2013年在职研究生《英语》考试大纲
2013年同等学力英语大纲(第六版)变化分析
2013年同等学力英语大纲〔第六版〕改变分析-近日，对在职考研的人们来说，最大的消息就是同等学力的英语大纲变了。
几经辗转，不少人也都络绎拿到了新的第六版大纲，细致分析力其中的样题。
从新大纲里，我们最大的感受只有四个字-----喜忧参半。
喜从何来？二卷的18分限制没有了！整张试卷，一个总成果定江山。
对中国考生来说，主观题局部没有硬性要求，汉译英也没有了，定然是个好消息。
忧从何来？首先，翻开样题的第一页，不少人就眉头大皱，以前的你一言我一语的口语交际竟然变成了很长一段对话里，挖出一些空位要填充。
这更须要考生对于英文的对话环境，说话规则更加熟识，从前那些“背台词”的方法完全失效。
Dialogue OneA. when it comes to the examB. you need to go over it yourselfC. then I can go through it again next timeStudent : I mean I want to do some of these problemsTeacher : Yeah.Student:But it’s taking time to do them.Teacher : When we cover something in the lesson,(1) . Work out the exercises in it. Erm, when you get a little bit stuck, sort it out yourself , and then think.Student: Yeah.Teacher: I know I see how you do it . And maybe if you’re totally stuck, (2) .Student: Yeah.Teacher:It’s really the more you do , Mm, on your own. Because (3) , you’re gonna be on your own. Keep working on it and you’ll be okay.完型后面，出现了一种新题型----短文完成，将几个单词先放进句子，再把句子放进段落，拼凑出一段文章，精确的说这是一种选词填空与选句子入段落相结合的题型。
2013考研英语大纲汇总
2013考研英语大纲汇总.table{border-left:1px #99CCFFsolid;border-top:1px #99CCFF solid} .tabletd{border-right:1px #99CCFF solid; border-bottom:1px #99CCFF solid; text-align:center;FONT-SIZE: 12px; COLOR: #000000; LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; FONT-FAMILY: ‘微软雅黑’} 2013考研英语大纲及解析 1 2013年考研英语大纲（英语大纲完整版）查看详情 2 2013年考研英语大纲一查看详情名师访谈 1 名师指导：2013考研英语大纲分析和备考思路查看详情整体解析 1 名师讲解：2013考研英语新大纲新增60词汇详解查看详情2 2013新增词汇速查词义词性分类词汇表查看详情3 大纲局部微调及应对策略查看详情4 2013考研英语大纲全方位解读—以不变应万变查看详情5 2013年与2012年英语（一）大纲变化分析查看详情6 2013年与2012年英语（二）考试大纲变化分析查看详情7 2013考研英语大纲：夯实基础，突出技巧查看详情专项解析 1 大纲变化应对策略—单词篇查看详情 2 大纲变化应对策略—阅读篇查看详情 3 大纲变化应对策略—写作篇查看详情 4 2013年考研英语完型解题之十大逻辑关系解析查看详情 5 考研英语翻译“拆分”势在必行查看详情6 英语（二）从三大方面入手提升翻译分数查看详情7 英语（二）大纲看翻译部分复习要点查看详情8 英语（二）大纲：翻译部分解析查看详情9 英语（二）翻译部分解析与应考策略查看详情 10 英语(一)大纲作文命题特点及应对策略查看详情 11 英语大纲解析:小作文写作技巧查看详情 12 英语大纲指导下的作文写作高分技巧查看详情 13 考研英语(一)大纲之阅读部分查看详情 14 英语大纲阅读Part A部分解析及复习策略查看详情 15 英语大纲阅读部分：实践与理论相结合查看详情 *说明:因各方面不断调整变化,此信息仅供参考。
2013年考研英语大纲词汇表
ad.撇开;分开,分离;相距,相隔
apart from除去
apologize/apologise
v.(to,for)道歉,认错
apology
n.道歉,歉意,认错
apparatus
n.器械,设备,仪器,装置
apparent
a.(to)明显的,显而易见的;表面的,貌似的
appeal
v.(to)呼吁,要求;对...有吸引力;申述,上诉
in addition另外
in addition to除...之外
additional
a.附加的,另外的,额外的
adhere
v.(to)粘附,胶着;坚持
adjacent
a.(to)邻近的,毗连的
adjoin
v.毗连,靠近
adjust
v.调节,调整,校正
administrate/administer
v.掌管,料理...的事务;实施,执行;给予,投(药)
accuse
v.（of）控告,谴责
accustom
v.（to）使习惯
accustomed
a.惯常的,习惯的
be accustomed to习惯于
acid
n.酸
a.酸的
acknowledge
v.承认;致谢
acquaint
v.(sb.with)使认识,使了解
acquaintance
n.熟人,相识
acquisition
articulate
a.善于表达的,口齿清晰的
v.明确有力地表达
artificial
a.人工的,人造的;人为的,娇揉造作的
artist
n.艺术家,美术家
artistic
2013年在职研究生考试时间、科目及考试大纲
2013年在职联考考试时间安排时间科⽬类别10⽉27⽇8:30-11:3010⽉27⽇14:30-17:00法律硕⼠专业综合外国语教育硕⼠教育学和⼼理学综合外国语、英语⼆体育硕⼠体育硕⼠⼊学资格考试——⼯程硕⼠GCT——农业推⼴硕⼠GCT——兽医硕⼠GCT——风景园林硕⼠GCT——公共卫⽣硕⼠公共卫⽣综合外国语⼯商管理硕⼠综合能⼒英语公共管理硕⼠公共管理综合能⼒测试外国语会计硕⼠综合知识英语艺术硕⼠艺术硕⼠⼊学资格考试——职业学校教师在职攻读硕⼠学位GCT——⽰范性软件学院软件⼯程领域⼯程硕⼠GCT——2013在职研究⽣考试⼤纲及科⽬代码类别联考科⽬考试⼤纲035100法律硕⼠外国语《在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语（⽇语、俄语）考试⼤纲》（科学技术⽂献出版社）专业综合《2013年在职攻读法律硕⼠专业学位研究⽣招⽣联考专业综合考试⼤纲》（中国⼈民⼤学出版社，2013版）045100教育硕⼠外国语《在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语（⽇语、俄语）考试⼤纲》（科学技术⽂献出版社）；其中，学科教学（英语）专业⽅向使⽤《在职攻读教育硕⼠专业学位全国统⼀（联合）考试⼤纲（英语⼆）》（北京师范⼤学出版社）教育学和⼼理学综合《在职攻读教育硕⼠专业学位全国统⼀（联合）考试⼤纲及指南》（教育学、⼼理学）（北京师范⼤学出版社）045200体育硕⼠体育硕⼠专业学位研究⽣⼊学资格考试《体育硕⼠专业学位研究⽣⼊学资格全国联考考试⼤纲及指南》（北京体育⼤学出版社，2013版）105300公共卫⽣硕⼠外国语《在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语（⽇语、俄语）考试⼤纲》（科学技术⽂献出版社）公共卫⽣综合《公共卫⽣硕⼠（MPH）专业学位联考考试⼤纲及考试指南（2013）》（北京⼤学医学出版社）⼯商英语《在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语考试⼤纲》（科学技术⽂献出版社）125100⼯商管理硕⼠综合能⼒《2013年在职攻读⼯商管理硕⼠专业学位⼊学考试综合能⼒考试⼤纲及报考指南》（机械⼯业出版社，2013）125200公共管理硕⼠外国语《在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语（⽇语、俄语）考试⼤纲》（科学技术⽂献出版社）公共管理综合能⼒测试《公共管理硕⼠（MPA ）专业学位联考考试⼤纲》（中国⼈民⼤学出版社，2013版）125300会计硕⼠英语《在职攻读硕⼠学位全国联考英语考试⼤纲》（科学技术⽂献出版社）综合知识《2013年会计硕⼠（MPAcc ）专业学位联考考试⼤纲及考试指南》（中国⼈民⼤学出版社，2013版）135100艺术硕⼠艺术硕⼠专业学位研究⽣⼊学资格考试《艺术硕⼠（MFA ）专业学位研究⽣⼊学资格全国联考考试⼤纲及指南》（中央⾳乐学院出版社）085200⼯程硕⼠GCT《硕⼠学位研究⽣⼊学资格考试指南》（科学技术⽂献出版社）095100农业推⼴硕⼠095200兽医硕⼠095300风景园林硕⼠920100职业学校教师在职攻读硕⼠学位940100⽰范性软件学院软件⼯程领域⼯程硕⼠940200⾼级管理⼈员⼯商管理硕⼠招⽣单位⾃⾏组织考试请咨询各招⽣单位。
2013年考研英语大纲(附新增60词汇)与考研政治大纲变动汇总
2013年考研大纲变动汇总【政治】与2012年的大纲进相比，2013年政治大纲在题型和分值方面没有变化，仅仅只是个别单科的分值进行了微调，马克思主义原理分值比例由原来是22%调为24%，思修法基础由原18%变为16%。
另，还有两处知识点的新增以及两处知识点的删减。
见下图：增加：“客观辩证法与主观辩证法”；“西方干涉主义的新特点”删除：“商品的价值量与劳动生产率的关系”；“资本主义民主制度与法制、政权组织形式、选举制度、政党制度”2013年政治新大纲中，《马克思主义基本原理概论》的变化是：增加4个考点，删除3个考点，修改有10处。
增加的4个考点：（1）辩证法部分增加“客观辩证法与主观辩证法”;（2）认识论部分增加“”唯物主义反映论与唯心主义先验论的对立；（3）认识论部分增加“自由与必然”。
（4）政治经济学部分增加“资本主义政治制度的进步作用和局限性”删除的3个考点：（1）认识论部分删除“两条根本对立的认识路线”；（2）政治经济学部分删除“商品价值量与劳动生产率的关系”;（3）删除“资本主义民主制度与法制、政权组织形式、选举制度、政党制度”。
修改的10个考点：（1）辩证法部分“唯物辩证法与认识方法和工作方法的一致性”修改为“唯物辩证法与认识方法和工作方法”; （2）“辩证唯物主义能动反映论与旧唯物主义直观反映论的原则区别”修改为“辩证唯物主义能动反映论与旧唯物主义直观反映论的区别”;（3）“认识世界与改造世界、改造客观世界与改造主观世界的辩证统一”修改为“认识世界与改造世界、改造客观世界与改造主观世界”;（4）唯物史观部分“社会存在和社会意识的内涵及其作用”修改为“社会存在和社会意识的构成及作用”;（5）“阶级斗争的含义和作用”修改为“阶级斗争的作用”;（6）“剩余价值的含义”修改为“剩余价值的实质”;（7）“绝对剩余价值生产和相对剩余价值生产”修改为“绝对剩余价值和相对剩余价值”;（8）“资本主义政治制度的本质”修改为“资本主义政治制度的构成及本质”；（9）“资本主义国家意识形态的产生和确立。
2013年在职人员攻读硕士学位全国联考 英语一
2013年在职人员攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试卷一Part I Dialogue Communication (15 minutes, 15 points)Section A Dialogue Completion1. Speaker A: You think Sara can tell me where I can go for some shoe shoping?Speaker B: ______ She has all the info for shopping.A. You bet.B. Try yourself.C. Why not?D. I double.2. Speaker A: Do you mind waiting while I grab my wallet?Speaker B: _______ We’ve still got time.A. Take it easy.B. Yes, please.C. I sure do.D. No hurry.3. Speaker A: Chinese or Italian, what would you prefer for dinner?Speaker B: _________, as far as I don’t have to cook.A. That sounds good.B. You said it.C. Either one.D. I like the former.4. Speaker A: Well you can see dolphins ahead of you if we don’t run out of fuel.Speaker B: Is that right? _________.Speaker A: Maybe about another two and a half hours.A. I couldn’t wait to see them.B. When would it be?C. How long will it take?D. How fast should we do?5. Speaker A: Do you have the notes from last week’s class? I was sick last time.Speaker B: ________ Here you go.A. Oh, yes.B. Why not?C. What’s wrong with you?D. I didn’t know.Section B Dialogue Comprehension6. Bob: She is a great teacher!John: You can say that again!Question: What does John mean?A. He doubts what Bob saysB. He entirely agrees with Bob.C. He totally disagrees with Bob.D. He fails to understand Bob.7. Rita: Susan, you could become a model.Susan: Don’t make me laugh!Question: What does Susan mean?A. She is amused by Rita.B. She is interested in Rita’s suggestionC. She is confused by Rita’s words.D. She is unlikely to become a model.8. Woman: Have you got your TV set fixed?Man: I haven’t missed it enough yet.Question: What does the man mean?A. He hasn’t learned how to fix the TV.B. He doesn’t like watching TV.C. He hasn’t finished fixing his TV.D. He hasn’t found his TV set yet.9. Woman: What do you think of the new novel by William Golding?Man: Well, that one takes a really close reading.Question: What does the man mean?A. He doesn’t like reading the book.B. He’d love to have time to read it.C. The novel is difficult to understand.D. The novel is well worth reading.10. Woman: I don’t think it’s a good idea to discuss our problem with your sister.Man: I feel it’s done me good to get it off my chest.Question: What does the man mean?A. He welcomes the challenge posed by the problem.B. He felt much better after talking to his sister.C. His sister helped him solve the problem.D. His sister managed to ease his burden.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)11. Smith has repaired the roof to ______ the house is wind-resistant.A. improveB. proveC. insureD. ensure12. He was influenced by a biology teacher to ______ the study of medicine.A. make upB. take upC. hold upD. pull up13. Because his movements were so ____ I was hardly aware he was moving at all.A. swiftB. obviousC. gracefulD. slight14. Student journalists are taught how to be _____ when writing in a limited space.A. conciseB. properC. complexD. perfect15. She had no appetite, and _____ toyed with the bread and cheese.A. speciallyB. rarelyC. randomlyD. merely16. For their own safety, household pets should be ______ to their own yard.A. confinedB. reducedC. exposedD. led17. I’m keeping my _____ open; I have not made a decision on this matter.A. questionsB. optionsC. schedulesD. chances18. It’s what he did _____ what he said that impressed all at the meeting.A. exceptB. but alsoC. insteadD. rather than19. _____ a few years ago, the existence of sexual harassment in many businesseswas scarcely acknowledged.A. BeforeB. SinceC. UntilD. Up to20. Jim was _____ asking his mother to buy him a new bike, so she finally gave in.A. hesitant aboutB. concerned withC. eager forD. persistent in21. The whole village ______ by a sudden flood, they had to stay in tents.A. having been destroyedB. has been destroyedC. was destroyedD. had been destroyed22. Good morning, class. ______ of you wants to do the presentation first?A. WhichB. WhomC. WhatD. Who23. I’ve no idea when she’ll be back. _____ you wait or come back later is up to you.A. WhenB. IfC. WhetherD. That24. We tend to think the men we like are good for everything, and ____ we don’t.A. onesB. thoseC. the oneD. that25. It is widely accepted now that having more children _____ a lower standard ofliving.A. implyB. impliesC. has impliedD. implied26. When my computer suddenly broke down, I noticed that I _____ to save thedocument.A. would forgetB. have forgottenC. was forgettingD. had forgotten27. This is ____ the advertising for these products wants to make us think.A. whyB. thatC. howD. what28. He _____ the exam, but he failed for his carelessness.A. hadn’t passedB. could passC. could have passedD. had passed29. The tanker broke in the middle, _____ out a great amount of oil into the sea.A. pouredB. pouringC. to pourD. having poured30. We used to work in the same office and we _____ have coffee together.