智能机器人外文翻译知识讲解
智能机器人外文翻译
RobotRobot is a type of mechantronics equipment which synthesizes the last research achievement of engine and precision engine, micro-electronics and computer, automation control and drive, sensor and message dispose and artificial intelligence and so on. With the development of economic and the demand for automation control, robot technology is developed quickly and all types of the robots products are come into being. The practicality use of robot products not only solves the problems which are difficult to operate for human being, but also advances the industrial automation program. At present, the research and development of robot involves several kinds of technology and the robot system configuration is so complex that the cost at large is high which to a certain extent limit the robot abroad use. To development economic practicality and high reliability robot system will be value to robot social application and economy development.With the rapid progress with the control economy and expanding of the modern cities, the let of sewage is increasing quickly: With the development of modern technology and the enhancement of consciousness about environment reserve, more and more people realized the importance and urgent of sewage disposal. Active bacteria method is an effective technique for sewage disposal，The lacunaris plastic is an effective basement for active bacteria adhesion for sewage disposal. The abundance requirement for lacunaris plastic makes it is a consequent for the plastic producing with automation and high productivity. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a manipulator that can automatically fulfill the plastic holding.With the analysis of the problems in the design of the plastic holding manipulator and synthesizing the robot research and development condition in recent years, a economic scheme is concluded on the basis of the analysis of mechanical configuration, transform system, drive device and control system and guided by the idea of the characteristic and complex of mechanical configuration, electronic, software and hardware. In this article, the mechanical configuration combines the character of direction coordinate and the arthrosis coordinate which can improve the stability and operation flexibility of the system. The main function of the transmission mechanism is to transmit power to implement department and complete the necessary movement. In this transmission structure, the screw transmission mechanism transmits the rotary motion into linear motion. Worm gear can give vary transmissionratio. Both of the transmission mechanisms have a characteristic of compact structure. The design of drive system often is limited by the environment condition and the factor of cost and technical lever. 'The step motor can receive digital signal directly and has the ability to response outer environment immediately and has no accumulation error, which often is used in driving system. In this driving system, open-loop control system is composed of stepping motor, which can satisfy the demand not only for control precision but also for the target of economic and practicality. on this basis, the analysis of stepping motor in power calculating and style selecting is also given.The analysis of kinematics and dynamics for object holding manipulator is given in completing the design of mechanical structure and drive system. Kinematics analysis is the basis of path programming and track control. The positive and reverse analysis of manipulator gives the relationship between manipulator space and drive sp ace in position and speed. The relationship between manipulator’s tip position and arthrosis angles is concluded by coordinate transform method. The geometry method is used in solving inverse kinematics problem and the result will provide theory evidence for control system. The f0unction of dynamics is to get the relationship between the movement and force and the target is to satisfy the demand of real time control. in this chamfer, Newton-Euripides method is used in analysis dynamic problem of the cleaning robot and the arthrosis force and torque are given which provide the foundation for step motor selecting and structure dynamic optimal ting.Control system is the key and core part of the object holding manipulator system design which will direct effect the reliability and practicality of the robot system in the division of configuration and control function and also will effect or limit the development cost and cycle. With the demand of the PCL-839 card, the PC computer which has a. tight structure and is easy to be extended is used as the principal computer cell and takes the function of system initialization, data operation and dispose, step motor drive and error diagnose and so on. A t the same time, the configuration structure features, task principles and the position function with high precision of the control card PCL-839 are analyzed. Hardware is the matter foundation of the control. System and the software is the spirit of the control system. The target of the software is to combine all the parts in optimizing style and to improve the efficiency and reliability of the control system. The software design of the object holding manipulator control system is divided into several blocks such assystem initialization block, data process block and error station detect and dispose model and so on. PCL-839 card can solve the communication between the main computer and the control cells and take the measure of reducing the influence of the outer signal to the control system.The start and stop frequency of the step motor is far lower than the maximum running frequency. In order to improve the efficiency of the step motor, the increase and decrease of the speed is must considered when the step motor running in high speed and start or stop with great acceleration. The increase and decrease of the motor’s speed can be controlled by the pulse frequency sent to the step motor drive with a rational method. This can be implemented either by hardware or by software. A step motor shift control method is proposed, which is simple to calculate, easy to realize and the theory means is straightforward. The motor' s acceleration can fit the torque-frequency curve properly with this method. And the amount of calculation load is less than the linear acceleration shift control method and the method which is based on the exponential rule to change speed. The method is tested by experiment.At last, the research content and the achievement are sum up and the problems and shortages in main the content are also listed. The development and application of robot in the future is expected.机器人机器人是典型的机电一体化装置，它综合运用了机械与精密机械、微电子与计算机、自动控制与驱动、传感器与信息处理以及人工智能等多学科的最新研究成果，随着经济的发展和各行各业对自动化程度要求的提高，机器人技术得到了迅速发展，出现了各种各样的机器人产品。
Robots机器人 中英文翻译
RobotsA robot is an automatically controlled, reprogrammable, multipurpose, mani pulating machine with several reprogrammable axes, which may be either fixed in place or mobile for use in industrial automation applications.The key words are reprogrammable and multipurpose because most single-purpose machines do not meet these two requirements.The term”reprogrammabl e” implies two things:The robot operates according to a written program can b e rewritten to accomdate a variety of manufacturing tasks. The term “multipurp ose” means that the robot can perform many different functions, depending on the program and tooling currently in use.Over the past two decades,the robot has been introduced into industry to perform many monotonous and often unsafe operations. Because robots can per form certain basic tasks more quickly and accurately than humans, they are bei ng increasingly used in various manufacturing industries.Structures of RobotsThe typical structure of industrial robots consists of 4 major components: the manipulator, the end effector, the power supply and control syterm.The manipulator is a mechanical unite that provides motions similar to those of a human arm. It often has a shoulder joint,an elbow and a wrist. It can rotate or slide, strech out and withdraw in every possible direction with certain flexibility.The basic mechanical configurations of the robot manipulator are categorized as Cartesian, cylindrical, spherical and articulated.A robot with a Cartesian geometry can move its gripper to any position within the cube or rectangle defined as its working volum.Cylindrical coordinate robots can move the gripper within a volum that is described by a cylinder. The cylindrical coordinate robot is positioned in the work area by two linear movements in the X and Y directions and one angular rotation about the Z axis.Spherical arm geometry robots have an irregular work envelop. This type of robot has two main variants,vertically articulated and horizontally articulated.The end effector attaches itself to the end of the robot wrist, also called end-of-arm tooling.It is the device intended for performing the designed operations as a human hand can.End effectors are generally custom-made to meet special handling requirements. Mechanical grippers are the most commonly used and are equipped with two or more fingers.The selection of an appropriate end effector for a special application depends on such factors as the payload, enviyonment,reliability,and cost.The power supply is the actuator for moving the robot arm, controlling the joints and operating the end effector. The basic type of power sources include electrical,pneumatic, and hydraulic. Each source of energy and each type of motor has its own characteristics, advantages and limitations. An ac-powered motor or dc-powered motor may be used depending on the system design and applications. These motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy to power the robot.Most new robots use electrical power supply. Pneumatic actuators have been used for high speed. Nonservo robots and are often used for powering tooling such as grippers. Hydraulic actuators have been used for heavier lift systems, typically where accuracy was not also requied.The contro system is the communications and information-processing system that gives commands for the movements of the robot. It is the brain of the robot; it sends signals to the power source to move the robot arm to a specific position and to the end effector.It is also the nerves of the robot; it is reprogrammable to send out sequences of instructions for all movements and actions to be taken by the robot.A open-loop controller is the simplest for of the control system, which controls the robot only by foolowing the predetermined step-by-step instructions.This system dose not have a self-correcting capability.A close-loop control system use feedback sensors to produce signals that reflct the current states of the controed objects. By comparing those feedback signals with the values set by the programmer, the close-loop controller can conduct the robot to move to the precise position and assume the desired attitude, and the end effector can perform with very high accuracy as the close-loop control system can minimize the discrepancy between the controlled object and the predetermined references.Classification of RobotIndustrial robots vary widely in size,shape, number of axes,degrees of freedom, and design configuration. Each factor influence the dimensions of the robot’s working envelop or the volume of space within which it can move and perform its designated task. A broader classification of robots can been described as below.Fixed-and Variable-Sequence Robots. The fixed-sequence robot (also called a pick-and place robot) is programmed for a specific sequence of operations. Its movements are form point to point, and the cycle is repeated continuously.The variable-sequence robot can be programmed for a specific sequence of operations but can be programmed to perform another sequence of operation.Playback Robot. An operator leads or walks the playback robot and its end effector through the desired path. The robot memorizes and records the path and sequence of motions and can repeat them continually without any further action or guidance by the operator.Numerically Controlled Robot. The numerically controlled robot is programmed and operated much like a numerically controlled machine. The robot is servocontrolled by digital data, and its sequence of movements can be changed with relative ease.Intelligent Robot. The intelligent robot is capable of performing some of the functions and tasks carried out by huanbeings.It is equipped with a variety of sensors with visual and tactile capabilities.Robot ApplicationsThe robot is a very special type of productin tool; as a result, the applications in which robots are used are quite broad. These applications can be grouped into three categories: material processing, material handling and assembly.In material processing, robots use tools to process the raw material. For example, the robot tools could include a drill and the robot would be able to perfor drilling operaytions on raw material.Material handling consists of the loading, unloading, and transferring of workpieces in manufacturing facilities. These operations can be performed relatively and repeatedly with robots, thereby improving quality and scrap losses.Assembly is another large application area for using robotics. An automatic assembly system can incorporate automatic testing, robot automation and mechanical handling for reducing labor costs, increasing output and eliminating manual handling concers.机器人机器人是一种自动控制的、可重复编程的、多功能的、由几个可重复编程的坐标系来操纵机器的装置，它可以被固定在某地，还可以是移动的以在工业自动化工厂中使用。
