英语写作指导----The Writing Process

合集下载

英语文章写作的框架

Suggestion
Keeping a Journal(坚持写日志) Using a Computer(使用电脑写作)
The Writing Process
Prewriting(构想) Revising(修改) Editing(编辑)
Prewriting(构想)
Free writing(自由写作) Questioning(询问)
Introபைடு நூலகம்uctory Paragraph Supporting Paragraph Conclusion Paragraph
We should Know
Writing as a skill Writing as a Process of Discovery Writing as a way to Communicate with others Benefit of Writing the Traditional Essay
Making a List(列清单) Clustering(列图表)
Preparing a Scratch Outline（草拟提纲）
Essay Writing
• Begin with a Point, or Thesis Step 1: • 从一个观点/论点开始 • Support the Thesis with Specific Evidence Step 2: • 用具体的论据支持观点 • Organize and Connect the Specific Evidence Step 3: • 组织、连接论据 • Revising Sentences Step 4: • 修改句子
Diagram of an Essay
Title of the Essay Introduction open remark to catch reader’s interest Thesis statement support point 1 -> specific evidence. support point 2 -> specific evidence. support point 3 -> specific evidence. Summary General closing remark

中考英语写作技巧完形填空题30题

中考英语写作技巧完形填空题30题1English writing is of great importance. It allows us to express our thoughts and ideas clearly. Good writing skills can help us in many ways. For example, when we write an essay, we need to pay attention to the organization of our ideas, the choice of words, and the correct use of grammar.In order to improve our writing skills, we should read widely and learn from good writers. We can also practice writing regularly and ask for feedback from our teachers and classmates.___1___ is one of the key elements in writing. We need to choose the right words to convey our meaning. For example, instead of using simple words like "good", we can use more vivid and descriptive words like "excellent", "outstanding", or "superb".1. A. V ocabulary B. Grammar C. Punctuation D. Spelling答案：A。

英语写作课流程

英语写作课流程The Process of English WritingWriting is a fundamental skill that is essential for effective communication in the English language. Whether you are a student, a professional, or simply someone who enjoys expressing themselves through the written word, the process of English writing can be a challenging but rewarding experience. In this essay, we will explore the various stages of the writing process and the strategies that can be used to enhance one's writing skills.The first step in the writing process is to understand the purpose of the writing task. What is the goal of the piece you are creating? Is it to inform, persuade, or entertain the reader? Clearly defining the purpose of the writing will help you to focus your efforts and ensure that your final product effectively communicates your intended message.Once you have a clear understanding of the purpose, the next step is to conduct research and gather information. This may involvereading relevant sources, conducting interviews, or gathering data and statistics. It is important to ensure that the information you gather is accurate, reliable, and relevant to your topic.After gathering the necessary information, the next step is to organize your thoughts and ideas. This may involve creating an outline or a mind map to help you structure your writing in a logical and coherent manner. The organization of your writing is crucial, as it will determine the flow and clarity of your message.With your research and organization complete, you can begin the actual writing process. This stage involves translating your ideas and information into coherent sentences and paragraphs. It is important to keep your audience in mind throughout this process, and to use language that is clear, concise, and engaging.One of the key elements of effective writing is the use of appropriate grammar, spelling, and punctuation. While these may seem like minor details, they can have a significant impact on the overall quality and readability of your writing. It is important to carefully proofread your work to ensure that it is free of errors and that your message is conveyed clearly and effectively.In addition to the technical aspects of writing, it is also important to consider the style and tone of your writing. This may involve using aformal or informal tone, depending on the context and audience, and incorporating elements such as figurative language, descriptive details, and persuasive rhetoric to engage the reader.One of the most challenging aspects of the writing process is the ability to revise and refine your work. This may involve reworking your sentences, reorganizing your paragraphs, or even completely rewriting sections of your piece. It is important to be open to feedback and to be willing to make changes to improve the overall quality of your writing.Finally, the writing process is not complete without the final step of editing and proofreading. This involves carefully reviewing your work to ensure that it is free of errors, that your message is clear and concise, and that your writing is engaging and effective.Throughout the writing process, it is important to remember that practice and persistence are key. The more you write, the more comfortable and confident you will become in your abilities. Additionally, seeking feedback from others, whether it be from teachers, peers, or professional editors, can be a valuable way to improve your writing skills and to identify areas for growth and development.In conclusion, the process of English writing is a complex andmultifaceted endeavor that requires a combination of research, organization, writing, revision, and editing. By understanding and applying the various stages of the writing process, writers can develop the skills and strategies necessary to create effective and engaging written works. Whether you are a student, a professional, or simply someone who enjoys the art of writing, the process of English writing is a valuable and rewarding pursuit that can open up a world of possibilities.。

英语写作指导-TheWritingProcess

active voice rather than passive voice to make sentences more dynamic.
Rhetorical devices
Utilize various rhetorical devices to make writing more engaging and interesting. For example, use metaphors, similes, and personification to add creativity and visualize abstract ideas. Use irony, sarcasm, and humor to add
单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；单击此处添加正文 10*16
flow
precision
Ensure grammar, spelling, and punctuation are correct.
Use a wide range of vocabulary to enrich the text.
Have a clear introduction, body, and conclusion.
The author effectively employs several rhetoric techniques, such as anecdotal evidence, appeals to reason, and emotional manipulation, to strengthen his argument and persuade the reader. He uses examples to illustrate his points and employs repetition to emphasize the importance of perseverance.

