全国大学英语四级词汇：考点词串讲

冲刺抢分四级词汇：考点词串讲@刘畅的南瓜地•2019年6月卷（1）•作文：•卷1：For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity（慈善活动，义工活动）organized by your Student Union（学生会，大学学生活动中心）to assist（帮助）elderly people（老年人）in the neighborhood（街区，居住区；附近）.⏹charity慈善（机构）；voluntary自愿的，志愿的；benevolent仁慈的⏹assistant助手，助理；consist由……组成；insist on坚持；persist in坚持；exist存在；resist抵制，阻挡；⏹adulthood成年；livelihood生计；likelihood可能；childhood童年；brotherhood兄弟情谊…•卷2：For this part,you are30minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm organized by your Student Union.•卷3：For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a Hope elementary school（希望小学）organized by your Student Union.⏹Hope Project；primary school；secondary/high school•新闻1：• 1.C)He visited a prison located on a faraway（遥远的）island.⏹distant/remote• 2.B)He cheered him on（以喝彩声鼓励，加油）all the way.•C)He set him an example（树立一个榜样）.⏹role model楷模；行为榜样•D)He had the event covered（报道）on TV.•A9-year-old Central California boy braved勇敢面对；冒（风险）；经受（困难）strong currents（海洋或江河的）水流，潮流；气流and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island恶魔岛and back.•新闻2• 3.A)To end the one-child policy（独生子女政策）.•C)To increase working efficiency（提高工作效率）.• 4.A)They will not come into immediate effect（立即生效）.medium〔大小、水平或数量〕中等的；中号的；n.传播媒介；medial中间的；intermediate〔班级、课程等〕中级的，中等的；〔时期〕中间的，居中的；immediate立刻的；直接的；mediate调停，调解，斡旋；Mediterranean地中海•B)They will help to popularize（宣传；宣扬；推广）early marriage.•C)They will boost China's economic growth.（推动中国的经济增长）•On l January,new regulations章程，规章制度；法规will come into effect which eliminate清除，消除an annual leave bonus年假奖金for people who put off推迟marrying until the age of23for women,and25for men,the South China Morning Post reports.The holiday bonus was designed to encourage young people to delay getting married in line with符合，与……一致China's one-child policy.But with that policy now being abolished废除,this holiday incentive激励is no longer necessary,the government says.In Shanghai,a young couple at a marriage registration office婚姻登记所told the paper that they decided to register their marriage as soon as possible,to take advantage of the existing policy,because an extra holiday was a big deal大事for them.•新闻3：• 5.A) Cleaning service in great demand（需求旺盛）all over the world.•B) Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs（高薪的工作）to do cleaning.•C) A new company to clean up the mess（肮脏；杂乱）after parties.•D) Cleaners gainfully（有收益地；有利可图的）employed at nights and weekends. • 6. D) It creates noise and misconduct（不端行为）.mis错误，坏；恶：misfortune不幸，灾难；mistake；misspell拼错〔单词〕；misunderstand误解；misdoing = misdeed恶行；违法行为；misrule治理不当，恶劣施政；mistrust不信任；misanthrope遁世者，厌恶世人者•7. C) Settle a legal dispute（解决法律纠纷）.•篇章1：•Everyone loves a good house party but the cleaning up the next morning isn't as enjoyable.Now,however,a New Zealand-based startup company创业公司aims to bring messy肮脏的；凌乱的；不整洁的homes-and even splitting欲裂的headaches头痛-back to normal.The properly-named Startup Morning-After Maids女仆；侍女was launched开始从事，发起，发动about a month ago in Auckland by roommates Rebecca Foley and Catherine Ashurst.•Aside from cleaning up,the two will also cook breakfast and even get coffee and painkillers for recovering merrymakers狂欢作乐的人.Although they're both gainfully employed,they fit cleaning jobs into找到时间their nights and weekends(which is when their service is in most demand anyway).Besides being flooded with挤满，拥满；充斥，充满requests from across the country,Foley and Ashurst have also received requests from the U.S.and Canada to provide services there.They are reportedly meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the business forward推动业务发展.•长对话1：•9.D)He did not follow the test procedure（程序，步骤）.•10.A)They are tough（艰苦的；严厉的；坚强的）.•B)They are costly（昂贵的，代价高的）.•11.B)Test-drive a few times on highways（（尤指城镇间的）公路，干道）.•C)Find an experienced driving instructor（教练；导师；大学讲师）.•M:…It was such a relief（不快过后的）宽慰，轻松；解脱to pass.•W:I hear a lot of people made that mistake and go in underprepared准备不充分的.