文化问题翻译

合集下载

文化英语短文带翻译

文化英语短文带翻译
文化是社会的一个动态方面，包括语言、传统、信仰和艺术等各种因素。语言在定义文化方面起着至关重要的作用，因为它是社区内沟通和表达的主要手段。在这篇文章中，我们将深入探讨文化在学习英语作为第二语言中的重要性，并探索文化如何影响语言习得。
文化和语言密切相关。在学习一门新语言时，学习者不仅需要掌握必要的词汇和语法规则，还需要熟悉目标语言的文化和习俗。这种文化成分帮助学习者更深入地理解语言，并使他们能够与母语使用者有效地交流。
Language teaching methods can also be adapted to accommodate cultural differences. For example, in some cultures, learning is more teacher-centered, with a focus on memorization and repetition. In contrast, English language teaching often emphasizes student-centered approaches, promoting critical thinking and creativity. By acknowledging and respecting these cultural differences, educators can create a learning environment that meets the diverse needs of their students.
Culture and language are intimately intertwined. When learning a new language, learners not only acquire the necessary vocabulary and grammar rules but also familiarize themselves with the culture and customs of the target language. This cultural component helps learners gain a deeper understanding of the language and allows them to communicate effectively with native speakers.

翻译中的文化问题及解决方法

翻译中的文化问题及解决方法简析英语语言翻译中的文化障碍及对策译者在对文化因素进行处理时，应该分析实际情况，那么，英语语言翻译中的文化障碍及对策是什么?文学与语言这两者是互相依存的，文化依靠语言进行交流以及传播，语言又在文化传播过程中逐渐完善。

翻译不单单只是复制原文的内容和语义，它可谓是“移植”一个民族的文化传统与思维方式到另外一种语言文化之后，重新进行整合后展现出来的新面貌。

对此，笔者探究了应用语言翻译中存在的文化障碍和解决方案，具体探究见文。

一、英语语言翻译之中存在的文化障碍1.不同的思维方式致使原语无法与目的语语境相连接。

思维方式不同是文化差异中的重点表现。

思维即人们在概念以及表象基础上进行判断、分析、推理等构成一种思想过程。

每一个民族都具有其独特的文化环境，所以，形成的思维方式是不同的.。

汉语蕴含的哲学背景是对佛、道、儒的感悟，组词、造句与文章抒写主要提倡“形散而神不散”。

汉语语句言简意赅，富有弹性，给广大读者留有广阔的想象空间。

所以，我国人们的思维通常属于“螺旋式”。

而英美民族一直都生活在比较开放的环境中，他们较为重视个人的利益，说话做事直截了当。

所以，西方人形成的思维方式属于“直线式”。

上述这两种不同的思维方式影响了语言的实际表达方式。

汉语通常将推理、判断和观点放在句子和句群后边，以便让人留下深刻印象;英语却将强调部分放置在语句的开头。

这样人们在翻译时就会出现障碍，进而使原语和目的语语境间发生断裂。

2.民族文化可能导致语言翻译中的空缺和文化冲突。

每个民族都有自己独特的发展过程，这导致了不同的文化背景和社会习俗。

任何语言都有许多与本民族特有事物相关的词汇，这就导致了语言翻译中的空缺和文化冲突。

二、克服文化障碍的方案1.译者应该增强自身的文化意识。

其一，译者必须掌握中西方各自的思维方式与表达方式;其二，译者必须大量的进行阅读，了解中西方所具有的用语环境和社会习俗;其三，译者一定要经常进行换位思考，应用西方人的思维去表达和观察我国的变化以及发展。

文化翻译

• • • • • • • • • 挥金如土牛饮班门弄斧小地方中的大人物或矮个子中的高个子不知所措悬而未决酩酊大醉全力以赴同舟共济（同是天涯沦落人）
Culture difference caused by Folk customs • • • • • • have one foot in the grave to grow like mushrooms as easy as ABC a piece of cake a lucky dog to kill two birds with one stone • In the land of the blind, the one-eyed man is the king.
意译法 free translation
替代法 alternative
异化策略(foreignizing method)
直译法
literal translation音译法ຫໍສະໝຸດ transliteration
译注法
annotation
意译法
Domesticating strategies(归化策略) 布朗先生是个非常忠实可靠的人。那天 ,他意译法（liberal\free translation）脸上颇有病容。近来当原语中带有文化色彩的词语在译语中没有完全他闷闷不乐,我看到他相对应的词语,且用异化策略中诸法均译不通时 , 时他在沉思之中。希译者可不拘泥于原语的语言形式和字面意义 ,用望他早日恢复健康。跨文化的“对等”词来表达出原语的文化信息。 e.g. Mr. Brown is a very white man. He was looking rather green the other day. He has been feeling blue lately. When I saw him he was in a brown study. I hope he will soon be in the pink again.

