【中考真题真题分类汇编】2019-2015中考英语真题分类汇编：词语运用(河北省)
2019年中考英语真题试题(含答案)(新版)新人教版
2019年中考英语真题试题注意事项：1.全卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.考生必须将姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号等个人信息填（涂）写在答题卡上。
3.考生务必将答案直接填（涂）写在答题卡的相应位置上。
一、听力理解（分5小节，共25小题；每小题1分，满分25分）第一节：听句子，选择与所听内容或语境相关的信息。
每个句子读两遍。
4. A. blew B. bought C. brought5. A. wonderful B. dangerous C. fantastic第二节：听句子，选出恰当的情景应答语。
每个句子读两遍。
6. A. Thanks B. It's OK C. Never mind.7. A. Yes, sure B. I'm sorry to hear that. C. Don't be nervous8. A. No, I'm no B. With pleasure C. Sorry, Sir9. A. It's Sunday B. It's June 5th C.It's5:00.10.A. It's windy. B. It's red C It's long第三节：听小对话及问题，选择能回答所提问题的最佳答案。
每段对话读两遍。
11.A. By bus B. On foot C. By bike12. A. She has a cold B. She has a fever C. She has a toothache13. A. Yes, she will B No, she won't. C. Yes, she is14. A In a shop. B. In a library C. In a school15. A. She has curly hair. B. She has long hair. C. She has short hair.第四节：听长对话，根据其内容选出能回答下列问题的最佳答案。
【10份】2015全国中考英语真题集锦(分类汇编)
【10份】2015全国中考英语真题集锦（分类汇编）目录2015全国中考英语真题——词语释义集锦 (1)2015全国中考英语真题——副词集锦 (4)2015全国中考英语真题——感叹句/祈使句/倒装句集锦 (7)2015全国中考英语真题——冠词集锦 (11)2015全国中考英语真题——介词集锦 (14)2015全国中考英语真题——就近原则集锦 (21)2015全国中考英语真题——连词集锦 (24)2015全国中考英语真题——情态动词集锦 (30)2015全国中考英语真题——形容词集锦 (36)2015全国中考英语真题——疑问句集锦 (46)2015全国中考英语真题——词语释义集锦1.云南中考【2015云南】21.She is on holiday at the moment, but she’ll be back next week.A. TheB.recentlyC.nowD.very soon 【2015云南】22.—Sorry，I forget to bring your book.—Never mind. I won’t use it today.A.I’m afraid notB. It doesn’t matterC. Nothing muchD.Of course not【2015云南】23.Jack called his mother at 7:30 yesterday ,but she didn’t pick upat that time.A.answerB.speakC.talkD.ring【2015云南】24.This book is a little above my head, because there are too many new words in it.A.expensiveB.difficultC. interestingD.boring【2015云南】25.I was really in a sweet when I won the first prize in the speech competition.A.nervousB.angryC.tiredD.happy2.云南昆明【2015云南昆明】37.—Tony , you promise you will see me off at the airport.—That’s for sure. I am a man of my word.A.I am a strong manB.I can’t say a wordC.I have no ideaD.I will keep my promise【2015云南昆明】38.—I am pretty busy and annoyed this month.—I know the important test gets in your hair . But relax. Everything will be fine.A.gives you a new haircutB.brings you a lot of problems.C.makes you relaxedD.offers you some hair【2015云南昆明】39.—Unluckily, I fell off my bicycle and saw stars on the way to school.—How come? Be careful next time.A.神采奕奕B.火冒三丈C.眼冒金星D.去看星星【2015云南昆明】40.—I hope to enter a good high school.—Go for it! I know you can achieve your dream.A.努力争取吧B.认真考虑下C.一起回家哦D.就此打住啦2015云南曲靖【2015云南曲靖】26.—Well done, boy! I take pride in you.—Thank you, sir.A.am angry withB.am kind toC.am proud ofD.am strict with【2015云南曲靖】27.—Today, many young people look up to those famous basketball players.—Yes.They are heroes in the eyes of young people.A.valueB.trustC.createD.admire.【2015云南曲靖】28.It’s reported that at least 500 million people are using Wechat(微信）inChina.A.50,000B.500,000C.500,000,000D.5,000【2015云南曲靖】29.The English exam works like a dream, and all of us are happy.A.is strangeB.goes wellC.goes badlyD.is difficult【2015云南曲靖】30.—In our school , some students always litter on the ground.—So they do. Old habits die hard.A.It’s hard to throw away the bad habitsB.It’s good to have some habitsC.It’s easy to change the habitsD.It’s fun for follow the rulers.2015贵州六盘水【2015贵州六盘水】21.The population of Liupanshui is over 3 million.A.less thanB.almostC.nearlyD.more than【2015贵州六盘水】22.I will call you as soon as I arrive in Guilin.A.get toB.reach toC.getD.arrive。
2019年河北省中考英语连词成句真题汇编(含解析)
2019年河北省中考英语连词成句真题汇编(名师精选全国真题+实战训练，建议下载练习)一．填空题（共36小题）1．（2018•真题）it，outside，hot，isIs it hot outside？【解答】考查连词成句．这是个一般疑问句．be动词is开头．主语it它．系表结构，用形容词hot热的．outside外面．做状语．故答案是：Is it hot outside？2．（2018•真题）on time，to，remember，arriveRemember to arrive on time．【解答】考查连词成句．这是一个祈使句，动词原形Remember开头．remember to do sth记得做某事．不定式to后用动词原形arrive到达．on time按时．介词短语做状语．故答案是：Remember to arrive on time．3．（2018•真题）for lunch，we，what，do，haveWhat do we have for lunch？【解答】考查连词成句．这是一个特殊疑问句，疑问词what开头，后跟一般疑问句，助动词用do．主语we我们．谓语have吃．for lunch就午餐而言，对于午餐来说．故答案是：What do we have for lunch？4．（2018•真题）a cup of，Lucy，me，tea，broughtLucy brought me a cup of tea．【解答】考查连词成句．这是一个陈述句，主语Lucy露西．bring sb sth为某人带来某物．谓语动词用bring的过去式brought．sb用me我，代替．sth用a cup of tea一杯茶，代替．故答案是：Lucy brought me a cup of tea．5．（2018•真题）your，beautiful，are，how，kitesHow beautiful your kites are!【解答】考查连词成句．这是一个感叹句．How+形容词+主语+谓语！形容词用beautiful美丽的．形容词性物主代词your你的，修饰名词kites风筝．谓语are．故答案是：How beautiful your kites are!6．（2017•真题）birthday，is，gift，what，yourWhat is your birthday gift？【解答】答案：What is your birthday gift？首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个特殊疑问句，组合成的句子的句意是"你的生日礼物是什么？"，句子叙述一件事实，时态应该用一般现在时的，句首用what，后面紧跟be动词is，your birthday gift表示你的生日礼物．故答案为：What is your birthday gift．7．（2017•真题）you，us，can，ride，give，aCan you give us a ride？【解答】答案：Can you give us a ride？首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个一般疑问句，组合成的句子的句意是"你能载我们一程吗？"，这里含有情态动词can，是一般疑问句，应该放在句首，后面紧跟主语you，give us a ride表示载我们一程．故答案为：Can you give us a ride？8．（2017•真题）five，in our group，there，students，areThere are five students in our group．【解答】答案：There are five students in our group．首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个陈述句，组合成的句子的句意是"我们组有五个学生．"，句子叙述一件事实，时态应该用一般现在时，本句考查there be句型，表示某处有某物，five students是复数形式，这里be动词用are．故答案为：There are five students in our group．9．（2017•真题）helps，a，good，you，education，succeedA good education helps you succeed．【解答】答案：A good education helps you succeed．首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个陈述句，组合成的句子的句意是"良好的教育有助于你成功．"，句子叙述一件事实，时态应该用一般现在时的，主语是A good education，是单数形式，所以谓语动词help应该用第三人称单数形式，help sb do sth帮助某人做某事．故答案为：A good education helps you succeed．10．（2017•真题）I，take a walk，think，after，we，supper，shouldI think we should take a walk after supper．【解答】答案：I think we should take a walk after supper．首先结合提示词和标点符合明确所要组合的句子是一个陈述句，组合成的句子的句意是"我想晚饭后我们应该散散步．"，句子叙述一件事实，时态应该用一般现在时的，主句是I think引导的，在后面的宾语从句中主语是we，后面紧跟情态动词should，散步是take a walk，晚饭后after supper．故答案为：I think we should take a walk after supper．11．（2016•真题）picture，is，the，new，threeThe third picture is new．【解答】答案：The third picture is new．其中的is作为谓语，后加上形容词new 新的，构成系表结构，主语是picture图画，前面加上限定词来修饰，three是基数词三，换成序数词third表示第三，前面加上the，故The third picture第三张画，故答案是The third picture is new．12．（2016•真题）it，I，yesterday，drawI drew it yesterday．【解答】答案：I drew it yesterday．人称代词I作为主语，动词draw画画作为谓语，后加上宾语it，yesterday是表示昨天，放句末，故用一般过去时，draw 过去式是drew，故答案是I drew it yesterday．13．（2016•真题）under the tree，some，there are，childThere are some children under the tree．．【解答】答案：There are some children under the tree．其中有there are表示有，there be句型结构：There be+名词+地点，表示某地有…，some表示一些，后加名词复数，child名词小孩，复数是children，under the tree 在树下作地点状语，故答案是There are some children under the tree．14．（2016•真题）that man，among，look at，theyLook at that man among them．．【解答】答案：Look at that man among them．句中的look at是动词短语看着，后面加上宾语，among是介词表示三者之间后面加上宾语，这里they是主格，需换成宾格them他们，作为among的宾格，故that man 作为look at的宾语，故构成祈使句Look at that man among them，among them介词短语修饰前面的that man，故答案是Look at that man among them．15．