人教版高中英语选修七Unit2Robots知识讲解话题语言应用——机器人及科幻文学作品
人教版高中英语选修七Unit2Robots知识讲解话题语言应用——机器人及科幻文学作品话题语言应用——机器人及科幻文学作品编稿：牛新阁审稿：王春霞语言积累交际用语表示推测与确信：I think / don’t think... 我认为/认为...不...I believe / don’t believe...我相信/不相信......I guess/ suppose... 我猜想...I wonder ... 我想知道/ 我奇怪......Maybe ... 也许......It must have ... 它一定已经......Is it possible that...? ......是可能的吗？It could be that ... 可能......Could it be that...？......可能吗?It is possible/impossible... ....是(不)可能的。
It is most likely/unlikely ... 最有/不可能......There is a belief that... 有人相信......Are you sure that...? 你确信......吗?I am sure/ positive that ... 我确信/肯定......话题语句（1）1．有关机器人（robot）的词句：A robot is a machine designed to do jobs that are usually performed by humans. Robots are programmed and controlled by a computer. 机器人是被设计来做经常由人来做的工作的机器。
机器人被计算机编上程序并加以控制。
rebuild a robot 重新组装/设置机器人Asimov’s Laws For Robots（阿西莫夫机器人定律）First Law: A robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured.Second Law: A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings (as long as human beings are not injured).Third Law: A robot must protect its own existence (as long as human beings are not injured; and as long as the robot does not disobey the human beings).阿西莫夫机器人三定律一、机器人不得伤害人类，或看到人类受到伤害而袖手旁观；二、在不违反第一定律的前提下，机器人必须绝对服从人类给与的任何命令；三、在不违反第一定律和第二定律的前提下, 机器人必须尽力保护自己。
机器人外文翻译备课讲稿
附录：The robot1.The role of robots”The role of robots Is a high-level integration of control theory, robotics, machinery and electronics, computers, materials and bionic product. In industry, medicine, agriculture, construction and even the military have important applications in such areas. Now, the international concept of robots has been gradually approaching the same. In general, people can accept the claim that the robot is controlled by its own power and ability to achieve the various functions of a machine. The United Nations Organization for Standardization adopted by the American Federation of Robotics to the robot under the definition: "a programmable and versatile, used to move materials, parts, tools, operating machines; or to perform different tasks have to change and Programmable action specialized systems.2.Evaluation criteriaCapacity of evaluation criteria Robot capability evaluation criteria include: intelligence, refers to feelings and perceptions, including memory, calculation, comparison, identification, judging, decision-making, learning and logical reasoning, etc.; function, refers to flexibility, versatility or space occupied, etc.; physics can be means the power, speed, continuous operation capability, reliability, combined with nature, life and so on. Therefore, it can be said robot is a biological function of three-dimensional coordinates of the machine.position of the robotThe composition of the robot Robots in general by the executing agency, drives, detection devices and control system, etc.. Implementing agency, the robot body, the buttocks generally use the space for open-chain linkages, the movement of which the Deputy (rotate or move the Deputy Vice-) often referred to as joints, and joints shall be the number of robots are usually a few degrees of freedom. According to joint configuration types and the differentforms of movement coordinates, the robot implementing agencies can be divided into rectangular type, cylindrical coordinate type, polar coordinate type and other types of joint coordinate type. For anthropomorphic considerations, often the relevant parts of the robot body are known as the base, waist, arm, wrist, hand (gripper or end effector) and the Ministry of walking (for mobile robot), etc. . Drive device is driven by movement of the body implementing agencies, in accordance with the directives issued by the signal control system, by means of dynamic components, the robot action is needed. It is the input signal, the output is the line, the amount of angular displacement. Drive robot is mainly used in electric drives, such as stepper motors, servo motors, etc. In addition, there is also hydraulic, pneumatic, etc. drives.Detecting device is the role of real-time detection robot's movement and work of the required feedback to the control system, compared with the configuration information, the right to adjust the implementing agencies to ensure the robot's movements to meet the intended requirements. As a sensor detecting device can be divided into two categories: one is internal information sensors for detecting the internal situation in various parts of robots, such as the joint position, velocity, acceleration, etc., and the measured information as a feedback the signal sent to the controller, to form a closed-loop control. The other is external information sensors, used to obtain information about the operation of robots and other objects and external environment of information, so that the robot moves to adapt to changing circumstances, so that to achieve a higher level of automation, even the machine person has a certain "feel" to the intelligent development, such as visual, sound and other external sensors sense given object of work, information about the working environment, the use of such information constitutes a major feedback loop, which will greatly enhance the work of therobot accuracy. Control system in two ways. One is the centralized control, that is, the robot's control by a microcomputer to complete. The other is decentralized (level)-type control, which uses multiple computers to share the control of robots, such as when using the upper and lower two computers together to complete the robot control, the host often used for system management, communication, kinematics and dynamics calculations, to send commands to the lower-level computer information; as a junior from the machine, the joints corresponding to a CPU, for interpolation and servo control processing operations to achieve a given movement, to the host feedback. According to the different operational mission requirements, the robot control mode can be divided into point to point control, continuous path control and force (torque) control.4.History of RobotsRobot History 1920 Czechoslovakia writer Karel Capek in his • sci-fi novel "Rossum's Universal Robots company", according to Robota (Czech, intended to "labor, slave labor") and Robotnik (Polish, the original intent as "workers"), to create a "robot" is the word. World Expo 1939 in New York on display at the Westinghouse Electric Company manufactured home robot Elektro. It is controlled by a cable, you can walk, say 77 words, or even smoke, but still far from the real chores. But it give people a vision of domestic robots to become more specific. Asimov sci-fi masters 1942, the United States put forward the "Three Laws of Robotics." Although this is only the creation of science fiction, but later became the principle of academic research and development by default. • In 1948 Norbert Weiner published in "control theory" to explain the machine in the communication and control function and the nervous, sensory function of the common law, first proposed as the core of computer-automated factory. 1954, American George • Dwyer created the world's first programmable robot and registered patents. This mechanical hand in accordance with different programs in different jobs, so has the versatility and flexibility. 1956 Dartmouth meeting • Marvin Minsky has made his views on intelligent machines: Smart Machine "to create an abstract model of the surrounding environment, if you encounter problems, from abstract model to find a solution" . This definition affects the subsequent 30 years of intelligent robot research direction. Dwyer and the United States in 1959, inventor Joseph • Ingeborg joined hands to create the first industrial robot. Subsequently, the establishment of the world's first a robotmanufacturing plant - Unimation company. As Ingeborg R & D for industrial robots and publicity, he was known as the "father of industrial robots." AMF Inc. in 1962, the United States produced "VERSTRAN" (meaning universal handling), and Unimation produced Unimate as a truly commercial industrial robots, and exported to countries around the world, setting off a worldwide study of robots and robot the globe. 1962 -1,963 years the application of sensors to improve the operability of the robot. People try all kinds of sensors installed on the robot, including the 1961 Ernst used in tactile sensors, Tomovic and Boni 1962, the world's first "smart hand" on the use of pressure sensors, while the McCarthy in 1963, has begun to add visual sensor in robot system, and in 1965, helped MIT launched the world's first with a vision sensor that can identify and locate building blocks of the robotic system. 1965 Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory • developed Beast robot. Beast has been through sonar systems, photoelectric tubes and other devices, the environmental correction own position. 60 mid-20th century, the U.S. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University, University of Edinburgh, been set up in the robot lab. The United States with the rise of the second-generation sensors research, "there feel" of the robot, artificial intelligence and to work towards it. The world's first intelligent robot Shakey Stanford Research Institute in 1968, the United States announced that they successfully developed a robot Shakey. It is with a vision sensor, according to the instructions of people to discover and crawl the building blocks of a computer to control it, but there is a room so much. Shakey can be regarded as the world's first intelligent robot, beginning the prelude to the third generation of robot research and development. 1969, Ichiro Kato, Waseda University Laboratory developed the first robot to walk, walk. Ichiro Kato, the long-term commitment to research humanoid robot, known as "the father of humanoid robot." Japanese experts has been to develop humanoid robots and robot technology, known for entertainment, then go one step further hastened the development of Honda's ASIMO and Sony's QRIO. In 1973 the world's first robot and small computers to work together, they gave birth to the U.S. company Cincinnati Milacron robot T3. Unimation introduced in 1978, the U.S. general industrial robot PUMA, which marks the industrial robot technology has reached full maturity. PUMA is still work in the factory in the forefront. 