“文化专有项”再定义及其翻译问题研究

“文化专有项”再定义及其翻译问题研究陈甜（郑州轻工业学院，河南郑州450000）摘要：文化专有项（Culture-Specific Items or CSI）的概念率先由西班牙翻译家、翻译理论家哈维·佛朗哥·艾克西拉（Javier Franco Aixelá）提出。

但他所下的定义似乎词不达意。

本研究基于文化的本质内涵和文化的双层特性，重新定义文化专有项这一术语，并通过实例若干来说明文化专有项是指某一民族专有的文化表达式，具有该民族鲜明独特文化内涵，并代表着人类各个民族显现出异彩纷呈的区别于其他民族的形态，由文化的特殊部分组成。

它既可以被译语文化中的读者理解或接受，又具有可译性特点。

关键词：文化；文化专有项；文化专有项的翻译中图分类号：H159文献标识码：A文章编号：1009-5039(2016)15-0096-021引言西班牙翻译家、翻译理论家哈维·佛朗哥·艾克西拉（Javier Franco Aixelá，1996:52-78）于1996年在《翻译中的文化专有项》（Culture-specific Items in Translation）一文中率先提出文化专有项的概念。

这一概念一经提出，受到了国内外学者们的极度关注。

张南峰（2004:18-23）是国内评介艾克西拉的文化专有项翻译策略的第一人。

他介绍了艾克西拉从翻译作品中归纳出十一种处理文化专有项的策略，肯定了这个分类法较之中国现有的分类法更为细致详尽，稍加修改，便能用于英汉翻译的描述与实践。

还有一些学者从顺应理论、目的论、模因论等视角分析文本中的文化专有项。

值得一提的是，他们从文本中挑选和判断文化专有项，全然依据的就是艾克西拉关于文化专有项的定义。

令人匪夷所思的是竟无一人对此定义发出质疑之声。

试问艾克西拉的定义能否全面地覆盖文化专有项的本质内涵？艾克西拉关于文化专有项的界定是否准确无误？2文化专有项的厘定基础理清文化的定义和本质，有助于清楚地界定文化专有项这一术语。

中国文化和汉英翻译

Definition Four
In 1871 E.B. Taylor defined culture as "that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and many other capabilities and habits acquired by members of society." "Culture means the total body of tradition borne by a society and transmitted from generation to generation. It thus refers to the norms, values, standards by which people act, and it includes the ways distinctive in each society of ordering the world and rendering it intelligible. Culture is...a set of mechanisms for survival, but it provides us also with a definition of reality. It is the matrix into which we are born, it is the anvil upon which our persons and destinies are forged."
Culture and Translation
文化与翻译
It is not easy to give a clear definition about culture. There are various definitions about it.

英汉的文化差异及翻译

英汉的文化差异及翻译外国文学最难了解和翻译的第一是联想的意义，接下来，小编给大家准备了英汉的文化差异及翻译,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。

英汉的文化差异及翻译一、英汉习语中所反映的文化差异朱光潜先生在《谈翻译》一文中说："外国文学最难了解和翻译的第一是联想的意义……"，"它带有特殊的情感氛围，甚深广而微妙，在字典中无从找出，对文学却极要紧。

如果我们不熟悉一国的人情风俗和文化历史背景，对于文字的这种意义就茫然，尤其是在翻译时这种字义最不易应付。

"英国文化人类学家爱德华·泰勒在《原始文化》(1871)一书中，首次把文化作为一个概念提了出来，并表述为："文化是一种复杂，它包括知识、信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗以及其作社会上习得的能力与习惯。

"可见文化的覆盖面很广，它是一个复要的系统。

语言作为文化的一个组成部分，反映一个民族丰富多彩的方化现象。

1、生存环境的差异习语的产生与人们的劳动和生活密切相关。

英国是一个岛国，历史上航海业曾一度领先世界;而汉民族在亚洲大陆生活繁衍，人们的生活离不开土地。

比喻花钱浪费，大手大脚，英语是spend money like water，而汉语是"挥金如土"。

英语中有许多关于船和水的习语，在汉语中没有完全相同的对应习语，如to rest on one's oars(暂时歇一歇)，to keep one's head above water(奋力图存)，all at sea(不知所措)等等。

