直接引语变间接引语口诀五则

•
•直接引语变间接引语口诀五则
1．变陈述句，去掉引号加that, 时态全向后退过；人称变化看主语，其它变化背表格。

2．变一般疑问句，去掉引号请“if”,陈述语序要记住；时态人称后状语，全都要变别马虎。

3．变特殊疑问句，直接引语去引号，原句问词作引导；陈述语序助去掉，其它变化别漏掉。

4．变祈使句，动前加to去引导，tell, ask句型套；否认祈使一样变， not就往to前靠。

5．直转间人称变，一主二宾三不变。

【特别提示】
“一主”是指直接引语为第一人称变间接引语时,须与主句的主语在人称和数上坚持一致;
“二宾”是指直接引语是第二人称变间接引语后需与主句的宾语在人称上一致;
“三不变”是指直接引语中的代词若是第三人称,变为间接引语时则不变.
直接引语变为间接引语时，若主句为过去时态，变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即。

如：一般现在时变为一般过去时，一般将来时变为过去将来时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，现在完成时变为过去完成时，一般过去时也变为过去完成时，等等(若直接引语为过去完成时，变为间接引语可以不变)。

另外，若直接引语中有情态动词can, may等，也应变成过去式could, might等(情态动词must可以变为had to，也可不变，
should, ought to, had better 等可以不变)。

如：
“I want to stay here.”he said. 他说。

如：“我想留在这儿。

”
→He said that he wanted to stay there. 他说他想留在那儿。

She said, “It’s raining very hard.”他说。

如：“雨下得很大。

”
→He said that it was raining very hard. 他说雨下得很大。

Jim said, “I can speak Chinese.”吉姆说。

如：“我会讲汉语。

”
→Jim said that he could speak Chinese. 吉姆说他会讲汉语
注意:
(1) 若直接引语为客观真理，则变为间接引语时时态不变。

如：
He said, “The sun rises in the east.”他说。

如：“太阳从东方升起。

”
→He said that the sun rises in the east. 他说太阳从东方升起。

(2) 有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时时态也可不变。

如：
He said, “was born in 1988.”说。

如：“我是1988年生的。

”
→He said that he was born in 1988. 他说他是1988年生的
将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：
1. “I never eat meat.” he said.
He said that ______ never ______ meat.
2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.
He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.
3. “I took it home with me.” she said.
She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.
4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.
5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.
He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.
6. “You must come here before five.” he said.
He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.
7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.
He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.
8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.
9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there
10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”
He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it.
11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.
He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.
12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.
He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.
13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.
He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.
14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.
She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.
15. “Are you inte re sted in this?” he said.
He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.
【参考答案】
1. he, ate
2. told, had, found, his
3. she, had, taken
4. rise, goes
5. told, had, before
6. had, there
7. had, before 8. asked, if [whether], before
9. told, could 10. how, she, had
11. where, I, had, those 12. if [whether], I, lived
13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell
15. asked, if [whether], that。