高中英语 破题致胜微方法(虚拟语气)虚拟语气之含蓄条件句
高中英语破题致胜微方法(虚拟语气)真真假假之跳层虚拟语气
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真真假假之跳层虚拟语气在虚拟语气中,有一类比拟特殊虚拟语气。
这类虚拟语气一般分为两局部,一局部为虚拟语气,与事实相反;另一局部为陈述语气,用以陈述一个事实。
正是因为这种虚拟与不虚拟兼而有之,一局部虚拟,一局部又跳出虚拟圈子,故被称之为“跳层虚拟语气〞1. 陈述句+ or/ otherwise + 虚拟主句I forget where I read the article, or I would show it to you now.(由“now〞可知与现在事实相反)We didn’t kno w his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him. (由“didn’t know〞可知与过去事实相反)2. 虚拟主句+ but +陈述句He would have given you more help, but he was too busy at that time.〔与过去事实相反〕他本可以给你跟多帮助,但那时他太忙了。
1.He was very busy otherwise he_________the meeting.A. attendedB.would attendC.had attendedD.would have attended2. I ____________to visit him in the hospital, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.A. would goB. wentC. would have goneD. had gone三.总结:跳层虚拟语气两种构造:1. 陈述句+ or/ otherwise + 虚拟主句2. 虚拟主句+ but +陈述句跳层虚拟语气解题方法:1. 根据语境判断句子是否为虚拟语气。
2. 根据句子中时间状语或情景判断出虚拟时间。
高中英语之虚拟语气详细讲解
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虚拟语气(1)——倒推时态类定义:虚拟语气是一种动词形式,有两种意思 1.表示说话人所说的不是事实,而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(非真实条件状从和让步状从)2.表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议(名词性从句:主宾表同)使用情景 1.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿(与事实相反或不太可能实现)(如果我是宇航员,我要在月球上跳舞)2.用来缓和语气,使句子更委婉、礼貌、得体(如果你能接受我的邀请,我将不胜感激)3.表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪(你要是能考上大学,全家都烧高香了)4.表示适度的责备或批评(如果你那时更耐心点,现在我们都成功了)5.表示美好的祝愿或祝福(祝你成功)1.虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件句混合虚拟语气(错综时间条件句)定义:条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致例子:If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果那时你听了我的建议,现在已经好了If it hadn’t been for you, I would have to make another trip there tomorrow.如果不是你的话,我明天还要再走一趟。
If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.如果你以前努力学习的话,你现在就是大学生了。
省略+倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were,should,had时,if可以省略,并将were,should,had提前于句首,变为倒装句。
如果虚拟条件句是否定句,not 保留在原处If he should agree to go there, we should send him there.= Should he agree to go there,we should send him there.If she were there,she would agree with us.= Were she were, she would agree with us.If he had learnt about computers,we would have hired him.= Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him.含蓄虚拟条件句定义:有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句,而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句分类:1) but for....=(If it+be not for) ;without;Without your help ,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= If it hadn’t been for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.没有你的帮助,我们不可能完成任务。
高中英语破题致胜微方法(虚拟语气)混合时间虚拟条件句
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混合时间虚拟条件句一般情况下,在虚拟条件句中,if引导从句中,谓语动词表示动作与主句谓语动词表示动作发生时间是一致,即同为将来,现在或过去,此时主从句虚拟时间是一样。
有时候,条件从句表示动作和主句表示动作,发生时间是不一致,这时,从句和主句各自谓语动词形式要根据它们各自动作发生时间作调整,构成混合虚拟条件句。
1. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.〔从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。
〕2. If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.〔从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。
〕3. If I were you, I would have chosen to take the job.〔从句与现在事实相反,主句与过去事实相反。
〕找出主从句中时间状语,然后根据各自时间找出所对应谓语形式。
如果没有时间状语,根据语境或上下文推断出动作发生时间。
三. 例题1. If you______________ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so slee py.A. haven’t watchedB. didn’t watchC. hadn’t watchedD. wouldn’t have watched2. If Paul had received six more votes in the last election, he ________our chairman now.A. isB. wasC.would beD. would have been四. 总结混时虚拟语气解题方法:1. 根据语境判断句子是否为虚拟语气。
2. 根据句子主从句中时间状语或情景判断出主从句动作发生时间。
虚拟语气
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高考英语语法专题讲解-虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说的话不是事实或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望,建议或者与事实相反的假设等,一般用于正是的书面语中。