在汉语的文化氛围中，"东风"即是"春天的风"，夏天常与酷署炎热联系在一起，"赤日炎炎似火烧"、"骄阳似火"是常被用来描述夏天的词语。

而英国地处西半球，北温带，海洋性气候，报告春天消息的却是西风，英国著名诗人雪莱的《西风颂》正是对春的讴歌。

文化差异的英语作文带翻译

文化差异的英语作文带翻译篇一：英语作文中美文化差异the differences and similarities between Chinese culture and American culturethe differences and similarities between Chinese culture and American culture Every country has their own culture, which can stand out their differences. There are lots of differences and similarities between Chinese culture and American culture.As for the difference, firstly, cultural differences on politeness between American and Chinese can be found in many aspects of daily communication, including addressing, greeting and parting, compliments, apologies, thanks and so on. For example, when people meet acquaintances or friends, people usually greet each other. In America, people often employ the following expressions to greet each other "Good morning/evening/afternoon. or "Fine day, isn't it? While in Chinese, we always say "have you eaten since and "where are you going? to show our consideration. Secondly, it's communication. A majority of Chinese people are accustomed starting the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea. In China no majorbusiness is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. However, in America, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting teleconferences to settle problems not only in this country but also-by satellite-internationally.In spite of they have these differences, they have some similarities. In the china we think when we do some important things, we must spendsome. American for the most part costs a part time in important things. So in the culture of deal to in significant things, China and America has some similarities.In my opinion, we must respect the different culture.篇二：中西方文化差异英语作文In my view, it is not surprising that Mr. Jones and Mr. Wang had a so unpleasant conversation, because it caused by the different culture between East and West.Modesty is one of the national characters of Chinese people, which can be proved by those stories about modesty in the history of China. When praised in public, the Chinese may deny it to show the modesty, though he is happy to hear that. However, the Westerner may just say “thank you”to express happiness.If I were Mr. Wang, I would say “Thank you for your praise, and Iwill keep working hard to do better”. As far as I am concerned, excessive modesty is just hubris, so we should receive the praise with happiness and do better.If I were the boss, I would study the different culture more to understand the staff. As the old saying goes, do in Rome as Rome does. So only if the boss know the difference in the culture and do the right things, can he motivate the staff more appropriately to make more money.篇三：英语作文-东西方文化差异-Cultural differencesCultural differencesThere are plenty of. people in the world. They come from different countried, have theirown race, belief and way of life. What is more, their culture is different from others'. So,there is no doubt that cultural difference exist among lots of countries, especially betweeneastern and western countries.Compared with the way of life, eastern people always have a bath in the evening or atnight in order to relax themselves after one-day's hard work while western people take abath in the morning. so as to keep freshly for the whole day. Ingeneral, it is true,especially for Chinese people. We, Chinese people would like to take baths at night ratherthan in the morning. It is a kind of habits we behave all the time.Compared with the relationships, differences are as follow: firstly, eastern people like tomake friends, sometimes through their friends, parents, relatives. While western peoplebehave a little shyly. They do not want to make friends all the time. Secondly, easternpeople would like to hang out with the person they do not know about quite a lot. whilewestern people just like going out with the person whom they get along well with.Finally, eastern people have much more friends than western people for their quitedifferent way of getting along with. their friends. There is no doubt that eastern peopleare more outgoing than western people, so I agree with these a lot.As for way of solving problems, eastern people always deal with things indirectly. Theypay much attention to many things around them, and always workfor a long time to solvethe problem. However, western people just go straight the heart of the problem and solveit directly and efficiently. As far as I am concerned, this difference between eastern andwestern people is quite normal and correct. Eastern people, especially Chinese peoplecare about things around them a lot, they always want to satisfy everyone's need, so thatthey spend much more time to solve a problem than western people.As for way of thinking, people in eastern areas usually think indirectly. They used tothink about the things around them a lot and try to deal with things in a reasonable evenperfect way. However, in comparison with the eastern people, people in the western areasoften think directly. They pay less attention to the things around them and care muchmore about themselves. Honestly speaking, I disagree to this.In my opinion, everyone isspecial and has their right and obligations to do things. There isno need for us to critiseothers and what we should do is to respect their own. decision.There are a lot of differences between easte(转自：千叶帆文摘:文化差异的英语作文带翻译)rn and western culture. These are the symbolsof their own characteristics and we need time to dig out more differences so as to learnmore about them. Most importantly, we must respect their culture firstly!。

关于文化差异的英语翻译

翻译练习：文化差异参考译文：(划线部分为几种译法都可)生活在一个和自己文化不同的社会里，可能是一个既令人兴奋、又充满挑战的经历。

Living in a culture that is different from your own can be both an exciting and challenging experience.你必须了解不同文化的行为习惯，并且努力适应它们。