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Passage One“The moose (驯鹿) is odd and awkward to look at. Why should it stand so high at the shoulders? Why have so long a head?” The 19th-century writer of those words, Henry David Thoreau, was hardly alone in his comment of the moose. Moose’s funny appearance makes us think that it is clumsy and slow witted. Is that true? Researchers in North American have uncovered many facts about this unusual animal. No one denies that the moose is a giant. Adult moose can grow as high as 1.5 to 2 meters, and weigh as 816 kg. Although is has long legs that make it seem foolish, it can run up to 55 km per hour, and those legs can kick off an entire pack of wolves. Moose is vegetarian. It feeds on woody plants, leaves and water plants. It learns to swim within days of birth, and they have been observed swimming for miles and diving to a depth of nearly 6 meters to feed on water plants!A moose can move its eyes and detect motion almost directly behind it without turning its head. Its nose is also effective tool. Researchers suggest that because the moose’s nostrils (鼻孔) are far apart , they may give it the unusual ability to locate the objects on a 3D scale. The moose’s hearing adds another merit to its sensory package. Its ears can turn to all directions, and they can pick up sounds from other moose as far as 3 km away!Baby moose tend to be curious and carefree. Their mothers protect them by providing tender and loyal care. They will attack any who are too close to there young, including wolves, bears, and even humans. Finally, when the young is about a year old and its mother is newly pregnant, the mother aggressively drives it away so that it can begin caring for itself.31. The moose looks odd and awkward, so ______.A. many people make fun of itB. many people consider it foolishC. many researchers study itD. many people are afraid of it32. The word “vegetarian” (Para. 2) probably means ______.A. lovelyB. kind-heartedC. hugeD. plant-eating33. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that the moose _______.A. is a gentle animalB. is an aggressive animalC. has very sharp sensesD. lives far apart from one another34. We can conclude from the last paragraph that mother moose ______.A. take good care of their kids only for a short timeB. take those approaching their young as a threatC. give birth to only one baby once in a yearD. prefer younger babies to older ones35. This passage is intended to tell us that ______.A. the moose is really a giant and quite animalB. we should protect the environment for the mooseC. the moose is not clumsy and foolish at allD. people should not disturb the moose’s lifePassage twoI have a vegetable garden and every summer I enjoy eating my own vegetables. One day last summer I picked a dozen carrots. Usually, as soon as I have picked the carrots, I clean the dirt off them by washing them in a bucket of water. But this day, as I was getting up from the ground with my twelve carrots, I tripped (绊) and fell over the bucket. The water spilled out of the bucket, so I decided to wash the carrots quickly in the kitchen sink. I put the carrots in the sink, washed them with water, and watched all the dirt washed away down the drain.The next day, when I was washing dishes, I noticed that the water drained out of the sink much more slowly than usual. It drained so slowly that I called a plumber (水管工) to come and fix my drain. The plumber tried a lot of different cleaners and equipment, but nothing worked. He had to cut a hole in the floor where the drain pipe was in order to try to find the problem. While he was cutting the small hole, he accidentally cut the hot-water pipe. Hot water sprayed over the plumber, onto the floor, under the refrigerator; water went everywhere.My refrigerator stopped working because the water had affected the electrical wires. I called an electrician to come and fix the refrigerator. The electrician had to move the refrigerator to work on the wires. As she was balancing it, she tripped over the plumber’s tools. She fell down and the refrigerator tipped over. It crashed into the wall, resulting in a huge hole in the wall.I called a carpenter to come and fix the wall. In order to repair the hole in the wall, the carpenter had to tear down half of the entire wall. Meanwhile, the plumber was still looking for the source of the drain problem. Since the kitchen was in a terrible mess anyway, the plumber decided to remove part of the floor to look at the pipe there. In the middle of the floor, he found the problem: the dirt from the carrots was stuck in the pipe and nothing could go through.Now I had a sink that did not drain, a refrigerator that did not work, a wall that was half gone, and part of a floor that was missing. I looked at this disaster and decided that what I really needed was a new kitchen. Finally, I called a house builder to come can fix my kitchen. Three weeks later I had a new sink, a new refrigerator, new cupboards on a new wall, new tiles on a new floor, and $10,000 less in my bank.36. The carrots were washed in the sink instead of the bucket because _______.A. the water bucket fell overB. dinner needed to be made soonC. carrots were always washed in itD. they could be washed more cleanly37. The plumber did all the following EXCEPT ________.A. cut a hole in the floorB. cut the hot-water pipeC. try different cleanersD. tear down part of the wall38. Which of the following caused the hole in the wall?A. Water that sprayed on it.B. The electrician who worked on the wires.C. The refrigerator that crashed into it.D. The plumber who used a wrong tool.39. Which of the following items was NOT damaged?A. The wall.B. The ceiling.C. The hot water pipe.D. The floor.40. The best title of the passage would be “_________”.A. How a dozen carrots cost $10,000B. What the dirt from carrots could doC. Carrots can be very expensiveD. A careless homeownerPassage ThreeMore boys than girls are born all over the world, but a new study has found that the closer people live to the equator (赤道), the smaller the difference becomes. No one knows why.The imbalanced sex ratio at birth has been known for more than a hundred years, and researchers have found a large variety of social, economic and biological factors that relate to the sex ratio at birth----war, economic stress, age, diet, selective, abortion and more. But latitude (纬度) is a natural phenomenon, unaffected by cultural or economic factors.To look at the effect of latitude, Kristen J. Navara of the University of Georgia used the latitude of the capital city in 202 countries, as well as 10 years of data on sex ratio at birth and annual variations in day length and temperature. Dr. Navara performed a statistical analysis which showed that there was a significant relation between sex ratios in favor of boys and latitude. African countries produced the lowest sex ratios----50.7 percent boys----and European and Asian countries had the highest with 51.4 percent.There are some possible explanations, but none entirely satisfactory. It could be that there is some survival value in producing more girls in warmer regions, but it is unclear what this might be. There may be genetic or racial differences that could explain it, but the connection persists over so many varied populations that this seems unlikely. Mice also produce more male offspring during shorter days or colderweather, but the reasons in these animals are just as mysterious as they are in humans.