机械设计及其自动化专业学术英语课后练习答案
机械专业英语第三版课后答案
机械专业英语第三版课后答案1、There is _______ meat in the fridge.Lets go and buy some. [单选题] *A. little(正确答案)B. a littleC. fewD. a few2、85．You’d better? ? ? ? ? a taxi, or you’ll be late. [单选题] * A．take(正确答案)B．takingC．tookD．to take3、The rain is very heavy _______ we have to stay at home. [单选题] *A. butB. becauseC. so(正确答案)D. and4、--Why are you late for school today?--I’m sorry. I didn’t catch the early bus and I had to _______ the next one. [单选题] *A. wait for(正确答案)B. ask forC. care forD. stand for5、Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _______. [单选题] *A. takes offB. is taking off(正确答案)C. has taken offD. took off6、Look! There are some boats ______ the river.（）[单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. overC. betweenD. in7、She passed me in the street, but took no（）of me. [单选题] *Attention (正确答案)B. watchC. careD. notice8、The story has _______ a lot of students in our class. [单选题] *A. attracted(正确答案)B. attackedC. appearedD. argued9、This is the news _______ you want to know. [单选题] *A. that(正确答案)B. whatC. whenD. who10、—Is this ______ football, boy? —No, it is not ______.（）[单选题] *A. yours; myB. your; mine(正确答案)C. your; meD. yours; mine11、If you don’t feel well, you’d better ask a ______ for help. [单选题] *A. policemanB. driverC. pilotD. doctor(正确答案)12、We had ____ wonderful lunch last Saturday. [单选题] *A. /B. theC. oneD. a(正确答案)13、67．—What can I do for you?—I'm looking at that dress.It looks nice.May I ________？[单选题] *A．hold it onB．try it on(正确答案)C．take it offD．get it off14、During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat _______ as a traditional Chinese food. [单选题] *A. pizzaB. dumplings(正确答案)C. hamburgersD. noodles15、26．There’s some fruit in the kitchen. We ________ buy any. [单选题] *A．need toB．needn’t toC．don’t needD．don’t need to(正确答案)16、We have _______ a double room with a bath for you in the hotel. [单选题] *A. boughtB. reserved(正确答案)C. madeD. taken17、—______ Tom play the piano?—Yes, very well. （）[单选题] *A. Can(正确答案)B. MayC. MustD. Should18、My dog is very _______. It is safe to touch it if you want to. [单选题] *A. luckyB. deliciousC. friendly(正确答案)D. helpful19、When Max rushed to the classroom, his classmates _____ exercises attentively. [单选题] *A. didB. have doneC. were doing(正确答案)D. do20、What time _______ he get home every day? [单选题] *A. isB. does(正确答案)C. doD. am21、—What can I do to help at the old people’s home?—You ______ read stories to the old people. （）[单选题] *A. could(正确答案)B. mustC. shouldD. would22、( )He gave us____ on how to keep fit. [单选题] *A. some advicesB. some advice(正确答案)C. an adviceD. a advice23、Our campus is _____ big that we need a bike to make it. [单选题] *A. veryB. so(正确答案)C. suchD. much24、—Tony, it’s cold outside. ______ wear a jacket?—OK, mom.（）[单选题] *A. Why not(正确答案)B. Why don’tC. Why did youD. Why do you25、What did you _______ at the meeting yesterday? [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. say(正确答案)D. talk26、—What’s wrong with you, Mike?—I’m really tired because I studied for today’s test ______ midnight last night. （）[单选题] *A. althoughB. unlessC. until(正确答案)D. so that27、--_______ does Ben go to school?--By bus. [单选题] *A. How(正确答案)B. WhatC. WhereD. Why28、37．—What will you be ___________?—I'm not sure. Maybe I'll be a doctor like my father. [单选题] *A．right nowB．in the future(正确答案)C．at onceD．at the moment29、The family will have _______ good time in Shanghai Disneyland. [单选题] *A. theB. a(正确答案)C. anD. /30、32．There are about __________ women doctors in this hospital. [单选题] *A．two hundred ofB．two hundreds ofC．two hundredsD．two hundred (正确答案)。
机电一体化专业英语答案和译文6.29
第1部分材料和热处理第1单元金属附1: Exercise参考答案Exercise I1.F2. T3. T4. T5.FExercise II1. ferrous metals2.铜基合金3. nonferrous alloys4.自硬钢（风钢）5. plain carbon steels6.零点几7. stainless steels8.修（理）模（具）9. high-speed steel10.布氏硬度Exercise III1. stronger2. strong3. an alloy of iron and carbon4. lighter5. betterExercise IV1. which is also known as machine steel2. Some alloying elements cause steel to resist corrosion3. The largest parts of the blast furnace4. the limitations become restrictive5. the high fatigue and toughness of the low-carbon material being in good compromise with the strength and hardness that comes with higher carbon content附2:课文参考译文众所周知黑色金属是铁和碳的合金，这类合金还可能含有一些其它元素，如Si、P等等，但黑色金属所存在的各种元素中，要数碳最为重要。
在工业上应用的黑色金属有两大类：铸铁和钢。
这两类黑色金属通常由生铁炼得，但它们的含碳量不一样。
钢是含碳量为0.0218％至2.11％的铁碳合金；而铸铁是含碳量超过2.11％的铁碳合金。
工业上不用纯铁，因为它太软。
钢是一种包含铁和碳且添加了其他元素来得到更优性能的合金。
机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语课后题
Aliuminum 铝copper 铜nicke 镍titanium 钛structural strength 结构强度deep drawing 拉伸加工hardenability 硬化性machinability 可加工性cold drawn冷拔steel sheet钢板percent reduction in area 断面收缩率endurance limit 疲劳极限rolled-steel shapes 轧制钢板corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性rupture 断裂non-ferrous 非钢的stress-strain curve 应力应变曲线yield point 屈服点percentage elongation 伸长率necking 颈缩sensitivity 灵敏性Kinematic elements运动员素External appearance外观Sound judgment准确判断Fatigue strenghth结构强度Enviroment damage环境损害Ductile or brittle韧性或脆性Blow out吹息Interference fit joint干涉配合关节定义 defintion力 f orce轴axle非金属nometal结构structure载荷load用途use性质properties低碳钢low-carbon高强度钢hinger-strengt steel热处理heat treatment屈服强度yield strength弹性模量elastic modulus伸长率percentage elongation韧性toughness内应力internal stresses应变硬化strain hardening横截面cross-sectional area断面收缩率reduction in area比例极限limit of proportionality屈服极限yield limit延性ductiliy机械性质mechanical propertiece 用..除..divide byT he distinction between a mental and nonmetal is not away clear cutEngineers would not be particularly interest in such a metal if absolute pure metal were to be producedOf the 50 or so metallic elements,only a few produce and used in large quantities in engineer practices.In the elastic range,the deformation of the specimen disappeared after the load was removed.Logically speaking,once the elastic limit is exceeded,the metal should start to yield,and finally break,without any increase in the value of stressThe purpose of design calculations is to predict the stress or deformation in the part in order that it may safely carry the load which will be imposed on it and that it my last for the expected life of machineDynamic loads are generally more dangerous than strain loads and fatigue strength must be consideredWhen loaded the material deforms and the amount of deformation depends on the size of the load。
机械专业英语试题及答案精编WORD版