（2016•真题）popular，a，is，sing，heHe is a popular singer．．【解答】答案：He is a popular singer．所给的单词中人称代词he作为主语，谓语动词用is，popular singer流行歌手，前面加上不定冠词a，故答案是He isa popular singer．16．（2015•真题）I，go on，yesterday，a trip I went on a trip yesterday．【解答】根据所给单词，可以判断主语应该是I，go on作谓语动词，yesterday 时间状语，故答案应为I went on a trip yesterday．17．（2015•真题）it，I，was，school trip，first It was my first school trip．【解答】据所给词的词性和结构可以知道，it做主语，修饰school trip，I应该变成my，故答案应为It was my first school trip．18．（2015•真题）we，happy，sang，on the way We sang happily on the way．【解答】分析所给词的词性，we做主语，sang作谓语动词，happy的形式修饰动词，应该用副词happily，地点状语放在句后，故答案应为We sang happily on the way．19．（2015•真题）interesting activity，many，there were There were many interesting activities．【解答】从所给的单词可以分析出这是一个There be句型，many修饰activity，应该变成复数activities，故答案应为There were many interesting activities．20．（2015•真题）what，we，a，wonderful，time，had What a wonderful time we had．【解答】有what在句子中，不是变特殊疑问句，就是变感叹句，根据这几个单词的成分，应该是组成感叹句，故答案应为What a wonderful time we had．21．night，did，last，rain，itDid it rain last night？．【解答】该题是连词成句题型；考查学生的对英语句型的掌握；根据给出的单词Did可知该句应表述为一般疑问句，即did﹣﹣﹣﹣？再根据it和rain可知该句应表述为关于天气的一般疑问句；故该句表述为Did it rain last night？昨天晚上下雨了吗？该句为一般疑问句，后面需要加问号；故答案为：Did it rain last night？22．your，what，is，shirt，sizeWhat size is your shirt？．【解答】该题是连词成句题型，考查学生的对英语句型的掌握；根据给出的单词what可知该句应表述为特殊疑问句，根据size和shirt可知该句应表述为关于衣服尺寸的疑问句；可知该句表述为：What size is your shirt？你的衬衫尺码是多少？该句为特殊疑问句，后面用问号；故答案为What size is your shirt？23．（2016秋•石家庄校级月考）gift，him，birthday，gave，a，II gave him a birthday gift．【解答】该题为连词成句题型，考查学生的对英语句型的掌握；根据给出的单词信息，该句可表述为一个"主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）"的结构．即I gave him a birthday gift．译为：我给了他一个生日礼物；故答案为：I gave him a birthday gift．24．（2016秋•石家庄校级月考）flower，what，are，beautiful，they What beautiful flowers they are!．【解答】考查学生对英语句型的掌握；根据所给词及句子成分可知，what不是特殊疑问词，而是用来组成感叹句，根据what+名词+主+谓语！的句子结构，可知答案为What beautiful flowers they are!25．tennis，a，Nancy，twice，week，playNancy plays tennis twice a week．【解答】本题是连词成句，先找到主语是Nancy，是第三人称单数形式，动词是play，后面加s，tennis是宾语，twice a week，作状语，故答案为Nancy plays tennis twice a week．26．（2013•真题）do，a，have，you，rulerDo you have a ruler？？【解答】答案：Do you have a ruler？给出的单词中有两个动词do和have，不能同时作谓语，所以就可以考虑用一般疑问句，对you进行提问，a可以放在ruler前面，意思是一把尺子，因此可以构建一个句子就是：你有尺子吗？所以答案是Do you have a ruler？27．（2013•真题）nice，the，taste，noodlesThe noodles taste nice．．【解答】答案：The noodles taste nice．首先观察给出的四个单词，先弄清它们的意义：nice形容词，好的；the为定冠词，一般放在特定修饰的名词前面；taste在这里为感官系动词，意为"尝起来"，其后要跟形容词；noodles名词"面条"；接下来要确定出句子的主干也就是主谓宾或其他成分：主语通常由名词充当，这里应是noodles，一般其前面要加定冠词the表特指，一起构成主语；谓语由动词充当，这里应该用感官系动词taste；此句没有宾语成分，taste作为感官动词，后经常跟形容词做表语，所以此句中taste后应该跟形容词nice．所以连起来就是The noodles taste nice．（the位于句首，要注意首字母大写）意为：面条尝起来很好吃．故答案为The noodles taste nice．28．（2013•真题）far，the，how，museum，isHow far is the museum？．【解答】答案：How far is the museum？how和far可以组成一个短语how far，the可以放在museum的前面，又根据how，可以构成一个特殊疑问句，询问路程．故答案为：How far is the museum？29．（2013•真题）pens，those，her，pass，blackPass her those black pens．．【解答】答案：Pass her those black pens．pass是及物动词，后面可以跟双宾语，主要形式是：pass sb．sth．这是句子的主要框架；形成一个祈使句；用those black修饰pens．所以答案是Pass her those black pens．30．（2013•真题）match，a，now，be，TV，football，there，onThere is a football match on TV now．/Now There is a football match on TV．．【解答】答案：There is a football match on TV now．/Now There is a football match on TV．给出的单词中有there和be，可有构成there be结构，表示此处有某物；football 和match组成football match，a放在football match前面；TV和on组成on TV；now作时间状语，放在句末，也可以放在句子开头，所以本题的答案就是：There is a football match on TV now．/Now There is a football match on TV．意为"现在电视上有一场足球赛．"．31．（2012•真题）根据所给单词完成句子．要求符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，单词不得重复使用，标点已给出．86．better，are，feeling，you Are you feeling better？87．people，are，what，they，kind What kind people they are！88．does，which，in，live，building，Jenny Which building does Jenny live in？89．cost，the money，didn't，dictionary，much，me The dictionary didn't cost me much money．90．lend，Sam，MP5，to，I，yesterday，my I lent my Mp5 to Sam yesterday．【解答】86．答案：Are you feeling better？题目要求是问号，因此用问句的形式，故填：Are you feeling better？87．答案：What kind people they are!该题考查感叹句的用法，核心是多么热心的人．故填：What kind people they are!88．答案：Which building does Jenny live in？该题考查固定短语live in居住在；故填Which building does Jenny live in？89．答案：The dictionary didn‘t cost me much money．该题考查动词cost的用法；cost 的主语通常是事或物（包括形式主语it），不能是人；通常句型为：sth costs （sb）money 某物花某人多少钱；故填The dictionary didn‘t cost memuch money．90．答案：I lent my Mp5 to Sam yesterday；该题考查固定短语：lend sth．to sb．把某物借给某人．故填：I lent my Mp5 to Sam yesterday．32．（2011•真题）sing，does，she，wellDoes she sing well？【解答】答案：Does she sing well？该句中有动词sing，助动词does，代词she，副词well．因为有助动词does，可知是个一般疑问句，主语是she，是第三人称单数，故选用一般疑问句的句式，套用句型：Does+主语+动词原形+其它？连词成句，故答案为：Does she sing well？33．（2011•真题）this，much，is，how，watchHow much is this watch？【解答】答案：How much is this watch？先观察句子，看看句子里有哪些词，判断是陈述句、否定句、还是疑问句，然后按所需句型的结构组织句子．像该句，有引导词how much，系动词is，名词watch，代词this，显然这是一个特殊疑问句，提问价格是多少的，然后按特殊疑问句的句式组织句子，用How much is/was+单数名词主语的句型来组织，故答案为：How much is this watch？34．（2011•真题）Mary，list，shopping，a，let，makeLet Mary make a shopping list．【解答】答案：Let Mary make a shopping list．首先明确所要组合的句子是一个祈使句，句子的整体结构是let sb．do sth．其中动词let的宾语是Mary，a shopping list放在动词make 后面构成短语make a shopping list"列一个购物清单"，故答案为：Let Mary make a shopping list．35．（2011•真题）way，the，to，knew，park，we，thewe knew the way to the park．【解答】答案：we knew the way to the park．首先明确所要组合的句子是一个陈述句，主语是we，谓语动词是knew，the way to 表示"去…的路"与the park构成短语the way to the park"去公园的路"放在动词knew后面作宾语，故答案为：we knew the way to the park．36．（2011•真题）am，will，succeed，day，some，he，sure，II am sure he will succeed some day．．【解答】答案：I am sure he will succeed some day．首先明确所要组合的句子是一个陈述句，主句是I am sure，后面跟宾语从句，从句的主语是he，谓语动词是succeed，用一般将来时，will+动词原形；时间状语是some day，故答案为：I am sure he will succeed some day．二．单词造句（共5小题）37．（2010•真题）for，you，ready，class，areAre you ready for class？【解答】答案：Are you ready for class？根据要求是合成一个问句，没有给出特殊疑问词，故考虑是一般疑问句，找到了be动词are放句首，后接主语you，be ready for表示准备好做…，故答案是Are you ready for class？38．（2010•真题）man，who，young，that，is Who is that young man？【解答】答案：Who is that young man？根据题意是要求合成一个问句，找到特殊疑问词who放句首，后加一般疑问句语序，再找到is紧随who之后，剩下的三个单词构成名词短语the young man，放is后面，故答案是Who is that young man？39．（2010•真题）noise，make，much，don't，so Don't make so much noise．【解答】答案：Don't make so much noise．单词中的动词是make，和noise构成短语make noise，没有主语，有don't故是一个否定祈使句，剩下的两个构成so much表示太多，可用来修饰noise故答案是Don't make so much noise．40．（2010•真题）bed，better，earlier，had，to，you，go You had better go to bed earlier．．【解答】答案：You had better go to bed earlier．单词中you作为主语，had better do sth是个固定句型，表示最好做某事，故You had better，后加动词原形go，而go to bed表示上床，earlier放句末，故答案是You had better go to bed earlier．41．（2010•真题）how，a，showed，to，him，plane，make，she，model She showed him how to make a model plane．【解答】答案：She showed him how to make a model plane．单词中she可作为主语，showed是动词作为谓语，him是宾格做宾语，故She showed，还有一个to可作为动词不定式符号前面加上疑问词how，剩下下的三个单词正好是a model plane，故答案是She showed him how to make a model plane。
湖北省鄂州市2019-2021年三年中考英语试卷分类汇编：词汇运用(真题解析版)
湖北省鄂州市2019-2021年三年中考英语试卷分类汇编词汇运用2021年湖北省鄂州市中考英语试题五、短文填词（共9小题；每小题1分, 满分9分）从下面方框中选出合适的词, 将其正确的形式填入短文, 使短文意思正确、通顺（有—个词是多余的）。