英语写作第一章

• 4) Questioning • Questioning refers to asking 5 “W” questions and 1 “H”---who, what, where, when, why and how. This strategy can help generate ideas and details.
• 1.1.2 Writing and Speaking • The register of writing tends to be more formal than that of talking. • First, at the level of word choice, more big or formal words tend to be used in writing than in talking. • Second, the level of sentence structure, compound and complex sentences are often used in formal writing. • Third, at the level of discourse, the organization of ideas and paragraphs tends to be more compact in writing than in everyday chitchat.
Features of writing versus speaking
Speaking Acquirable in daily life
Dialect variations that represent a region or social status
Writing Learnable in school

初中英语写作教学流程

初中英语写作教学流程Teaching English Writing in Middle School: A Step-by-Step ProcessThe process of teaching English writing to middle school students is a multifaceted endeavor that requires a structured approach to ensure students develop the necessary skills to express themselves effectively in writing. Here is a step-by-step guide to an effective English writing teaching process for middle school students.Step 1: Assessing Student's Current Writing SkillsBefore diving into the curriculum, it's crucial to assess the students' current writing abilities. This can be done through a placement test or by reviewing their previous writing samples. Understanding their strengths and weaknesses will help tailor the teaching approach to meet their needs.Step 2: Setting Clear ObjectivesEstablish clear and attainable goals for the students. These objectives should align with the curriculum standards and should be communicated to the students to give them a sense of direction and purpose.Step 3: Teaching the BasicsStart with the fundamentals such as grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure. Use engaging activities like gamesand quizzes to make learning these basics fun and interactive.Step 4: Expanding VocabularyEncourage students to expand their vocabulary through reading, word games, and vocabulary exercises. A wider vocabulary will enhance their ability to express complex ideas.Step 5: Introducing Writing FormatsIntroduce different types of writing such as narratives, persuasive essays, and descriptive paragraphs. Provide examples and discuss the structure and purpose of each format.Step 6: Brainstorming and PlanningTeach students the importance of brainstorming andplanning before they start writing. This stage involves generating ideas, organizing thoughts, and creating an outline.Step 7: DraftingEncourage students to write freely in this stage without worrying about grammar or spelling. The focus should be on getting their ideas down on paper.Step 8: Reviewing and RevisingAfter the initial draft is complete, guide students through the process of self-editing. This involves reviewing the work for clarity, coherence, and correctness.Step 9: Editing for Grammar and StyleOnce the content is refined, focus on grammar and style. Teach students how to use a style guide and how to proofread their work for errors.Step 10: Final Draft and FeedbackStudents should produce a final draft, which can then be reviewed by the teacher. Constructive feedback is essential to help students understand what they did well and where they can improve.Step 11: Sharing and CelebratingCreate opportunities for students to share their work with peers, either through reading aloud or displayingwritten work. Celebrating their achievements boosts confidence and encourages a love for writing.Step 12: Ongoing Assessment and SupportContinuously assess students' progress and provide ongoing support. This can involve one-on-one sessions, small group work, or additional resources for those who need extra help.Step 13: Encouraging Independent WritingAs students become more proficient, encourage them to write independently on topics of their choice. This fosters creativity and a deeper engagement with the writing process.Step 14: Reflecting on the ProcessFinally, reflect on the teaching process itself. What worked well? What could be improved? Use this reflection to refine future lessons and better meet the needs of your students.By following this structured approach, middle school students can develop a strong foundation in English writing, which will serve them well throughout their academic journey and beyond.。

英语写作process of writing (1)

▪ Activity
To get a sense of the freewriting process, take a sheet of paper and freewrite about your ideal job. See how much material you can accumulate in ten minutes. And remember not to worry about “mistakes”; you’re just thinking on paper.
▪ When freewriting, you just do some thinking on paper and get some material down on the page. Try to explore your topic without worrying at all about being “correct.” Figuring out what you want to say and getting raw material down on the page should have all of your attention at this early stage of the writing process.
▪ You will understand that there are four clear-cut goals—unity, support, organization, and error-free sentences—to aim for in your writing.
▪ You will realize that you can use revision to rework a paper until it is a strong and effective piece of writing.

《美国大学英语写作》课后习题答案(PART_1)