机械专业英语试题及答案精编W O R D版IBM system office room 【A0816H-A0912AAAHH-GX8Q8-GNTHHJ8】学院院长（系主任）（签字）C. degradation…corrosionD. corrosion… degradation12. Most frames _______ cast iron, weld steel, composition, or concrete.A. are made fromB. are made up ofC. was produced byD. was consist of13. Rotating shafts particularly those that run at high speeds, must be designed toavoid operationat speeds.A . lowB .overload C. critical D. hollow14. Although cast iron is a fairly cheap material, each casting requires a .A. patternB. modelC. moldD. patent15. The term is used to describe joints with surface contact, as with a pin surrounded by a hole.A. high pairB. low pairC. surface pairD. rotary pair二、完型填空（在每个小题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，本大题共15小题，每小题1分，总计15分）The term shaft usually refers to a relatively long member of round cross section that rotates and transmits power. One or more members such as gears,sprockets, pulleys, and cams are usually (16) to the shaft by means of pins, keys, splines, snap rings, and other devices. These latter members are among the “associated parts” considered in this text, as are couplings and universaljoint, which serve to (17) the shaft to the source of power or load.考生注意：考试时间 120 分钟试卷总分 100 分共 5 页第 1 页Sometimes members like gears and cams are made (28) with shaft,but more often such members (which also include pulleys,sprockets, etc)are made separately and then(29) shaft. Theportion of the mounted member in contact with the shaft is thehub. Attachment of the hub to the shaft is made in variety ofways. A gear can be gripped (30) between a shoulder on the shaftand a spacer, with torque being transmitted through a key. Thegrooves in the shaft and hub into which the key fits are calledkeyways.16、 A) cement B) attached C) connected D)concrete17、 A) endure B) transmit C) serve D)connect18、 A) support B) meet C) satisfy D) strong19、 A) aims B) idler C) terminal D) tomb20、 A) due to B) weather C) whether D) for21、 A) elasticity B) torsional C) inertia D)acceleration22、 A) subjected B)…connect C) and D) From23、 A) deeply B) strength C) clearly understandD) long time24、 A) identify B) cross C) round D) 订线read as follows.Engineering design is the process of devising a system, component, or process to meet desired needs. It is decision making process(often iterative),in which the basic sciences, mathematics, and engineering sciences are applied to convert resourcesoptimally to meet a sated objectives and criteria, synthesis, analysis,construction ,testing, and evaluation. The engineering design component of a curriculum must include most of the following features : development of student creativity, use of open-ended problem statement and use of modern design theory and methodology, formulation of design problem statement and specification, consideration of alternative solutions, feasibility considerations, production process, concurrent engineering design, and detailed system descriptions. Further, it is essential to include a variety of realistic constraints such as economic factors, safety, reliability, aesthetics, ethics, andsocial impact.31、what’s the main meaning of message (1)?A) Engineering design is a systematic process B) materials engineer’s mainworkC) mechanical engineer’s has good idea D) electrical engineer’ mainduty32、In the author’s opinion, the design process is very complex and should takeninto account many factors, from the message who should NOT join into the design team _______.A) environmentalists,B) sociologistsC) engineersD) Government officials33、From the message, we can know the meaning of words “ABET”(at line third paragraph) is _____.A) a set of accredits standardB) a kind of design methodC) a department of US government which responsible for engineering designD) A set of law34、It can be concluded from the passage that in the exercise and training of student, which character of the following is NOT included in the curriculum ______.A) creativityB) new materialC) ethicsD) economic factors35、The title of the message is ______.A) the roles of engineers in manufacturingB) the importance of mechanical designC) engineering designD) The process of machine designTEXT 2Working drawings are the complete set of standardized drawings specifying the manufacture and assembly of a product based on its design. The complexity of the design determines the number and types of drawings. Working drawings may be on more than one sheet and may contain written instructions called specifications.Working drawings are blueprints used for manufacturing products. Therefore, the set of drawings must:(a) completely describe the parts, both visually and dimensionally;(b)show the parts in assembly;(3)identify all the parts; and (4)specify standard parts. The graphics and text information must be sufficiently complete and accurate to manufacture and assemble the product without error.共 5 页第 2 页(1) Detail drawings of each nonstandard parts.(2) An assembly or subassembly drawing showing all the standard and nonstandard parts in a single drawing.(3) A bill of materials (BOM).(4) A title block.A detail drawing is a dimensioned, multiview drawing of a single part, describing the part’s shape, size, material, and surface roughness, in sufficient detail for the part to be manufactured based on the drawing alone. Detail drawings are produced from design sketches or extracted from 3-D computer models. They adhere strictly to ANSI standards and the standard for the specific company, for dimensioning, assigning part numbers, notes, tolerances, etc.In an assembly, standard parts such as threaded fasteners and bearings are not drawn as details, but are shown in the assembly view. Standard parts are not drawn as details because they are normally purchased, not manufactured, for assembly.For large assemblies or assembled with large parts, details are drawn on multiple sheets, and a separate sheet is used for the assembly view. If the assembly is simple or the parts are small,detail drawings for each part of an assembly can be placed on a singlesheet.TEXT 3One principle aim of kinematics is to create (design) the desired motions of the subjects’ mechanical parts and then mathematically compute the positions, velocities, and accelerations, which those will create on the parts. Since, for most earthbound mechanical systems, the mass remains essentially constant with time, defining the accelerations as a function of time then also defines the dynamic forces as a function of time. Stresses, in turn, will be a function of both applied and inertial (ma) forces. Since engineering design is charged with creating systems which will not fail during their expected service life, the goal is to keep stresses within acceptable limits for the materials chosen and the environmental conditions encountered. This obviously requires that all system forces be defined and kept within desired limits. In machinery, the largest forces encountered are often those due to the dynamics of the machine itself. These dynamic forces are proportional to acceleration, which brings us back to kinematics, the foundation of mechanical design. Very basic and early decision in the design process involving kinematic principles can be crucial to the success of any mechanical design; a design which has poor kinematics will prove troublesome and perform badly.Any mechanical system can be classified according to the number of degree of freedom (DOF) which it processes. The system’s DOF is equal to the number of independent parameters which are needed to uniquely define its position in space at any instant of time.A rigid body free to move within a reference frame will, in the general case, has complex motion, which is a simultaneous