词汇学试题练习02

合集下载

词汇学第一、二章课后习题及答案

词汇学第⼀、⼆章课后习题及答案2012级（1）班Chaper1 The Basic Concepts Of Words and VocabularyI.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. ______is the most important of all characteristics of the basic word stock.A.Productivity Stability C.Collocability D.All national character2. Nonbasic vocabulary includes all of the following except_______ .A.slangB.Anglo-Saxon wordsC.argotsD.neologisms3. According to the origins of the words, English words can be classified into _______ .A.content words and functional wordsB.native words and borrowed wordsC.basic words and dialectal wordsD.loan words and dialectal words4. Borrowings can be divided into________.A.liens, semantic loans, translationloans, denizensB.empty words, notional words, form words, content wordsC.blends, portmanteau words, acronyms, initializesD.derivatives, compounds, converted words and clipped words5. Apart from the characteristics of basic vocabulary, native words have two other features, namely_________.A.Productivity and stabilityB.neutrality in style and high frequency in useC.collectability and polysemyD.formality and arbitrariness6．The word beaver(meaning“girl”)is_______ .A.a dialectal wordB.argotC.an archaismD.slang7. AIDS as a nonbasic word is_______ .A.jargonB.an archaismD.slang8.Form words include the following word classes except_______ .A.conjunctionsB.auxiliariesC.prepositionsD.adjectives9. Vocabulary can refer to the following except_______ .A.the total number of the words in alanguageB.all the words used in a particular historical periodC.all the words of a given dialectD.most words a person knows10.Kimono is a loan word from_______ .A.GermanB.FrenchC.SpanishD.Japanese11. _______ form the mainstream of the basic word stock.A.Anglo-Saxon wordsB. FrenchwordsC.Danish words/doc/1d9c52e36bdc5022aaea998fcc22bcd126ff42e8.html tin words12.Black humor is_______ .A.a translation loanB.a semantic loanC.a denizenD.an alien13.Pronouns and numerals are semantically_______ and have limited_______ .A.polysemous;use and stabilityB.monosemous;collocability and stabilityC.polysemous;use and productivityD.monosemous;productivity andcollectability14.Indigestion is_______ .A.jargonB.slangD.an archaism15.By_______ ,words fall into functional words and content words./doc/1d9c52e36bdc5022aaea998fcc22bcd126ff42e8.html e frequencyB.notionC.originD.word formation16. The symbolic connection between sound and meaning is almost always_______ .A.motivatedB.arbitraryC.logicalD.unconventional17. _______ are loan words that have become assimilated in English.A.DenizensB.Semantic loansC.Translation loansD.Aliens18.Smoky, which means “police”,is a(n) _______ word.A.slangB.argotC.loanD.jargon19. Wherein which means “in what”is a(n)word. _______A.slangB.archaicC.functionalD.dialectal20.The difference between sound and form due to all the following except _______.A.more phonemes than lettersB. stabilization of spelling by printingC.change of spelling by early scribesD.development of pronunciation/doc/1d9c52e36bdc5022aaea998fcc22bcd126ff42e8.html plete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book1. Lexicology is a branch of linguisticsstudying the origins and_______ of words .2. A word is a minimal free form of language that has a given sound, meaning and_______ function.3. In spite of the differences between sound and form,at least_______ percent of the English words fit consistent spelling patterns4.All the words in language make up its_______ .5.The_______ word stock is the foundations of the vocabulary accumulated over centuries and form the common core of the language.6.By_______ ,begin is a native word.7. _______ vocabulary include cant,jargon and argot.8. There is no_______ relationship between the sound which stands for a thing or an idea and the actual thing and idea itself.9. _______ are the basic units of sentences.10. Early borrowings are mostly_______ whereas later loan words remain foreign in sound and spelling.III.Decide whether the following statements are true or false( )1.A word can be defined in different ways from different points of view. ( )2.Under no circumstances can sound and meaning be intrinsically related. ( )3.The introduction of printing press resulted in a lot more differences between sound and form.( )4.The words a person can use in speaking and writing form his active vocabulary.( )5.The principles by which to classify words are usage, notion and origin. ( )6.Native words are more popular than foreign words.( )7.Native words enjoy the same features as the basic word stock and more. ( )8.audl(meaning “old”)is an instance of archaism.( )9.Kowtow is a loan word known as an alien.( )10.Long time no see is a case of translation loan.IV.Give a term for each of the following definitions.1.Sub-standard words often used on informal occasions.( )2.Specialized vocabulary common in certain professions.( )3.Words used by sub-culturegroups, particularly by understood society.( )4.Words that have clear notions.( )5.Words of Anglo-Saxon origin.( )6.Words borrowed by way of translation. ( )7.Old words with new meanings.( )8.Words which have become assimilated.( )9.Native forms whose meanings are borrowed.( )10.Words essential to native speakers’ daily communication.( )V.Answer the following questions .Your answers should be clear and short.1.What is the relationship between sound and meaning?2.Why are there so many differences between sound and form?3.What are the criteria for classification of words?4.What are the characteristics of the basic word and word stock?I.1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.A 13.D 14.C15.B 16.B 17.A 18.A 19.B 20.DII.1.meanings 2.syntaitic 3.80(eighty) 4.vocabulary 5.basic 6.origin 7.Nonbaic 8.logical 9.Words 10assimilatedII I.1.T 2. F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.F 7.T 8.F 9.T 10.TIV.1.slang 2.jargon3.argot 4.content words 5.native words 6.translation loans 7.neologisms 8.denizens 9.semantic loan 10.basic word stockV.1.The relationship is almost always arbitrary and conventional ana there is nological connection between sound and meaning.2.There are four major reasons.(1)The internal reason:the English alphabet wasadopted from the Romans,which have more phonemes than letters,so there is nota separate letter to represent each sound.(2)Pronunciation has changed morerapidly than spelling.(3)The spelling forms were changed by the early scribes to make theeir writing more recognizable.(4)Borrowing.3.There are mainly there criteria for classification.Words may fall into:the basicword stock and nonbasic vocabulary by use frequency;content words and functional words by notion;native words and borrowed words by prigin.4.The basic word stock has five charecteristic:(1)all nationalcharacter,(2)stability,(3)productivi-ty,(4)polysemy,(5)productivity.Chapter2 The Development Of the English VocabularyI.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1.It is assumed that the world has 3000 languages, which can be grouped intoroughly_______ language families on the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A.200B.300C.400D.5002. The following languages all belong to the Eastern set except_______ .A.Balto-SlavicB.Indo-IranianC.ArmenianD.Italic3. In the Eastern set,Armenian and_______ are the sole modern languages in the two respective families.A.Albanian4.Which language does not belong to the Italic?A.Portuguese.B.SpanishC.WelshD.French5.The early inhabitants of the British Isles spoke_______ .A.EnglishB.CelticC.ScandinavianD.Hellenic6.The Germanic speakers took permanent control of the land that was later called_______ (the land of Angles).A.GermanB.GreeceC.EnglandD.American7.Old English has a vocabulary of about 50000 to 60000 words,which is entirely Germanic with only a few borrowings from_______ and Scandinavian./doc/1d9c52e36bdc5022aaea998fcc22bcd126ff42e8.html tinB.GreekC.CelticD.French8.The influx of French words into English did not occur until after_______ .A.1200B.1300C.1400D.15009.In the Middle English period,the three main dialects of the land were Northern, _______ and Midland.A.EasternB.WesternC.SouthernD.Oriental10. _______ is the chief ancestor of Modern English,not Southern.A.Eastern11.The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of_______ words into English./doc/1d9c52e36bdc5022aaea998fcc22bcd126ff42e8.html tinB.GreekC.DanishD.French12.Middle is an_______ dialect,as its name implies, and intelligible to Northerner and Southerners alike.A.middleB.intermediateC.interchangeableD.internal13.The number of_______ words that poured into English was unbelievably great and covered every realm of culture and society in the Middle English period.A.FrenchB.German/doc/1d9c52e36bdc5022aaea998fcc22bcd126ff42e8.html tinD.Russian14.Before English regained social status in Middle English period,those imposer spoke French;those who were literate read and wrote _______ ;those who could educate their children taught them in _______ ;and any young man who sought to earn his living as a scribe learned_______ or_______ ./doc/1d9c52e36bdc5022aaea998fcc22bcd126ff42e8.html tin;French;Latin;FrenchB.French;French;French;EnglishC.French;French;Latin;FrenchD.Greek;French;Greek;French15.In the early period of modern English,Europe saw a new upsurge in learning ancient Greek and Roman classic,which is known in history as the_______ .A.RenewalB.RevivalC.ReboundD.Renaissance16.Since the beginning of the 20th century, particularly after World War II,although borrowing remains channel of English vocabulary expansion,more words are createdby_______ .A.analogyB.word-formation17.The Anglo-Saxon in the Old English period was almost a “_______ ”language,which created new words from its own compound elements with few foreign words.A.uniqueB.fashionC.pureD.old18.As one scholar notes,old English was characterized by “_______ endings”,Middle English by “leveled endings”,and Modern English by “_______ endings”.A.full ;lostB.lost;fullC.full;pureD.pure;lost19.Old English which was a_______ language has evolved to the present_______ language.A.analytic;syntheticB.synthetic;analyticC.agglutinative;analyticD.isolating;synthetic20.Of all the foreign languages from which we have borrowed words,Latin ,Greek,French,and_______ stand out as the major contributors.A.ItalianB.GermanC.DutchD.Scandinavian21.In the Pre-Anglo-Saxon period,the words borrowed naturally from reflected the new experience in_______ and _______ .A.war;economyB.economy;agricultureC.war;shrineD.agriculture22.In the Old English period,borrowings from Latin came in because of the introduction of Christianity,such as, _______ and _______ .A.cook;candleB.shrine;sackC.candle;shrineD.mass;circle23.The_______ centuries were especially prolific in Latin borrowingsunder the influence of Renaissance.A.12th and 13thB.13th and 14thC.14th and15thD.15th and 16th24.Some late borrowings from Latin still retain their Latin forms.which of the following was borrowed in the Modern English period?A.Frustrate B . Focus C.Logic D.Trade25.Which of the following does not come from Greek?A.PianoB.SynonymC.PhilosophyD.Lexicology26.Typhoon is from_______ and tatami is from_______ .A.Chinese;AfricanB.Chinese;JapaneseC.Arabic;TurkishD.Malay;Japanese27.Modern English vocabulary develops through_______ .A.terminology,analogyand borrowingB.creation,semantic and borrowingC.creation,archaisms,and semantic changeD.semantic change,denizens and argot28.Which of the following contemporary English vocabulary is from the rapid growth of science and technology?A.FalloutB.Pant suitC.Black beltD.Mao jackets29.The Scandinavian languages:Norwegian,Swedish,Danish,and Icelandic,constitute the_______ branch of the Germanic group.A.easternB.westernC.northernD.southern30.Reviving archaic or_______ words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary though insignificant.A.obsoleteB.old/doc/1d9c52e36bdc5022aaea998fcc22bcd126ff42e8.html edD.ancientII．Decide whether the following statements are true or false.( )1.English is more closed related to German than French.( )2.Scandinavian languages refer to Icelandic,Norwegian,Danish,and Swedish ( )3.Old English was a highly infected language.( )4.In early Middle English period,English,Latin,and Celtic existed side by side.( )5.The introduction of printing into England marked the beginning of Modern English period.( )6.Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.( )7.The four major foreign contributors to English vocabulary in earlier times are Latin,French,Scandinavian and Italian. ( )8.In modern times,borrowing brings less than percent of modern English vocabulary.( )9.The three major factors that promote the growth of modern English vocabulary are advances in science and technology,influence of foreign cultures and languages. ( )10.The most important mode of vocabulary development in present-day English is creation of new words by means of word-formation.( )11.Old English vocabulary was in essence Germanic with a small quantity of words borrowed from Latin and Scandinavian.( )12.Middle English absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but with little change in word endings.III.Define the following terms.1.the Indo-European Language Family2.Old English3.foreign elements4.creation5.semantic changeIV.Answer following questions.Your answers should be clear and short1.Why did Middle become the chief ancestor of Modern English?2.What are the characteristics of Modern English?3.What are the reasons for the growth of contemporary English vocabulary?4.What are the general characteristics of the world-wide appeal of English?V.Analyze and comment on the following.1.Soft drinks and minerals sold here.Tell what“soft drink” and “mineral” mean respectively and explain w hy they take on those meanings in modern American English.2.“Moon”was originally written as “moan”and the pronuncia tions of the twowords are different,too .Explain the reasons for the change in spelling and pronunciation.AnswersI.1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B6.C7.A8.B9.C 10.D 11.D 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.B 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.D 21.D 22.C 23.C 24.B25.A26.B 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.AII.1.T2.T3.T4.T5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F 10.T 11.T 12.FIII.1.The Indo-European Language Family is made up of most languages of Europe,theNear East,and India.According to the geographical distribution,these languages fall into ten principal groups,belonging to two sets,namely an Eastern set anda Western set.The Eastern set consistsof:Balto-Slavic,Indo-Iranian,AmericanandAlbanian; the Western set comprises:Celtic,Italic, Hellenic, Germanic, Hittite and Tocharian.2.Old English grew out of the Anglo-Saxon,which has a vocabulary of about 50000to 60000 words.The vocabulary is almost monogamous and entirely Geomantic with only a few borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.3.English vocabulary owes most of its words to foreign languages.The words borrowedfrom other languages are known as foreign elements in the English vocabulary.4.Creation refers to the formation of new words by using the existingmaterials,namely roots,affixes and other elements.In modern times,this is the most important way of vocabularyexpansion.5.Semantic change refers to an old form whichtakes on a new meaning to meet thenew need.This does not increase the number of word forms but create many new usage of the existing words.IV.1. There are several reasons:(1)The midland included London,which was then the capital of England,naturally the political,economical and cultural center.(2)Two great writers Wycliffe and Chaucer employed the Midland dialect in their writings.(3)Midland is an intermediate dialect,as its name implies,and intelligible to Northerners and Southerners alike,whereas these speakers could not often understand each other using their own dialects respectively.(4)When Caxton introduced the printing press in 1477, the printerspatronized the Midland dialect, and any English man who wanted to be published had to write in that dialect.2. Modern English has a huge vocabulary of different elements. Most of the words have actually been borrowed from other languages. Word endings are mostly lost with just a few exceptions.3. Generally there are three main sources of new words:the rapid development of modern science andtechnology;social,economic and political changes;the influenceof other cultures and languages.4. The more obvious and striking features are summed up as follows:(1)receptivity, adaptability and heterogeneity;(2)simplicity of inflection(3)relatively fixed word-order.V.1.(1) “soft drink” means “carbonated drinks” and “mineral” means “mineralwater” in present American English.(2)“soft drink” means “non-alcoholic beverage” and “mineral” means “ore”in British English, but these words no longer have such meanings in present British English.(3) American English has revived the old meaning of “soft drink” and that of“mineral”. This is because it is easy to understand and remember.2. (1) “Mona” is an early borrowed word but the original form did not conform to the English way of pronunciation and spelling.(2) In later development, the word became well assimilated into English languages.(3) At present “mona”is written as “moon”, conforming to the English way of pronunciation and spelling.。

词汇学试题及答案

词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的科学，它主要研究的是语言中的（）。

A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的意义C. 词汇的运用D. 词汇的演变答案：A2. 下列哪一项不是词汇学的研究内容？（）A. 词义的演变B. 词义的分类C. 词义的辨析D. 语法规则答案：D3. 词汇学中，词素是指（）。

A. 构成词的基本单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的意义单位答案：A4. 在词汇学中，语义场是指（）。

A. 词义的分类B. 词义的演变C. 词义的辨析D. 一组词义相关的词答案：D5. 词汇学研究中，同义词是指（）。

A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 形式相同的词D. 用法相同的词答案：B6. 下列哪一项不是词汇学中词义的分类？（）A. 抽象意义B. 具体意义C. 语法意义D. 色彩意义答案：C7. 词汇学中，词义的演变通常包括（）。

A. 词义的扩大B. 词义的缩小C. 词义的转移D. 以上都是答案：D8. 词汇学中，词义的辨析主要研究的是（）。

A. 词与词之间的联系B. 词与词之间的差异C. 词与词之间的相似性D. 词与词之间的对立答案：B9. 在词汇学中，词义的模糊性是指（）。

A. 词义的不确定性B. 词义的明确性C. 词义的多重性D. 词义的单一性答案：A10. 词汇学中，词义的多义性是指（）。

A. 一个词有多种意义B. 一个词只有一种意义C. 一个词的意义是固定的D. 一个词的意义是单一的答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学中的词素是指构成词的________。

答案：基本单位2. 语义场是指一组________的词。

答案：词义相关3. 同义词是指意义________的词。

答案：相近4. 词义的演变包括词义的________、________和________。

答案：扩大、缩小、转移5. 词义的辨析主要研究的是词与词之间的________。

英语词汇学第九单元测试题2(附答案)

