2015年俄语专八翻译真题

合集下载

《全国高校俄语专业八级水平测试真题精解(2003--2013)》简介

《全国高校俄语专业八级水平测试真题精解(2003--2013)》简介
ik i n o / 眦
_
[ 1 0 ]勃洛 克 、 叶赛 宁 , 《 勃 洛克 、 叶赛 宁诗 选 》 [ M] , 郑 体
武、 郑铮译 , 北京 , 人 民文学 出版社 , 1 9 9 8 .
[ 1 1 ] 普菲斯特 , 《 戏剧理论与戏 剧分 析 》 [ M] , 周靖 波 、 李
安定译 , 北京 , 北京广播学院 出版社 , 2 0 0 4 .
[ 4 ]B J I O K A. c 0 6 p a H H e c o m a H e ml i f [ M] . T . 8 . h i . ,J I . ,F o c —
J I HT H3 1 I , a T, 1 96 3.
L 5 j Hc  ̄p t m p y c c K o m J I , p a M B . T H q e C K O F O T I N t T p a : O T e r o H C T O —
A GA N. h t ml
B H B a  ̄ m r a H B a n T e p a T y p e , h t t p : / / s b i b l i o . c o n/ r
3 .MH J l b 删
[ 1 2 ] 余献勤 , 勃 洛克戏剧 研究 [ D ] , 上海, 上海外 国语 大
HC K y C C T B O - C I I B,1 9 9 9 .
及它的美学作用。它直观地证明, 象征主义不见得必 须创作古希腊神话情节的庞大戏剧 , 也没必要披上弥
撒 的外衣 , 并要 求观众充 当古希腊 合 唱队 的角色。 ”
( P o  ̄ H H a 1 9 7 2 : 1 2 7 ) , 我们认为这一评价是 中肯的。

历年专八翻译真题word精品文档11页

历年专八翻译真题word精品文档11页

历年专八翻译真题2019年:English to ChineseOpera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province(范围) of the rich unless we abdicate(退位、放弃)society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture accessible(易接近的,可达到的) to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives(必要的)of food shelter defence health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat drink or fight but also to draw. The impulse(冲动)towards culture the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation(表述、陈述)is fundamental. In Europe this desire has found fulfillment(完成、成就) in the masterpieces of our music art literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones(标准、试金石) for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire(立志、追求目标、渴望); they carry the most profound (深厚的、深刻的)messages that can be sent from one human to another.【参考答案】 English to Chinese译文1:欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈:你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。

2015专八真题

2015专八真题

2015专⼋真题2015专⼋真题TEXT A11. A the family structure12. B English working clahomes have spacious sitting rooms13. C stark14. A togetherness15. B constant pressure from the stateTEXT B16. A it further explains high-tech hubris17. B slow growth of the US economy18. A integrated the use of pa-pe-r and the digital form19. C more digital data use leads to greater pa-pe-r use20. A he review the situation from different perspectivesTEXT C21. D because Britons are still conscious of their clastatus22. D income is unimportant in determining which claone belongs to23. C Occupation and claare no longer related to each other24. C fewer types of work25. A showing modestyTEXD D26. D awkwardness27. B luxurious28. A they the couple as an object of fun29. C sweeping over the horizon, a precipice30. B the couple feel ill at easeFrom a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousness that I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays.I had the lonely child's habit of ma-ki-ng up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literaryambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. Nevertheless the volume of serious — i.e. seriously intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2015年专⼋真题参考答案改错部分(思版)1. grew 后加 up2. conscience 改成 consciousness3. soon 改成 sooner4. the 去掉5. disagreeing 改成 disagreeable6. imaginative 改成 imaginary7. literal 改成 literary8. in 去掉9. which 前加 in10. Therefore, 改成 Nevertheless原⽂出处:Why I Write by George OrwellFrom a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew that when I grew up I should be a writer. Between the ages of about seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so with the consciousnethat I was outraging my true nature and that sooner or later I should have to settle down and write books.I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed disagreeable mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my schooldays.I had the lonely child's habit of ma-ki-ng up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life. Neverthelethe volume of serious — i.e. seriously intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. I cannot remember anything about it except that it was about a tiger and the tiger had ‘chair-like teeth’ — a good enough phrase, but I fancy the poem was a plagiarism of Blake's ‘Tiger, Tiger’. At eleven, when the war or 1914-18 broke out, I wrote a patriotic poem which was printed in the local newspa-pe-r, as was another, two years later, on the death of Kitchener. From time to time, when I was a bit older, I wrote bad and usually unfinished ‘nature poems’ in the Georgian style. I also attempted a short story which was a ghastly failure. That was the total of the would-be serious work that I actually set down on pa-pe-r during all those years.However, throughout this time I did in a sense engage in literary activities. To begin with there was the made-to-order stuff which I produced quickly, easily and without much pleasure to myself. Apart from school work, I wrote vers d'occasion, semi-comic poems which I could turn out at what now seems to me astonishing speed — at fourteen I wrote a whole rhyming play, in imitation of Aristophanes, in about a week — and helped to edit a school magazines, both printed and in manuscript. These magazines were the most pitiful burlesque stuff that you could imagine, and I took far letrouble with them than I now would with the cheapest journalism. But side by side with all this, for fifteen years or more, I was carrying out a literary exercise of a quite different kind: this was the ma-ki-ng up of a continuous ‘story’ about myself, a sort of diary existing only in the mind. I believe this is a common habit of children and adolescents. As a very small child I used to imagine that I was, say, Robin Hood, and picture myself as the hero of thrilling adventures, but quite soon my ‘story’ ceased to be narcissistic in a crude way and became more and more a mere description of what I was doing and the things I saw. For minutes at a time this kind of thing would be runningthrough my head: ‘He pushed the door open and entered the room. A yellow beam of sunlight, filtering through the muslin curtains, slanted on to the table, where a match-box, half-open, lay beside the inkpot. With his right hand in his pocket he moved acroto the window. Down in the street a tortoiseshell cat was chasing a dead leaf’, etc. etc. This habit continued until I was about twenty-five, right through my non-literary years. Although I had to search, and did search, for the right words, I seemed to be ma-ki-ng this descriptive effort almost against my will, under a kind of compulsion from outside. The ‘story’ must, I suppose, have reflected the styles of the various writers I admired at different ages, but so far as I remember it always had the same meticulous descriptive quality.When I was about sixteen I suddenly discovered the joy of mere words, i.e. the sounds and associations of words. The lines from Paradise Lost —So hee with difficulty and labour hardMoved on: with difficulty and labour hee.which do not now seem to me so very wonderful, sent shivers down my backbone; and the spelling ‘hee’ for ‘he’ was an added pleasure. As for the need to describe things, I knew all about it already. So it is clear what kind of books I wanted to write, in so far as I could be said to want to write books at that time. I wanted to write enormous naturalistic novels with unhappy endings, full of detailed descriptions and arresting similes, and also full of purple passages in which words were used partly for the sake of their own sound. And in fact my first completed novel, Burmese Days, which I wrote when I was thirty but projected much earlier, is rather that kind of book.I give all this background information because I do not think one can assea writer's motives without knowing something of his early development. His subject matter will be determined by the age he lives in — at least this is true in tumultuous, revolutionary ages like our own — but before he ever begins to write he will have acquired an emotional attitude from which he will never completely escape. It is his job, no doubt, to discipline his temperament and avoid getting stuck at some immature stage, in some perverse mood; but if he escapes from his early influences altogether, he will have killed his impulse to write. Putting aside the need to earn a living, I think there are four great motives for writing, at any rate for writing prose. They exist in different degrees in every writer, and in any one writer the proportions will vary from time to time, according to the atmosphere in which he is living. They are:【2015专⼋真题】。