combination of rotation and translation. In three-dimensional space, there may be rotation about any axis and also simultaneous translation which can be resolved into components along three axes. In a plane, or two-dimensional space, complex motion becomes a combination of simultaneous rotation about one axis (perpendicular to the plane) and also translation resolved into components along two axes in the plane41、Kinematics research focus on the following EXCEPT ______..A) accelerations B) forceC) positions, D) velocities42、From the passage that for the design engineer the first and most important is____A) the service life of a machine B) the materials chooseC) the degree of freedom D) kinematic principles43、An mechanical system has uniquely defined position in space at any instant of time that ___.A) It should has one DOFB) It should Has two DOFC) the DOF and the number of independent parameters should equalD) It should has any DOF as want44、 which one of the following is NOT TRUE _______?.A) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may rotation about anyaxisB) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space is a simultaneouscombination of rotation and translationC) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space can be resolved intocomponents along three axesD) A rigid body free to move in three-dimensional space may has complex motion45、The best title for this passage would be _______.A) kinematics B) dynamicsC) kinematics and dynamic D) the important of kinematics共 5 页第3 页1．将下列英语句子译成汉语（共5小题，每小题2分）（1）A perfectly rigid or inextensible link can exist only as a textbook type of model of a real machine member.（2）Foundations should ensure the machine’s stiffness; shock absorption and isolation are secondary considerations.(3)Thus, if a mechanical component such as a spring is subjected to repetitive or cyclical applications of stress levels much lower than the ultimate strength, it will fracture after a large number of repetitions of this stress.（4）Interchangeability means that identical parts must be interchangeable, i.e., able to replace each other, whether during assembly or subsequent maintenance work; without the need for any fitting operations.（5）A gear can be gripped axially between a shoulder on the shaft anda spacer, with torque being transmitted through a key.2、将下段英语翻译成汉语（10分）As we look around us w e see a world full of “things”, machines, devices, tools, things that we have designed, built, and used; things made of wood, metals, ceramics, and plastics. We know from experience that some things are better than others; they last longer, cost less, are quieter, or are ease to use. Ideally , however, every such itemhas been designed according to some set of “functional requirements”（5）当一个装置意外地失效后，通常需要进行研究工作，来找出失效的原因和确定可能的改正措施。
学术英语习题及部分答案
Training and Practice for English for Academic PurposesPart I1.Discuss the following questions.What are basic principles the researchers must try to follow when they write their research papers? And would you please list some deadly sins a researcher must avoid when they want to publish a research paper? What are the main contents of a research paper?2. Translate the following Chinese introduction into English.提高起重机生产力和安全性的设备研究近些年来，就用研究人员对起重机(crane)的研究兴趣与日俱增。
起重机种类繁多，从樱桃采摘机(cherry pickers)到巨型塔式起重机(huge tower cranes) ，是建筑工地不可或缺的重要设备之一。
由于建筑用起重机工作环境多变(constantly changing working environment), 操作者(operator)责任重大(heavy reliance)。
过去几十年里，超重机技术日新月异，但是操作员与其他工种人员配合协作方面的技术发展缓慢。
起重机的发展步伐如此迅猛，我们似乎要问，在某些方面，是不是已经超出(outstrip)了人们安全使用的能力？本文旨在探讨如何通过新型设备的引进提高起重机生产力以及提出相关安全性的举措，进而为新型起重机的应用和案例提供新的思路。
In recent years, researchers have become more interested in crane research. The variety of cranes, from cherry pickers to giant tower cranes, is one of the most important equipment on construction sites. As a result of the changing working environment of the construction crane, operator is responsible for heavy reliance. Over the past few decades, the technology of overweight machines has been changing rapidly, but the operators have been slow to cooperate with other workers in collaboration. The pace of development of cranes is so rapid that we seem to be asking whether in some respects, the outstrip has exceeded the ability of people to safely use it. This paper aims to explore how to improve crane productivity and raise related security measures through the introduction of new equipment, so as to provide new ideas for the application and case of new cranes.3. You are writing a research paper entitled “The Effects of Radiation from the Sun on Life o n Earth”. In your introduction you need to review, in general terms, how the sun supports life on the earth. Prepare an Introduction section for your paper based on the information below.⏹Distance from the earth: 92,976,000 miles⏹The Sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusio n of hydrogen to helium.⏹Intense radiation, including lethal ultraviolet radiation, arrives at the earth’s outer atmosphere.⏹Ozone in the stratosphere protects life on earth from excessive ultraviolet radiation.⏹The seasons of the earth’s climate results from (1) the 23.30tilt of the earth’s axis of rotation from the normal to the plane of the earth’s orbit around the Sun, (2) the large coverage area of water on the earth (about 75% of the earth’s surface), and (3) the rotation of the earth with associated generation of jet-stream patterns.⏹Radiation passing through the earth’s atmosphere loses most short-wave radiation, butsome arriving at the surface is converted into infrared radiation which is then trapped by water vapor and other tri-atomic molecules in the troposphere and stratosphere, causing global warming.Life on earth is maintained from photosynthesis and conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen by plants.4.Translate the following parts of sentences in Introduction into proper English.（1）过去对……的研究工作说明……The previous work on … has indicated that…（2）A在1932年做了关于……的早期研究。
机械专业英语课后答案
一单元1)the fundamental concepts基本概念2）cross section横截面3）the internal stresses produced in the bar内应力产生在杆内4)continuous distribution of hydrostatic pressure液压力连续的分布5）the tensile load拉伸载荷6）a uniform distribution over the cross section均匀分布在整个横截面7）arbitrary cross-sectional shape随机的横截面形状8）tensile stresses拉应力9）compressive stresses压应变力10）a normal stress 正压力11) through the centroid of the cross sectional area 通过横截面区的质心12) the uniform stress condition 均匀压力13) the stress distribution at the ends of the bar 载荷在铁上均匀作用14) high localized stresses 非常高的局部压力15) an axially loaded bar杆承受轴向载荷16) a tensile strain 拉应力17) an elongation or stretching of the material材料伸长18) a compressive strain压应变19) the ratio of two lengths两个长度的比值20)purely statical and geometrical considerations 纯静态和几何角度1）That branch of scientific analysis which deals with motions, times and forces is called mechanics and is made up of two parts, statics and dynamics.科学分析的一个分支,它涉及的运动中,时间和力量被称为力学和由两大部分、静力学和动力学。
自动化专业英语课后习题答案
济南大学控制科学与工程学院
自动化专业英语
4
1.2 What is feedback and what are
its effects?