C9 Test-2I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one thatwould best complete the statement.1. The fixity of idioms depends on .A. idiomaticityB. structureC. grammaticalityD. style2. Idioms are generally felt to be .A. formalB. informalC. casualD. intimate3. In the idiom “ move heaven and earth ”, is used.A. simileB. metonymyC. personificationD. juxtaposition4. A large proportion of idioms were first created by .A. linguistsB. poetsC. working peopleD. ruling class5. Forms and functions of idioms are .A. differentB. identicalC. not necessarily identicalD. not identical at all6. Slang expressions are often peculiar to and varieties.A. stylistic, affectiveB. social, regionalC. professional, culturalD. cultural, social7. The semantic unity of idioms is also reflected in the relationship between the literalmeaning of each word and the meaning of the idiom.A. illogicalB. lexicalC. grammaticalD. logical8. Idioms nominal in nature function as .A. adverbsB. modifiersC. nounsD. adjectives9. In “Fire and water are good servants, but bad masters ”, figure of speech is .A. simileB. personificationC. metonymyD. euphemism10. The tone implied byA. positiveC. neutral “a big cheeseB. interestingD. derogatory”is .II.Decide whether the following are true or false.( )1. Idioms are generally felt to be informal; therefore they are usually inappropriate for formal settings.( )2. The stylistic features of idioms are fixed and unchangeable.( )3. Idioms are peculiar to native culture and language.( )4. The fixity of idioms is absolute.( )5. The idiomaticity is gradable and may best be thought in terms of a scale.( )6. Idioms are fixed in structure and so can never be changed.( )7. Idioms are usually difficult to understand because the meanings of idioms are not in many cases the total of individual words.( )8. All idioms are used in their figurative senses.( )9. Since each idiom is a semantic whole, each can be replaced by a single word. ( )10. Semantic unity and structural stability are general features of idioms, but there are many exceptions.III.Match the words and expressions in Column A with their rhetorical features in ColumnB.Column A Column B1. by hook and crook A. reiteration2. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl B. synecdoche3. play fast and loose C. rhyme4. like a rat in a hole D. personification5. fall into good hands E. hyperbole6. cut the ground from under sb. F. alliteration7. powder one ’s nose G. juxtaposition8. from cradle to grave H. repetition9.push and shove10. year in year out11. The pot calls the kettle black.12. a flood of tears I. euphemism J. metaphorK. simile L. metonymyIV. Identify the types of idiomatic variations in the following expressions.1.talk thirteen to the dozen2.It ’s an ill wind.3.fortune ’s wheel4. “The leopard! But he did change them, Dinny. ”“He did not, Auntie: he had no spots to change. ”5. Thank one’s starsV.Define the following terms.1.semi-idioms2.true idioms3.regular combinations4.sentence idioms5.phrase idiomsVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.1. What is the difference between phraseological fusions and phraselogical unities2. How to understand “structural stability ” o f idioms3. How are idioms classified according to grammatical functionsVII. Analyze and comment on the following.1.Conway would have preferred to talk in Chinese, but so far he had not let it be knownthat he spoke any Eastern tongue; he felt it might be a useful card up his sleeve.Pick out the idiom (or its variation) in the sentence and make comments on it.2.The sudden death of his only child was a bolt from the blue to the old woman.Pick out the idiom in the sentence. Explain its meaning, effect, grammatical structure and functions, and rhetorical features.答案：I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the onethat would best complete the statement.1.AII. Decide whether the following are true or false.2.FIII. Match the words and expression in Column A with their rhetorical features in Column B.1. C2. F 4. K8. L 9. A 10. H 11. DIV. Identify the variation types about idioms involved in the following words and expressions.1.replacement2.shortening3.position-shifting4.dismembering5.deletionV. Define the following terms.1. semi-idiomsSemi-idioms are the idioms whose meanings are in a way related to the meanings of the constituents but are not themselves explicit.2. true idiomsTrue idioms are those whose meaning cannot be deduced from their individual constituents.3. regular combinationsRegular combinations are idioms whose meanings are understood from the literal meaningsof the constituents.4. sentence idiomsSentence idioms are mainly proverbs and sayings, including colloquialisms and catchphrases.Each functions as a sentence.5. phrase idiomsPhrase idioms are lexemic idioms, each of which is identical with a part of speechas noun, verb, adjective, adverb, etc. and functions as such.VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.1.What is the difference between phraseological fusions and phraselogical unitiesPhraseological unities refer to idioms, whose meanings are not the sum of meanings oftheir components but based on them, and thus may be understood from the components.Phraseological fusions are idioms, the meanings of which can never be deduced from the meanings of their constituents.2. What is meant by“structural stability” of idiomsThe structure of an idiom is to a large extent invariable, unlike free phrases. First, theconstituents of idioms cannot be replaced. Secondly, the word order cannot be inverted orchanged. Thirdly, the constituents of an idiom cannot be deleted or added to, not even an article. Finally, many idioms are grammatically unanalysable.3. How are idioms classified according to grammatical functionsAccording to grammatical functions, idioms may be classified into five groups: idioms nominal in nature, idioms adjectival in nature, idioms verbal in nature, idioms adverbial in nature, and sentence idioms.VII. Analyze and comment on the following.1.Conway would have preferred to talk in Chinese, but so far he had not let it be knownthat he spoke any Eastern tongue; he felt it might be a useful card up his sleeve.Pick out the idiom (or its variation) in the sentence and make comments on it.“be a useful card up his sleeve” is a personal variant of“have a card up one’s sleeve”.The variation belongs to the type of dismembering. It is well used here to indicate that Conway is a person of wisdom, knowing how to take the advantage of the situation and manipulate people.2. The sudden death of his only child was a bolt from the blue to the old woman.Pick out the idiom in the sentence. Explain its meaning, effect, grammatical structureand functions, and rhetorical features.(1) The idiom is“a bolt from the blue.”(2)The idiom means a sudden unexpected incident, esp. a catastrophic one.(3)Its effect is to make the sentence concise and forcible.(4) Its grammatical structure is “n + prep + n ”, and it is nominal in nature and servesas the predicative.(5) It is a metaphor.。

词汇学试题及答案

词汇学试题及答案【篇一：词汇学试题】ss=txt>i choose the best answer from the four choices. (30‘)1. the M sll in —drumsll is ___ .a. a free morphemeb.a stemc. a rootd.an inflectional affix2. a word is the combi nation of form and _______ ・a. spellingb. writingc. meaningd. denoting3. trumpet is a(n) _____ motivated word・a. morphologically b semanticallyc. phoneticallyd. etymologicall4. ____ i s a pair of emotive synonyms・a. —dadll and —fatherllb.—flatll and —apartmentllb. c.—meanil and —frugallld.—chargell and —accusell5. the word —Ianguagell is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a person's language.this is called _______ ・a. scientific Ianguageb.idiolectb. c.colloquial language d.formal language6. the meaning of the word fond changed from foolish to affectionate by mode of ______ .a. extensionb. narrowingc. elevationd. degradation7. degradation can be illustrated by the followingexample ____ .b. a. lewd —> ignorant b. silly —> foolishc. c・ Iast —> pleasured・ knave —> boy8. english lexicology embraces morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics and _____ ・a. linguisticsb・ pragmaticsc・ Iexicographyd・ phonology 9. which of the following is incorrect?a —airmailll means —mail by airllb. —reading-lampll means —lamp for readingllc. —green hornil is the horn green in colord. —hopelessll is —without hopeIIlO.which group of the following are perfect homonyms?a. dear (a loved person)—deer (a kind of animal)b. bow (bending the head as a greeting)—bow(the device used forshooting)c. bank(the edge of the river)—bank (an establishment for money business)d. right (correct)—write (put down on paper with a pen)11. the following are the main sources of homonyms excepta. change in meaningb. change in sound c ・change in spelling d. borrowing42. antonyms can be classified into three major groups except ・a. evaluative termsb. contrary termsc. complementary termsd. conversive terms13. —parent/child, husband/wife, predecessor/ successorllarea. contrary termsb. contradictory termsc. conversive terms d・ complementary terms14, _________________________________________ there are2 main process of sense -shift except ______________ .a. radiationb. concatenationc. borrowing45. according to morphology, there are 2 types of classifications except ____ ・a. root antonymsb. derivative antonymsc・ contraries46. there are derivative antonyms except____ ・a pleasant-—unpleasant b. polite---impolitec. war-一antiwar d・ large一一small17. there are complementary antonyms except ___ ・a. child----girlb. single—marriedc. dead-™alived. brother—sister48. there are 3classifications of homonyms except _____ ・a. perfect homonymsb. homographsc. homophonesd. contrary homonyms・19. modern english is derived from the Ianguage of earlytribes.a. greekb. romanc・ italiand. germanic20. the prehistoric indo-europea n pare nt Ian guage is thoughtto be a highly _____ Ianguage・a. inflected b・ derivedc・ developedd・ analyzed4.in modern english one may find some words whose soundssuggest their ____ ・2」exical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _______________ .3. ___ t he meanings of many words often relate directly to their _____ ・ in the words the history of the word explains the meaning of the word・4. part of speech of words, singular and plural meaning of nouns, tense meaning of verbs all belong to _______ meaning.5.1 exicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _______________ of words・6. generally speaking,linguistics is the ______ study ofIan guage ・7. there are two main approaches to study of english lexicology,that is ___ and ____ ・8・“tulip”and “rose”，are ____ of <<flower,,.u flower,,is the superordinate term and u tulip,,,u rose n are the _______ term.8. at the beginning of the fifth century britain was invaded by three tribes from the northern europe:angles, _____ and _____ 9. four group of loanword s ______ , ________ , _____ a n d _______ .iii. put the following words into the appropriate blanks.(4O') flock herd school troop pride1. a __ of cattle2.a ____ o f monkeys3. a __ of lions4.a ___ of sheep5. a __ offishiv. judge whether each of the following statements is true or false.(24. 『elations between meanings of words can be synonymy, antonymy or hyponymy.2. in semantics, meaning of Ianguage is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experie nee.3. grammatical meaning refers to the part of the word-meaning which indicates grammatical concepts・4. the connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary.5. —male/female, present/absentllare contrary terms・v. define the following terms.(2,+4,=6,)1. word2. motivatio nvi. answer the following questions .(6,+6,+8,=20,) 1 ・ what is the d iff ere nee betwee n homonyms and polysemy? how to differentiate them?2. how do linguists divide the history of the english language for analysis?3. discuss some of the characteristics of antonyms.答案1. d.2.c3.c4.c5.b6.c 7b 8.c 9.c 10 c 11.a12. a 13.c 14.c 15.c 16.d 17.a 18.d 19.d 2O.aii.1. meaning2.associated meaning3.origins4.grammatical5. meani ngs6. s cientific7.synchronlc,diachronic 8,hyponymys, superordinate8. sax on s,jutes9. aliens, denizens,translation・loans,semantic borrowings • • •IIIherd troopprideflockschooliv1. t2.f3.t4.f5.tV・1. a word is a minimum free form,that is to say,the smallest form that may appear in isolation・2. motivation acco unts for the conn ection betwee n the linguistic symbol and its meaning.most words can said to benon-motivated.that is,the conn ection of the sign and meaning does not have logical connectionexplanation.neverthelss,english does have words whose meanings can be explained to a certain extent.vi.1 ・ homonyms refer to d iff ere nt words which happe n to share the same form and polysemy refer to the fact that the same word has several distinguishable meanings・ by seeing their etymology, we can distinguish them, i. e. homonyms are from d iff ere nt sources while a polysemy is from the same source which has acquireddifferent meanings in the course of development. the secondprincipal consideration is semantic relatedness・ the various meaning of a polysemy are correlated and connected to do with one another, additionally, In dictionary, a polysemy has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as separate entries・2. three periods in the development of english language (vocabulary)1) old english or anglo-saxon period (449-1100)1 much of the old english vocabulary was borrowed from latin 如bargain, cheap, inch, pound; cup, dish, wall, wine, etc2 old english was a highly in fleeted language .it has a complete system of declensions of words2) middle english period ( 1100-1500 )1 french influence and norman conquest in 1066law and government administration: military affairs> religion、art 2 middle english is becoming from highly inflected language to analytic language3) modern english period (1500-)【篇二：词汇学考试题目】1.in old english there was ______ agreement between sound form.()a moreb. littlec. lessd. gradual2. both Idee and cceld are ______ ・()a. general dictionariesb monolingual dictionariesc. both a and bd. neither a and b3. the word miniskirt is ______ ・()a. morphologically motivatedb etymologically motivatedc. semantically motivatedd. none of the above4. the most important way of vocabulary development in present-dayenglish is _______ ・()a borrowingb. semantic changec. creation of new wordsd. all the above5. beneralization is a process by which a word that originallyhad a specialized meaning has now become ________ ・()a. generalizedb. expandedc. elevatedd・ degraded6. _________________________ some morphemes have as they are realized by morethan one morph according to their position in word.()a. alter native morphsb. single morphsc. abstract unitsd. discrete units7.old english vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from latin and Scandinavian・()a. italicb germanicc. Celticd. hellenica. semanticsb. grammarc. phoneticsd. Iexicology9.if two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called ____________ .()a. repetitionb. alliterationc. rhymed. none of the abovelO.which of the following words is a functional word?()a. oftenb. neverc. althoughd. desk41. _______________________________ rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _____________________________ ・()a. semantic unityb. structural stabilityc. idiomatic variationd. figure of speech12.the advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _________________ .()a. use idioms correctly and appropriatelyb understand idioms correctlyc. remember idioms quicklyd. try a new method of classification13. borrowing as a source of homonymy in english can be illustrated by _______ .()a. long (not short)b. ball (a dancing party)c. rock (rocknroll)d. ad (advertisement)14. the change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors except _______ .()a. the influx of borrowingb. repetitionc. analogyd ・ shortening15. w hich of the following is not a comp orient of linguistic context?()a. words and phrases ・b. sentencesc. text or passaged. time and placeii. match the words or expressions in column a with those in column b according to 1 )types of meaning changes; 2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context. (10%)16. seandinavian ( ) l (place where things are made) 22. participants ( ) g.determined23. difference in denotation ( ) h.pigheaded24. appreciative ( ) i.non-linguistic25. pejorative ( ) j.iron (a device for smoothing clothes)iii. study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2) types of word formation or prefixes. (20%))17. germanic () 18. extension () 49.narrowing () 21. ambiguity () b. grammaticalc.d ouble meaning d.s wedish f. dutch27. mote I ()()29. blueprint ()30. preliminaries ()31. southward ()32. demilitarize ()33. hypersensitive ()34. retell ()35. multi-purposes ()iv. define the following terms. (10%)36. acr onymy37. native words38. elevatio n39. stylistic meaning40. monolingral dictionaryV・answer the following questions. your answers should the clear and short・ write your answers in the space given below・(10%)41 ・how many types of motivation are there in english? give one example for each type・42. what are the major sources of english synonyms? illustrate your points・Vl.analyze and comment on the following. write your answers in the space given below・(20%)43. a nalyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.recollection, nationalist, unearthly英语词汇学试题参考答案I. (30%)1. a2.c3.a4.c5.a6.a7.b8.d9.b 10.c 11.d 12.a 13.b 14.b 15.d II. (10%)16. d17. f18. a19. j20. b21. c22.i23. e24. g25. hm.(2o%)26. bound root27. (head+tail) blending28.inflectional affix/morpheme30. full conversion31. derivational suffix32. derivation33. prefix of degree34. derivational prefix35. number prefixIV. (10%)36. the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms・37. n ative words, also known as anglo-saxon words, are words brought to britian in the 5th century by the germanic tribes・38. the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importanee.39. the distinctlve stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.40. a dictio nary writte n in one language, or a dicti on ary in which entries are defined in the same Ianguage.V. (10%)41. there are four types of motivation:1) onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.2) morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.3) semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.4) etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.42. key points:borrowing; dialects and regional english; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidenee with idiomatic expressions.VL(20%)43.1) each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection (re+collect+ion) ,nationalist(nation+al+ist) ,unearthly (un+earth+ly).2) of the nine morphemes, only collect,nation and earth are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves・3) all the rest re-,-ion，-al,-ist,un・ and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words・【篇三：英语词汇学试题】write the terms in the blanks according to the definitions・(20 points)4. a minimal meaningful unit of a language ()2. one of the variants that realize a morpheme ()3. a morpheme that occurs with at least one other morpheme ()4. a morpheme that can stand alone ()5. a morpheme attached to a stem alone ()6. an affix that indicates grammatical relations ()7. an affix that forms new words with a stem or root ()8. what remains of a word after the removal of all affixes ()9. a form to which affixes of any kind can be added ()40. the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words () ii. form negatives pf each of the following words by using one of these prefixes dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, non・，un-. (40 points) smoker capablepractical obey security relevant mature ability officially willingnesslegal agreement logicalloyal convenientathleic moral regularhonest likeiii. decide whether the following statements are true or false・ (20 points)english is more closely related to german than french.2. old english was a highly inflected Ianguage・3. middle english absorbed a tremendous number of foreign words but withlittle change in word endings・4. conversions refers to the use of words of one class as that of a different class・5. words mainly invoIved in conversation are nouns, verbs, and adverbs.6. motivation explains why a particular form has a particular meaning ・7. unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstableandin determinate.8. perfect homonyms share the same spelling and pronounciation ・9. contradictory terms do not show degrees・10. antonyms should be opposites of similar intensity.iv. study the sentences below and give and antonyms to the word in bold type in each context. (20 points)4. the discussion enabled them to have a clear idea of the nature of the problem.2. they are faced with clear alter natives ・3. his grandfather's mind was not clear during the time he made the will.4. i'd like to get a clear plastic bag to carry this・5. wash the substances with clear cold water.6. the singefs voice remai ned pure and clear throughout the eveni ng.7. all colors were clear, the river below her was brilliant blue・8. her eyes behind the huge spectacles are clear andun troubled ・9. now that Pve told her everyth!ng, i can leave with a clear con scie nee.10. he is a shortish man of clear complexion.参考答案英语词汇学i. 1.morpheme 2. allomorph 3. bound morpheme 4. free morpheme 5. affix6. inflectional affix7. derivational affix8. root9. stem 10. etymology11. n onsmoker, in capable, impractical, discovery, insecurity, irrelevant, immature,inability/disability, unofficially, unwillingness, illegal, disagreeme nt, illogical, disloyal, inco nv enient, non athletic, immoral, irregular, dishonest, dislikeiii. l.t 2.t 3.f 4.t 5.f 6.t 7.t 8.t 9.t 10.tiv. 1. confusing 2. ambiguous 3. muddled 4. opaque 5. dirty6. harsh7. dull8. shifty9. guiltylO. blemished。

