PID控制器设计及仿真

PID控制器设计及仿真

摘要

温度控制对于工业生产以及科学研究都具有重要意义，当前我国科技技术还不太成熟，温度控制领域大多使用传统控制方式为主，该方法精度不高，容易造成系统不稳定，给控制系统带来了很大的困难，正是在上述背景下，本文以电锅炉为研究对象详细分析其温度控制策略。

本文主要针对电锅炉控制方法进行了深入探讨，首先分析的是PID控制策略，该方法的主要运行机理是温度偏差环节通过比例、积分和微分等线性组合从而构成控制部分，完成对电锅炉的控制；由于经典PID控制存在的缺陷，本文加入了补偿器，如Simith预估器、Ziegler-Nichols，并通过Simulink进行了仿真分析，实验结果表示虽然超调量和调节时间下降，但是系统却出现了问题误差，因此本文深入分析了模糊控制理论，将PID控制方法与模糊控制相结合。设计的模糊PID控制策略，通过Simulink的 Fuzzy逻辑箱完成了对电锅炉的稳定控制，仿真实验结果表明，实验的模糊PID控制策略能够较好的达到电锅炉的稳定控制目标，因此是一种较为理想的控制策略。

关键词：电锅炉；温度控制；模糊PID控制；仿真分析

Abstract

Temperature control is of great significance for industrial production and scientific research, the current our country science and technology also is not very mature, the temperature control field are mostly using traditional control method is given priority to, the accuracy is not high, easy to cause system instability, the control system to bring very great difficulty, it is under the above background, taking electric boiler as the research object, this paper has a detailed analysis of the temperature control strategy.

This paper focuses on the electric boiler control method has carried on the deep discussion and the analysis of the first is the PID control strategy, the main operating mechanism of the method is of temperature deviation by proportion, integral and differential linear combination so as to constitute control part, complete control of the electric boiler; Due to the flaws of the classical PID control, this paper joined the compensator, such as Simith forecast, Ziegler Nichols, and through the Simulink simulation analysis, the results said although the overshoot and adjustment time decreased, but the system has a problem of error, so this paper deeply analyzes the fuzzy control theory, the method of PID control is combined with fuzzy control. Design of Fuzzy PID control strategy, by the Fuzzy logic of the Simulink box has completed the stability control of electric boiler, the simulation results show that the experiment of the Fuzzy PID control strategy can better achieve the stability of the electric boiler control, thus is an ideal control strategy.

Key words：The electric boiler; Temperature control; Fuzzy PID control; The simulation analysis

目录

第1章绪论 0

1.1 本课题研究背景及意义 0

1.2 国内外研究现状 0

第二章被控对象及控制策略研究 (2)

2.1 被控对象分析 (2)

2.2 控制策略研究 (3)

2.2.1 PID 控制基本理论 (3)

2.2.2 模糊控制理论 (5)

第三章 PID控制器设计及仿真分析 (10)

3.1 电锅炉温度控制系统特性 (10)

3.2 控制系统设计仿真研究 (11)

3.2.1 PID控制器设计 (11)

3.2.2 模糊PID控制器设计 (13)

3.2.3 MATLAB仿真分析 (14)

第四章总结 (18)

参考文献 (19)

致谢 (20)