一、if虚拟条件句:(以下句型do代表动词原形,did代表动词过去式,done 代表动词的过去分词)1. 与现在事实相反,句型为:If +主语+did,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+do.If I were you, I would study hard. (可倒装)If it rained, I would not be here now.2. 与过去事实相反,句型为:If +主语+had+done,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+have+done. If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved. (可倒装)3. 将来事实相反,句型为:If +主语+were to \ should\ 动词的过去式+do,主语+should(could ,would, 或might)+do.If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.(可倒装)If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.(可倒装)If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.(混合虚拟)注意:1、If条件句中绝对不可出现“would”。
2、根据句中的时间状语,有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况,即主句可能是现在的情况,条件句也许是发生在过去的情况,但都是遵守上述句型。
If you had worked hard, you would be studying in college now.If her husband had not been killed in the war, she would not be helping others with the housework now.4. 虚拟倒装:在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装,例如:Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.二、含蓄条件句without, but for, otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含虚拟(语气较为含蓄).1. 与现在事实相反:Without your help (=if we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded.But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t have done the work so well.I am busy now; otherwise I would do you the favor!2. 与过去事实相反:But that she was afraid, she would have said no.I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working.三、wish后的宾语从句:1. 与现在愿望不一致: 主语+did;I wish I were you.2. 与过去愿望不一致: 主语+had+done;I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.3. 与未来愿望不一致: 主语+would(could\might)+do。
高考英语考前冲刺Ⅱ专题04 如何突破虚拟语气
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高考英语考前冲刺Ⅱ专题04 如何突破虚拟语气语气 (mood)是一种动词形式,用以表示说话者的意图或态度。
英语中的语气有三种:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。
直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。
祈使语气 (imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。
虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实,或者是不可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。
一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类:条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。
真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。
如:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨,我就去野餐。
Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里,油就浮起来。
虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。
条件从句 主句 与现在事实相反 If 主语 +动词过去式(be 的过去式用were )should (would, might , could )+动词原形与过去事实相反 If 主语 +had+过去分词should ( would, might ,could )+ have +过去分词与将来事实可能相反If 主语 +动词过去式(be 的过去式用were ); should +动词原形;were to +动词原形 should (would, might , could )+动词原形1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be 的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should (would, might , could )+动词原形。
怎样理解虚拟语气中的“含蓄条件句”
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虚拟语气高考重要知识点汇总
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虚拟语气高考重要知识点汇总一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中注意:1、当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称作“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.经典考题:1、It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained , we ____ there bytomorrow.A. can’t getB. won’t getC. hadn’t gotD. wouldn’t get2、If only he _____ quietly as the doctor instrusted, he would not suffer so much now.A. liesB. layC. had lainD. should lie3、If you had worked hard, you ______ so anxious now.(2010宣武一模)A.are not B.would not have been C.will not be D.would not be4、We went for an outing yesterday. If the weather hadn’t been good, we ____ out.(2010昌平二模)A. wouldn’t goB. would goC. wouldn’t have goneD. would have gone5、If you the right map , we wouldn’t have got lost.(2010宣武二模)A.have bought B.bought C.had bought D.would buy2、if 省略句If 引导的虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有had, should, were 时,可将if省略,而将had, should, were 置于句首,采用倒装结构。
含蓄条件句的虚拟语气用法
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含蓄条件句的虚拟语气用法
含蓄条件句是指如果从句中的条件未明确提出,而是通过语境或上下文暗示出来的条
件句。
在含蓄条件句中,虚拟语气的使用方式与明确条件句相似,但有一些需要注意的细节。
一般过去时虚拟语气
在含蓄条件句中,如果从句中的条件是与现在或未来相反的虚拟情况,那么主句中的
谓语动词需要用一般过去时态的虚拟语气。
例如:
- If I were you, I would go to the doctor tomorrow.