lexicology2词汇学练习及答案

Test of Lexicology 2I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.1. Which words belong to the functional words ( A )A. prepositions, auxiliaries, conjunctionsB. articles, adjectives, pronounsC. adverbs, conjunctions, nounsD. prepositions, auxiliaries, verbs2. ___ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.（ C ）A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds3. A morpheme that can stand alone as a word is thought to be( C ). A．affixational B．derivational C．free D．bound4. A monomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single ( C ) morpheme.A. formalB. concreteC. freeD. bound5. Which of the following is NOT true ( B )A. A word is a soundunityB. A word has a given meaningC. A word is the smallest form of a languageD. A word can be used freely in a sentence6. The following words have derivational affixes Except________.( D )A.subseaB. prewarC.postwarD. desks7. Which of the following is not a compound ( B )A. swimming poolB. king-heartedC. greenhouseD. International8. The suffix “-tion” is a ____ suffix. ( D )A.adjectiveB. verbC.adverbD. noun9. From the sentenc es “Hand in your papers.” and “She papered the room green.”, we can see such a means of word formation as________. ( C )A.affixationB. compoundingC.conversionD. acronymy10. “mis-“ in “misunderstand” is a ____________ prefix. ( C )A．negative B. pejorative C. reversative D. locative11. Which of the following is not a major word-formation process ( D )A. CompoundingB. DerivationC. ConversionD. Coinage12. “Anti-” in “antihero” means______. ( A )A. “against”B. “unconventional”C. “of or belonging to the hypothetical world of antimatter”D. “not”13. “-able” in “fashionable” is a(an) _____ suffix. ( D )A. denominalB. deadjectivalC. deverbalD. noun-formingII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions.1. According to the functions of affixes, we can put them into two groups: inflectional and ____derivational______affixes.2. Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and ___affixes______.3. Words may fall into ___content _____words and functional words by notion.4. Generally, prefixes only modify the ___lexical meaning_____of the stem.5. Sometimes a word may undergo ____multiple______ conversion, which enables it to function as a member of several word-classes.6. Affixation can be subdivided into ____prefixation_________ and ____suffixation________.III. Term explanationpounding Compounding is a word-formation progress consisting ofjoining two or more bases to form a new unit, a compound word.2.Derivation Derivation is generally defined as word-formationprocess by which new words are created by adding a prefix, or suffix, or both, to the base. Derivation may be defined as process of forming new words by the additional of word element, such as prefix, suffix or combining form, to an already existing word.3.Conversion Conversion is a word formation process whereby a word ofa certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-classwithout the addition of an affix.4.Word-formation rules The rules of word-formation define the scopeand method whereby speakers of a language may create new word.。

（完整版）英语词汇学英语词汇学习题2及答案

（完整版）英语词汇学英语词汇学习题2及答案试题二第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket（30％）1. Degradation can be illustrated by the following exampleA. lewd → ignoran tB. silly → foolishC. last → pleasureD. knave → boy2. Homophones are often employed to create puns for desired effects of:A. humourB. sarcasmC. ridiculeD. all the above3. The four major modes of semantic change are _____.A. extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationB. extension, generalization, elevation and degradationC. extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationD. extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation4. The use of one name for that of another associated with it is rhetorically called _____.A. synecdocheB. metonymyC. substitutionD. metaphor5. Idioms adjectival in nature function as _____.A. adjectivesB. attributesC. modifiersD. words6. Grammatical context refers to _____ in which a word is used.A. vocabularyB. grammarC. semantic patternD. syntactic structure7. In the idiom 'in good feather', we change 'good' into 'high, full' without changing meaning. This change of constituent is known as _____ .A. additionB. replacementC. position-shiftingD. variation8. The word "laconic" is _____.A. onomatopoeically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated9. CCELD is distinctive for its _____.A. clear grammar codesB. language notesC. usage notesD. extra columns10.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping?A. DormB. motelC. GentD. Zoo11.Old English has a vocabulary of about _____ words.A. 30,000 to 40,000B. 50,000 to 60,000C. 70,000 to 80,000D. 80,000 to 90,00012. _____ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as separate words.A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds13. Besides French words, English also absorbed as many as 2,500 words of _____ in the Middle English period.A. Dutch originB. Danish originC. Latin originD. Greek origin14. A word is a symbol that _____ .A. is used by the same speech communityB. represents something else in the worldC. is both simple and complex in natureD.shows different ideas in different sounds15.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they _____.A. are complex words.B. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in life.D. denote the most important concepts.第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book（10％）16. The same idiom may show _____ differences when it is used in different meanings including affective meaning.17. LDCE is a _____ dictionary.18. Antonyms are classified on the basis of _____.19. The opposite of semantic elevation in meaning change is called _____.20. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but have limited _____.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes;2）types of meaning;3）language branches and 4）features of idioms （10％）A B21. grammatical meaning ( ) A. Scottish22. reading-lamp ( ) B. neither fish, flesh, nor fowl23. pen ( ) C. morphologically motivated24. alliteration ( ) D. head of a state25. difference in connotation ( ) E. answer/ respond26. elevation ( ) F. etymologically motivated27. degradation ( ) G. garage ( a place for storing cars)28. narrowing ( ) H. thing (any object or event)29. extension ( ) I. part of speech30. Celtic ( ) J. knave (a dishonest person)IV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined;2）types of word formations;3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idioms.（10％）31. heart and soul ( )32. father—male parent ( )33. mother—female parent ( )34. city-bred ( )35. lip-reading to lip-read ( )36. headache ( )37. antecedent ( )38. preview ( )39. receive ( )40. called ( )V. Define the following terms（10％）41. specialized dictionary42. collocative meaning43. transfer44. morpheme45. old EnglishVI. Answer the following questions. Y our answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.（12％）46.What's the fundamental difference between radiation and concatenation? Illustrate your points.47. What is dismembering?48. What is collocative meaning? Give one example to illustrate your point.VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18％）49. The 'pen' is mightier than the 'sword'.Explain what 'pen' and 'sword' mean respectively using the theory of motivation.50. Study the following sentence, paying special attention tothe words in italics. If you find anything wrong, please explain why and then improve the sentence.(100 words)The police were ordered to stop drinking about midnight.参考答案第一部分选择题I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. B2. D3. A4. B5. A6. D7. B8. D9. D10. B11. B12. C13. A14. B15. C第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16. stylistic17.monolingual18.semantic opposition19. degradation 或pejoration20.productivity and collocabilityIII. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)21. I22. C23. F24. B25. E26. D27. J28. G29. H30. AIV. Study the following words and expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined;2) types of word formation；3）types of meaning and 4) types of meaning of idioms.(10%)31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature32. conceptual meaning33. conceptual meaning34. n+v-ed35. backformation36. n+v37. bound root38. prefix39. bound root40. inflectional affix/morphemeV. Define the following terms.(10%)41. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary whichconcentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic transfer.44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46. 要点：Radiation Concatenationi) primary meaning i) first senseii）次要意义由主要意义辐射ii）由此意义连续转换；特点为链接iii）名词语义互不依赖iii）最后意义与第一意义失去联系的迹象47. 要点：（1）break up an idiom into pieces（2分）（2）an unusual case of using idioms（1分）（3）in literature or popular press for special effect（1分）注：语言扣分不得超过1分（语法扣1分，拼写扣0.5分）48. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by words before or after the word in discussion. For example, 'pretty' and 'handsome' share the conceptual meaning of 'good looking', but are distinguished by the range of nouns they collocate with:pretty handsomeVII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write youranswers in the space given below. (18%)49. 答案要点1）Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.（2分）2）Semantic motivation, one of the four major types of motivation, explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word.(3分)3）In this sentence, 'pen' reminds one of the tool to write with, thus suggesting writing; 'sword' reminds one of the weapon to fight with, thus suggesting war.(4分)50.要点：（1）it is ambiguous（2分）（2）ambiguity caused by the structure（2分）（3）stop drinking can be understood as1）police stop drinking by themselves (1分)2）police stop people drinking (1分)（4）improvement（3分）1）The police were ordered to stop people drinking about midnight.2）The police were ordered to stop drinking by themselves about midnight.。

词汇学自测题II

自测题III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write T or F in the brackets: (20%)( )1. Homonyms come mainly from borrowing, changes in sound and spelling, and dialects.( )2. “Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polysemic word are not directly related to the primary meaning.( )3. Borrowing is a very important source of synonyms.( )4. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.( )5. The super ordinate differs from the subordinate in that the former covers the concept of the latter.( )6. Extra-linguistic context refers to the physical situation or cultural background.( )7. The way to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is mainly to see their origins as well as the relationship between their meanings.( )8. Unclear context is often the cause of ambiguity.( )9. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion.( )10. In some pairs of antonyms, one term may cover the meaning of the other.( )11. Lexical context refers to the words that appear before the word in question.( )12. Idioms are phrases or short sentences whose meanings can be understood from the individual words.( )13. We classify idioms on a grammatical basis so that noun phrases will be put together and so will adjective phrases.( )14. A variation of an idiom is to use a different phrase instead of it.( )15. Context is important because without it, it would be difficult or impossible to tell the meaning of a polysemant.( )16. Monolingual dictionaries are good for advanced learners and bilingual ones are appropriate for advanced learners.( )17. Contradictory terms do not show degress.( )18. Stylistically speaking, most idioms are neither formal not informal.( )19. Semantic unity and structural stability are general features of idioms, but there are many exceptions.( )20. An unabridged dictionary contains at least 150,000 headwords.II. Group the following antonyms into three classes, namely contradictory terms, contrary terms and relative terms: (12%)hot— cold parent— child give— takeman— woman open— close male— femalebuy— sell above— below present— absentIII. Relative synonyms are similar only in some respects but different in others. Explain the differences between them with examples. (20%)IV. Give a term according to each of the definitions. (10%)1. Part of a piece of writing or speech which surrounds a word and helps to explain its meaning. ( )2. Guessing word-meaning according context. ( )3. Idioms which are complete sentences including proverbs and sayings. ( )4. The dictionaries which are compiled in two languages. ( )5. Sense relation that deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. ( )6. A set of words which are semantically associated with one another. ( )7. Words that are identical in spelling but different in pronunciation and meaning. ( )8. The process in which a word that was pejorative in the past has now become appreciative. ( )9. The process that a word goes through by changing from specialized meaning to a more general meaning. ( )10. A word which is opposite in meaning. ( )V. Study the following sentences and explain the contextual clued which help you guess the meaning of the italicized words, for example, “definition”, “example”, “synonym”, and so on and put your answers in the brackets. (20%)1. Unlike her gregarious sister, Janet is unsociable as the refuses to go to parties. ( )2. Refugees crossed the border to escape the carnage in their homeland. Many of them still remembered the horrible slaughter not long ago. ( )3. I like fruit, but not avocado, which is too soft. ( )4. Carnivores are very dangerous. A tiger, for example, escaped from the zoo last month and killeda dog in the street and ate it. ( )5. Most of his works were published posthumously, for he was hardly known by anyone before his death. ( )VI. The italic ized part of each sentence is ambiguous. Improve the sentence so that each will have a single meaning. (10%)1. There is large audience present, including many old men and beautiful women.2. The steward greeted the girl with a smile.3. The shooting of the hunters occurred at dawn.4. Is Helen engaged?5. Margaret cannot bear children.VII. Match the terms in Column A with the words in Column B. (8%)A Bextension sillygeneralnarrowing ministermeatelevation manuscriptGovernordegradation accidentvillainVIII. Explain the characteristics of English idioms with examples.答案I．1．F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.T 7.T 8.T 9.T 10.T 11.F 12.F 13.F 14.F 15.T 16.F 17.T 18.T 19.T 20.FII. Contradictory terms:male-female, present-absent, man-womancontrary terms:open-close, ho-coldRelative terms:Buy-sell, give-take, parent-child, right-left, above-belowIII.1.Difference in:1) Synonyms may differ in degree of intensity. For example, small, tiny, microscopic are synonyms, but they each denote a different degree of smallness. Tiny is smaller than small, and microscopic is the smallest of all.2) Synonyms may differ in the range of meaning. Some words have a wider range of meaning than others. Take walk and stroll for example. Stroll is walk in a leisurely way. Walk is more general than stroll and cover the meaning of it2. Difference in connotation:1) Synonyms differ in their stylistic appropriateness. For example the words borrowed from French and Latin are generally more formal than native words. In the following pairs of words, the first is native and not stylistically specific whereas the second term is borrowed from French or Latin and is more formal: answer/respond, wood/forest, homely/domestic, etc.2) Synonyms differ in emotive col ouring. Famous and notorious both mean “well-known”, but the former is appreciative and the latter is pejorative. Similarly, a lady wants to be slender, but not skinny because skinny has a negative connotation.3) Difference in usage:Many words are synonymous in meaning but different in usage. They form different collocations and fit into different sentence patterns. For example, allow and let are synonyms, but we allow sb to do sth and let sb do sth. V acant and empty are synonymous, but we say vacant chair, but not empty chair, whereas we say empty box, but not vacant box.IV. 1. lexical context 2. inference of meaning3. sentence idioms4. bilingual dictionaries5. hyponymy6. semantic field7. homograph 8. elevation9. extension/generalization 10.antonymV 1. antonym 2. synonym 3. hyponym 4. example 5. relevan detailsVI. 1. many old men and many beautiful women (or) many old men and old beautiful women2. With a smile, the steward greeted the girl. (or)The steward greeted the girl with a smile on her face.3. The hunters did the shooting at dawn. (or)The hunters were shot at dawn.4. Is Helen engaged? I want to see her right now. (or)Is Helen engaged? Why does she refuse to go out with any boys?5. Margaret is infertile.Margaret can’t put up with children.VII. Extension (manuscript)narrowing (general, meat, accident)elevation (minister, governor)degradation (silly, villain)VIII.1. Semantic unity. An idiom contains at least two words of different part of speech. But semantically each is a unity. For example, make up one’s mind functions as a verb, rain cats and dogs means “rain heavily” which has nothing to do with the individual elements th at make up the idiom and functions as verb phrase.2. Structural stability. First, the constituents cannot be replaced with synonyms, for example, kick the bucket cannot become strike the bucket or kick a bucket or kick the pail, etc. Secondly, the positions of the words cannot be changed, for example, heart and soul cannot be changed into soul and heart, nor by twos and threes into by threes and twos. Thirdly, we should not add or delete any element to an idiom, for example, out of the question (impossible) cannot be turned into out of question, which becomes a different idiom. Lastly, some idioms are grammatically unexplainable, for example, Like cures like and Diamond cut diamond are both correct. If we change the verb in either, both will be wrong. This is because idioms are structurally fixed。

