考博英语翻译的10大经典句型
考博英语翻译技巧实例
考博英语翻译技巧实例1。
In l664 the great English diarist，John Evelyn，published，with the approval of the Royal Society of London，a book Sylva or a Discourse of Forest Trees in which one sees，perhaps for the first time，a realization that trees，then so important in the construction of ships，were indeed becoming sadly depleted and that something urgently needed to be done by way of deliberate planting to ensure enough for the future.1664．年，英国伟大的日记作家J·Evelyn，经伦敦皇家学会批准出版了一部森林志，即《林木论》。
在这本著作中，人们可以说是第一次了解到一个现实：当时，在造船业中如此重要的树木的确正在悲惨地遭到浩劫；必须采取紧急措施，通过认真植树以便确保未来有足够的树木。
(with．．．London介词短语作条件状语修饰published，其宾语是a book。
在which 定语从句中，one泛指人们。
a realization是谓语sees的宾语。
so important in...ship是非限定性定语，用来修饰trees。
句中两个that均引导同位语从句用来揭示realization的概念内涵。
)2．As a magnetic material becomes more and more magnetized，more and more of its magnetic domains line up，with their north poles a11 pointing inone direction and their south poles in the opposite direction．随着材料的磁性变强，材料中越来越多的磁畴便会排列起来，其N极均指向一个方向，而S极则指向相反的方向。
2016年考博英语翻译技巧：示例详解
1.改变词类(Conversion) 英语⼀个词能充当的句⼦成分较少，充当不同成分时常常要改变词类。
最常见的是将英语的名词或形容词转换成汉语的动词。
Insulin is used in the treatment of diabetes. 胰岛素⽤于治疗糖尿病。
This issue is of paramount importance. 这个问题极其重要。
Formality has always characterized their relationship. 他们之间的关系有⼀个特点，就是相敬如宾。
As the war progressed, he would symbolize their frustrations, the embodiment of all evils. 随着战争的进⾏，他成了受挫的象征，成了万恶的化⾝。
It leads the discussions to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. (34 words ) (1997. 73) 这种说法从⼀开始就将讨论引向两个极端，它使⼈们认为该这样对待动物：要么像对待⼈类⾃⾝⼀样关切体谅，要么完全冷漠⽆情。
Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. (27 words) (1997. 72) ⼈们之所以关注历史研究的⽅法论，主要是因为史学界内意见不⼀，其次是因为外界并不认为历史是⼀门学问。
清华大学考博英语必备翻译知识点与例句
清华大学考博英语必备翻译知识点与例句1.When I fetched the sketch on the stretcher I found the secretary's secret.当我拿来担架上的素描时我发现了秘书的秘密.2.The mutual spirits inspired us to reach the annual aim.相互的精神鼓舞了我们达到年度目标.3.The roaring oar hit the coarse keyboard on the cupboard aboard the boat.轰鸣的桨击中了船上碗柜上的粗糙键盘.4.My intimate mate's ultimate estimate approximates the appropriate value.我亲密伙伴的最终估计接近恰当的值.需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
5.In case of necessity,necessary session can be held on the vessel.必要时,必需的开庭可在船舶上进行.6.By the navigation of microwave,the navy paved a pavement on the wavy sea.借助微波导航，海军在多浪的大海上铺了一条路。
7.The minority of us are confronted with difficulty in the frontier of the major.我们少数人在该专业尖端领域面临困难.8.From the context of the text,I find the next pretext forselling the textile.我从课文的前后关系中找到卖纺织品的下一个借口.9.The systematic items stem from the walker's talk about the chalk.这些系统的条款来源于步行者关于粉笔的谈话.10.Theoretically,their heir's theory of meteorology can explain the meteor.从理论上讲，他们的继承人的气象理论能解释这种大气现象。
how to get a phd经典语录
how to get a phd经典语录
1. "A PhD is not a job, it's a lifestyle." - 这句话的意思是，获得博士学位并不是一份工作，而是一种生活方式。
这意味着在攻读博士学位期间，你需要全身心地投入研究，付出大量的时间和精力。
2. "The only way to do great work is to love what you do." - 这句话的意思是，做出伟大成果的唯一方法就是热爱你所做的事情。
在攻读博士学位时，你需要对你的研究领域充满热情，这样才能在研究过程中保持动力和创造力。
3. "Fail often so you can succeed sooner." - 这句话的意思是，经常失败才能更快地成功。
在攻读博士学位的过程中，你可能会遇到很多挫折和困难，但正是这些失败经历帮助你成长，最终实现成功。
4. "It's okay to be the dumbest person in the room. You're there to learn." - 这句话的意思是，成为房间里最愚蠢的人也没关系，因为你在那里是为了学习。
在攻读博士学位时，不要害怕提问和承认自己的无知，这样才能更好地学习和进步。
5. "Publish or perish." - 这句话的意思是，发表论文或者消亡。
在学术界，发表论文是评价一个研究者能力和成就的重要标准。
因此，在攻读博士学位期间，努力发表高质量的论文是非常重要的。
医学考博英语作文必背20个万能句
医学考博英语作文必背20个万能句本文将详细的为医学考博生们解析如何变通的将医学考博英语作文必背的20个万能句，应用于医学考博英语作文各类题目中。
考试的时候肯定不可能考到一模一样的句子，那这20个句子到底怎么用?方法如下：例一：According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.根据最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