In some countries in western Europe, such as France, Spain and Britain, the countryside is changing.Life has become difficult for many villages, and some are ___46___ now. There are a number of reasons for this. Firstly, young people from villages usually want ___47___ somewhere livelier and they often move to the towns and do not ___48___. Secondly, people move to the cities to find work, as there are often very few ___49___ in the countryside. Sometimes villages remain because people from the cities have bought a “second home” in the village, where th ey come and stay at weekends. The ___50___ of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there. Another problem is that it is becoming more and more ___51___ for farmers to make money from their farms. So they sell their land and find ___52___ job.All these things ___53___ that many villages in western Europe are fighting to survive. We can only hope that they will remain. The countryside would be a sadder and uglier place ___54___ them.【答案】46. disappearing47. to live48. return 49. jobs50. price 51. difficult52. another53. mean 54. without【解析】【分析】文章介绍了西欧一些国家的农村的情况，很多村庄都在努力求生存，还有些村庄正在消失，文中介绍了这种现象的原因。
备战中考河北英语5年真题专项-词语运用训练及答案
题型三 词语运用河北中考五年命题规律及趋势年份考查点2019根据首字母写单词和盲填词so around of a名词语法考查notes(note)代词语法考查me(I)形容词/副词转换wonderful(wonder)deeply(deep)数词/时态考查second(two)went(go)2018根据首字母写单词和盲填词why for anup名词语法考查classmates(classmate)代词语法考查them(they)形容词/副词语法考查busier(busy)happily(happy)数词/时态考查third(three)knew(know)2017根据首字母写单词和盲填词at Mondayand a/every名词语法考查classes(class)代词语法考查me(I)形容词/副词语法考查carefully(careful)earlier(early)数词/时态考查tenth(ten)won(win)2016根据首字母写单词early根据首字母写单词place形容词转化为副词easily(easy)动词的时态took(take)形容词的比较级better(good)2015动词的时态writing(write) 形容词转化为副词safely(safe)根据首字母写单词asleep根据首字母写单词river(s)名词语法考查wishes(wish)【规律总结】河北中考近5年词语运用题考查形式：2015—2019年为补全短文，其中2015年和2016年为5空，2017年、2018年和2019年为10空。
名词的考查主要是复数变化及词性转化。
动词的考查主要为时态、语态和非谓语的变化，动词的过去式是每年的必考点。
对形容词、副词、数词、代词的考查重点在词性转化上。
【命题趋势及预测】预测2020年河北中考的词语运用题仍会在短文中考查，且为10空，实词、虚词均有考查，考查点与2019年河北中考相似。
(英语)中考英语试题真题分类汇编连词
（英语）中考英语试题真题分类汇编连词一、初中英语连词1．It's a serious problem. We can't make a decision Mr. Black comes back.A. whileB. sinceC. untilD. so【答案】 C【解析】【分析】这是个严重的问题，我们直到布莱克先生回来才可以做决定。
根据句意，直到……才……，故选C。
此处应是直到布莱克先生回来，我们才可以做决定，not…until…的用法。
【点评】考查连词，识记not…until…2．The film is really exciting. the students their teacher is enjoying the film.A. Both; andB. Not only; but alsoC. Either; orD. Neither; nor【答案】 B3．He knows a lot, ________ he is just a child.A. howeverB. thoughC. andD. because【答案】 B4．He is getting fat, _______________ he has decided to go to work on foot.A. becauseB. thoughC. soD. and 【答案】 C5．A recent survey shows that 44 percent of Americans want to use self-driving cars, _________34 percent believe that they will make the roads mote dangerous.A. althoughB. becauseC. if【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：一个近来的调查显示44%的美国人想要使用无人驾驶车，尽管34%的人相信它们会让道路更加危险。
2024年中考英语真题分类汇编(全国通用)专题22 词汇运用 考点5 完成句子(第01期)(解析版)
专题22词汇运用考点5完成句子（第01期）1．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）人生就像一匹马，要么你驾驭它，要么它驾驭你。
Life is like a horse,and you ride it it rides you.【答案】either or【详解】此处缺少“要么……要么……”的翻译，either...or...“要么……要么……”，故填either；or。
2．（2024·天津·中考真题）许多明信片正在商店里出售。
Many postcards are at the shop.【答案】on sale【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处是短语on sale“出售”。
故填on；sale。
3．（2024·天津·中考真题）哈里打开电脑查看电子邮件。
Harry his computer and checked his email.【答案】turned on【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查动词短语turn on“打开”。
根据“checked”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。
故填turned；on。
4．（2024·天津·中考真题）我家乡的人们彼此很友好。
People in my home town are friendly to.【答案】each other【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“彼此”。
each other“彼此，互相”。
故填each；other。
5．（2024·天津·中考真题）我们可以一起参加讨论。
We can the discussion together.【答案】join in【详解】根据中英文对照可知，join in表示“参加”，为固定短语。
can是情态动词，后跟动词原形。
故填join；in。
6．（2024·河北·中考真题）poems,I,writing,like.【答案】I like writing poems【详解】根据标点提示可知是陈述句，分析所给单词，I作主语，like作谓语，writing poems作宾语。
2019年中考英语分类汇编(精品解析)词汇运用之首字母填词
根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写。
使句意明确，语言通顺。
(2019安徽)91. It is helpful to have a clear i_________ (想法) of what you want.(2019安徽)92. My English teacher is always r_________ (准备好) with advice for our study and life.(2019安徽)93. The six-year-old American girl has learned hundreds of Chinese p________ (诗). (2019安徽)94. We will go climbing tomorrow if the weather is f_________ (晴朗的).(2019安徽)95. The engineers are going to t__________ (测试) the self-driving car in our city. 91. idea 句意：对于你想要的东西有一个清晰的想法是有用的。
根据首字母和汉语提示知填idea。
92. ready 句意：我的英语老师总是为我们学习和生活准备好建议。
be ready for是固定结构，意为“为……而准备”。
再根据首字母和汉语提示确认答案为ready。
93. poems 句意：这个六岁美国小女孩已经学习了好几百首中国诗。
根据首字母和汉语提示考虑到单词poem。
从空前的hundreds of知，这里用名词复数。
故填poems。
94. fine 句意：如果天气晴朗，我们明天将去爬山。
根据首字母和汉语提示知填fine。
95. test 句意：那工程师打算在我们城市测试无人驾驶汽车。
根据首字母和汉语提示知填test。
四、单词拼写与运用(共8小题，计8分)根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词，使补全后的句子意思通顺，语法正1. (2019·山东济宁) M is the day after Sunday and before Tuesday.2. (2019·山东济宁) China is the biggest country in A .3. (2019·山东济宁) The young man was b enough to save his neighbours from a fire.4. (2019·山东济宁) A all the school subjects, English is my favourite.答案：1. Money 2. Asia 3. brave 4. Among1.Money 【解析】在星期天之后星期二之前是星期一。
【中考真题真题分类汇编】2019-2015中考英语真题分类汇编：连词成句(河北省)
2019-2015年中考英语真题分类汇编：连词成句（河北省）2019年河北省中考试卷A)连词成句(共5小题, 每小题1分, 计5分)将所给词语连成句子, 标点已给出。
要求：符合语法, 语句通顺, 大小写正确, 词语不得重复使用。
37. （1分）（2019•河北）cup, is, where, my？38. （1分）（2019•河北）luck, wish, good, you.39. （1分）（2019•河北）day, a, is, what, beautiful, it!40. （1分）（2019•河北）teacher's, she, the, advice, took.41. （1分）（2019•河北）win, I, the game, believe, they'll.2018年河北省中考试卷连词成句（共5小题，每小题1分，计5分）将所给词语连成句子，标点已给出. 要求：符合语法，语句通顺，大小写正确，词语不得重复使用.18. （1.00分）it，outside，hot，is______________________________________________？19. （1.00分）on time，to，remember，arrive________________________________________________.20. （1.00分）for lunch，we，what，do，have________________________________________________？21. （1.00分）a cup of，Lucy，me，tea，brought_________________________________________________.22. （1.00分）your，beautiful，are，how，kites___________________________________________________!2017年河北省中考试卷连词组句将所给词语连成句子, 标点已给出。
专题01 名词--2023年中考英语考试研究(河北专用)(解析版)
专题01 名词1．（2020·河北·统考中考真题）In a restaurant, people usually choose food and drink fromthe .A．book B．menu C．newspaper D．magazine【答案】B【详解】句意：在餐馆里，人们通常从菜单上选择食物和饮料。
考查名词辨析。
book书籍；menu 菜单；newspaper 报纸；magazine杂志。
通过空前的“In a restaurant在餐馆里”及“choose food and drink选择食物”可知，此处是说从“菜单”上选择食物。
故选B。
2．（2019·河北·中考真题）I like this song. It’s by one of my favorite_________.A．singers B．dancers C．painters D．writers【答案】A【详解】句意：我喜欢这首歌，它是我最喜欢的歌手之一唱的。
根据I like this song.可知是最喜欢的歌手唱的；singers歌手，dancers舞蹈家，painters画家，writers作家；故选A。
3．（2018·河北·中考真题）Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school. A．advice B．news C．praise D．choice【答案】B【详解】句意：你听到这个消息了吗？一位科学家将参观我们的学校。
考查名词词义辨析。
advice意为“建议”；news意为“消息、新闻”；praise意为“赞美、赞扬”；choice意为“选择”。
根据句意语境，可知ACD三项意思都与句意不合，故选B。
A．secret B．advice C．promise D．purpose【答案】B【详解】句意：你的建议是非常有帮助的。
2019年全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编——副词(可编辑修改word版)
2019 年全国各地中考英语真题分类汇编——副词【2018 ft东济南】49.—Please drive when you pass a school.—OK.A. nearlyB. earlyC. slowlyD. really49.C【解析】考查副词辨析。
nearly“几乎”；early“早的”；slowly“慢地”；really“真正地”。
句意“－当经过学校时，请开慢一点。
－好的。
”故选 C。