A NSWER KEYPart One: Essay Writing1 An Introduction to WritingActivity (Point and Support in a Paragraph), pages 5–6Point:There are drawbacks to moviegoing.Support: 1. Inconvenienceb. Long time to find parking spot and long walk to theaterd. Sticky floor3. Other moviegoersa. Running kidsb. Laughing, shouting teenagersActivity (Introductory Paragraph), 81. c2. b3. a4. a. Inconvenience of going outb. Temptations of the theaterc. Behavior of some patronsActivity (Body: Supporting Paragraphs), 9–101. To begin with, I just don’t enjoy the general hassle of the evening.2. b. Parking lot is always jammedd. Tickets may sell out, and theater is crowdede. Tickets cost up to $8 each3. Second, the theater offers tempting snacks that I really don’t need.4. b. 2) chocolate bars3) Milk Duds5. Many of the other patrons are even more of a problem than the concession stand.6. a. Little kids race up and down the aislesb. Teenagers talk back to the screen, whistle, make funny noisesActivity (Concluding Paragraph), 101. a2. cReview Activities, 18–20Answers will vary.2 The Writing ProcessActivities (Freewriting, Questioning, Making a List, Clustering, Scratch Outline), 25–31 Answers will vary.-Activity (Writing a First Draft), 331. thesis 5.specific2. first 6.bs3. equiped (other answers are possible)7. conclusion4. second and thirdActivity (Revising with a Second Draft), 36–371. Second 5. watching what I keep in the house2. however 6. comfortable seats3. unity . . . My friends are as bad as I am. 7. As4. support . . . snacks like celery and carrot 8. jump into my handssticks . . . no ice cream in the freezer . . . 9. disgusteddripping with butter . . . risk pulling outmy fillings as I chewActivity (Taking a Writing Inventory), 39–40Answers will vary.Activity (Prewriting), 41–43L, Q, SO, C, FActivity 1 (Outlining), 43–451. Thesis:My high school had three problem areas.a. Students(1) Involved with drugs(2) Formed cliquesb. Teachers(1) Unwilling to help after class(2) Much too strictc. Buildings(1) Leaky ceilings(2) Ill-equipped gym2. Thesis:Working as a dishwasher in a restaurant was my worst job.a. Working conditions(1) Heat in kitchen(2) Noisy work areab. Hours(1) Ten-hour shifts(2) Hours changed every week-c. Pay(1) Minimum wage(2) No bonus for overtime3. Thesis: Joining an aerobics class has many benefits.a. Social benefits(1) Make new friends(2) Meet interesting instructorsb. Mental benefits(1) Reduces mental stress(2) Improves self-imagec. Physical benefits(1) Strengthens heart(2) Tones muscles4. Thesis: My favorite times in school were the days before holiday vacations.a. Lighter workload(1) Less work in class(2) Less homeworkb. Friendlier atmosphere(1) Teachers more relaxed(2) Students happy about vacationc. Special events(1) Pep rallies(2) Holiday concertsActivity 2 (Outlining), 45–47Thesis:More and more, the inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings.First topic sentence:T he world of business is one area in which technology is isolating us.Support: 2. Workers’ salaries are automatically credited to their bank accounts.3. Personal banking is becoming a detached process.a. Customers interact with machines rather than people.b. Some loans are accepted or rejected by computers, not loan officers. Second topic sentence: Another area that technology is changing is entertainment. Support: 1. For many people now, music is a solitary experience.2. Fewer people go out to watch movies.Third topic sentence:Education is a third important area in which technology is separating us from others.Support: 1. Students sit alone in front of computers.2. Students use software at home instead of interacting with others.3. Videotapes are replacing class instruction.Activity (Revising), 47–482, 1, 4, 33 The First and Second Steps in Essay WritingActivity (Writing a Good Thesis), 50–51List 1 List 22 Teachers3 Bicyclesl Education 4 Dangers of bike riding3 Math teacher l Recreation5 My high school math 2 Recreational vehiclesteacher was incompetent. 5 Bike riding in the city is a4 High school math teacher dangerous experience.List 3 List 41 Retail companies 3 Camping2 Supermarkets 4 First camping trip4 Dealing with customers 2 Summer vacation3 Working in a supermarket 5 My first camping trip was a 5 I’ve learned how to handle disastrous experience.unpleasant supermarket customers. l VacationsActivity (Common Errors in Writing a Thesis), 53A. 1. TBB. 6. 22. TN 7. A3. TB 8. 24. TN 9. A5. TB 10. 2Activity (Support the Thesis with Specific Evidence), 54–55Answers for this activity will vary; a possible third point for each outline is listed below.1. c. Learning new rules and procedures 4. c. Save money2. c. Sense of humor 5. c. Long hours3. c. Too cold in the winter 6. c. Worry about financesActivity (The Importance of Specific Details), 57S 1. The paragraph lists specific precautions: getting a permit and buyingpressure-treated lumber.X 2. What kinds of things did the writer do wrong? What specific rules were enforced?How did this parent punish the writer?S 3 The paragraph lists specific examples of items that should not be improved:cheesecake and jeans.X 4. What kinds of problems does the dog have? How does the dog misbehave when the owners are away? How did the owners try to train the dog?Activity 1 (The Importance of Adequate Details), 58Answers are given in the text after the activity.Activity (Identifying the Parts of an Essay), 61Thesis statement: 4Topic sentence of first supporting paragraph: 5Topic sentence of second supporting paragraph: 15Topic sentence of third supporting paragraph: 22First sentence of the conclusion: 34Activity 1 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 61–62 Activity 2 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 621. A a. 1. TN a.OKb. OK b.2. OK a. 2. TN a.Ab. OK b.3. OK a. 3. TN a.Ab. OK b.4.A a. 4. OK a.OKb. TN b.5.A a. 5. OK a.OKb. TN b.Activity 3 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 62–63 Activity 4 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 631. TB a. 1. OK a.OKb. 2 b.2.TB a. 2. 2 a.OKb. OK b.3. OK a. 3. OK a.TBb. 2 b.4. TB a. 4. 2 a.OK b.OK b.5. TB a. 5. 2 a.OK b.OK b.Activity (Completing Thesis Statements), 64Answers for this activity will vary; a possible third point of development for each thesis statement is listed below.1. science. 6. coach2. to be enthusiastic. 7. we were emotionally immature.3. my boyfriend. 8. manners4. money. 9. my relationships with others.5. breaks down regularly. 10. the time I dented my friend’s car.Activity (Writing a Thesis Statement), 65Answers may vary slightly.1. The cars I’ve owned have reflected the changes in my personality.2. Attending a two-year college has several advantages.3. I have tried several ways to give up snacks.4. Halloween is not all fun.5. Three factors contributed to my heart attack.Activity 1 (Limiting a Topic and Writing a Thesis), 66Answers will vary; a possible thesis for each limited subject is listed below.1. Sharing an apartment with a roommate helped me adjust to a new city.2. Deciding to be less critical of your spouse can help a marriage.3. My mother’s tidiness drives us crazy.4. Fast-food restaurants are cheaper, cleaner, and friendlier than other restaurants.5. My cousin Myra has several bad driving habits.6. Regular exercise can help ease emotional problems.7. Do-it-yourself repairs always end up costing me more money than they’re supposed to.8. The free-agent system has made baseball a big business, not a sport.9. Being a single parent can be exhausting, frustrating, and intimidating.10. Noise pollution is a growing problem in our city.Activity 2 (Limiting a Topic and Writing a Thesis), 67Answers will vary; some possible limited subjects and thesis statements are listed below.1. Exotic animals as petsPeople should not be allowed to keep exotic animals as pets.2. Teens and birth controlParents should be notified if their daughters visit a birth control clinic.3. The new season’s TV programmingThe new television programs are carbon copies of last year’s successful shows.4. Computerized officesComputers in offices are creating new health problems for employees.5. Major fields of studyChoosing a major does not have to be done blindly.6. House callsDoctors should be compelled to make house calls.7. Summer vacationsSummer is the worst time of year to take a vacation.8. BarbecuingThere are three kinds of people who will be found behind a barbecue grill.9. Children’s allowancesGetting an allowance teaches a child to be responsible, mature, and thrifty.10. Christmas shoppingOne year I made the mistake of doing my Christmas shopping months in advance. Activity (Providing Specific Evidence), 68–69Answers will vary; some possibilities are listed below.1. Guests arrived two hours late; roast was burned; host and hostess got into a huge