“There’s a possibility that humans might be responding to factors they were programmed to respond to a long time ago----not cultural or socioeconomic, but climate and things like latitude,” Dr. Navara said. “What’s interesting is that we may be seeing something that connects us with our animal ancestry.”41. What can be learned from the first paragraph?A. The closer to the equator, the more boys are born.B. Boys are more used to colder places.C. Girls have a higher birth rate than boys near the equator.D. In warmer places the birth ratio between boys and girls is lower.42. Out of all the influencing factors of birth ratio, Dr. Navara focuses on ________.A. cultureB. economyC. latitudeD. stress43. Dr. Navara reached her conclusion through _________.A. comparing dataB. field studyC. conducting a surveyD. map reading44. According to Navara, which of the following probably explains the imbalancedsex ratio?A. There is cultural preference for boys.B. Humans are designed that the way by nature.C. Different races have different birth ratios.D. Humans are different from animals in birth ratio.45. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To tell a mysterious story.B. To report a scientific experiment.C. To explain an interesting phenomenon.D. To argue for a viewpoint.Passage FourOn July 15th India will become the latest country shut down its official telegram service. In Britain, telegrams were replaced by Telemessages, which were simply telegrams printed out and put into the post, in 1982. America’s telegram service,operated by Western Union, ended in 2006. Australia shut down its telegram service in 2011. Are telegrams dead?Not quite. The honorable technology still clings to life, and not just in India. The mechanical telegraph dates back to 1790s. In the 1840s such mechanical telegraphs gave way to electrical telegraphs, which sent messages as coded pluses along wires, and the word “telegram” emerged shortly afterwards to describe a message sent by telegraph. The invention of the telephone in the 1870s did not result in the immediate decline of the telegram, because the technical difficulty and expense of making long-distance phone calls meant that telegrams were still the easiest way to send international messages quickly. Bus as long-distance telephony became cheaper and easier, it was only a matter of time. From the 1970s, the emergence of electronic means of communication, starting with the fax machine, and then followed by e-mail and mobile-phone text messages in the 1990s, restricted telegrams to ceremonial uses such as messages relating to births, marriages and deaths.In India, the telegram held on a bit longer because it was used for internal government communications. Even after the shut-down of India’s official service, the telegram survives in a few other countries, including Belgium, Japan and Sweden, where it was kept as a nostalgic (怀旧的) service. So despite several recent reports to the contrary, the telegram is not quite dead, and will probably never die.Moreover, in some ways the tradition of the telegram is healthier than ever. Tweets, like text messages, also require users to keep their messages brief and telegraphic. Such digital messages have undermined the business case for the telegram, but have preserved aspects of telegraphic tradition. Some mobile phones used to announce incoming text messages with beeps that sound like Morse code, the international alphabet of telegraphy. The 19th-century technology of the telegram lives on, in spirit at least, in our 21st-century devices.46. Which of the following is the first country to end its telegram service?A. India.B. Britain.C. America.D. Australia.47. The second paragraph is a brief view of ________.A. the historical role of the telegramB. the latest development of telegram serviceC. the beginning and declining of telegramsD. the development of modern technologies48. The drastic drop of telegram services is mainly caused by ________.A. long-distance telephony and faxB. long-distance telephony and Internet servicesC. fax and mobile-phone text messagesD. Internet services and mobile-phone text messages49. Telegram services are still kept in some countries for ______.A. reminding people of the good old daysB. ceremonial uses for major eventsC. internal government communicationsD. communications between private firms50. The main idea of the last paragraph is that _______.A. old technologies will be replaced by new onesB. the once great telegraphy is becoming historyC. the spirit of telegraphy will last longD. telegram services will soon die outPart IV Cloze (15 minutes, 10 points)A lot of people want their lives to change for the better but not everyone pulls it off mainly because they feel chained to their present circumstances. And _51_ external factors do play a role in how your life shapes out, the fact is, most of the things holding you back are living _52_ your head.Kick those ideas and mindsets (思维定势) out, and you’ll start seeing the world in a more _53_ light. Doors will open up, great _54_ will come to you more often, and you’ll ha ve a much better life in _55_. The big positive changes _56_ you want your life to have can actually be achieved by making small adjustments _57_ how you think.And the best part is it’s not even that _58_. You just have to train yourself to think and look at life a little _59_. Here are few mind shifts that you can try right now to rethink your problems in order to start feeling more positive: Change” I need to spend less” to “I need to _60_ more”, “I can’t” to “I won’t”, and “I failed” to “I learned”.51. A. while B. when C. if D. since52. A. outside B. for C. inside D. with53. A. negative B. positive C. radical D. rational54. A. challenges B. events C. theories D. ideas55. A. general B. conclusion C. secret D. practice56. A. what B. that C. for which D. for what57. A. at B. as C. to D. by58. A. bad B. happy C. easy D. hard59. A. logically B. differently C. realistically D. amusingly60. A. spend B. look C. earn D. take英语试卷二Part V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Going on holiday can be one of the most memorable events of your life. But it can be memorably good or memorably bad. The fact is that it can become a nightmare if you rely totally on travel agencies.With access to the Internet, you are now able to research, to investigate the environment you plan to be in, and to adjust your plans to take local features into account. You can make bookings for flights, accommodation, tours and many kinds of services. Even if you do decide to book through a reliable travel agency, you can still do plenty of research and make informed decisions before doing so. In the end you will usually get lower prices and the result you want, rather than possibly being persuaded into something you may not like.If they recommend certain airlines, accommodation, etc., check prices and alternatives elsewhere. The agency may be working on commission for business partners, and so prices can very considerably.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15points)You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “What I think of the Chinese dream”. You may base your composition on the Chinese clues given below.新一届中央领导提出了“中国梦”的概念。
2013级在职研究生英语二写作
在职研究生英语写作2013级第一学期（2013,10~2014,1）写作考试要求用书面英语表达个人的思想和见解。
作文题目及写作提纲和要求都已经给出，不可自己设计标题和写作内容。
一般要求150英语单词完成。
考试共有四种写作文体：议论文、看图作文、图表作文、读后感（情景）写作，每次考试选择其中一种文体。
2013级第一学期要求完成以下四篇英语写作作业，具体要求是：作业用统一封面，封面信息请手工填写；请分别用中英文完成；必须套用课本中的写作模板；各段落要求按照课本要求；字体要求见课本最后一页。
1、议论文写作Directions:Write at least 150 words about the following topic. You should write according to the title More Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese and outline given below:Topic:1. 由于外来文化对中国的影响，国家对英语学习的要求不断提高，中国学生越来越忽视中文学习。
2. 中国学生学习本国文化知识的重要意义，从三点来论述。
3. 对学生如何正确合理安排英语及中文学习的看法和建议。
2）、看图写作Directions:Write at least 150 words about the following topic. You should write your essay according to the outline given below:Topic:mon challenges for graduates.2.Ways for graduates.3.Your suggestions.3）、图表写作Directions: Write at least 150 words about the following topic. You should write according to the title How people use their internet? And outline given below: Topic:4）、读后感写作 （也称为规定情景作文，一般不设作文标题） Directions: Write at least 150 words about the following topic. You should write according to the NEWS given below: Topic:Study 学习News 新闻 Email 邮件Chat 聊天 Games 游戏百分比60%20%20%凤凰财经网报导：中国人力资源和社会保障部副部长胡晓义今日说，“人口老龄化是21世纪全球性难题，而我们国家的“未富先老”情况更为严峻和复杂。
考研2013大纲英语
E21-IXxwGCkDz04Y'j5:3VM 过 超 得 不 间 业 作 次 每 护 监 上 以 人 两 排 外 在 定 固 端 一 绳 险 保 带 全 安 系 罩 面 毒 防 戴 须 必 内 入 进 风 通 洗 清 后 然 液 化 消 空 放 先 要 ， 时 修 检 罐 酵 发 氧 厌
间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等； 间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等； 简
过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。这意 程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。这意味
此外， 全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非 此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非 英语专业考生设置的。考虑到交际的需要，考生 英语专业考生设置的。考虑到交际的需要，考生 还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇， 以 还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以 及涉及个人好恶、 生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的 及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的 词汇。 Ⅰ 英 语 知 识 运 用 （10 分） / 该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言 词汇。