这是一个中英文对照的例句，在这个句子中，我们能提炼出这样一个结构：According to a recent survey, ________ people die each year from diseases linked to _________.最近一项调查显示，每年有多少多少人死于和什么什么有关的疾病。
OK，你现在要做的，就是把这个句子背下来，然后考试的时候，只要涉及到“根据一项调查”、“有调查表明”、“有调查发现”，我们就可以把这个句子卖弄出来。
横线上根据具体内容往上填就行了。
比如说，考试时候如果你想表达：“根据一项调查，中国每年有20万人死于和肥胖有关的疾病。
”，那我们就可以淡定从容地写道：According to a recent survey, 200,000 people die each year form diseases liked to obesity in China.这样的句子简洁、规范、漂亮，是不是比你自己吭哧半天才好不容易挤出来的句子强?例二：When it comes to a healthy diet, nutritionists believe that the increasing consumption of vegetables and fruits can lower the risks of stroke and coronary heart disease.说起健康饮食，营养学家认为多吃蔬菜水果可以降低中风和冠心病的发病危险。
中央音乐学院考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句
中央音乐学院考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句01.The attendants attend the meeting and pretend to be attentive.侍从们出席会议并装出专注的样子。
02.The tenderer surrendered her tremendously slender tender fingers.投标者交出了她异常纤细娇嫩的手指.03.The tension tends to extend to a more extensive extent.紧张倾向于向更广泛的程度扩展。
04.I spend money on expensive things endlessly;so the expenditure trends up.我无休止地花钱买昂贵的东西,所以开支趋向上升。
05.I send him the blend calendar and the splendid bent lens he lent to me.我把他借给我的混合日历和绝妙的弯曲透镜送给他.06.The goodness of the wooden goods gives me good mood.木制商品的精华给我一个好心情.需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
07.The teenagers in the canteen are keen to see the queen sitting between the green screens in the greenhouse.食堂里的少年们巴望见到坐在温室里的绿色屏风间的女王。
08.From the tiny tin pin,the spinner pinched off an inch.纺纱工从小锡别针上掐掉一英寸。
09.In my opinion,only the onion can grow in the iron environment.据我看,只有洋葱能在铁质环境中生长。
3.考博英语翻译技巧+
考博英语翻译技巧1、考博翻译主要是考理解2、把题目忠实、通顺的写成中文或英文翻译的实质：对语言进行编码和重新再编码；涉及到两种语言之间意群的编码和重新再编码。
考博翻译和考博阅读的区别：1、阅读是被动技能；翻译是主动技能2、翻译的词汇深度远大于阅读eg. develop 发展；资源的开发；养成某种习惯；得病3、翻译是一个使用英语语言能力的平台翻译的标准： 1. faithfulness 信（忠诚）2. expressiveness 达（达意）3. gracefulness 雅（优雅）考博翻译的标准：忠实、通顺eg. Of study（论读书）Of study, study serves for delight, for ornament and for ability.（读书可以怡情，可以博采，可以长才。
）of 所要谈论的是...... study 指学习的一种具体形式，即读书of study 论读书delight 高兴、愉快ornament 装饰、修饰ability 能力、才能、才干读书可以使人高兴；读书可以装饰某人，充实某人；读书可以提升某人的能力，增长某人的才干。
翻译的三大译法：一、直译字对字的翻译（literary translation）占考研翻译中80%的题目eg. Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。
to add fuel to the fire 火上浇油。
确定一个目标并不是非常困难的，真正困难的是如何脚踏实地地实现这个目标。
It is not very difficult to set up a goal, what is really difficult is how to achieve it diligently.二、意译(free translation) 完全抛开原句的句子结构去翻译eg. Adolescents (青少年), boys and girls, from deeply sentimental (多愁善感的) attachments (情感), walk and talk together.情谊绵绵的孩子们同行同语.注意：意译在考研英语翻译中占20%。
(完整)医学考博英语作文必背20个万能句
医学考博英语作文必背20个万能句本文将详细的为医学考博生们解析如何变通的将医学考博英语作文必背的20个万能句，应用于医学考博英语作文各类题目中。
考试的时候肯定不可能考到一模一样的句子，那这20个句子到底怎么用？方法如下：例一：According to a recent survey， four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking。
根据最近的一项调查,每年有4，000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
这是一个中英文对照的例句,在这个句子中，我们能提炼出这样一个结构：According to a recent survey, ________ people die each year from diseases linked to _________。
最近一项调查显示，每年有多少多少人死于和什么什么有关的疾病。
OK,你现在要做的，就是把这个句子背下来,然后考试的时候,只要涉及到“根据一项调查”、“有调查表明”、“有调查发现"，我们就可以把这个句子卖弄出来。
横线上根据具体内容往上填就行了。
比如说，考试时候如果你想表达：“根据一项调查，中国每年有20万人死于和肥胖有关的疾病.”,那我们就可以淡定从容地写道：According to a recent survey, 200,000 people die each year form diseases liked to obesity in China.这样的句子简洁、规范、漂亮,是不是比你自己吭哧半天才好不容易挤出来的句子强？例二：When it comes to a healthy diet, nutritionists believe that the increasing consumption of vegetables and fruits can lower the risks of stroke and coronary heart disease。
各校考博英语翻译