以下是中国和美国之间的六大文化差异。

You have to learn about/ understand different cultural practices and try to adapt to them. The following are the top six/ the six major cultural differences between China and the US.1.隐私1.Privacy中国人的隐私概念和美国人不同。

中国人谈论年龄、收入、或者婚姻状况，而美国人则认为这些话题非常令人不快、具有侵入性。

Chinese people do not have the same concept of privacy as Americans do. They talk about topics such as ages, income or marital status, which Americans think is annoying /unpleasant and intrusive / invasive.2.家庭2.Family在中国，老人们通常都享有巨大的尊重和受尊崇的地位，而年轻一辈则被悉心呵护、培养。

In China, the elders/ the elderly / the old are traditionally treated with/ generally enjoy enormous respect and dignity while the young are cherished and nurtured.但是在美国，家庭的目标是鼓励独立，特别是孩子们。

翻译中文化差异问题的分析与翻译策略

翻译中文化差异问题的分析与翻译策略作者：张瑞华来源：《课程教育研究·学法教法研究》2018年第01期【摘要】语言是文化的载体，语言所传递的是一个民族的传统、思想、习俗等因素，译者的任务不仅是解读原语语言符号，而且还须破解原语非语言符号——文化内涵。

翻译是两种不同语言文化的桥梁，在跨文化交际中起着重要作用。

本文分析了文化差异出现的原因和表现形式，借鉴翻译中的等值策略及归化和异化等翻译理论，针对由于文化差异多导致的翻译实践问题进行探索与分析。

【关键词】文化差异翻译等值归化异化【中图分类号】H059;I046 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-3089（2018）01-0026-02一、翻译中的文化差异1.符号体现的文化内涵不同从符号学的角度来看，语言是一种意识化的符号，即包括产生这一文化的民族观念形态方面的语言符号、世界观、思维方式等语言信息符号。

了解这些“符号”所蕴含的文化内涵有助于我们更好地理解德国文化，避免翻译过程中因文化差异引起误解和冲突。

2.语言结构不同从语言结构来看，语言中大量的成语典故、谚语、格言、歇后语等都蕴藏着丰富的文化信息和文化背景，并有浓烈的民族特色和地域色彩。

从文化认知的角度考察德语和汉语的词汇系统，可以肯定这两种语言的词汇之间不存在对等关系。

3.文化价值观念不同在社会发展过程中形成的价值观念因社会体制、社会环境、传统文化而不同，东西方人的价值观念因受各自传统文化的影响而差异甚大。

翻译活动是社会背景与文化传统很不相同的两种文化间的一种文化与交流，是在不同的文化背景、前提和规范下的交流与往来。

4.思维模式不同世界各民族之间的和谐关系之所以受阻，不仅是由于语言形式的复杂多样，更是由于思维模式的差异。

由于各民族的历史、生态、宗教、民俗不同，对于同一思维对象，不同民族的思维角度可能不一致，从而在语言上会采用不同的表达形式。

如表示“做一件事得到两方面的好处”，汉语中可说“一举两得”或“一箭双雕”，德语为“zwei Fliege mit einer Klappe schlagen（一个拍子打两只苍蝇）”。