词汇学模拟试卷2及答案

词汇学模拟试卷2及答案《英语词汇学》模拟试卷（二）I.Choose the best answer and then put the letter of your choice in the given brackets. (30%)1. The prehistorical Indo-European parent language is thought to be a highly ______ language.A. advancedB. developedC. analyticD. inflected ( )2. The word “prediction” contains no ______.A. free morphemeB. stemC. bund morphemeD. root ( )3. The relationship between sound and meaning is ______ and conventional.A. logicalB. arbitraryC. objectiveD. consistent ( )4. The word “port” from “portus” is regarded as a ______.A. semantic-loanB. neologismC. translation-loanD. denizen ( )5. Words created by adding word forming or derivational affixes to stems are called ______.A. acronymsB. blendsC. derivativesD. compounds ( )6. The word ______ is regarded as a deverbal noun.A. popularityB. persistenceC. productivityD. priestess ( )7. The word “disunite” contains a ______ prefix.A. reversativeB. pejorativeC. negativeD. locative ( )8. Motivation refers to the connection between the linguistic symbol and its ______.A. spellingB. soundC. meaningD. function ( )9. Extension of meaning is also known as ______.A. specializationB. elevationC. generalizationD. degradation ( )10. The words “husband” and “wife” are regarded as ______ terms.A. relativeB. contradictoryC. contraryD. graded ( )11. The word “copperhead” was used to refer to those northerners who were secretlyaiding the South because of the ______ reason.A. classB. historicalC. socialD. psychological ( )12. The meaning of a word may be influenced by the structure where it occurs, whichis called ______ context.A. lexicalB. grammaticalC. linguisticD. non-linguistic ( )13. The idiom “heart and soul” is ______ in nature.A. adjectivalB. verbalC. adverbialD. nominal ( )14. The ambiguity of the sentence, “The ball is attractive,” is caused by ______.A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. synonymy ( )15. The main body of a dictionary is its ______ of words.A. notesB. usageC. spellingD. definitions ( ) II. Complete the following statements withproper words or expressions given in the course book. (15%)1. Bound morphemes include two types: bound root and _________________.2. In compounds the word stress usually occurs on the _______________ element.3. Some differences between sound and meaning were created by the ____________, who made a living by writing for other people.4. All the words in a language make up its __________________.5. Pronouns and numerals enjoy nation-wide use and stability, but are semantically monosemous and have limited ___________________ and collocability.6. Scottish and Irish belong to the Celtic family, but Danish and German belong to the ___________________ family.7. According to the ________________ which affixes occupy in words, affixation falls into two subclasses: prefixation and suffixation.8. Lexical meaning itself embraces two components: __________________ meaning and associative meaning.9. The most common types of word-meaning changes are __________________ and narrowing.10. Of the three types of homonyms, __________________ constitute the largest number and are most common.11. Transfer may also occur between abstract and ________________ meanings.12. Idioms are generally felt to be __________________ and some are slang and colloquialisms.13. Synonyms may differ in the ________________ and intensity of meaning.14. So far as the language is concerned, a Chinese-Englishdictionary is regarded as a __________________ dictionary.15. Compared with American dictionaries, British dictionaries, especially learner’s dictionaries, include more ____________ information.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and then put in the brackets the letter “T” if the statement is true or “F” if it is false. (15%)1. The Germanic tribes were thought to be the first peoples known to inhabit the British Isles. ( )2. The chief function of prefixes is to change the meanings of stems. ( )3. There is an inflectional morpheme in the word “internationalist”. ( )4. The French influence on English vocabulary was one of the significant points of the Middle English period. ( )5. Inflectional morphemes which are confined to suffixes function as grammatical markers. ( )6. The words such as NATO, AIDS, BASIC and UFO are acronyms. ( )7. There are few words which have both the same conceptual meaning and the same stylistic meaning. ( ) 8. One of the features of the contradictory terms is that such antonyms are so opposed to each other that they are mutually exclusive. ( ) 9. The same idiom may show stylistic differences when it is assigned different meanings. ( ) 10. The ambiguity of the sentence “The duck is too hot to eat,” is caused by inadequate grammatical context. ( ) 11. Encyclopedic dictionaries have the characteristics of both linguistic dictionaries and encyclopedia. ( ) 12. Such words as “useless” and “bad-mouth” are regarded as morphologically motivated words. ( ) 13. The Oxford Dictionary of EnglishEtymology is generally known as a specialized dictionary. ( )14. In the idiom “sooner or later”, juxtaposition is used. ( )15. Linguistic context may include the whole cultural background. ( ) IV. Answer the following questions. (20%)1.What is conceptual meaning? What are the characteristics of conceptual meaning?2. What are the four major causes of the difference between sound and form?3. What is transfer? What are the four main types of transfer?4. What is the difference between denizens and aliens?5. What are specialized dictionaries? What are their characteristics?V. Analyze and comment on the following. (20%)1. Point out the formation of the following words.sitcom medicare pub quake NATO VOA2.Read the following sentence carefully. If you find anything inappropriate, explainthe reasons and then improve the sentence.Jackson is a very hard businessman.《英语词汇学》模拟试卷（二）参考答案I.选择题1. D2. A3. B4. D5. C6. B7. A8. C9. C 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. DII. 填空题1. affix2. first3. scribes4. vocabulary5. productivity6. Germanic7. positions8. conceptual9. extension 10. homophones 11. semantic 12. informal13. concrete 14. bilingual 15. grammaticalIII. 是非题1. F2. T3. F4. T5. T6. F7. T8. T9. T10. T 11. T 12. F 13. T 14. T 15. FIV. 问答题1.Conceptual meaning which is also known as denotative meaning is themeaning given in the dictionary and forms the core of word-meaning. Being constant and relatively stable, conceptual meaning forms the basis forcommunication as the same word has the same conceptualmeaning to all the speakers of the same language.2.The first reason is that there are more phonemes than letters in English.Another reason is that the pronunciation has changed more rapidly thanspelling over the years. The third reason is that some of the differences were created by the early scribes. The fourth reason is the borrowing.3.Transfer or semantic transfer refers to a process of the change ofword-meaning whereby a word used to designate one thing has been changed to mean something else. The four main types of semantic transfer are:associated transfer, transfer between abstract and concrete meanings, transfer between subjective and objective meanings, and transfer of sensations.4.Denizens which are words borrowed early in the past are now wellassimilated into the English language and have come to conform to the English way of pronunciation and spelling, but aliens are borrowed words which have retained their original pronunciation and spelling and are immediatelyrecognizable as foreign in origin.5.Specialized dictionaries concentrate on a particular area of language orknowledge, treating such diverse topics as etymology, synonyms, idioms,pronunciation, usage in language, and computer, engineering, literature and a variety of other subjects. These dictionaries may not be very large in size, but each contains muchmore detailed information on the subject then you can find in a general unabridged one.V. 论述题1．1) Sitcom and medicare are blends. Sitcom is formed by combining the head of “situation” and that of “comedy”, and medicare is formed by combining the head of “medical” and the word “care”.2) Pub and quake are clipped words. Pub is formed by clipping the tail of the phrase “public house”, and quake is formed by clipping the head of the word “earthquake”.3) NATO and VOA are new words created through acronymy. NATO from “the North Atlantic Treaty Organization”is an acronym, while VOA from “V oice of America” is an initialism.2. 1) The sentence is ambiguous. The ambiguity is caused by polysemy.2) The word “hard”in this sentence can be understood as “hardworking”or “difficult”. The context fails to narrow down the meaning so that it is difficult for the reader to decide what exactly the speaker means. But there would be no misunderstanding if the original sentence is extended as “Jack is a very hard businessman and he has made great achievements,”or “Jack is a very hard businessman to deal with.”。

词汇学试卷2

试卷2I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET. (1’x20=20’)1.There are two main approaches to the study of English words, namely_____．A．descriptive and prescriptiveB．synchronic and diachronicC．spoken and writtenD．competence and performance2．Which of the following is NOT studied in semanticsA．polysemyB．language familyC．ambiguityD．complementaries3．The hyponyms of …vegetable‟ are_____．A．banana, pear, jamB．pear, apple and bananaC．cucumber, celery, peasD．tree, pine, elm4．_____is a word-formation process by which a word is changed from one word-class into another without the change of form．A．BlendingB．AffixationC．Back-formationD．Conversion5．According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into_____．A．perfect homonymsB．homographC．homophonesD．all the above6．It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it ratherspreads over_____．A．the reader's interpretationB．the neighbouring wordsC．the writer's intentionD．the etymology of the word7．Which of the following is a prefix of time and orderA．extra-B．pro-C．re-D．semi-8．Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionaryA．The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB．Chamber's Encyclopedic English DictionaryC．Longman Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD．Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms9．“The birds sing to welcome the smiling year．” is an example of_____．A．euphemismB．metonymyC．cynicismD．metaphor10．The word “water” is_____motivated．A．phoneticallyB．semanticallyC．morphologicallyD．non-11．“Give somebody an inch and he'll take a mile．” is a_____．A．sentence idiomB．proverbC．clause idiomD．both A and B12．Which of the following is not associative meaning?A．collocative meaningB．stylistic meaningC．affective meaning第____页共_____页D．primary meaning13．____are contrary terms．A．dead/aliveB．parent/childC．single/marriedD．like/dislike14．An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ____and the latter is not．A．structurally changeableB．semantically analysableC．structurally fixedD．easily understood15．What causes the ambiguity of the sentence “I like Mary better than Janet．”A．Vocabulary．B．Situation．C．StructureD．None of tile above16．Affixes added to the end of words indicate grammatical relationships are known as ____．A．bound rootsB．free morphemesC．inflectional morphemesD．derivational affixes17．The first people known to inhabit the British Isles were____．Their languages were dialects of still another branch of the Indo-European Language Family____．A．German/GermanicB．Celts/CelticC．Italian/ItalicD．Sweden/Swedish18．The modes of modem English vocabulary grow through three major channels:____, semantic change and ____．A．exchange/lendingB．derivation/borrowingC．creation/borrowingD．affixation/creation19. The term “vocabulary” is used in different ways because of all the following reasonsEXCEPT that _________ ．A．it can refer to the common core of a languageB．it can refer to the total number of the words in a languageC．it can represent all the words used in a certain historical periodD．it can stand for words in a given dialect or field20. Which of the following is NOT an initialism?A.VIPB.BBCC.BASICD.VOAII Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. If it is true, mark A on the ANSWER SHEET. If it is false, mark B on the ANSWER SHEET. (1’x20=20’)21. Morphology is the study of the construction of words out of morphemes.22. A free morpheme is the smallest linguistic unit that has meaning or grammatical function.23. Affixes are considered bound morphemes. They may be divided into inflectional andderivational types.24. -s in the sentence “He walks to school.” is a derivational morpheme.25. If you divide “computers”into its component morphemes, the root would be “computer”.26. The word, “bloomers”is from the name of a person; while “sitcom” is formed byblending.27. Every word that has meaning and sense, but not every word has reference.28. The two phrases “the foot of the mountain” and “the mouth of the river” aremorphologically motivated.29.If a word has a synonym, this word definitely has an antonym.30. Previously, the word “liquor” meant al l kinds of drinks or beverages, but now it refers toalcoholic drinks, so its meaning has been specialized.31. Initialism is a type of shortening, pronounced letter by letter.32. Unlike denotation, connotation is relatively unstable and indeterminate．33. Opposite to affixation, back-formation is a type of word-formation by which a shorter第____页共_____页word is coined by the deletion of an affix from a longer one.34. “All national character” is the most important of all the five characteristics of the basicword stock．35. Acronyms are words of initial letters, which are pronounced letter by letter．36. In the process of “Radiation” the derived meanings of words are not directly related tothe primary meaning．37. The diachronic approach to polysemy is to find how a word gradually acquires itsmeanings in the process of development．38. “T eacher” and “student” are convers ives．39. The connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in thedictionary．40. Context determines the word sense, which does not mean that it gives a sense to the word,but that it selects one out of all possible meanings already there.III. Complete the following statements with proper words with the help of initial letter according to the course book. (2’x10=20’)41. A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound and meaning ands______ function.42. Almost all affixes are b______ morphemes because few can be used as independentwords．43. The major processes of word-formation are compounding, derivation, c______.44. In terms of semantic contrast, antonyms can be classified into c______, complementaries,conversives.45. By origin, words can be classified into n______ words and borrowed words; while byfunction, they can be classified into content words and function words.46. Lexical items which have the same phonological or spelling form, but differ in meaningare called h______.47. I______ affixes serve to express such meanings as plurality, case, tense, aspects, and thecomparative or superlative degree.48. The form which remains after all affixes are removed is called r______．49. The stylistic features of words form their s______ meaning．50. G______ is the change of meaning from specific to general．IV. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B. (2’x10=20’)A B51. connotative meaning a. sitcom52. blending b．fax53.hyponymy/hyponym c．mother: love and care54. metonymy d．hussy: “housewife”→”a woman of low morals”55. alliteration e．the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school56. back clipping f．from cradle to grave57. affixation/prefixation g．disobey, impolite,58. pejoration h．might and main59. specialization i．disease: “discomfort”→“illness”60. elevation j．fond: “foolish”→“affectionate”第____页共_____页本纸为胶印专用纸，范围不能超出边框，对摺纸内请勿写。

