3.1.103 XXS TracingExternal steam tracing Internal steam tracing Steam-jacket tracing Electric tracing Metallic material Cast iron Malleable iron3.2 装置布置及生产流程类序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.2.1CN Construction north建北3.2.2E Eest东3.2.3W West西3.2.4S South南3.2.5N North北3.2.6H Horizontal水平3.2.7V Vertical竖直、铅直、直立3.2.8GRD Ground地坪3.2.9UG Underground地下3.2.10BL Battery limit装置边界线（界区线）3.2.11ES Emergency shower事故淋浴器3.2.12EW Eye washer事故洗眼器3.2.13HS Hose station软管站3.2.14PS Piping support管架3.2.15PR Piping rack管廊3.2.16STRU Structure构架（构筑物）3.2.17BLDG Building建筑物3.2.18SHEL Shelter棚3.2.19COFF Cofferdam围堰3.2.20FL Floor楼板3.2.21PF Platform平台3.2.22EL Elevation标高3.2.23BOP Bottom of pipe管底3.2.24COP Center of pipe管中心3.2.25TOP Top of pipe管顶3.2.26FOB Flat on bottom底平3.2.27FOT Flat on top顶平3.2.28CL Center line中心线3.2.29TL Tangent line切线3.2.30BOS Bottom of support支架底3.2.31TOS Top of support支架顶3.2.32TOB Top of beam梁顶3.2.33BOB Bottom of boam梁底3.2.34CL Clearance净距（净空）3.2.35CTC Center to center中心至中心3.2.36CTF Center to face中心至面3.2.37CTE Center to end中心至端部3.2.38ETE End to end端到端3.2.39D Diameter直径3.2.40DN Nominal diameter公称直径3.2.41ID Inside diameter内径3.2.42OD Outside diameter外径3.2.43DIM Dimension尺寸3.2.44MAX Maximum最大3.2.45MIN Minimum最小3.2.46AVG Average平均3.2.47APP Approximate约, 近似3.2.48PFD Process flow diagram工艺流程图3.2.49PID Piping & instrument管道和仪表流程图diagram3.2.50COD⋯Continued on drawing⋯接至图⋯3.2.51DTL Detail详图3.2.52SP Spool drawing管段图(Isometric drawing)单管图（空视图）3.2.53DWG.NO Drawing number图号3.2.54LOM List of material材料表3.2.55APPX Appendix附录3.2.56JOB.NO Job Number工号（项目号）基础工程设计数据3.2.57BEDD Basic engineeringdesign data3.2.58DEDD Detail engineering详细工程设计数据design data3.2.59REV.NO Revision number修改号3.2.60REF.DWG Reference drawing参考图3.2.61AUTO Automatic自动3.2.62MNL Manual手动3.2.63LC Lock close锁闭3.2.64LO Lock open锁开3.2.65NC Normally close正常关3.2.66NO Normally open正常开3.2.67ATM Atmosphere大气（压）3.2.68PN Nominal pressure公称压力3.2.69TEMP(T) Temperature温度3.2.70PRESS(P) Pressure压力3.2.71W Welding焊接3.2.72AW Arc welding电弧焊3.2.73GW Gas welding气焊3.2.74LW Lap welding搭接焊3.2.75BW Butt welding对焊3.2.76SW Socket welding承插焊3.2.77FW Field welding现场焊3.2.78HT Heat treatment热处理3.2.79PH Preheating预热3.2.80SR Stress relief应力消除3.2.81PWHT Post weld heat焊后热处理treatment3.2.82HYDT Hydraulic testing水压试验3.2.83PNET Pneumatic testing气压试验3.2.84CE Covered electrode焊条3.2.85F/F Field faricated现场制造3.2.86REV Revision修改3.2.87CA Corrosion allowance腐蚀裕度3.2.88UTL Utility公用工程3.2.89QTY Quantity数量3.2.90WT Weight重量3.2.91MHR Man hour工时3.2.92HP(HL)High point(Level)高点（高液位）3.2.93LP(LL)Low point(Level)低点（低液位）3.2.94SUC Suction吸入口3.2.95DIS Discharge排出口3.2.96SO Steam out蒸汽吹扫（口）3.2.97DR