1984 Ingeborg pushed robot Helpmate, the robot can deliver meals to patients in the hospital and get drugs, to send e-mail. In the same year, he predicted: "I want robots to clean the floor, cooking, washing out to help me tocheck security." In 1998 Denmark introduced Lego Robot (Mind-storms) package, so get with the building-block robot manufacturing the same, relatively simple and can arbitrarily assembled, the robot started to enter the private world. In 1999 Sony introduced Aibo robot dog (AIBO), immediately sold out, and from entertainment robots become the robot forward one of the ways ordinary family. In 2002 the U.S. introduced the iRobot robotic vacuum cleaner Roomba, it can avoid obstacles, automatic design of the road route, but also in the power is insufficient, automatically towards charging seat. Roomba is the world's largest-selling and most commercial household robots. an authorized agent iRobot Corporation Beijing: Beijing Science and Technology Co., Ltd. Micro-Mesh, Tomohiro http / / www micronet net cn. In June 2006, Microsoft launched the Microsoft Robotics Studio, robotics modular, unified platform, it became increasingly evident, Bill • Gates predicted that household robots will soon be sweeping the world5.Robot category articlesBeing born in science fiction, like, people are full of fantasy robot. Perhaps it is because the definition of fuzzy robots, which gave the people full of imagination and creative space. Domestic robots: to help people take care of life, to do simple household chores. Manipulator-type robot: Can automatic, repeatable programming, multi-functional, there are several degrees of freedom can be fixed or movement, for associated automation systems. Programmable Robot: According to the order and conditions of apre-requirement in turn control the robot's mechanical movements.Teaching-playback robot: Adoption of the guidance or other means, the first robot moves the church, enter the work process, the robot will automatically repeat operations. NC robots: do not have to move the robot through the values, language, etc. for teaching the robot, the robot according to the information after teaching job. Feel-controlled robot: the use of sensors to obtain information on control of robot action. Adaptive control robot: able to adapt to changes in the environment, control their own actions. Learning control for robots: can "understand" the work experience, with a certain degree of learning function, and the "learning" experience for the work. Intelligent Robots: The artificial intelligence robot to determine its actions. China's environment, starting from the application of robotics experts, robots are divided into two categories, namely industrial robots and special robot. The so-called industrial robots for industrial areas of multi-joint or multi-DOFrobot manipulators. In addition to the special robot is outside of industrial robots used for non-manufacturing and the service of mankind advanced robots, including: service robots, underwater robots, entertainment robots, military robots, agricultural robots, robot-based machinery. In the special robots, some branches have developed rapidly, there is a separate system for trends, such as service robots, underwater robots, military robots,micro-operation of robots. At present, the international robot scholars, starting from the application environment, the robot is also divided into two categories: manufacturing environment of industrial robots and the non-manufacturing environment, the service and humanoid robots, This classification is consistent with our The. Also known as unmanned aerial robot machines, in recent years, the family in the military robotics, unmanned aerial vehicles are the most active research activities, technological progress, the largest research and procurement of funds into the largest and most experienced in the field of combat. 80 years, the world is basically the development of unmanned aerial vehicles based on the main line of the United States to move forward, regardless of the technical level, the types and number of UAVs, the U.S. ranking first in the world.6.Robot varieties articles6.1 Unmanned aircraftdrones "Detachment" Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Throughout the history of UAV development can be said that modern warfare is to promote the UAV development. The impact of modern warfare UAV is also growing. The first and during World War II, despite the emergence and use of unmanned aerial vehicles, but because of low levels of technology, unmanned aerial vehicles does not play a significant role. The Korean War in the United States use of unmanned reconnaissance and attack aircraft, but in limited quantities. In the ensuing war in Vietnam, the Middle East war, UAVs have become an essential weapon systems. In the Gulf War, the war in Bosnia and Kosovo war, has become the main reconnaissance UAV types. French "Red Hawk" unmanned aerial vehicle U.S. Air Force suffered heavy losses during the Vietnam War, was shot down aircraft, 2500, killed more than 5,000 pilots, the U.S. domestic public outcry. To this end the Air Force increased use of the UAV. Such as "buffalo hunters" UAV mission over North Vietnam 2500 times, low altitude photographs, injury rate of only 4%. AQM-34Q-type 147 firebeeUAV Flight 500 several times, to conduct electronic eavesdropping, radio interference, dispersal of metal chaff and for some people to open up access, and so the aircraft. High-altitude unmanned reconnaissance aircraft In the 1982 war in the Bekaa Valley, Israeli forces discovered through aerial reconnaissance. Syria in the Bekaa Valley, a large concentration of troops. June 9, the Israeli army deployed US-made E-2C "Hawkeye" early warning surveillance aircraft to Syrian forces, and sent every day, "Scout" and "vicious dog" and unmanned aerial vehicles more than 70 sorties against Syrian forces in air defense positions Airport repeated reconnaissance, and to send images taken early warning aircraft and ground command. In this way, the Israeli army and accurately identify the location of the radar of the Syrian forces, and then launch the "wolf" type of anti-radar missiles, destroying the Syrian forces a lot of radar, missiles and automatic antiaircraft guns, and forced Syrian forces did not dare turn the radar, in order to in order to Army was the target to create the conditions for the aircraft. Phantom UAV The outbreak of the Gulf War in 1991, the U.S. military first face the problem of the Sand Sea is to be found in the vast hidden Iraqi Scud missile launchers. If someone reconnaissance aircraft, it must be round-trip flights over the desert, long exposure to the Iraqi army antiaircraft fire, under extremely dangerous. To this end, the U.S. military unmanned aerial surveillance has become the main force. Throughout the Gulf War, "Pioneer," the U.S. military to use unmanned aerial vehicles UAVs most kinds of U.S. forces deployed in the Gulf region a total of six Pioneer unmanned aerial vehicles with a total of 522 sorties flown, flight time of up to 1640 hours . At that time, regardless of day or night, every day there is always a Pioneer UAV flying over the Gulf. In order to destroy the Iraqi forces in the coastal fortifications built by strong, February 4 USS Missouri Chengye reaching offshore area, Pioneer UAV taking off from its deck, using infrared detectors were shot and send the images of ground targets to the command center. A few minutes later, warships and 406 mm guns began to bombard targets, unmanned aerial vehicles for the gun to school constantly firing. USS Wisconsin took over after the Missouri, so bombarded for three days straight, so that Iraqi artillery positions, radar network, command and communications center was completely destroyed. During the Gulf War, taking off only from the two battleships there is a pioneer in UAV 151 sorties, flying more than 530 hours to complete the target search, battlefield warning, maritime interdiction and naval gunfire support missions. Brevel UAV During the Gulf War, the Pioneerunmanned aerial vehicles have become pioneers of the U.S. Army troops. It is for the Army's 7th Army for aerial reconnaissance, shooting a large number of Iraqi tanks, command centers and missile launch position of the image, and send it to the helicopter unit, followed by the U.S. military sent the "Apache" attack helicopters of the targets attack, if necessary, can call for artillery fire support units. Pioneer aircraft survivability strong in the 319 sorties were flown, only one was hit, there are 4 ~ 5 due to electromagnetic interference and distress. In addition to the U.S., the United Kingdom, France, Canada also deployed unmanned aerial vehicles. Such as France's "fawn" division is equipped with a "Malte" UAV row. When the French troops fighting in Iraqin-depth, first sending the enemy reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicles, according to detected conditions, the French escaped the Iraqi army tanks and artillery positions. 1995 Bosnian war, because troops need, "Predator" unmanned aerial vehicles will soon be transported to the front. Serb forces in the NATO air strikes of the supply lines, ammunition depots, command center, the "Predator" has played an important role. It first carried out reconnaissance and found that target to guide the aircraft to attack someone, and then for the war effort. It also provided for the United Nations peacekeeping force in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the main road military vehicles movement, and to determine whether the parties complied with the peace agreement. U.S. military and thus the "Predator," called the "battle of the low-altitude satellites." In fact, satellites can only provide instant images on the battlefield, while the UAV could be a long time hovering over the battlefield to stay on the battlefield and thus able to provide continuous real-time image, unmanned aerial vehicles is also much cheaper than using satellites. March 24, 1999, the US-led NATO banner of "safeguarding human rights" under the guise of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia began bombing the outbreak of that shocked the world, "the Kosovo war." In the 78 days of bombing, NATO deployed a total of 32 million per aircraft, ships into more than 40 vessels, dropped bombs, 13 million tons, resulted in an unprecedented catastrophe in Europe since World War II. Federal Republic of Yugoslavia is mountainous and forest terrain, as well as more than rainy days more than the climatic conditions significantly affected the NATO reconnaissance satellites andhigh-altitude reconnaissance plane effect, the Sierra Leone Army also brings a fierce anti-aircraft fire, it was not low-flying reconnaissance planes, resulting in NATO Air Force does not recognize and attack the clouds below target. In order to reduce casualties, NATO's extensive use of unmannedaerial vehicles. The Kosovo war was the use of local wars in the world the largest number of unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles play a role in the greatest war. Although the UAV fly slowly at low altitudes, but it is small, radar and infrared characteristics of small, good for hiding, can not easily be hit, suitable for low-altitude reconnaissance, you can see the satellite and reconnaissance aircraft was See unclear objectives. During the Kosovo war, the United States, Germany, France and Britain dispatched a total of 6 different types of unmanned aerial vehicles, more than 200 planes, which are: U.S. Air Force's "Predator" (Predator), the Army's "Hunter" (Hunter) , and the Navy's "Pioneer" (Pioneer); German CL-289; France's "Red Falcon" (Crecerelles), "Hunter", and the United Kingdom's "Phoenix" (Phoenix) and other unmanned aerial vehicles. UAV in the Kosovo war, some of the major completed the following tasks: low-altitude reconnaissance and battlefield surveillance, electronic interference, victories assessment, targeting, weather data collection, distribution of leaflets, and rescue pilot, and so on. The Kosovo war