6） 理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系；6）理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系；
息、理解文章、猜测重要生词词 获取信息、理解文章、猜 阅读理解 A 节
的文字材料。题材包括经济、管 考生应能读懂不同题材 包括说明文、议论文和记叙文 等。 根据阅读材料，考生应能： 1)理解主旨要义； 2)理解文中的具体信息； 3)理解语篇的结构及上下文的 逻辑关系； 4) 根据上下文推断重要生词 或词组的含义； 5)进行一定的判断和推理； 6)理解作者的意图、观点或态 度。
语言技能：写作
考生应能根据所给的提纲， 情景 考生应能根据所给的提 文应中心思想明确，切中题意， 的短文写作。短文应中心 结构清晰， 条理清楚， 用词恰当，思想明确，切中题意，结 无明显语言错误。 择其中的一种形式。 构清晰，条理清楚，用词 该部分要求考生根据所 （标点符号不计算在 该部分题型有两种， 每次考试选 恰当，无明显语言错误。 1） 考生根据所给情景写出约 100 给情景写出约 100 词（标点符号不计算在内）的应 词 用性短文，包括私人和公务信 函、备忘录、报告等。 内）的应用性短文，包括 私人和公务信函、备忘
2013年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试大纲词汇表及核心词汇(完整版)
AA,anart.一(个);任何一个;每,每一件abandonv.放弃;抛弃abilityn.能力,智能;才能,才干ablea.有能力的,能干的,显示出才华的able to inf. 能,会aboardad.在船(飞机,车)上,上船（飞机,车）prep.在（船,飞机,车）上,上（船,飞机,车）abortionn.流产，夭折aboutad.在周围,附近,到处;大约,差不多prep.关于,对于;在…周围,在…附近a.准备be about to+inf.即将aboveprep.在…上面,超过,高于a.上面的,上述的ad.在上面,以上above all首要,尤其abroadad.到国外,在国外;到处absencen.缺席,不在场;缺乏,没有absenta.(from)缺席,不在场;缺乏的漫不经心的absolutea.绝对的,完全的absorbv.吸收;吸收,使专心be absorbed in专心于abusen.滥用，虐待，辱骂；陋习，弊端V 滥用，虐待，辱骂academica.学院的;学术的acceptv.接受,认可;同意,认可acceptablea.可接受的acceptancen.接受,验收;承认,认可accessn.接近,进入;入口,通道,入口;接近（或进入）的方法have/gain access to可以获得accidentn.事故;意外的事,偶然的事by accident偶然accompanyv.陪同,伴随;为…伴奏accomplishv.完成according to按照,根据accountn.账（目,户）;叙述,说明v.说明,解释account for说明（原因等）on account of因为,由于take …into account考虑accuratea.精确的,准确的accusev.（of）控告,谴责accustomeda.惯常的,习惯的be accustomed to习惯于achev.痛n.疼痛,酸痛achievev.完成;达到,达成,获得achievementn. 完成;达到, ,获得acidn.酸a.酸的acquirev.取得,获得;学到acren.英亩acrossprep.横过,穿过;在...对面,与...交叉ad.横过,穿过,横断;宽,阔actv.行动,做事;(on)起作用;表演n.行为,动作;(一)幕;法令,条例actionn.行动,行为;动作,活动;(on)作用activea.有活力的,活跃的,敏捷的,在活动中的activistn.积极分子，活动分子actorn.男演员actressn.女演员actuala.实际的,现实的ActuallyAd.事实上ad=advertisementn.广告adaptv.(to)(使)适应,适合;改编,改写addv.(to)加,增加;补充说,又说add up to合计,总计additionn.(增)加,加法;附加(物)in addition另外in addition to除...之外addressn.地址,通讯处,致词v.致函,写姓名地址;向...讲话adequatea.足够的,充分的,恰当的v.毗连,靠近adjustv.调节,调整,校正)administrationn.管理,经营;行政(机关,部门);政府admirev.钦佩,赞赏,羡慕admitv.让...进入,接纳;承认adoptv.采用,采纳,通过;收养adultn.成(年)人a.成年人的,已成熟的advancev.前进,进展;推进,促进;提出(建议等);提前n.前进,进展;预付,预支in advance提前,预先advanceda. 高级的,先进的,前进的advantagen.优点,长处,有利条件;利益,好处gain/have an advantage over胜过,优于take advantage of利用adventuren.冒险,冒险活动;奇遇advertisev.做广告advertisementn.广告advicen.劝告,忠告,(医生等的)意见advisablen.可取的,适当的advisev.劝告,忠告;建议;通知v.提倡,鼓吹aeroplane/airplanen.飞机aerospacen.太空,宇宙空间affairn.事,事情,事件affectv.影响;感动affectionn.爱,慈爱,感情;影响affordv.担负得起,买得起,花得起(时间);供给,给予afraida.(of)怕,害怕的;恐怕,担心的African.非洲Africana.非洲(人)的n.非洲人afterprep.在…以后,在...后面conj.在...后ad.以后,后来afternoonn.下午,午后againad.又,再(次),重新againstprep.对(着),逆;反对;违反;靠近,倚在;对比agen.年龄;时期,时代v.变老,老化agoad.以前,...前agonyn.苦恼,痛苦agreev.(to,with)同意,赞成;一致,适合agreementn.同意,一致;协定,协议agriculturen.农业aheadad.在前,向前,提前,前头ahead of在...前面,先于aidv.援助,救援,帮助n.援助,救护;助手,辅助物,辅助设备aimv.(at)目的在于,旨在;瞄准,针对n.目标,目的airn.空气,大气,天空;神气,架子v.使通风in the air在流行中,在传播中aircraftn.航空器,飞机airlinen.航线;航空公司airplanen.飞机airportn.机场,航空站alarmn.警报;惊恐,惊慌v.使惊恐,惊动,惊吓;向...报警alcoholn.酒精,乙醇alikea.相同的,想像的alivea.活着着;活跃的,热闹的alla.所有的,全部的pron.一切,全部ad.完全,都,十分above all首要,尤其after all终于,毕竟;虽然这样all but几乎,差一点;除...之外其余都all out全力以赴,竭尽全力all over遍及,到处all right行,可以;顺利,良好at all完全,根本in all总共,共计not at all一点也不allowv.允许,准许;承认;让...得到allow for考虑到allowancen.津贴,补助(费)make allowance(s) for考虑到,顾及;体谅,原谅almostad.几乎,差不多alonea.单独,独立,独一无二的ad.仅仅,只;单独地,独自leave/let...alone听其自然,不要去管let alone更不用说alongprep.沿着ad.向前along with与...一起aloudad.出声地,大声地alphabetn.字母表alreadyad.已,已经alsoad.也,同样;而且,还alterv.改变,变更althoughconj.尽管,虽然,即使altogetherad.完全,全部地;总共;总之aluminum/aluminiumn.铝alwaysad.永远,始终;总是,一直amazev.使惊奇,使惊愕,使惊叹amazinga.令人惊讶的,令人吃惊的,ambitionn.雄心,野心ambitiousa.有雄心的,野心勃勃的ambulancen.救护车American.美洲;美国Americana.美洲(人)的;美国(人)的n.美国人;美国人among(st)prep.在…之中,在...中间amountn.数量,总额v.(to)合计,总共达,等于amusev.逗...笑,给...以娱乐(消遣)analysisn.分析,分解analyze/analysev.分析,分解ancestorn.祖宗,祖先anchorn.锚v.抛锚,停泊ancienta.古代的,古老的andconj.和,与,而且;那么;接连,又angeln.天使angern.(愤)怒,气愤v.使发怒,激怒anglen.角;角度,方面,观点angrya.愤怒的;生气的;(风雨等)狂暴的animaln.动物,野兽,牲畜a.动物的,野兽的anklen.踝announcev.宣布,发表,通行;报告...的来到annoyv.使恼怒,使生气,打搅annuala.每年的,年度的n.年刊,年鉴anothera.另一,再一;别的,不同的pron.另一个,类似的一个one after another一个接一个one another互相answerv.回答,答复,响应;(for)负责,保证;(to)符合,适合n.回答,答复,答案antarctica.南极(区)的n.[the Antarctic]南极洲,南极(圈)antennan.天线anxietyn.挂念,焦虑,焦急,忧虑;渴望,热望anxiousa.(about)忧虑的,担心的,焦急的;渴望的anya.[否定,疑问,条件句中]什么,一些;任何的,任一的pron.无论哪个,无论哪些;一个,一些ad.稍,丝毫anybodypron.任何人,无论谁;重要人物anyhowad.不管怎样,无论如何;不论用何种办法anyone=anybodypron.任何人,无论谁anythingpron.无论什么事(物),一切;什么事(物),任何事(物)anything but除...以外任何事(物),根本不anyway=anyhowad.无论如何anywheread.在什么地方,无论哪里apartad.撇开;分开,分离;相距,相隔apart from除去apologyn.道歉,歉意,认错apparatusn.器械,设备,仪器,装置apparenta.(to)明显的,显而易见的;表面的,貌似的appealv.(to)呼吁,要求;对...有吸引力;申述,上诉n.(to)呼吁,要求;吸引力;申诉,上诉appearv.出现,显露;出场,问世;来到;好像是,仿佛appearancen.出现,出场,露面;外表,外貌,外观appetiten.食欲,胃口;欲望,爱好,要求applen.苹果(树)appliancen.用具,器具appliantn.申请者applicationn.请求,申请(书,表);应用,运用;施用,敷用applyv.(for)申请,请求;(to)适用,应用,运用appointv.任命,委任;约定,指定appointmentn.任命,委任;约定,指定appreciatev.感谢,感激;正确评价,欣赏,赏识approachv.靠近,接近,邻近n.方法,途径;探讨appropriatea.(to)适当的,恰如其分的approvaln.赞成,同意;认可,批准approvev.(of)赞成,满意,同意;批准,审定,通过approximatelyad.近似地,大约Apriln.四月Arabn.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯的Arabiann.阿拉伯人a.阿拉伯(人)的archaeologyn.考古学architecturen.建筑(式样,风格);建筑学arctica.北极(区)的n.[the Arctic]北极,北极圈arean.面积;地区,区域;范围,领域arguev.争论,辩论;主张,论证;说服argumentn.争论,辨认;论据,论点arisev.出现,发生;(from)由…引起,由...产生arithmeticn.算术armn.(手)臂,臂状物;扶手,衣袖;[pl.][总称]武器,武装v.武装,装备armyn.军(队),陆军;大群aroundad.各处,到处;周围,在附近;大约prep.在...周围,在...附近,在...各地arousev.唤醒,唤起;激起,引起arrangev.整理,排列,布置;安排,筹备arrangementn.安排，准备工作；整理，布置arrestv./n.逮捕,拘留arrivaln.到来,到达;到达的人或物arrivev.到达,来到arrive at达到,得出arrown.箭;箭头(符号),箭状物artn.艺术,美术;技术,技艺;[pl.]文科,人文学科articlen.文章,论文;物品,商品;项目,条款;冠词artificiala.人工的,人造的;人为的,娇揉造作的artistn.艺术家,美术家artistica.艺术(家)的,美术(家)的asad.一样,同样conj.像...一样;由于;正当;以致;虽然,尽管prep.作为,如同ashn.灰(烬)ashameda.(of)羞耻,惭愧,害臊Asian.亚洲Asiana.亚洲(人)的n.亚洲人asidead.在旁边,到旁边aside from除...以外askv.(询)问;请求,要求;(邀)请,约请asleepa.睡着的aspectn.样子,外表,面貌;(问题等的)方面assemblev.集合,集会,会议;装配assemblyn.集合,集会,会议;装配assessv.估价,评价assetn. （pl.）资产，财产；有用的资源，宝贵的人/物；优点，益处assignv.分配,委派;指定(时间,地点等)assignmentn.分配,委派;任务,(课外)作业assistv.帮助,援助,协助assistantn.助手,助教a.辅助的,助理的associatev.(with)使联系,使联合;交往,结合n.合作人,伙伴,同事,同行a.副的associationn.协会,团体;联合,联系,交往;联想assumev.假装;假定,设想;采取,承担;呈现assurev.使确信,使放心;保证,担保astonishv.使惊讶,使吃惊astronautn.宇航员astronomyn.天文学atprep.[表示地点,位置,场合]在,于,到...处;[表示时刻,时节,年龄]在...时,当;[表示目标,方向]对着,向;[表示速度,价格等]以,在...方面athleten.运动员Atlantica.大西洋的n.[the Atlantic]大西洋atmospheren.大气(层);空气;气氛,环境;大气压(压力单位)atomn.原子;微粒,微量atomica.原子的，原子能的attachv.(to)缚上,系上,贴上;使依附,使隶属,使依恋attached to附属于,隶属于attackv./n.攻击,进攻,抨击;着手,开始n.(病)发作attemptv.尝试,试图n.(at)企图,努力attendv.出席,参加;(to)照顾,护理attentionn.注意(力),留心;立正pay attentin to注意attituden.(to,towards)态度,看法;姿势attorneyn.律师attractv.吸引,招引,引诱,引起(注意等) attractionn.吸引,吸引力attractivea.有吸引力的,引起兴趣的,动人的attributen.属性,品质,特征v.(to)把…归于;认为...是...所为auctionn.拍卖vt.拍卖audiencen.听众,观众,读者;谒见,会见audion./a.声音（的），听觉(的)；音频（的），音响（的）Augustn.八月auntn.伯母,婶母,姑母,舅母,姨母Australian.澳大利亚,澳洲Australiana.澳洲的;澳大利亚(人)的n.澳大利亚人authorn.作者;创始人authorityn.权力,威信,权威;权威者,有权威性的典籍;[pl.]当局,官方auton.汽车automaticn.自动机构a.自动的,无意识的,机械的automobilen.汽车autumn n.秋(季)auxiliarya.辅助的,补助的availablea.可用的,可得到的;可以见到的,随时可来的avenuen.林荫道,大街;途径,手段averagen.平均(数)a.平均的;通常的,一般的avoidv.避免,回避,逃避awakea.醒着的,警觉的v.唤醒,唤起;醒,觉醒,醒悟到,认识到awardn.奖(品)v.授予,奖给awarea.(of)知道的,意识到的awayad.离开,远离;…去,...掉;不断...下去right away立即,马上awfula.极度的,极坏的,糟糕的;威严的,可怕的ad.十分,极度地awkwarda.笨拙的,不灵活的;棘手的,尴尬的;使用不便的ax/axen.斧(子)axisn.轴(线);构图中心线Bbabyn.婴儿,孩子bachelorn.单身汉;[亦作B-]学士(学位)backn.背(面),后面a.后面的ad.在后,向后;回,回复;以前v.后退;支持backgroundn.背景,经历backwarda.向后的,倒行的,落后的;迟钝的ad.(also backwards)向后,朝反方向bacterium([pl.]bacteria)n.细菌bagn.袋,包baggagen.行李balancev.称,(使)平衡n.天平,称;平衡,均衡;差额,结余,余款balln.球,球状物;舞会balloonn.气球bananan.香蕉bandn.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙v.缚,绑扎bankn.岸,堤;银行,库v.存入银行bankern. 银行家bankrupta.破产的barn.条,杆,棒,棍,闩;酒吧,餐柜;栅,栏,障碍(物)v.闩上,阻拦,拦住,妨碍barbern.理发师barea.赤裸的,光秃的,空的;稀少的,仅有的v.露出,暴露bargainn.廉价货;交易,契约,合同v.议价,成交barkv.吠叫,咆哮n.吠声,狗叫声barreln.桶;枪管,炮管barriern.栅栏,屏障;障碍(物)basen.基础,底部;基地,根据地v.(on)把...基于,以...为根据baseballn.棒球basementn.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖basica.基本的,基础的Basicallyad.基本地，根本地basinn.盆,脸盆;内海,盆地basisn.基础,根据on the basis of根据,在...的基础上basketn.篮(子),篓basketballn.篮球bathn.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆)v.(给...)洗澡batteryn.电池(组);炮兵连,炮组battlen.战役,战斗;斗争v.战斗,斗争,搏斗bev.(就)是,等于;(存)在;到达,来到,发生beachn.海滩,湖滩,河滩beamn.(横)梁,桁条;(光线的)束,柱v.微笑;发光beann.豆;菜豆,蚕豆bearn.熊v.忍受,容忍;负担,负荷;结果实,生子女beardn.胡须beastn.兽,牲畜;凶残的人,举止粗鲁的人beatn.敲打,敲击声,节拍;(心脏等)跳动,搏动v.打,敲;打败,战胜;(心脏等)跳动,搏动beautifula.美(好)的beautyn.美(丽);美人,美丽的东西becauseconj.因为becomev.成为,变得;适宜,同...相称bedn.床(位);苗床,圃,花坛;河床,矿床,海底been.(蜜)蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在…以前;在...前面,当着...的面conj.在...之前ad.前面,从前,早些时候begv.乞求,乞讨;请求,恳求beggarn.乞丐，穷人beginv.开始beginningn.开始,开端behalfn.利益on behalf of代表,为了behavev.举止,举动,表现;运转,开动behavior/behaviourn.行为,举止;(机器的)特性behindprep.在…后面,落后于ad.在后,向后,落后beingn.生物,人;存在,生存beliefn.信仰,信条;相信,信念believev.(in)相信,信仰;认为belln.钟,铃belongv.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等)beloveda./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人belowprep.