•M:…I've only had two driving lessons so far and my instructor is very understanding善解人意的；富有同情心的；体谅人的.So I'm really enjoying it and can't wait for my next session一场；一节although the lessons are rather expensive.•-cess/-ceed/-ced-：走•access n.①进入权；使用权；接触的机会；②进入，到达；③入口v.存取，获取〔尤指计算机数据〕•accessories附件，配件，附属品；装饰物，小配件〔如手袋、皮带、珠宝等〕•succeed成功；接替，继任，继承–success•proceed继续进行，继续做；process过程；v.加工，处理；列队行进；procedure程序，步骤，手续•exceed v.超出；超越；excess n.过量，过度；excessive过度的，过多的；excel优于，擅长；胜过他人；excellent卓越的；极好的；exceeding非常的，超越的；•procession〔人或车辆的〕行列，队伍；一排，一串•recession〔经济〕衰退，萧条；ancestor祖先；•successive连续的，接连的，相继的；concession让步•struct=build，表示“建立”•structure结构；construct建造；构建；destruct v.毁坏（火箭或导弹）；instruct命令，指示；教授，指导；obstruct阻塞；妨碍；superstructure上层建筑；infrastructure基础设施；instrument 器械器具；仪器；乐器•长对话2：•12.B)The acceptance rate（录取率）at Leeds.•C)Leeds'tuition（学费）for international students.•13.C)Perform in a famous musical（音乐剧）.•D)Pursue postgraduate（研究生）studies.•14.A)His favorable（给人好印象的）recommendations.•C)His academic excellence（学业优异）.•15.C)Do a master's degree（硕士学位）.•M:Emma,I got accepted（接纳，录取）to the university of Leeds.…•M:…Also,I have a good chance of winning a scholarship at Leeds which will be pretty awesome令人惊叹的-the benefits of being a music genius.•W:….And I've got some documents文件I need to print out first.I'd better run.•allowance n.〔定期或出于特殊原因而给予的〕一笔钱；津贴，补助；fare票价-fee〔付给专业人员的〕工作酬金，服务费；salary月–wage小时/天/周；tip小费；贴士；postage邮费；stock股票；securities证券；expense费用，花费；deposit订金，预付款；〔租用东西的〕押金，保证金；存款；subscription订阅费；会（员）费；down payment〔分期付款购物的〕首付款；instalment〔分期付款中的〕一期付款；scholarship奖学金；pension养老金，退休金•post：（1）在后面：postwar战后的；posterior（靠近）后部的，后端的；后面的，背部的；posterity后代，子孙；postscript附笔，附言；postmodernism后现代主义•（2）邮政：postoffice邮局；postcard明信片；postal邮政的；邮寄的；postmark邮戳；poster招贴画；海报；post n.邮政，邮递，邮件；v.邮寄，寄出〔信件、包裹等〕；张贴•短文1：•16.A)They help farmers keep diseases in check（受控制的）•D)They live in incredibly（非常地）well-organized（有序的）colonies（殖民地；某一类人的聚居区；群落）.•18.A)Deny them access to（不让他们接触）any food.•D)Refrain（克制；节制；避免）from eating sugary food.•Scientists have identified thousands of known ant species物种around the world-and only a few of them bug使烦恼；使恼怒humans.Most ants live in the woods or out in nature.There,they keep other creatures in check,distribute seeds,and clean dead and decaying腐坏的materials from the ground.A very small percentage of ants do harm to humans.….Some,like carpenter ants木蚁.can undermine从根基处破坏；逐渐削弱a home‘s structure,while others interfere with 干涉，妨碍electrical units.Unfortunately,our homes are very attractive to ants,because they provide everything the colony needs to survive,such as food,water,and shelter居所，住处.So how can we prevent ants from getting into our homes?Most important of all,avoid giving ants any access to food,particularly sugary含糖的；甜的food,because ants have a sweet tooth喜欢吃甜食.We also need to clean up spills as soon as they occur,and store food in airtight containers密封容器.Even garbage（生活）垃圾；废物attracts ants,so empty倒空；腾空your trash as often as possible,and store your outside garbage in a lidded有盖的can（盛食品或饮料的）金属罐,well away from doors and windows.•inter-：在…之间，相互•international；internet；interfere介入；干涉，干预；interpret解释，阐释；口译；misinterpret对…误解，错误地理解；interdependence互相依存，互相依赖；interact交流，交往；相互作用；interplay相互作用；相互影响；interchange〔尤指观点或思想的〕交流；interrelate相互关联；interview面试，面谈；采访；interprovincial省际；intermarriage通婚.•under（1）在……下：underground地下的；小众的；地铁；underline划线于……下；强调；undersea海底的；underhanded秘密的；不诚实的；underwear内衣；underlie是…的原因;是…的基础；undergo经历；经受；underneath在……下面；underlying a.潜在的；在下面的•（2）不足，不够：underestimate低估；underplay轻描淡写；underpopulated人口不足的；underdeveloped不发达的；undersized比正常小的；undergraduate大学本科生•短文2：•19.A)The function of the human immune system（免疫系统）.•B)The cause of various auto-immune（自身免疫的）diseases.•20.B)Offer blood samples（血样）.•21.A)Strengthening people's immunity（免疫力）to infection.•…At the moment we're living much longer,life expectancy预期寿命is increasing at two years for every decade;that means an extra five hours a day.•短文3：•25.A)Actions speak louder than words（事实胜于雄辩）.•B)Think twice before taking action（三思后行）.•C)Translate（转化为，转变为）their words into action.•….Now Komada coaches训练，培养，指导his school's chess team.