英语语法PPT课件

✓ 不定式 （常以 It’s adj. to do sth. 形式出现）
• It is difficult to learn how to swim. • It is exciting to listen to Jay’s music. • It is important to learn English.
谓语
➢ 定义 谓语表示主语所做的动作或所处的状态。
➢ 分类 （1）简单谓语
(2) 复杂谓语
❖ 简单谓语：凡由一个动词（或动词词组）构 成的谓语都是简单谓语
Eg I like walking.(一般现在时主动语态)
I made your birthday cake last night. (一般 过去时主动语态)
✓ It作主语，有如下情况：
• 指代刚刚提到的事物：What’s this ? It’s a bus. ❖ 表示时间，天气，距离： ❖ What’s the time? It’s eight o’clock. (时间) ❖ What’s it going to be tomorrow? It’s going to be
宾语
➢ 定义 宾语是谓语动作所涉及的对象,它是动作的承 受者,宾语可以由名词或起名词作用的成分担 任，宾语一般放在谓语动词后面。
➢ 例句 I saw a cat in the tree. We think you are right.
Attention1：宾语的分类 直接宾语：多指物 间接宾语 多指人 例句： Give the rubber to me Please give the letter to XiaoLi. My father bought me a book.
rainy.(天气) ❖ How far is it? It’s about one kilometer away. (距
离)
✓ There be 句型中，be 作谓语，主语位居其后 ❖ There are many different kinds of
mooncakes. ❖ There will be a strong wind.
carefully. ❖ China does not want to copy the USA’s
example.
✓ 代词
❖ It’s a young forest. ❖ I don’t know if it will grow. ❖ That’s a bit expensive. ❖ You’d better buy a new pair. ❖ I’m afraid we haven’t got any black shoes.
❖ Attention2: 宾补 （宾语补足语）
有些及物动词除跟一个宾语外，还需要加上 宾语补足语,否则意思不完整,它们一起构成复 合宾语,复合宾语中宾语和后面的宾语补足语 有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，这也是判断是两 个宾语还是复合宾语的依据,宾语可以由名词 或起名词作用的词担任。
❖ 例句： ❖ We all call him LaoWang. ❖ Please color it red. ❖ We found the little girl in the hill.
持续 He always keeps silent in class. This matter rests(remains) a mystery.\
表象
• He looks tired. • He lost his girlfriend so he seems to be very sad. 感官
✓ 数词
❖ One and two is three. ❖ One is not enough for me. I want one more. ❖ One of them is English. ❖ Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck. ❖ Two will be enough.
❖ 主语 ❖ 谓语 ❖ 宾语 ❖ 定语 ❖ 状语 ❖ 表语 ❖ 同位语
句子成分
主语
➢ 定义 主语是句子陈述的对象，说明是谁或什么。 表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。 主语是执行句子的行为或动作的主体。
➢ 可以充当主语的词
✓ 名词
A moon cake is a delicious, round cake. ❖ The first truck is carrying a few baskets. ❖ The temperature will stay above zero. ❖ The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very
It is used by travelers and business people all over the world. (一般现在时被动语态)
❖ 复合谓语（分两种情况） （1）情态动词/助动词+动词原形
I won’t do it again. I can not swim. I’ll go and move away the bag of rice with Lin Tao. What does this word mean?
• This kind of clothes feels soft. The cake tastes delicious.
变化
China becomes strong after its entrance into WTO. 终止
The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success.
Biblioteka Baidu
(2）系表结构：系动词+表语构成的复合谓语
系动词
状态 Be
持续 Keep rest Remain stay
表象 Look seem
Appear
感官
变化
Feel smell Become grow
Sound taste Turn go come
终止 Prove; turn out
状态 He is ill. I am a teacher.