!词汇学综合练习题

《英语词汇学》综合训练（一）第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one thatwould best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. A word is ______of a language that has a given sound and meaning and syntactic function.( )A. a smallest formB. a minimal free formC. a constituent formD. a part2. ________ is used in particular discipline and academic areas. ( )A. JargonB. TerminologyC. SlangD. Argot3. In the western set of the Indo-European language family, Greek is the modern language derivedfrom______________. ( )A. HellenieB. CelticC. SpanishD. Dutch4. “Nature” in the word “denaturalization” is not_______________. ( )A. free rootB. free morphemesC. stemD. bound root5. Word formation excludes ________________.A. affixation and compoundingB. conversion and shorteningC. chipping, acronymy and blendingD. repetition and alliteration6. For the word “political”, its negative form is “_____________”. ( )A. apoliticalB. ilpoliticalC. inpoliticalD. impolitical7. The differences between compounds and free phrases show in __________aspects. ( )A. phonetic featuresB. semantic featuresC. grammatical featuresD. all the above8. A concept is universal to all men alike regardless of _________________. ( )A. cultureB. raceC. languageD. all the above9. “Mouth” in “the mouth of river” is ________________. ( )A. onomatopoetically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated10. Radiation and concatenation are different stages of the development leading to polysemy. Generally,radiation __________________ concatenation. ( )A. is behindB. precedesC. is withD. makes up for11. Of the modes of word-meaning changes, ________________are the most common. ( )A. elevation and transferB. narrowing and degradationC. extension and narrowingD. degradation and transfer12. Extra-linguistic context excludes_______________. ( )A. peopleB. timeC. placeD. clauses13. According to the criterion of grammatical functions, idioms may be classified into__________________ groups.A. twoB. threeC. fiveD. four14. “Sooner or later” has _________ rhetorical colouring. ( )A. rhymeB. alliterationC. reiterationD. juxtaposition15. An unabridged dictionary should contain at least _________________ headwords. ( )A. 100,000B. 200,000C. 300,000D. 450,000第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16. Words can be grouped into content words and function words by _____________.17. The introduction of __________ into England marked the beginning of modern English period.18. Affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationship are called _________.19. Not all the words that are produced by applying the word-forming rule are ____________.20. The associated transfer of meaning and euphemistic use of words etc. are often duo to _________.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes; 2) types of meaning; 3) language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)A B.21. elevation ( ) a fair and square22. degradation ( ) b mother (love)23. narrowing ( ) c Polish24. extension ( ) d clear-sounding (from sight to hearing)25. transfer ( ) e Italian26. connotative meaning ( ) f cukoo27. Balto-slavic ( ) g barn (storeroom)28. Italic ( ) h wife (a married woman)29. rhyme ( ) i angel (messenger of God)30. Onomatopoeic motivation ( ) j silly (foolish)IV. Study the following words or expressions and identify1) types of bound morphemes underlined; 2) types of word formations; 3) types of meaning and 4) types of idiom. (10%)31. brain trust ( ) 32. look into ( )33. predictor ( ) 34. joined ( )35. earthquake ( ) 36. town-bred ( )37. to room ( ) 38. motel ( )39. flower (noun) ( )40. Library—a place where one can borrow and read books ( )V. Define the following terms. (10%)41. vocabulary42. middle English43. affixes44. acronym45. affective meaningVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)46. What are the reasons of more and more inconsistences between sound and form?47. What is reference?48. What are the characteristics of antonyms?VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%) 49. A ball rolled into the ball suddenly.Explain two “ball” meaning in this sentence. Which kind of sense relation do they belong to?Give the explanation of their origins.50. Study the following sentence. If you find anything wrong, please explain why and then improve it. (100Words)The chicken is ready to eat.《英语词汇学》综合训练（二）第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. The relationship between the sound and meaning of a word is _____________. ( )A. logicalB. arbitrary, conventionalC. certainD. objective2. The Indo-European language family is made up of most of the languages in the following places except ___________. ( )A. EuropeB. the Near EastC. IndiaD. Africa3. Words produced through affixation constitute __________ of all the new words. ( )A. 20% to 30%B. 30% to 40%C. 40% to 50%D. 10% to 20%4. The chief function of prefixation is to ______________ . ( )A. change meanings of the stemsB. change the word-class of the stemC. change grammatical functionD. all the above5. The “house” in “the peasant housed him” belongs to the conversion ___________. ( )A. between noun and adjectiveB. between noun and verbC. between verb and adjectiveD. none of the above6. A concept has ___________ referring expressions. ( )A. oneB. manyC. a fewD. none of the above7. The grammatical meanings of a word refer to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationship such as ____________. ( ) A. part of speech of words B. singular and plural meaning of nounsC. tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional formsD. all the above8. The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from ______________ angles. ( )A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four9. In radiation, the secondary meaning of a word derived form the primary meaning of a word by ___________ ( )A. transferB. extensionC. specializationD. all the above and others10. A legal term “Alibi” signifying “plea that the accused is not at the place when the crime is committed”now means “excuse”. This change of word-meaning is called ___________. ( )A. transferB. narrowingC. extensionD. degradation11. Context clues have ___________ ones in all. ( )A. sevenB. sixC. eightD. five12. ___________ is not the characteristics of idioms. ( )A. TersenessB. ExpressivenessC. VividnessD. Complication13. ________ idioms are characterized by semantic and structural stability. ( )A. All theB. FewC. None ofD. Not all the14. Linguistic dictionaries usually cover such areas as ______________. ( )A. spelling and pronunciationB. meaning and grammatical functionC. usage and etymologyD. all the above15. The main body of a dictionary is ____________ of words. ( )A. pronunciationB. spellingC. definitionD. usage第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16. According to suffixation theory, “villager”is called denominal noun and “employer”is called__________ noun.17. Lexical meaning and ___________ meaning make up the word meaning.18. Absolute synonyms are restricted to highly ___________.19. Narrowing of meaning is the opposite of ___________ meaning.20. Linguistic contest includes lexical context and __________.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes; 2) types of meaning; 3) language branches and 4) features of idioms. (10%)A B21. celtic ( ) a reiteration22. minibus ( ) b juxtaposition23. extension ( ) c narrowing24. meat (flesh of animals) ( ) d alliteration25. elevation ( ) e Irish26. degradation ( ) f rhyme27. might and main ( ) g knight (rank below baronet)28. kith and kin ( ) h morphological motivation29. pick and choose ( ) i churl (uncultivated or mean person)30. rain or shine ( ) j mill (place where things re made)IV. Study the following words or expressions and identify1) types of bound morphemes underlined; 2) types of word formations; 3) types of meaning and4) types of meaning of idiom. (10%)31. cooked ( ) 32. employer ( ) 33. meeting-room ( ) 34. record-breaking ( ) 35. cut and dried ( ) 36. tooth and nail ( ) 37. to wolf ( ) 38. telex ( ) 39. take (verb) ( ) 40. home——a dwelling place ( )V. Define the following terms. (10%)41. allomorph42. blending43. adjective suffix44. connotative meaning45. motivationVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)46. What are the differences between homonyms and polysemants?47. What are the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning?48. How does context provide clues for inferring word-meaning?VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%) 49. He is as poor as a church mouse.Pick out the idiom in this sentence, then point out its structure, grammatical function and figure of speech.50. (1) “I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.”A B C(2) “I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of senator Buckley.”A B CStudy these two sentences, and explain what relationship is between each corresponding part in the two sentences? Which sentence is better? Why? (100 Words)《英语词汇学》综合训练（三）第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Almost every meaning of a word has an example to show its meaning and usage. This is the feature of ______________. ( ) A. Collins Cobuild English language Dictionary B. The Concise Oxford DictionaryC. A Chinese-English DictionaryD. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English2. Desk dictionaries contain words ranging_____________. ( )A. from 40,000 to 140,000B. from 50,000 to 150,000C. from 60,000 to 150,000D. from 40,000 to 150,0003. In the idiom “earn ones bread”, ___________ is used. ( )A. synecdocheB. personificationC. metaphorD. simile4. Forms and functions of idioms are ___________. ( )A. identicalB. not identicalC. differentD. not necessarily identical5. The functions of context don’t include ___________. ( )A. elimination of ambiguityB. indication of referentsC. provision of clues for inferring word-meaningD. leading to ambiguity6. During American Civil War, the Word “Copperhead”, a venomous snake in the South of America, was endowed with the new meaning “the northerners who were secretly aiding and abetting the south”because of___________. ( )A. class reasonB. psychological reasonC. historical reasonD. religious reason7. The most important sources of synonyms are perhaps_______________. ( )A. dialects and regional EnglishB. borrowingC. figurative and euphemistic use of wordsD. coincidence with idiomatic expressions8. Homographs are words identical only in _____________ but different in two other aspects. ( )A. soundB. meaningC. spellingD. sense9. Connotative meaning varies considerably according to ___________ . ( )A. cultureB. historical periodC. the experience of the individualD. all the above10. “Domicile” is __________. ( )A. formalB. neutralC. informalD. none of the above11. The overwhelming majority of blends are __________. ( )A. verbsB. nounsC. adjectivesD. adverbal12. The most productive conversion is the conversion that take place ______________. ( )A. between nouns and verbsB. between nouns and adjectivesC. between verbs and adjectivesD. none of the above13. The “de-” in “decompose” is ___________. ( )A. negative prefixesB. pejorative prefixesC. reversative prefixesD. orientation prefixes14. __________ is right. ( )A. Root and stem are identicalB. Root includes stemC. Root and stem are completely differentD. Stem includes root15. Old English has a vocabulary of about ____________ words. ( )A. 40,000 to 50,000B. 50,000 to 60,000C. 60,000 to 70,000D. 30,000 to 40,000第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16. According to the idiomaticity of idioms, idioms can be divided into “true”idioms established at the upper end, semi-idioms in between and _____________.17. Context can fall into ____________ and non-linguistic context.18. Synchronically, polysemy is viewed as the __________ of various meanings of the same word in acertain historical period of time.19. Lexical meaning has conceptual meaning and __________.20. Affixes attachad to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationship are called ___________.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes; 2) types of meaning; 3)language branches and; 4) features of idioms. (10%)A B21. poison (poisonous drink) ( ) a extension22. alliteration ( ) b weal and woe23. earl (count) ( ) c narrowing24. rhyme ( ) d hustle and bustle25. reiteration ( ) e Balto-Slavic26. juxtaposition ( ) f part and parcel27. notorious (unfavourably well-known) ( ) g elevation28. Supermarket ( ) h toil and moil29. Czech ( ) i morphological motivation30. companion (a company) ( ) j degradationIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify1) types of bound morphemes underlined; 2) types of word formations; 3)types of meaning and4) types of meaning of idiom (10%)31. works ( ) 32. maltreat ( )33. car(noun) ( ) 34. diminutive (very formal) ( ) 35. flesh and blood ( ) 36. turn on ( ) 37. tell-tale ( ) 38. high-sounding ( ) 39. pub ( ) 40. lip-read ( )V. Define the following terms. (10%)41. Argot42. old English43. conversion44. affective meaning45. polysemyVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)46. What is the importance of basic word stock?47. What are the causes of more new words appearing today?48. What are the differences between metonymy and synecdoche?VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%) 49. They chucked a stone at the police and then did a bank with the loot.Are all the words in this sentence used appropriately? If not, why? Then improve it. (100 Words)50. Point out the formation of the following words: (100 Words)skylabVOAMalpractice.《英语词汇学》综合训练（四）第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. ____________ comprises the following points: (1) a minimal free form of a language (2) a sound unity(3) a unit of meaning (4) a form that can function alone in a sentence. ( )A. Not every wordB. Each wordC. Some of wordsD. Most of words2. Generally, the number of the present day English vocabulary is ____________. ( )A. two millionB. three millionC. over one millionD. one million3. ____________ is the most important way of vocabulary expansion. ( )A. CreationB. Semantic changeC. BorrowingD. Meaning change4. The conversion of two syllable nouns into verbs involves a change of ___________. ( )A. spellingB. pronunciationC. stressD. function5. Words formed by acronymy can be divided into initialisms and acronyms depending on _______. ( )A. the grammatical functionB. the pronunciation of the wordsC. the spelling wayD. none of the above6. The words “minibus, endless” are __________ words. ( )A. onomatopoetically motivatedB. morphologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. etymologically motivated7. ____________ words have both same conceptual meaning and same stylistic meaning. ( )A. A fewB. FewC. ManyD. Some8. In diachronic approach, other meanings apart from the primary meaning of a word were acquired by_____________. ( )A. extensionB. narrowingC. analogyD. all the above9. Homophones are words identical, only in ____________ but different in two other aspects.A. soundB. meaningC. spellingD. sense10. ___________ is contrary antonymy. ( )A. “True/false”B. “Rich/poor”C. “Parent/child”D. “Male/female”11. The original meaning of “nice” is “ignorant” or “foolish” and its modern meaning is “delightful”. Thisis ____________ of word meaning.A. extensionB. degradationC. transferD. elevation12. Linguistic factors of word meaning change exclude __________. ( )A. internal factors within the language systemB. the influx of borrowingC. analogyD. grammar13. I don’ t know what will become of him after the war. “Become of” means __________. ( )A. happen to, often in a bad wayB. suit, befitC. begin to beD. none of the above14. The idiom “toil and moil” has ____________ rhetorical colouring. ( )A. rhymeB. alliterationC. reiterationD. juxtaposition15. ___________ is used in the idiom “live by one’s pen”. ( )A. MetonymyB. SynecdocheC. MetaphorD. Personification第二部分非选择题II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16. The meaning of the true idiom can’ t be deduced from _____________.17. American dictionary contains more encyclopedic information in the main body while British dictionary,especially learner’ s dictionary includes _____________ information.18. In some cases, the meaning of a word may be influenced by ___________ in which it oc curs. This iscalled grammatical context.19. Concatenation describes a process where each of the later meaning is related only to __________ likechains.20. Associative meaning is ____________ supplemented to the conceptual meaning.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) types of meaning changes; 2) types of meaning; 3) language branches and 4). features of idioms. (10%)A B21. the foot of the mountain ( ) a rhyme22. Persian ( ) b butcher (one who kills animals)23. Prussian ( ) c repetition24. extension ( ) d the Balto –Slavic25. narrowing ( ) e accident (unfortunate event)26. elevation ( ) f Semantically motivated27. degradation ( ) g governor (head of a state)28. now or never ( ) h Indo-Iranian29. moan and groan ( ) i lewd (lecherous)30. hand in hand ( ) j alliterationIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify1) types of bound morphemes underlined; 2) types of word formations; 3) types of meaning and4) types of meaning of idiom. (10%)31. bus (noun) ( ) 32. tiny (colloquial) ( ) 33. autocide ( ) 34. BBC ( ) 35. to moonlight ( ) 36. stockholder ( ) 37. five-leg ( ) 38. contradictor ( ) 39. carriage ( ) 40. wide of the mark ( )V. Define the following terms. (10%)41. backformation42. morphological motivation43. free morpheme44. borrowed words45. specialized dictionaryVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)46. What factors should be taken into consideration in choosing a dictionary?47. Why are idioms often divided according to their grammatical function?48. What are the functions of context?VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%) 49. Rose ran the badminton game.Study this sentence. If you find anything wrong, please explain why and then improve it.50. Analyze the morphological structures of the following words. Point out the types of the morphemes.(100 Words)consistentlyreminderimperialistic.。

英语词汇学试题及答案

英语词汇学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学研究的主要对象是什么？A. 语法结构B. 词汇构成C. 语音系统D. 语义关系2. 下列哪个词属于复合词？A. happyB. unicycleC. bicycleD. unhappy3. 词根是指什么？A. 单词的前缀B. 单词的后缀C. 单词的基本部分D. 单词的派生部分4. 词汇的同源词是指什么？A. 意义相近的词B. 形式相似的词C. 来源相同的词D. 功能相同的词5. 词汇的语义变化通常被称为什么？A. 词汇演变B. 词汇扩展C. 词汇借用D. 词汇创新二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）6. 英语中的词缀分为________和后缀。

7. 英语词汇的构成方式之一是________，例如：class + room = classroom。

8. 英语中的合成词是由两个或两个以上自由词组合而成的，如________。

9. 英语中，一个词的意义可能随着时间而发生变化，这种现象称为________。

10. 英语词汇学中的“词义扩展”是指一个词的意义范围________。

三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）11. 简述英语词汇的来源有哪些？12. 解释什么是词汇的同化现象，并给出一个例子。

13. 描述词汇的语义变化有哪些类型？四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）14. 论述英语词汇学在语言教学中的应用。

15. 分析英语词汇中的借词现象及其对英语发展的影响。

参考答案一、选择题1. B2. B3. C4. C5. A二、填空题6. 前缀7. 合成8. blackboard9. 语义演变10. 扩大或缩小三、简答题11. 英语词汇的来源包括：古英语、拉丁语、法语、希腊语、德语等。

12. 词汇的同化现象是指外来词在借用到另一种语言中时，为了适应新语言的发音规则而发生的改变。

例如，英语中的“sushi”在一些非英语国家可能会被读作“苏西”以适应当地语言的发音习惯。

词汇学考试题2

词汇学考试题2湖北中医学院《英语词汇学》试卷适⽤专业及层次（由出卷教研室填写）：英语专业本科姓名：班级：学号：（此试卷共5页，答案请填写在答题纸上，请将最佳答案填在答题纸对应的题号下，答案填写在试卷上者答题⽆效）(09-10学年第1学期 2010.1)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1.The relationship between the sound and meaning of a word is .A. logicalB. arbitrary，conventionalC. certainD. objective2. The Indo-European language family is made up of most of the languages in the following places except .A. EuropeB. the Near EastC. IndiaD. Africa3. Words produced through affixation constitute of all the new words.A. 20% to 30%B. 30% to 40%C. 40% to 50%D. 10% to 20%4.The chief function of prefixation is to .A. change meanings of the stemsB. change the word-class of the stemC. change grammatical functionD. all the above5. The “house” in “the peasant housed him” belongs to theconversion .A. between noun and adjectiveB. between noun and verbC. between verb and adjectiveD. none of the above6.A concept has referring expressions.A. oneB. manyC. a fewD. none of the above7. The grammatical meanings of a word refer to that part of the meaning of the word which indicates grammatical concept or relationship such as .A. part of speech of wordsB. singular and plural meaning of nounsC. tense meaning of verbs and their inflectional formsD. all the above8. The problem of interrelation of the various meanings of the same word can be dealt with from angles.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four9.In radiation，the secondary meaning of a word is derived from the primary meaning of a word by .A. transferB. extensionC. specializationD. all the above and others10. A legal term “ Alibi” signifying “plea that the accused is not at the place when the crime is committed” now means “excuse”. This change ofword-meaning is called .A. transferB. narrowingC. extensionD. degradation11.Context clues have ones in all.A. sevenB. sixC. eightD. five12. is not the characteristics of idioms.A. TersenessB. ExpressivenessC. VividnessD. Complication13. idioms are characterized by semantic and structural stability.A. All theB. FewC. None ofD. Not all the14.Linguistic dictionaries usually cover such areas as .A. spelling and pronunciationB. meaning and grammatical functionC. usage and etymologyD. all the above15.The main body of a dictionary is of words. （）A. pronunciationB. spellingC. definitionD. usageII . Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）16. According to suffixation theory，“villager” is called denominal noun and “employer” is called noun.17. Lexical meaning and meaning make up the word meaning.18. Absolute synonyms are restricted to highly .19. Narrowing of meaning is the opposite of meaning.20. Linguistic context includes lexical context and .III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1）types of meaning changes；2）types of meaning；3）language branches and 4）features of idioms.（10%）A B21.celtic （）a. reiteration22.minibus （）b. juxtaposition23.extension （）c. narrowing24.meat（flesh of animals）（）d. alliteration25.elevation （）e. Irish26.degradation （）f . rhyme27.might and main （）g. knight（rank below baronet）28.wear and tear （）h. morphological motivation29.pick and choose （）i. churl（uncultivated or mean person）30.rain or shine （）j. mill（place where things are made）IV . Study the following words or expressions and identify1）types of bound morphemes underlined；2）types of word formations；3）types of meaning and 4）types of meaning of idiom.（10%）31. cooked （）32. employer （）33. meeting-room （）34. record-breaking （）35. cut and dried （）36. tooth and nail （）37. to wolf （）38. telex （）39. takes（verb）（）40. home —— a dwelling place （）V. Define the following terms.（10%）41. allomorph42. blending43. adjective suffix44. connotative meaning45. motivationVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the answer sheet.（12%）46. What are the differences between homonyms and polysemants？47. What are the extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in meaning？48.How does context provide clues for inferring word-meaning？VII. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the answer sheet.（18%）49. He is as poor as a church mouse.Pick out the idiom in this sentence，then point out its structure，grammatical function and figure of speech.50.（1）“I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.”A B C（2）“I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of senator Buckley.”A B CStudy these two sentences，and explain what relationship is between each corresponding part in the twosentences？Which sentence is better？Why？（100 Words）湖北中医学院《英语词汇学》试卷答题纸姓名：班级：学号：I. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%, 2×15)II .Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%，2×5）16．17． 18．19．20． III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B （10%，1×10）21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.IV . Study the following words or expressions and identify the types （10%，1×10）31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.V. Define the following terms. (10%, 2×5)41．42．43．44．45． VI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. (12%, 4×3)46．47．48．VII. Analyze and comment on the following.（18%, 9×2）49.50.英语词汇学试卷参考答案I.1.B 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.C 11.C 12.D 13.D 14.D 15.CII.16.deverbal 17.grammatical 18.specialized vocabulary 19.widening20.grammatical contextIII. 21.e 22.h 23.j 24.c 25.g 26.i 27.d 28.f 29.a 30.bIV. 31.inflectional affixes32.suffixes/derivational affixes33.noun compound，n + n34.adjective compound，n +v-ing35.idiom adjectival in nature/adjective idiom36.idiom adverbial in nature/adverb idiom37.conversion，noun to verb38.blending，head +head39.grammatical meaning40.conceptual meaningV.41.One of the variants that realize a morpheme.42. The formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word.43. The suffix that is added to the stem，whatever class it belongs to，the result will be an adjective.44. Connotative meaning refers to the overtones or associations suggested by the conceptual meaning.45. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.VI.46.（1）Homonym refers to different words which happen to share the same form and polysemant is the one and same word which has several distinguishable meanings.（2 分）（2）Homonyms are from different sources. A polysemant is from the same source.（1 分）（3）The various meanings of a polysemant are correlated and connected to one central meaning. Meanings of different homonyms have nothing to do with one another.（1 分）47. 要点：（1）Historical reason，ideas，scientific knowledge and so on. Change in the course of time. word-meaning also changes.（2 分）（2）Class reason. Different classes have different languages and attitudes.（1 分）（3）Psychological reason. People change word-meaning owing to various psychological motives.（1 分）48. 要点：Context clues vary a great deal but can be summed up as follows：（1）Definition（2）Explanation（3）Example（4）Synonymy（5）Antonymy（6）Hyponymy（7）Relevant details（8）Word structureVII.49.（1）The idiom is “as poor as a church mouse”.（2 分）（2）Its structure is：as+ a+ as+ n.（3 分）（3）Its grammatical function：adjective idiom as predicative in this sentence.（2 分）（4）simile（2 分）50.（1）The relationship between corresponding parts is hyponymy.（3 分）（2）Subordinates are used in sentence（2），thus sentence（2）is better. Subordinates are concrete，precise and vivid.（6 分）。