fight2. Collects dead frogs, birds, and worms; loves to dunk pizza in his chocolate milk; combs hishair with his toothbrush3. Too tired; too hungry; too disorganized4. Chose my friends for me; chose my clothes for me; chose my college for me5. Baby-sitting, gardening, baking cookies6. New ignition, new brakes, new heater7. Cat got sick; kids got sick; roof started to leak8. Slept at his desk; gave six hours of homework per night; had a nasty temperActivity (Identifying Adequate Supporting Evidence), 69–70AD 1.U 2. What are specific examples of how people are thoughtless to pets? What are the particular needs of pets that may be ignored? Examples might include bathing animals regularly,treating them for fleas, helping them stay cool in summer, exercising them, andproviding a nutritious diet.U 3. What are specific examples of shows that are of little interest to people? Exactly how would commercials be changed? How would network news be made more interesting?Examples might include the names of shows (situation comedies, game shows, and soon) that aren’t popular. Commercials might be changed by eliminating repetitiousjingles or celebrity endorsements (using examples of current commercials).AD 4.U 5. What are examples of how the woman was set in her ways? What did she say about the kind of hairdo she wanted? For example, the woman might have rejected any suggestionsother than the style she was used to. What did the writer do that was unsuccessful?And how did the woman seem to indicate that the writer was not doing what shewanted? For instance, she might have shook her head or sighed every time the writerattempted to please her.Activity (Adding Details to Complete an Essay), 70–73Answers will vary; possible supporting details are included in the paragraphs below.First of all, with no television to compete for our time, we found plenty of hours for personal interests. We all read more that week than we had read during the six months before. Dad introduced Mom to his favorite mystery writer—Dorothy Sayers—and it was pleasant to see them sitting on the sofa together, each one absorbed in a book. Luella, serious as always, read novels by Charles Dickens, while I settled modestly for the daily newspapers. W e each also enjoyed some hobbies we had ignored for ages. M om and Dad did crossword puzzles together, Lu dusted off her stamp collection, and I finished knitting the sweater I had started last September. I n addition, my sister and I both stopped procrastinating with our homework. Instead of putting off our English and math assignments until our favorite shows were over, we tackled them right after supper and found that, without the sound of the TV blaring in our ears, we could do them in a couple of hours—far more quickly than we expected.Second, we did chores that had been hanging over our heads for too long. There were many jobs around the house that had needed attention for some time. Mom fixed a faucet that had been dripping for weeks while Dad patched the cracked plaster in the dining room. Lu and I cleaned our closets, finding records, tapes, and magazines that had been missing for months. By the end of the week, the house was in tidier shape than it had been since we moved in. We also had a chance to do some long-postponed shopping. Mom and Dad picked out a new sofa for the den; Lu bought some new books, and I went through a whole stack of catalogs and finished all my Christmas shopping by mail. And each of us also did some letter writing or other paperwork that was long overdue.Mom and Dad struggled with this year’s income tax forms, Lu wrote to Johnny, a friend she met at Spirit Lake last summer, and I wrote a thank-you note to Aunt Elsie for letting me stay with her during my weekend in New York City last month.Finally, and probably most important, we spent time with each other. Instead of being in the same room together while we stared at a screen, we actually talked for many pleasant hours. Mom told us about the programming project she has been doing at work, and we had fun planning the trip to Boston we are going to take this summer. Moreover, for the first time in years my family played some games together. We played several games of Scrabble, and we even got out the Monopoly set and played a game following the rules our family has made up over the years. And because we didn’t have to worry about missing this or that show, we had some family friends over a couple of evenings and spent an enjoyable time with them. We were glad to see how much the Overholt children had grown, and Joe and Sandy Ciprianni kept us laughing all evening with their stories about fixing up the old house they bought.4 The Third Step in Essay WritingFill-ins (Common Methods of Organization), 75–76The topic sentences in the essay use the words To begin with, Next, and Finally to help show time order.The paragraph uses the following words to help show time order: Next, first, Then, After, and Finally.The topic sentences in the essay use the words For one thing, In addition, and Most important to help show emphatic order.The words Worst of all are used to mark the most emphatic detail in the paragraph.Activity (Common Methods of Organization), 77A. 1. time orderB. time; emphatic; time; emphatic2. emphatic order3. combination of time and emphatic orderActivity (Transitions), 78–801. Addition signals: One, Also, Another2. Time signals:After,First, Next, Finally3. Space signals:N ext [to], To the right, Near4. Change-of-direction signals:But, however5. Illustration signals:For example, such as6. Conclusion signals:Finally, thereforeActivity (Transitional Sentences), 81Answers may vary slightly.In addition to teaching me about the importance of family support, my parents taught me the value of hard work.Along with the value of hard work, my parents emphasized the benefits of a good education. Activity (Other Connecting Words), 831. four times2. he3. iron range; throbbing swellings; frigidActivity (Introductory Paragraph), 86-87 Activity (Concluding Paragraph), 891. B Starting with an opposite 1. P/R2. F Quotation 2. Q3. A General to narrow 3. SActivity (Titles), 90–91Answers will vary; examples of titles are given below.1. Choosing McDonald’s2. A Diner at Midnight3. Audiences at Rock ConcertsActivity 1 (Organizing Through Time Order), 91–931. 12. 33. 13 132 2 2Activity 2 (Organizing Through Emphatic Order), 95–961. 22. 33. 21 1 33 2 1Activity (Providing Transitions), 93–94First of all, there are the people . . .For example, there are the ones . . .Another type of nervous . . .However, neither of these . . .A second category of people . . .On the contrary, they feel compelled . . .As a result, no one hears . . .After they have been to the theater . . .Then they will start . . .Last of all, there are the people who talk . . .In addition, it is impossible . . .But if ever I am granted . . .Activity (Identifying Transitions and Other Connecting Words), 95–96S 1. T 9.P 2. RW 10.T 3. S 11.S 4. T 12.P 5. P 13.RW 6. RW 14.P 7. T 15.P 8.Activity (Completing Transitional Sentences), 96–97Thesis 1:After making certain that your house conforms to state regulations, you must obtain legal permits . . .Finally, once you have the necessary legal permits, you can begin to advertise . . .Thesis 2:In addition to saving me money, watching the game at home is more comfortable than sitting in astadium . . .Even more important than cost and comfort, though, is the technology which makes a televised game better than the “real thing.”