has not only greatly increased the UAV's position in the war, but also aroused the attention of Governments on the UAV. U.S. Senate Armed Services Committee requested that the military should be prepared to 10 years, a sufficient number of unmanned systems tolow-altitude attack aircraft in one-third of UAVs; 15 years, one-third of ground combat vehicles unmanned systems should be in . This is not to use unmanned aircraft to replace the pilot and it was, but some people use them to add the capacity of the aircraft in order to high-risk tasks to minimize use of the pilot. UAV's development will accelerate the theory of modern warfare and unmanned warfare systems development.6.2 Special features robotspecial feature of the robot Machine Police The so-called military robots on the ground is used on the ground robot system, they are not only in times of peace can help police rule out bomb to complete the task should be to the security in wartime can be replaced by soldiers of mine, reconnaissance and attack a variety of tasks such as Today, the United States, Britain, Germany, France, Japan and other countries have developed various types of ground military robots. Britain's "trolley" robot In Western countries, terrorism has always been one to make the headache problem. The United Kingdom due to ethnic conflicts, suffering from the threat of explosives, so as early as 60 years on the successful development of EOD robot. British developedcrawler-style "trolleys" and "super cart" EOD robot, has more than 50 countries and police agencies has sold more than 800 units. Recently, Britain has in turn trolley robot to be optimized, prairie dogs and bison have developed two kinds of remote control electric EOD robot, the British Royal Engineers in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo are using them to detect and deal with explosives. Prairie dogs weigh 35 kilograms, the mast is equipped with two cameras. Bison weighed about 210 kilograms and can carry 100 kg of load. Both use radio control system, remote control distance of about 1 km. "Prairie Dog" and "Maverick" and EOD robot In addition to a bomb planted by terrorists outside the war-torn countries in many of the world, and everywhere a variety of scattered unexploded munitions. For example, in Kuwait after the Gulf War as an ammunition depot could explode at any time. In theIraq-Kuwait border over 10,000 square kilometer area, there are 16 countries manufacture of 25 million mines, 85 million rounds of ammunition, and the multinational forces dropped bombs and cluster bombs mines of 25 million bullets, of which at least 20% No explosion. And now, even in many countries there is residual in the First World War and World War II unexploded bombs and landmines. Therefore, explosive ordnance disposal robot is a great demand. Wheeled robot with the Removal of Explosive Devices and tracked, and they are generally small size, steering a flexible, easy to work in a small space, the operator can be a few hundred meters to several kilometers away through radio or optical control of their activities. Robot cars general color CCD camera is equipped with multiple pairs of explosives used for observation; more than one degree of freedom manipulator, with its gripper or clamp may be explosives, fuses or detonators screwed down, and to transport explosives walking; car was also equipped with shotguns, using a laser pointer aimed at, it can be to the timing device and detonating explosive devices to destroy; some robot is equipped with high-pressure water gun, you can cut explosives. Germany's EOD robot In France, the Air Force, Army and Police Department have purchased Cybernetics developed TRS200medium-sized companies EOD robot. DM's robots have been developedRM35 Paris Airport Authority selected. German peacekeepers in Bosnia and Herzegovina equipped Telerob team returned the company's MV4 series of robots. Developed by the Shenyang Institute of Automation of China's PXJ-2 robot has joined the ranks of security forces. U.S. Remotec's Andros series of robots were welcomed by national uniformed services, the White House and congressional buildings, police stations have to buy this robot. Before thepresidential election in South Africa, the police bought a four AndrosVIA robots, they are in the electoral process carried out in a total of 100 multiple tasks. Andros robot can be used for small-scale random explosive ordnance disposal, it is the U.S. Air Force aircraft and passenger cars for use only robots. After the Gulf War, the U.S. Navy has used such a robot in Saudi Arabia and Kuwait Air Force Base in clearing mines and unexploded ordnance. U.S. Air Force also sent five sets Andros robot to Kosovo, for the clean-up of explosives and sub-shells. Each active duty Air Force explosives disposal team and air rescue centers are equipped with a Andros VI. EOD robot developed in China EOD robot can not only rule out the bombs, reconnaissance sensors can also use it to monitor the activities of criminals. Surveillance personnel in the far right criminals day and night to observe, listen to their conversation, do not expose themselves very well could be right. In early 1993, in the United States occurred in Waco estate lesson plans, in order to get the activities of the Puritans who, the FBI used two kinds of robots. One is Remotec's AndrosVA type and Andros MarkVIA-type robot, the other is developed by RST company STV robots. STV is a six remote control cars, using radio and cable communications. On board can be raised to a 45-meter bracket, the above three-dimensional with color camera, day-optic sight, night vision sights, binaural audio detectors, chemical detectors, satellite positioning systems, target tracking using The forward-looking infrared sensors. The car takes only one operator, remote control distance of 10 kilometers. During the operation, sent out three sets STV, the operator remote control robot moving to a place 548 meters away from the manor to stop, the car bracket raised the use of video cameras and infrared detecto rs to the window spying, FBI officials were observed around the screen back to the image sensor, the activities of the house can be seen clearly.6.3 civil robotRobot commandThird, civil robot Robot command In fact, people do not want to the robot is not a complete definition, since the robot from the date of the birth of people will continue to try to explain what a robot in the end. But with the rapid development of robot technology and information era, the robot covers the contents of the increasingly rich and constantly enrich the definition of robot and innovation. 1886, French writer Lier Ya When his novel "Future Eve" will look like a person's machine named "Andeluoding" (android), It consists of。
机器人外文翻译(文献翻译-中英文翻译)
外文翻译外文资料：RobotsFirst, I explain the background robots, robot technology development. It should be said it is a common scientific and technological development of a comprehensive results, for the socio-economic development of a significant impact on a science and technology. It attributed the development of all countries in the Second World War to strengthen the economic input on strengthening the country's economic development. But they also demand the development of the productive forces the inevitable result of human development itself is the inevitable result then with the development of humanity, people constantly discuss the natural process, in understanding and reconstructing the natural process, people need to be able to liberate a slave. So this is the slave people to be able to replace the complex and engaged in heavy manual labor, People do not realize right up to the world's understanding and transformation of this technology as well as people in the development process of an objective need. Robots are three stages of development, in other words, we are accustomed to regarding robots are divided into three categories. is a first-generation robots, also known as teach-type robot, it is through a computer, to control over one of a mechanical degrees of freedom Through teaching and information stored procedures, working hours to read out information, and then issued a directive so the robot can repeat according to the people at that time said the results show this kind of movement again, For example, the car spot welding robots, only to put this spot welding process, after teaching, and it is always a repeat of a work It has the external environment is no perception that the force manipulation of the size of the work piece there does not exist, welding 0S It does not know, then this fact from the first generation robot, it will exist this shortcoming, it in the 20th century, the late 1970s, people started to study the second-generation robot, called Robot with the feeling that This feeling with the robot is similar in function of a certain feeling, forinstance, force and touch, slipping, visual, hearing and who is analogous to that with all kinds of feelings, say in a robot grasping objects, In fact, it can be the size of feeling out, it can through visual, to be able to feel and identify its shape, size, color Grasping an egg, it adopted a acumen, aware of its power and the size of the slide. Third-generation robots, we were a robotics ideal pursued by the most advanced stage, called intelligent robots, So long as tell it what to do, not how to tell it to do, it will be able to complete the campaign, thinking and perception of this man-machine communication function and function Well, this current development or relative is in a smart part of the concept and meaning But the real significance of the integrity of this intelligent robot did not actually exist, but as we continued the development of science and technology, the concept of intelligent increasingly rich, it grows ever wider connotations.Now, I would like to briefly outline some of the industrial robot situation. So far, the industrial robot is the most mature and widely used category of a robot, now the world's total sales of 1.1 million Taiwan, which is the 1999 statistics, however, 1.1 million in Taiwan have been using the equipment is 75 million, this volume is not small. Overall, the Japanese industrial robots in this one, is the first of the robots to become the Kingdom, the United States have developed rapidly. Newly installed in several areas of Taiwan, which already exceeds Japan, China has only just begun to enter the stage of industrialization, has developed a variety of industrial robot prototype and small batch has been used in production.Spot welding robot is the auto production line, improve production efficiency and raise the quality of welding car, reduce the labor intensity of a robot. It is characterized by two pairs of robots for spot welding of steel plate, bearing a great need for the welding tongs, general in dozens of kilograms or more, then its speed in meters per second a 5-2 meter of such high-speed movement. So it is generally five to six degrees of freedom, load 30 to 120 kilograms, the great space, probably expected that the work of a spherical space, a high velocity, the concept of freedom, that is to say, Movement is relatively independent of the number of components, the equivalent of our body, waist is a rotary degree of freedom We have to be able to hold his arm, Arm can be bent, then this three degrees of freedom, Meanwhile there is a wristposture adjustment to the use of the three autonomy, the general robot has six degrees of freedom. We will be able to space the three locations, three postures, the robot fully achieved, and of course we have less than six degrees of freedom. Have more than six degrees of freedom robot, in different occasions the need to configure.The second category of service robots, with the development of industrialization, especially in the past decade, Robot development in the areas of application are continuously expanding, and now a very important characteristic, as we all know, Robot has gradually shifted from