初二俄语考试题及答案

初二俄语考试题及答案

初二俄语考试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1.下列哪个单词的重音位置不正确?A. учитель(教师)B. учить(教授)C. книга(书)D. день(天)答案:B2.下列哪个单词的复数形式不正确?A. дети(孩子们)B. книги(书)C. дома(家)D. ученики(学生)答案:C3.下列哪个句子的动词时态不正确?A. Я люблю читать книги.(我喜欢读书)B. Мы учимся в школе.(我们在学校学习)C. Он был в Москве.(他去过莫斯科)D. Она пошла в кино.(她去看电影)答案:C4.下列哪个单词的性别不正确?A. мальчик(男孩)B. девочка(女孩)C. врач(医生)D. учительница(女教师)答案:C5.下列哪个单词的格形式不正确?A. в школе(在学校)B. на уроке(在课堂上)C. с другом(和朋友)D. из дома(从家)答案:D二、填空题(每题2分,共20分)1.请用正确的动词形式填空:- Я (читать) _______ сейчас книгу.- Мы (ходить) _______ в парк.答案:читаю, идем2.请用正确的名词形式填空:- У меня есть _______(两本)книги.- Вчера мы были в _______(三个)городах.答案:две, трех3.请用正确的形容词形式填空:- Это _______(美丽)город.- Я люблю _______(好吃)яблоки.答案:красивый, вкусные三、阅读理解(每题2分,共20分)阅读下面的短文,回答问题:Вчера утром я проснулся в 7 часов. Затем я поел завтрак и пошел в школу. В школе мы учимся с 9 до 3. После школы я пошел в библиотеку и прочитал книгу. Вечером я смотрелтелевизор и спал в 10 вечера.1. В какой часу автор проснулся?A. 7B. 8C. 9D. 10答案:A2. Сколько времени автор учился в школе?A. 4 часаB. 5 часовC. 6 часовD. 7 часов答案:B3. Куда пошел автор после школы?A. в паркB. в библиотекуC. на урокD. в кино答案:B四、完形填空(每题2分,共20分)阅读下面的短文,从括号内选择合适的单词填空:Моя сестра любит _______(A. писать B. писать письма)еёдрузьям. Она часто _______(A. говорит B. говорит по телефону)с ними. В воскресенье мы _______(A. ходим B. ходили)впарк.Там мы _______(A. фотографировали B. фотографировались)самые красивые места. Вечером мы _______(A. готовились B.готовили)обед и _______(A. смотрели B. смотрели телевизор)новости.答案:B, B, B, A, B, A五、翻译题(每题5分,共20分)1.请将下列俄语句子翻译成中文:- Я люблюиграть в футбол.- Мы учимся в школе.答案:我喜欢踢足球。

20082015专八改错真题及答案

20082015专八改错真题及答案

2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题2015年3月21日专业八级考试改错When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular showon ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the 1. ______rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had beengiven. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2. ______ vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3. ______much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ______started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, andso are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they? Myfriend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5. ______ expression that I had not got the word quite right.Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughlymeans, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. ______new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7. ______own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should haveasked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the 8. ______aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9. ______speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. ______2014改错There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in thesame sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?l What motivates people to acquire additional language?l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______acquisition of additional languages?l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying thelearning of additional languages?From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far haveone thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiringof an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______so. Whether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additionallanguage, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of anindividual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities areinvolving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in theclassroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______2013 专八短文改错试题.Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processesinvolved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptionalcircumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; orif we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meetanyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______listening, writing and reading. But given that language processeswere normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______experiments to get at what is happening.2012年The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writersfavoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19th(5) _______century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, thenature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Toooften, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified witheach other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____2011年专八真题改错部分From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knewthat when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did sowith the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. Forthis and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developeddisagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________ schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories andholding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with wordsand a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious — i.e. seriously 10________ intended — writing which I produced all through my childhood andboyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my firstpoem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.2010年专八真题改错部分So far as we can tell, all human languages are equallycomplete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________ the things their speakers want to say. 2________________ There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not allgroups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics orpsychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak aboutsnow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5______________English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of thosesometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise andsubtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6______________in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position issimply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in whichEnglishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo languagecould be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufactureor cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________2009The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passesfrom one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________ little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even (3)____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme andtransmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes (6)_____________ between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommonfor the difference in age between playmates to be more than fiveyears. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have beencurrently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________ has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)___________ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, andthe wonder is that it remains live after so much handling, (9)____________to let alone that it bears resemblance to the (10)____________2008年专八真题短文改错The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is avery natural one, and in result language has played a prominent ____1____part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate ____2____a given language to show that they are distinctive from another ____3____race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States ____4____split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals thatindependence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____different language from those of Britain. There was even one ____6____proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favouredthe adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English ____7____and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone ____8____knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before. ____9____Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world ____10____that political independence and national identity can be completewithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a commonlanguage.customer.20151.looked改成looking2.she后面加had3.去掉第二个a4.去掉it5.polite改成politely6.which改成that7.specially改成especially8.this改成it9.continually改成often10.mend改成narrow20141. 把of去掉。