- 如果我是你,我明天会去看医生。
在这个例子中,从句中的条件是“如果我是你”,但由于句子关注的是谈话时的情况,因此使用了虚拟语气中的一般过去时态。
- If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.
- 如果你学得再努力一些,就能通过考试了。
虚拟语气的缩略形式
在含蓄条件句中,可以使用虚拟语气的缩略形式来表达虚拟情况。
例如:
在这个例子中,主句中的谓语动词用了虚拟语气的缩略形式,即 had + 动词的过去分词,表示与过去相反的虚拟情况。
需要注意的是,在使用虚拟语气时,应注意条件从句与主句的时态一致性,并根据虚
拟情况选择适当的虚拟语气形式。
同时,也需要根据实际情况判断是否应该使用虚拟语气
来表达含蓄条件句中的条件。
高中英语新人教版精品教案《虚拟语气-含蓄条件句》
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Do ou remember thi entence这个句子我们在权利游戏学虚拟语气那局部已经讲过了。同学们是否还有印象?在这个句子当中没有看到if。我们知道以if引导的虚拟条件句,也就是if引导的条件状语从句。它表示的是对过去,现在,将来的一种假设,或者它的这种假设实现的可能性不大,或者与事实相反。这个句子当中并没有出现if,但是to watch ou a waow it在这里就相当于if I watched ou a waow it,如果我能看到你们所有人吞掉它的话。这里的watched we ao ue if I were to watch ou a waow it。或者if I houd watch ou a waow it。同学们想起来了没有以if引导的虚拟条件句,如果表示对将来情况的假设,我们是可以用3种形式来表示的。因此在这个if从句后,我们既可以用watched,又可以用houd to watch
展示第4张幻灯片
Te, he woud not have got uch a reut如果你当时没有帮他,他不会得到那样的一个结果。表示的是过去。
② eg:But for our heta , ou’d thin he wata,暗含了一个if条件。If ou coud hear him ta, ou’d thin he waied
知识讲解
〔难点突破〕
Se
ight have done
与现在事实相反
动词过去式〔be动词用were〕
houd/woud/coud/might do
与将来事实相反
动词过去式
houd do
were to do
houd/woud/coud/might do
含蓄条件虚拟语气
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虚拟语气一、概念[Subjunctive Mood]中文译作"虚拟语气"。
它是一种动词形式,表示说话人的某种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测、建议等含义,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反,因此虚拟语气常用在含有非真实条件从句的主从复合句中。
二、在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。
非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。
三、虚拟语气的使用范围及判断(一)、虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。
该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。
也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。
(二)、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。
通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。
判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。
通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。
②与现在事实相反。
③与将来事实可能相反。
四、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。
即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。
也就是:①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。
即,条件从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”,主句中的谓语动词用“would (should, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。
例如:If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination. 如果你接受我的建议,在这次考试中你就不会失败。
If you have worked hard, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam.如果你早用功,你就不至于考试不及格了。
虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法(...