manufacturing to non-manufacturing and service industries, we are talking about the car manufacturer belonging to the manufacturing industry, However, the services sector including cleaning, refueling, rescue, rescue, relief, etc. These belong to the non-manufacturing industries and service industries, so here is compared with the industrial robot, it is a very important difference. It is primarily a mobile platform, it can move to sports, there are some arms operate, also installed some as a force sensor and visual sensors, ultrasonic ranging sensors, etc. It’s surrounding environment for the conduct of identification, to determine its campaign to complete some work, this is service robot’s one of the basic characteristics.For example, domestic robot is mainly embodied in the example of some of the carpets and flooring it to the regular cleaning and vacuuming. The robot it is very meaningful, it has sensors, it can furniture and people can identify, It automatically according to a law put to the ground under the road all cleaned up. This is also the home of some robot performance.The medical robots, nearly five years of relatively rapid development of new application areas. If people in the course of an operation, doctors surgery, is a fatigue, and the other manually operated accuracy is limited. Some universities in Germany, which, facing the spine, lumbar disc disease, the identification, can automatically use the robot-aided positioning, operation and surgery Like the United States have been more than 1,000 cases of human eyeball robot surgery, the robot, also including remote-controlled approach, the right of such gastrointestinal surgery, we see on the television inside. a manipulator, about the thickness fingers such a manipulator, inserted through the abdominal viscera, people on the screen operating the machines hand, it also used the method of laser lesion laser treatment, this is the case, peoplewould not have a very big damage to the human body.In reality, this right as a human liberation is a very good robots, medical robots it is very complex, while it is fully automated to complete all the work, there are difficulties, and generally are people to participate. This is America, the development of such a surgery Lin Bai an example, through the screen, through a remote control operator to control another manipulator, through the realization of the right abdominal surgery A few years ago our country the exhibition, the United States has been successful in achieving the right to the heart valve surgery and bypass surgery. This robot has in the area, caused a great sensation, but also, AESOP's surgical robot, In fact, it through some equipment to some of the lesions inspections, through a manipulator can be achieved on some parts of the operation Also including remotely operated manipulator, and many doctors are able to participate in the robot under surgery Robot doctor to include doctors with pliers, tweezers or a knife to replace the nurses, while lighting automatically to the doctor's movements linked, the doctor hands off, lighting went off, This is very good, a doctor's assistant.Robot is mankind's right-hand man; friendly coexistence can be a reliable friend. In future, we will see and there will be a robot space inside, as a mutual aide and friend. Robots will create the jobs issue. We believe that there would not be a "robot appointment of workers being laid off" situation, because people with the development of society, In fact the people from the heavy physical and dangerous environment liberated, so that people have a better position to work, to create a better spiritual wealth and cultural wealth.译文资料：机器人首先我介绍一下机器人产生的背景，机器人技术的发展，它应该说是一个科学技术发展共同的一个综合性的结果，同时，为社会经济发展产生了一个重大影响的一门科学技术，它的发展归功于在第二次世界大战中各国加强了经济的投入，就加强了本国的经济的发展。
智能机器人2
智能机器人2智能机器人（Artificial Intelligence Robot）是指能够模拟人类智能水平，并能够执行各种任务的机器人。
智能机器人2是在智能机器人1的基础上进行了进一步的发展和升级，具备了更加强大的智能和功能。
本文将介绍智能机器人2的各项特点和应用领域。
一、智能机器人2的技术进步智能机器人2采用了最新的人工智能技术和机器学习算法，具备了更强大的自主学习和自适应能力。
机器人可以通过不断与环境的交互学习，提高自身的智能水平，并能够根据任务的要求作出相应的决策。
此外，智能机器人2还具备了更加先进的感知技术，能够更准确地识别和理解周围的环境。
二、智能机器人2的应用领域1. 工业制造：智能机器人2可以在工厂生产线上执行各种操作，如搬运、装配和焊接等。
由于具备了更高的智能水平和更强大的感知能力，机器人可以在复杂的工作环境中完成任务，提高生产效率并降低工人的劳动强度。
2. 医疗卫生：智能机器人2可以在医院扮演护士的角色，通过与患者交流，提供基本的医疗服务和照顾，如测量体温、输液和病情监测等。
此外，机器人还能够在手术过程中辅助医生完成手术操作，提高手术的精确性和安全性。
3. 教育领域：智能机器人2可以作为辅助教育工具，与学生进行互动交流，提供个性化的学习指导和答疑解惑。
通过机器学习算法，机器人能够根据学生的学习情况和需求，提供相应的教学资源和建议，提高学习效果。
4. 家庭服务：智能机器人2可以在家庭中扮演家政服务员的角色，执行各种日常家务任务，如扫地、洗衣、做饭等。
机器人能够根据家庭成员的需求和喜好，提供个性化的服务，并能够通过学习不断优化和改进自己的工作效率。
5. 农业领域：智能机器人2可以在农田中执行各种农业操作，如播种、除草和收割等。
机器人可以通过感知环境的能力，根据作物的生长情况和需求，进行精确的农业管理和作物保护，提高农业生产效益。
三、智能机器人2的发展前景随着人工智能技术的不断发展和应用，智能机器人的市场需求将持续增长。
人工智能：构建智能机器人的基础知识和技术
人工智能：构建智能机器人的基础知识和技术人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，简称AI）指的是一种模拟人类智能的技术和系统。
智能机器人是一种应用了人工智能技术的机械设备，拥有感知、认知、学习和决策能力，能够在特定环境中执行任务。
以下是构建智能机器人的基础知识和技术。
1.机器视觉（Computer Vision）：机器视觉是智能机器人感知环境的基础。
通过使用相机和传感器，智能机器人能够获得图像和视频数据，并利用图像处理和模式识别技术，识别和理解图像中的对象、人脸、文字等信息，从而获取环境信息。
2.语音识别（Speech Recognition）：语音识别是智能机器人理解人类语言的关键技术。
通过使用麦克风和语音处理算法，智能机器人能够将人类语音转换为文本，以便理解人类的指令和对话。
3.自然语言处理（Natural Language Processing，简称NLP）：自然语言处理是智能机器人理解和生成自然语言的技术。
它包括文本分析、语义理解、问答系统等方面，使得机器能够理解人类的语言，并用自然语言与人类进行交互。
4.机器学习（Machine Learning）：机器学习是智能机器人自主学习和改进的核心技术。
通过机器学习算法和大量的训练数据，智能机器人能够自动发现和学习环境中的模式和规律，并根据学习到的知识改进自己的行为和决策。
5.深度学习（Deep Learning）：深度学习是机器学习的一种重要分支，通过模拟人脑神经元网络的结构和工作原理，智能机器人能够进行更加复杂和深入的学习。
深度学习在图像和语音识别等领域取得了重要的突破，为智能机器人提供了更强大的认知能力。
6.运动控制（Motion Control）：运动控制是智能机器人执行任务的关键技术。
通过使用各种传感器（如激光雷达、陀螺仪等）和控制算法，智能机器人能够感知自己在环境中的位置和姿态，并控制自己的动作和移动。
7.决策和规划（Decision Making and Planning）：决策和规划是智能机器人在环境中制定行动计划和做出决策的过程。
智能机器人外文翻译
智能外文翻译智能外文翻译：1、简介智能是一种具备和机械结构的智能设备，可以执行复杂的任务并与人类进行互动。
本文将介绍智能的基本原理、分类以及应用领域。
2、历史发展智能的发展可以追溯到20世纪初，随着计算机技术和机械工程的进步，智能逐渐成为可能。
自动驾驶汽车、智能和工业生产中的等都是智能在不同领域的应用。
3、工作原理智能的工作原理涉及多个学科领域，包括计算机科学、机器学习和机械工程等。
智能通过感知环境、处理信息和执行任务来与周围环境进行交互。
4、分类智能可以根据其功能和应用领域进行分类。
常见的分类包括家庭助方式器人、医疗、工业和军事等。
4.1 家庭助方式器人家庭助方式器人是一种智能，可以帮助处理日常家务，比如打扫房间、做饭和提供娱乐等。
4.2 医疗医疗是一种用于医疗治疗和手术操作的智能设备，可以提高手术的准确性和患者的治疗效果。
4.3 工业工业是在工业生产环节中使用的智能，可以自动执行重复性任务、提高生产效率和质量。
4.4 军事军事是用于军事作战和侦查目的的智能设备，可以替代人类执行危险任务，如拆除炸弹和侦察敌情。
5、应用领域智能的应用领域广泛，涵盖了家庭、医疗、农业、工业和军事等多个领域。
智能的使用可以提高生活质量、提高工作效率和降低人力成本。
6、附件本文档附带的附件包括相关研究论文、案例分析和技术报告等。
7、法律名词及注释7.1 （Artificial Intelligence）：指由机器和计算机程序实现的模拟人类智能的能力。
7.2 机器学习（Machine Learning）：是的一个分支，通过机器学习算法使机器能够根据以往的经验和数据进行学习和自我改进。
7.3 感知（Perception）：智能通过感知技术获取环境信息，例如视觉、听觉和触觉等。
7.4 任务执行（Task Execution）：智能根据输入信息执行特定的任务，例如物体抓取、路径规划和语音识别。
机器人外文文献翻译、中英文翻译
机器⼈外⽂⽂献翻译、中英⽂翻译外⽂资料robotThe industrial robot is a tool that is used in the manufacturing environment to increase productivity. It can be used to do routine and tedious assembly line jobs，or it can perform jobs that might be hazardous to the human worker . For example ，one of the first industrial robot was used to replace the nuclear fuel rods in nuclear power plants. A human doing this job might be exposed to harmful amounts of radiation. The industrial robot can also operate on the assembly line，putting together small components，such as placing electronic components on a printed circuit board. Thus，the human worker can be relieved of the routine operation of this tedious task. Robots can also be programmed to defuse bombs，to serve the handicapped，and to perform functions in numerous applications in our society.The robot can be thought of as a machine that will move an end-of-tool ，sensor ，and/or gripper to a preprogrammed location. When the robot arrives at this location，it will perform some sort of task .This task could bewelding，sealing，machine loading ，machine unloading，or a host of assembly jobs. Generally，this work can be accomplished without the involvement of a human being，except for programming and for turning the system on and off. The basic terminology of robotic systems is introduced in the following:1. A robot is a reprogrammable ，multifunctional manipulator designed to move parts，material，tool，or special devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of different task. This basic definition leads to other definitions，presented in the following paragraphs，that give acomplete picture of a robotic system.2. Preprogrammed locations are paths that the robot must follow to accomplish work，At some of these locations，the robot will stop and perform some operation ，such as assembly of parts，spray painting ，or welding .These preprogrammed locations are stored in the robot’s memory and are recalled later for continuousoperation.Furthermore，these preprogrammed locations，as well as other program data，can be changed later as the work requirements change.Thus，with regard to this programming feature，an industrial robot is very much like a computer，where data can be stoned and later recalled and edited.3. The manipulator is the arm of the robot .It allows the robot to bend，reach，and twist.This movement is provided by the manipulator’s axes，also called the degrees of freedom of the robot .A robot can have from 3 to 16 axes.The term degrees of freedom will always relate to the number of axes found on a robot.4. The tooling and frippers are not part the robotic system itself;rather，they are attachments that fit on the end of the robot’s arm. These attachments connected to the end of the robot’s arm allow the robot to lift parts，spot-weld ，paint，arc-weld，drill，deburr，and do a variety of tasks，depending on what is required of the robot.5. The robotic system can control the work cell of the operating robot.The work cell of the robot is the total environment in which the robot must perform itstask.Included within this cell may be the controller ，the robot manipulator ，a work table ，safety features，or a conveyor.All the equipment that is required in order for the robot to do its job is included in the work cell .In addition，signals from outside devices can communicate with the robot to tell the robot when it should parts，pick up parts，or unload parts to a conveyor.The robotic system has three basic components: the manipulator，the controller，and the power source.A.ManipulatorThe manipulator ，which does the physical work of the robotic system，consists of two sections:the mechanical section and the attached appendage.The manipulator also has a base to which the appendages are attached.Fig.1 illustrates the connectionof the base and the appendage of a robot.图1.Basic components of a robot’s manipulatorThe base of the manipulator is usually fixed to the floor of the work area. Sometimes，though，the base may be movable. In this case，the base is attached to either a rail or a track，allowing the manipulator to be moved from one location to anther.As mentioned previously ，the appendage extends from the base of the robot. The appendage is the arm of the robot. It can be either a straight ，movable arm or a jointed arm. The jointed arm is also known as an articulated arm.The appendages of the robot manipulator give the manipulator its various axes of motion. These axes are attached to a fixed base ，which，in turn，is secured to a mounting. This mounting ensures that the manipulator will in one location.At the end of the arm ，a wrist（see Fig 2）is connected. The wrist is made up of additional axes and a wrist flange. The wrist flange allows the robot user to connect different tooling to the wrist for different jobs.图2.Elements of a work cell from the topThe manipulator’s axes allow it to perform work within a certain area. The area is called the work cell of the robot ，and its size corresponds to the size of the manipulator.