【真题】2015俄语语言及文化+2015综合考试+历年综合

【真题】2015俄语语言及文化+2015综合考试+历年综合
更多最新考研咨询关注微信公众号 renrenkaoyan
【真题】2015 俄语语言及文化+2015 综合考试+历年综合
一、选择 2015: 汉字与哪种文字最相似(蒙语?英语?越南语?);第一部语法书编者;“被肩执锐”的“被”是(通 假字?异体字?古今字?);等等 2012: 词组构成方式等 5 题 样题: 1. 语言系统中和社会发展联系最紧密的是:______。 A. 语音 B. 词汇 C. 语法 2. 现代汉字主要是:______。 A. 表意字系统 B. 表音字系统 C. 形音字系统 3. “团结”和“勾结”是:______。 A. 一对同义词 B. 一对反义词 C. 既不是同义词也不是反义词 4. 我国第一部字典是是:______ A. 《古汉语常用字典》 B. 张玉书等编纂的《康熙字典》 C. 许慎的《说文解字》 5. 熟语在运用中的作用相当于:______。 A. 语素 B. 词 C. 词组 二、名词解释(5 选 3) 2015: 叠韵,虚词,北方话,异读字,柳体字 2013: 入声 普通话 隶书等 2012: 客家话;对仗;甲骨文;马氏文通;国际音标 样题: 1.赋、比、兴 2.语体 3.象征 4.复杂词组 5.夸张 三、改病句 四、古文加标点及翻译 2015: 战国策·赵策:齐闵王将之鲁,夷维子执策而从,谓鲁人曰:‘子将何以待吾君?’鲁人曰:‘吾将以十 太牢待子之君。’维子曰:‘子安取礼而来待吾君?彼吾君子,天子也。天子巡狩,诸侯辟舍,纳于筦 键,摄衽抱几,视膳于堂下,天子已食,退而听朝也。’鲁人投其籥,不果纳。不得入于鲁。将之薛, 假途于邹。当是时,邹君死,闵王欲入吊。夷维子谓邹之孤曰:‘天子吊,主人必将倍殡柩,设北面 于南方,然后天子南面吊也。’邹之群臣曰:‘必若此,吾将伏剑而死。’故不敢入于邹。 2013: 《孟子·告子上》

完整word版20002015年专八翻译真题与答案

完整word版20002015年专八翻译真题与答案

完整word版20002015年专八翻译真题与答案2000年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。

与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比,它先天有些不足,后天也常缺乏营养,但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。

它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。

世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆,它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。

第二代属于工业技术博物馆,它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。

这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用,但是,它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。

世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。

在这里,观众可以自己去动手操作,自己细心体察。

这样,他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术,去探索科学技术的奥妙。

中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆!它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处,设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品,展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。

参考译文The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers.The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions / ideas. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. Bygetting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries.The China Museum of Science and Technology is precisely one of such museums. It has incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation. Having designed and created exhibits in mechanics, optics, electrical science, thermology, acoustics, and biology, those exhibits demonstrate scientific principles and present the most advanced scientific and technological achievements.2001年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文C-E 乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。

2015年全国职称俄语等级考试А级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2015年全国职称俄语等级考试А级真题及详解【圣才出品】

2015年全国职称俄语等级考试А级真题及详解第1部分:阅读理解(第1~30题,每题2分,共60分)下面有6篇短文,每篇短文后均有几个问题,请根据短文内容,为每个问题确定1个最佳答案。

Текст1Обычнодетипохожинамамуилинапапу.Нонашребёнок—нинакого!Когдаемубылодвамесяца,комневгостиприехалаподруга,чтобыпоздравить.—Аня,поздравляювас!Нокогдаонаувиделаребёнка,оназакричала:—Ребята!Новедьоннавассовсемнепохож!Моймужнахмурился(皱眉头).Подругаиспугалась,дажепобледнела.Мызасмеялисьивсёейобъяснили.Деловтом,чторебёнокоченьпохожнадедушку,намоегоотца.Аяпохожанамаму.Сейчасмоемусынусемьлет,ивсеговорят,чтоон—вылитый(与……一模一样)дед.Такойжерыжий,зеленоглазый,высокийиширокоплечий.Ахарактерподвижный,какртуть,иупрямый,какосёл.Ауменяхарактер—какумоеймамы.Ятакаяжеспокойная,терпеливаяимягкая.Имоймуж—спокойный,умный,добрыйчеловек.Когдамывсевместеидёмпоулице,нанассмотрят.Моймуж—высокийхудойбрюнет(黑发男子)спрямымиволосами,счёрнымиглазамииорлиным(鹰一般的)носом,спокойныйисерьёзный.Я—блондинка(淡黄色头发女子)среднегороста,уменяпрямыеволосыиголубыеглаза,ятожеоченьхудаяитожеоченьсерьёзная.Аснами—наштолстыйкудрявый(卷发的)рыжийсын,глазазелёные,какукота,иулыбка—отухадоуха.Яслышу,каклюдивокругговорят:«Наверное,этонеихребёнок»...1.Чтосказалаподруга,когдаонаувиделаребёнка?А.Ребятанародителейнепохожи.В.Ребятанародителейпохожи.С.Ребёнокнародителейнепохож.D.Ребёнокнинакогонепохож.2.Накогопохожребёнок?А.Намаму.В.Напапу.С.Надедушку.D.Набабушку.3.НакогопохожаАнясвоимхарактером?А.Насвоюмаму.В.Насвоегопапу.С.Насвоегомужа.D.Насвоегосына.4.Какиеглазаумужа?А.Чёрные.В.Голубые.С.Зелёные.D.Серые.【答案与解析】1.C问题是:当朋友看到婴儿之后,她说了什么?由原文第三、四段可知,当朋友看到婴儿之后,她说婴儿完全不像我们。

2015年TEM8真题答案及试卷

2015年TEM8真题答案及试卷

2015 TEM8(考前)届时见评论!听力A1.of the parts of the language that carries means2.vocabulary3.tone4.having the ability to add the information5.particular subject6.knowledge or experience7.rei nterpreting8.predict as you listen9.two types of predicting 10.importance听力B1.D.reducing2.C the government3.B,all the money4.B together5.D initieting6. A fewer7.C 468.C provided9.C there 10.B look into阅读:11 C they change12 D to see the effect13 B to provide14 A real15 B her16 A resignation17 C straight18 D twist's19 C gratitude20 B a very21 C operations22 B dangerous23 B spouting24 B reluctant25 D a comic26 D design27 B urban landscape28 B it has29 A incorporate30 C scientific改错1 looked-looking2 she后加had3第二个a去掉4it去掉5polite-politely6which-that7specially-especially 8this-it9continually-often10mend -narrow常识:31 A the conservative32 B slave lake33 B six34 D aborigines35 A Robert36 A ted37 C Herman38 C conceptual39 D ellipsis40 C p汉译英 Camellia. whose nature flowering is in December to the next April,is mainly is red series,and also yellow and white series, etc。

1995-2015专八汉译英

1995-2015专八汉译英

英语专业八级考试历年翻译试题(汉译英)1995年简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日,婚恋嫁娶的小事。