【2018 ft东济南】50.—Have you ever been to Disneyland?—No, .I hope I can go there next year.A.alwaysB. sometimesC. neverD. often50.C【解析】考查频度副词辨析。
always“一直，总是”；sometimes“有时”；never“从不”；often“经常”。
句意“－你曾经去过迪斯尼乐园吗？－不，从没去过。
我希望我下年去那里”。
故选C。
【 2018 ft 东济南】54.—How often do the students play sports?A.Twice a dayB. Since last nightC. For two hoursD. A month ago54.A【解析】考查疑问副词短语的答语。
上文用 how often（多久一次）提问，下文需是表频度的答语。
故选 A。
twice a day“每天两次”【。
易错分析】B 项和 C 项常用于现在完成时，D项常用于一般过去时。
【2018 湖南株洲】29. I play basketball every day because I want to play as as Yao Ming.A. wellB. betterC. best【答案】A考查副词比较级和最高级。
as……as 是同级比较，中间要用形容词或副词的原级。
故选 A。
【2018.安徽省】48. Mike hurt his back seriously and can get out of bed withouthelp.A. quicklyB. easilyC. nearlyD. hardly【答案】D【2018 广东】30.— Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?—No, I go to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive.A. hardlyB. nearlyC. stillD. Only【答案】A【2018 贵州安顺】22.His grandparents live in a small house, but they don’tfeel ．A．lonely; alone B．alone; lonely C．lonely; lonely D．alone; alone【答案】B【2018 湖北黄石】27.The 3D Titanic is a moving film. My parents have seen ittwic .A.yetB.alreadyC.neverD.almost【答案】B【2018·湖北·荆州】22. — How often do you exercise?—ever. Because I am very busy with my work.A. HardlyB. NearlyC. AlwaysD. Almost【答案】A【2018 湖南怀化】【答案】B【2018 江苏连云港】3.—I didn’t know you go to school by taxi.—Oh, I take a taxi to school, but my bike needs repairing.A. alwaysB. sometimesC. oftenD. seldom【答案】D【2018 江苏连云港】5.—Have you bought for Linda’s birthday?—Not exactly. Just some flowers,A. something unusualB. anything unusualC. unusual somethingD. unusual anything【答案】B【2018 江苏南京】11. ----How is Susan?-----Oh, she lives abroad, so I ever see her.A. hardlyB. greatlyC. clearlyD. nearly【答案】A【2018 江苏宿迁】17. The meat smells . Throw it away.A. wellB. goodC. badlyD. bad【答案】D【2018 江苏盐城】11. Don’t talk to anyone about the bad news —not my mother.A. hardlyB. usuallyC. especiallyD. simply【答案】C【2018 江西】35. He said he would go , but then he drove very fast.A. earlyB. quicklyC. directlyD. slowly【答案】D[:中~国教育^【2018 辽宁大连】ptops are smaller and lighter so that they can be carried very .A.clearlyB.regularlyC.easilyD.carefully【答案】C【2018 呼和浩特】4. Can you pass my glasses to me, betty? I can see the words on the blackboard.A. reallyB. hardC. onlyD. hardly【答案】D【2019 年广东省】30. --- did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titannic last night?---- No, I go to the cinema . The tickets are too expensiveA.hardlyB. nearlyC. stillD.only【答案】A42.Some animals can even see things in the dark.A. badB. badlyC. clearD. clearly【答案】D【2018 湖北襄阳】29. —Can you understand me?—Sorry. I can understand what you’ve said.A. nearlyB. easilyC. hardlyD. exactly【答案】C【2018.ft东菏泽】6. My friend Frank sings well, and he is good at playing guitar.A. notB. alsoC. yetD. too【答案】B25.Cathy was born blind so she has seen our beautifulworld． A．often B．sometimes C．seldom D．never【解析】D。
2019年中考英语单词拼写(汉译英)真题训练(含答案)
2019年中考英语单词拼写（汉译英）真题训练(名师精选全国真题+实战训练，建议下载练习)一．填空题（共42小题）1．（2018•真题）Come on! Suzhou Museum is only a few steps（步）further．【解答】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：步．英语表达是step，a few后接名词复数．故答案为steps．2．（2018•真题）How lucky（幸运的）they are to have such a good teacher!【解答】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：幸运的．英语表达是lucky，句子是how开头的感叹句，How+adj+主语+谓语．故答案为lucky．3．（2018•真题）Mr Sigmund Friend is used to dealing（处理）with all kinds of problems．【解答】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：处理．英语表达是deal with处理．be used to doing sth习惯做某事．故答案为dealing．4．（2018•真题）Confidence is an important condition（条件）if you want to achieve success．【解答】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：条件．英语表达是condition，前有冠词an，所以用名词单数．故答案为condition．5．（2018•真题）A long time ago it was widely（广泛地）believed that there was life on Mars．【解答】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：广泛地．英语表达是widely，副词．故答案为widely．6．（2018•真题）With all her efforts，the children finally accepted（接受）her as one of the family．【解答】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：接受．英语表达是accept，句子是一般过去时．故答案为accepted．7．（2018•真题）When talking to British people，we should avoid（避免）subjects like age，weight ormoney．【解答】考查翻译填空．根据汉语提示及其英语句子，可知要翻译的部分为：避免．英语表达是avoid，should后接动词原形．故答案为avoid．8．（2017•真题）Finally（最后），I would like to thank you all for coming here today．【解答】答案：Finally．根据﹣﹣（最后），I would like to thank you all for coming here today，可知最后，我要感谢各位今天来到这里．这里修饰句子，应该用副词形式．Finally，副词，最后．故填Finally．9．（2016•真题）Our government has made laws to limit（限制）air and water pollution．【解答】答案：limit 根据题干Our government has made laws to_____ （限制）air and water pollution．可知句意为：我国政府已经制定了限制空气和水污染的法律．to+动词原形．limit，限制，动词．故填：limit．10．（2016•真题）Although you are young，you can still（仍然）make the world more beautiful in your own way．【解答】答案：still 根据题干Although you are young，you can_____ （仍然）make the world more beautiful in your own way．可知句意为：虽然你还年轻，但你仍然可以用自己的方式让世界变得更美丽．修饰动词make，应该用副词．still，仍然，副词．故填：still．11．（2016•真题）The artist always expresses（表达）his world view in his works．【解答】答案：expresses 根据题干The artist always_____ （表达）his world view in his works．可知句意为：这位艺术家总是在他的作品中表达自己的世界观．根据句意和always，可知应该用一般现在时态．express，表达，动词．主语是The artist，第三人称单数．所以谓语动词也应该用第三人称单数形式．故填：expresses．12．（2016•真题）Now is the time for all Jazz fans'（迷）voices to be heard．【解答】答案：fans'根据题干Now is the time for all Jazz___ （迷）voices to be heard．可知句意为：现在是所有的爵士乐迷的声音被听到的时候．all+可数名词复数．fan，迷，名词，复数fans，并且此处是用来修饰后面的名词voices，指所有的爵士乐迷的声音，所以应用其所有格充当定语．故填：fans'．13．（2016•真题）As the saying goes，"God helps those who help themselves（他们自己）．"【解答】答案：themselves 根据题干As the saying goes，"God helps those who help___ （他们自己）．"可知句意为：俗话说，"自助者天祝之．"themselves，他们自己，反身代词．作help的宾语．故填：themselves．14．（2016•真题）Early this morning I was busy digging（挖）in the garden to plant trees．【解答】答案：digging 根据题干Early this morning I was busy____ （挖）in the garden to plant trees．可知句意为：今天早上，我正忙着在花园里挖坑种树．be busy doing sth，忙于做某事．dig，挖，动词．ing形式为digging，故填：digging．15．（2016•真题）Toni Morrison is considered as one of the best writers of the twentieth （第二十）century．【解答】答案：twentieth 根据题干Toni Morrison is considered as one of the best writers of the_____（第二十）century．可知句意为：托妮•莫里森被认为是二十世纪最优秀的作家之一．二十世纪，即第二十个世纪，应该用序数词．twentieth，第二十，序数词．故填：twentieth．16．（2015•真题）The bank is opposite（在…对面）the supermarket，on the other side of the road．【解答】答案：opposite．根据提示汉语结合语境推测句意是"银行位于超市的对面，在路的另一边．"，由设空处所在的短语表示位置，判断设空处应填介词，提示词"在…对面"是opposite，所以答案是：opposite17．（2013•真题）The local clubs are making every effort（努力）to interest more young people．【解答】答案：effort．根据空格前后的单词是make_____to，所以可以使用effort这个词，构成一个短语make effort to do sth．意为"努力做某事"，故填effort．18．（2013•真题）John went out and locked（锁住）the door behind him．【解答】答案：locked．根据汉语提示"锁住"以及"went out"可知要使用一般过去时，故填locked．19．（2013•真题）I had to throw away all the food after I left the fridge open．What a waste （浪费）！【解答】答案：waste．根据"I had to throw away all the food"可知这是一个很浪费的事情，另外空格前面有a，所以后面要用名词waste，故填waste．20．（2013•真题）UNICEF is one of the best﹣known charities（慈善机构）that help poor children around the world．【解答】答案：charities．根据汉语提示"慈善机构"所以要用charity，又根据"one of the best﹣known"可知one of后面的名词要用复数形式，故填charities．21．（2013•真题）Do you lie awake（醒着的）at night，worrying about things？【解答】答案：awake．