（Fid2）illustrates the work cell of a typical assembly ro bot.As the robot’s physical size increases，the size of the work cell must also increase.The movement of the manipulator is controlled by actuator，or drive systems.The actuator，or drive systems，allows the various axes to move within the work cell. The drive system can use electric，hydraulic，or pneumatic power.The energy developed by the drive system is converted to mechanical power by various mechanical power systems.The drive systems are coupled through mechanical linkages.These linkages，in turn，drive the different axes of the robot.The mechanical linkages may be composed of chain，gear，and ball screws.B.ControllerThe controller in the robotic system is the heart of the operation .The controller stores preprogrammed information for later recall，controls peripheral devices，and communicates with computers within the plant for constant updates in production. The controller is used to control the robot manipulator’s movements as well as to control peripheral components within the work cell. The user can program the movements of the manipulator into the controller through the use of a hard-held teach pendant.This information is stored in the memory of the controller for later recall.The controller stores all program data for the robotic system.It can store several differentprograms，and any of these programs can be edited.The controller is also required to communicate with peripheral equipment within the work cell. For example，the controller has an input line that identifies when a machining operation is completed.When the machine cycle is completed，the input line turn on telling the controller to position the manipulator so that it can pick up the finished part.Then ，a new part is picked up by the manipulator and placed into the machine.Next，the controller signals the machine to start operation.The controller can be made from mechanically operated drums that step through a sequence of events.This type of controller operates with a very simple robotic system.The controllers found on the majority of robotic systems are more complex devices and represent state-of-the-art eletronoics.That is，they are microprocessor-operated.these microprocessors are either 8-bit，16-bit，or 32-bit processors.this power allows the controller to be very flexible in its operation.The controller can send electric signals over communication lines that allow it to talk with the various axes of the manipulator. This two-way communication between the robot manipulator and the controller maintains a constant update of the end the operation of the system.The controller also controls any tooling placed on the end of the robot’s wrist.The controller also has the job of communicating with the different plant computers. The communication link establishes the robot as part a computer-assisted manufacturing （CAM）system.As the basic definition stated，the robot is a reprogrammable，multifunctional manipulator.Therefore，the controller must contain some of memory stage. The microprocessor-based systems operates in conjunction with solid-state devices.These memory devices may be magnetic bubbles，random-access memory，floppy disks，or magnetic tape.Each memory storage device stores program information fir or for editing.C.power supplyThe power supply is the unit that supplies power to the controller and the manipulator. The type of power are delivered to the robotic system. One type of power is the AC power for operation of the controller. The other type of power isused for driving the various axes of the manipulator. For example，if the robot manipulator is controlled by hydraulic or pneumatic drives，control signals are sent to these devices causing motion of the robot.For each robotic system，power is required to operate the manipulator .This power can be developed from either a hydraulic power source，a pneumatic power source，or an electric power source.There power sources are part of the total components of the robotic work cell.中⽂翻译机器⼈⼯业机器⼈是在⽣产环境中⽤以提⾼⽣产效率的⼯具，它能做常规乏味的装配线⼯作，或能做那些对于⼯⼈来说是危险的⼯作，例如，第⼀代⼯业机器⼈是⽤来在核电站中更换核燃料棒，如果⼈去做这项⼯作，将会遭受有害放射线的辐射。
机器人外文翻译(中英文翻译)
机器人外文翻译(中英文翻译)机器人外文翻译(中英文翻译)With the rapid development of technology, the use of robots has become increasingly prevalent in various industries. Robots are now commonly employed to perform tasks that are dangerous, repetitive, or require a high level of precision. However, in order for robots to effectively communicate with humans and fulfill their intended functions, accurate translation between different languages is crucial. In this article, we will explore the importance of machine translation in enabling robots to perform translation tasks, as well as discuss current advancements and challenges in this field.1. IntroductionMachine translation refers to the use of computer algorithms to automatically translate text or speech from one language to another. The ultimate goal of machine translation is to produce translations that are as accurate and natural as those generated by human translators. In the context of robots, machine translation plays a vital role in allowing them to understand and respond to human commands, as well as facilitating communication between robots of different origins.2. Advancements in Machine TranslationThe field of machine translation has experienced significant advancements in recent years, thanks to breakthroughs in artificial intelligence and deep learning. These advancements have led to the development of neural machine translation (NMT) systems, which have greatly improved translation quality. NMT models operate by analyzinglarge amounts of bilingual data, allowing them to learn the syntactic and semantic structures of different languages. As a result, NMT systems are capable of providing more accurate translations compared to traditional rule-based or statistical machine translation approaches.3. Challenges in Machine Translation for RobotsAlthough the advancements in machine translation have greatly improved translation quality, there are still challenges that need to be addressed when applying machine translation to robots. One prominent challenge is the variability of language use, including slang, idioms, and cultural references. These nuances can pose difficulties for machine translation systems, as they often require a deep understanding of the context and cultural background. Researchers are currently working on developing techniques to enhance the ability of machine translation systems to handle such linguistic variations.Another challenge is the real-time requirement of translation in a robotic setting. Robots often need to process and translate information on the fly, and any delay in translation can affect the overall performance and efficiency of the robot. Optimizing translation speed without sacrificing translation quality is an ongoing challenge for researchers in the field.4. Applications of Robot TranslationThe ability for robots to translate languages opens up a wide range of applications in various industries. One application is in the field of customer service, where robots can assist customers in multiple languages, providing support and information. Another application is in healthcare settings, where robots can act as interpreters between healthcare professionals and patientswho may speak different languages. Moreover, in international business and diplomacy, robots equipped with translation capabilities can bridge language barriers and facilitate effective communication between parties.5. ConclusionIn conclusion, machine translation plays a crucial role in enabling robots to effectively communicate with humans and fulfill their intended functions. The advancements in neural machine translation have greatly improved translation quality, but challenges such as language variability and real-time translation requirements still exist. With continuous research and innovation, the future of machine translation for robots holds great potential in various industries, revolutionizing the way we communicate and interact with technology.。
智能机器人翻译器的说明书
智能机器人翻译器的说明书1.简介智能机器人翻译器是一款先进的语言翻译工具，采用最新的人工智能技术，为您提供高效准确的语言翻译服务。
本说明书将详细介绍智能机器人翻译器的功能及使用方法，以帮助您更好地使用该产品。
2.功能介绍2.1.语言识别功能智能机器人翻译器内置强大的语音识别功能，能够自动识别您输入的语言并将其转化为目标语言。
无论您说的是英语、汉语还是其他语种，智能翻译器都能够准确识别并展示相应的翻译结果。
2.2.多语言翻译功能智能机器人翻译器支持多种主流语言间的翻译，包括但不限于英语、汉语、法语、德语、日语、西班牙语等。
您只需将待翻译的语句输入翻译器，并选择目标语言，即可获得高质量、准确的翻译结果。
2.3.实时翻译功能智能机器人翻译器具备实时翻译的特点，它能够迅速将您的语音或文字输入转化为目标语言，使您能够实时地进行交流、沟通或阅读外文资料，大大提升您的工作效率和生活质量。
2.4.离线翻译功能智能机器人翻译器支持离线翻译，您可以下载相应语言的离线包，即使在没有网络的情况下，也能够使用翻译功能，方便您在旅行或偏远地区使用。
2.5.语音输入与文字输入功能智能机器人翻译器支持语音输入和文字输入两种方式，方便用户根据实际需求选择合适的输入方式。
只需按住语音按钮进行语音输入或者通过键盘输入文字，即可轻松完成语言翻译。
3.使用方法3.1.语音输入方式步骤1：打开智能机器人翻译器，并确保设备连接到网络。
步骤2：点击语音输入按钮，开始语音输入。
步骤3：说出您想要翻译的语句。
步骤4：松开按钮，翻译器会迅速显示出翻译结果。
3.2.文字输入方式步骤1：打开智能机器人翻译器，并确保设备连接到网络。
步骤2：选择输入框，并通过键盘输入待翻译的文字。
步骤3：点击翻译按钮，翻译器会迅速显示出翻译结果。
4.注意事项4.1.确保网络连接稳定智能机器人翻译器需要连接网络才能提供准确的翻译结果，请确保设备连接的网络稳定，并且网络延迟较低，以免影响翻译质量。
外文翻译--机器人技术简介
Introduction to robotics technologyIn the manufacturing field, robot development has focused on engineering robotic arms that perform manufacturing processes. In the space industry, robotics focuses on highly specialized, one-of-kind planetary rovers. Unlike a highly automated manufacturing plant, a planetary rover operating on the dark side of the moon -- without radio communication -- might run into unexpected situations. At a minimum, a planetary rover must have some source of sensory input, some way of interpreting that input, and a way of modifying its actions to respond to a changing world. Furthermore, the need to sense and adapt to a partially unknown environment requires intelligence (in other words, artificial intelligence).Mechanical platforms -- the hardware baseA robot consists of two main parts: the robot body and some form of artificial intelligence (AI) system. Many different body parts can be called a robot. Articulated arms are used in welding and painting; gantry and conveyor systems move parts in factories; and giant robotic machines move earth deep inside mines. One of the most interesting aspects of robots in general is their behavior, which requires a form of intelligence. The simplest behavior of a robot is locomotion. Typically, wheels are used as the underlying mechanism to make a robot move from one point to the next. And some force such as electricity is required to make the wheels turn under command.MotorsA variety of electric motors provide power to robots, allowing them to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices with variousprogrammed motions. The efficiency rating of a motor describes how much of the electricity consumed is converted to mechanical energy. Let's take a look at some of the mechanical devices that are currently being used in modern robotics technology.Driving mechanismsGears and chains:Gears and chains are mechanical platforms that provide a strong and accurate way to transmit rotary motion from one place to another, possibly changing it along the way. The speed change between two gears depends upon the number of teeth on each gear. When a powered gear goes through a full rotation, it pulls the chain by the number of teeth on that gear.Pulleys and belts:Pulleys and belts, two other types of mechanical platforms used in robots, work the same way as gears and chains. Pulleys are wheels with a groove around the edge, and belts are the rubber loops that fit in that groove.Gearboxes:A gearbox operates on the same principles as the gear and chain, without the chain. Gearboxes require closer tolerances, since instead of using a large loose chain to transfer force and adjust for misalignments, the gears mesh directly with each other. Examples of gearboxes can be found on the transmission in a car, the timing mechanism in a grandfather clock, and the paper-feed of your printer.Power suppliesPower supplies are generally provided by two types of battery. Primary batteries are used once and then discarded; secondary batteries operate from a (mostly) reversible chemical reaction and can be recharged several times. Primary batteries have higher density and a lower self-dischargerate. Secondary (rechargeable) batteries have less energy than primary batteries, but can be recharged up to a thousand times depending on their chemistry and environment. Typically the first use of a rechargeable battery gives 4 hours of continuous operation in an application or robot.SensorsRobots react according to a basic temporal measurement, requiring different kinds of sensors.In most systems a sense of time is built-in through the circuits and programming. For this to be productive in practice, a robot has to have perceptual hardware and