. . .Activity (Identifying Introductions and Conclusions), 97-99Pair 1:D Incident or storyI Prediction or recommendationPair 2:E Question(s)G Summary and final thoughtPair 3:F QuotationG Summary and final thought5 The Fourth Step in Essay WritingActivity (Use Parallelism), 101–102Answers may vary slightly.1. The novelty store sells hand buzzers, plastic fangs, and fake insects.2. Many people share the same three great fears: being in high places, working with numbers,and making speeches.3. To decide on a career, people should think closely about their interests, hobbies, and skills.4. At the body shop, the car was sanded down to the bare metal, painted with primer, andsprayed with red enamel.5. In order to become a dancer, Lola is taking lessons, working in amateur shows, andauditioning for professional companies.6. Juan’s last job offered security; his new job offers a better chance for advancement.7. People in today’s world often try to avoid silence, whether on the job, in school, or athome.’s respect.8. Because the dying woman was dignified and courageous, she won everyone9. The politician trusted no one, rewarded loyalty, and depended only on his own instincts.10. If we’re not careful, we’ll leave the next generation polluted air, contaminated water, anddying forests.Activity (Consistency with Verbs), 1031. arrive arrived 6. floatedfloats2. asks asked 7. grabsgrabbed3. sliced slices 8.swooped swoops4. went goes 9.recharged recharge5. tips tipped 10. burnsburnedActivity (Consistency with Pronouns), 104–1051. your their health 6. you I canown2. you I never know 7. you herindigestion3. youwe have if youwe 8. you we don’t dare4. their its aggressive 9. we they canlearn5. one you should plan 10. one you shoulddressActivity 1 (Use Specific Words), 106–107Answers will vary; following are examples.1. Potato chips, pretzels, and salted peanuts . . .2. . . . papers, books, and magazines . . .3. . . . a TV, a CD player, and a computer.4. The comics, the sports pages, the obituaries, and the society page . . .5. . . .my throat, my ears, and my lungs . . .Activity 2 (Use Specific Words), 107–108Answers will vary; following are examples.1. The rusty old Buick sputtered, whined, and refused to start.2. The mathematics final was filled with tricky, baffling problems.3. Little Robbie was so exhausted that he could scarcely keep his eyes open.4. My cluttered, jumbled, dusty bedroom needs to be swept out, scrubbed, and reorganized.5. A broken-down city bus blocked Main Streetand stopped traffic for an hour.Activity (Use Active Verbs), 1091. The typical American diet includes many unhealthy foods.2. Hundreds of biting ants invaded the family picnic.3. Doctors use antibiotics to treat many infections.4. A drunk driver caused the fatal traffic accident.5. The instructor will determine final grades on the basis of class performance.Activity (Use Concise Words), 110–111Answers will vary.1. I will conclude by summarizing my major points.2. Every day, parents must control their children’s television watching.3. I am shy.4. Magazine advertising contains clever hidden messages.5. My worst mistake last week was to hurt my brother’s feelings and not apologize.6. In today’s uncertain economy, the middle class finds it hard to save.7. We liked last night’s television show, but our parents didn’t.8. The school district canceled classes because of the bad weather.9. I regret not having studied word processing in high school.10. People are harmed by emotional as well as by physical abuse.Activity (Revise by Adding a Second Complete Thought), 112–1131. . . . sandwiches, for he is allergic . . .2. . . . sleep, but the thought . . .3. . . . bakery, and it has . . .4. . . . soggy, for rainwater had . . .5. . . . present, so I offered . . .Activity (Revise by Adding a Dependent Thought), 114–115Answers may vary.1. Because I had forgotten to lock the front door, I . . .2. When the bear turned over the rotten log, fat . . .3. After Kevin had sent away for a set of tools, he . . .4. Because some people are allergic to wool, they . . .5. Even though an older woman in my typing class can type almost one hundred words aminute, she . . .Activity (Revise by Beginning with a Special Opening Word or Phrase), 1161. Reluctantly, Shirley signed the repair contract.2. To improve their chances of promotion, the interns volunteered to work overtime.3. During the trial, the accused murderer grinned at the witnesses.4. Crowded with nervous pets, the vet’s office was noisy and confusing.5. Trying to find something worth watching, Barry flipped from channel to channel.Activity (Revise by Placing Adjectives or Verbs in a Series), 117–118Answers may vary.1. The baby toddled across the rug, picked up a button, and put the button in his mouth.2. Brown, foul-tasting water dribbled out of the rusty metal tap.3. By 6 A.M., I had read the textbook chapter, taken notes on it, studied the notes, and drunkeight cups of coffee.4. The exterminator approached the large, papery wasps’ nests hanging under the old woodeneaves.5. Slim brown reeds bordered the stagnant green pond.Activity (Proofreading), 120–1211. 2 6.-112. 4 7.133. 5 8.144. 6 9.165. 9 10.17Corrections (methods of correction may vary):1. an ashtray which I made 6. my father, whosmoked2. the pride I felt when I presented 7. bright purple, myfavorite color3. a shelf; it is a remarkably 8. its rim; they arecolored neon green.4. circle. Unfortunately, 9. love me, Ilook5. or cigar, so I made 10. ugly ashtray;the answerReview Test 1 (Using Parallelism), 1221. filled with suspense suspenseful 6. selling toys toysalesperson2. furniture for the office 7. food on thetable putting food on the tableoffice furniture 8. to cramcramming3. my kitchen working in my kitchen 9. bags are put on them bagged(or:put into bags)4. preparing to prepare 10. with friendlinessas well and his friendliness5. being kind kindnessReview Test 2 (Using Parallelism), 1231. to buy buying 6. werewhispering whispered2. shows on science science shows 7. to start starting3. porch furniture that was rotted 8. pay that is good goodpayrotting porch furniture 9. was putting put 4. her shirt was torn a torn shirt 10. losing lost5. takingtake (or:climbing . . . taking)Review Test 1 (Using a Consistent Point of View), 1241. is was taken 6. getsgot the chicken2. are were not on the same shelf 7. realizes realized itcontained3. proceeds proceeded slowly. 8. transfers transferredthe groceries,4. decides decided to pick up 9. notices noticed that thebarbecued chicken5. parks parked his shopping cart 10. says said to the clerk, Review Test 2 (Using a Consistent Point of View), 1251. you they work. 6. one I canmeet2. you I could hear 7. were toyou me.3. you we are supposed 8. you I drive4. one I must complete 9. you they haveturned in5. you he could not tell 10. and asked to helpyou her.Review Test 1 (Using Specific Words), 126Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. . . . I felt sad, angry, and worried.2. The lukewarm soup, stale sandwiches, and limp salads . . .3. Ants, moths, and spiders . . .4. . . . it rained nonstop, with a bone-chilling wind.5. . . . a broken arm, two broken ribs, and a concussion.Review Test 2 (Using Specific Words), 127Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. The haughty, scowling salesman told us not to waste his time with stupid questions.2. Betty dug her fists into her eyes and shook with sobs.3. The third game of the World Series was a tense pitchers’ duel.4. The airport lounge was thronged with holiday travelers.5. The woman in the front seat was muttering to herself and trembling.Review Test (Using Active Verbs), 1281. The health inspector closed the pizza restaurant.2. The workers in the library sorted huge stacks of donated books.3. A virus infected my computer.4. Oil companies will not increase gasoline prices this winter.5. Our airplanes dropped high-powered bombs onto enemy bases.6. The telephone company placed an additional charge on our phone bill.7. A group of vandals damaged the community center.8. Physical activity, meditation, and relaxation relieve stress.9. The federal government will raise taxes to pay for highway improvements.10. Studies show that watching violent TV programs increases violent behavior.Review Test 1 (Using Concise Words), 129Answers may vary; examples are shown.1. I finally decided to look for a new job.2. Because her printer was out of paper, Renee went to buy some.3. Tamika realized suddenly that her date had stood her up.4. Our teacher does not yet know if she will return next year.5. The salesperson advised us to wait until the price dropped before buying our computer. Review Test 2 (Using Concise Words), 130Answers may vary; examples are shown.1. Our company allows two fifteen-minute coffee breaks.2. Your line of credit has been increased.3. I prefer candy to fruit. (Or:I think candy tastes better than fruit.)4. Lynn rarely admits that she has made a mistake.5. Many people think that children should, by law, attend school until age sixteen.Review Test 1 (Varying Your Sentences), 131Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. Sophie had repaired her broken watchband with a paper clip, but the clip snapped and thewatch slid off her wrist.2. The physical therapist watched as Julie tried to stand on her weakened legs and theycrumpled under her.3. Although there were parking spaces on the street, Richie pulled into an expensive garagebecause he did not want to risk damage to his new car.4. Speeding, the brown truck skidded on some ice and almost hit a startled young policeofficer.5. A sudden terrible rainstorm flooded our basement, knocked slates off the roof, anduprooted a young tree.Review Test 2 (Varying Your Sentences), 132–133Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. When a sudden cold front hit the area, temperatures dropped thirty degrees in less than anhour. I was not wearing a warm jacket, so my teeth began to chatter.2. Vern works as a model, so he has to look his best. When he gained ten pounds recently, hehad to take off the extra weight, or he would have lost his job.。

