张锡纯先生治疗“大气下陷”的理法方药
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2019年第32卷第4期
张锡纯(公元1860—1933年),字寿甫,祖籍山东诸城,生于书香门第,家富藏书,幼承家学,学成后一直从事临床和教学工作。张氏主张“师古而不泥古,参西而不背中”,他提出:“合中西融
贯为一”的设想,并以“中医包括西医之理”
学说为理论依据,力图沟通中西医学[1]。张氏通过《黄帝内经》的启发以及长期的临床实践,对“大气下陷”证有了深刻的认识和十分详尽的阐释,特别是对大气下陷的辨证论治更是独具匠心,别
具一格[2]
。张氏临床诊疗病种繁多,尤其对于临
床较为棘手的“大气下陷”证,张氏往往能做到效
如桴鼓、立起沉疴。笔者潜心精钻研张氏相关论
著,略有体悟,以下从理、法、方、药四方面详细介绍张氏治疗“大气下陷”证的临床经验,深入剖析张氏的临床诊疗思路与方法。1理———重视机制,
审证求因1.1大气的内涵“大气”一词,源于《黄帝内
经》,历代医家多有论述。《灵枢·五味》篇曰:“谷始
入于胃,其精微也,先出于胃之两焦,以溉五脏,别出两行”,此处明确指出大气处于胸中,与宗气密
切相关”。后《金匮要略》亦有记载,桂枝加黄芪汤
下,有“大气一转,其气乃散”之语,后又见喻嘉言
《医门法律》谓:“五脏六腑,大经小络,昼夜循环不
息,必赖胸中大气,斡旋其间”,始知胸中所积之
气,当名为大气[1]。张氏在此基础上,通过长期
的临床验证,对大气作出进一步阐释。
他指出胸中之气即是宗气,亦即是大气,即《内经》所述之宗气,原以元气为根本,“以五谷精微之气为能量,以
胸中之地为宅窟者也”。所以张氏认为大气即是宗
气之别称。
张锡纯先生治疗
“大气下陷”的理法方药*刘宝虎1,2,朱旭2,3
,郭彤彤1,江继鹏2,张赛2△
1天津中医药大学,天津300193;2天津市神经创伤修复重点实验室,武警部队脑创伤与神经疾病研究所,
武警后勤学院附属医院脑科中心;3天津医科大学
[摘要]从理、法、方、药4方面详细介绍张锡纯先生运用升陷汤治疗“大气下陷”证的临床经验。
张氏业医几十载,治学严谨,医术精湛,善用“补中益气、升阳举陷”法治疗“大气下陷”证,临证遣方用药重视辨证,衷
中参西,选药精准,君臣佐使配伍严谨;不仅可以治疗大气下陷之症状,而且还可以增强正气,真正达到标本兼治的目的。文中以大气下陷证的治疗为例,深入剖析张锡纯先生的中医临床治疗思路与方法。
[关键词]大气下陷;益气升陷;张锡纯;升陷汤[中图分类号]R242[文献标识码]A [文章编号]1004-6852(2019)04-0041-03
Mr Zhang Xichun ′s Principle,Method,Recipe and Medicines of Treating "Sunken Qi "
LIU Baohu 1,2,ZHU Xu 2,3,GUO Tongtong 1,JIANG Jipeng 2,ZHANG Sai 2△
1Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 300193,China;
2Key Lab for Neurological Damage and Repair in Tianjin City,People ′s Armed Police Institute of Brain Trauma and Neurological Disease,Brain Department Center,Affiliated Hospital to Logistics University of People ′s Armed
Police Force;3Tianjin Medical
University Mr Zhang Xichun 's clinical experience of treating "sunken Qi "with sinking-lifting decoction was
introduced from principles,method,recipe and medicines thoroughly.He has devoted himself to medicine for decades with rigorous scholarship and excellent medical skills,he made the best of treating the pattern "sunken Qi "with the method of "tonifying middle-Jiao and Qi ,invigorating Qi and lifting sinking",he emphasized syndrome differentiation when he used the recipe and herbs in clinic,combined TCM with Western medicine,chose the herbs accurately and valued the compatibility,he could not only treat the symptoms of "sunken Qi ",but also enhance healthy Qi ,which could reach the goals of addressing both the symptoms and root causes.In the paper,Mr Zhang Xichun ′s clinical therapeutic thinking and method are further analyzed by taking the treatment for "sunken Qi "pattern as the
example.
sunken Qi ;invigorating Qi and lifting sinking;Zhang Xichun ;sinking-lifting
decoction
博士论
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