2014最新高考英语新题型(完整精华版)

第一部分名词、数词、代词、形容词副词、动词基础一. 对名词的考查1.考查名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(1).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(规则变化)①一般情况下直接在单数名词之后加-s变为复数名词。

例如：desk→desks, key→keys, monkey→monkeys, boy→boys等②以-x,-s,-ch,-sh,结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，在单数名词之后加-es。

例如：fox→foxes, boss→bosses, bus→buses, class→classes, dress→dresses, witness→witnesses, address→addresses, beach→beaches,coach→coaches,couch→couches,inch→inches,s andwich→sanwiches,church→churches,wa tch→watches,match→matches,speech→speeches,witch→witches,dish→dishes,brush→brushes,goldfish→g oldfish, fish→fishes, toothbrush→toothbrushes等。

③以o结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，在单数名词之后加-s的有：zoo→zoos,radio→radios,photo→photos,piano→pianos,kilo→kilos,mango→mangos,bamboo→bamboos,ka ngaroo→kangaroos。

加-es有：tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes, dodo→dodoes/s,hero→heroes。

④以辅音字母+y结尾的单数名词变为复数名词时，先变y为i，再加-es。

例如：family→families,lady→ladies,baby→bibies,copy→copies,body→bodies,century→centuries,diary→diaries, dictionary→dictionaries,factory→factories,library→libaries,battery→batteries,documentry→documentries,b uddy→buddies,ability→abilities,country→countries,butterfly→butterflies,enemy→enemies,memory→mem ories,balcony→balconies,laboratory→laboratrories,beauty→beauties,charity→charities,comedy→comedies, industry→industries,quallity→quallities,reply→replies,difficulty→difficulties,theropy→theropies,mystery→mysteries, hobby→hobbies,story→stories,city→cities,laundry→laundries,activity→activities等。

⑤f或fe结尾单数变为复数名词时先变f或fe为v再加-es。

half→halves, knife→knives,wife→wives,leaf→leaves,shelf→shelves,herself→themseves,scalf→scalfs/scalves,wolf→wolves等。

考例1：Look! There are some ___ (bird) flying in the sky.考例2：Your present is in one of the ____. Can you guess? (box)考例3：Newspaper reports say that some more ___ (country) have become E.U.(欧盟)members this year. 考例4：The earthquake rocked the cities in the north of Algeria. Many people lost their ____. (life) (2).名词的单数形式转换成复数形式(不规则变化)foot→feet,tooth→teeth,child→children,man→men,woman→women,policeman→policemen,policewoman→policewomen,Frenchman→Frenchmen,snowman→snowmen,businessman→businessmen,Englishman→E nglishmen,gentleman→gentlemen, salesman→salesmen, mouse→mice/mouses(鼠标),sheep→sheep, Chinese→Chinese, Japanese→Japanese, fish→fish等。

考例1：It‟s good for us to brush our ____ (tooth) after meals.2.考查名词的所有格考例1：Chocolate is usually _____ favourite food. (child)考例2：Tomorrow is ___ (father) Day. What will you do for your dad?注意：母亲节为Mother‟s Day,妇女节为Women‟s Day,儿童节为Children‟s Day,教师节为Teachers‟ Day。

3.考查名词转换成形容词名词转换成形容词有以下几种情况：(1)名词+y →形容词例如：rain→rainy,wind→windy,cloud→cloudy,sun→sunny,snow→snowy,fog→foggy,mist→misty,health→healthy,luck→lucky,unluck→unlucky,noise→noisy,fun →funny,thirst→thirsty等。

(2)名词+ful→形容词例如：care→careful, thank→thankful,help→helpful,use→useful,wonder→wonderful,colour→colourful,pain→painful,success→successful等。

(3).名词+n→形容词例如：America→American, Russia→Russian,India→Indian, Australia→Australian, Canada→Canadian,Italy→Italian等。

(4).名词+ ern→形容词例如：east→eastern,west→western,north→northern,south→southern等。

(5).名词+ous→形容词例如:danger→dangerous,fame→famous等。

注意：friend→friendly,wool→woolen,difference→different,difficulty→difficult,importance→important,pride→pr oud,person→personal,safety→safe,confidence→confident等。

考例1：What a ____ (rain) day! We have to stay at home.考例2：Too much homework is really ____ (pain) to students.4.考查名词变为副词success→successfully,care→carefully,care→carelessly,health→healthily,noise→noisily等。

考例：They played so ___ that they lost the football match. (care)二．对数词的考查1.考查基数词转换成序数词基数词变为序数词时,一般情况下在基数词之后加-th。

例如：four → fourth但是，特殊的基数词变为序数词可用以下口诀来帮助记忆：一、二、三单独记，八去t,九去e,五和十二记仔细，f来把ve替，ty变成tie，后面再加th。

即：one→first,two→second,three→third,eight →eighth,nine→ninth,five→fifth,twelve→twelfth,twenty→ twentieth,thirty→thirtieth,forty→fortieth,fifty→fiftieth,sixty→sixtieth,seventy→seventieth,eighty →eightieth,ninety→ninetieth等。

考例1：The ___ (eight) lesson is not so easy as the ninth lesson, I think.考例2：We will have the ___ celebration for the return of Hong Kong. (nine)考例3：The students from America live on the ____ floor. (nine)考例4：Liu Xiang got the ___ (one) in his competition of the 2004Olympic Games.2. 考查分数词考例：Two ___ (three) of the boys in my class are in the school football team. 三．对代词的考查1.考查人称代词主宾格之间的转换（不常出现）。

2.考查物主代词之间的转换考例：Yesterday I was doing some shopping in the supermarket when I met a friend of ___ (my).3.考查人称代词转换成自身代词考例1：The clever girl could teach ____ English when she was ten. (she)考例2：Thanks to space satellites, the world __ (it) is becoming a much smaller place.4. 考查人称代词转换成物主代词考例1：My schoolbag is different from ____ (he). Mine is newer.考例2：Our way of learning English is a lot better than ___. (they)考例3：_____ (we) city, Huai‟an ,is Zhou Enlan‟s hometown. We are proud of him.考例4：This is my dictionary. Where is ___ (you)?四．对形容词的考查1.考查形容词的比较级/最高级(1).形容词比较级/最高级的规则变化①一般单音节的形容词在词尾加-er/-est 例如：black→blacker/est, bright→brighter/est此外还有：cheap, clear, clean, clever, cold, cool, dear, dark, deep, fast, few,full,great,green,hard,high,kind,light,long,low,near,new,old,poor,quick,quiet,rich,short,slow,small,steep,s trong,sweet,tall,thick,yellow,young, warm, weak等。