北理工05翻译A. Translate the following two short paragraphs into Chinese.(10 points)1. We do not make mistakes on the basis of race or color. We don not make them because we are male or female, young or old. We do no make mistakes of choice or judgments because we want to make mistakes. We make them because we are human. Mistakes, bad judgments, the stupid things we do are all a part of being human. We cannot hide from who we are. We should not hide from what we do. When we acknowledge our mistakes or errors and face up to our human shortcomings, no one can use them against us.2. We are first and foremost responsible to and for ourselves. We can help other people. We can assist other people. What we cannot do is make what we do for others or others do for us more important than what we do for ourselves. When we find something or someone creating in our lives something we don not want, we must muster the courage and strength to tell them to stop it. When we do, we preserve our sense of self.B. Translate the following two paragraphs into English.(20 points)几年前我认识一个非常聪明但任性的中国青年，他急切地想去美国读大学，但又没有被他申请的长春藤合会名牌大学录取。
博士复试英语口语万能句式
博士复试英语口语万能句式Sure, here are some general phrases and sentence structures you can use during your PhD interview in English:1. Introduction:- Hello, my name is [Your Name]. I am very pleased to be here for the interview.- It's a pleasure to meet you all. Thank you for this opportunity.2. Background and Experience:- I completed my undergraduate degree in [Your Major] at [University Name].- After that, I pursued my Master's degree in [Your Major] at [University Name].- During my studies, I focused on [Specific Research Area] and gained valuable experience in [Research Techniques or Methodologies].3. Research Interests:- My research interests lie in [Specific Research Area] because I am passionate about [Reason for Interest].- I believe that studying [Specific Research Area] can contribute to [Broader Impact or Advancement in the Field].4. Skills and Qualifications:- I have strong analytical and problem-solving skills, which have been honed through my research projects.- I am proficient in [Specific Research Techniques or Software], which are essential for conducting high-quality research in my field.5. Future Plans:- In the future, I hope to [Specific Career Goal or Research Objective], as I believe it will allow me to make a meaningful contribution to the field.- I am excited about the prospect of collaborating with experts in the field and contributing to cutting-edge research projects.现在让我用中文总结一下：以上是一些在博士复试英语口语中可以使用的常用短语和句式。
考博英语翻译笔记
考博英语翻译笔记倒装和分割结构为了强调句子的某些部分，或是为了保持句子平衡，英语中常常使用倒装。
大体说来，倒装可以分为主谓倒装和非主谓倒装。
主谓倒装里又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
在翻译的时候，既可以按照主谓语的顺序翻译，也可以按照字面意思翻译。
非主谓倒装只是将强调部分前置，以保持句子平衡或是起强调作用。
翻译时可以采用顺序译法或是倒序译法。
1. For example, they do not compensate for social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.分析：本句中had he grown up under more favorable circumstances 属于部分倒装。
正常语序为：if he had grown up under more favorable circumstances 。
在正式文体中，可以将虚拟条件句中的if 省略，并将助动词提前。
译文：例如，它们（指测试）并不弥补社会的不公，因此不能说明一个贫困青年，要是在比较有利的境况下长大，会有多大才干。
2. Nonstop waves of immigrants played a role, too and so did bigger crops of babies as yesterday’s “baby boom”generation reached its child-bearing years.分析：该句中so did bigger crops of babies 属于语法倒装。
用so 来代替前述肯定句谓语部分所说情况。
译文：不间断的移民浪潮也起了作用——而且随着昔日在“生育高峰期”出生的一代人达到生育年龄，婴儿的出生数量增加了，这同样起了作用。
中国矿业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句
中国矿业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点及其例句01.The tenant is discontented with the content of the agreement for renting the tennis tent.租客对承租网球帐篷协议的内容不满。
