2019学年高二上学期英语期末复习大串讲：专题06 重难语法详解(强调句和倒装句)(必修5)(解析版)

一、强调句句型

1.陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分

（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当被强调部分指人）+ 其他部分。

e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 他是昨天遇到了李平。

2.一般疑问句的强调句型：只是把is/ was提到it前面。

e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?他是昨天遇到了李平吗？

3.特殊疑问句的强调句型：疑问代词或疑问副词+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其他部分？

e.g. When and where was it that you were born?你是什么时间在哪里出生的？

二、强调句考察的重点

1. 考查强调句型中的主谓一致

2. 考查强调句型的一般疑问句、特殊疑问句形式

3. 考查not until用于强调句型

4. 考查插入从句的强调句型：命题人会在强调句型中插入定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、插入语等，设置障碍。

5. 考查强调句型与It is long before…; It isn't long before…; It is since…等句型的辨析。

三、倒装句

在英语中，有时为了强调某一部分，或适应一定的语法结构的需要，而把谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面。

完全倒装：完全倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。

铃响了。There goes the bell.

公交车来了。Here comes the bus.

现在轮到你了。Now comes your turn.

【全倒1】以here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away 等表示方位的副词置于句首以示强调，句子要全部倒装，谓语动词常用：come, go, be, lie, run, rush 等。

此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时，不用进行时。

【全倒2】在There be (exist、happen、live、appear、lie、occur、seem、come、remain、

stand等)句型中。

【全倒3】表示地点的介词词组在句首时,句子用全部倒装。

【全倒4】表语＋系动词＋主语；表语可以是形容词或分词。

部分倒装：即将be / 助动词/ 情态动词提到主语的前面

Is / am / are / was / were

do / does / did

can / could / would / may / will / might 等

1.含有否定意义的副词或短语放在句首时。如：few, little, never, not, seldom, nowhere, rarely, hardly, in no way ,in no case, at no time, by no means等。

Little does he know about the news.

他对这消息知之甚少。

By no means can he catch up in such a short time.

他根本不可能在这么短的时间里赶上来。

2. not only…but also连接两个并列主语时不可倒装。只有在连接两个句子且将not only所连接的句子提到句首时，才可用倒装，but also后面的句子不倒装。

他不仅这样说了，而且也这样做了。

Not only did he say so, but (also) he did so.

不仅孩子而且成年人也对Harry Potter这部电影感兴趣。

Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter.

(注意：当连接主语时不倒装)

3. not until提前时，必须将not until后面的状语从句提前，而不仅仅是not until这两个词；而且倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。

The villagers did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.

直到河里所有的鱼都死了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。

→Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.

4.在“hardly/scarcely…when－从句”和“no sooner…than－从句”结构中，主句用过去完成时，而从句用一般过去时。

I had hardly got to the airport when the plane took off.

我刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。

→Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off.

(注意谓语动词的形式)

5.so/neither/nor 为标志词放在句首；

①表示前面所说的肯定情况，也适合于另一人或物。so＋be (助动词或情态动词) ＋主语。

— I've got an enormous amount of work to do.

— So have I.

—我有大量的工作要做。

—我也是。

②表示前面所说的否定情况也适合于另一人或物。neither (nor) ＋be (助动词或情态动词) ＋主语。

If she doesn't agree to the plan, neither will Tom.

如果她不同意这个计划，汤姆也不同意。

6. only＋状语(或状语从句)＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语＋谓语其他部分状语可以是副词或介词短语和状语从句。

7.在“so…that”和“such…that”结构中，将“so＋adj.”和“such＋n.”提到句首时,前半句用部分倒装，后半句正常。

So terrible was the storm that the whole roofs were blown off.

暴风雨是如此可怕，整个屋顶都被吹走了。

Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.

杰克是一个聪明的男孩，他能解答所有这些难题。

8.在以often, always, once, many a time（多次;常常）, now and then, 等作状语的频度副词位于句首时。

9.as/though 引导让步状语从句，往往用倒装语序。

通常是表语、状语或动词原形提前，但主谓语序不变。

(1) 表语(形容词/名词)＋as/though ＋主语＋系动词，主句。

【注意】名词前不加任何冠词。

Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study.

尽管父亲年纪大了，他依然坚持学习英语。

(2)副词＋as/though＋主语＋谓语动词，主句。

Much as I have traveled, I've never seen a man as capable as Tom.