• 3 Put the following into English
• 幅值 magnitude
相角 phase
• 闭环 closed-loop
开环 open-loop
• Investment 投资
fundamental 基础的
• Evaluating 评价
benifit 利润，益处
• Distillation column 分裂蒸馏塔
• Overhead 在头上的, 高架的 process dynamic 过程动态
• Manipulatable input 可操作输入
• 控制系统设计 control system design • 设计模型 design model • 炼油 oil refinery 化工 chemical (engineering) • 电力 (electric) power 造纸 paper (making) • 水泥 cement 纺织 textile • 塑料 plastic 钢铁 steel (iron and steel) • 航空航天 aerospace (Aeronautics and Astronautics) • 再沸器 reboiler
济南大学控制科学与工程学院
自动化专业英语
15
2.3 Flow measurements
• 1. Put the following into chinese
• Flow rate 流速 accounting 统计，计算 • Laminar flow 层流 energy losses 能量损失 • Total flow 总体流量 pressure energy 压能 • Kinetic energy 动能 potential energy 势能 • Restriction 约束，限制 orifice plate 孔板 • Venturi tube 文丘里管 flow nozzle 测流嘴 • Elbow 肘，弯管接头 rotameter 转子流量计 • Mass flow 质量流
2012机械设计制造及其自动化专业外语参考答案
一词汇a 英译汉Dimension 尺寸Machine tool Adhesiveness Compound rest复合刀具台机床粘性Apron 挡板，Climb-cut Peripheral milling Slab milling阔面铣削同向铣削Centerless grinding无心轮磨Machinery Cylindrical hole Snag 障碍机械圆柱孔Coarseness 粗糙度Up-milling逆铣Abrasive belt磨带Profile Machine table剖面机表Rectilinear Protecctive guards 直线防护String milling连续铣削b 汉译英刚度，硬度hardess 圆柱形端铣刀cylindric end mill 进给速度feed speed 托架bracket软刚，低碳钢mild steel沉头螺钉sunk screw螺线spiral 平面磨surface grind镗床boring machine 摩擦离合器friction clutch多刃刀具multipoint tool 牛头刨床shaping machine被动皮带轮Passive pulley润滑油lubricating oil燕尾槽dovetail groove 卡盘chuck材料去除装备Material removal equipment插入式磨削Plug-in grinding冷却液coolant 床头箱headstock二翻译句子1) The slides a nd slideways of a machine tool locate and guide members which move relative to each other,usually changing the position of the tool relative to the workpiece.车刀机床的滑块和滑道s使定位和导向构件之间将对移动，常常用于改变工件与工作台的相对位置2）In order to maintain a constant angular velocity, the individual tooth profile must obey the fundamental law of gearing: for a pair of gears to transmit a constant angular velocity ratio, the shape of their contacting profile must be such that the common normal passes through a fixed point on the line of the centers为了维持一个恒定的角速度,单个齿廓必须遵守啮合基本定律:对于一对以固定角速度传动的齿轮,他们的传动比两轮连心线被齿廓接触点公共法线分割的两顿先吨的反比3）Plain milling cutters are adapted to cut by teeth with cutting edges situatued on the surface of a cylinder which can be circumscribed on cutter. face mills are adapted to cutting by teeth with cutting edges situated on the surface of the mill and partially on its cylindrial surface平铣刀适用于使用位于圆柱面上的齿上的切削刃工作的铣削，平面铣刀适用于使用位于铣刀表面和其部分圆柱面的齿上的切削刃做的铣削4）Pressures angles for spur gear are usually 14.5 or 20 degrees, although other values can be used. Meshing gears must have the same pressure angles.虽然其他值也也可以使用，但齿轮的压力角经常为14.5度或20度，相啮合的齿轮必须有相同的压力角5）The cross section of the milled surface corresponds to the outline or contour of the milling cutter or combination of cutters used.加工表面的界面要与使用的刀具或组合刀具的外轮廓一致6）Lets us now discuss the different concepts associated with the manufacturing accuracy required modern mass-production technologies.让我们来讨论有关现代大规模生产技术所要求的制造精度的不同概念。
机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语课后题
机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语课后题第一单元3. Aliuminum铝copper 铜nicke镍titanium 钛structural strength结构强度deep drawing拉伸加工4. 定义defition 力torce 轴axle(roller) 非金属nometal 结构structure 载荷load 用途use(application)性质properties(nature)(character)第二单元4.hardenability硬化性machinability可加工性cold drawn 冷拔steel sheet钢板percent reduction in area断面收缩率endurance limit疲劳极限rolled-steel shapes 轧制钢板corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性rupture断裂5.低碳钢low-carbon 高强度钢hinger-strengt steel热处理heat treatment屈服强度yield strength弹性模量elastic modulus伸长率percentage elongation韧性toughness内应力internal stresses第三单元4.non-ferrous 非钢的stress-strain curve应力应变曲线yield point屈服点percentage elongation伸长率necking 颈缩sensitivity 灵敏性5.应变硬化strain hardening横截面cross-sectional area断面收缩率reduction in area比例极限limit of proportionality 屈服极限yield limit 延性ductiliy机械性质mechannicalpropertiece用..除..divide…by…第六单元3.tangential notes肤浅的事情flexible manufacturingsystem 柔性制造系统machine instruction机器指令economy of scale规模经济Hardwireyd logic controller硬固线逻辑控制transfer-line运输线，流水线numerically control(NC)数字控制direct numerical control(DNC)直接数字控制computer numerical control(CNC)计算机数字控制4.计算机辅助制造computer-aided manufacturing数控机床手工、半自动化或全自动化manal semiautomatic or full automation 尽管机械制造业一直在持续发展，但知道20世纪50年代才出现又一个重大发展。
机械专业外语_习题集(含答案)
《机械专业外语》课程习题集一、短文翻译(英译汉)1. The solution to most design problems does arise from a set of equations, instead it is a compromise to satisfy a number of design requirements and practical limitations such as available tooling and servicing ease. Designs are often revised to introduce new features, but as much as possible of the old design is retained for economic reasons. Producing a revised design is usually not as difficult as producing a new design because the history of the original is available for evaluation.2. When cutting screw threads, power is provided to the gearbox of the apron by the lead screw. In all other turning operations, it is feed rod that drives the carriage. The lead screw goes through a pair of half nuts, which are fixed to the rear of the apron. When actuating a certain lever, the half nuts are clamped together and engage with the rotating lead screw as a single nut, which is feed , together with the carriage along the bed.3.Generally, grinding is considered to be a finishing process that is usually used for obtaining high-dimensional accuracy and better surface finish. Grinding can be performed on flat, cylindrical, or even internal surfaces by employing specialized machine tools, which are referred to as grinding machines. Obviously, grinding machines differ in construction as well as capabilities, and the type to be employed is determined mainly by the geometrical shape and nature of the surface to be ground. -e.g. cylindrical surfaces are ground on cylindrical grinding machines.4. The dielectric serves to concentrate the discharge energy into a channel of very small crosssectional area. It also cools the two electrodes, and flushes away the products of machining from the gap. The electrical resistance of the dielectric influences the discharge spark energy and time of spark initiation .if the resistance is low , an early discharge spark occurs. If it is large the capacitor will attain a higher value charge before the discharge spark occurs.5. As we previously saw, CNC,DNC and computer-assisted part programming are different kinds of preplanned computerized control of machine tools. In all cases, the tool path has to be established beforehand through a program, the person who prepares the programs employs his or her experience in order to bring the processing time to minimum and not to cause any damage or distortion to the workpiece. This is, in many cases, a difficult problem that involves many factors, alternatives, and constraints. Obviously, this is exactly where an expert system is needed.6. Equipment productively is improved because of the better utilization of machines whenCIM is implemented. We can see that factors like program ability of equipment and computerized monitoring and control of the whole manufacturing facility would largely improve the efficiency of machine utilization. Higher labor and equipment productivity would certainly result in lower product cost.7. Where loads are due to contact, a pair of equal and opposite forces occur. One force acts as an external load on one contacting member. This action-reaction force pairing is one of the basic natural laws put to practical use by engineers. Tracing these power transmission forces through connected machine linkages is an extremely useful visualization aid for identifying machine component loads.8. Element design is concerned with the proper sizing of machine elements to perform a given function at some stated