在...下面,在...以下ad.在下面,向下beltn.(皮)带,腰带;地带benchn.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座bendv.(使)弯曲;屈从,屈服n.弯曲(处),曲折处beneathprep.在…下边,在...之下ad.在下方beneficiala.(to)有利的,有益的benefitn.利益,好处,恩惠v.有益于;(from,by)受益benta.弯曲的besideprep.在…旁边,在...附近;与...相比besidesprep.除...之外ad.而且,还有besta.最好的ad.最,最好(地)betv.赌,打赌n.打赌,赌注bettera.较好的,更好的ad.更好(地)v.改良,改善n.较佳者,较优者betweenprep.在(两者)之间ad.当中,中间beyondprep.在(或向)...的那边,远于;迟于;超出ad.在那边,在远处Biblen.圣经bicyclen.自行车bidv.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标n.出众,投标biga.大的,巨大的;重大的,重要的biken.自行车billn.账单;招贴,广告;单子,清单,(人员,职称等的)表;钞票billionnum./n.[美]十亿,[英]万亿bindv.捆,绑,包括,束缚biographyn.传记biologyn.生物学birdn.鸟,禽birthn.出生,分娩;出身,血统birthdayn. 生日biscuitn.饼干,点心bitn.一点,一片,一些bitev./n.咬,叮n.一口bittera.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的blacka.黑(色)的,黑暗的n.黑人,黑色blackboardn.黑板bladen. 刀刃，刀片；叶片；翼blamev.责备;怪,怨,把…归咎于n.责任,过错;责备blanka.空白的,空着的;失色的,无表情的n.空白;表格blanketn.毛毯,毯子blastn.一阵(风),一股(气流);爆炸冲击波;管乐器或汽笛声v.爆炸,爆破bleedv.出血,流血blinda.瞎的;盲目的v.使失明;蒙蔽n.百叶窗blockn.大块木料(或石料,金属);一排房屋,街区;阻塞v.阻塞,拦阻,封锁bloodn.血(液);血统,宗族,门第;血气,气质bloomn.花(朵);开花(期)v.开花blowv.吹(气),充气,打气;吹响(乐器,号角等),吹风;爆炸,爆裂n.打,殴打,一击,打击bluea.(天)蓝色的,青的;伤心的,沮丧的,忧郁的n.蓝色boardn.板,木板,纸板;全体委员,委员会,部门;伙食;船舷v.上船(车,飞机)on board在船(车,飞机)上boastv.(of,about)自夸,夸耀n.自夸,大话boatn.小船,艇bodyn.身体,躯体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆boilv.(使)沸腾,煮(沸)bolda.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的boltn.螺栓,(门,窗的)插销v.闩(门),关窗,拴住bombn.炸弹v.投弹于,轰炸bondn.结合(物),粘结(剂),联结;公债,债券,契约bonen.骨(骼)bookn.书(籍);卷,篇,册v.预定,订(票,房间等)boomv.迅速发展,兴旺;发出隆隆声bootn.(长统)靴boothn.电话亭,货摊bordern.边界,国界;边(沿)v.交界,与...接壤;接近borev.钻(孔),挖(洞),打眼,钻探;烦扰,使厌烦n.讨厌的人,麻烦事boringa.令人厌烦的n. 钻孔borna. 出生的；天生的，生来的n.(心)胸borrowvt. 借，借用bossn.工头,老板,上司v.指挥,支配,发号施令bothpron.二者,双方a.两,双both...and既...又...,两个都botherv.打扰,烦扰;烦恼,操心n.麻烦bottlen.瓶(子)v.装瓶bottomn.底(部);基础,根基;海底,湖底,河床boundv./n.跳(跃)a.被束缚的,理应...的,必定的,一定的;准备(或正在)到...去的,开往...的boundaryn.分界线,边界bowv./n.鞠躬,点头n.弓(形);蝴蝶结bowln.碗(状物),钵boxn.箱(子),盒(子);包厢v.拳击,打耳光boxingn. 拳击boyn.男孩;男服务员,男仆brainn.(大)脑,骨髓;[pl.]脑力,智能brakev./n.制动(器),闸,刹车branchn.(树)条,分支;分部,分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流,支脉,支线brandn.商标,标记,牌子v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印bravea.勇敢的breadn.面包breadthn.宽度,幅breakv.打破,折断,破碎;使中止,打断;破坏,违反n.打断,中止;休息时间breakdownn.垮,衰竭;损坏,故障,倒塌breakfastn.早饭,早餐v.吃早饭breastn.胸膛,乳房breathn.呼吸,气息breathev.呼吸,吸入breedv.(使)繁殖,生殖;产生,引起;教养,抚养,饲养n.品种,种类breezen.微风,和风brickn.砖(状物)briden.新娘bridgen.桥(梁)v.架桥,建桥briefa.简短的,简洁的v.简短介绍,简要汇报brighta.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的,伶俐的;欢快的,美好的brillianta.光辉的,灿烂的;卓越的,有才华的bringv.带来,拿来;引起,导致Britisha.不列颠的;英国(人)的brittlea.易碎的,脆(弱)的broada.宽的,广阔的;广大的,广泛的;宽宏的,豁达的bronzen.青铜(色),青铜制品brothern.兄弟;同胞;教友brown.眉(毛);额browsev./n.浏览brownn./a.褐色(的),棕色(的)brushn.刷(子),毛刷;画笔v.刷,擦,掸,拂;擦过,掠过bubblen.泡,水泡,气泡v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾bucketn.水桶,吊桶budgetn.预算v.做预算buildv.造,建筑,建设,建立build up积累,堵塞;树立,逐步建立;增进,锻炼buildingn.建筑(物),房屋,大楼bulkn.体积,容积;主体,大批,大量,大块in bulk散装;大批,大量bulletn.子弹,枪弹bunchn.(一)簇,束,捆,串bundlen.捆,包,束burdenn.担子,负担,重担bureaun.署,局,司,处burnv.燃烧,烧毁,烧伤n.烧伤,灼伤burn out烧掉burstv.爆裂,炸破;突然发生,突然发作n.突然破裂,爆发buryv.埋(葬),安葬;埋藏,遮盖busn.公共汽车trolley 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centimetre/centimetren.厘米centrala.中心的,中央的,中枢的;主要的centuryn.世纪,(一)百年ceremonyn.典礼,仪式;礼节,礼仪certaina.某,某一,某些;(of)一定的,确信的,可靠的certificaten.证(明)书,执照chainn.链(条);[pl.]镣铐;一连串,一系列,连锁v.用链条拴住chairn.椅子;主席(职位)chairmann.主席,议长,会长,董事长challengen.挑战(书);艰巨任务,难题v.向...挑战chambern.房间,室championn.冠军,得胜者;拥护者,斗士chancen.机会;可能性,或然性;偶然性,运气v.碰巧,偶然发生changen.改变,变化;零钱,找头v.更换,调换,交换,互换;改变,变化channeln.海峡,水道;信道,波道;路线,途径chaptern.章(节),回charactern.性格,品质,特性,特征;人物,角色;字符,(汉)字characteristica.(of)特有的,独特的n.特征,特性characterize/characterisev.表示...的特性;描述...特性chargev.索(价),要(人)支付,收费;控告,指控;充电n.[pl.]费用,代价;电荷,负荷in charge (of)负责,主管take charge 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一击clientn.顾客;(诉讼)委托人cliffn.悬崖;峭壁climaten.气候;风气,社会思潮climbv./n.攀登,爬clingv.(to)粘住;依附;坚持clinicn.诊所clinical a. 门诊的，临床的clockn.钟clonen.克隆v.克隆coden.代码，代号，密码，编码closev.关,闭;结束,了结n.结束,了结a.(to)近的,接近的;关闭着的;秘密的,不公开的;严密的,紧密的ad.接近地,紧密地clothn.(一块)布,织物,衣料clothev.(给…)穿衣,供给...衣服clothesn.衣服clothingn.服装,被褥cloudn.云(状物);遮暗物,阴影;一大群cloudya.多云的,阴(天)的;混浊的,模糊的clubn.俱乐部,夜总会;社团;棍棒,球棒cluen.线索,暗示coachn.(铁路)客车,长途汽车,大客车;辅导员,教练,私人教师v.教练,辅导,指导coaln.煤,煤块coarsea.粗糙的,粗劣的;粗鲁的,粗俗的coastn.海岸,海滨coatn.外套,上衣;皮毛,表皮,涂层v.涂上,盖上,包上cockn.公鸡,雄鸡;龙头,开关coden.代码,代号,密码;法典,法规,规划coffeen.咖啡(色)coilv.卷,盘绕n.(一)卷,(一)圈;线圈,绕组coinn.硬币,货币v.铸造(硬币),创造(新词)colda.寒冷的;冷淡的n.感冒;寒冷collapsev./n.倒坍,崩溃,垮台collarn.衣领;环状物colleaguen.同事,同僚collectv.收集,搜集;领取,接走;收(税等);聚集,堆积collectionn.收藏(品),收集(物)collectiven.集体a.集体的,共同的collegen.学院,高等专科学校,大学collidev.碰撞,冲突;(with)抵触collisionn.碰撞,冲突colonyn.殖民地color/colourn.颜色,彩色;颜料;肤色v.给...着色,染colorfula. 多彩；丰富多彩的columnn.圆柱,柱状物;列;(报刊中的)专栏combinationn.结合,联合,合并;化合(物)combinev.(with)(使)结合,联合;(使)化合comev.来,来到;出现于,产生;是,成为;开始,终于come off实现,成功,奏效come on请,来吧,跟着来,快点;开始,来临;进展,发展;出场,上演come out出版,刊出;出现,显露,长出;结果是,结局是;被解出come round/around来访,前来;苏醒,复原come through经历,脱险come to总计,达到;苏醒,复原come true实现,达到come up走近,上来;发生,被提出come up to达到,符合come up with提出,提供comfortn.舒适,安逸;安慰,慰问v.安慰,使舒适comfortablea.舒适的,自在的commandn.命令,指令;统帅,指挥(权);掌握,运用能力v.命令;指挥,统帅commandern.司令官，指挥官commentn.注释,评论,意见v.(on)注释,评论commercen.商业,贸易commerciala.商业的,商务的,贸易的commissionn.委员会;委任,委托(书),代办;佣金,手续费commitv.把...交托给,提交;犯(错误),干(坏事)committeen.委员会,全体委员commodityn.商品,物品commona.普通的,平常的;(to)共同的,公共的in common共用,共有,共同communicatev.传达,传送;交流;通讯,通话communicationn.通讯,传达,传送,交流;[pl.]通讯系统;[pl.]交通(工具)communismn.共产主义communista.共产主义的communityn.同一地区的全体居民,社会,社区;共同体companionn.同伴,共事者;伴侣companyn.公司,商号;陪伴,同伴;宾客,客人;连(队),(一)群,(一)队,(一)伙keep company with与...交往,与...结伴comparablea.(with,to)可比较的,比得上的comparativea.比较的,相当的comparev.(with,to)比较,相比,对比;比作compare...to把...比作comparisonn.比较,对比,比喻,比拟by comparison比较起来compelv.强迫,迫使compensatev.(for)补偿,赔偿competev.比赛;竞争competenta.有能力的,胜任的competitionn.比赛;竞争competitorn.竞争者,敌手complainv.(about,of)抱怨;申诉complaintn.抱怨,诉苦;申诉;疾病completea.完全的,圆满的v.完成,结束,使完满complexa.复杂的;合成的,综合的n.联合体complicateda.错综复杂的,麻烦的,难解的complicationn.复杂,纠纷;并发症componentn.组成部分,成分,元件,部件a.组成的,合成的composev.组成,构成;(of)由...组成;创作(作曲,诗歌等)composern.作曲家;创作者compositionn.作品,作文,乐曲;写作,作曲;结构,组成,成分compoundn.混合物,化合物a.混合的,化合的,复合的comprehensiona.理解(力),领悟computern.计算机,电脑;计算者concealv.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽concentratev.(on)集中,专心;浓缩n.浓缩物concentrationn.专注，专心；集中；浓度conceptn.概念,观念,思想concernv.涉及,关系到v./n.关心,挂念n.(利害)关系as/so far as...be concerned就...来说be concened with关心,挂念,从事于concertn.音乐会,演奏会;一齐,一致concludev.结束,终止;断定,下结论;缔结,议定conclusionn.结束,终结;结论,推论in conclusion最后,总之concretea.具体的,有形的,实质性的n.混凝土v.用混凝土修筑,浇混凝土condemnv.谴责,指责;判刑,宣告有罪conditionn.状况,状态;[pl.]环境,形势,条件on condition that在...条件下conditionern.调节装置，空调conductn.行为,举动,品行v.引导,带领;处理,管理;指挥(乐队);传导,传(热,电等)conductionn.传导conductorn.领队,(乐队)指挥;(电车等的)售票员,列车员;导体,导线conferencen.会议,讨论会confidencen.(in)信任;信心,自信;秘密,机密confidentn.(of,in)确信的,自信的confirmv.使更坚固,使更坚定;(进一步)证实;确认,批准conflictn.战斗,斗争;抵触,冲突v.(with)抵触,冲突confusev.使混乱,混淆confusionn.混乱,混淆congratulatev.(on)祝贺,向...致贺词congratulationn.(on)祝贺,[pl.]祝贺词congressn.(代表)大会;[Congress](美国等国的)国会,议会connectv.(with)连接,连结connection/connexionn.联系,连接conquerv.征服,战胜,占领;克服,破除(坏习惯等)consciencen.良心,良知consciousa.(of)意识到的,自觉的;有意识的,神志清醒的conservevt..保存,保护,节约;守恒,不灭considerv.认为,把...看作;考虑,细想;体谅,照顾considerablea.相当大(或多)的,可观的;值得考虑的consideratea.考虑周到的,体谅的considerationn.需要考虑的事,理由;考虑,思考;体谅,照顾consistv.(in)在于,存在于;(of)由…组成,由...构成consequentadj.作为结果的，随之发生的constanta.经常的,不断的;坚定的,永恒的,忠实的n.常数,恒量n.成分,要素constructv.建设,建造,构造;创立consultv.与...商量,请教;查阅;(with)商量,商议。
2013考研英语(二)测试大纲：英译汉解析
2013考研英语（二）测试大纲：英译汉解析2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）大纲对考试内容第三部分的英译汉表述是“考查考生理解所给英语语言材料并将其译成汉语的能力。
要求译文准确、完整、通顺。
”考试的形式为：长度为150词左右的一个或几个英语段落，将其全部译成汉语。
共15分。
一、命题基本指导思想和评分标准(一)命题指导思想英译汉试题命题的基本原则是避免内容不健康、带有各种偏见的语言材料；试题无科学性错误；侧重运用能力的考查。
英译汉部分的命题指导思想是适当降低英译汉文章的难度，以便要求考生在对文章深层次理解的同时，掌握并运用最基本的英译汉技巧。
(二)评分标准考研英语(二)英译汉的标准，一是“忠于原文”，二是“通顺”。
所谓“忠于原文”，就是说译文要准确地表达原文的内容和观点，不得随意增补，不能遗漏，不能加入自己的立场观点。
当然，“忠于原文”并不是要逐字逐句机械地翻译。
过分拘泥于原文反而经常造成译文的生涩难懂。
“通顺”，则是指译文语言合乎汉语的规范和语言习惯，不要有语病、错别字，力求做到明白通畅。
二、英译汉部分试题命题的特点(一)、英译汉短文的语体特征英译汉部分所选的短文多为正式的说明文和议论文，在用词方面较正规、正式，鲜见口语中的词汇或俚语等非正式用词，所以译文也要注意用词正式、规范、严谨。
(二)英译汉短文的题型特征英译汉部分所选的短文主要包括社会文化、经济管理、科普知识等内容，比较集中在经济、金融、企业管理方面的一般综合性题材，专业性并不强。
(三)英译汉短文的句子特征英译汉部分考查的句子结构复杂程度并非维持在一个稳定的范围内，往年的考试中也常出现包含复杂的定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句及被动句等的难句。
不过，考查的重点是在上下文中准确把握词义的能力、分析语言结构的能力、分析语言结构的能力和使用汉语的习惯与规范正确表达的能力。
三、英汉两种语言的差异对比在考试中，许多考生将句子的逻辑关系分析清楚了，词汇及短语搭配的含义选择似乎也与短文的语境相符，但动笔翻译起来却发现，很难用通顺流畅的汉语表达出来。
2013年考研英语大纲
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)考试大纲）I考试性质英语（一）考试是为高等院校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业优秀本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。
II考查目标考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：（一）语言知识1. 语法知识考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。
本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中更准确、自如地运用语法知识。
2. 词汇考生应能掌握5 500左右的词汇以及相关词组（详见附录1）。
除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。
英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。
这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。