英语写作过程教学模式3篇

英语写作过程教学模式3篇英语写作过程教学模式1IntroductionTeaching writing in English is an essential skill that requires a structured and systematic approach. While some students may naturally be good writers, others may need more guidance and practice. Therefore, educators need to design a teaching method that addresses the needs of every student.In this article, we will discuss a writing process teaching model that will help students to organize and clarify their ideas and create coherent, well-structured written pieces.Step 1: Pre-writingThe first step in the writing process is pre-writing. Here, the students brainstorm and gather their ideas about thetopic they are writing on. During pre-writing, students should take notes, create outlines, cluster maps, or even use visual aids to navigate through their thoughts.For instance, if the topic is about the importance of physical exercise, the student can brainstorm on the benefits of exercise, types of exercises, and possible barriers to exercise. It is essential to emphasize to the students that pre-writing is essential, and they should not skip it. Skipping this step often results in poorly written and disorganized papers.Step 2: DraftingAfter brainstorming, students should start drafting their ideas into an outline, rough draft, or thesis statement. Drafting is the fleshing out of ideas generated during pre-writing. Here, students should focus on generating ideas, rather than worrying about grammar, spelling, or punctuation. It's better to get the ideas down on paper first and revise later.Step 3: RevisingOnce students have a rough draft, they can begin to revise their work. This step involves making changes to the paper to ensure it is clear, concise, and well orgnaized. Revision includes checking the flow of ideas, sentence structure, syntax, and grammar. Additionally, students should look for unnecessary phrases or words, repetition, and clichés. This step requires students to review and revise their writing several times.Step 4: EditingEditing is a crucial step in the writing process. This step involves checking for grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors. Students should read their work aloud to ensure it flows well and make the necessary corrections. It isessential to teach students the importance of proofreading their work before submitting it.Step 5: PublishingThe final step in the writing process is publishing. Thisstep involves sharing the written piece with the intended audience. A student may share their writing piece with classmates, family, or even publish it on an online platform. Creating a platform for students to share their work will encourage them to take pride in their writing and be more confident.ConclusionIn conclusion, the teaching model outlined above aims to support students in writing coherent and well-structured essays. The writing process is a complex task that is not always easy for students to navigate. However, by breaking down the writing process into smaller steps, educators canhelp students to write more efficiently and effectively. Itis essential to encourage students to take ownership of their writing and be confident in their ability to produce quality work.英语写作过程教学模式2随着英语学习的广泛普及，越来越多的人开始重视英语写作，特别是对于需要经常使用英语的人来说，英语写作能力的重要性更是不言而喻。

AcademicWriting[8]英语专业论文写作

Fiction vs. non-fiction Professional writing vs. popular writing Literary writing vs. scientific writing Technical writing vs. academic writing.
Taking notes:
Summary Paraphrase quotation
Kinds of Writing

For graduation For further education For future career For publication
“Published” can mean anything from appearance in a Journal with international circulation of hundreds of thousands of copies each issue to a graduation paper (e.g. B.A. / B.S. and M.A. / M. S. thesis or PhD Dissertation) in which only a few copies are printed to a review committee. In our case, the definition of “published” is extended to refer to a paper written to fulfill the requirements of a course. This can be considered a dress rehearsal for the writing of your BA / B.S. thesis, and ultimately for the publication of an actual paper.