life criterion. Mechanical designers must also be familiar with properties of materials and machining processes to achieve optimal design. In addition, designers must always contend with the question of cost. The watchword should be simplicity, since a simple device is usually the least expensive.9. The tailstock assembly consists basically of three parts, its lower base, an intermediate part, and the quill. The lower base is a casting that can slide on the lathe bed along the guideways, and it has a clamping device to enable locking the entire tailstock at any desired location, depending upon the length of the workpiece. The intermediate part is a casting that can be moved transversely to enable alignment of the axis of the tailstock with that of the headstock.10. Internal grinding is employed for grinding relatively short holed. The workpiece is held in a chuck or a special fixture. Both the grinding wheel and the workpiece rotate during the operation and feed is applied in the longitudinal direction. Any desired depth of cut can be obtained by the cross feed of the grinding wheel. A variation from this type is planetary internal grinding, which is recommended for heavy workpieces that cannot be held in chucks. In the case, the grinding wheel not only spins around its own axis but also rotates around the centerline of the hole that is being ground.11. The intelligent robot has always been the dream of manufacturing engineers, in order to make the automated factory of the future attainable. It is artificial intelligence that will make that dream come true. By definition, an intelligent robot is one that is able to think, sense, and effect, so that it can cope with a changing environment and learn from experience. Since thinking is a brain function, it is obvious that it would fall within the domain of artificial intelligence if it is to be performed by a computer. An integration between sensing, reasoning, and effecting would unify artificial intelligence and robots, with the final outcome an intelligent robot.12. In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the range of media used to convey information. Initially, communication was limited to simple forms of media such as voice and paper. This century, however, has witnessed the introduction of a greater variety of media types such as the telephone and visual forms of media. In the latter part of the century,this trend has accelerated and there is now a wide range of media types available to convey information.13. It is well known that a hot plate of metal will cool faster when placed in front of a fan than when exposed to still air. We say that the heat is convected away and we call the process convection heat transfer. Convection is a much simpler physical process than conduction since it merely consists of the actual motion of a volume of hot fluid from one place to another.14.Around the turn of the twentieth century the steam turbine came into use. Steam turbines are very efficient. They can utilize almost 40 percent of the energy supplied to them. They are three times as efficient as reciprocating engines. Steam turbines power many of the world's ships and the majority of the world's electricity generating stations.15. Most small i.C.engines in common use has four cylinders, which fire in a definite and regular sequence. A flywheel is fitted to the crankshaft to keep it running smoothly. It is essential for the inlet and exhaust valves to open and close at exactly the appropriate moment in relation to the position of the piston. Therefore they are actuated by a cam-shaft running in phase with the crankshaft.16. The alternative to forming method is machining. In machining, a sharpened tool of suitable shape removes material in the form of chips until the desired shape is produced. The use of computer and punched-tape control of machine tools makes it possible forthe machining tool to follow any complex three-dimensional path.17. Perhaps because more high-strength, hard, tough, and exotic materials are used, there isa tendency to use chipless machining despite the progress just noted. There is a trend to reduce the amount of metal that needs to be removed. Often chipless machining is more expensive, but the reduced loss of material results in a saving. The increased use of metal forming, forging, rolling, die-casting and other processes illustrates this trend.18.For the semi-mechanized forging of small to medium-sized components, forging hammers powered by various means are employed. The feature common to all of them is that, like the hand forging hammer, they utilize the energy of a falling weight to develop the pressure needed for shaping the metal. Larger components are forged by means of forging presses operated by steam or compressed air or by hydraulic or electric power. Largely automatic forging machines are used for the quantity production of engineering parts.19. As we know, these are the main tasks of an engineer: to explore new ways, invent new solutions to problems, and design new devices. In the research stage of a project, the engineer usually has found a new way of doing a job and is analyzing it (using mathematics and computers) to see how feasible the idea is and how well it will work. The development stage then follows. Here the idea is carried out in the laboratory. The processes vary among different projects, but the basic point is the same: Turn the idea into a working reality.20.The fact that steel can possess a wide range of useful mechanical properties is of extreme economic importance. This is clearly illustrated in the railroad industry, forex-ample. To move a train from one place to another, we use a locomotive which has the ability to pull a given total load. This load is composed of the weight of the cars and the weight of the freight being transported. If a freight car is made of high strength steel, the structural members can be relatively small and the car will be lighter as well as stronger. This means that the amount of freight can be increased.21.The simplest method of welding two pieces of metal together is known as pressure welding. The ends of metal are heated to a white heat— for iron, the welding temperature should be about 13000C—in a flame, At this temperature the metal becomes plastic. The ends are then pressed or hammered together, and the joint is smoothed off. Care must be taken to ensure that the surfaces are thoroughly clean first, for dirt will weaken the weld. Moreover, the heating of iron or steel to a high temperature causes oxidation, and a film of oxide is formed on the heated surfaces.22. The design of a machine includes many factors other than those of determining the loads and stresses and selecting the proper materials. Before construction or manufacture can begin, it is necessary to have complete assembly and detail drawings to convey all necessary information to the shop men. The designer frequently is called upon to check the drawings before they are sent to the shop. Much experience and familiarity with manufacturing processes are needed before one can become conversant with all phases of production drawings.23. Flat pulleys and belts. This is the oldest and simplest type of pulley and belt. The pulley may be a single pulley, or it may have three or four different diameters. A one-piece pulley having three or four diameters is called a cone pulley. Actually the pulleys are not flat. They are tapered slightly so that the diameter of the pulley is a little larger at its center. We call this a crowned pulley. The pulley is made larger in diameter at the center because a flat belt will always climb to the highest part of a pulley. The crown ensures that the belt will run in the center of the pulley.24.Of course, materials have always been vital to human civilization. Three of humanity’s earliest eras are called the Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age, because the civilization of each was almost entirely dependent on the material after which the era was named. But now, in the twentieth century, materials-not just one, but many-have become a most important factor on which the advance of technology and industry depends. Our progress in space, in electronics, and in atomic energy is directly linked to the solution of crucial materials problems.25.The purpose of the design calculations is of course to attempt to predict the stress or deformation if the part in order that it may safely carry the loads which will be imposed upon it, and that it may last for the expected life of the machine. All calculations are, of course, dependent on the physical properties of the construction materials as determined by laboratory tests. A rational method of design attempts to take the results of relatively simple and fundamental tests and apply them to all the complicated and involved situations encountered in present-day machinery.