02.The current occurrence of torrent spurs him to buy fur and sulfur.最近的洪流事件刺激他去买皮毛和硫磺。
03.I'm confident that the dentist will deny the confidential accidental incident.我确信这个牙医将会否认这个秘密的意外事件。
04.The student identified the identical idiom on the identity cards.学生鉴别身份证上完全相同的的成语。
需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
05.The stupid student rapidly studied the accident in the studio.愚蠢(乏味、麻木)的学生在工作室内快速学习这个意外事件。
06.Considering considerable spiders outside,I stay in the president's residence.鉴于外面有太多的蜘蛛，我留在校长的住处。
07.Besides this side,I considered both the inside and outside.除了这一侧面，内外两面我都考虑了。
08.It's evident that the evil devil inevitably goes to ruin.很明显，邪恶的魔鬼必定走向灭亡。
考博英语作文经典句型
作文常用句型一、引出话题的句式1. Nowadays, .. has become aproblem we have to face.如今 …… 已经成为我们必须面对的问题 。
2.Nowadays, more and more people are concerned about the problem of..现在越来越多的人开始关注 ……的问题 。
3. Recently, the issue/ problem of...has been brought into focus/ brought to public attention /posed among public attention.最近…… 的问题已经成为人们关注的焦点。
4. Recently, the rise in the phenomenon of... has drawn/aroused worldwide attention最近……现象的日益增多已经引起了全世界的注意。
5. With the increasingly rapid economic globalization and 随着日益发展的经济全球化和城市化，更多的问题受到我们的关urbanization, more problems are 注，如……就是其中之一。
brought to our attention.... is oneof ..二、分析原因的句式2三、说明事物优点的常用句式四、说明事物缺点的常用句式列举事物的词：1)first, second, third, last ( 俗)2)firstly, secondly, thirdly,finally( 俗 )3)the first, the second, the third, the ast ( 俗 )4)in the first place, in the second lace, in the third place,lastly ( 俗 )5)to begin with, then, furthermore, inally6) to start with, next, in addition, finally7)first and foremost, besides, last but ot least8)most important of all, moreover, inally9)on the one hand, on the other hand10)for one thing, for another thing五、表明事物利大于弊的常用句式六、提出解决方案的句式(建议)七、结束语对立观点型作文一、点明主题、具体介绍两种对立观点的常用句式二、陈述自己观点的常用句式。
考博英语翻译十二种翻译方法
考博英语翻译十二种翻译方法考博英语翻译翻译部分看似简单其实很容易扣分，新东方在线考博频道整理了考博英语翻译十二种翻译方法供考生们参考复习。
一：同义反译法1. only three customers remained in the bar.酒吧间只有三个顾客还没有走。
别译为“只有三个客人还留在酒吧”或“还呆在酒吧”。
2. I'll be here for good this time.这一次我再也不走了。
别译为：“我会永远在此呆下去”3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.我不在家的时候，别让炉子灭了。
别译为：“我外出时，请让炉子继续烧着”，更别译为：让火持续烧着，当我在外面的时候。
4. "Wait, he is serious."等等，他不是说着玩儿的。
别译为：“等等，他是认真的。
”更别译为：“等等，他是斯尔瑞斯。
”5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"听我说，克拉拉，对这孩子可不能心软。
别译为：“.就现在，克拉拉，对孩子要坚定点”The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiarair of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seemsin many cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulattowomen.到南方去的人看见那些黑白混血的女郎，一定会注意到她们十之八九都有那种独特的优雅风度、那种温柔的声音和文静的举止。
别译成：在南方的旅客一定会经常注意到有些人有着优雅的风度，柔和的声音及文静的举止，在很多情况下这些都会被当成是黑白混血女郎独有的禀赋。
医学考博英语作文必背20个万能句
医学考博英语作文必背20个万能句英文回答。
1. The etiology of this disease remains elusive.The cause of this disease is still unknown.2. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.More research is needed to understand the fundamental processes involved.3. The clinical presentation of this condition varies widely.The symptoms of this disease can differsignificantly from one individual to another.4. The prognosis of this disease is generally favorable.The outlook for people with this disease is typically good.5. The treatment of this disease typically involves a multimodal approach.Treatment for this disease usually involves a combination of different methods.6. The prevalence of this disease is increasing.The number of people with this disease is rising.7. This disease is a major public health concern.This disease poses a significant threat to the health of the population.8. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving outcomes.Identifying and treating this disease early on is essential for better patient outcomes.9. The molecular basis of this disease is not fully understood.The genetic and biochemical mechanisms underlying this disease are still being investigated.10. This disease has a significant impact on the quality of life.This disease can have a profound effect on the well-being and daily functioning of individuals.11. The development of new therapeutic strategies is urgently needed.There is a pressing need for more effective treatments for this disease.12. This disease is a significant cause of morbidityand mortality.This disease is a major contributor to illness and death.13. The pathogenesis of this disease is complex and multifactorial.The development of this disease involves a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors.14. The clinical manifestations of this disease can be highly variable.The signs and symptoms of this disease can differ widely, making diagnosis challenging.15. The diagnosis of this disease is based on a combination of clinical findings and laboratory tests.A definitive diagnosis of this disease typicallyrequires a thorough evaluation and testing.16. The management of this disease requires a tailored approach.Treatment for this disease needs to be individualized based on the specific characteristics of each patient.17. The prognosis of this disease depends on several factors.The outlook for individuals with this disease varies depending on factors such as age, overall health, and the severity of the disease.18. This disease is associated with a number of complications.This disease can lead to a range of secondary health problems.19. The prevention of this disease is essential for protecting public health.Measures to prevent the spread of this disease are crucial for safeguarding the health of the population.20. Further research is essential for improving our understanding of this disease and developing more effective treatments.Ongoing research is vital for gaining a better understanding of this disease and finding new ways to manage it.中文回答。
2023年考博英语真题及答案
2023考博英语真题及答案PART 1 TRANSLATION (Chinese to English )1.为了减缓交通，提高空气质量，北京公布了新的交通规章。
To relieve the traffic and improve the air quality, new traffic regulations have been issued in Beijing.考点一：减缓交通(relieve the traffic)考点二：公布(issue)2.有牢靠的证据说明，日光暴晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
(evidence) There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sunlight and skin cancer.考点一：日光曝晒(exposure to sunlight)考点二：“皮肤癌”一词的翻译3.虽然他深知吸烟有害安康，但他对我们要他戒烟的忠告却置若罔闻。
(aware)Tough he is aware that smoking is harmful to health, he is always turning a deaf ear to our advice that he give up smoking.考点一：be aware of 的用法考点二：be harmful to 的用法考点三：对置若罔闻(turn a deaf ear to)4.科学家们不负众望，胜利放射了一枚人造卫星。
(live)The scientists successfully launched a man-made satellite, living up to peoples expectation.考点一：不负众望(live up to peoples expectation)考点二：放射卫星(launch a satellite)5.那场大雾直到11点钟才散去，延误了好几十个航班。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
考博英语翻译的10大经典句型
1. leave sb the choice of … or … 要么…,要么…
Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission. 敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠，我们要么顽强抵抗，要么屈膝投降。
The age of 30s leaves you the choice of marriage or remaining a bachelor. 年过三十，要么成婚，要么单身。
2. be the instrument of sth 引来某事物的人或事
The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them. 全国同胞都在关注我们，如果我们有幸能够拯救他们脱离强加于身的暴政/把他们从强加于身的暴政中解救出来，那将得到他们的祝福和赞颂。
他所建立的组织最终使他垮了台。
The organization he had built up eventually became the instrument of his downfall.