根据汉语提示"醒着的"可知要用形容词awake，表示状态，作后置定语修饰you．故填awake．22．（2013•真题）He talked excitedly（兴奋地）to the reporters about his hopes of winning the race．【解答】答案：excitedly．根据汉语提示"兴奋地"以及"He talked （兴奋地）"可知需要一个副词来修饰动词talk，所以要用excited的副词形式excitedly，故填excitedly．23．（2013•真题）Have you discussed（讨论）the problem with anyone？【解答】答案：discussed．现在完成时的构成：have/has+过去分词．根据汉语提示"讨论"可知要用discuss，又根据"Have you"可知空格处需要填discussed，构成现在完成时．故填discussed．24．（2012•真题）Is this wood dry（干燥的）enough to burn？【解答】答案：dry；该题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握；根据汉语提示可知"干燥的"翻译为：dry；故填dry．25．（2012•真题）I'm so tired that I can hardly（几乎不）stay awake．【解答】答案：hardly；该题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握；根据汉语提示可知"几乎不"翻译为：hardly；故填hardly．26．（2012•真题）The cat was lying（卧）fast asleep by the fire．【解答】答案：lying；该题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握；根据汉语提示可知"卧"翻译为：lie；根据句中信息was可知该句用过去进行时；故填lying．27．（2012•真题）Have you given the kids their bus fares（车费）？【解答】答案：fares．根据bus以及汉语意思"车费"，可知在这里考查了公交车车费这个短语．车费的英语说法是fares．故填fares．28．（2012•真题）She dropped（掉落）the plate and it broke into pieces．【解答】答案：dropped；该题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握；根据汉语提示可知"掉落"翻译为：drop；因为后面的句子it broke into pieces为一般过去时，前后时态要一致，可知前面的句子也要用一般过去时dropped，故填dropped．29．（2012•真题）My grandma is in her eighties（八十多岁），but she can still take care of herself．【解答】答案：eighties；该题考查学生对英语词汇和短语的掌握；"在某人八十多岁"翻译为：in one's eighties；根据汉语提示，可知该空应填eighties；故填eighties．30．（2012•真题）The Olympic team were given a hero's（英雄般的）welcome on their return home．【解答】答案：hero's；该题考查学生对英语词汇的掌握；根据汉语提示可知"英雄般的"用名词所有格形式，翻译为：hero's；故填hero's．31．（2011•真题）It's my cousin's twenty﹣third（第二十三个）birthday next week．【解答】答案：twenty﹣third．"第二十几"的这些序数词是由twenty加从第一到第九这些序数词，例如第二十一要用twenty﹣first．根据"_____（第二十三个）birthday"可知要用23的序数词，第二十三个表达为twenty﹣third，故填twenty﹣third．32．（2011•真题）August is the hottest（最热）month in Suzhou，isn't it？【解答】答案：hottest．根据"the____month"以及汉语提示"最热"可知要用hot的最高级形式，hot的最高级要双写t，再加est，故填hottest．33．（2011•真题）Excellent teachers are usually interested（感兴趣）in their students．【解答】答案：interested．根据"are usually_____ （感兴趣）in"可知空格处需要interested，用interested构成短语：be interested in对…感兴趣，故填interested．34．（2011•真题）The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders（奇迹）of the world．【解答】答案：wonders．根据"one of the_____"可知空格处需要一个名词的复数形式，意为"…之一"．结合给出的汉语提示"奇迹"，所以要用名词wonders，故填wonders．35．（2011•真题）Do you know the difference between（在…．之间）"beside"and"besides"．【解答】答案：between．根据"beside"and"besides"，可知这是两者之间的区别，根据汉语提示"在…之间"，所以要用between，between经常用于结构：the difference between…and…故填between．36．（2011•真题）We visit the home for the elderly once（一次）a month．【解答】答案：once．根据"___（一次）a month"可知每月一次要用once a month，所以"一次"要用once，故填once．37．（2011•真题）Have you ever written（写）a letter to your parents？【解答】答案：written．现在完成时表示动作在过去发生，对现在有影响．构成：have/has+过去分词，经常和ever，never，already等词连用．根据"Have you ever"以及汉语提示"写"，可知要用"write"过去分词形式来构成现在完成时，故填written．38．（2011•真题）Would you like to share（分享）your experiences with me．【解答】答案：share．根据"Would you like to…（分享）your experiences with me．"可知要用share这个动词，构成短语：share…with…；又根据"Would you like to"可知空格处需要用动词原形，故填share．39．（2011•真题）This book is of great value（价值）to beginners．【解答】答案：value．有些抽象名词可以用于结构：be+of+抽象名词，在抽象名词前面还可以用great，little，no等来修饰名词，根据"is of great _____to"以及汉语提示"（价值）"，可知要用value这个名词，故填value．40．（2011•真题）Actually（实际上），we still have a lot more to learn．【解答】答案：Actually．有些副词经常放在句子的开头，对整个句子进行说明，比如luckily，Evidently，fortunately，unfortunately等等．结合给出的汉语提示"实际上"可知要用actually，又因为放在句首，所以首字母要大写，故填Actually．41．（2010•真题）Please cut（切）me a piece of cake．【解答】答案：cut．根据前面的"Please"以及"me a piece of cake"，可知这是一个祈使句，所以后面要用动词原形，结合汉语提示"切"，故填cut．42．（2010•真题）He has always been a big fan（迷）of Michael Jackson．【解答】答案：fan．根据"Michael Jackson"迈克尔•杰克逊是著名的歌星，结合给出的汉语提示"迷"，意思是"他是迈克尔•杰克逊的粉丝"，所以要用fan这个词，结合前面的"a big"所以要用单数fan．故填fan．二．词汇应用（共18小题）43．（2017•真题）In Switzerland，some of the old clothes are sold（卖）in charity shops．【解答】答案：sold通过分析句子可知，主语"some of old clothes"是动词"卖sell"的承受者，故此处应该为被动语态．被动语态的构成为：be+过去分词，故此处应该为sell的过去分词形式，答案为sold．44．（2017•真题）Life is like a race．I'm ready to take on new challenges（挑战）any time．【解答】答案：challenges根据谓语动词"take on"和形容词"new"可知，此处应该为名词作宾语，因"challenge"为可数名词，故此处应该为其复数形式，答案为challenges．45．（2017•真题）Everyone，you need to have a dream．The future of China depends（依靠）on you．【解答】答案：depends通过分析可知，句中缺少谓语动词，"依靠"可译为"depend on"．根据句意"中国的未来要靠你们．"可知，这句话的时态为一般现在时，因主语"The future of China"为单数，故此处应用depend的单数形式，答案为depends．46．（2017•真题）My grandma always tells me nothing（没有什么）is more important than health．【解答】答案：nothing根据提示词"没有什么"可知，此处应为不定代词"nothing"做宾语从句的主语，答案为nothing．47．（2017•真题）It took him much longer﹣hundreds of extra（额外的）hours to improve his skills．【解答】答案：extra根据应填词语修饰"hours"可知，应填词语为形容词．"额外的"应译为"extra"，故答案为extra．48．（2015•真题）Helen nodded（点头）with a smile when she met me．【解答】根据所给的汉语意思可知用nod；由when she met me可知，要用一般过去时态，nod的过去式为nodded．故填：nodded49．（2015•真题）Becky wisely（明智地）decided to tell us the truth．【解答】根据词法结构可知，"明智地"修饰动词decide；故用副词形式．故填：wisely50．（2015•真题）Justin lay back and enjoyed the peace（安宁）of the summer evening．【解答】根据所给汉语意思可知用peace；是不可数名词，故用其原形，故填：peace．51．（2015•真题）My cousin used to be very interested in collecting（收集）postcards．【解答】根据所给汉语意思可知用collect；前面有介词in，所以要用动名词形式，故填：collecting52．（2015•真题）Edison is one of the greatest inventors（发明家）in the world．【解答】根据所给汉语可知填inventor；one of+the+adj最高级．最高级+n．复数表示"最…之一"，故inventor要用复数形式．故填：inventors53．（2015•真题）Mr．Green often punishes（惩罚）his children by not letting them play games．【解答】根据所给汉语可知用punish；主语Mr．Green为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也要用单三形式，故填：punishes．54．（2014•真题）I like the suit，but the jacket doesn't fit（合身）me．【解答】题干为一般现在时的否定句，助词doesn't后接动词原形，fit译为"与…相符；适合…"，是动词，与句意相符，故答案为fit．55．（2014•真题）It might beseveral months before she's fully cured（治愈）．【解答】根据句意可知考查被动语态的用法，被治愈译为"be cured"，故答案为"cured"．56．（2014•真题）I think it'sour turn（轮次）to drive the kids to school thisweek．【解答】It's one's turn to do sth．意为"该轮到某人做某事了"，故答案为turn．57．（2014•真题）I'm busy at the moment，but I'll be free（空闲的）this afternoon．【解答】本题考查的是根据汉语提示写单词，空闲的与题干中的busy对应，应该是free．58．（2014•真题）Brenda spent all day preparing（准备）the meal．【解答】本题考查的是根据汉语提示写单词，句子中含有spend，spend+时间+doing sth，所以动词prepare应该用preparing．59．（2014•真题）She suddenly（突然）found herself being talked about in all thenewspapers．【解答】本题考查了单词拼写，汉语提示是突然，修饰动词found，所以应该用副词形式，故用suddenly．60．（2014•真题）Even if they are not very skilled，you really have to admirethe nurses'（护士）team spirit．【解答】本题考查了单词拼写，汉语提示是护士，根据题干team spirit可知，是名词所有格作定语修饰team spirit，护士是复数变名词所有格时在后面省略s，故用nurses'。
【推荐】19年中考英语真题分类专题17.2任务型阅读(回答问题)(第02期)(原卷版)
2019 年中考真题英语分项汇编专题17 任务型阅读考点2 回答问题Passage 1（2019 ?山东省滨州市）阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。