二、按要求翻译下列句子（略）……答案1.对大多数设计问题的解决并不是来源于一组公式，而是受制于要满足很多设计要求和实际限制诸如可用的工具或使用的舒适性。
自动化专业英语课后答案
自动化专业英语课后答案【篇一：自动化专业英语试卷及答案】translate the following words or phrases into chinese ①metric度量收敛方差随机等价动态方程判据、评价标准测量模型偏微分方程在概率意义上，依概率② convergence ③ covariance④stochastic ⑤ equivalence ⑥ dynamic equation ⑦ criteria ⑧measurement model ⑨ partial derivative equation ⑩ in the sense of probability2. explain the following symbols in english?? ① bm the second order derivative of b sub m, b double prime sub m② a?b③ xi?a④ ?yx a is equivalent to b xi approaches a the partial derivative of y with respective to x⑤ ?abintegral between limits b to a ⑥ a‖b ⑦ a is parallel to b the cube root of a set a is contained in x a ⑧ a?x⑨ ?a?b?c?d??e?fdivided by e equals f a plus b minus c multiplied d, all⑩ ??,?n,s.t ai?a as i??for any special ?, there is a respected n, such that ai approaches a as i approaches ?二、translate the following paragraphs into chineseparagraph a[8 points]a subset a?xis said to be bounded if there exists m?rsuch that d(x,y)?mfor allx,y?a. the diameter of a is defined to besup?d(x,y)x,y?a?. a bounded metric space is one for which x itself is bounded.bounded intervals in r are bounded sets. a discrete metric space is bounded (take m?1).译文：一个子集a?x被称为是有界的，如果存在m?r使得对所有x,y?a有d(x,y)?m。
机械工程专业英语双色版课后答案
机械工程专业英语双色版课后答案1、--_______ do you have to do after school?--Do my homework, of course. [单选题] *A. What(正确答案)B. WhenC. WhereD. How2、The scenery is so beautiful. Let’s _______. [单选题] *A. take photos(正确答案)B. take mapsC. take busD. take exams3、( )He gave us____ on how to keep fit. [单选题] *A. some advicesB. some advice(正确答案)C. an adviceD. a advice4、--Which is Tom?--He is _______ of the two boys. [单选题] *A. tallB. tallerC. the taller(正确答案)D. the tallest5、I am so excited to receive a _______ from my husband on my birthday. [单选题] *A. present(正确答案)B. percentC. parentD. peace6、What’s your _______ for the coming new year? [单选题] *A. playB. plantC. plan(正确答案)D. plans7、While I _____ the morning paper, a headline caught my eye.. [单选题] *A. have readB. was reading(正确答案)C. had readD. am reading8、_____you may do, you must do it well. [单选题] *A.WhichB.WheneverC.Whatever(正确答案)D.When9、I got caught in the rain and my suit____. [单选题] *A. has ruinedB. had ruinedC. has been ruined(正确答案)D. had been ruined10、He is going to _______ a party this evening. [单选题] *A. hold(正确答案)B. makeC. needD. hear11、My watch usually _______ good time, but today it is five minutes fast. [单选题] *A. goesB. makesC. keeps(正确答案)D. gains12、--Do you often go to the cinema _______ Sunday?--No, we _______. [单选题] *A. on; don’t(正确答案)B. on; aren’tC. in; doD. in; don’t13、_______ your parents at home last week? [单选题] *A. IsB. WasC. AreD. Were(正确答案)14、( )He killed the enemy guard and made away _________the villagers. [单选题] *A. with the helpB. with helpC. with help ofD. with the help of(正确答案)15、_______ a busy afternoon! [单选题] *A. HowB. What(正确答案)C. WhichD. Wish16、Last week they _______ in climbing the Yuelu Mountain. [单选题] *A. succeeded(正确答案)B. succeedC. successD. successful17、25．—I ______ Beijing for a holiday.—________. [单选题] * A．will go；GoodbyeB．will go；Have a good time(正确答案)C．will go to；Have a good timeD．am going to；Have a fun18、—John, How is it going? —______.（）[单选题] *A. It’s sunnyB. Thank youC. Well doneD. Not bad(正确答案)19、--Do you have a _______?--Yes, I _______ at a clothes store. [单选题] *A. work; workB. work; jobC. job; jobD. job; work(正确答案)20、It’s one of _______ means of transportation. [单选题] *A. cheapB. convenientC. second-handD. the most convenient(正确答案)21、I used to take ____ long way to take the bus that went by ____ tunnel under the water. [单选题] *A. a, aB. a. theC. a, /(正确答案)D. the, a22、He spoke too fast, and we cannot follow him. [单选题] *A. 追赶B. 听懂(正确答案)C. 抓住D. 模仿23、Mr. Brown ______ the football match next week.（）[单选题] *A. is seeingB. seesC. sawD. is going to see(正确答案)24、This message is _______. We are all _______ at it. [单选题] *A. surprising; surprisingB. surprised; surprisedC. surprising; surprised(正确答案)D. surprised; surprising25、_____ is not known yet. [单选题] *A. Although he is serious about itB. No matter how we will do the taskC. Whether we will go outing or not(正确答案)D. Unless they come to see us26、I like the food very much.It is _______. [单选题] *A. terribleB. expensiveC. delicious(正确答案)D. friendly27、( ) What _____ fine weather we have these days! [单选题] *A. aB. theC. /(正确答案)D. an28、We have _______ a double room with a bath for you in the hotel. [单选题] *A. boughtB. reserved(正确答案)C. madeD. taken29、I haven’t met him _____ the last committee meeting. [单选题] *A. forB. since(正确答案)C. atD. before30、John had planned to leave, but he decided to stay in the hotel for（）two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *A. otherB. the otherC. another(正确答案)D. others。
机械设计制造及自动化专业英语第三版课后答案
机械设计制造及自动化专业英语第三版课后答案1、I think ______ time with my friends is fun for me.（）[单选题] *A. spendB. spendC. spending(正确答案)D. spent2、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. persuade(正确答案)D. talk3、Neither she nor her friends ______ been to Haikou. [单选题] *A. have(正确答案)B. hasC. hadD. having4、The carbon we produce when we breathe is much less than（）produced by a car. [单选题] *A. oneB. itC. that(正确答案)D. those5、How lovely a day,（）? [单选题] *A. doesn't itB. isn't it(正确答案)C.shouldn't itD.hasn't it6、15．This kind of bread is terrible. I do not want to eat it ________. [单选题] *A．any more(正确答案)B．some moreC．no longerD．some longer7、You cannot see the doctor _____ you have made an appointment with him. [单选题] *A. exceptB.evenC. howeverD.unless(正确答案)8、( )He gave us____ on how to keep fit. [单选题] *A. some advicesB. some advice(正确答案)C. an adviceD. a advice9、( ) What _____ fine weather we have these days! [单选题] *A. aB. theC. /(正确答案)D. an10、Mary, together with her children ,_____ some video show when I went into the sitting room. [单选题] *A. were watchingB. was watching(正确答案)C. is watchingD. are watching11、--Jenny, what’s your favorite _______?--I like potatoes best. [单选题] *A. fruitB. vegetable(正确答案)C. drinkD. meat12、Is there ____ for one more in the car? [单选题] *A. seatB. situationC. positionD. room(正确答案)13、The old woman doesn’t feel _______ though she lives _______. [单选题] *A. alone; lonelyB. alone; aloneC. lonely; lonelyD. lonely; alone(正确答案)14、My sister gave me a _______ at my birthday party. [单选题] *A. parentB. peaceC. patientD. present(正确答案)15、We _______ play basketball after school. [单选题] *A. were used toB. used to(正确答案)C. use toD. are used to16、My father can?_______ a little English. [单选题] *A. speak(正确答案)B. sayC. talkD. tell17、Sam is going to have the party ______ Saturday evening. （）[单选题] *A. inB. on(正确答案)C. atD. to18、She serves as a secretary in a university. [单选题] *A. 为…服务B. 担任…职务(正确答案)C. 竞争…服务D. 