software, which updates quickly. Regardless of sensor hardware or software, sensing and sensors can be thought of as interacting with external events (in other words, the outside world). The sensor measures some attribute of the world. The term transducer is often used interchangeably with sensor. A transducer is the mechanism, or element, of the sensor that transforms the energy associated with what is being measured into another form of energy. A sensor receives energy and transmits a signal to a display or computer. Sensors use transducers to change the input signal (sound, light, pressure, temperature, etc.) into an analog or digital form capable of being used by a robot.Microcontroller systemsMicrocontrollers (MCUs) are intelligent electronic devices used inside robots. They deliver functions similar to those performed by a microprocessor (central processing unit, or CPU) inside a personal computer. MCUs are slower and can address less memory than CPUs, but are designed for real-world control problems. One of the major differences between CPUs and MCUs is the number of external components needed tooperate them. MCUs can often run with zero external parts, and typically need only an external crystal or oscillator.Utilities and toolsROBOOP (A robotics object oriented package in C++):This package is an object-oriented toolbox in C++ for robotics simulation. Technical references and downloads are provided in the Resources.CORBA: A real-time communications and object request broker software package for embedding distributed software agents. Each independent piece of software registers itself and its capabilities to the ORB, by means of an IDL (Interface Definition Language). Visit their Web site (see Resources) for technical information, downloads, and documentation for CORBA.TANGO/TACO:This software might be useful for controlling a robotics system with multiple devices and tools. TANGO is an object oriented control system based on CORBA. Device servers can be written in C++ or Java. TACO is object oriented because it treats all(physical and logical) control points in a control system as objects in a distributed environment. All actions are implemented in classes. New classes can be constructed out of existing classes in a hierarchical manner, thereby ensuring a high level of software reuse. Classes can be written in C++, in C (using a methodology called Objects in C), in Python or in LabView (using the G programming language).ControllersTask Control Architecture: The Task Control Architecture (TCA) simplifies building task-level control systems for mobile robots. "Task-level" refers to the integration and coordination of perception, planning, andreal time control to achieve a given set of goals (tasks). TCA provides a general control framework, and is intended to control a wide variety of robots. TCA provides a high-level machine-independent method for passing messages between distributed machines (including between Lisp and C processes). TCA provides control functions, such as task decomposition, monitoring, and resource management, that are common to many mobile robot applications. The Resources section provides technical references and download information for Task Control Architecture.EMC (Enhanced Machine Controller): The EMC software is based on the NIST Real time Control System (RCS) methodology, and is programmed using the NIST RCS Library. The RCS Library eases the porting of controller code to a variety of UNIX and Microsoft platforms, providing a neutral application programming interface (API) to operating system resources such as shared memory, semaphores and timers. The EMC software is written in C and C++, and has been ported to the PC Linux, Windows NT, and Sun Solaris operating systems.Darwin2K: Darwin2K is a free, open source toolkit for robot simulation and automated design. It features numerous simulation capabilities and an evolutionary algorithm capable of automatically synthesizing and optimizing robot designs to meet task-specific performance objectives.LanguagesRoboML (Robotic Markup Language): RoboML is used for standardized representation of robotics-related data. It is designed to support communication language between human-robot interface agents, as well as between robot-hosted processes and between interface processes, and to provide a format for archived data used by human-robot interface agents.ROSSUM: A programming and simulation environment for mobile robots. The Rossum Project is an attempt to help collect, develop, and distribute software for robotics applications. The Rossum Project hopes to extend the same kind of collaboration to the development of robotic software.XRCL (Extensible Robot Control Language): XRCL (pronounced zircle) is a relatively simple, modern language and environment designed to allow robotics researchers to share ideas by sharing code. It is an open source project, protected by the GNU Copyleft.SummaryThe field of robotics has created a large class of robots with basic physical and navigational competencies. At the same time, society has begun to move towards incorporating robots into everyday life, from entertainment to health care. Moreover, robots could free a large number of people from hazardous situations, essentially allowing them to be used as replacements for human beings. Many of the applications being pursued by AI robotics researchers are already fulfilling that potential. In addition, robots can be used for more commonplace tasks such as janitorial work. Whereas robots were initially developed for dirty, dull, and dangerous applications, they are now being considered as personal assistants. Regardless of application, robots will require more rather than less intelligence, and will thereby have a significant impact on our society in the future as technology expands to new horizons.外文出处:Robotic technology / edited by A. Pugh./P. Peregrinus, c1993.附件1：外文资料翻译译文机器人技术简介在制造业领域，机器人的开发集中在执行制造过程的工程机器人手臂上。
人工智能语言翻译技术的工作原理
人工智能语言翻译技术的工作原理随着全球化和国际化的不断发展，越来越多的人开始使用全球通用语言进行交流，例如英语。
但是，不同国家和地区使用的语言不同，语言障碍也成为了限制人与人交流的一个主要因素。
因此，开发一种能够实现语言翻译的人工智能工具成为许多科技公司的关注点之一。
本文将介绍人工智能语言翻译技术的工作原理，包括机器翻译的核心技术、计算机语言识别和自然语言生成等方面。
一、机器翻译的核心技术机器翻译（Machine Translation，MT）是一种将一种语言的文本自动翻译成另一种语言的技术，其基本原理是将源语言的文本转换为目标语言的文本，这种翻译过程需要通过两个重要的技术，即计算机语言识别和自然语言生成。
1.计算机语言识别计算机语言识别是机器翻译的基础，其主要过程是将源语言的文本转换为计算机可以处理的形式。
具体而言，就是将源语言的文本转换为一系列的数字或符号组成的码流以用于计算和处理。
计算机语言识别包括两个核心技术，即自然语言处理和语音识别技术。
自然语言处理技术是将源语言的文本进行分词、词性标注、句法分析等处理，有利于计算机更好地理解源语言的语义和语法结构，从而实现更准确的翻译。
通过自然语言处理技术，翻译系统可以对输入的源语言文本进行分析和识别，并将其转换为可处理的形式。
语音识别技术则是将人类语言转换为计算机可以识别的语音信号，这个过程包括信号分析、特征提取、语音识别等3个主要步骤。
通过语音识别技术，人们可以直接向计算机输入源语言文本而无需键盘输入，从而提高了机器翻译的效率。
2.自然语言生成自然语言生成是机器翻译另一个重要的技术，其主要目的是将目标语言的码流转换成自然语言的文本。
在将机器翻译的码流转换为目标语言文本时，需要根据词汇和语法规则生成符合目标语言习惯的语句，因此自然语言生成技术也是至关重要的。
自然语言生成技术主要基于自然语言处理技术，其主要过程是将目标语言的编码流转化为语言符号，然后通过规则或模型实现语句的生成。
人工智能机器翻译
人工智能机器翻译在过去的几十年中，人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，简称AI）的发展取得了巨大的进展。
其中，机器翻译（Machine Translation）是人工智能领域中的一个重要应用之一。
本文将就人工智能机器翻译的概念、原理、发展及应用进行阐述。
一、人工智能机器翻译概述人工智能机器翻译是指利用计算机技术和自然语言处理技术，通过模拟人类翻译过程，将一种自然语言的内容自动转换成另一种自然语言的过程。
机器翻译的目标是实现不同语种之间的自动翻译，以提高翻译效率和质量。
二、人工智能机器翻译原理人工智能机器翻译的原理主要包括语言模型、翻译模型和解码器。
语言模型是对输入语言和输出语言的概率模型；翻译模型是通过统计学习方法训练得到的翻译规则和翻译概率；解码器则根据输入文本和已经训练好的翻译模型，通过搜索和评估不同的翻译假设，选择翻译结果。
三、人工智能机器翻译的发展历程人工智能机器翻译的发展始于20世纪50年代，起初仅依靠规则和词典进行翻译。
到了20世纪80年代，引入了统计机器翻译方法，通过大量的平行语料库进行训练，提高了翻译质量。
随着深度学习技术的提出，神经网络机器翻译逐渐兴起，有效解决了词序和长距离依赖等问题。
当前，人工智能机器翻译正朝着更加准确、快速、自动化的方向不断发展。
四、人工智能机器翻译的应用领域人工智能机器翻译已经广泛应用于各个领域。
首先，在互联网和移动互联网时代，机器翻译可以帮助用户快速翻译各种文本，如网页、社交媒体内容、电子邮件等。
其次，在跨国企业和国际会议中，机器翻译可以便捷地进行多语种交流和沟通。
再次，在科学研究和学术交流中，机器翻译可以加速信息传播和知识交流的速度。
五、人工智能机器翻译的挑战与未来展望虽然人工智能机器翻译取得了一系列重要的研究进展和应用成果，但仍面临一些挑战。
例如，语言的歧义性、多义性和复杂性仍然是制约翻译质量的主要问题之一。
此外，不同语种之间的语法、词汇和文化差异也对机器翻译提出了更高的要求。
智能机器人外文翻译
RobotRobot is a type of mechantronics equipment which synthesizes the last research achievement of engine and precision engine, micro-electronics and computer, automation control and drive, sensor and message dispose and artificial intelligence and so on. With the development of economic and the demand for automation control, robot technology is developed quickly and all types of the robots products are come into being. The practicality use of robot products not only solves the problems which are difficult to operate for human being, but also advances the industrial automation program. At present, the research and development of robot involves several kinds of technology and the robot system configuration is so complex that the cost at large is high which to a certain extent limit the robot abroad use. To development economic practicality and high reliability robot system will be value to robot social application and economy development.With the rapid progress with the control economy and expanding of the modern cities, the let of sewage is increasing quickly: With the development of modern technology and the enhancement of consciousness about environment reserve, more and more people realized the importance and urgent of sewage disposal. Active bacteria method is an effective technique for sewage disposal，The lacunaris plastic is an effective basement for active bacteria adhesion for sewage disposal. The abundance requirement for lacunaris plastic makes it is a consequent for the plastic producing with automation and high productivity. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a manipulator that can automatically fulfill the plastic holding.With the analysis of the problems in the design of the plastic holding manipulator and synthesizing the robot research and development condition in recent years, a economic scheme is concluded on the basis of the analysis of mechanical configuration, transform system, drive device and control system and guided by the idea of the characteristic and complex of mechanical configuration, electronic, software and hardware. In this article, the mechanical configuration combines the character of direction coordinate and the arthrosis coordinate which can improve the stability and operation flexibility of the system. The main function of the transmission mechanism is to transmit power to implement department and complete the necessary movement. In this transmission structure, the screw transmission mechanism transmits the rotary motion into linear motion. Worm gear can give vary transmissionratio. Both of the transmission mechanisms have a characteristic of compact structure. The design of drive system often is limited by the environment condition and the factor of cost and technical lever. 