因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。

但一部小说开掘得深不深,艺术和思想是否有过人之处,的确不在题材大小。

有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。

这不仅因为她的语言精彩,并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献,也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白,那么透明。

史密斯夫人说过,女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序,改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。

也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度,明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。

However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.1996年近读报纸,对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多,于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬,随笔记下来,似乎不无借鉴之处。

2015 年度全国职称俄语等级考试试题参考答案

2015 年度全国职称俄语等级考试试题参考答案

2015年度全国职称俄语等级考试(A级)试题参考答案1㊀C2㊀C3㊀A4㊀A5㊀B6㊀C7㊀C8㊀C9㊀B10㊀A11㊀A12㊀D13㊀C14㊀B15㊀D16㊀B17㊀A18㊀A19㊀A20㊀B21㊀B22㊀A23㊀D24㊀B25㊀D26㊀C27㊀B28㊀C29㊀B30㊀A31㊀B32㊀C33㊀B34㊀A35㊀A36㊀B37㊀B38㊀B39㊀D40㊀B41㊀A42㊀C43㊀A44㊀B45㊀C46㊀A47㊀D48㊀C49㊀D50㊀A说明:第1部分:第1 30题,每题2分,60分;第2部分:第31 45题,每题2分,30分;第3部分:第46 50题,每题2分,10分;2015年度全国职称俄语等级考试(A级)试题题解1.C㊀问题是: 女朋友看见小孩子后说了什么? 文章第三自然段写道,当女朋友看见小孩子后,叫喊起来: 各位,他可是完全不像你们! 他 指的是小孩子, 你们 指的是孩子的父母㊂因此,选项C是正确的㊂2.C㊀问题是: 小孩子长得像谁? 文章第五自然段的第三㊁第四句话指出,我们笑起来并解释了整个事情,原来小孩子长得像姥爷,像我的父亲㊂显然,选项C是正确的㊂3.A㊀问题是: 阿妮娅的性格像谁? 文章第五自然段的第九句话指出,而 我 的性格像我妈妈㊂ 我 指的讲故事的人阿妮娅㊂因此,选项A是正确的㊂4.A㊀问题是: 丈夫长着什么样的眼睛? 文章第五自然段的第十三句话指出,我丈夫又瘦又高,长着黑色直的头发㊁一双黑色眼睛和鹰一样的鼻子,他镇静㊁严肃㊂显然,选项A是正确的㊂5.B㊀问题是: 约翰在哪里发现长着眼睛的包子? 文章第三自然段是一位生长在伏尔加河岸萨马拉市的同事的话,他问约翰 怎么,长着眼睛的包子?你在俄罗斯什么地方发现的这种包子? 第四自然段是约翰的回答,他说: 我在梁赞发现的 ㊂显然,选项B是正确的㊂6.C㊀问题是: 谁称呼谁为 彼得爸爸 ? 文章第五自然段指出,俄罗斯人别佳忍不住说道,约翰连俄语谚语都会说了,正是这位别佳的孩子们私下里称他为 彼得爸爸 ㊂显然,选项C是正确答案㊂7.C㊀问题是: 什么事让约翰吃惊? 文章第六自然段是约翰说的话,其中第三句指出: 让他吃惊的是他吃的这些美味包子㊁饺子和其他俄罗斯食品竟然是在一个位于梁赞市中心街道上的意大利餐厅㊂ 因此,选项C 他在意大利餐厅吃的俄罗斯食品 是正确答案㊂选项A和B与文章内容不符,选项D是错误的㊂8.C㊀问题是: 为什么顾客们不点意大利饺子这道菜? 文章最后一个自然段是约翰的话㊂这段话的内容表明,一位意大利餐厅的老服务员告诉约翰,起初餐厅里确实有包括意大利饺子在内的各类意大利菜品,但是顾客们都不点这些菜,顾客们说,意大利饺子听上去挺好,但俄罗斯饺子确实好吃㊂由此可知,选项C 因为俄罗斯饺子确实好吃 是正确答案㊂其他选项都不符合文章内容㊂9.B㊀问题是: 为什么顾客们更喜欢选用伏特加酒? 文章倒数第五句和倒数第四句话是约翰引用在意大利餐厅用餐的顾客们的话,他们说,这里的葡萄酒确实是意大利的,但是太贵了,因此让服务员最好还是拿上来伏特加酒㊂显然,选项B 意大利葡萄酒太贵 是正确答案㊂其他选项都不符合文章内容㊂10.A㊀问题是: 从前谁住在克里姆林宫? 文章第一自然段的第四句话指出:从前,住在克里姆林宫里的都是国家最重要㊁最富有的人㊂因此,选项A 最重要㊁最富有的人 是正确答案㊂其他选项都是错误的㊂11.A㊀问题是: ‘中国城“这个名称是哪里遗留下来的? 文章第二自然段第一句和第二句话指出,曾几何时整个莫斯科城都位于克里姆林宫的城堡内,所以围绕莫斯科的是一座如此巨大的城墙,后来,城市开始发展,出现了新的环形城防工事,现在这座环形城防工事只留下了一个名称‘中国城“㊂因此,选项A 是由莫斯科的环形城防工事(遗留下来的) 是正确的㊂选项B是在‘中国城“以后修建的环路,选项C则是现代修建的环路,而选项D是最早的克里姆林宫城墙,都与‘中国城“无关㊂12.D㊀问题是: 最贵的酒店㊁商场㊁知名的剧院和电影院都在什么地方? ㊀文章第三自然段最后一句话指出: 传统认为,特维尔大街是莫斯科的中心街道之一,最贵的酒店㊁商场㊁知名的剧院和电影院都在这里㊂ 显然,选项D是正确的㊂13.C㊀问题是: 莫斯科地铁线路图像什么? 文章第四自然段的第一句话指出: 莫斯科的地铁线路图在很大程度上模仿城市的地面构造㊂ 选项A 莫斯科地面上的环路 ㊁选项B 莫斯科地面上的放射形路 和选项D 莫斯科地面上的城市中心区 都仅仅是莫斯科城市地面构造的一部分,都不够准确㊂选项C是正确的㊂14.B㊀问题是: 俄罗斯顿河州有什么不同寻常之处? 文章第一自然段的第二和第三句话指出: 顿河州一直以来是一个不同寻常的地方㊂这里居住着具有自己传统和风俗的自由的人们 哥萨克㊂ 显然,选项B 这里居住着具有自己传统和风俗的哥萨克 是正确答案㊂选项A 肖洛霍夫出生在这里 并非顿河州的地方特点,选项C 这里曾经进行过内战 和选项D 这里红军与白军曾经进行过战斗 都是当时全国的形势,与顿河州的地方特点无关㊂15.D㊀问题是: 肖洛霍夫创作的长篇小说‘静静的顿河“是关于什么内容的? 