Need a reason to be happy? Then you will be happy to know that March 20th is the International Day of Happiness.The United Nations set up the International Day of happiness in 2012 to remind us that happiness is a basichuman goal and right.It was celebrated for the first time in 2013. On that day, we celebrated hundreds of those “ Happ who did so much to bring happiness to others. They helped the homeless to live a comfortable life and the poorkids to go to school.The 2014 Day of Happiness actions asked people to share pictures of making them happy. People all over theworld showed their favourite pictures on the Internet. “ It ’ s exciting to seearingsophotosmany peopleofwhatshmakes them happy. ” Joe, a senior high school students from Canada said. The 2015 Day of Happiness actions gaveattention on relationships. Modern society is leaving more and more people feeling lonely. On that day, thousandsof people all around the world reached out to make new connections with others. They visited their neighbours,gave calls to the doctors they didn ’t know very well, drove the strangers to station for freeThe theme of the 2019 Day of Happiness is “ Happier.ItTogetherencourages people” worldwide to focus onwhat we have in common, rather than what divides us.66. When is the International Day of Happiness?_________________________________________________________________________67. Why did the United Nations set up the International Day of Happiness?_________________________________________________________________________68. How did Joe feel when he saw many people sharing photos?_________________________________________________________________________69. According to the passage, more and more people are feeling happy in modern society, aren ’_________________________________________________________________________70. What is the theme of 2019 Day of Happiness?_________________________________________________________________________Passage 2（2019 ?北京市）Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than ExpectedIce covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）. Some pieces of ice are huge, like moving islands. As temperatures have increased, however, some of the ice has begun to disappear. Scientists have discovered hugewaves（海浪）in the arctic waters.The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010. Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set outon a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters.On May 2, the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large chunk of ice around 50 miles from the smallisland of Hopen. Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice."We were ready to go but when I went out, I discovered many cracks （裂缝）around," he remembers.He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe. The farther in they went, he thought, the harderthe ice would become. As they pushed forward, however, the ship experienced small waves, and then biggerones. Soon, the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces ．Within an hour, Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high. The ship's navigation （航行）system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height. The waves were so strong thatthey forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down, breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour.Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast. The waves in these areas used to be small.The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming.That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend onsea ice to protect them. Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger. Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters. As waves break up ice, theseas will become more open, and the waves will get even stronger. There are stormy times ahead.34. When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arctic waters?35. Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip?36. What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe?37. How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system?38. What is Paragraph 7 mainly about?Passage 3（2019 ?安徽省）阅读下面短文，并用英语回答问题（请注意每小题后面的词数要求）。
江苏省徐州市2017-2019年三年中考英语真题分类汇编：词汇运用
词汇运用2019四、词语运用（共16小题；每小题1分, 满分16分）A）选用方框内的单词或词组填空, 其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。
no longer compare later under earlier traffic43. Can you help me pick up the pen? It's ____________ the desk.44. -What time will you arrive?-I have no idea. It depends on the __________________.45. Don't __________ your children with others. Just let them be themselves.46. It's not raining at the moment, but it might rain ______________.47. The computer caught a virus and __________ worked properly.A)43. under前文“pick up the pen”提示下文用介词under说明“在桌子下面”。
44. traffic 上文句意“你何时到达？” 提示下文和traffic相关。
句意：我不知道。
要看交通情况。
45. compare下文句意“就让他们做他们自己”提示用动词compare和with连用，符合句意。
不要把你们的孩于和其他孩子相比”。
ter 上文at the moment提示下文用副词later(以后；后来)。
句意：目前没有下雨，但可能过会儿下。
47. no longer上文句意“这台电脑中了病毒”提示下文用no longer（不再），符合句意“不再正常工作。
”B）根据句子意思, 用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
（每空限填一个单词）48. You are lucky, Linda. You didn't hurt __________(you).49. We should behave ___________ (polite) in public.50. How happy I am to celebrate my ___________ (fifteen) birthday tomorrow!51. If you don't know the name of the plant, please write"_____________" (know) in yournotebook.52. Thomas Edison, one of the greatest ____________ (invent) in the world, created over 1,000things.B)48. yourself上文句意“你幸运”和下文主语You提示用反身代词yourself，符合句意“你没有伤到你自己。
2019-2015年中考英语真题分类汇编：完型填空(河北省)
2019-2015年中考英语真题分类汇编：完型填空（河北省）2019年河北省中考试卷完形填空（共1小题, 每小题10分, 计10分）阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项.30. （10分）（2019•河北）I have invented robots which improve the work of cars. My love of making things began（1）I was a kid. I really became excited about inventing after I learned about Thomas Edison.One day in fourth grade, our（2）gave us a project in class. We had to write to a company and learn about the products. I thought and thought. （3）I chose the Thomas A. Edison Company. Soon after, the company sent me a book about the life of Thomas Edison. How I enjoyed reading and re﹣reading about his （4）! I like the recorded sound and the electric light most. The inventions were clearly printed on my brain.My dad noticed my interest in inventing and（5）me. He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans and then into new things. Once, I surprised my dad（6） a model plane I made. Later, we found a（7）model plane in a store. I learned that different inventors often invent similar things. It is not unusual for this to happen. I also learned that not all great ideas（8）. Failure is a common part of the inventing.As my father and I worked together, I began to realize that my dad was quite an inventor himself. He was always（9） a better way to do a simple job. His guiding hands, together with my（10）in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. Of course, I also thank Thomas Edison. He is my hero.