申请…职务19、She was seen _____ that theatre just now. [单选题] *A. enteredB. enterC. to enter(正确答案)D. to be entering20、We often go to the zoo _______ Saturday mornings. [单选题] *A. atB. inC. on(正确答案)D. of21、—The weather in Shanghai is cool now, ______ it? —No, not exactly. （）[单选题] *A. doesn’tB. isC. isn’t(正确答案)D. does22、The green shorts are _______ sale for ＄[单选题] *A. forB. on(正确答案)C. atD. with23、If you get _______, you can have some bread on the table. [单选题] *A. happyB. hungry(正确答案)C. worriedD. sad24、This kind of work _______ skills and speed. [单选题] *A. looks forB. waits forC. calls for(正确答案)D. cares for25、--_______ does Ben go to school?--By bus. [单选题] *A. How(正确答案)B. WhatC. WhereD. Why26、Don’t _______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worry(正确答案)B. worried aboutC. worry aboutD. worried27、His new appointment takes（）from the beginning of next month. [单选题] *A. placeB. effect(正确答案)C. postD. office28、The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, _____ surprised his parents a lot. [单选题] *A. whenB. whereC. which(正确答案)D. that29、（）, it would be much more sensible to do it later instead of finishing it now. [单选题] *A. FinallyB. MildlyC. Actually(正确答案)D. Successfully30、—It’s too noisy outside. I can’t fall asleep.—I can’t, either. We have to ______ new ways to solve the problem.（）[单选题] *A. come up with(正确答案)B. get on withC. make up withD. catch up with。
机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语第三版第二章课后答案
机械设计制造及其自动化专业英语第三版第二章课后答案1、Location is the first thing customers consider when_____to buy a house. [单选题] *A.planning(正确答案)B.plannedC.having plannedD.to plan2、It was _____the policeman came_____the parents knew what had happened to their son. [单选题] *A.before…asB. until…whenC. not until…that(正确答案)D.until…that3、A?pen _______ writing. [单选题] *A. is used toB. used toC. is used for(正确答案)D. used for4、It is reported（）three people were badly injured in the traffic accident. [单选题] *A. whichB. that(正确答案)C.whileD.what5、It _____ us a lot of time to do this job. [单选题] *A. spentB. madeC. took(正确答案)D. cost6、78．—Welcome to China. I hope you'll enjoy the ________.—Thank you. [单选题] * A．tour(正确答案)B．sizeC．nameD．colour7、As I know, his salary as a doctor is much higher_____. [单选题] *A. than that of a teacher(正确答案)B. than a teacherC. to that of a teacherD. to a teacher8、It’s raining outside. Take an _______ with you. [单选题] *A. cashB. life ringC. cameraD. umbrella(正确答案)9、In order to find the missing child, villagers _______ all they can over the past five hours. [单选题] *A. didB. doC. had doneD. have been doing(正确答案)10、He often comes to work early and he is _______ late for work. [单选题] *A. usuallyB. never(正确答案)C. oftenD. sometimes11、Do not _______ me to help you unless you work harder. [单选题] *A. expect(正确答案)B. hopeC. dependD. think12、She talks too much; you’ll be glad when you’re free of her. [单选题] *A. 与她自由交谈B. 离开她(正确答案)C. 受她的控制D. 与她在一起13、We have ______ homework today. （）[单选题] *A. too manyB. too much(正确答案)C. much tooD. very much14、( ) What she is worried __ is ____ her daughter is always addicted to chatting online./; that [单选题] *A /; thatB of thatC about that(正确答案)D about what15、The students in that university are not fewer than（）in our university. [单选题] *A. the oneB. thatC. themD. those(正确答案)16、Kate has a cat _______ Mimi. [单选题] *A. called(正确答案)B. callC. to callD. calling17、There was a time（）I wondered why I would like to do this boring job. [单选题] *A. whichB. whyC. whereD. when(正确答案)18、Do you know what（）the change in his attitude? [单选题] *A. got throughB. brought about(正确答案)C. turned intoD. resulted from19、_______ your parents at home last week? [单选题] *A. IsB. WasC. AreD. Were(正确答案)20、The early Americans wanted the King to respect their rights. [单选题] *A. 统治B. 满足C. 尊重(正确答案)D. 知道21、一Mary wants to invite you to see the movie today. 一I would rather she（B）me tomorrow. [单选题] *A.tellsB. told (正确答案)C. would tellD. had told22、We’re proud that China _______ stronger and stronger these years. [单选题] *A. will becomeB. becameC. is becoming(正确答案)D. was becoming23、The relationship between employers and employees has been studied（）. [单选题] *A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively(正确答案)24、The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, _____ surprised his parents a lot. [单选题] *A. whenB. whereC. which(正确答案)D. that25、The children are playing wildly and making a lot of?_______. [单选题] *A. cryB. voicesC. noises(正确答案)D. music26、_____from far away, the 600-meter tower is stretching into the sky. [单选题] *A. SeeB. SeeingC. To seeD. Seen(正确答案)27、—What do you think of Animal World? —______. I watch it every day.（）[单选题] *A. I don’t mind it.B. I like it.(正确答案)C. I can’t stand it.D. I don’t like it.28、I hope to see you again _______. [单选题] *A. long long agoB. long beforeC. before long(正确答案)D. long29、Chinese is one of ____ most widely used languages in ____ world. [单选题] *A. a, theB. /, theC. the, the(正确答案)D. a, /30、In winter, animals have a hard time_____anything to eat. [单选题] *A.to findB.finding(正确答案)C.foundD.to finding。
机电行业英语课后习题答案
机电行业英语课后习题答案机电行业英语课后习题答案在机电行业中，英语作为一门重要的工具语言，对于从事相关工作的人员来说，掌握一定的英语知识是非常必要的。
下面将为大家提供一些机电行业英语课后习题的答案，希望能够帮助大家更好地学习和应用英语。
1. 请根据下列句子中的汉语提示，用适当的英语单词或短语完成句子。
(1) The machine needs regular ________ (维护) to ensure its smooth operation.(2) The technician is responsible for ________ (安装) and repairing electrical equipment.(3) The ________ (电流) in the circuit is too high, which may cause a fire.(4) The engineer is designing a new ________ (机器人) to improve production efficiency.答案：(1) maintenance(2) installing(3) current(4) robot2. 请根据下列句子中的英语提示，用适当的中文完成句子。
(1) The engineer is conducting an ________ (实验) to test the performance of the new equipment.(2) The company has invested a large amount of money in ________ (研发) new technologies.(3) The technician is responsible for ________ (调试) the machine to ensure its proper functioning.(4) The workshop is equipped with advanced ________ (设备) to meet the production needs.答案：(1) experiment(2) researching and developing(3) debugging(4) equipment3. 请根据下列对话中的空白处，选择适当的英语单词或短语补全对话。
机械专业英语试题含答案
2010-2011第二学期专业英语试卷A答案l.Translate the following Chinese terms into English ( one point for each,20 points for all)1）汽车与工程机械automobile and construction machinery2）筑路机械road-making machine3）发电机generator4）起动马达self starter5）方向盘steering wheel6）进气门inlet valve7）齿轮泵gear pump8）机油滤清器oil filter9）差速器differential10）摩擦式离合器friction clutch11）蓄电瓶storage battery12）铲土运输机scraper13）塔式起重机tower crane14）叉车fork lift15）商业车辆commercial vehicle16）变速箱transmission box (gear box)17）带式输送机belt conveyer18）步履式挖掘机walking excavator19）颚式砸机jaw crusher20）履带和轮胎track and tire2.Translate the following English terms into Chinese (one point foreach, total 20 points)1)gasoline and diesel2)flywheel and cam3)disk brake4)mechanical vibration5)power steering6)vibratory roller7)hydraulic torque converter8)piston ring9)suspension system10)cab and chassis11)radiator12)fuel-injection system13)air compressor14)lubrication and lubricant汽油和柴油飞轮和凸轮盘式制动器机械振动动力转向振动式压路机液力变矩器活塞环悬挂系统驾驶室与底盘散热器燃油喷射系统空气压缩机润滑与润滑剂15)fine-mesh oil filter 机油细滤器16)pile driver 打桩机17)hydraulic excavator 液压挖掘机18)concrete paver 混凝土摊铺机19)truck mixer 搅拌车20)ignition system 点火系统3.Answer the following questions briefly(5 points for each, 20 pointsfor all)1)Which are included in an internal combustion engineTwo mechanisms：piston connecting rod mechanism and valve timing mechanismFive systems ：fuel feed system，lubrication system，cooling system，starting system，and ignition system (only for petrol engine).2)What are included in a working member of a hydrauli excavator？Boom，arm，bucket and cylinder of the boom，cylinder of the arm，cylinder of the bucket.3)What is the function of a differential ?The differentials is a gear assembly in a motor vehicle which allows the propeller shaft or drive shaft to turn the drive wheels at different speed when the vehicle is going around a curve.4)What is the difference between a bulldozer and an angledozer?A bulldozer is mounted with a blade perpendicular to the direction of travel. And an angle dozeris mounted with a blade set an angle with the direction of travel. The former pushes the earth forward, while the latter pushes the earth forward and to one side, some blades may be adjusted their use to bulldozer or angledozer.4.Translate the following sentences into Chinese. (40 points)A.Part One (5 points for each , 20 points for all)第一部分1)真正最早上市的内燃机是名叫尼古拉斯•奥格斯特•奥托的德国人发明的。