能够让你幸福，我愿意付出我的一切。
If I can be the instrument of your happiness, I will sacrifice all my belongings.
3. it was the memories of 追溯到…
Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations’ development.
追溯到1964年东京及1988年汉城举办的奥运会，可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。
4. on the premise/ground/prerequisite/proposition/hypothesis that 基于一个前提…
中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时，是基于一个前提，即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。
The Chinese proclaimed/declared to adopt/implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.
Advice to investors was based on the premise that interest rates would continue to fall. 对投资者的建议是以利率会继续下跌为根据的。
5. play A off against B 唆使A与B鹬蚌相争
Conversely, the power of global business is growing with companies’ ability to move to the most advantageous locations and play countries off against one another in bidding for attractive investment projects.
截然相反的是，全球性大公司迁往最有利的地方，唆使国与国之间为争取有吸引力的投资项目而鹬蚌相争，权力不断增长。
She played her two rivals off against each other and got her job herself. 她在她的两个竞争者之间挑拨离间，而自己得到了那个工作。
6. a matter of sth/doing sth 与……有关的情况或问题
Considering the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart. “Eventually, being ‘poor’ won’t be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.”
请思考一下同一个人现在及八年前说的话。
“说到底，‘贫穷’与其说是生活在贫穷的国家里，还不如说是技艺不精。
”
Dealing with these problems is all a matter of experience. 处理这些问题全凭经验。
7. This is the similar case with/when 这恰如；正如；也会
这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。
This is the similar case when the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to understand the score of Mozart’s musical pi eces.
除此以外，老百姓的服务性消费，如教育，信息，旅游等消费也会大量增长。
Besides, this is also the case with the citizen’s expenditure such as education, information, traveling.
8. be exemplified by 这一点也证明了…；这点反映在以下事实：…
This American desire to keep the children’s world separate from that of the adult is exemplified also by the practice of delaying transmission of the news to children when their parents have been killed in an accident. 如果父母在事故中丧生，人们总是晚些时候才告诉孩子们，这一点也证实了美国人想把儿童的世界和成人的世界隔离开的愿望。
美国人想把儿童和成人的世界划清界限，这一愿望还反映在以下事实：如果父母在事故中丧生，人们总是设法晚点将消息告诉他们的子女。
The manual worker is usually quite at ease in any company. This is partly explained by the fact that people of all income groups go together to the same schools.
体力劳动者在任何场合通常都相当自在。
收入档次不同的人上同一所学校，这个事实多少说明了这一点。
9. constitute… （不用于进行式）是；认为
历史雄辩地说明，中美之间建立在平等互利基础上的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。
History has proved eloquently that the division of labor based on equality and mutual benefit between China and USA constitutes the most reasonable and practical international relationship.
My decision does not constitute a precedent. 我的决定不应视为先例。
The defeat constitutes a major set-back for our diplomacy. 这一失败是我们外交上的一次较大的挫折。
10. witness… 见证…
a time or event witnesses sth/s
b in a particular situation or doing a particular thing.
经过二十多年的快速发展，中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础，社会保持稳定，市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善，为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。
The rapid development in the past 20-plus years witnesses a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology in the western region of China 在下一轮的会谈中，我们将宣布中东地区永久停火协议，对此我抱有乐观态度并充满希望。
I am optimistic and hopeful that the next round of talk will witness a permanent cease-fire in the Middle East.。