博仁教育提示：此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。
考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。
（二）语言技能1. 阅读考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料（生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%），还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。
对所读材料，考生应能：1) 理解主旨要义；2) 理解文中的具体信息；3) 理解文中的概念性含义；4) 进行有关的判断、推理和引申；5) 根据上下文推测生词的词义；6) 理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系；7) 理解作者的意图、观点或态度；8) 区分论点和论据。
万学海文考研：第一时间解析2013考研英语大纲——翻译(英语二)查捷
万学海文考研：第一时间解析2013考研英语大纲——翻译（英语二）2013年考研英语大纲（英语一和英语二）于今日（9月14日）早上正式发布。
纵观新大纲，没有之前风传的增加700新单词，增减题型等巨大变化，而是在删减一定单词的基础上新增59个新单词，并删除了应用文部分的摘要这一备考项，英语二大纲中则删除了阅读新题型中的判断正误题型，其他部分则是跟去年的英语大纲没有变化。
尽管考试的内容没有重大变革，但是英语作为考研过程中最难啃的“硬骨头”，现阶段详细了解分析最新大纲还是十分必要的。
英语二的翻译部分，也是在英语一和英语二这两张试卷中，区别最大的题型。
英语二大纲规定，英语二的翻译部分主要“考查考生理解所给英语语言材料并将其译成汉语的能力。
”这不同于英语一大纲中的“主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力”，英语二的英译汉部分并没有突出去强调翻译部分的难度，而只是考查将一般难度的英语语言材料转换成汉语的能力，与英语一专门挑出五个长难句来考相比，难度是有所降低的。
备考2013考研的考生在复习英语二翻译部分的时候，要注意，这些段落的句子一般来说平均长度大概在15词左右，句式结构复杂程度相较英语一的长难句是有所降低的，所以在选择练习材料的时候不宜直接拿英语一的真题模拟题来练习，因为难度有区别，可选择英语二真题或者历年MBA的联考试题。
另需特别注意句子之间的逻辑衔接、代词呼应问题，因为是段落整体翻译，上下文衔接就显得尤为重要，在现阶段的练习过程中就要尤其注意这个问题。
段落译文要保持整体的连贯性、一致性，考虑到段落翻译的整体的特殊性，在翻译成中文的同时，要考虑上下文的通顺以及一致性。
在具体语法点的考察上，英语二的翻译考察的比较多的就是定语从句，代词指代，被动语态，专有名词，一词多义，熟词生意等比较常见的点，在平时练习可针对此类语法点进行训练，并且在单词记忆的时候要加深对单词的全面了解，这不仅对翻译有好处，对考研英语二的其他题型也是有帮助的。
[DOC]-2013年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题及答案
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[DOC]-2013年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题及答案2013年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题及答案2013年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题Part ? Dialogue Communication (15 minutes，15 points) Section ADialogue CompletionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. Speaker A: You are 40 minutes late. You tyre broke again this morning?Speaker B: ____________.A. Yes. It’s a good story.B. Yes. What do you think?C. Sorry. It won’t happen again.D. Right. You know me well.2. speaker A: Guess what? Susan published another paper. It’s athird in a month. Speaker B: _________.A. I wish I had her brain.B. You said it.C. How can I guess that?D. Congratulations.3. Speaker A: I’m going home now. Do you want to head out together?Speaker B: _______. I’m going home in about an hour.A. That’s a good idea.B. No way.C. Ok. Thank you.D. No, Thanks.4. Speaker A: You’ll never guess what was going on in our school last week.Speaker B: _______.A. Go on, surprise me.B. Yes. That must be lovely.C. Yes, I can.D. You are telling me.5. Speaker A: This sofa looks quite comfortable. What do you think about it?Speaker B: ________. If I were you, I’d buy that one.A. I know little about it.B. I don’t think much of it.C. Why don’t you buy it?D. You know better.Section B Dialogue ComprehensionDirections: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices given and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.6. Woman: I don’t know how Shawn feels after I turned down his business proposal. Man: He’s cool with it.Question: What does the man mean?A. Shawn feels hurt.B. Shawn doesn’t mind i t.C. Shawn is a calm person.D. Shawn knows nothing about it.7. Man: Would you like to have some ice-cream? I’ve got avariety of flavors. - 1 -Woman: I wish I could, but I just can’t. I ’m on a diet.Question: What do we learn about the woman?A. She is difficult to please.B. She is particular about flavor.C. She is trying to lose weight.D. She is crazy about ice-cream.8. Woman: I think the author was indicating that he was supporting the lines.Man: He said one thing, but he meant another. You have to read between the lines.Question: What should the woman do to fully understand the author?A. Leave out unimportant parts.B. Read again and again.C. Look for other references.D. Find the hidden meanings.9. Woman: I can’t stand him any more, so picky and fussy!Man: What can you say? H e pays for your bread.Question: What does the man mean?A. The woman can make a suggestion.B. The woman has to tolerate her boss.C. The woman needs to pay for her own bread.D. The woman doesn’t u nderstand the situation.10. Woman: When can you ever listen to what I have to say?Man: Can you do me a favor an disappear now?Question: What does the man mean?A. He doesn’t want to be bothered.B. He doesn’t need the woman’s help.C. He will listen to the woman later.D. He never wants to see the woman again.Part? Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.11. This crime fiction was _______very popular but nobody reads it today.A. onceB. everC. neverD. always12. American woman were ________the right to vote until 1920.A. ignoredB. refusedC. deprivedD. denied13. Experts have _____ with effective measures to prevent the disease from spreading.A. caught upB. put upC. come upD. kept up14. We cannot trust Steve any more because he often ____his duty.A. cancelsB. abandonsC. desertsD. neglects15. In the early 1980s, though Coke was the leading soft drink, it was losing market _______toPepsi.A. partB. shareC. placeD. ratio16. There is no cure for the disease yet, but these drugs can______its development.A. break downB. take downC. slow downD. track down17. In the desert, even a small cup of water may be a ______of life or death.A. businessB. matterC. factD. thing18. S he had yet become accustomed ______ the fact that she was a rich woman.- 2 -A. forB. withC. aboutD. to19. The organization has published a ________ digest of environmental statistics for five years.A. regularB. frequentC. randomD. fixed20. I want to see the old part of the town where the essence of Beijing is best _____.A. observedB. reservedC. preservedD. conserved21. Reporters rushed to the airport after the CNN reported that nine passengers ______by a“terrorist” on the plane.A. were holdingB. holdC. had heldD. were being held22. Not long ______she registered a new number, she received five calls in one day.A. afterwardsB. afterC. agoD. since23. Nice words may win friends, but only one’s good personalitycan hold ______.A. itB. thoseC. thatD. them24. It was _______ the chief engineer came _______we began the experiment.A. not until ; thatB. not until ; thenC. until ; thatD. until ; when25. About fifty million Americans are active in ________ is called fitness walking.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. something26. We waited for the decision for the whole afternoon, only _______ to return the next day.A. to be toldB. were toldC. being toldD. having been told27. As a result of the work, he found less time than he ______ for his hobbies.A. must have hopedB. had hopedC. should have hopedD. has hoped28. Some of them were well behaved, ________ were insulting.A. and theyB. but theyC. while othersD. as others29. The journalist feels he has a responsibility to ensure ________ the customers are not misled.A. whetherB. so thatC. as ifD. that30. The matter ______, we decided to proceed to the next program on the agenda.A. was settledB. settledC. had been settledD. had settledPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneIt happens to us all, however hard we may try to delay the process---we grow old. Surgery may remove wrinkles (皱纹), skinwhich has become less firm may be tightened by a surgical operationon the face, and hair dressers may dye grey hair a more youthful color. But we cannot remain young forever.Advances in medicine have made it possible for more people to stay alive longer. However what is important is the quality of life, and people age differently. Some people remain quite well and able to look after themselves when they get old. But others of the same age are notso lucky. They have to go into a nursing home in order to receive adequate care.The worst aspect of ageing is that often the mind becomes less alert. As people grow older, - 3 -they often experience loss of short-term memory, although they may well be able to recall quite easily events that happened long ago. Later they may suffer from dementia (痴呆), a disease whichgets gradually worse.By no means all elderly people are in this category. Many senior citizens are in possession of all their faculties and see retirement asa time of freedom. Not only that, if they have a generous retirement pension, they are likely to be quite well off, with money to spend on holidays and other luxuries. Because of this, both businesses and government have a new respect for what is known as grey power.By no means, however, does everyone treat OAPs with respect. There are some cultures which are noted for the great respect with which they treat their old people, but many people in other cultures regard the old as having a very low status in society and treat them accordingly. They often consider old people as having one foot in the grave. Someone should remind them that they, too, will be old one day.31. Elderly people who cannot look after themselves go to ______.A. nursing homesB. residences close to hospitalsC. community