'The step motor can receive digital signal directly and has the ability to response outer environment immediately and has no accumulation error, which often is used in driving system. In this driving system, open-loop control system is composed of stepping motor, which can satisfy the demand not only for control precision but also for the target of economic and practicality. on this basis, the analysis of stepping motor in power calculating and style selecting is also given.The analysis of kinematics and dynamics for object holding manipulator is given in completing the design of mechanical structure and drive system. Kinematics analysis is the basis of path programming and track control. The positive and reverse analysis of manipulator gives the relationship between manipulator space and drive sp ace in position and speed. The relationship between manipulator’s tip position and arthrosis angles is concluded by coordinate transform method. The geometry method is used in solving inverse kinematics problem and the result will provide theory evidence for control system. The f0unction of dynamics is to get the relationship between the movement and force and the target is to satisfy the demand of real time control. in this chamfer, Newton-Euripides method is used in analysis dynamic problem of the cleaning robot and the arthrosis force and torque are given which provide the foundation for step motor selecting and structure dynamic optimal ting.Control system is the key and core part of the object holding manipulator system design which will direct effect the reliability and practicality of the robot system in the division of configuration and control function and also will effect or limit the development cost and cycle. With the demand of the PCL-839 card, the PC computer which has a. tight structure and is easy to be extended is used as the principal computer cell and takes the function of system initialization, data operation and dispose, step motor drive and error diagnose and so on. A t the same time, the configuration structure features, task principles and the position function with high precision of the control card PCL-839 are analyzed. Hardware is the matter foundation of the control. System and the software is the spirit of the control system. The target of the software is to combine all the parts in optimizing style and to improve the efficiency and reliability of the control system. The software design of the object holding manipulator control system is divided into several blocks such assystem initialization block, data process block and error station detect and dispose model and so on. PCL-839 card can solve the communication between the main computer and the control cells and take the measure of reducing the influence of the outer signal to the control system.The start and stop frequency of the step motor is far lower than the maximum running frequency. In order to improve the efficiency of the step motor, the increase and decrease of the speed is must considered when the step motor running in high speed and start or stop with great acceleration. The increase and decrease of the motor’s speed can be controlled by the pulse frequency sent to the step motor drive with a rational method. This can be implemented either by hardware or by software. A step motor shift control method is proposed, which is simple to calculate, easy to realize and the theory means is straightforward. The motor' s acceleration can fit the torque-frequency curve properly with this method. And the amount of calculation load is less than the linear acceleration shift control method and the method which is based on the exponential rule to change speed. The method is tested by experiment.At last, the research content and the achievement are sum up and the problems and shortages in main the content are also listed. The development and application of robot in the future is expected.机器人机器人是典型的机电一体化装置，它综合运用了机械与精密机械、微电子与计算机、自动控制与驱动、传感器与信息处理以及人工智能等多学科的最新研究成果，随着经济的发展和各行各业对自动化程度要求的提高，机器人技术得到了迅速发展，出现了各种各样的机器人产品。
智能翻译机器人的说明书
智能翻译机器人的说明书一、产品概述智能翻译机器人是一款具备语言识别、翻译和语音合成功能的智能设备。
其主要功能是能够识别输入语言并迅速将其翻译成其他语言输出，同时还能以流畅自然的语音方式进行交流。
二、产品特点1. 多语种翻译：智能翻译机器人支持多种语言的翻译，包括但不限于英语、中文、法语、德语、日语等。
用户可根据需要选择翻译语言，从而满足出行、商务洽谈、学习交流等场景的需求。
2. 实时翻译：智能翻译机器人采用先进的语音识别技术和翻译算法，能够实时将输入语言转化成目标语言，减少沟通障碍，提高交流效率。
3. 高精度翻译：智能翻译机器人借助深度学习和人工智能技术，提供高精度的翻译服务。
它可以智能识别语境，并根据上下文进行准确的翻译，保证信息的完整和准确。
4. 语音交互：智能翻译机器人支持语音交互，用户只需通过语音输入即可获得翻译结果。
同时，机器人还能以流畅自然的语音方式进行回复。
5. 便携易用：智能翻译机器人小巧轻便，携带方便。
用户只需将其放入口袋或包包中，即可随时随地使用。
操作简单易懂，无需额外的设置和连接。
三、使用方法1. 打开机器人开关，并将其与其他设备连接（若需要连接）。
2. 选择输入语言和输出语言：通过机器人的触摸屏或按钮，选择输入语言和目标语言。
机器人会自动识别所选择的语言。
3. 进行语音输入：按住语音输入按钮，朗读您要翻译的内容。
机器人会迅速将其翻译成目标语言并进行语音合成输出。
4. 接收翻译结果：机器人会将翻译结果以语音方式播放出来，您可以听到目标语言的发音。
5. 语音交互：如果需要与机器人进行语音交互，可以直接与其对话。
机器人会根据您的语音输入理解您的意思并进行回应。
四、注意事项1. 请确保翻译机器人与其他设备的连接稳定，以保证语音输入识别和语音输出的准确性。
2. 在使用翻译机器人进行交流时，请保持相对的安静环境，避免噪音干扰语音识别和合成。
3. 如果翻译机器人无法准确识别您的语音输入，请尝试调整音量或用更清晰的语速和语调进行交流。
人工智能机器翻译
人工智能机器翻译在当今信息高速发展的时代，人工智能机器翻译（Artificial Intelligence Machine Translation）正逐渐成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。
人工智能机器翻译利用自然语言处理、机器学习和人工智能等技术，将一种语言的文本自动翻译为另一种语言的文本，有效地打破了语言障碍，为全球交流提供了便利。
一、人工智能机器翻译的背景与发展随着全球化的进展和不同国家之间的交流日益频繁，语言沟通的需求不断增加。
传统的人工翻译虽然能够胜任这一任务，但其速度和效率无法满足快速发展的社会需求，同时面临着成本高昂和人员资源稀缺的问题。
为了解决这些问题，人工智能机器翻译应运而生，逐渐成为替代人工翻译的有力工具。
二、人工智能机器翻译的原理与技术人工智能机器翻译的实现依赖于多种技术，其中包括自然语言处理（Natural Language Processing, NLP）、机器学习（Machine Learning）和神经网络（Neural Network）等。
首先，通过自然语言处理技术对源语言文本和目标语言文本进行分析和处理，提取出语言的语法、句法和语义等信息。
然后，利用机器学习算法，根据大量的已知对应语料库，训练机器翻译模型，使其能够准确地将源语言文本翻译为目标语言文本。
最后，通过神经网络的建模和优化，进一步提升机器翻译的翻译质量和准确性。
三、人工智能机器翻译的优势与挑战相对于传统的人工翻译，人工智能机器翻译具有以下几个显著的优势。
首先，可以实现自动化翻译，节省了人力成本和时间成本。
其次，以大数据为基础，机器翻译模型可以通过不断学习和优化，提高翻译质量和准确性。
此外，人工智能机器翻译可以同时处理多个语言对，提供更广泛的翻译选择。
然而，人工智能机器翻译也面临一些挑战，如处理复杂语言结构、词汇歧义和文化差异等问题仍然存在，导致翻译结果可能存在一定的不准确性。
四、人工智能机器翻译的应用领域人工智能机器翻译广泛应用于各个领域，为跨国公司、政府机关、学术界和个人提供了便利。
人工智能机器翻译技术的使用教程及翻译质量评估
人工智能机器翻译技术的使用教程及翻译质量评估人工智能机器翻译技术的兴起给全球的翻译行业带来了巨大的转变。
传统的人工翻译虽然准确性高，但速度慢且成本高昂。
而人工智能机器翻译技术则能实现快速且效率高的翻译，同时还具备可持续学习和不断进化的能力。
本文将为大家介绍人工智能机器翻译技术的使用教程，包括基本概念、主要应用场景以及翻译质量的评估方法。
一、人工智能机器翻译技术的基本概念1. 人工智能机器翻译技术的定义人工智能机器翻译技术是指利用人工智能技术和机器学习方法，将一种自然语言转换成另一种自然语言的技术。
通过大数据的分析和深度学习的算法，机器翻译系统能够自动翻译文本，并不断学习并改进翻译质量。
2. 机器翻译引擎与术语库机器翻译引擎是机器翻译系统的核心组成部分，它包含了翻译算法和模型。
术语库是存储特定领域术语及其对应翻译的数据库，能够提高机器翻译的准确性和一致性。
用户可以根据需要选择合适的机器翻译引擎和术语库。
二、人工智能机器翻译技术的主要应用场景1. 网页翻译人工智能机器翻译技术可广泛应用于网页翻译，能够帮助用户快速了解和阅读外文网页内容。
用户只需将需要翻译的网页链接输入机器翻译系统，即可获得快速翻译结果。
2. 文档翻译人工智能机器翻译技术还可以应用于文档翻译，将一些日常生活中常见的文档、文件等翻译成其他语言，如证件、说明书等。
用户可以直接将文档上传至机器翻译系统，然后选择相应的语言进行翻译。
3. 实时翻译人工智能机器翻译技术也可以用于实时翻译，如会议翻译、线上教育等场景。
用户只需利用语音输入设备将讲话内容输入机器翻译系统，系统将实时将语音转换为文字并进行翻译。
三、人工智能机器翻译技术的翻译质量评估方法1. BLEU评估BLEU（Bilingual Evaluation Understudy）是一种常用的自动评估方法，通过比较机器翻译结果与参考翻译之间的匹配程度来评估翻译质量。
BLEU 以n-gram的精确匹配率来计算评分，评价简单快速，适用于不同语言对之间的翻译评估。
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RobotRobot is a type of mechantronics equipment which synthesizes the last research achievement of engine and precision engine, micro-electronics and computer, automation control and drive, sensor and message dispose and artificial intelligence and so on. With the development of economic and the demand for automation control, robot technology is developed quickly and all types of the robots products are come into being. The practicality use of robot products not only solves the problems which are difficult to operate for human being, but also advances the industrial automation program. At present, the research and development of robot involves several kinds of technology and the robot system configuration is so complex that the cost at large is high which to a certain extent limit the robot abroad use. To development economic practicality and high reliability robot system will be value to robot social application and economy development.With the rapid progress with the control economy and expanding of the modern cities, the let of sewage is increasing quickly: With the development of modern technology and the enhancement of consciousness about environment reserve, more and more people realized the importance and urgent of sewage disposal. Active bacteria method is an effective technique for sewage disposal，The lacunaris plastic is an effective basement for active bacteria adhesion for sewage disposal. The abundance requirement for lacunaris plastic makes it is a consequent for the plastic producing with automation and high productivity. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a manipulator that can automatically fulfill the plastic holding.With the analysis of the problems in the design of the plastic holding manipulator and synthesizing the robot research and development condition in recent years, a economic scheme is concluded on the basis of the analysis of mechanical configuration, transform system, drive device and control system and guided by the idea of the characteristic and complex of mechanical configuration, electronic, software and hardware. In this article, the mechanical configuration combines the character of direction coordinate and the arthrosis coordinate which can improve the stability and operation flexibility of the system. The main function of the transmission mechanism is to transmit power to implement department and complete the necessary movement. In this transmission structure, the screw transmission mechanism transmits the rotary motion into linear motion. Worm gear can give vary transmissionratio. Both of the transmission mechanisms have a characteristic of compact structure. The design of drive system often is limited by the environment condition and the factor of cost and technical lever. 'The step motor can receive digital signal directly and has the ability to response outer environment immediately and has no accumulation error, which often is used in driving system. In this driving system, open-loop control system is composed of stepping motor, which can satisfy the demand not only for control precision but also for the target of economic and practicality. on this basis, the analysis of stepping motor in power calculating and style selecting is also given.The analysis of kinematics and dynamics for object holding manipulator is given in completing the design of mechanical structure and drive system. Kinematics analysis is the basis of path programming and track control. The positive and reverse analysis of manipulator gives the relationship between manipulator space and drive sp ace in position and speed. The relationship between manipulator’s tip position and arthrosis angles is concluded by coordinate transform method. The geometry method is used in solving inverse kinematics problem and the result will provide theory evidence for control system. The f0unction of dynamics is to get the relationship between the movement and force and the target is to satisfy the demand of real time control. in this chamfer, Newton-Euripides method is used in analysis dynamic problem of the cleaning robot and the arthrosis force and torque are given which provide the foundation for step motor selecting and structure dynamic optimal ting.Control system is the key and core part of the object holding manipulator system design which will direct effect the reliability and practicality of the robot system in the division of configuration and control function and also will effect or limit the development cost and cycle. With the demand of the PCL-839 card, the PC computer which has a. tight structure and is easy to be extended is used as the principal computer cell and takes the function of system initialization, data operation and dispose, step motor drive and error diagnose and so on. A t the same time, the configuration structure features, task principles and the position function with high precision of the control card PCL-839 are analyzed. Hardware is the matter foundation of the control. System and the software is the spirit of the control system. The target of the software is to combine all the parts in optimizing style and to improve the efficiency and reliability of the control system. The software design of the object holding manipulator control system is divided into several blocks such assystem initialization block, data process block and error station detect and dispose model and so on. PCL-839 card can solve the communication between the main computer and the control cells and take the measure of reducing the influence of the outer signal to the control system.The start and stop frequency of the step motor is far lower than the maximum running frequency. In order to improve the efficiency of the step motor, the increase and decrease of the speed is must considered when the step motor running in high speed and start or stop with great acceleration. The increase and decrease of the motor’s speed can be controlled by the pulse frequency sent to the step motor drive with a rational method. This can be implemented either by hardware or by software. A step motor shift control method is proposed, which is simple to calculate, easy to realize and the theory means is straightforward. The motor' s acceleration can fit the torque-frequency curve properly with this method. And the amount of calculation load is less than the linear acceleration shift control method and the method which is based on the exponential rule to change speed. The method is tested by experiment.At last, the research content and the achievement are sum up and the problems and shortages in main the content are also listed. The development and application of robot in the future is expected.机器人机器人是典型的机电一体化装置，它综合运用了机械与精密机械、微电子与计算机、自动控制与驱动、传感器与信息处理以及人工智能等多学科的最新研究成果，随着经济的发展和各行各业对自动化程度要求的提高，机器人技术得到了迅速发展，出现了各种各样的机器人产品。