文章第一自然段第七㊁八㊁九句话指出: 顿河哥萨克经受了巨大的痛苦,每一个人都有着自己的悲剧命运㊂肖洛霍夫所创作的20世纪世界文学的优秀长篇小说‘静静的顿河“就是关于这一内容的㊂ 显然,选项A和选项B都与这一内容无关,而选项C则与这一内容不符㊂选项D 关于哥萨克在内战期间所经历的悲剧命运 是正确答案㊂㊀16.B㊀问题是: 在什么时间和什么地点肖洛霍夫开始撰写小说‘静静的顿河“? 文章第二自然段指出: 1922年,肖洛霍夫来到莫斯科㊂他开始创作㊂1925年他的第一部书‘顿河故事“问世,这部书立刻受到关注㊂同年,肖洛霍夫开始创作他一生的主要作品 长篇小说‘静静的顿河“ 同年是指1925年,因此,选项B是正确的㊂其他选项均与文章内容不符㊂17.A㊀问题是: 长篇小说‘静静的顿河“的神秘之处在哪里? 文章第三自然段倒数第三句话和倒数第二句话指出: 多年后的今天,重读‘静静的顿河“,我们可以真诚地说,肖洛霍夫不同情任何人,也不谴责任何人㊂这就是他小说的主要神秘之处㊂ 显然,选项A 作者不同情任何人,也不谴责任何人 是正确答案㊂选项B与问题无关,选项C和D与文章内容不符㊂㊀18.A㊀问题是: 长篇小说‘静静的顿河“的主人公们都有着什么样的命运? 文章第四自然段指出: 小说的中心内容围绕年轻的哥萨克格利高里㊃梅列霍夫㊁他的家人以及两位爱着他的女人 阿克西尼亚和娜塔丽娅的命运展开㊂肖洛霍夫对自己主人公的态度非同寻常,几乎所有的主人公都死了,这让读者们十分震惊㊂但这仅仅是个人的悲剧命运,而非整个世界的悲剧㊂肖洛霍夫客观公正地看待那个美好的㊁鲜明的,但同时又是残酷和悲剧的世界㊂在‘静静的顿河“的复杂的世界里,没有一模一样的生活道路和同一个真理㊂每一位主人公都有自己的道路,有自己的真理,有自己的爱和自己的命运㊂ 四个选项中只有选项A 每一位主人公都有自己的命运 符合上面的内容,是正确答案㊂其他选项均与上面的内容相矛盾㊂19.A㊀问题是: 为什么肖洛霍夫去了顿河并再也没有回到这个城市? 文章第五自然段前半部分指出: ‘静静的顿河“的前两部问世以后,人们立刻就开始议论说,一位没有受过正规高等教育的年轻人不可能写出如此才华横溢的著作㊂还说,‘静静的顿河“的手稿不是肖洛霍夫的,而是出自一位被红军处决的㊁不知名的白军军官之手㊂为此甚至成立了专门的调查委员会㊂这一切当然都是假想的,但对身处莫斯科的肖洛霍夫来说,却是一种煎熬㊂ 根据上文的内容, 这个城市 是指莫斯科㊂选项A 城里的人们认为,这部才华横溢的著作不是他(即问题中的肖洛霍夫)创作的 是肖洛霍夫离开莫斯科回到顿河的真正原因,因此,是正确答案㊂选项B 在城里他不能受到正规的高等教育 ㊁选项C 在城里他无法创作出有才华的作品 以及选项D 城里的人们认为他的作品没有才华 都与文章内容不符,是错误的㊂20.B㊀问题是: 除了‘静静的顿河“之外,肖洛霍夫还创作了那些作品? 文章第五自然段倒数第三句话指出: 除了‘静静的顿河“之外,肖洛霍夫的创作很少,只有一部长篇小说和几个短篇小说㊂ 显然,选项B是正确的,其他选项均与文章内容相矛盾㊂21.B㊀问题是: 许多人向月亮姑娘祈求什么? 文章第二自然段最后一句话指出: 许多人祈求月亮姑娘送给他们哪怕一小块月饼㊂ 选项B 祈求她送给他们一块月饼 是正确的㊂选项A与问题无关,选项C和选项D与文章内容无关㊂22.A㊀问题是: 玉兔为了什么来到人间? 文章第三自然段的第一和第二句话指出: 有一次,地上的居民们遭受了巨大的灾难㊂几乎所有人都患上了一种普通药物无法治愈的可怕疾病㊂月亮姑娘就派玉兔来到大地上,以挽救生病的人们㊂ 显然,选项A 以挽救生病的人们 是正确的㊂其他选项都与文章内容不符㊂23.D㊀问题是: 为什么我们感觉月亮很大? 文章第四自然段的第二和第三句话指出: 月球是距离我们最近的天体㊂因此,它显得很大,尽管它的体积比地球小80倍㊂ 显然,选项D 月球是距离我们最近的天体 是正确答案㊂选项A 它的体积比地球大80倍 ㊁选项C 月球是距离我们最远的天体 都是错误的,选项B 它的体积比地球小80倍 与问题无关㊂24.B㊀问题是: 什么时候航天器首次登陆月球表面? 文章第五自然段第三句话指出: 1966年航天器‘月球9号“首次登陆月球表面㊂ 因此,选项B是正确的答案㊂25.D㊀问题是: 哪一个航天器在陨坑虹湾登陆月球表面? 文章第五自然段第六句话指出: 在‘月球9号“登陆37年之后,中国的航天器‘嫦娥3号“在陨坑虹湾区登陆月球表面,成为第三个登陆月球的国家㊂ 显然,选项D是正确答案㊂其他选项均与问题无关㊂26.C㊀问题是: 如何解释月球表面凸凹不平? 文章倒数第三句话指出: 月球表面凸凹不平,这是由于经常有陨星坠落其上㊂ 选项C 月球上面经常有陨星坠落 是正确答案㊂其他选项都与问题无关㊂27.B㊀问题是: 为什么人类必须制定能源发展新计划? 文章第一和第二句话指出: 谁也不知道,石油何时用完㊂人类必须早在黑金枯竭的灾难日到来之前制定出能源发展新计划㊂ 文章第二自然段又指出: 石油矿藏在某些地方永远都会存在,但是,其开采在技术上将是非常困难的,而且是非常昂贵的㊂ 根据上面的内容,制定能源发展新计划的原因是可开采的㊁廉价的石油即将用完㊂因此,选项B 廉价石油即将用完 是正确答案㊂选项A 我们的子孙将诅咒我们 与问题无关,而选项C 石油矿藏不会永远存在 和选项D 任何能源都将不复存在 与文章内容不符㊂28.C㊀问题是: 现在每天的石油开采量是多少桶? 文章第四自然段第一句话指出: 现在全世界平均每天生产石油将近8000万桶 ㊂这里的 生产 即开采出来,而不是从工厂生产出来㊂显然,选项C是正确的㊂29.B㊀问题是: 专家们号召做什么事? 文章第六自然段第一句话指出: 专家们号召,现在就要在交通运输中使用碳氢化合物燃料,把石油留作急用㊂ 根据这一内容,选项B 在交通运输中使用碳氢化合物燃料 是正确的答案㊂其他选项均与文章内容不符㊂30.A㊀问题是: 必须立刻研究的问题是什么? 