机械专业英语试题及答案
机械专业英语试题及答案一、词汇题（每题1分，共10分）1. The process of changing a solid object into a liquid by heating is called ________.A. meltingB. evaporationC. condensationD. solidification答案：A2. A device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy is known as a ________.A. engineB. generatorC. turbineD. pump答案：A3. The study of the forces and motion of objects is called ________.A. physicsB. mechanicsC. thermodynamicsD. fluid dynamics答案：B4. A machine that uses a rotating wheel to lift water is called a ________.A. pumpB. wheelC. turbineD. lever答案：A5. The process of removing heat from a substance is called ________.A. heatingB. coolingC. insulationD. refrigeration答案：D6. The science of measuring the properties of materials is called ________.A. metrologyB. material scienceC. thermodynamicsD. mechanics答案：A7. A machine that uses a pivot point to multiply force is called a ________.A. leverB. pulleyC. wheel and axleD. inclined plane答案：A8. The process of making a solid object by heating a liquidis called ________.A. meltingB. evaporationC. condensationD. solidification答案：D9. A machine that uses a belt and pulley system to transmit motion is called a ________.A. leverB. pulleyC. wheel and axleD. inclined plane答案：B10. The study of the behavior of materials under stress is called ________.A. mechanicsB. material scienceC. thermodynamicsD. fluid dynamics答案：B二、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读以下段落，并回答问题。
机械专业英语课后习题答案
机械专业英语课后习题答案机械专业英语课后习题答案在机械专业的学习中，英语是一个必不可少的工具。
通过学习机械专业英语，我们可以更好地理解和应用机械工程领域的知识。
下面是一些机械专业英语课后习题的答案，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
1. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) CNC b) CAD c) CAMa) CNC：CNC是计算机数控的缩写，它是一种通过计算机控制机床进行加工的技术。
通过CNC技术，我们可以实现高精度、高效率的加工过程。
b) CAD：CAD是计算机辅助设计的缩写，它是一种利用计算机软件辅助进行产品设计和制图的技术。
通过CAD技术，我们可以快速、准确地设计出产品的三维模型。
c) CAM：CAM是计算机辅助制造的缩写，它是一种利用计算机软件辅助进行制造过程的技术。
通过CAM技术，我们可以自动化地生成加工程序，提高制造效率和质量。
2. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) torque b) horsepower c) efficiencya) torque：torque是力矩的意思，它是描述力在旋转物体上产生转动效果的物理量。
在机械工程中，我们经常使用力矩来描述机械系统的转动特性。
b) horsepower：horsepower是马力的意思，它是描述功率的单位。
在机械工程中，我们经常使用马力来衡量机械设备的功率大小。
c) efficiency：efficiency是效率的意思，它是描述能量转换或工作过程中能量利用率的物理量。
在机械工程中，我们经常使用效率来评估机械系统的能量转换效果。
3. 请解释以下术语的意思：a) stress b) strain c) modulus of elasticitya) stress：stress是应力的意思，它是描述物体受力后产生的内部力的物理量。
在机械工程中，我们经常使用应力来评估材料的强度和稳定性。
b) strain：strain是应变的意思，它是描述物体受力后产生的形变程度的物理量。
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Muddying the waters further are scientific studies that have reached very different conclusions. Soy can reduce the risk of breast cancer (Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2006); it has no effect (Cancer, 2007); it can actually increase the risk (Cancer Research, 2001); soy can help memory in postmenopausal women (Menopause, 2003); no, it can't (Journal of the American Medical 青 Association, 2004). 衣
Soybean can prevent cancer
There have been several studies on isoflavones.(大豆异黄酮) The results suggest that soybean isoflavone has the effect of anticarcinogenesis.（多数研究表明大豆具有一定的 抗癌作用。）But it's not so clear how 青 beneficial soy products may be for you. 衣
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There are some studies has achieved much in recent years in China： Now researchers from China report that soy lowers the risk of recurring breast cancers among women with estrogen-positive tumors,
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Tamoxifen is designed to the activity of female is known to cancer cell
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a drug that is interfere with estrogen, a hormone that promote growths.
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This [Chinese] patient population was primed with soy and itsgood effects, so there may be a favorable milieu in the tissue so after breast cancer they continue to see its benefits.
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But perhaps in breast tissue or other organs that haven't been exposed to soy before, all of sudden starting to increase soy consumption might have other effects; we don't know.” (More on : Photos: The Landscape of Cancer Treatment)
Preface:
In recent years, the incidence of cancer is increasing day by day.
Numerous studies have demo trated that soybean plays a role in cancer.
We should manage to stick to the diet and keep off cancer. 青 衣
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just the cancers that might be more sensitive to soy's tumor-promoting effects. Comparing the volunteers who ate the least amount of these foods including tofu, to those eating the most (eight times the daily dose), the researchers found that
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the high consumers lowered their risk of having a recurrent breast tumor by 33%. Soybeans are a rich source of a set of molecules called "isoflavones." Soy is rich in isoflavones, which protect prostate health and have been shown to lower prostate
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Banu Arun, co-director of clinical cancer genetics at MD Anderson Cancer Center, say, “I wouldn't say don't eat soy. Moderate consumption should be fine. I just wouldn't convert to a soy rich diet yet to reduce breast cancer recurrence since we don't have the data yet for a western population.” （BY:TIME,FROM:）
According to the findings of the research abroad: Soy contains isoflavones that are similar to estrogen in chemical structure. And when these isoflavones bind to estrogen receptors on cells,they can either stimulate or inhibit estrogendriven functions in tissues.
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That explains why some studies have shown that eating soy can reduce the risk of recurring breast tumors, while others have shown that soy foods can increase the chances that a cancer will return. (More on : Special Report: 青 Advances for Breast Cancer 衣 Patients.)
and that parents limit the amount of soy their children eat. Health officials in France and Great Britain are concerned, too. French food manufacturers have been asked to reduce the isoflavones in soy formula, and are required to put warning labels on soy foods. The British Dietetic Association has warned parents against using soy formula during the first six months of a 青 baby's life. 衣
The findings hint that there may be some ways in which the isoflavones are beneficial, particularly since the subjects in the trial were all taking hormone-based drugs to treat their cancer.( Amer.J.clin.Nutr.,48(Suppl 青 .3),762-767(1998).)
Because of these concerns, the Israeli Ministry of Health has had a warning in effect since 2005.According to reports, the ministry suggests thaon, that infants be given soy formula only when breast milk or cow's milk is 青 not an 衣 option,
But that's an important consideration for U.S.women at risk of breast cancer who are thinking of increasing their soy milk or tofu consumption, says Arun. “The effect of taking soy might be different in the western patient population where they aren't eating as much soy. 青
What is clear today, according to the Harvard School of Public Health, is that when it comes to soy and health, "some of the claims...go far beyond the available evidence."