（1）A. before B. after C. when D. until（2）A. parent B. teacher C. inventor D. engineer（3）A. Easily B. Finally C. Safely D. Quickly（4）A. lights B. projects C. suggestions D. inventions （5）A. mistook B. refused C. chose D. encouraged （6）A. with B. about C. into D. from（7）A. different B. similar C. large D. small（8）A. work B. fail C. come D. end（9）A. looking at B. looking for C. looking after D. lookingthrough（10）A. habit B. story C. interest D. plan2018年河北省中考试卷完形填空（共1小题，每小题10分，计10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项.11. （10.00分）Once there was a king and his daughter. The king asked his daughter how much she loved him. She said that she loved him as much as the loved（1）. Her answer made the king very happy. Salt is simple thing，（2）it is very important. So the king thought his daughter cared a lot about him.Salt has many（3）. Bodies need salt. If we don't have enough，our bodies can't work properly. We put salt on icy roads to make them（4）. We also use salt to produce other products，like paper and glass. But for many years，salt's most important job was to（5）____ food. Like other living things，most bacteria（细菌）need water to live. Salt takes in plenty of water，so most bacteria（细菌）can not live（6） a salty environment. As a result，salt protects food and many other things. For much of humans history，this ability has made salt（7）____ Every ancient culture from Egypt to China depended on salt. Even today，the hard working useful people are（8）as "the salt of the earth".For centuries，salt was also hard to （9）. It's usefulness，together with rarity（稀有）made it very expensive. Salt could even be used like（10）In fact，the word salary （薪水）comes from the word salt.Today，salt is used more widely and it still plays an important role in our life.（1）A. salt B. air C. gold D. sugar（2）A. or B. so C. and D. but（3）A. forms B. secrets C. uses D. skills（4）A. wide B. safe C. smooth D. thick（5）A. protect B. provide C. produce D. prepare（6）A. in B. outside C. for D. without（7）A. hopeful B. comfortable C. valuable D. successful（8）A. saved B. dreamed C. invited D. described（9）A. sell B. get C. take D. keep（10）. money B. medicine C. earth D. food2017年河北省中考试卷完形填空阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项.One thorn（刺）of experience is worth many times of warning.Ralph Wick was seven years old. In most things he was a fine boy, but he would cry from time to time. When he could not have what he wanted, he would （11）_________ for it. If he was told that it would hurt him, and he could not （12）_________ it, he would also cry.One day, he went with his mother into the （13）_________. The sun shone. The grass was cut. The flowers were starting to come out.Ralph thought he was, for once, a good boy. A （14）_________ was on his face. He wished to do as he was told. Ralph helped his mother with the farm work and he was very happy."Now you must be tired and （15）_________," said his mother. "Have a good rest here and eat some cookies. I will get a beautiful red rose for you." So his mother brought the red flower to him. When he saw his mother still had a white rose in her hand, Ralph （16）_________ it."No, my dear," said his mother. "See how many thorns it has. You must not touch it, or you would be sure to hurt your （17）_________." When Ralph found that he could not have the white rose, he began to cry, and （18）_________ took it away. But he was soon very sorry. The thorns hurt his hand. It was so（19）_________ that he could not use it for some time.Ralph would never （20）_________ this. From then on, when he wanted what he should not have, his mother would point to his hand which had been hurt before. He at last learned to do as he was told.11. A. run B. cry C. plan D. call12. A. save B. hide C. have D. lose13. A. park B. garden C. forest D. field14. A. smile B. sign C. fear D. mark15. A. lazy B. noisy C. hungry D. sleepy16. A. waited for B. asked for C. cared for D. thanked for17. A. arm B. leg C. hand D. foot18. A. quietly B. proudly C. politely D. suddenly19. A. helpful B. harmful C. peaceful D. painful20. A. accept B. refuse C. forget D. remember2016年河北省中考试卷完形填空Many of us enjoy watching animals in the world. But do you know what they can teach us?Geese （雁）, for example, teach a very good lesson about （16）______. In the fall, Canada geese fly to the warm south to （17）______ Canada’s cold winter. Th ey lift off in no order. Yet （18）______ they form a V shape, with one bird leading the group.This V shape allows geese to （19）______ energy. When the front bird moves its wings up and down, the resulting force of the air lifts the next one. This continues down the line. The bird （20）______ has the hardest job. When it gets （21）______, it moves behind, and another bird moves into the lead. By sharing the role, the group can travel great distances. Geese flying in a V shape can fly 70 percent farther without （22）______ than birds flying alone.During the long flying journey, geese communicate with one another. They honk （鸣叫）to （23）______ the birds up front to keep up the speed. They also cheer each other up （24）______ working toward a common goal.What have w e learned from the lovely geese’s experience and skills?（25）______ together! Whether it is our personal lives or our jobs, we need other people. We need the spirit of teamwork!16. A. experience B. success C. friendship D. teamwork17. A. look for B. get away from C. wait for D. walk away from18. A. busily B. quickly C. bravely D. suddenly19. A. save B. waste C. create D. lose20. A. in front B. at the back C. in the middle D. on the left21. A. bored B. tired C. hungry D. thirsty22. A. rest B. sleep C. excuse D. result23. A. lead B. lift C. teach D. encourage24. A. until B. after C. while D. before25. A. Play B. Travel C. Live D. Work.2015年河北省中考试卷完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
【英语】中考英语试题真题分类汇编英语形容词
【英语】中考英语试题真题分类汇编英语形容词一、初中英语形容词1．After a two-hour-long match, Li Na looked rather _______.A. excitedB. boredC. tiredD. stressed【答案】 C【解析】【分析excited意为“兴奋的”；bored意为“无聊的”；tired意为“疲倦的”；stressed 意为“紧张的”。
句意为“经过两个小时的比赛之后，李娜看上去相当疲惫。
”故选C。
2．When we read a piece of news online, we'd better make sure it's ______ before sending it to others. If not, we may spread something bad.A. trueB. specialC. strange【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意：我们在网上看到一条新闻时，发给别人之前最好要确认它的真实性。
否则，我们可能散布不好的消息。
A.真实的；B.特殊的；C.奇怪的。
根据If not, we may spread something bad，所以我们确定网络新闻的真实性，故答案是A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意根据关键句思考问题并解决问题。
3．—What do you think of the environment in your hometown？—It's Both the air and the water are badly polluted.A. not badB. as good as beforeC. much better than beforeD. not as good as before【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得你家乡的环境怎么样？——没有以前那么好，空气和水都被严重污染了。
2019年中考英语分类汇编短文填空6.用所给词的适当形式填空
（2019.山东滨州）六、词汇应用(共10小题, 计10分)阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
Have you ever read the book A Brief History of Time? It (71) (write)by Stephen Hawking in 2013.Stephen Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942, exactly 300 years after thedeath of Galileo in Oxford, England. At the age of eleven, Stephen went toOxford University, his father’s old college. After three years, he won a first classhonour degree in (72)_______ (nature) science.In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge (73)_______ (do) research.He (74)_______ (real) enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad (75)_______ (ill)shortly after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was given two years to live. Yet he went onlive by (77)_______(76)_______ (work) hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t(he), he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got (78)_______ (marry) in 1965, then they hadthree (79)_______ (child).Stephen liked China very much, he had visited China several times. On November 24th, 2017,Hawking (80)_______ (reply) Wang Junkai on his Weibo. He said he was pleased to answer theexcellent question from Mr. Wang Junkai.He once said, “My g oal is simple, it is complete understanding of the universe (宇宙).” Stephen Hawking is regarded as one of the most famous scientists since Einstein. Hawking diedon March 14th, 2018.体裁记叙文话题著名人物词数236【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了著名的科学家斯蒂芬·霍金的人生经历。