文章最后一个自然段第一句话指出: 由此可见,存在着马上就要规划好我们后石油时代的未来的必要性㊂ 根据这一内容,选项A 规划我们后石油时代的未来问题 是正确的答案㊂其他选项均与问题无关㊂31.B㊀全句译为: 哈尔滨市位于哪个省? ㊀俄语动词находиться要求后面的名词用第六格形式,провинция要求与前置词в搭配,符合这一语法规则的只有选项B㊂32.C㊀全句译为: 我再一次和我的朋友会面,这位朋友的意见对我总是很有帮助㊂ 这是一个由关联词连接的定语从句,который应与所指代的主句中的名词保持性㊁数一致,A选项的中性形式,显然不符合语法;какой和что都不能表示从句中的名词мнение与主句中的名词друг之间的所属关系,选项B和D也不符合语法㊂只有选项C чьё 符合语法要求㊂33.B㊀全句译为: 必须让司机们慢一些行驶㊂ 俄语谓语副词необходимо引导的说明从句应该用连接词чтобы㊂符合这一语法要求的只有选项B㊂34.A㊀全句译为: 不要给经理打电话,他现在正在主持会议㊂ 谓语副词нельзя有两个不同的意义,一是 不应该 ,二是 做不到 ㊂用于第一个意义时,其后面要求用未完成体动词不定式;用于第二个意义时,其后面要求用完成体动词不定式㊂经理主持会议时,给他打电话显然是不应该做的事㊂因此,选项A是正确的㊂35.A㊀全句译为: 瓦西里决定不给安娜回信,因为他很生她的气㊂ решитьне后面要求用未完成体动词不定式,用以表示做事本身,而不是做事的结果㊂因此,选项A是正确的㊂36.B㊀全句译为: 我读过普希金所有的在20世纪翻译成汉语的诗歌㊂ 诗歌 是 翻译 的行为客体,形容客体的形动词不能用主动态形式,排除选项C和选项D,而应该用被动态形式㊂现在时被动形动词和过去时被动形动词的区别在于,前者形容正在进行的行为或反复进行的行为所涉及的客体,而后者则形容行为完成后所产生的结果㊂这里的 诗歌 显然是完成于20世纪的 翻译 行为的结果,因此,选项A不合适,选项B是正确的㊂37.B全句译为: 这些天我很忙,我没有时间跟你商量㊂ 我没有时间跟你商量 是否定句,应该选择否定副词,排除不定副词选项C和选项D㊂俄语有两类否定副词,一类是带前缀ни⁃的,另一类是带前缀не⁃的㊂前一类用于人称句,也就是有第一格主语的句子;后一类则用于无人称句,也就是没有第一格主语㊁主体用第三格表示的句子㊂此处应选择带前缀не⁃的否定副词㊂因此,选项B是正确的㊂38.B㊀全句译为: 工作日结束了,伊万诺夫工程师走了㊂ 如果行为主体不在说话地点,已经离开,应该用运动动词уйти㊂运动动词отойти表示离开某一物体,一般要与отчего一起使用;выйти表示走出某一封闭的空间,一般要接изчего的地点状语;пройти表示经过某地㊂因此,选项B是正确的㊂39.D㊀全句译为: 假如他不说出自己的名字,我们就认不出他了㊂ 这是一个带有虚拟条件从句的主从复合句,从句表示与现实相反的条件,主句表示假设的后果,主句的谓语要使用假定式形式,即узнали㊂因此,选项D是正确的㊂40.B㊀全句译为: 所有乘客都望着火车应该驶来的那个方向㊂ 这是一个带有地点从句的主从复合句㊂从句的关联词要根据动词谓语选择,运动动词прийти㊀只能与表示方向的关联词一起使用,表示来的方向应该用откуда;где表示地点,不表示方向;там和оттуда不是关联词,不能用于地点从句㊂因此,选项B是正确的㊂41.A㊀全句译为: 我们不懂的东西,专家们却非常了解㊂ ㊀这是一个代词限定句,从句中что作主语,在这种情况下,形容词谓语必须用短尾中性形式㊂因此,选项A是正确的㊂42.C㊀全句译为: 彼得罗夫夫妇有两个孩子:亚历山大和马克西姆㊂ 与дети搭配,表示2㊁3㊁4数量时,应该用集合数词,排除选项A和选项D㊂оба虽然也是集合数词,但它表示 二者都 的意思,且要求单数第二格,意义和语法都不符合本句㊂因此,正确的选择是选项C двое ㊂43.A㊀全句译为: 这位老人清楚地记得他第一次在河边看到自己的玛丽娅的那个早晨㊂ 这是一个带有定语从句的主从复合句,从句的关联词要根据其所指代的主句中的名词及其在从句中的句法功能来确定㊂从句的关联词既要与утро的时间意义一致,又要在从句中作时间状语,只有когда符合这一要求㊂其余选项中的какой,который,что都不能在从句中作时间状语㊂因此,选项A是正确的㊂44.B㊀全句译为: 游客们来到宾馆已经很晚了,由于劳顿,大家很快就都睡着了㊂ 尽管4个选项中的前置词都表示原因,但它们的意义和用法各不相同㊂из表示主观的㊁自觉的㊁出于某种考虑或情感的原因;от表示不自觉的㊁生理或物理的原因;по表示主体自身所导致的不良后果的原因;из⁃за表示不利的客观条件㊂此处表示生理状态,应该选择选项B㊂45.C㊀全句译为: 病人听着悦耳的音乐,感觉自己好多了㊂ 听悦耳的音乐 是伴随动词谓语 病人感觉自己好多了 并与之同时进行的行为,具有原因意义,应该选用副动词形式㊂主语的位置在空白处后,并且与之独立开来,这就排除了一个主语带两个并列谓语的可能性,即排除选项B和选项D㊂选项A中的不定式形式不能与整个句子建立语法联系,是错误的㊂因此,选项C是正确的㊂46.A㊀汉语 正在考试 意思相当于 正在进行考试 ㊂俄语表示 正在进行 的动词只能用идти或者проходить,其他动词都不具有这个意义㊂因此,选项A是正确的译文㊂47.D㊀俄语名词урок常常用来表示教学过程或教材的内容;занятия作为动名词,一般表示教学活动;лекция通常表示讲座,一般不用于中学的课程㊂只有предмет表示中小学开设的学科㊂因此,选项D是最佳译文㊂48.C㊀ Открыто㊀говоря 的意思是 直说 ; Мягко㊀говоря 的意思是 委婉地说 ;没有 Верно㊀говоря 的说法㊂因此,选项C是正确的译文㊂49.D㊀ 以某人名字命名 翻译成俄语通常为 носитьчьёимя ㊂动词звать只用于人的姓名,而不用于机构名称,因此,选项A和选项B都不符合俄语表达习惯;иметьимя不能表示 以别人的名字命名 ㊂因此,选项D是正确的译文㊂50.A㊀俄语名词предмет的意义是 物体㊁东西 ,вещи的意义是 东西 ,тело的意义是物理学中 物体 ,只有вещество表示 物质 ㊂因此,选项A是正确的译文㊂2015年度全国职称俄语等级考试(B级)试题参考答案1㊀C2㊀C3㊀D4㊀A5㊀B6㊀A7㊀C8㊀D9㊀A10㊀A11㊀A12㊀B13㊀D14㊀B15㊀C16㊀C17㊀B18㊀D19㊀A20㊀C21㊀B22㊀A23㊀B24㊀B25㊀A26㊀D27㊀B28㊀B29㊀D30㊀C31㊀A32㊀B33㊀B34㊀B35㊀A36㊀B37㊀A38㊀C39㊀A40㊀C41㊀C42㊀D43㊀C44㊀C45㊀A46㊀A47㊀A48㊀A49㊀C50㊀A说明:第1部分:第1 30题,每题2分,60分;第2部分:第31 45题,每题2分,30分;第3部分:第46 50题,每题2分,10分;2015年度全国职称俄语等级考试(B级)试题题解1.C㊀问题是: 邻居最喜欢做的事是什么? 文章第六句话指出: 她最喜欢做的事是看电视或录像,看自己喜爱的运动员的表演㊂ 她 指的是前一句话中的卡佳,而根据前文的内容得知,邻居名叫卡佳,她喜爱的运动员是安东㊃西哈鲁利泽㊂因此,选项C 看西哈鲁利泽的表演 是正确答案㊂其他选项都与文章内容不符㊂2.C㊀问题是: 玛丽娅是谁? 文章第十一句话指出 他最喜欢的女运动员是玛丽娅㊃莎拉波娃 ㊂根据前文的内容, 他 指安德烈,安德烈是作者的男邻居㊂因此,答案应该是 男邻居喜爱的女运动员 ,选项C是正确的㊂3.D㊀问题是: 安德烈想娶一位什么样的妻子? 