英语写作(四)

Prewriting Guidelines
Hale Waihona Puke Here are some guidelines for prewriting: Take a few minutes to sit and think about your topic before you begin to write. Write whatever comes to mind Write freely for about 10 minutes. When you write, do not worry about any rules or regulations as spelling, punctuation, grammar, logic, etc.
Conceiving a thesis statement
Why do we need to conceive a thesis statement? It narrows your subject to a single, central idea. It names the topic and asserts something specific and significant about it. It conveys your reason for writing, your purpose. It often concisely previews the arrangement of ideas.
Identify your main idea and supporting details
• With all the generated ideas, you need to identify the idea that you would like to write about more, and the details that you can use to best support your main ideas.

英语写作--The_Process_Essay

Using Process Writing
College writing for science, literature, history, or any other subject. Use process writing to persuade or to inform. A process essay should have a clear thesis statement that identifies the process and tells why it is performed.
First Person Present Tense
“After I place the chemicals in the tray, I turn out the lights in the darkroom.” (habitual process performed by the writer)
Using transitions
Check list of transitions on page 43 of our textbook Specifically useful are such transitions as first, second, meanwhile, after this, next, then, at the same time, when you have finished, and finally. Use transitions to establish sequential and chronological relationships between steps in process.
The Process Essay
Solano College Federle, English 1

英语写作

Topic – performance in algebra Comment – students can improve their performance by applying 10 strategies Questions – What are the 10 strategies?; How do you apply them?; Will they help improve performance?
Tell why I enjoy basketball so readers will understand the benefits of playing the game.
s?
Explain the benefits of playing basketball for me – social interaction, improved fitness and challenge of the game
12
The Confident Writer A confident writer is fearless, a risk-taker, one who is willing to riskexpress ideas and take the consequences. A confident writer might be anyone; a confident writer could be you!
Source: Kanar, Carol C. The College Writer
15
Traits of a Confident Writer
Inquisitive You have a questioning mind and the will to keep searching for answers Observant You choose details that appeal to the five senses and create images in readers’ minds. Precise You know how to explain processes clearly and exactly so that readers understand

写作指导：英语写作手册考试题目

写作指导：英语写作手册考试题目英语写作手册考试题目英语写作手册考试题目一、填空。

1. The words that are often used may be divided, from a stylistic point of view, into three2.3. A grammatically complete sentence is one that contains at least and a4. According to their use, sentences are5. A loose sentence puts the main idea before all supplementary information; in otherwords, it puts first things first, and lets the readers know what it is mainly about when they have read the first few words. The reverse arrangement makes a periodic sentence: the main idea is expressed at or near the end of it, and it is not grammatically complete until the end is reached. (松散句，圆周句P39)6. 7. Inductive reasoning: when you use induction, you start with facts and proceed fromfacts to a general conclusion. In other words, you move from specific examples to a general statement.Deductive reasoning: The process is just the opposite of inductive reasoning—it moves from a general statement to s specific conclusion. It workson the model of syllogism—a three-part argument in which there are two statements, known as the major premise and the minor premise, and a conclusion.8. The process of writing a research paper is generally divided into five steps or stages: ? Choosing a topic;Collecting information;Analyzing the information, organizing ideas, and working out and outline;Writing the first draft;Revising the draft and finalizing the paper.二．修辞辨别。

英语作文写作步骤与技巧解析

英语作文写作步骤与技巧解析Writing Steps and Techniques in English Essay WritingWriting an essay in English requires a systematic approach and specific techniques to ensure clarity, coherence, and effectiveness in conveying ideas. This article will provide a detailed analysis of the steps involved in essay writing, along with useful tips and strategies for improving writing skills.Step 1: Pre-writingThe pre-writing stage is crucial for organizing thoughts and gathering relevant information. Start by understanding the essay prompt and identifying the main topic or question. Conduct thorough research to gather relevant sources such as books, articles, and online materials. Take notes and create an outline to structure your essay.Step 2: IntroductionThe introduction serves as a roadmap for the reader, providing a clear overview of the essay's main arguments. Begin with a captivating hook to grab the reader's attention. This could be a surprising statistic, a thought-provoking question, or an engaging anecdote. Provide necessary background information and thesis statement, which clearly states the main argument or position you will defend throughout the essay.Step 3: Body paragraphsThe body paragraphs develop and support the main thesis statement. Each paragraph should focus on a single idea or argument, supported by evidence and examples. Start each paragraph with a topic sentence thatpresents the main idea. Then, provide supporting evidence such as facts, statistics, or quotations from reputable sources. Make sure to analyze the evidence and explain how it supports your argument. Use transitional words and phrases to create smooth transitions between paragraphs and ensure a coherent flow of ideas.Step 4: CounterargumentsAcknowledge and address counterarguments to strengthen your position and demonstrate critical thinking. This shows that you have considered multiple perspectives and have the ability to defend your own viewpoint. Present counterarguments in a respectful manner, and then provide evidence and reasoning to refute them effectively. This will strengthen your overall argument and show the depth of your analysis.Step 5: ConclusionThe conclusion summarizes the main points discussed in the essay and reinforces the thesis statement. Restate the thesis in a different way and provide a brief summary of the arguments made in the body paragraphs. Avoid introducing new information in the conclusion. Instead, suggest potential implications or provide a final thought that leaves the reader with something to contemplate.Techniques for Effective Essay Writing:1. Clarity and conciseness: Use clear and concise language to convey your ideas. Avoid unnecessary jargon or complex vocabulary. Check for sentence clarity and eliminate any ambiguity.2. Grammar and punctuation: Pay attention to grammar and punctuation rules. Proofread your essay for errors and ensure proper use of commas, periods, and other punctuation marks. Use grammar-checking tools if needed.3. Vary sentence structure: Use a combination of simple, compound, and complex sentences to maintain a balanced rhythm in your writing. This will keep readers engaged and enhance the flow of ideas.4. Use strong evidence: Support your arguments with reliable evidence, such as research studies, expert opinions, or real-life examples. This will strengthen your position and make your essay more persuasive.5. Edit and revise: After completing the first draft, take the time to edit and revise your essay. Check for coherence, logical progression of ideas, and overall organization. Proofread for spelling and grammar errors, and make necessary revisions to improve the clarity and effectiveness of your writing.In conclusion, writing an effective essay requires careful planning, organization, and attention to detail. By following the steps outlined above and implementing the suggested techniques, you can improve your essay writing skills and produce well-structured, persuasive essays in English.。

