火龙果病害防治

1、火龙果的分类地位

●A pitaya or pitahaya is the fruit of several species of family Cactaceae.

◆"Pitaya" usually refers to fruit of the

genus Stenocereus新绿柱属

◆“Pitahaya”or “Dragonfruit”always

refers to fruit of the genus Hylocereus（量天尺属三角柱属）.

●火龙果，又名青龙果、红龙果，因其外表肉质鳞片似蛟龙外鳞而得名。

●它是仙人掌科三角柱属（Hylocereus）或蛇鞭柱属（Selenicereus）植物果实，呈椭圆形，直径10~12cm，外观为红色或黄色，有绿色圆角三角形的叶状体，白色、红色或黄色果肉，具有黑色种子的水果。属凉性。

●2、火龙果的品种

●主要品种有红皮白肉、红皮红肉和黄皮系列，以红皮红肉和黄皮系列为佳。

a) Hylocereus undutas

red skin with white flesh fruit.

b) Hylocereus costaricensis and H. polyrhizus

both are of red skin with red flesh fruit.

●C) Hylocereus megalanthus

◆Pitaya amarilla or Yellow Pitaya, also

known as Selenicereus megalanthus

◆yellow-skinned fruit with white flesh

●3、分布

◆The the genus Hylocereus are native to Mexico,

Central America, and South America.

◆Currently cultivated in East Asian and Southeast

Asian countries such as Cambodia, Thailand,

Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, the

Philippines, Indonesia and more recently

Bangladesh. They are also found in Okinawa,

Hawaii, Israel, northern Australia, southern China

and in Cyprus.

◆The fruit was probably introduced by Europeans

who brought it from the New WorldIn the case of

Taiwan, the fruit was brought in by the Dutch。

●原产中美洲，是热带、亚热带的著名水果之一。后传入越南、泰国等东南亚国家和中国的台湾省，目前大陆的海南、广西、广东、福建、贵州等省区也进行了引种试种。

●火龙果为热带植物，喜光耐阴、耐热耐旱、喜肥耐瘠，其茎贴在岩石上亦可生长，植株抗风力极强，火龙果可适应各种土壤。

●4、特性

◆Hylocereus blooms only at night

◆the large white fragrant flowers of the

typical cactus flower shape are among

those called "moonflower" or "Queen of

the Night". Sweet pitahayas have a creamy pulp and a delicate aroma.

◆It is also grown as an Ornamental plant,

used in gardens as a flowering vine and a

house plant indoors.

5、价值

0.98%

1.21%Linolenic acid 50.1%49.6%Linoleic acid

2.81%

3.14%Cis-vaccenic acid

23.8%21.6%Oleic acid

0.61%0.91%Palmitoleic acid

4.37%

5.49%Stearic acid

17.1%17.9%Palmitic acid

0.3%0.2%Myristic acid

Hylocereus undatus (White-fleshed pitaya)Hylocereus polyrhizus (Red-fleshed

pitaya)

Fatty acid compositions

●火龙果营养丰富、功能独特，它含有一般植物少有的植物性白蛋白及花青素，丰富的维生素和水溶性膳纤维。

●促进健康、美容、防病强身。

●低能量的水果，富含水溶性膳食纤维，具有减肥、降低胆固醇、预防便秘、大肠癌等功效

●富含花青素

◆强抗氧化剂，强于胡萝卜素10倍，且能在人

体血液中保存活性75小时。

◆花青素保护人体免受自由基的损伤，有助于

预防多种与自由基有关的疾病。

◆花青素增强血管弹性，保护动脉血管内壁；

降低血压；增进皮肤的光滑度，美颜肌肤；抑制炎症和过敏，改善关节的柔韧性，预防关节炎；可以促进视网膜细胞中的视紫质再生，改善视力；还具有抗辐射的作用等。