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2019-2015年中考英语真题分类汇编：词语运用（河北省）2019年河北省中考试卷词语运用(共1小题, 每小题10分, 计10分)根据短文内容所给提示, 在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。
36. （10分）（2019•河北）I have a photo album （相册）. It's a present from my classmate﹣David.I got to know David on the （1）（two）day of middle school. We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, （2）s we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. He showed me （3）a and I saw many interesting things. We had a （4）（wonder）time. It is really nice to have such （5）_____ good classmate.However, last summer, David （6）（go）to another city because of his father's job. Before leaving, he gave （7）（I）a photo album. "It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have also written some （8）（note）under each of these photos, " he said. I was （9）（deep）moved.I always look at the album when I think （10）David. I really miss him.2018年河北省中考试卷词语运用（每小题10分，计10分）根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词.17. （10.00分）June 15，2018This morning I took a bus to school. The traffic was （1）（busy）than usual and there were more people on the bus. At Xinhua Stop，I saw （2）old man get on the bus. He looked very weak. I stood （3）and gave my seat to him. He thanked me and asked me about my name and my school. We talked （4）（happy）.Later in the （5）（three）class，Mr. Du came in and asked me to go to the front. I didn't know （6）w，so I was a little afraid. Everyone was looking at me. Then he told （7）____（they）what I did on the bus this morning. He （8）（know）it because he got a phone call from the old man. Mr. Du said I could be a good example to my （9）（classmate）. It was really a good day （10）f me! I was so proud.2017年河北省中考试卷短文填空根据短文内容及所给提示, 在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词.I'm John. I'm in Grade Eight （41）a_________ Rocky Mountain High School. Every （42）M_________, I go to the Buddy Club. In theclub, older students help new students learn more about the school. My friend Sam is in the （43）__________ （ten）grade. He often listens （44）___________ （careful）to my problems. He always offers （45）___________ （I）some help. He is a hero in my heart.We have different （46）___________ （class）every day. On Friday afternoon, our school ends （47）__________ （early）than usual. My friends （48）_______________ I often go to the Science Club together. Twice （49）_________ week, we write robot programmes after school. We love making things, so we practice hard each time. Our team （50）___________ （win）two competitions last term. We were very happy.2016年河北省中考试卷根据短文内容及所给提示，补充文中单词或所用单词的适当形式填空。
I organized a picnic last Sunday, I got up（46）e______ and called some of my closest friends. First, we decided on a good （47）p______ to go, and then we talked about what food to bring. Everyone cooked the dishes that could be carried（48）______（easy）. Everything was put into a backpack and we （49）______（take）it across fields. When we finally got there, we sat down eating, and enjoyed a nice day together. And I was quite sure that food tasted much （50）______（good）on a picnic than anywhere else!2015年河北省中考试卷根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。
DearAuntGraceandUncle John,Iam76.______ (write)totellyouthatIarrivedhome77. ______ (safe).I gotverytiredonthetrainandnearlyfell78.a___________andmissedmy station !Thankyousomuchforinvitingmetothefarm.Youwereverykindtome.Ien joyed everyminute,especiallygoin g t othe79.r______________wherewefishedtogether.MumandDadsendtheirbest 80. (wish).Iwillneverforgetmylovelyholidaywith you.Lotsoflove,Susan参考答案2019年河北省中考试卷36. 【分析】本文讲述了我的好朋友大卫因为他父亲的工作去了另一个城市, 我很想他. 每当我想起大卫时, 我总是看相册.【解答】1. second 考查序数词, 根据day of middle school可知填序数词second修饰名词day, 结合上下文可知句意：我在上中学的第二天认识了大卫. 故答案是second2. so 考查连词, 根据上文both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, 结合首字母可知句意：所以我们总是有很多事情要谈. so 连词, 因此, 所以, 故答案是so3. around 考查副词, 根据Once I traveled with him to his hometown in the countryside. 可知短语show sb around带领某人参观, 结合上下文可知句意：他带我参观, 我看见了许多有趣的东西. 故答案是around4. wonderful 考查形容词, have a wonderful time过得愉快, 结合上下文可知句意：我们过得愉快. 故答案是wonderful5. a 考查不定冠词, such +a/an +adj +单数名词, such a good classmate如此好的同学, 结合上下文可知句意：有这么好的同学真是太好了. 故答案是a6. went 考查一般过去时, 根据last summer可知用过去式went, 结合上下文可知句意：然而, 去年夏天, 大卫因为他父亲的工作去了另一个城市, 故答案是went7. me 考查宾格, 动词gave后用宾格作宾语, I的宾格是me, 结合上下文可知句意：在离开之前, 他给了我一本相册. 故答案是me8. notes 考查名词复数, some后的可数名词用复数, 结合上下文可知句意：我也在每张照片下面写了一些记录. 故答案是notes9. deeply 考查副词, 副词deeply修饰形容词moved, 结合上下文可知句意：我被深深地感动了. 故答案是deeply10. of考查短语, think of 想到, 结合上下文可知句意：每当我想起大卫时, 我总是看相册. 故答案是of2018年河北省中考试卷17. 【解答】（1）busier 考查比较级. 句意"交通比平常更繁忙，公共汽车上还有更多的人". 由than比. 可知，系表结构，且两者比较，用形容词busy的比较级busier更忙的.（2）an 考查冠词. 句意"我看见___老人上了公共汽车. ". 这里泛指一位老人，old是以元音音素/əu/开头，用an修饰.（3）up 考查搭配. 句意"我站__把座位让给了他. ". stand up站起来. 固定搭配. 填up.（4）happily 考查副词. 句意"我们愉快地交谈着. ". 修饰动词用happy的副词happily愉快地.（5）third 考查序数词. 句意"后来在第三节课". 定冠词the后用three的序数词third第三.（6）why 考查疑问词. 句意"我不知道__". 根据上一句Mr. Du came in and asked me to go to the front杜先生进来让我到前面去. 及首字母提示，可知，应该是"为什么". 填why.（7）them考查代词. 句意"然后他告诉他们今天早上我在公共汽车上做了什么". 动词后用they的宾格them他们.（8）knew考查动词. 句意"他知道它，因为他接到老人的电话. ". 由got过去式. 可知，一般过去时态，谓语动词用know的过去式knew 知道.（9）classmates 考查名词复数. 句意"杜先生说我可以成为同学们的好榜样. ". 我的同学不止一个，用classmate的复数classmates.（10）for 考查介词. 句意"__我___，这真是一个好日子！". 根据首字母提示，可知，应该是"对…来说"，用介词for.2017年河北省中考试卷41. at解析：考查介词.句意为：我在落基山中学八年级上学. 分析句子成分可知, 空格处为介词, 和后面的名词组成介宾结构, 充当状语. 根据句意, 并结合首字母提示和句子中英语提示"Rocky Mountain High School", 确定填at, 它是介词, 意思是"在". 故填at.42. Monday解析：考查名词. 句意为：每个星期一我都去"交友俱乐部". 分析句子成分可知, 空格处和形容词every组成状语, 表示时间. 根据句意, 并结合首字母提示, 确定填Monday, 它是名词, 意思是"星期一". 故填Monday.43. tenth解析：考查序数词. 句意为：我的朋友萨姆在十年级. 分析句子成分可知, 空格处为定语, 故填ten的某种形式. ten为基数词, 其序数词为tenth, 意思是"第十". 当数词作为前置定语, 表示顺序时, 应用序数词, 而不用基数词. the tenth grade十年级. （试区别grade ten）故填tenth.44. carefully解析：考查副词. 句意为：他经常认真地倾听我的问题. 分析句子成分可知, 空格处为状语, 故填副词. careful为形容词, carefully为副词, 意思是"仔细地；认真地". 故填carefully.45. me解析：考查人称代词. 句意为：他常常给我提供帮助. 分析句子成分可知, 空格处为宾语, 故填人称代词的宾格. I为主格, 其宾格为me, 意思是"我". 故填me.46. classes解析：考查名词复数. 句意为：每天我们都上不同的课. 分析句子成分可知, 空格处为宾语, 且被形容词many修饰, 应为名词复数. class为名词, 意思是"课", 其复数为classes. 故填classes.47. earlier解析：考查副词比较级. 句意为：星期五下午, 我们学校放学比平常早. 分析句子成分可知, 空格处为状语, 故填副词. 根据句意, 并结合句子中英语提示"ends"和"than", 确定填earlier, 它是副词early的比较级, 意思是"更早；早一些". earlier than比…更早（早一些）. 故填earlier.48. and解析：考查连词. 句意为：我和朋友常常一起去科技俱乐部. 分析句子成分可知, 空格前后为并列成分, 都是主语, 故填连词and, 其意思是"和". my friends and I我和朋友（注意英汉顺序的不同）. 故填and.49. a解析：句意为：每周两次, 我们放学后写机器人程序. 分析句子成分可知, 逗号之前为状语, 表示频率, 且空格之后为名词单数, 故填不定冠词a. twice a week每周两次. 故填a.50. won 解析：考查一般过去时. 句意为：我们队上学期赢了两场比赛. 分析句子成分可知, 空格处为谓语, 且根据时间状语last term, 事情发生在过去, 故用一般过去时. win为动词, 意思是"赢得", 其过去式为won. 故填won.2016年河北省中考试卷本文讲了作者和朋友们的一次野餐的经历。