…Police frequent常去，常到（某处）the area day and night….Komada likes to teach his students that they should think about their move行动；走棋before they do it.•选词填空：•The center of American automobile（汽车）innovation（创新）has in the past decade moved2,000miles away.It has migrated（迁移）from Detroit to Silicon Valley（硅谷）,where self-driving vehicles（车辆）are coming to life.•In a bid to（为了….）take production back to Detroit,Michigan lawmakers have introduced（推行；实施；采用）legislation（立法）that could make their state the best place in the country,if not the world,to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road.•"Michigan's dominance（优势）in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to replace our leadership （领导；领导地位）in transportation.Mike Kowall,the lead sponsor（发起）of four bills（议案）recently introduced.•If all four bills pass as written,they would represent a substantial（重大的）update（更新）of Michigan's2013law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions.Manufacturers（制造商）would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads.They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips,and even set up on-demand（按需）fleets（车队；舰队）of self-driving cars,like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.•Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application（商业应用）of self-driving technology.In contrast（与之相反）, California,home of Silicon Valley,recently proposed（提议，建议）far more restrictive（限制性的；约束的）rules that would require human driving technology.•deputy n.副手，副职；议员；警官•knot n.节；v.打结•reward n.奖励；报酬•Passage One•In the classic（典雅的，传统的）marriage vow(誓约),couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health.….•"Married women diagnosed（诊断）with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce,"said researcher Amelia Karraker.•…"We found that women are doubly vulnerable to（易受……伤害的）marital break-up in the face of illness,"Karraker said."They're more likely to be widowed（丧偶的）,and if they're the ones who become ill, they're more likely to get divorced."•…"Gender norms（标准，规范）and social expectations about caregiving （看护）may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses,"Karraker said."And because of the imbalance in marriage markets,especially in older ages,divorced men have more choices among prospective（预期的，即将来临的）partners than divorced women."•Given（考虑到）the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population,Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.•46.A)They may not guarantee（保证）a lasting marriage.•B)They are as binding（必须遵守的；有法律约束力的）as they used to be.•D)They may help couples tide over（克服，度过）hard times.•47.D)They are more likely to contract（感染；得）serious illnesses than their wives.•49.A)They are more accustomed to（习惯于）receiving care.•C)They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations（履行社会义务）.•50.B)Stabilizing（稳定）old couples'relations.•Passage Two•If you were like most children,you probably got upset（难过；不高兴；失望；沮丧）when your mother called you by a sibling's(兄弟姐妹的)name.•…Probably not.According to the first research to tackle（处理，应对）this topic head-on（迎头的，正面的）,misnaming（错误命名；取名不当）the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive（认知的）error that has to do with how our memories classify（分类）and store familiar names.•The study,published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition,found that the"wrong"name is not random（随机的，随意的）but is invariably（总是）fished out（取出，拿出）from the same relationship pond（池）:children, siblings,friends.…”•The study also found that within that group,misnamings occurred where the names shared initial（最初的）or internal（内部的）sounds,like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob.Physical resemblance（相似）between people was nota factor.Nor was gender.simil/simu/sem相同：similar相似的；similarity相似之处；simile明喻（metaphor暗喻）；simulate模拟；假装；assemble集合，聚集；组装，装配（assembly line）；assimilate（使）同化；吸收，理解；simultaneous同时的•51.A)Unwanted.（不需要的；多余的；不受欢迎的；无用的）•52.B)It is a possible indicator（指示信号；标志；迹象）of a faulty（错误的）memory.•54.C)It is most frequently found in extended families（大家庭）.•55.B)They become worn out（疲惫不堪的）more often.。