centersD. homes of their children32. The worst aspect of ageing is ________.A. inability to look after oneselfB. low retirement pensionC. getting more and more forgetfulD. inadequate medical care33. What is the reason that businesses respect the elderly?A. The elderly are wise.B. The elderly have knowledge.C. The elderly are mentally alert.D. The elderly have spending power.34. “OAP”( Para.5 ) most likely means “_________”.A. old age programB. old age powerC. old age partyD. old age pensioner35. According to the author, how people treat the elderly relates to _______.A. their occupationsB. their cultural backgroundsC. their education levelsD. the amount of their free timePassage TwoThe swan is mostly silent through its life, unable to sing sweet songs like most other birds, In Ancient times, however, people believed a swan sings the most beautiful song just before it dies. The ancient Greek philosopher Socrates talked of this 2, 300 years ago. Socrates explained that the swan was singing because it was happy. T he bird was happy because it was going to serve the Greek God Apollo. Swans wereholy to Apollo, the god of poetry and song.The story of the swan’s last song found a place in the works ofother writers, including the early English writers Chaucer and Shakespeare. And the expression “swan song ” has long been a part of the English language. At first, “swan song ” meant the last work of a poet, musician or writer. Now, it means the final effort of any person. Someone’s swan song usually is alsoconsidered that person’s finest work.A politica l expression with a similar meaning is “the last hurrah”. The expression may be used to describe a politician’s last campaign,his final attempt to win cheers and votes. The last - 4 - hurrah also can mean the last acts of a politician, before his termin office ends. Writer Edwin O’Connor made the expression popular in 1956. He wrote a book about the final years in the political life of a long time mayor of Boston. He called his book The Last Hurrah.Some language experts say the expression came from a name given to noisy supporters of Andrew Jackson, America’s seventh president. Theycheered hurrah so loudly for Andy Jackson during his presidential campaign that they became known as the hurrah boys.Jackson’s hurrah boys also played a part in the electi on to choose the next president. Jackson’s choice was his vicepresident, Martin Van Buren. A newspaper of the time reported that Van Buren was elected president: “…by the hurrah boys, and those who knew just enough to shout hurrah for Jackson.” President Jackson really heard his last hurrahs in the campaign of the man who would replace him in the White House.36. In ancient times, people believed that a swan sings most beautifully _______.A. before deathB. when is happyC. for ApolloD. in front of other birds37. According to Socrates, swans were __________.A. holy birdsB. happy birdsC. pets of a Greek GodD. in front of other birds38. The English expression “swan song”_________.A. was first used by ChaucerB. changed its meaning through timeC. means the best song ever createdD. refers to a work of Shakespeare39. Martin Van Buren _______.A. was the U.S. president before JacksonB. served as the eighth U.S. presidentC. is the author of The Last HurrahD. was a political rival of O’Connor40. President Jackson’s last hurrah was to ________.A. express his gratitude to his supportersB. win the final cheers from his supportersC. defeat another candidate in the electionD. help his vice president get electedPassage ThreeThere is no question that academic enterprise has becomeincreasingly global, particularly in the sciences. Nearly three million students now study outside their home countries——a 57% increase in the last decade. Foreign students now dominate many U.S. doctoral programs, accounting for 64% of Ph. Ds in computer science, for example.Faculty members are on the move, too. Half of the world’s topphysicists no longer work in their native countries. And major institutions such as New York University are creating branch campuses in the Middle East and Asia. There are now 162satellite campuses worldwide, an increase of 43% in just the past three years.At the same time, growing numbers of traditional source countriesfor students, from South Korea to Saudi Arabia (沙特阿拉伯), are trying to improve both the quantity and quality of their - 5 -own degrees, engaging in a fierce and expensive race to recruit students and create worldclass research universities of their own.Such competition has led to considerable hand-writing in the West. During a 2008 campaign stop, for instance, then-candidate Barack Obama expressed alarm about the threat that such academic competition poses to U.S. competitiveness. Such concerns are not limited to the United States. In some countries worries about educational competition and brain drains have led to academicprotectionism. India, for instance, places legal and bureaucratic in front of Western universities that want to set up satellite campuses to enroll local students.Perhaps some of the anxiety over the new global academic enterpriseis understandable. Particularly in a period of massive economic uncertainty. But educational protectionism is as big a mistake as trade protectionism is. The globalization of higher education should be embraced. not feared——including in theUnited States. There is every reason to believe that the worldwide competition for human talent, the race to produce innovative research, the push to extend university campuses to multiple countries, and the rush to train talented graduates who can strengthen economicsincreasingly knowledge –based economics willbe good for the United States, as well.41. A feature of the globalization of the academic enterprise isthat more students _____.A. study in foreign countriesB. major in computer scienceC. take joint doctoral programsD. return home after studying abroad42. A satellite campus is probably a branch campus that a university sets up _________.A. in developed countriesB. in another countryC inside another university D. on the Internet43. The word “hand-wringing ”(Para.4) probably means“________”.A. angerB. in another countryC. interestsD. delight44. Academic protectionism is characterized by _____.A. enlarging enrollment of local studentsB. limiting the growth of Ph. D. programsC. creating more satellite campuses abroadD. restricting satellite campuses of foreign universities45. In the last paragraph, the author tries to emphasize that _____.A. the academic enterprise has become globalB. academic competition has led to protectionismC. worries over educational competition are understandableD. educational protectionism cannot be justifiedPassage FourWho says your job leaves you no time to hit the gym? A detailed new study of U. S. physical activity patterns shows that men who work full-time whether their jobs are active or sedentary end up getting more exercise than healthy working –age men without a job.The new study comes from researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2003, some, 1, 800 working-age adultswere asked questions about their lifestyle and work habits, and, most importantly, they then agreed to wear an accelerometer—a device to measure their physical activity — over the course of several days.Those data from the accelerometers provide a rare opportunity tonail down how much activity the typical American actually does.They show that men or women who work in active jobs do more physical activity on weekdays than men or women working in sedentary jobs. That’s perhaps not surprising, but the NIHresearchers suggest that it still matters because of an ongoingshift in the economy toward sedentary work.The more surprising finding is the one that compares full-time workers to people who don’t work. The study shows that men with full-time jobs do more physical activity than healthy men without jobs. (“Healthy man, ” in this case, were those men who said their primary reason for being out of work was something other than health ordisability.) In fact, even sedentary fulltime workers performed more weekday physical activity overall than the healthy non-workers The results looked very different for women. Women in sedentary jobs did less physical activity on weekdays than their healthy non-working peers.So what drives the gender (性别)difference? The study looks atthe patterns, and unfortunately can’t provide too much detail about their causes. There could be many possible answers, including, perhaps, different abilities to pay for leisure time activities, or different attitudes about work and physical activity. It could also be that more non-working women than men are choosing to be at home running aroundfull-time after the kids.But the NIH researchers do find evidence, they write, to suggest that, whatever causes the difference, healthy non-working women “are replacing work with active pursuits whereas ” for