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虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法(The common usage of implicit conditional sentences in subjunctive mood)先看一道高考题:____更多关注,树会长的更好。
A. B. C. D.给给给给(答案是一)句中”…树会长的更好”是一个表达虚拟语气的句子。
题中要求选择的是如何表达假设条件的形式。
如果我们把这个句子用另一种形式”给予更多的关注,这些树会长得更好。
”来表示,就不难理解了。
很多情况下,在表示假设的虚拟语气中,有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式表达,而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系,或用其它形式表达出来,我们称之为”含蓄条件句”这些表达形式在句中实际起着虚。
含蓄条件句主要通过名词、连接词、不定式、分词、动名词短语、介词短语及分句来暗示。
拟条件从句的作用。
现分述如下:一、介词短语常用来表示虚拟条件的介词有,不,,下,但等等,它们表示的虚拟条件都可以被如果从句替换。
(1)没有,没有表示否定的条件,意为如果…不是;与与没有意义相反,表示肯定的条件。
如:没有空气,就没有生物。
(没有空气=如果没有空气)没有空气,便没有生物。
在她的帮助下(=如果我有她的帮助),我会做好这个实验。
假如有她帮助,我就可以把这个实验做好。
(2)下一个缺乏经验的人的领导下,这个实验就失败了。
(在…=如果有一个缺少经验的人领导)假设在一个缺少经验的人领导下进行实验,实验准会失败。
(3)我会在那个位置,失去了我的头。
(在那个位置=如果我已经在那个位置)我处在那种情况下,是会丧失理智的。
(4)但但他们的帮助(=如果不是他们的帮助),我们不能克服的困难。
要不是他们的帮助,我们是克服不了这些困难的。
二、连接词或,否则,但是,但是,等等我真的很忙,否则(=如果我不是那么忙),我一定会和你一起去。
我确实太忙了不然的话,我一定和你一块去。
但是,我看到它(=如果我没有看到),我是不会相信的。
虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句_贾遂芝
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虚拟语气与情态动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示,下面对虚拟语气在各种句式中的用法分别介绍。
虚拟语气用于条件状语从句。
表示与现在事实相反的假设时,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be的过去式用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词用“would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
”例如:If I were you, I should studay English.If he had time, he would attend the meeting.表示与过去的事实相反的假设时,条件状语从句的谓语动词用“had +过去分词”,主句中的谓语动词用“would(should, could, might)+have +过去分词”。
例如:If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t have failed in the examination.表示与将来事实相反的假设时,条件从句和主句所用的谓语动词怀“表示与现在事实相反的假设”的谓语动词相同,或者条件从句中用“were to(should)+动词原形”。
例如:If you come tomorrow, we would have the meeting.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
例如:If you had worked hard, you would be very tired.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在.)5.以上句型可以转换成下列形式:1)省略if,用“were, have, should +主语”. 例如:Were I in school again, I would work harder.Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him.Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come.但在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式,如我们可以说:Were it not for the expense, I would go to Italy.但不能说Weren’t it for the expense, I would go to Italy.2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句.例如:Without air, there would be on living things.But for your help, I couldn’t have done it.3)用其了方式表示.例如:It would produce had results to do that.= If you have done that, it would produce bad results.(二)虚拟语气用于宾语从句“wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”. “……就好了”, “悔不该……”, “但愿……”等.表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望用“would(could) +动词原形”;表示过去不能实现的愿望时用“had +过去分词”或“(could)would +have +过去分词”.例如:I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish you could go with us.We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.虚拟语气在动词arrange, command, demand, desire, insist, order, propose, request, require, suggest,等后面的宾主从句中用“(should)+动词原形”.例如:We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.We insisted that they (should) go with us.The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days.He demanded that we (should) start right away.注意:insist作“力言”, “强调”解时,宾语从句不用虚拟语气,只有当insist作“坚持(认为)”, “坚持(应该)”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气.例如:Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.(三)虚拟语气用于表语从句、同位语从句作advice, idea, order, demand, plan, proposal, suggestion, request等名词的表语从句和同位语从句,其谓语动词要用虚拟语气的结构“(should)+动词原形”.例如:We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing forsightseeing.My idea is that we (should) exercises first.(四)虚拟语气在as if(as though),even if( even though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中的应用.如果从句表示的动作发生在过去,用过去完成时,指现在状况,则用过去时,指将来则用过去将来时.例如:He looked as if he were an artist.He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England.Even if he were here,he could not solve the problem.(五)虚拟语气用于主语从句.在主语从句中,谓语动词的虚拟语气结构用“should 十动词原形”的结构,表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等.例如:It is necessary( important,natural,strange,etc) that …we should cleanthe room every day.It was a pity ( a shame,no wonder,etc) that you should be so careless.It will be desired( suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc)that she should finish her homework this afternoon.在上述三种主语从句中,should意为“应该”,“竟然”,可以省去,但不可换用would.主句所用动词的时态不限.注意:这种从句表示的是事实.如果说话人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感,就可用虚拟语气.反之,如果不表示惊奇等情感.That从句也可用陈述语气,例如:It is a strange that he did not come yesterday.It is a pity that you can’t swim.(六)虚拟语气用于定语从句这种从句常用在It is( high) time( that)…句型中,定语从句的谓语动词用过去式,或should十动词原形( should不能省略,be用were)来表示,意为“(现在)该……”。
虚拟语气句型 6 (含蓄虚拟条件句)
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have said yes.