词汇学练习题 (2)-推荐下载

1..Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct.A. wordB. formC. morphemeD. root2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.A. SemanticsB. LinguisticsC. EtymologyD. Stylistics3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes.A. GreekB. RomanC. ItalianD. Germanic4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.A. linguisticB. grammaticalC. arbitraryD. semantic5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effectsA. situationB. contextC. timeD. place6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.A. technicalB. artisticC. differentD. academic8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.A. SlangB. JargonC. Dialectal wordsD. Argot9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words.A. JargonB. ArgotC. Dialectal wordsD. Slang10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it.A. workersB. criminalsC. any personD. policeman11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question.A. ArgotB. SlangC. JargonD. Dialectal words12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use.A. commonB. littleC. slightD. great13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings.A. newB. oldC. badD. good14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.A. functionalB. notionalC. emptyD. formal15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.A. contentB. notionalC. emptyD. new1.It is assumed that the world has approximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)languages, which canbe grouped into _________on the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 500B. 4000C. 300D. 20002.The prehistoric Indo-European parent language is thought to be a highly ______language.A. inflectedB. derivedC. developedD. analyzed3.After the _________, the Germanic tribes called Angles ,Saxons, and Jutes came in greatnumbers.A. GreeksB. IndiansC. RomansD. French4.The introduction of ________had a great impact on the English vocabulary.A. HinduismB. ChristianityC. BuddhismD. Islamism5.In the 9th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With theinvaders, many ________words came into the English language.A. GreekB. RomanC. CelticD. Scandinavian6.It is estimated that at least ______ words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modernEnglish.A. 500B. 800C. 1000 .D. 9007.The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started acontinual flow of ______ words into English.A. FrenchB. GreekC. RomanD. Latin8.By the end of the _______century , English gradually came back into the schools, the lawcourts, and government and regained social status.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14thD.15th9.As a result , Celtic made only a ________contribution to the English vocabulary.A. smallB. bigC. greatD. smaller10. The Balto-Slavic comprises such modern languages as Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian, Slovenian and _______.A. GreekB. RomanC. IndianD. Russian11.In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which arederived from the dead language_______..A. SanskritB. LatinC. RomanD. Greek12.Greek is the modern language derived from _______.A. LatinB. HellenicC. Indian D . Germanic13.The five Roamance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian allbelong to the Italic through an intermediate language called _______.A. SanskritB. LatinC. CelticD. Anglo-Saxon14.The ________family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian,Icelandic, Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages.A. GermanicB. Indo-EuropeanC. AlbanianD. Hellenic15.By the end of the _______century , virtually all of the people who held political or socialpower and many of those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin.A. 10thB.11thC.12thD. 13th1.The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______.A.reversative prefixesB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes2.The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice,mis trust.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes3.The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes4.The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ .A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes5.The prefixes in words bi lingual ,uni form and hemis phere are ________.A. number prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes6.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head.A.Prefixes of orientation and attitudeB. Prefixes of time and orderC. Locative prefixesD. Prefixes of degree or size7. Rugby ,afghan and champagne are words coming from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames8. Omega,Xerox and orlon are words from _________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames9.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. locative prefixes10.Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames11.The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes12.The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-.A.prefixes of degree or sizeB. prefixes of orientation and attitudeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes13.Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames14.The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes15.The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are ________.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes1.A word is the combination of form and ________.A. spellingB. writingC. meaningD. denoting2._______is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Context3.Sense denotes the relationships _______the language.A. outsideB. withC. beyondD. inside4. Most English words can be said to be ________.A. non-motivatedB. motivatedC. connectedD. related5.Trumpet is a(n) _______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. semanticallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. etymologically6.Hopeless is a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically7.In the sentence ‘ He is fond of pen ’ , pen is a ______ motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically8.Walkman is a _______motivated word.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically9.Functional words possess strong _____ whereas content words have both meanings, andlexical meaning in particular.A. grammatical meaningB. conceptual meaningC. associative meaningD. arbitrary meaning10._______is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period, and the experience of the individual.A.Stylistic meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Collocative meaningD. Affectivemeaning11.Affective meaning indicates the speaker’s _______towards the person or thing in question.A. feeling .B. likingC. attitudeD. understanding12. _________ are affective words as they are expressions of emotions such as oh, dear me, alas.A. PrepositionsB. InterjectionsC. ExclamationsD. Explanations13. It is noticeable that _______overlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meanings are revealed by means of collocations.A.conceptual meaningB. grammatical meaningC. lexical meaningD. collocative meaning14.In the same language, the same concept can be expressed in ______.A. only one wordB. two wordsC. more than threeD. different words15.Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.A. speakersB. listenersC. worldD. specific country16.In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggest their ______pounds and derived words are ______ words and the meanings of many are the sum totalof the morphemes combined.18. _______ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word.19. The meanings of many words often relate directly to their ______. In other words the historyof the word explains the meaning of the word.20. Lexical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _________.1.Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to ______.A. English onlyB. Chinese onlyC. all natural languagesD. some natural languages2.From the ______ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the result of growth anddevelopment of the semantic structure of one and same word .A. linguisticB. diachronicC. synchronicD. traditional3._______ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and thesecondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.A Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection4. _________ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection betweenthe sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.A. DerivationB. RadiationC. InflectionD. Concatenation5.One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.A. spellingB. pronunciationC. etymologyD. usage6. ________refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.A. PolysemantsB. SynonymsC. AntonymsD. Hyponyms7. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy8. _________ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/; bow/beu/.A. HomophonesB. HomographsC. Perfect homonymsD. Antonyms9. The antonyms: male and female are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms10.The antonyms big and small are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms11.The antonyms husband and wife are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected termsposition and compounding in lexicology are words of _______.A. absolute synonymsB. relative synonymsC. relative antonymsD. contrary antonyms13.As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly ______, they are often employedin a conversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.A. homographsB. homophonesC. absolute homonymsD. antonyms14.From the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it was endowed with only onemeaning . The first meaning is called ______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. basic meaning15.Synchronically, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called_______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. secondary meaning1.The original meaning of manuscript is ________.A.any author’s writingB. handwritingC. any author’s worksD. a piece of paper2.The original meaning of barn is ______.A. a place for storing only barleyB. a storeroomC. a restroomD. a bathroom3.The extended meaning of journal is ______A. daily paperB. any paperC. magazinesD. periodical4.In Shakespearean line ‘rats and mice and such small dee r’, deer obviously designates ‘_____’ in general.A. a doeB.. animalC. a deerlike animalD. buck5.The original meaning of wife is _______.A. a married womanB. a young womanC. womanD. widowed woman6.The meaning of meat changed by mode of _______.A. extensionB. narrowingC. elevationD. degradation7.The meaning of fond changed by mode of _______.A. extensionB. narrowingC. elevationD. degradation8.The original meaning of minister is ______.A. head of a ministryB. a tutorC.a farmerD. servant9.The original meaning of success is ______.A.resultB. progressC. eventD. incident10.The meaning of churl changed by mode of _______.A. elevationB. extensionC. degradationD. narrowing11.The original meaning of knave is _______.A. elevationB. extensionC. degradationD. narrowing12.The original meaning of silly is ______.A. sadB. jealousC. happyD. cold13.Loud colours belongs to ______.A.transfer of sensationsB. transfer between abstract and concrete meaningsC.transfer from objective to subjectiveD. transfer from subjective to objective14. Dreadful and hateful belong to _______.A. transfer from subjective to objectiveB. transfer of sensationC. transfer from objective to subjectiveD. transfer between abstract and concrete meanings15. The meaning of picture changed by modes of _____.A. extensionB. narrowingC. degradationD. elevationII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16. Vocabulary is the most unstable element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and _____.17. Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, ____and trandfer. Of these, extension and _______are by far the most common.18. Linguistic context can be subdivided into lexical context and ______.19. The extra-linguistic context may extend to embrace the entire _____,which may also affect the meaning of words .20.Ambiguity often arises due to polysemy and _____.16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _____of words.17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the ______ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _____development, formation and ______.18.English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology,______,etymology, stylistics, ________.19.There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _______.nguage study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_______.16.Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as _______.17.. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings , Middle English was one of______.18.It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to thepresent _____ language.19.The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups , which can be groupedinto an Eastern set: Balto-Slavic , Indo-Iranian ,Armenian and Albanian; a Western set :Celtic, Italic, Hellenic, _______.20.It is necessary to subdivide Modern English into Early (1500-1700)and _____ ModernEnglish.16. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to stem. This process is also known as_____.pounding , also called ________, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems . Words formed in this way are called _________.18. __________ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.19. _________ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word . Words formed in this way are called blends or _____words.20 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. This is called _______.16.One important criterion for differentiation of homonyms from polysemants is to see their____, the second principal consideration is ________.17.In dictionaries, a polysemant has its meanings all listed under one ______whereas homonymsare listed as separate ______.18.The differences between synonyms boil down to three areas : _______, connotation ,and_____.19. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. That is, the meaning of a morespecific word is included in that of another more general word. The general words are called the _____terms and the more specific words are called the _____ terms.20. The massive word store of a language like English can be conceived of as composed around anumber of meaning areas. Some large, such as ‘philosophy’ or ‘emotions’, other smaller, such as ‘kinship’ or ‘color’. Viewing the total meaning in this way is the basis of ______.。

词汇学语言考试题及答案

词汇学语言考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 词汇学是研究语言中词汇的系统、结构和变化规律的学科，它属于：A. 语音学B. 语法学C. 词汇学D. 语义学答案：C2. 下列哪个选项不是词汇学研究的内容？A. 词汇的构成B. 词汇的分类C. 词汇的演变D. 语音的发音答案：D3. 词汇学中，词根是指：A. 词的基本意义单位B. 词的发音单位C. 词的书写单位D. 词的语法单位答案：A4. 以下哪个词是由两个词根组成的？A. 苹果B. 汽车C. 电脑D. 葡萄答案：B5. 词汇学中的“同义词”指的是：A. 意义完全相同的词B. 意义相近的词C. 意义相反的词D. 意义完全不同的词答案：B6. 在词汇学中，“反义词”是指：A. 意义相近的词B. 意义相反的词C. 意义相同的词D. 意义不相关的词答案：B7. “词汇化”是指：A. 词汇的创造过程B. 词汇的消失过程C. 词汇的演变过程D. 词汇的分类过程答案：A8. 词汇学中的“语义场”是指：A. 词的发音范围B. 词的书写范围C. 词的意义范围D. 词的使用范围答案：C9. 词汇学中，“多义词”是指：A. 只有一个意义的词B. 有两个或两个以上意义的词C. 没有意义或意义不明确的词D. 意义完全相反的词答案：B10. 词汇学中的“同音词”是指：A. 发音相同的词B. 意义相同的词C. 书写相同的词D. 用法相同的词答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 词汇学中的“词缀”是指附着在词根上，用来构成新词的________。

答案：语素12. “派生”是指通过添加________来创造新词的过程。

答案：词缀13. “合成”是指通过合并________来创造新词的过程。

答案：词根14. “词汇变化”包括词义的________、________和________。

答案：扩大、缩小、转移15. “词汇的语义变化”是指词义的________、________和________。

词汇学练习参考答案

第二单元基本构词方法一．派生法练习一例如：intervene，intervention，intervenor，intervenient练习二希腊语前缀拉丁语前缀half hemi- semi- demi- one mono- uni-two di- bi-three tri- tri-four tetra- quadri-five penta- quint-six hexa- sex- ,seven hepta- sept-eight oct- oct-nine ennea- nona-ten deca- deci-1. immature2. irregular3.inconsiderate4. ignoble5. noncontentious6. illegitimate7. nonmetal 8. impassive 9. nonferrous 10. inaccuracy 11. unendurable 12. invariance13. non-inductive 14. illegible 15. unreasonable16. irrational \ 17. unscrupulous 18. non-staple19. imbalance 20. illegalize练习四1. before2. near3. off4. in5. inside6. outside7. out 8. before 9. beneath 10. in 11. under 12. between 13. within 14. into 15. exceeding 16. beyond 17. after 18. before19. forward 20. back 21. below22. above 23. beyond 24. across 25. extreme练习五1. dispensable, convertible, tolerable, reversible2. assistant, resistant, consistent, persistent3. calculator, liar,subscriber, survivor4. confectionery, adversary, tributary, monastery5. capricious, presumptuous, momentous, spontaneous二．复合法A. 1. greenbelt 2. greengrocer3. greenhorn4. greenroomB. 1. handbag 2. handbook3. handbrake4. handrailC. 1. aftercare 2. aftereffect3. aftertaste4. afterthoughtD. 1. sleeping bag 2. sleeping car3. sleeping pill4. sleeping partnerE. 1. running mate 2. running hand3. running head4. running boardF. 1. washbasin 2. washboard3. washerwoman4. washclothG. 1. sunburn 2. sunburst3. sunset4. sunshineH. 1. breakdown 2. break-in3. breakthrough4. breakupI. 1. outbreak 2. outcry3. outlay4. outlet练习二A．1．火力2．火把3．燃烧弹4．消防队5．太平梯B．1．(空袭)紧急警报2．隆重的欢迎3．红色肉类4．官样文章5．鲑鱼C．1．流动资本2．工作负载3．工作状态4．计算5．工人D．1．(录音等的)播放2．花花公子3．(学校的)放假日4．操场5．剧作家练习三1. farfetched2. newborn3. heart-beat4. built-in5. clothes-washing6. dust-laden7. oncoming 8. fair-minded, good-hearted 9. self-evident 10. grown-up练习四1．修改，校订2．冷淡3，对……进行军法审判4．将……上手铐5. 骤然把……塞进6．用沙袋阻塞7．船只失事8’使短路9。

英语词汇学_习题集2(含答案)