some reason —“[non-working ]men generally are not.”46. A sedentary job ( Para. 1 ) is one that involves ________.A. staying seated a lotB. intensive concentrationC. moving about a lotD. superb skills47. What is the function of the accelerometers in the study?A. They record people’s physical activities.B. They measure people’s workload.C. They distinguish gender differences.D. They push people to be more active.48. What is a possible reason for non-working women to be physically active?A. They are well-educated.B. Their kids keep them busy.C. They are open-minded.D. Their husbands influence them.49. The study tries to identify________.A. the ongoing economy trendB. evidence for gender differencesC. the American physical activity patternsD. the relation between work and leisure50. Who are the least physically active according to the study?A. Men with sedentary jobs.B. Men with active jobs.C. Healthy women with no jobs.D. Healthy men with no jobs.Part IV Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Ants first captured the attention of software engineers in the early 1990s. A single ant cannot do much on its own. But a group of ants complex problems. That inspired people like Marco Dorigo, who is one of the founders of a intelligence.Ants are good at choosing the shortest possible route between a food and their nest. This reminds us of a classic computational travelling-salesman problem. Given a list of cities and their number of cities Ants solve their own problem using chemical signals called pheromones (信息素).When an ant finds food, she takes it back to the nest, The more ants that the stronger it becomes. the pheromones evaporate (挥发)quickly, so once all the food hasbeen collected, the trail soon goes cold. This rapid evaporation means long trails are less than short ones, all else being equal. Pheromones thus turn the 60 intelligence of the individual ants into something more powerful.51. A. by the way B. as a wholeC. for some timeD. on the average52. A. field B. profession C. company D. fund53. A. range B. source C. chain D. origin54. A. locations B. positions C. spaces D. distances55. A. changes B. holds C. grows D. decreases56. A. putting aside B. working onC. waiting forD. leaving behind57. A. follow B. lead C. surround D. avoid58. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. Then D. However59. A. interesting B. important C. attractive D. visible60. A. interrupted B. limited C. considerable D. unreliablePart V Translation (30 minutes, 10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and putyour translation on the ANSWER SHEET.One of the keys to speaking English like a native is the ability to use and understand casual expressions, or idioms, American English is full of idioms. You won’t learn these expressions in a standard textbook. But you will hear them all the time in everyday conversations. You’ll also meet them in books, newspapers,magazines, and TV shows.Idioms add color to the language. Master idioms and your speech will be less awkward, less foreign. You’ll also understand more of that you read and hear. Often a student of English tries to translate idioms word-for-word, or literally. If you do this, you can end upasking, ”what could thispossibly mean?” This is why idioms are difficult: they work as groups of words, not as individual words. If you translate each word on its own, you’ll miss the meaning and in many cases end up with nonsense.Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “What Do I Do to Stay Healthy? ”. You may base your composi tion on the Chinese clues given below and put your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.健康的标志是……为了健康，最重要的是要……我个人保持健康的做法是……2011年在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语试题答案1. CADDB BCDBA11. ADCDB CBDAC21. DBDAC ABCDB31. ACDDB AABBB41. ABBDD AABCD51. DABDC DADCB英译汉参考译文要把英语说得像本族人那么地道，关键之一是能够理解和使用通俗用语或习语。
2013年考研英语大纲新增60个词汇__原版整理
2013年考研英语大纲新增60个词汇
2013年考研大纲英语一和2013年考研大纲英语二今天(9月14日)已发布。
2013年考研英语大纲删减许多英语词汇的同时并新增了60个词汇，2013年考研英语大纲应用文写作部分删除了摘要写作要求，考生就可以不用准备摘要了。
2013年考研大纲英语二删除了阅读新题型中的判断正误题型。
别的方面没有改动。
近段时间，网上流传的新增700词，增加听力等新题型，阅读难度到专业八级都是没有根据的，考生还需以2013年考研大纲为准，放稳心态，以平和的心态来面对变化，最后祝各位考研考生备考顺利。
【英语】2013MBA考试大纲综合能力大纲英语考试大纲
【关键字】英语2013年MBA/MPA综合能力考试大纲：MBA综合能力考试性质2013年MBA/MPA综合能力考试是为高等院校和科研院所招收管理类专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国联考科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生是否具备攻读专业学位所必需的基本素质、一般能力和培养潜能，评价的标准是高等学校本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以利于各高等院校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔，确保专业学位硕士研究生的招生质量。
MBA综合能力考查目标1、具有运用数学根底知识、基本方法分析和解决问题的能力。
2、具有较强的分析、推理、论证等逻辑思维能力。
3、具有较强的文字材料理解能力、分析能力以及书面表达能力。
2013年MBA考试形式和试卷结构一、试卷满分及考试时问试卷满分为200分，考试时间为180分钟。
二、答题方式答题方式为闭卷、笔试。
不允许使用计算器。
，三、试卷内容与题型结构数学根底75分，有以下两种题型：问题求解15小题，每小题3分，共45分条件充分性判断10小题，每小题3分，共30分逻辑推理30小题，每小题2分，共60分写作2小题，其中论证有效性分析30分，论说文35分，共65分2013年MBA数学考查内容一、数学根底综合能力考试中的数学根底部分主要考查考生的运算能力、逻辑推理能力、空间想象能力和数据处理能力，通过问题求解和条件充分性判断两种形式来测试。
2010年、2011年和2012年MBA真题数学部分的对比：试题涉及的数学知识范围有：(一)算术1．整数(1)整数及其运算(2)整除、公倍数、公约数(3)奇数、偶数(4)质数、合数2分数、小数、百分数3．比与比例4．数轴与绝对值(二)代数1．整式(1)整式及其运算(2)整式的因式与因式分解2．分式及其运算3．函数(1)集合(2)一元二次函数及其图像(3) 指数函数、对数函数（保留2012年1月新增加考点）4．代数方程(1)一元一次方程(2)一元二次方程(3)二元一次方程组5．不等式(1)不等式的性质(2)均值不等式(3)不等式求解一元一次不等式(组)，一元二次不等式，简单绝对值不等式，简单分式不等式。
2013考研英语大纲(一)
2013考研英语大纲(一)对于任何一种正规、有组织的考试来说，考试大纲是最、准确和系统的指导性文件。
因此准确的理解“大纲”是正确备考的前提、基础和起点。
全面、扎实的语法知识在阅读理解英文篇章的过程中起着非常重要的作用，可以帮助考生更好的把握上下文的内容和逻辑关系。
为了帮助考生更好地了解和掌握2013年英语考试要求，英语教研室的老师将对英语(一)语法结构的时态语态部分进行深度的分析，希望能够引起同学们的关注!英语的动词有两个时态，现在时和过去式；有两个体，进行体和完成体；有两个态，主动态度和被动态度；另外还有将来时间表示法。
这些时、体、态的不同组合是英语语法的一个基础内容，也是一个重点考核内容。
虽然英语的时态只有有限的若干类，但其具体用法却多种多样，不同的语境对时态有不同的要求。
正确运用时态的重点在于理解各种时态的内涵，并注意句子内部时态的一致性。
1.一般现在时一般现在时的用法可归为三类(1)表示客观真理、科学事实、格言及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。
例句：The earth is round.(2)表示现在的习惯动作。
例句：Father never smokes.(3)表示现在时刻存在着的状态(一般指持续性的状态)。
例句：What do you think of the movie?一般现在时的其他用法：①表示现在瞬间的动作(此种用法常见于体育评论、解说魔术或技术操作等，以产生身临其境的效果)。
②还常见于一些专门用语或日常用语(这类专门用语或日常用语一般都用第一人称。
常用的动词用：declare,wish,apologize,say,sentence,suggest,sympath 等)。
③一般现在时还可用于表示过去时间，因此动态的动词有：tell,say,hear,learn,gather等。
④ 一般现在时还可以表示将来时间。
这一用法主要用于藐视根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事件。
此外，也可以用于条件或事件时间状语从句，表示将来时间。
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2013 年在职研究生《英语》考试大纲一、考试性质在职攻读硕士学位入学考试全国英语联考是国务院学位办组织的国家级选拔性考试，其目的是为了客观、科学、公正、规范地测试老先生的英语语言知识和使用语言的相关能力。
二、考试范围及要求在职攻读硕士学位入学考试全国英语联考要求考生能够较熟练地掌握英语的基本语法和常用词汇，具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、写、译的语言运用能力。
与全国统招硕士研究生入学英语考试相比，在职硕士研究生入学英语考试充分考虑了该类考生的实际情况以及工作需要等方面的特点。
在职攻读硕士学位入学考试全国英语联考的考查范围包括考生的英语口语交际能力、词汇和基本语法的运用能力、完形填空和阅读理解能力、英译汉和写作能力。
考生在上述方面应分别达到以下具体要求：一）口语交际能用英语进行日常会话。
对于生活、学习和工作中的常见英语会话，能理解会话的情景、说话人的意图和对话的含义，并能恰当地进行口语交流。
能正确理解英语口语中常见的习惯用法。
（二）词汇考生应掌握本考试大纲词汇表中所规定的英语词汇量和需要达到的应用程度，即：1、领会式掌握4500 个英语单词和500 个常用词组；2、复用式掌握其中1800 个左右的常用单词和200 个常用词组；3、掌握一定数量的常用词缀，并能根据构词法和语境识别常见的派生词。
（三）语法掌握基本的英语语法知识，能在阅读、写作等过程中正确运用这些知识，以达到获取
有关信息和表达交流思想的目的。
具体需要掌握的内容如下：1、名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法；2、动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法；3、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法；4、常用连接词、冠词的词义及其用法；
5、非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的构成及其用法；
6、虚拟语气的构成及其用法；
7、各类从句的构成及其用法；
8、强调句型的结构及其用法；
9、常用倒装句的结构及其用法。
（四）阅读理解考生应能够综合运用英语语言知识和基本阅读技能，读懂难度适中的一般性题材（经济、社会、政法、历史、科普、管理等）和体裁（议论文、说明文、记叙文、应用文等）的英语文章。
能够基本上掌握文章大意并能领会作者的意图和态度。
阅读速度达到每分钟60-70 个词。
具体要求为：1、能够掌握文章的中心思想、主要内容和细节；2、具备根据上下文把握词义的能力；理解上下文的逻辑关系；3、能够根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；4、能够对文章的结构和作者的态度等做出简单的分析和判断。
（五）完形填空考生应能够运用英语语言知识，在语篇的水平上理解一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文，并完成短文中的选择填空。
短文中的完形填空内容一般会涉及到英语的基本句型结构、语法规则、词义及词组搭配等。
（六）英译汉能够将一般性题材的英语短文在正确理解的基础上翻译成通顺的汉语。
译文应忠实原文，表达正确。
翻译速度为每小时300-400 词。
（七）写作应具
备基本的英语书面表达能力，能够根据所给的提纲、情景或图表按要求写出相应的短文。
所写短文要求主题明确，条理清楚，语言比较规范。
写作速度应达到每小时240 词以上。
三、试卷结构及考题形式在职攻读硕士学位全国联考英语考试试卷包括试卷一（客观题）和试卷二（主观题）两部分。
试卷一和试卷二分段考试，全部考试时间为150 分钟。
其中试卷一占75，考试时间为90 分钟；试卷二占25，考试时间为60 分钟。
本考试采用笔试方式，其考试试卷共分为六个部分；第一部分口语交际本部分包括一节或两节，共10 题。
每次考试设以下一种或两种题型。
A 节为完成对话，由 5 或10 道题组成。
每一题中，考生将在试卷上读到一段不完整的对话和用以完成这段对话的4 个备选答案。
要求考生针对对话的内容从4 个备选答案中选出一个最符合对话情景和口语交际习惯用法的答案，使整个对话能顺利完成。
B 节为对话理解，由5 或10 道题组成。
每一题考生将在试卷上读到一段对话和对话之后的问题以及针对问题的 4 个备选答案。
要求考生能理解对话的情景、说话人的意图和对话的含意，从所给的 4 个备选答案中选出一个最佳答案。
本部分满分为15 分，每题1.5 分。
第二部分词汇和语法结构本部分共设20 道题，其中10 道为词汇题，10 道为语法题。
每道考题中有一空白，要求考生在了解句义的基础上根据词汇或语法要求在四个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。
本部分满分为10 分，每题0.5
分。
第三部分阅读理解本部分共有4 篇长度为300-400 词的文章，每篇文章后设 5 个问题，共20道题。
考生须在理解文章的基础上从为每个问题提供的四个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。
本部分满分为40 分，每题 2 分。
第四部分完形填空完形填空是一篇150-200 词的一般性短文。
短文中有10 个空白，每个空白为一题。
考生须在理解短文意思的基础上从为每个空白提供的四个备选答案中选择一个最佳答案。
本部分满分为10 分，每题 1 分。
第五部分英译汉本部分采用语篇翻译的考试形式。
要求考生将一篇150-200 词的一般性题材的英语段落翻译成汉语。
本部分满分为10 分。
第六部分短文写作本部分采用提纲、情景或图表作文的考试形式。
考生应按照要求写出一篇120 词以上的英语短文。
本部分满分为15 分。
四、试卷题型、题量、记分及答题时间在职攻读硕士学位全国联考入学英语考试的题型、题量、记分及答题时间如下：序号题型题量记分时间（分钟）Ⅰ口语交际10 道15 15 Ⅱ词汇与语法结构20 道10 20 Ⅲ阅读理解20 道40 40 Ⅳ完型填空10 道10 15 Ⅴ英译汉150-200 词10 30 Ⅵ短文写作120 词以上15 30 总计100 150。