要是在别的情况下,我就会同意了。
Without
steel, there would
be no industry.
没有钢就没有工业。matics, science
虚拟语气句型 6
(含蓄虚拟条件句)
We
could have done better under more favorable
conditions.
假设我们有更有利的条件,我们还会做得更好。
But for his
help,I should not have succeeded.
not have got the job.
要不是他受过良好的教育,他就不会得到这份工作。
With your
aid I would
have succeeded in performing my task.
当初若有你的帮助,我就会完成任务的。
In
那样讲就错了。
Only a fool would
talk that way!
只有傻子才那么讲!
Otherwise I would not
have called you.
否则我就不会给你打电话了。
I would have come to the
要是没有他的帮助,我就不会取得成功。
Without your
help,
we would not be able to finish
the work in time.
要是没有你的帮助,我就不可能及时地完成工作。
高中虚拟语气讲解
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高中虚拟语气讲解虚拟语气虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反,或不可能发生的情况。
一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生:条件状语从句:一般过去时(虚拟语气中be→were)主句用:would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If we had time now, we would read it again.If I were you, I would work hard.2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生:条件状语从句:had+过去分词;主句:would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。
If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test.If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you.3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生:条件状语从句:①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形;主句:would(should, could, might)+动词原形。
If it should rain, the crops would be saved.If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况(1)混合/错综型虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,称为‘错综条件句’,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去,主句是现在)If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在,主句是过去)(2)省略if的虚拟语气如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时,则可以把这三个词置于句首,省略if.采用倒装语序。
虚拟语气中含蓄条件句的使用
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虚拟语气中含蓄条件句的使用
从上文可知,在表达条件句的时候要使用虚拟语气,也就是指语气由主语+谓语动词+受事动词+被动词构成,在被动短语的后面可以跟虚拟语气成分“+lt”。
例如:“我没有任何理由这么做。
”(你不是一个人!)“没有理由我这么做。
”(你怎么能这么做呢)当我们使用虚拟语气的时候要注意到含蓄条件句的存在。
因为在传统话语环境中,我们一般会通过语气词来表达这种含义。
但由于我们在日常生活中接触到的很多时候都是疑问式、祈使式等结构,因此我们很容易忽略掉含蓄条件句,而这类结构在使用虚拟语气时很容易出现错误,因此我们需要在这里特别提醒大家要注意到其存在。
1.本文只讨论了虚拟语气中以It为主语的含蓄条件句的使用方式和表达方式。
2.本部分内容包括三个方面:一是理论背景部分,主要是对虚拟语气以及条件。
高中英语破题致胜微方法(虚拟语气)虚拟语气之含蓄条件句
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虚拟语气之含蓄条件句“含蓄条件句”是指用介词短语的形式,起到代替条件句的作用。
主句中的谓语动词仍可象虚拟条件句那样采用各种虚拟式。
常使用的介词短语由but for, without构成。
一. 典型例句1. Without air, human being would not be able to survive.= If there were no air, human being would not be able to survive.如果没有空气,人类将无法生存。
(与现在事实相反)2. The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the caprain. =If it had not been the efforts of the caprain, the ship would have sunk with all on board.要不是船长的努力,我们就会连船带人都沉没了。
(与过去事实相反)注意:without, but for暗示了条件,所以相当于虚拟条件句中的从句,它们所在的句子主干相当于虚拟条件句中的主句,所以谓语动词的形式应该和虚拟条件句中的主句谓语动词形式相同。
