第13周练习英语

Reading comprehensionPassage 1Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3000 U.S. adolescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime, it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweighs all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 percent, smoking rates among youth have declined. While the decline is impressive, several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second, in the late 1970s, smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent. The statistic is reversing. Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, though significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade, no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effective measures to reduce smoking levels among youth.1. According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.A. traffic accidentsB. smoking-related diseaseC. murderD. all of these2. Every day there are over ____ high school students who will become regular smoker.A. 75B. 23C. 30D. 30003. By "dropout" the author means______.A. students who failed the examinationB. students who left schoolC. students who lost their wayD. students who were driven out of school4. The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.A. NCI has taken effective measuresB. smoking is prevented among high school seniorsC. there are many smokers who have died of cancerD. none of these5. What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.A. smoking rates among youth have declined very littleB. there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsC. high smoking rates are due to the increase in wealthD. smoking at high school is from low socio-economic backgroundsPassage 2If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet. By the middle of the 21st century, if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars, for example. Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race, the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for us to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in oursolar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however, has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are completely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmosphere of V enus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus. As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the algae will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done their work, the atmosphere will become cooler, but before man can set foot on Venus it will be necessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1. In the long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.A. foodB. oilC. spaceD. resources2. Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____A. it might be possible to change its atmosphereB. its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sC. there is a good supply of water on VenusD. the days on Venus are long enough3. On Venus there is a lot of ________.A. waterB. carbon dioxideC. carbon monoxideD. oxygen4. Algae are plants that can____.A. live in very hot temperaturesB. live in very cold temperaturesC. manufacture oxygenD. all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.A. the algae have done their workB. the atmosphere becomes coolerC. there is oxygenD. it rains thereStructure(虚拟语气)1. The women’s magazines, deploring the statistics, urged that courses on marriage, and marriage counselors, _____ in high schools.A. installedB. be installedC. have been installedD. installing2. I intend to move that our committee ____ Tom as chairman, and I hope thatyou will second my motion.A. will appointB. appointC. appointsD. has appointed3. The dean approved of the requirement that every student_____ on socialinvestigation after summer vacation.A. reportsB. reportC. reportedD. reporting4. I second Mr. Wand’s motion that a special committee _____ to examine the problem.A. be establishedB. establishedC. was to establishD. was established5. It was a lovely day yesterday. I _____ I had been at the seaside then.A. thinkB. wishC. hopeD. expect6. Without the storm, we ___ much earlier.A. should arriveB. should have arrivedC. would arriveD. might arrive7. Frankly, I’d rather you ____ anything about it for the time being as it has not yet been decided.A. didB. didn’t doC. didn’tD. don’t8. She would rather that you ___ last night.A. not arriveB. do not arriveC. had not arrivedD. did not arrive9. In the United States a law requires that a warning label _____ on cigarette packages.A. ought to be printedB. needs to be printedC. must be printedD. should be printed10. At the last conference, the motion that the chairman of the International Olympic Games ________was defeated.A. would be dismissedB. be dismissedC. were dismissedD. was dismissedClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passages. For each blank there are four choices A, B, C and D. You should choose the answer that best fits into the passage.Who won the World Cup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play? 1 an event takes place; newspapers are on the streets 2 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to 3 the news.Newspapers have one basic 4 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to 5 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 6 inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication. 7 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the 8 and thus the efficiency of their own operations. Today more newspapers are 9 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers 10 of the latest news, today's newspapers 11 and influence readers about politics and other important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers' economic choices 12 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very 13 .Newspapers are sold at a price that 14 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main 15 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The 16 in selling advertising depends on a newspaper's value to advertisers. This 17 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends 18 on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment 19 in a newspaper's pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper's value to readers as a source of information 20 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.1. A. Just when B. While C. Soon after D. Before2. A. to give B. giving C. given D. being given3. A. gather B. spread C. carry D. bring4. A. reason B. cause C. problem D. purpose5. A. make B. publish C. know D. write6. A. another B. other C. one another D. the other7. A. However B. And C. Therefore D. So8. A. value B. ratio C. rate D. speed9. A. spread B. passed C. printed D. completedrm B. be informed C. to be informed D. informed11.A.entertain B. encourage C. educate D. edit12.A.on B. through C. with D. of13.A.forms B. existence C. contents D. purpose14.A.tries to cover B. manages to cover C. fails to cover D. succeeds in15.A.source B. origin C. course D. finance16.A.way B. means C. chance D. success17.A.measures B. measured C. is measured D. was measured18.A.somewhat B. little C. much D. something19.A.offering B. offered C. which offered D. to be offered20.A.by B. with C. at D. about。