中国文化习俗段落翻译

中国文化习俗段落翻译1. 中西方饮食习惯（eating habits）存在极大差异。

不同于西方那种每人一盘食物的饮食习惯，在中国，菜肴是被放在桌上让大家共同分享的。

如果你在中国主人家做客，就要做好有一大桌食物的心理准备。

中国人对于自己的烹饪文化（culture of cuisine）感到非常自豪，而且会尽全力去展示自己的好客（hospitality）。

而且有时候，中国主人会用他们的筷子把食物夹到你的碗里或盘子中。

这是礼貌的体现。

2. 在中国，小孩的满月酒（One-Month-Old Feast）和抓周（One-Year-Old Catch）仪式独具特色。

小孩出生满一个月的那天，孩子的家人一般要招呼亲朋挚友，邀请他们一起来庆祝孩子满月。

小孩儿慢周岁的那天，有抓周到额仪式。

按照中国的传统，父母及他人不给予任何的引导和暗示，任孩子随意挑选，看他先抓什么后抓什么，并以此为依据来预测孩子可能存在的志趣和将从事的职业以及前途。

参考译文1.There are great differences between Chinese and Western eating habits. Unlike the West, where everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes are placed on the table and everybody shares. If you are being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a table of food. Chinese are very proud of their culture of cuisine and will do their best to show their hospitality. And sometimes the Chinese hosts use their chopsticks to put food in your bowl or plate. This is a sign of politeness.参考译文2: In China, One-Month-Old Feast and One-Year-Old Catch of a baby are of unique Chinese characteristics. On the day when a baby is a month old, the family of the baby will invite their friends and relatives to a ceremony to celebrate the occasion. On the day when a baby is one year old, there is a ceremony of One-Year-Old Catch. According to Chinese traditional custom, nobody will give any instruction or clue to the baby so that it is left free to choose by itself. Watching the baby catch the articles it likes, the family can then make predictions about its potential interest, future career and development.春节贴年画（pasting New Year Print s）的风俗源自于往房子外面的门上贴门神（Door Gods）的传统，随着木质雕刻品（board carvings）的出现，年画包含了更广泛地主题，最出名的就是门神，三大神——福神、薪神、和兽神（three Gods of Blessings, Salary and Longevity）,寓意着庄稼丰收、家畜兴旺和庆祝春节。

cultural encounters文化冲突课文翻译

文化冲突我们生活在一个交流非常便捷的时代。

便宜的机票使得我们可以到那些我们的家长只能幻想的地方去, 而网络使得我们可以跟最遥远地方的人们进行交流。

在这种情况下, 传统的邮政现在被戏称为"蜗牛邮件"。

当学生们在背包远足的时候, 他们可以用电子邮件从喜马拉雅的网吧或者从沙漠里的绿洲给他们的家长发邮件。

不管是白天还是晚上, 我们也能通过手机来发短信。

所有可以付的起这种方式的人都可以随时随地的获取最新信息。

同样重要的是, 全球交流的革命跟英语的普及是不可分割的。

英语现在变成领先的国际语言。

不管与会者是否是把英语作为母语, 全球不管哪个角落的会议和商业会谈都是使用的英语。

英语已经变成一种促进交流的语言。

同时, 对很多人来说, 学习英语是他们通往成功道路上的奠基石。

所以你可能会好奇为什么有些人对于这些美好的发展有所顾忌, 为什么英语作为一个国际通用语言会使得有些人对英语的不适应? 交流上的革命确实存在问题, 并且这些问题并不仅仅是经济上的。

最根本的东西是, 语言和文化之间的不可分割的关系是一个社会的核心, 而我们忽视了一些最关键的事情。

不同的文化不仅仅是给不同组别的人贴上标签, 语言是帮助我们理解世界的工具, 每个语言之间都是有区别的。

因为我们通过语言来表达我们的所见所想, 而语言是跟文化密切相关的,所以有时候就可能产生我们能用一种语言表达出来的东西, 是不能用另外一种语言来表达出来的。

英语的"想家"翻译成意大利语就变成了"怀乡病", 但是英语有时候必须要用同样的词来表示另外一种意思, 这种意思不是单纯的想家, 而是包含了一层渴望的意思在里面。

尽管不是同一种意思, 英语的想家和怀乡病放在一起的意思还有所接近的。

但是葡萄牙语的"saudade"所表达的意思却是不能用其它语言来翻译的。

这个词表达的意思不是绝望、愤怒、悲伤或后悔, 儿是在以上这些意思之间。

翻译中的文化问题及解决方法

翻译中的文化问题及解决方法韩阳吉林建筑大学外国语学院长春130118摘要：近些年来，随着我国经济实力的不断加强，同时又由于我国加入了世界贸易组织，促使了很多外国企业来到中国发展。