《英语词汇学》课程习题集一、单选题1. The word “humorousness” has _______ morphemes.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. The word “nationalize” has _______ morphemes.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four3. The word “decoding” has _______ morphemes.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four4. Which of the following forms is not an allomorph of the morpheme “in-”?A. ig-B. ir-C. il-D. im-5. Which of the following forms does not contain an allomorph of the inflectional morpheme of plurality?A. booksB. pigsC. horsesD. expense6. According to ______, there is an intrinsic correspondence between sound and sense.A. naturalistsB. anthropologistsC. linguistsD. conventionalists7. According to ______ , there is not a logical connection between sound and sense.A. naturalistsB. anthropologistsC. linguistsD. conventionalists8. Most English words are _________ symbols.A. definiteB. arbitraryC. infiniteD. hereditary9. From the point of view of ________, a direct connection between the symbol and its sense can be readily observed in a small group of words.A. nationalismB. anthropologyC. linguisticsD. motivation10. Words motivated phonetically are called _________ words.A. onomatopoeicB. similarC. naturalD. symbolic11. In the sentence “John was asked to spy the enemy”, “spy” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.A. compoundingB. derivationC. conversionD. acronym12. In the sentence “John was doctored by Mr. Smith in the hospital”, “doctor” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.A. compoundingB. derivationC. conversionD. acronym13.In the sentence “John was asked to get into the office after a two-hour wait”, “wait”is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.A. compoundingB. derivationC. conversionD. acronym14. In the sentence “John decided to nurse his sister himself”, “nurse” is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.A. compoundingB. derivationC. conversionD. acronym15.In the sentence “John was asked to leave after his three-day stay in the town”, “stay”is considered an example of the word-formation process using _________.A. compoundingB. derivationC. conversionD. acronym16. Which of the following terms refers to the form which remains when all derivational and inflectional affixes have been removed?A. stemB. rootC. baseD. affix17. Which of the following terms refers to the form which remains when all derivational affixes have been removed?A. stemB. rootC. baseD. affix18. Which of the following terms refers to the form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed?A. stemB. rootC. baseD. affix19. Any root or stem can be termed as a _______.A. stemB. rootC. baseD. affix20.A _______ is a form which is not further analyzable, either in terms of derivational or inflectional morphology.A. stemB. rootC. baseD. affix21. The wo rd “wife” used to mean “woman”, now it means “married woman esp. in relation to her husband”. The word has undergone a sort of semantic change called _____.A. elevationB. degenerationC. extensionD. restriction22.The word “holiday” used to mean “holy day, a day of religious significance”, and now it refers to “day of recreation, when no work is done”. This is an example of _____ of meaning.A. extensionB. restrictionC. degenerationD. elevation23.The word “salary” used to mean “a sum of money given to Roman soldiers to enable them to buy salt”, and now it refers to “fixed payment made by employer at regular intervals to person doing other than manual work”. This is an example of _____ of meaning.A. extensionB. restrictionC. degenerationD. elevation24.The word “starve” used to mean “to die”, and now it refers to “to die of hunger”. This is an example of _____ of meaning.A. extensionB. restrictionC. degenerationD. elevation25.The word “shrewd” used to mean “evil, bad, wicked”, and now it refers to “clever or sharp in practical affairs”. This is an example of _____ of meaning.A. extensionB. restrictionC. degenerationD. elevation26. The Renaissance brought great changes to the English vocabulary _______.A. from 1100 to 1500 ADB. from 1500 to 1700 ADC. from 450 to 1100 ADD. from 1700 to 1900 AD27. French brought great changes to the English vocabulary _______.A. from 1100 to 1500 ADB. from 1500 to 1700 ADC. from 450 to 1100 ADD. from 1700 to 1900 AD28. The transitional period from Old English to Modern English is known as _________.A. Ancient EnglishB. Primordial EnglishC. Contemporary EnglishD. Middle English29. The English language from 1500 AD to the present is called ________ .A. Ancient EnglishB. Old EnglishC. Middle EnglishD. Modern English30. Which of the following is not a phase in the development of the English language?A. Old EnglishB. Middle EnglishC. Modern EnglishD. Contemporary English31.The word “tear”meaning “the drop of salty water from the eye”and the word “tear”meaning “to pull sharply apart” are called a pair of ________.A. homophonesB. perfect homonymsC. homographsD. polysemic words32. The word “lead” meaning “guide or take, esp. by going in front, etc.” and the word “lead”meaning “an easily melted metal of a dull bluish-grey color” are called a pair of ________.A. homophonesB. perfect homonymsC. homographsD. polysemic words33. The word “lie” meaning “make a statement that one knows to be untrue” and the word “lie”meaning “put oneself flat on a horizontal surface” are called a pair of ________.A. homophonesB. perfect homonymsC. homographsD. polysemic words34. The word “base” meaning “the thing or part on which something rests” and the word “base”meaning “having or showing little or no honour, courage or decency”are called a pair of ________.A. homophonesB. perfect homonymsC. homographsD. polysemic words35. The word “son” meaning “one’s male child” and the word “sun” meaning “a star that is the basis of the solar system and that sustains life on Earth, being the source of heat and light” are called a pair of ________.A. homophonesB. perfect homonymsC. homographsD. polysemic words36. When a word has a range of different meanings, it belongs to the words of ________.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. antonymyD. polysemy37. When many pairs or groups of words which are different in meaning are pronounced alike or spelled alike, or both, such words belong to the words of ________.A. antonymyB. synonymyC. homonymyD. polysemy38.When words are identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning are called ________ .A. homophonesB. homographsC.homoformsD. homogenes39. ________ is the most common cause of homophones.A. semantic divergenceB. phonetic convergenceC. shorteningD. foreign influence40. When words are involved in the relationship which obtains between specific and general lexical items, such that the former is included in the latter, the words belong to the words of ________.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy41.We can use “a silver lining” for “every cloud has a silver lining”. The kind of usage of the idiom is known as _______.A. separationB. additionC. abbreviationD. extension42.We can use “pull an unhappy face” for “pull a long face”. The kind of usage of the idiom is known as _______.A. separationB. replacementC. abbreviationD. extension43.We can use “see too many trees, but not the forest” for “cannot see the wood for the trees”. The kind of usage of the idiom is known as _______.A. separationB. omissionC. abbreviationD. extension44.We can use “come of marriage age” for “come of age”. The kind of usage of the idiom is known as _______.A. separationB. replacementC. abbreviationD. extension45. What is the rhetoric style illustrated by the idiom “neck and neck”?A. comparisonB. rhymeC. alliterationD. repetition46. _______ is the central factor in a word describing what it is.A. Denotative meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Stylistic meaningD. Affective meaning47. _______ consists of word-class and inflectional paradigm.A. Denotative meaningB. Connotative meaningC. grammatical meaningD. lexical meaning48. _______ refers to the emotional association which a word suggests in one’s mind.A. Denotative meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Stylistic meaningD. Affective meaning49._______ is that which a piece of language conveys about the social circumstances of its use.A. Denotative meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Stylistic meaningD. Affective meaning50. _______ is concerned with the expression of feelings and attitudes of the speaker or writer.A. Denotative meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Stylistic meaningD. Affective meaning二、名词解释题51. proverbabsolute synonym52. function wordsonomatopoeic words53. homonymydegradation54. metaphorprefixation55. polysemyelevation of meaning三、Word-building processes56. IOC VIP fire-proof ad auto plane CIA BBC ID record-breaking raindrop newscast brunch botel motel beautility champ dorm steamboat honeybee57. sit-in TB phone shoulder-high bit somg stagflation comsat sitcom gym taxi memo vet TEFL SALT dropout setback UN OPEC crystal-clear58.round-the-clock NATO sci-fi telex proof-reader schoolboy chute bus copter PE ASEAN NASA TOEFL air-conditioning lion’s share dozer plane airtel faction lunarnaut59.sea-green flowerbed VOA bike fridge medicare Motown hi-fi tec scope quake NBC EPA UNESCO H-bomb air-tight silkworm peace-loving slimnastics docudrama60.morning person ROM CD flu brunch travelog workaholic motel telex nark pop biz math VCR sun-tanned arms race fire engine handwriting ABC RAM四、Rewriting the short paragraph61. First VersionEven since I was a CHILD, I have wanted to go on the stage and be an ACTRESS, like my elder sister. She is less PRETTY than I am and I hoped that if I was LUCKY, I, too, would have the chance to PERFORM three or four times a week at our little local theatre.Second VersionEver since my ____, I have wanted to go on the stage and ____, like my elder sister. I am ____ than she is, and I hoped that with ____, I, too, would have the chance to give ____ three or four times a week at our little local theatre.62. First Version“You should be CONFIDENT. You are ABLE to do it,” she told me, “but you may not have the PATIENCE. It takes a lot of hard work to be SUCCEESSFUL. You can ACHIEVE anything if you stick to it.”Second Version“You should have _____ in yourself. You’ve got the _____ to do it,” she told me, “but you may be too ____. It takes a lot of hard work to ____. You can make any ____ if you stick to it.”63. First VersionThen she would DESCRIBE in DETAIL of her CONFUSION and embarrassment when the man who was DIRECTING the play told her that she spoke and MOVE too slowly in one scene. Second VersionThen she would give me a ____ ____ of how _____ and embarrassed she’d been when the ____ of the play told her that her speech and ____ were too slow in one scene.64. First VersionShe was supposed to run across the stage and, after HESITATING for a moment, say “WELCOME!” to and old woman who was ENTERING from the other side. “But take CARE because the stage is SLIPPERY,” he said.Second VersionShe was supposed to run across the stage and, after a moment’s ____, to ____ an old woman who was making her ____ from the other side. “But be ____ not to ____,” he said.65. First VersionThere was no DOUBT that the stage was very slippery, but she would PROBABL Y have reached the other side SAFEL Y if she had not fallen over her long skirt, which was in FASHION that year, and tumbled right off the stage, to the ASTONISHMENT of the audience.Second VersionThe stage was ____ very slippery, but it’s ____ that she would have reached the other side in ____ if she had not fallen over her long skirt, which was ____ that year, and tumbled right off the stage. The audience was ____.五、简答题（略）……答案一、单选题1. C2. C3. C4. A5. D6. A7. D8. B9. D10. A11. C12. C13. C14. C15. C16. A17. C18. B19. C20. B21. D22. A23. A24. B25. D26. B27. A28. D29. D30. D31. C32. C33. B34. B35. A36. D37. C38. A39. B40. A41. C42. B43. A44. D45. D46. A47. C48. B49. C50. D二、名词解释题51. proverb: it is a well-known, supposedly wise saying usually in simple language expressinga fact or a truth which deals with everyday experience.e.g. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. / The early bird catches the worm.absolute synonyms: two words that are fully identical in meaning and interchangeable in any context without the slightest alteration in connotative, affective and stylistic meanings.e.g. word-formation and word-building or spirants and fricatives.52. function words: short words such as prepositions, conjunctions and so on. They don’t have much lexical meaning and serve grammatically more than anything else. They are in contrast to content words, which have independent lexical meaning and used to name objects, actions, states and so on. e.g. in, on and from.onomatopoeic words: They are the words imitating the sounds or sounding like natural sounds.e.g. cuckoo, tick, bang.53.homonymy: It is the relationship between words in the pairs which, though different in meaning, are pronounced alike, or spelled alike or both.e.g. lead (to guide) / lead (a gray metal), tear (drop of salty water coming from the eye) / tear (pull sharply to pieces), bear / baredegradation: It means that words once respectable or neutral shift to a less respectable even degraded meaning.e.g. genteel, terrific, accident54. metaphor: It is a figure of speech containing an implied comparison based on association of similarity.e.g. the teeth of a saw, a shower of stones, the tongue of a shoeprefixation: It is the word-formation process by the addition of a word element before an already existing word.e.g. multimedia, inconvenience, antiart55. polysemy: If a word has got more than two meanings, then it belongs to words of polysemy.e.g. rich, full, getelevation of meaning: Elevation is the process where words go uphill, shifting from words showing disrespectable meaning to better meaning. e.g. craftsman, shrewd三、Word-building processes56. compounding: fire-proof record-breaking raindrop steamboat honeybee acronymy: CIA IOC VIP BBC IDclipping: ad auto champ dorm planeblending: newscast brunch botel motel beautility57. compounding: sit-in dropout setback shoulder-high crystal-clearacronymy: TB UN OPEC TEFL SALTclipping: phone gym taxi memo vetblending: bit somg stagflation comsat sitcom58. compounding: round-the-clock air-conditioning proof-reader schoolboy lion’s share acronymy: NATO PE ASEAN NASA TOEFLclipping: chute bus copter dozer planeblending: sci-fi telex airtel faction lunarnaut59. compounding: sea-green flowerbed air-tight silkworm peace-lovingacronymy: VOA NBC EPA UNESCO H-bombclipping: bike fridge tec scope quakeblending: slimnastics docudrama medicare Motown hi-fi60. compounding: morning person sun-tanned arms race fire engine handwriting acronymy: ROM CD VCR ABC RAMclipping: flu nark pop biz mathblending: brunch travelog workaholic motel telex四、Rewriting the short paragraph61. 1. childhood 2. act 3. prettier 4. luck 5. performances62. 1. confidence 2. ability 3. impatient 4. succeed 5. achievement63. 1. detailed 2. description 3. confused 4. director 5. movement64. 1. hesitation 2. welcome 3. entrance 4. careful 5. slip65. 1. undoubtedly 2. probable 3. safety 4. fashionable 5. astonished五、简答题（略）……。

词汇学练习题-(2)