文章第十二句话指出: 他30岁,还没有娶妻,因为他经常说,他的未来的妻子长相要像著名的女运动员㊂ 他 指前文的安德烈㊂显然,选项D是正确的㊂4.A㊀问题是: 安德烈拒绝做什么事? 文章第十三句话的内容表明,作者也经常请安德烈一起去看展览,看比赛,看马戏,但他总是拒绝㊂而前文的内容表明,作者和安德烈是邻居㊂因此,选项A 与邻居一起去看展览,看比赛,看马戏 是正确答案㊂5.B㊀问题是: 谁认为谁是美女'? 文章第十六句话的内容表明,当安德烈看见卡佳后,他对作者低声说 多美的姑娘啊!为什么我以前没见过他? 由此可见,选项B 安德烈认为卡佳(是美女) 是正确答案㊂6.A㊀问题是: 现在卡佳和安德烈业余时间从事什么活动? 文章倒数第三句话指出: 业余时间,他们滑冰㊁在网球场上共度时光㊂ 根据前文内容, 他们 指的就是卡佳和安德烈㊂因此,选项A 打网球,滑冰 是正确答案㊂其他选项都与文章内容不符㊂7.C㊀问题是: 这位男人晚上喜欢在哪里读书? 文章第一自然段最后一句话指出: 晚上,这位男人喜欢坐在家里的壁炉旁读书㊂ 显然,选项C 在家里壁炉旁 是正确答案㊂8.D㊀问题是: 小老鼠总是在哪里能找到面包和奶酪? 文章第二自然段指出: 这栋房子的地下室里住着一个小老鼠㊂它常常到这位住在有壁炉的住宅里的男人这里来做客㊂小老鼠非常喜欢这里,因为它总能在厨房的柜子里的架子上面找到面包和奶酪㊂ 显然,选项D 在这位男人家的厨房里 是正确答案㊂其他选项都不符合文章内容㊂9.A㊀问题是: 有一次那个女人把所有的东西收到哪里去了? 文章第三自然段的第一和第二句话指出: 有一次房屋的主人这里来了一个女人,她从早到晚收拾房间,小老鼠在橱柜的架子上没有找到面包和奶酪,因为她把所有的东西都收到冰箱里了㊂ 显然,选项A是正确答案㊂其他选项都是错误的㊂10.A㊀问题是: 谁忘记了通往那个有壁炉的房子里的路? 文章第三自然段最后一句话指出,小老鼠忘记了通往那个有壁炉的房子的路㊂选项A是正确的㊂11.A㊀问题是: 小老鼠久久地等待着什么? 文章第四和第五自然段的内容表明,小老鼠饿了一天,于是又来到那个住在有壁炉的房子里的男人那里,它长时间地看着那个像往常一样坐在壁炉旁读书的男人,久久地等待着,想让他看见自己并给自己面包和奶酪㊂显然,选项A (等待着)他看见自己并给自己面包和奶酪 是正确的㊂其他选项都不符合文章内容㊂12.B㊀问题是: 男人到厨房去干什么? 文章第六自然段指出: 终于,男人站起身来,到厨房去给自己做晚饭㊂ 选项B是正确的㊂13.D㊀问题是: 当男人看见小老鼠的时候,小老鼠想告诉他什么事? 文章第八自然段指出: 小老鼠非常想告诉他,自己有多么饿,有多久没吃一点东西了㊂ 选项D是正确的㊂其他选项都不符合文章内容㊂14.B㊀问题是: 谁,在哪里,见过一样漂亮的东西? 文章第十一自然段最后一句话指出: 小老鼠很快吃完了所有的食物,然后吱吱地叫了一声,那意思是 我想送给你一件礼物 ㊂然后它就跑到地下室去了,它在那里看见过一样漂亮的东西㊂ 选项B是正确的答案㊂其他选项都与文章内容不相符㊂㊀15.C㊀问题是: 每次小老鼠从哪里拿来一百美元? 文章最后一个自然段指出: 您可能要问,每次小老鼠从哪里拿来一百美元㊂这很简单㊂在下面,在小老鼠居住的地下室,墙里面有银行的财物,那里有很多漂亮的绿色的纸币㊂ 这说明,墙的另一侧是银行㊂因此,选项C最符合文章的内容㊂其他选项均与文章内容不符㊂16.C㊀问题是: 霍赫洛马村以什么著称? 文章第二自然段第三句和第四句话指出: 霍赫洛马村在古罗斯时期就很有名,这里制作的木制器皿非常美观,一直享誉整个俄罗斯㊂ 因此,选项C 美观的木制器皿 是正确答案㊂其他选项都与文章内容不符㊂㊀17.B㊀问题是: 套娃是什么时候在俄罗斯出现的? 文章第三自然段第四句话指出: 实际上,套娃只是在19世纪末才出现的,她只有一百岁左右㊂ 选项B是正确的㊂18.D㊀问题是: 为什么人或者为什么东西起名叫玛特廖什卡? 文章第三自然段最后两句话指出: 人们请来了手艺好的师傅,手工制作了第一个模型 一个小村姑㊂人们给她起了一个农村女孩名 玛特廖娜,即玛特廖什卡㊂ 选项D 第一个小村姑模型 是正确答案,其他选项都与文章内容不符㊂19.A㊀问题是: 帕列赫的工匠们能够在什么地方绘制出所有的景物? 文章第六自然段的内容表明,珠宝店出售的小巧的黑色珍宝盒,上面绘制了令人惊叹的图画,这是俄罗斯一个名叫帕列赫小村庄的工匠们制作的,他们能绘制俄罗斯童话故事的情景㊁各种风景㊁各种想象出来的动物㊁历史场景,帕列赫的工匠们能绘制出所有的景物㊂因此,选项A 在珍宝盒上面 是正确答案㊂20.C㊀问题是: 哪种俄罗斯纪念品上面的精致的风景画是独一无二的? 文章第七自然段是第六自然段内容的继续㊂这一段所说的 精致的风景画独一无二 就是指第六自然段所介绍的帕列赫珍宝盒上的风景画㊂因此,选项C是正确答案㊂21.B㊀问题是: 什么形象骑着一头黄色的猪? 文章第八自然段介绍俄罗斯玩具纪念品,这些纪念品有各种造型㊂第七句话的内容表明,骑着一头黄色猪的是一位身穿红衬衫,手拿巴拉莱卡琴的小伙子㊂因此,选项B 小伙子的形象 是正确答案㊂22.A㊀问题是: 格热利在什么地方? 文章倒数第二自然段第一句话指出: 格热利是位于莫斯科东南方向的制陶工业的传统中心地区㊂ 显然,选项A是正确答案㊂23.B㊀问题是: 格热利制作什么器皿? 文章最后两个自然段的内容表明,格热利是俄罗斯制陶业中心,17世纪那里发现了令人惊叹的优质白色陶土,用这种陶土制作各种产品,首先就是浅蓝色的器皿㊂20世纪制陶工业开始发展,浅蓝色的茶碗㊁茶壶㊁花瓶㊁糖罐㊁油壶装点着每一个俄罗斯家庭㊂由此可见,格热利制作的是陶瓷器皿㊂选项B是正确的答案㊂24.B㊀问题是: 许多人向月亮姑娘祈求什么? 文章第一自然段最后一句话指出: 许多人祈求月亮姑娘送给他们哪怕一小块月饼㊂ 选项B 祈求她送给他们一块月饼 是正确的㊂选项A与问题无关,选项C和D与文章内容不符㊂25.A㊀问题是: 玉兔为了什么来到地上? 文章第二自然段的第一和第二句话指出: 有一次,地上的居民们遭受了巨大的灾难㊂几乎所有人都患上了一种普通药物无法治愈的可怕疾病㊂月亮姑娘就派玉兔来到地上,以挽救生病的人们㊂ 显然,选项A 以挽救生病的人们 是正确的㊂其他选项都与文章内容不符㊂26.D㊀问题是: 为什么我们感觉月亮很大? 文章第三自然段的第二和第三句话指出: 现在我们知道,月球是距离我们最近的天体㊂因此,它显得很大,尽管它的体积比地球小80倍㊂ 显然,选项D 月亮是距离地球最近的天体 是正确答案㊂选项A 它的体积比地球大80倍 ㊁选项C 月球是距离地球最远的天体 都是错误的,选项B 它的体积比地球小80倍 与问题无关㊂27.B㊀问题是: 月亮在什么时候像字母‘р“? 文章第三自然段最后三句话指出: 当月亮的两个角朝向右侧的时候,月亮像字母‘с“,这是月亏,即月亮越变越小㊂经过一㊁。