Drain排液3.2.98VT Vent放气3.2.99RTG Rating压力等级3.2.100CC Chemical clean化学清洗3.2.101SMLS Seamless无缝的3.2.102WELD Welded焊接的3.2.103CO Clean out清洗（口）3.2.104SYM Symmetrical对称的3.2.105UC Utility connection公用工程接头3.2.106FDN Foundation基础3.2.107INF information信息资料3.2.108REF Reference参考3.2.109SEQ Sequence序号（顺序）3.3 有关消防类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.3.1EXP Expansion发泡倍数3.3.2HEF High expansion foam高倍数泡沫3.3.3MEF Medium expansion foam中倍数泡沫3.3.4CON Concentration混合比3.3.5RFA rafe of foam application泡沫供给速率3.3.6ECS Enclosure封闭空间3.3.7FTT foam transit tube导泡筒3.3.8TFHEFES Total flooding of High全淹没式高倍数泡沫灭火系统expansion foamextinguishing system3.3.9LAHMEFES Local application of局部应用式高倍数、中倍数泡High & medium expansion 沫灭火系统foamextinguishing system3.3.10MHMEFES Mobile of high & medium 移动式高倍数、中倍数泡沫expansion foam extinguishing灭火系统system3.3.11TFES Total flooding extinguish全淹没灭火系统-ing system3.3.12PA Protected Area防护区3.3.13CDS Combined distribution组合分配系统system3.3.14FEC Flame extinguishing灭火浓度Concentration3.3.15IT Inhibition time抑制时间3.3.16PRO Pressure relief opening泄压口3.3.17EOA Equivalent orifice area等效孔口面积3.3.18FR Filling ratio充装率3.3.19MF Material factor物质系数3.3.20H Hydrant消火栓3.3.21M Monitor消防水炮3.3.22WSS Water sprinker system水喷淋系统3.3.23WSS Water spray system水喷雾系统3.3.24P.E Portable Extinguisher移动式灭火器3.3.25HFFS Halon Fire Fighting卤代烷灭火系统system3.3.26AC Alternating current交流（电）3.3.27DC Direct current直流（电）3.4 有关工艺循环冷却水系统类3.4.1循环水序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.4.1.1OS Open system敞开式系统3.4.1.2CS Closed system密闭式系统3.4.1.3Ch Chemicals药剂3.4.1.4CHB Count of heterotrophic导养菌数bacteria3.4.1.5SL Slime粘泥3.4.1.6SC Slime content粘泥量3.4.1.7FR Fouling resistance污垢热阻值3.4.1.8CR Corrosion rate腐蚀率3.4.1.9SCV Volumetric content of系统容积system3.4.1.10 CC Cycle of concentration浓缩倍数3.4.1.11 MTC Monitoring coupon监测试片3.4.1.12 PF Prefilming预膜3.4.1.13 IHE Indirect heat exchange间接换热3.4.1.14 SS Side stream旁流水3.4.1.15 PRTC Permitted retention药剂允许停留时间fime of chemicals3.4.1.16 MUW Makeup water补充水3.4.1.17 BDW Blowdown water排污水3.4.1.18 HLI Heat load intensity热流密度3.4.1.19 S.I Saturation Index饱和指数3.4.1.20 L.I Lang elier Index朗格利尔指数3.4.1.21 S.I Stability Index稳定指数3.4.1.22 S.I Scale inhibition阻垢3.4.1.23 CI Corrosion inhibition缓蚀3.4.1.24 OD Oxygen demand需氧量3.4.1.25 BOD Biochemical oxygen生化需氧量demand3.4.1.26 CODcr Chemical oxygen deman 化学需氧量（铬法）3.4.1.27 SS Suspended solid悬浮固体3.4.1.28 M-al M-alkalinity M- 碱度3.4.1.29 Ca-H Ca Hardness钙-硬度3.4.1.30 Mg-H Mg Hardness镁-硬度3.4.1.31 PH PH value PH值3.4.1.32 DO Dissolved oxygen溶解氧3.4.1.33 T.S Total solids总固体3.4.1.34 tr trace痕迹3.4.1.35 T.D.S Total dissolved solid总溶解固体3.4.1.36 TOC Total organic cabon总有机碳3.4.1.37 