同时，还有很多外国人来到中国旅游学习。

因此，英语翻译变得开始流行起来。

下面，本文就来分析一下英语翻译中文化内涵的相关内容。

关键词：英语翻译文化内涵前言：近些年来，随着我国国际地位的不断上升，越来越多的外国人口来到中国，生活学习旅游。

因此，如何和这些外国人进行交流就变得十分重要了。

英语作为国际上适用范围最广的语言。

同时也是人们使用最广泛的英语类型之一。

因此，它被选来用做与外国人进行沟通的语言。

然而由于英语在进行翻译的时候有一定的出处，很多人并不很清楚其含义就拿过来使用，闹过了很多笑话。

这些小事看起来虽小，但是却给我国的国家形象带来了恶劣的影响。

因此，研究英语翻译中文化的内涵势在必行。

1.英语翻译中出现的问题其实在进行英语翻译的时候，是会常常出现一些问题的。

这些问题说小是小，而有的时候却会成为大事情。

下面就给大家简要的介绍一些在英语进行翻译的时候出现的一些问题。

1.1望文生义有一个常识想必大家都应该了解，那就是不同国家之间是有文化差异的。

由于文化的差异，我们国人在进行英语翻译的时候，常常出现一个状况，那就是望文生义。

其实英也是一种千变万化的语言。

一个词如果单个放在那里是那个意思，而你要把它们组合起来的时候，很有可能意思就会发生天翻地覆的变化。

在进行英语翻译的时候，一定不要望文生义，生编硬套。

这样不但会丢颜面，有的时候还会给自己带来许多不必要的麻烦。

1.2词不达意说到这一点想必大家一定会有所困惑吧？既然是英语翻译，又怎么会出现词不达意的情况呢？其实这样的情况在生活中并非鲜有发生。

而是经常出现的一些情况。

有许多人尤其是初学者，在进行英语翻译的时候，人家本来是想表达这个意思，然而他们却翻译成别的意思。

人们在进行翻译的时候切忌不要词不达意。

关于文化的英文表达

关于文化的英文表达英文回答：Culture is an umbrella term which encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups. Culture is often portrayed as the "software of the mind", guiding the behavior of members of a society and serving as a template for expectations and patterns of thought, perception, and action.Culture is transmitted through language, material objects, ritual, rules, roles, and norms from one generation to another. It is a complex system that encompasses not only the arts and humanities, but also the sciences, technologies, and institutions of a society. Culture is both dynamic and fluid, constantly adapting to changing circumstances and evolving over time.Culture is not static, but rather a dynamic and ever-changing phenomenon. It is shaped by a variety of factors, including history, geography, economics, politics, and religion. Culture is also influenced by contact with other cultures, which can lead to the adoption of new ideas and practices or the rejection of existing ones.Culture is a powerful force in human life. It shapes our values, beliefs, and behaviors. It influences how we see ourselves and the world around us. Culture can be a source of great strength and pride, but it can also be a source of conflict and division.Understanding culture is essential for understanding human behavior. It can help us to better understand ourselves and others, and to appreciate the diversity of human experience.中文回答：文化是一个涵盖人类社会中的社会行为、制度和规范的总称，还包括这些群体中个人的知识、信仰、艺术、法律、习俗、能力和习惯。

关于文化冲击英语翻译作文

Cultural shock is a common phenomenon that many people experience when they move to a new country or are exposed to a different culture.It is a feeling of confusion, anxiety,and discomfort that arises when ones own cultural norms and values are challenged by those of a different culture.In this essay,we will explore the concept of cultural shock,its causes,and how it can be managed.Understanding Cultural ShockCultural shock is often described as a process that occurs in four stages:1.Honeymoon Phase:Initially,individuals are excited and fascinated by the new culture. They are eager to learn and experience everything that is different.2.Hostility Phase:As the novelty wears off,individuals may start to feel overwhelmed by the differences and begin to miss their home culture.This can lead to frustration and hostility towards the new culture.3.Adjustment Phase:Over time,individuals start to adapt to the new culture.They learn to navigate the cultural norms and values,and begin to feel more comfortable.4.Acceptance Phase:Finally,individuals reach a stage where they fully embrace the new culture.They have integrated the new cultural norms and values into their own,and feel at home.Causes of Cultural ShockThe causes of cultural shock can be varied and are often related to the differences between the home culture and the host culture.Some of the common causes include:Language Barrier:Communication is a fundamental part of human interaction.When individuals cannot communicate effectively due to language differences,it can lead to misunderstandings and feelings of isolation.Social Norms:Different cultures have different social norms and expectations.What is considered polite or acceptable in one culture may be seen as rude or inappropriate in another.Food and Eating Habits:Food is a significant part of any culture.The unfamiliarity of new food and eating habits can be a source of discomfort for many.Value Systems:Deeply ingrained values and beliefs can clash when individuals from different cultures interact.This can lead to feelings of confusion and conflict.Managing Cultural ShockManaging cultural shock involves several strategies that can help individuals adapt to the new culture.These include:Openmindedness:Being open to new experiences and willing to learn about the host culture can help reduce feelings of anxiety and confusion.Seeking Support:Connecting with others who are experiencing similar challenges can provide a sense of community and support.Learning the Language:Efforts to learn the local language can significantly improve communication and understanding of the host culture.Respecting Differences:Recognizing that cultural differences are a part of the human experience and respecting them can help foster a more harmonious relationship with the host culture.SelfCare:Taking care of ones physical and emotional wellbeing is crucial during the adjustment period.This can include maintaining a healthy lifestyle,seeking professional help if needed,and finding time for relaxation and leisure activities.In conclusion,cultural shock is a complex process that can be challenging but also enriching.By understanding its stages,recognizing its causes,and employing effective strategies for management,individuals can navigate this experience and ultimately benefit from the cultural exchange.。