全国高校俄语八级水平考试考卷和答案

全国高校俄语八级水平考试考卷和答案

全国高校俄语八级水平考试考卷和答案【百度文库 - 俄语国家水平考试试题】31.Общее потребление соли, включая соль, ________ впродуктах, не должнопревышать 6 граммов в сутки.А) содержащуюсяВ)содержавшуюсяС) содержаннуюD)содержащую本题中考点是形动词的用法,要分清主动和被动。

Содержаться 有含在其中的意思。

即有小成份含在大物件中的意思。

而содержать в себе与включать в себе同义,是包含,即大包含小。

所以食物中的盐本题。

32.Новый метод помогувеличитьпроизводительность труда________ 50 раз.А) более чемВ) более вС) более чем вD) более на本题考点是более 和более чем 的区别,前者是比较级,要加名词或数词二格,表示比什么多,而如果有前置词则用后者。

在07年考题中有一个同类型题目。

33.В таких зданиях светльется со всех сторон, ________ нет ни стен, ни потолка.А) какВ) так чтоС) так какD) как будто本题考点是结果,原因,比较从句的用法。

题目的意思是在这样的房子里阳光从各个方向都能射进来。

就像没有墙没有房顶一样。

而选项一是和实现相符的比较。

34.Ему нужно было сдавать вступительные экзамены вуниверситет, ________ он иприехал в город.А) зачемВ) когдаС) чтоD) благодаря чему本题考点是接续从句,就是由что 或者带前置词的其他格引导的从句,用来代指整个主句内容,也可以用зачем.почему .отчего表示目的原因和结果的意义。

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
相关文档
最新文档