关于英语写作过程的作文

关于英语写作过程的作文Writing in English can be a challenging process for many people. It requires careful consideration of grammar, vocabulary, and structure to effectively convey meaning and ideas. For non-native English speakers, the process can be even more daunting, as they must navigate the complexities of a language that is not their mother tongue. 英语写作是许多人的一个挑战性过程。

它需要对语法、词汇和结构进行仔细考虑，以有效地表达意义和观点。

对于非母语为英语的人来说，这个过程可能会更加艰巨，因为他们必须应对一个不是母语的语言的复杂性。

One of the first challenges in the English writing process is simply getting started. Many writers, regardless of their proficiency in the language, struggle to find the right words to begin with. This is particularly true for non-native English speakers, who may feel overwhelmed by the vast amount of vocabulary and expression choices available to them. 在英语写作过程中的第一个挑战是开始。

英语指出问题作文模板

英语指出问题作文模板英文回答：Identifying Problems in English Writing。

Introduction。

Effective writing involves the ability to identify and address problems in the writing process. Problems can manifest in various forms, affecting the clarity, coherence, and overall quality of the written piece. To write effectively, it is crucial to develop a critical eye for identifying and rectifying these issues. This essayprovides a comprehensive template for identifying problemsin English writing, facilitating the development of strong and cohesive prose.Steps to Identify Problems in English Writing。

1. Review the Writing Prompt。

Thoroughly understand the writing task by carefully reviewing the prompt. Identify the main purpose, audience, and any specific requirements. This clarity will guide your analysis and help you identify areas where your writing may fall short.2. Brainstorm and Organize Ideas。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

A good or bad experience
Ask the 5 basic questions
Making a List
Also known as Brainstorming While brainstorming write a list of everything related to your subject you can. Don’t sort out what is important and what isn’t just write everything down as a list
Freewriting
What annoys you? We’re going to practice freewriting!
Remember Your spelling, grammar, and organization DON’T MATTER! Don’t think too much. Write anything and everything that comes to your mind (And don’t erase anything!)
WRITE!! Freewriting WRITE!! WRITE!! WRITE!! WRITE!!
Freewriting
There are lots of things I get annoyed by. One of them that comes to mind is fast food resturants, in fact I am so annoyed by them that I don’t want to say anything about them the last thing I want is to write about them. Another thing that bothers me are people who keep complaining about everything. If you’re having trouble, Topic: What of freewriting Ando something about it dont just keep complaining and example Annoys You just talking. I am really annoyed by traffic. I am really bothered when I have to drive to the movies all the congestion along the way plus there are just so many cars there at the mall. No space even though the parking lot is huge it just fills up with cars. Movies are a bother anyway because people can be annoying who are sitting there in the theatre with you, talking and dropping popcorn cups and acting like they’re alone at home when their not
Making a List
Making a list can come after Freewriting After you freewrite you can read through your free writing and try to decide what might be a good topic to write about After you’ve decided your topic you can pull out all the details you have in your free writing and make your list
Clustering
You begin by stating your subject (topic) in a few words in the center of a blank sheet of paper. As you think of ideas and details put them in boxes or circles around the subject Draw lines to connect them to each other and to the subject Put minor ideas or details in smaller boxes or circles, and use connecting lines to show how they relate as well
Traffic is bad to the movies
No place to park Parking lot is huge Movie goers are annoying
Dropped popcurn Act like they’re at home
Making a List
Topic: Realistic goals (major list! Now practice with making a and minor) you would like to accomplish between today and one year from one
The Writing Process
The steps for writing an ee essay writing process again: thesis 1. Discovering a ________ Unity
support 2. Developing solid _________ for the thesis
Think about your topic Develop a thesis Get some freakin’ words on the paper!!
The five prewriting techniques 1. Freewriting
2. Questioning 3. Making a list 4. Diagramming 5. Preparing a Scratch Outline
Why – Why was it good or bad? Why did it happen?
When – When did it happen? When did I realize it was a good or bad experience?
Where – Where did it happen? Where were the problems or good things happening?
Goals you would like to accomplish between today and one year from now
Make a list!
Clustering
Also known as Diagramming or Mapping Use of lines, boxes, arrows, and circles to show relationships among the ideas and details that occur to you.
Who – Who started the situation? Who made it good or bad? Who was there? How – How did I recover from the situation? How did it happen? How was it fixed?
3. Organizing the thesis and supporting material to ensure Coherence
Support
Organization
Proof-reading 4. Revising and then editing (also know as ________________) carefully
What annoys you?
Freewrite!
Questioning
Ask yourself the 5 basic questions
1. WHY 2. WHEN 3. WHERE 4. WHO
5. HOW
Questioning
Example Topic -
A good or bad experience in my life
JUST WRITE!
NO! DON’T THINK! JUST WRITE!!!
Freewriting is just writing everything that comes to your mind.
Sometimes it’s whole sentences, sometimes it’s a phrase, and other times it’s just random words Grammar, spelling, organization mean nothing during this process! Don’t worry about accuracy at all... JUST
There are lots of things I get annoyed by. One of them Making a List that comes to mind is fast food resturants, in fact I am so annoyed by them that I don’t want to say anything aboutAn examplelastfreewriting is to write about them. them the of thing I want becoming a list Another thing that bothers me are people who keep complaining about everything. If you’re having trouble, do something about it dont just keep complaining and just talking. I am really annoyed by traffic. I am really bothered when I have to drive to the movies all the congestion along the way plus there are just so many cars there at the mall. No space even though the parking lot is huge it just fills up with cars. Movies are a bother anyway because people can be annoying who are sitting there in the theatre with you, talking and dropping popcorn cups and acting like they’re alone at home when their not