二. 例题1. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night _________, too cold for us to live.A. would be freezing coldB. will be freezing coldC. can be freezing coldD. is freezing cold2. But for the English examination, I ________________last Sunday.A.went to the concertB. would have gone to the concertC.would go to the concertD. had gone to the concert三. 总结含蓄条件句解题策略:1. but for,without= if...,后接虚拟语气2. but for,without所在句子的主干相当于虚拟条件句中的主句。
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的使用技巧
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高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的使用技巧虚拟语气是英语语法中一个重要的概念,它用来表示与事实相反或假设的情况。
在高中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的使用技巧是非常重要的。
本文将归纳总结高中英语虚拟语气的使用技巧,帮助学生更好地理解并运用虚拟语气。
一、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句常用 "if" 条件从句引导,用来表示与现在事实相反的假设情况。
a. 表示建议、要求等情况:If I were you, I would apologize to her.(如果我是你,我会向她道歉。
)b. 表示对现在事实的怀疑或反驳:If he were telling the truth, there would be evidence.(如果他说的是真的,就会有证据。
)2. 虚拟愿望句虚拟愿望句用来表达对现在事实的无法实现的愿望。
I wish I were taller.(我希望我长得更高。
)二、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句常用 "if" 条件从句引导,用来表示与过去事实相反的假设情况。
a. 表示与过去事实相反的假设:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我学得更努力一些,我就能通过这次考试了。
)2. 虚拟愿望句虚拟愿望句用来表达对过去事实的无法实现的愿望。
I wish I had known about the party.(我希望我早知道这个派对。
)三、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句常用 "if" 条件从句引导,用来表示与将来事实相反的假设情况。
If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们会呆在家里。
)2. 虚拟愿望句虚拟愿望句用来表达对将来事实的无法实现的愿望。
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虚拟语气之含蓄条件句
“含蓄条件句”是指用介词短语的形式,起到代替条件句的作用。
主句中的谓语动词仍可象虚拟条件句那样采用各种虚拟式。
常使用的介词短语由but for, without构成。
一. 典型例句
1. Without air, human being would not be able to survive.
= If there were no air, human being would not be able to survive.
如果没有空气,人类将无法生存。
(与现在事实相反)
2. The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the caprain. =If it had not been the efforts of the caprain, the ship would have sunk with all on board.
要不是船长的努力,我们就会连船带人都沉没了。
(与过去事实相反)
注意:
without, but for暗示了条件,所以相当于虚拟条件句中的从句,它们所在的句子主干相当于虚拟条件句中的主句,所以谓语动词的形式应该和虚拟条件句中的主句谓语动词形式相同。
二. 例题
1. Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth at night _________, too cold for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold
B. will be freezing cold
C. can be freezing cold
D. is freezing cold
2. But for the English examination, I ________________last Sunday.
A.went to the concert
B. would have gone to the concert
C.would go to the concert
D. had gone to the concert
三. 总结
含蓄条件句解题策略:
1. but for,without= if...,后接虚拟语气
2. but for,without所在句子的主干相当于虚拟条件句中的主句。
3. 判断出时间,找出对应谓语动词形式
虚拟的时间介词短语主句的谓语形式
表示与现在事实相反
without/but for
would(could/might/should)+do 表示与过去事实相反
would(could/might/should)+have
done
表示与将来事实相反would(could/might/should)+do
四. 高考真题
1. 【2015重庆卷】Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ________ his famous novel
A Farewell to Arms.
A. didn't write
B. hadn't written
C. wouldn't write
D. wouldn't have written
2. Without computers, the world_______what it is today.
A.would be
B.would not be
C.won’t be
D.hadn’t be。