1..Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct.A. wordB. formC. morphemeD. root2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.A. SemanticsB. LinguisticsC. EtymologyD. Stylistics3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes.A. GreekB. RomanC. ItalianD. Germanic4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.A. linguisticB. grammaticalC. arbitraryD. semantic5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effectsA. situationB. contextC. timeD. place6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference.A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.A. technicalB. artisticC. differentD. academic8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.A. SlangB. JargonC. Dialectal wordsD. Argot9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words.A. JargonB. ArgotC. Dialectal wordsD. Slang10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it.A. workersB. criminalsC. any personD. policeman11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question.A. ArgotB. SlangC. JargonD. Dialectal words12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use.A. commonB. littleC. slightD. great13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings.A. newB. oldC. badD. good14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.A. functionalB. notionalC. emptyD. formal15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.A. contentB. notionalC. emptyD. new1.It is assumed that the world has approximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)languages, which canbe grouped into _________on the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 500B. 4000C. 300D. 20002.The prehistoric Indo-European parent language is thought to be a highly ______language.A. inflectedB. derivedC. developedD. analyzed3.After the _________, the Germanic tribes called Angles ,Saxons, and Jutes came in greatnumbers.A. GreeksB. IndiansC. RomansD. French4.The introduction of ________had a great impact on the English vocabulary.A. HinduismB. ChristianityC. BuddhismD. Islamism5.In the 9th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With theinvaders, many ________words came into the English language.A. GreekB. RomanC. CelticD. Scandinavian6.It is estimated that at least ______ words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modernEnglish.A. 500B. 800C. 1000 .D. 9007.The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started acontinual flow of ______ words into English.A. FrenchB. GreekC. RomanD. Latin8.By the end of the _______century , English gradually came back into the schools, the lawcourts, and government and regained social status.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14thD.15th9.As a result , Celtic made only a ________contribution to the English vocabulary.A. smallB. bigC. greatD. smaller10. The Balto-Slavic comprises such modern languages as Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian, Slovenian and _______.A. GreekB. RomanC. IndianD. Russian11.In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which arederived from the dead language_______..A. SanskritB. LatinC. RomanD. Greek12.Greek is the modern language derived from _______.A. LatinB. HellenicC. Indian D . Germanic13.The five Roamance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian allbelong to the Italic through an intermediate language called _______.A. SanskritB. LatinC. CelticD. Anglo-Saxon14.The ________family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian,Icelandic, Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages.A. GermanicB. Indo-EuropeanC. AlbanianD. Hellenic15.By the end of the _______century , virtually all of the people who held political or socialpower and many of those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin.A. 10thB.11thC.12thD. 13th1.The prefixes in the words of ir resistible, non classical and a political are called _______.A.reversative prefixesB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes2.The prefixes contained in the following words are called ______: pseudo-friend, mal practice,mis trust.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes3.The prefixed contained in un wrap, de-compose and dis allow are _________.A. reversative prefixedB. negative prefixesC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes4.The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and arch bishop are _____ .A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes5.The prefixes in words bi lingual ,uni form and hemis phere are ________.A.number prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. pejorative prefixesD. locative prefixes6.________ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and fore head.A.Prefixes of orientation and attitudeB. Prefixes of time and orderC. Locative prefixesD. Prefixes of degree or size7. Rugby ,afghan and champagne are words coming from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames8. Omega,Xerox and orlon are words from _________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames9.Ex-student, fore tell and post-election contain________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. locative prefixes10.Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _______A. names of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames11.The prefixes in words new-Nazi, autobiography and pan-European are ________.A.negative prefixesB. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes12.The prefixes in words anti-government , pro student and contra flow are _____-.A.prefixes of degree or sizeB. prefixes of orientation and attitudeC. prefixes of time and orderD. miscellaneous prefixes13.Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from ________.s of booksB. names of placesC. names of peopleD. tradenames14.The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are ______.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes15.The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are ________.A. noun suffixesB. verb suffixesC. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes1.A word is the combination of form and ________.A. spellingB. writingC. meaningD. denoting2._______is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. ConceptC. SenseD. Context3.Sense denotes the relationships _______the language.A. outsideB. withC. beyondD. inside4. Most English words can be said to be ________.A. non-motivatedB. motivatedC. connectedD. related5.Trumpet is a(n) _______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. semanticallyC. onomatopoeicallyD. etymologically6.Hopeless is a ______motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically7.In the sentence ‘ He is fond of pen ’ , pen is a ______ motivated word.A. morphologicallyB. onomatopoeicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically8.Walkman is a _______motivated word.A. onomatopoeicallyB. morphologicallyC. semanticallyD. etymologically9.Functional words possess strong _____ whereas content words have both meanings, andlexical meaning in particular.A. grammatical meaningB. conceptual meaningC. associative meaningD. arbitrary meaning10._______is unstable, varying considerably according to culture, historical period, and the experience of the individual.A.Stylistic meaningB. Connotative meaningC. Collocative meaningD. Affective meaning11.Affective meaning indicates the speaker’s _______towards the person or thing in question.A. feeling .B. likingC. attitudeD. understanding12. _________ are affective words as they are expressions of emotions such as oh, dear me, alas.A. PrepositionsB. InterjectionsC. ExclamationsD. Explanations13. It is noticeable that _______overlaps with stylistic and affective meanings because in a sense both stylistic and affective meanings are revealed by means of collocations.A.conceptual meaningB. grammatical meaningC. lexical meaningD. collocative meaning14.In the same language, the same concept can be expressed in ______.A. only one wordB. two wordsC. more than threeD. different words15.Reference is the relationship between language and the ______.A. speakersB. listenersC. worldD. specific country16.In modern English one may find some words whose sounds suggest their ______pounds and derived words are ______ words and the meanings of many are the sum totalof the morphemes combined.18._______ refers to the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word.19.The meanings of many words often relate directly to their ______. In other words the historyof the word explains the meaning of the word.20.Lexical meaning itself has two components : conceptual meaning and _________.1.Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to ______.A. English onlyB. Chinese onlyC. all natural languagesD. some natural languages2.From the ______ point of view, polysemy is assumed to be the result of growth anddevelopment of the semantic structure of one and same word .A. linguisticB. diachronicC. synchronicD. traditional3._______ is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the center and thesecondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rayes.A Radiation B. Concatenation C. Derivation D. Inflection4. _________ is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally developed and that which the term had at the beginning.A. DerivationB. RadiationC. InflectionD. Concatenation5.One important criterion to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is to see their ______.A. spellingB. pronunciationC. etymologyD. usage6. ________refer to one of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.A. PolysemantsB. SynonymsC. AntonymsD. Hyponyms7. The sense relation between the two words tulip and flower is _______.A. hyponymyB. synonymyC. polysemyD. antonymy8. _________ are words identical only in spelling but different in sound and meaning, e.g. bow/bau/; bow/beu/.A. HomophonesB. HomographsC. Perfect homonymsD. Antonyms9. The antonyms: male and female are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms10.The antonyms big and small are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected terms11.The antonyms husband and wife are ______.A. contradictory termsB. contrary termsC. relative termsD. connected termsposition and compounding in lexicology are words of _______.A. absolute synonymsB. relative synonymsC. relative antonymsD. contrary antonyms13.As homonyms are identical in sound or spelling, particularly ______, they are often employedin a conversation to create puns for desired effect of humor, sarcasm or ridicule.A. homographsB. homophonesC. absolute homonymsD. antonyms14.From the diachronic point of view, when the word was created, it was endowed with only onemeaning . The first meaning is called ______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. basic meaning15.Synchronically, the basic meaning of a word is the core of word-meaning called_______.A. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. secondary meaning1.The original meaning of manuscript is ________.A.any author’s writingB. handwritingC. any author’s worksD. a piece of paper2.The original meaning of barn is ______.A. a place for storing only barleyB. a storeroomC. a restroomD. a bathroom3.The extended meaning of journal is ______A. daily paperB. any paperC. magazinesD. periodical4.In Shakespearean line ‘rats and mice and such small dee r’, deer obviously designates ‘_____’ in general.A. a doeB.. animalC. a deerlike animalD. buck5.The original meaning of wife is _______.A. a married womanB. a young womanC. womanD. widowed woman6.The meaning of meat changed by mode of _______.A. extensionB. narrowingC. elevationD. degradation7.The meaning of fond changed by mode of _______.A. extensionB. narrowingC. elevationD. degradation8.The original meaning of minister is ______.A. head of a ministryB. a tutorC.a farmerD. servant9.The original meaning of success is ______.A.resultB. progressC. eventD. incident10.The meaning of churl changed by mode of _______.A. elevationB. extensionC. degradationD. narrowing11.The original meaning of knave is _______.A. elevationB. extensionC. degradationD. narrowing12.The original meaning of silly is ______.A. sadB. jealousC. happyD. cold13.Loud colours belongs to ______.A.transfer of sensationsB. transfer between abstract and concrete meaningsC.transfer from objective to subjectiveD. transfer from subjective to objective14. Dreadful and hateful belong to _______.A. transfer from subjective to objectiveB. transfer of sensationC. transfer from objective to subjectiveD. transfer between abstract and concrete meanings15. The meaning of picture changed by modes of _____.A. extensionB. narrowingC. degradationD. elevationII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16. V ocabulary is the most unstable element of a language as it is undergoing constant changes both in form and _____.17. Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, ____and trandfer. Of these, extension and _______are by far the most common.18. Linguistic context can be subdivided into lexical context and ______.19. The extra-linguistic context may extend to embrace the entire _____,which may also affect the meaning of words .20.Ambiguity often arises due to polysemy and _____.16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _____of words.17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the ______ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _____development, formation and ______.18.English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology,______,etymology, stylistics, ________.19.There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _______.nguage study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_______.16.Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as _______.17.. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings , Middle English was one of______.18.It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to thepresent _____ language.19.The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups , which can be groupedinto an Eastern set: Balto-Slavic , Indo-Iranian ,Armenian and Albanian; a Western set :Celtic, Italic, Hellenic, _______.20.It is necessary to subdivide Modern English into Early (1500-1700)and _____ ModernEnglish.16. Affixation is generally defined as the formation of words by adding word-forming or derivational affixes to stem. This process is also known as_____.17aaapounding , also called ________, is the formation of new words by joining two or more stems . Words formed in this way are called _________.18. __________ is the formation of new words by converting words of one class to another class.19. _________ is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word . Words formed in this way are called blends or _____words.20 A common way of making a word is to shorten a longer word by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead. This is called _______.16.One important criterion for differentiation of homonyms from polysemants is to see their ____,the second principal consideration is ________.17.In dictionaries, a polysemant has its meanings all listed under one ______whereas homonymsare listed as separate ______.18.The differences between synonyms boil down to three areas : _______, connotation ,and_____.19.Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion. That is, the meaning of a morespecific word is included in that of another more general word. The general words are called the _____terms and the more specific words are called the _____ terms.20.The massive word store of a language like English can be conceived of as composed arounda number of meaning areas. Some large, such as ‘philosophy’ or ‘emotions’, other smaller,such as ‘kinship’ or ‘color’. Viewing the total meaning in this way is the basis of ______.[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

《词汇学》练习试题02PART ONE Multiple Choice（15%）DIRECTIONS: Altogether there are 15 statements in this section. Beneath each statement there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one that best completes the statement. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1. Morphology is the study about ___B___.A. words’ soundB. words’ formC. words’ meaningD. words’ collocation2. __B____ has devoted much of his life to the construction of CL, that is, cognitive linguistics.A. PlatoB. ChomskyC. SaussureD. Lakoff3. All the words in the following items are complex words except __C____.A. cut-throatB. valuableC. wearD. runaway4. Negro, a(n) ___A___ in American English, means a black man.A. tabooB. euphemismC. jargonD. colloquialism5. ___D___ had been the temporary official language in the UK Island in the 11-12th centuries.A. ChineseB. NorseC. DutchD. French6. T he word bazaar from Persian is regarded as a kind of __D____.A. denizenB. alienC. translation loanD. semantic loan7. The following underlined morphemes in the words are all bound morphemes except __A____.A. teachingB. man-madeC. humanismD. assistance8. In shorting, there are various forms for the shortened words, and “dorm” belongs to __C____.A. initialismB. acronymC. clippingD. blending9. The word “fame” in the sentence “He came to this city seeking money and fame.” refers to its ___D___ meaning.A. stylisticB. affectiveC. socialD. reflected10. The word “face” is defined as “t he surface of the front of the head from the top of the forehead to the base of the chin and from ear to ear” in the dictionary. Which of the following shows the central meaning of face? CA. What this generation must do is to face its problems.B. Don't show your face on my property again.C. We saw many new faces on the first day of classes.D. The young girl offered a sweet kiss on his face.11. The word “busyboy” used to r efer to a busy person, but now it refers to any officious and meddlesome person, so “busyboy” has undergone __D____ in its change of meaning.A. extensionB. narrowingC. euphemismD. degradation12. The idiom “a black sleep” is a kind of ___B__ idioms in nature.A. nominalB. adjectivalC. verbalD. adverbial13. LDCE is a kind of ___A___.A. dictionaryB. thesaurusC. corpusD. vocabulary14. In Old English, most words have ___D___.A. few word endingsB. no word endingsC. many word endingsD. few grammatical functions15. Which of the following groups of antonyms belongs to the same type of antonym with “alive /dead”?AA. present /absentB. young /oldC. parents /childrenD. cop /thiefPART TWO Terms （5%）DIRECTIONS: In this part of the test, there are 5 terms from lexicology. Choose the right words or phrases from the list given below to best explain these terms. Write the proper answer on the ANSWER SHEET.A. The branch of linguistics that deals with the lexical component of language.B. The element that carries the main component of meaning in a word and provides the basis from which a word is derived by adding affixes or inflectional endings or by phonetic change.C. The act or an example of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive, such as “pass away” for “die”.D. The data bank of e-textsE. The study of the rules whereby words or other elements of sentence structure are combined to form grammatical sentences.16. syntax ( E )17. corpus ( D )18. root ( A )19. euphemism ( C )20. lexicology ( B )PART THREE Morphemes （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 morphemes in this section. You are required to find the appropriate meaning for each morpheme and write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET. The possible meanings of morphemes:A. femaleB. metalC. offD. too muchE. a littleF. negativeG. takeH. threeI. smallest J. chief21. tripod ( H ) 22. minibus ( I )23. receive ( G ) 24. archetype ( J )25. antiwar ( F ) 26. deoxygenate ( C )27. reddish ( ) 28. uranium ( B )29. overwork ( D ) 30. millionaires ( )PART FOUR Word Formation （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 underlined words in this section. You are required to find the appropriate method to form the underlined words given below. Write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET.A. shortening 缩略词B. suffixationC. prefixationD. compound 复合词E. conversion 转换F. reduplication重复G. borrowing 借用词H. onomatopoeia拟声I. metaphorical shift隐喻性的转变J. proper names专有名词31. Don’t make a pig of yourself even though you feel very hungry. I32. There are some go-go industries such as micro-processing and laser technology. F33. D-day refers to the unnamed day on which an operation or offensive is to be launched, especially June 6, 1944, the day on which the Allied forces invaded France during World War II. A34. This alloy is formed by the fusion of two types of metal. E35. It is time-wasting to set about doing this business. D36. The little boys head forward to the remote village. E37. This helps us to know better about the Middle East bazaar. G38. The birds chirp softly, sounding almost like young pups. H39. The Christian heaven can be seen as a sort of spiritual utopia. J40. Could you consult your parents about the question? JPART FIVE Sense relations （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 pairs of words in this section. You are required to pick out the rightgroup of words to show the same sense relations in each pair of words, and write down the appropriate choice on the ANSWER SHEET.41. AGREE: DENY BA. true: falseB. live: dieC. marry: divorceD. tall: short42. GIGANTIC: ENORMOUS CA. hospitable: hostileB. numerous: countableC. terrific: wonderfulD. respectable: disdainful43. SUCCESS: FAILURE AA. win: loseB. happiness: wealthC. care: loveD. victory: triumph44. CAMERA: PICTURE DA. television: remoteB. VCR: expertiseC. duplicator: carbonD. projector: movie45. FATHER: MOTHER AA. right: wrongB. teacher: studentC. north: southD. east: west46. ROSE: LOVE AA. dove: peaceB. dark: pitchC. pig: swineD. cat: tiger47. FURNITURE: SOFA AA. cooker: ovenB. cupboard: trunkC. television: radioD. jug: water48. SCHOOL: EDUCATION CA. hospital: patientB. office: duplicatorC. Hotel: lobbyD. restaurant: food49. SURPRISE: ASTONISH DA. little: smallB. fearful: terribleC. busy: business D: happy: joyful50. COP: POLICEMAN CA. fame: prestigeB. detective: suspectC. bull: cowD. teacher: knowledgePART SIX English Idioms （10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 idiomatic phrases listed in this section. You are required to fill in the blanks with these phrases to show the same rhetorical features with the one before them. Write the right choice on the ANSWER SHEET.A. safe and sound: (toss and turn )( slow and sure )B. pass away: (go to heaven ) (kick the bucket )C. eat like a horse: (sleep like a log) ( as tricky as a monkey )D. here and there: (far and near ) ( pros and cons )E. shed crocodile tears: (a paper tiger ) (an old fox )PART SEVEN Affixes（10%）DIRECTIONS: There are 10 words in this part of the test. You are required to add a prefix or suffix to the word to show its opposite meaning. Write the right answer (the whole word) on the ANSWER SHEET.Example: patient (impatient)61. logic ( illogic ) 62. moral ( immoral )63. regular ( irregular ) 64. traditional ( nontraditional )65. use ( useless ) 66. connect ( disconnect )67. fortune ( unfortune ) 68. sufficient ( insufficient )69. grade ( degrade ) 70. peace ( non-peace )PART EIGHT Applications of lexicology（30%）DIRECTIONS: There are 6 questions or statements in this part of the test. Answer these questions or narrate the statements according to what you’ve learned from lexicology. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.71. Analyze the formation of the wor d “durables” in terms of root, ste m, and affix, and express the changes of meaning.Dure(v.忍耐，忍受)---durabe（adj耐用的/n.耐用品）---durables（durable耐用品的复数）72. Join one word in group A with another in group B to make a possible compound according to the words below. Note: e ach word will be used only ONCE, and you’re required to form only five compounds in this part of the test.Group A: red(eyed) green(handed) blue (blooded) white(minded) dark(haired)Group B: eyed blooded haired handed minded73. Try to analyze the following words in terms of semantic opposition or componential analysis, that is, [±HUMAN] [±ADULT] [±MALE].EXAMPLE: man [+HUMAN] [+ADULT] [+MALE]A. woman(+HUMAN)(+ADULT)(-MAIL)B. girl(+HUMAN)(-ADULT)(-MAIL)74. Analyze the ambiguity in the following sentence. (at least two possible meanings for the sentence)He drove the man to the bank. And he withdrew one thousand dollars./ And he took a nice sun bath.75. List five synonyms of the word “look”. Here is an example: glareStare ,glance ,watch, see, peek76. Use both ways (affixes and antonym) to find out the words that display the opposite meaning. Write the answer on the answer sheet.true ( untrue ) ( false )agree ( disagree ) ( deny )perfect ( imperfect ) ( shortcoming )tidy ( untidy ) ( messy )polite ( impolite ) ( discourteous /rude )happy ( unhappy ) ( miserable )参考答案：一、每小题1分，共15分（1-15题）BDCAD BBCBD DAACA二、每小题1分，共5分（16-20题）EDBCA三、每小题1分，共10分（21-30题）HIGJF CEBDA四、每小题1分，共10分（31-40题）IFABD EGHJC五、每小题1分，共10分（41-50题）DCADB AADBA六、每小题1分，共10分（51-60题）51. toss and turn 52. slow and sure53. go to heaven 54. kick the bucket55. sleep like a log 56. as tricky as a monkey57. pros and cons 58. far and near59. a paper tiger 60. an old fox七、每小题1分，共10分（61-70题）61. illogic 62. immoral63. irregular 64. nontraditional65. useless 66. disconnect67. misfortune 68. insufficient69. degrade 70. anti-peace八、每小题5分，共30分（71-76题）71. dur (root) + -able (suffix) →durable (stem, adj.) + conversion →durable (stem, n.) + -s (inflectional affix, plural form) →durables72. red-handed, green-eyed, blue-blooded, white-haired, dark-minded73. A. woman [+HUMAN] [+ADULT] [- MALE]B. girl [+HUMAN] [- ADULT] [- MALE]74. He drove the man to the bank so that he could catch the last ship.He drove the man to the bank so that he could save the money in time.75. look: stare, peer, peep, glimpse, glance, peek, glare, gaze76. agree ( disagree ) ( deny )perfect ( imperfect ) ( faulty )tidy ( untidy ) ( disorderly )polite ( impolite ) ( rude )happy ( unhappy ) ( sad )。

词汇学试题练习02

词汇学第一、二章课后习题及答案

词汇学试题及答案

英语词汇学第九单元测试题2(附答案)

词汇学试题及答案

lexicology2词汇学练习及答案

（完整版）英语词汇学英语词汇学习题2及答案

最新英语词汇学-英语词汇学习题2及答案

词汇学自测题II

词汇学模拟试卷2及答案

词汇学试卷2

!词汇学综合练习题

英语词汇学试题及答案

词汇学考试题2

词汇学练习题 (2)-推荐下载

词汇学语言考试题及答案

词汇学练习参考答案

英语词汇学_习题集2(含答案)

词汇学练习题-(2)