文化类英语翻译词汇

CATTI笔译考试词汇必备：文化类1. 消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance2. 扫除文盲 eliminate (wipe out) illiteracy3. 营造良好的文化环境 create a healthy cultural environment4. 促进文化市场健康发展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products5. 开展对外文化交流 conduct cultural exchange with other countries6. 博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries7. 开展群众性文化活动 carry out mass activities on culture8. 保护文化遗产 protect cultural heritage9. 继承历史文化优秀传统 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions10. 繁荣文学艺术 enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art11. 举行每年一次的学术会议 hold an annual academic meeting12. 尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people13. 向世界展示中国文化建设的成就 introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to the world14. 加强文化基础设施建设 build more cultural establishments15. 提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle(way of life)16. 不注重历史 neglect history17. 推动人类文明进步 push forward human civilization18. 对......持欢迎态度 take a welcoming attitude to19. 与各国人民交往 communicate with people of all countries20. 和......持相同观点 share views similar to21. 促进儿童身心健康发展 promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally22. 改进教学 improve teaching and learning23. 保护文化遗产 protect cultural relics24. 触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law25. 增强自我保护意识 strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right26. 列为世界自然文化遗产 list …as a world natural heritage site27. 以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look28. 普及科普知识，传播科学思想，倡导科学精神 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit29. 提高公务员的综合素质 improve the overall quality of civil servants30. 通过资格考试 pass qualification examinations31. 举办文化节 / 展览会 hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals / an exhibition32. 普及九年制义务教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal33. 精心编写教材 compile the textbooks with great care34 承担应有的义务 undertake the due obligations35. 促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding36. 相互促进 help each other forward37. 互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars38. 交换意见 exchange views (ideas, opinions)39. 反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China40. 容纳三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers41. 发挥......的聪明才智 develop one’s own talents and wisdom42. 充分发挥知识分子的积极性和创造性give full play to the initiative and creativity of intellectuals43. 开设课程 offer courses44. 重视实用性 place stress on practicality45. 制止盗版软件 control the pirated software46. 提供受教育机会 offer a chance of education47. 有力地推动教育的发展 give a big push to the development of education48. 承前启后，继往开来 build on the past and prepare for the future; inherit the past and usher in the future49. 物质文明，精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to the material progress and cultural progress50. 形成文明、健康、崇尚科学的社会风尚 form civilized, healthy and science - upholding social practice。

关于文化的英语文章带翻译高中英语作文及翻译

关于文化的英语文章带翻译高中英语作文及翻译关于文化的英语文章带翻译篇一十二生肖In traditional China, dating methods were cyclical means something that is repeated time after time according to a pattern.据中国传统文化，日期是循环的，也就是说，日期的循环是周而复始的。

A popular folk method which reflected this cyclical method of recording years are the Twelve Animal Signs.记录这周而复始日期的最流行的民间方法就是十二生肖。

Every year is assigned an animal name or “sign” according to a repeating cycle： Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake,Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, and Boar.Therefore, every twelve years the same animal name or “sign” would reappear.即：每一年由一个动物代表，每隔十二年进行一个循环。

这十二个动物分别是：鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。

A cultural sidelight of the animal signs in Chinese folklore is that horoscopes have developed around the animal signs.十二生肖在中国民间传说中有其文化内涵，占星术就是由其发展而来的。

For exle, a Chinese horoscope may predict that a person born in the Year of the Horse would be, “cheerful, popular, and loves to pliment others”.例如，中国的属相认为马年出生的人“快乐、受欢迎、爱恭维他人”。

