初中英语被动语态(精讲+精练)
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被动语态
二、变被动句步骤
1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语
2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
主动语态变为被动语态例句：
一般现在时：主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us.
一般过去时：主：He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him.
一般将来时：主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone. 现在进行时：主：Mary is making a doll. 被：A doll is being made by Mary.
过去进行时：主：They were carrying the hurt player. 被：The hurt player was being carried by them .
现在完成时：主：He has received the letter. 被：The letter has been received by him.
过去完成时：主：They had built ten bridges. 被：Ten bridges had been built by them.
三、一般用法
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are +及物动词的过去分词
Our classroom is cleaned everyday.
I am asked to study hard by my mother.
Knives are used for cutting things.
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词
The new shop was built last year.
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago.
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been +及物动词的过去分词
This book has been translated into many languages.
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city.
Many more trees will be planted next year.
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
Young trees must be watered often.
Your mistakes should be corrected right now.
The door may be locked inside.
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being +及物动词的过去分词
Uncl e Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now.
They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them.
7.不定式的被动语态：to + be + 及物动词的过去分词
There are two books to be read. →
There are twenty more trees to be planted.
四、特殊用法
1.不及物动词无被动语态。如：happen, break down, come out......
What will happen in 100 years.
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。如： write, sell, ride.....
This pen writes well.
This new book sells well.
3.感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带“to”，但变为被动语态时，须加上“to”。
例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.