TOD Total oxygen demand需氧量3.4.1.38 OC Oxygen consumption耗氧量3.4.1.39 NPSH Net positive suction泵的净正吸入压头head3.4.1.40 D dispersant分散剂3.4.1.41 B biocide杀菌剂3.4.1.42 P.A Prefilming agent预膜剂3.4.1.43 S.A Stripping agent剥离剂3.4.1.44 S Surfactant表面活性剂3.4.1.45 DA defoaming agent消泡剂3.4.2 冷却塔序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.4.2.1CT Cooling Tower冷却塔3.4.2.2CTI Cooling Tower Institute冷却塔协会3.4.2.3NOC Number of cooling tower冷却塔格数cells3.4.2.4HWT Hot(or inlet) water进塔热水温度temperature3.4.2.5CWT Cold(or outlet)water（出塔）冷水温度temperature3.4.2.6WBT Wet-bulb temperature湿球温度3.4.2.7DBT Dry-bulb temperature干球温度3.4.2.8TEMP Temperature温度3.4.2.9APP Approach to wet逼近度bulb temperature3.4.2.10 R Cooling range进出塔水温差3.4.2.11 BTU British Termal Unit美国热能单位3.4.2.12 L Water flow rate冷却水流量率3.4.2.13 G Air flow rate空气流率3.4.2.14 L/G ratio Liquid/Gas ratio水/气比3.4.2.15 C.F.Tower Counter flow cooling 逆流塔Tower3.4.2.16 CRFTower Cross-flow cooling 横流塔Tower3.5 给排水主要管线类序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.5.1DW Drinking water supply piping生活给水管道3.5.2PW Production water supply生产给水管道piping3.5.3RW Raw water piping原水管道3.5.4CW Cooling water supply piping冷却水给水管道3.5.5CR Cooling water return piping冷却水回水管道3.5.6GW Ground water piping地下水管道3.5.7FW Fire fighting water piping消防给水管道3.5.8HFW High-pressure fire fighting高压消防给水管道water piping3.5.9LFW Low-pressure fire fighting低压消防给水管道water piping3.5.10DS Domestic sewage piping生活污水管道3.5.11PS Production sewage piping生产污水管道3.5.12OS Oily sewage piping含油污水管道3.5.13RS Rain water sewage piping雨水管道3.5.14AS Acid sewage piping酸性污水管道3.5.15AI Alkaline sewage piping碱性污水管道3.5.16NS Non-polluted sewage piping清净废水管道3.6 常用缩写词类:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.6.1abbr abbreviated 简写（称）的，缩写3.6.2abs absolute绝对的3.6.3abt about大约3.6.4EL Elevation标高3.6.5approx approximately近似的3.6.6appx appendix附录3.6.7aq aqua水，水溶液3.6.8assn Association协会3.6.9aux auxiliary辅助的3.6.10avg average平均的3.6.11bal balance平衡、量度、余数3.6.12Co company公司3.6.13Conc Concentration浓度3.6.14Comp Compound化合物3.6.15eff efficiency效率3.6.16n, weight净重3.6.17Pr Pressure压力3.6.18qr quarter四分之一3.6.19r radius半径3.6.20s.h.p shaft horse power轴马力3.7 常见机构缩写:序号缩写词英文名称中文名称3.7.1 A.C.S American Chemical Society美国化学学会3.7.2 A.E.S.C American Engineering美国工程标准委员会standard Committe3.7.3 A.P.I American petroleum Institute美国石油协会3.7.4 A.S.A American Standard美国标准协会Association3.7.5 A.S.C.E American Society cf civil美国土木工程师学会Engineers3.7.6 A.S.M.E American Society of Mech美国机械工程师学会anical Engineers3.7.7NFPA National Fire Protection国家防火协会Association3.7.8WPCF Water pollution Control美国水污染控制联合会Federation3.7.9CTI Cooling Tower Institute美国冷却塔协会最新文件仅供参考已改成word 文本。