文化缺省与翻译补偿

文化缺省与翻译补偿
文化缺省与翻译补偿是翻译过程中经常遇到的问题，指的是在翻译时由于某种原因造成了文化差异或信息的缺失，从而需要进行相应的补偿。

文化缺省是指在翻译过程中由于不同的文化背景和价值观念导致翻译结果与原文的差异。

由于每种语言和文化有其独特的表达方式和隐含的意义，翻译时往往会遇到无法直接对应的词语或表达方式。

这时翻译者就需要根据目标语言和文化的特点，选择最接近原文意思的词语或表达方式进行翻译。

英文中的“home”可以表示家庭、住所或国家的概念，而中文中的“家”和“国”是两个不同的词语。

在翻译中，翻译者需要根据上下文和文化背景来确定该如何翻译。

如果上下文是关于家庭生活的，那么可以选择翻译为“家”，如果上下文是关于国家的，那么可以选择翻译为“国”。

这就是在文化缺省的情况下进行的翻译补偿。

翻译补偿是指在翻译过程中由于文化差异或信息的缺失而需要进行的对原文信息的补充。

有时原文中包含的某些信息在目标语言和文化中并不存在，或者存在但不常用，这就需要翻译者根据目标语言和文化的特点进行相应的补偿。

中文中有些成语和俗语在英文中没有对应的表达方式，这就需要翻译者根据上下文和意义进行补充翻译。

一些文化特有的习惯、传统或象征也需要进行相应的补偿翻译。

中国的春节是中国最重要的传统节日，但在其他国家的文化中并没有对应的节日。

为了让外国读者能够理解和感受中国的春节文化，翻译者需要在翻译中进行相应的解释和补充说明。

文化缺省和翻译补偿是翻译过程中常见的问题，需要翻译者根据目标语言和文化的特点进行相应的处理。

只有做到恰如其分的翻译补偿，才能够更准确地传达原文的信息和意义。

译者在翻译活动中应注意的文化问题

知识文库第19期21译者在翻译活动中应注意的文化问题夏德望英国著名翻译教育家彼特•纽马克认为,翻译是按照作者的创作意图把一篇文章的意思用另一种语言描述出来的过程。

语言是一种现象，是连接不同文化的一种因素，是人们表达情感和思想的一种方式。

本文旨在研究在翻译英汉两种语言中的文化因素以及译者应意识到思维方式、文化习俗、宗教信仰、地理环境以及价值观等方面的差异，发挥翻译活动的桥梁作用，促进文化交流。

1 前言翻译活动是一项跨文化交际活动, 起着传播文化的作用。

译者在翻译过程中必须考虑到两者之间的关系。

由于语言和文化是相辅相成的，各地区的文化特征也不尽相同，译者不仅要集中精力表达其相同的意思，而且还要表现出两种文化观点之间的差异性。

语言是意义的载体,也是文化的载体,语言负载着社会意识、文化传统。

因此, 翻译不仅是语言的翻译, 还是文化的翻译。

2 语言、文化与翻译语言是人类最重要的交际工具，是人们进行沟通的主要表达方式。

语言是人们交流思想的媒介，它必然会对政治、经济、社会、科技乃至文化本身产生至关重要的影响。

文化是一个非常广泛和最具人文意味的概念，是人类在社会历史发展过程中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和。

彼特•纽马克把文化定义为“以一种特定的语言作为表达手段的社会所特有的生活方式及其表现形式”。

翻译活动是在准确、通顺的基础上，把一种语言信息转变成另一种语言信息的行为。

翻译是将一种相对陌生的表达方式，转换成相对熟悉的表达方式的过程。

翻译包括语言和文化。

拉尔森说过，“翻译是一个复杂的过程。

” 英国翻译学理论家苏姗·巴斯内特说道翻译如同做心脏手术时不能忽略心脏以外的身体部分一样，我们在翻译时也不能冒险将翻译的言语内容和文化分开处理。

著名翻译家、语言学家王佐良先生也曾经说过翻译工作者处理的是个别词，他面对的则是两大片文化。

3 翻译活动中应注意的文化问题文化存在于人们社会生活中的方方面面，正因为翻译活动的存在，文化得以在全世界范围内传播、交流。

英语畅谈中国文化复习资料翻译

英语畅谈中国⽂化复习资料翻译SummaryThe passage discusses Confucius’ theory of cultivating one’ s behavior toward family and society. It begins with the introduction of historical background of his time –theSpring and Autumn Period. It experienced a dramatic change of social system andprolonged chaos and fighting. As a result, the cultural tradition inherited fromancient times was corrupted. Confucius wanted to restore the great traditionabandoned 抛(弃 ) by people and established harmonious social relationshipsamong people. To realize this, Confucius proposed self-cultivation with the startingpoint from feelings to parents. The feelings are nourished and cultivated into familyreverence. The love for parents extends to other people as one begins to《论语》是儒家学派的经典著作 ( classics)之⼀，该书记录了（ records ）孔⼦及其弟⼦的⾔⾏，传授儒家的主要思想（ central theme ）：仁、义(righteousness) 、礼、智，其中仁是儒家的核⼼价值观（kernel value ）。

文化问题翻译

文化英语短文带翻译

翻译中的文化问题及解决方法

文化翻译

“文化专有项”再定义及其翻译问题研究

中国文化和汉英翻译

英汉的文化差异及翻译

文化差异的英语作文带翻译

关于文化差异的英语翻译

翻译中文化差异问题的分析与翻译策略

中国文化习俗段落翻译

cultural encounters文化冲突 课文翻译

翻译中的文化问题及解决方法

关于文化的英文表达

关于文化冲击英语翻译作文

文化类 英语翻译词汇

关于文化的英语文章带翻译高中英语作文及翻译

文化缺省与翻译补偿

译者在翻译活动中应注意的文化问题

英语畅谈中国文化复习资料翻译

cultural encounters文化冲突课文翻译

文化类英语翻译词汇