20172材料科学基础英文版(4)
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• Stress-induced non-equilibrium grain boundary
segregation – Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
• Conclusions
2019/4/3
Outline (1)
– Relationship between phosphorus boundary concentration and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2019/4/3
Results and discussion (1)
1000 500 0 -500 -1000 1000 520 C, 800h
o
480 C, 3500h
o
dN(E)/dE
0 -1000
o
1000 0 -1000 -2000 -3000 P
560 C, 500h C Mo Cr O Cr Fe 200 400 600 800
Ageing time
2019/4/3
Outline
• Equilibrium grain boundary segregation
– Segregation of phosphorus and molybdenum
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
Kinetic energy (eV)
2019/4/3
Typical AES spectra
Results and discussion (2)
Boundary concentration (at.%)
30 25 20 15 10 5 0 500 800 1200 3500 Mo Mo Mo Mo P
P-Mo interaction Weak or strong?
2019/4/3
Experiment (1)
Raw material
Vacuum induction Hot rolling Cutting Plate Normalization Austenization Temper Block 2
G G 1 7 k J / m o l M o M o
PMo 0
(Seah, 1977)
2019/4/3
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (2)
Segregation kinetics
C t C 0 4 D t 4 D t 1e x p e r f c 22 22 C C 0 d d e q 2 2
480oC
P
P
P
Solute boundary concentration
Thermal equilibrium concentration
Ageing time (h)
Ageing time
2019/4/3
Results and discussion (3)
Boundary concentration (at.%)
Applied stress
2.25Cr1Mo steel
2019/4/3
Outline (1)
• Equilibrium grain boundary segregation
– Segregation of phosphorus and molybdenum
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
– Effect of phosphorus grain boundary segregation on intergranular fracture
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
Preface (3)
GS EGS
Thermally induced NEGS Stress induced NEGS
2019/4/3
……
NEGS NEGS induced by high temperature deformation
Irradiation induced NEGS
Preface (4)
Boundary concentration (at.%)
25 20 15 10 5 0 300 500 800 Mo Mo Mo
520oC
P
20 16 12 8 4 0
P
P
P
560oC
P
P
Mo
Mo
Mo
100
300
500
Ageing time (h)
Ageing time (h)
2019/4/3
Results and discussion (4)
Boundary concentration (at.%)
Segregation energy (kJ/mol)
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
40
P P P
P
P
P
30
20
Mo
Mo
Mo
Mo
Mo
Mo
10
480
520
o
560
0
480
520
o
560
Ageing temperature ( C)
Ageing temperature ( C)
Ingot
Block 1
Sample processing and pretreatment
2019/4/3
Experiment (2)
Pretreated samples AES Hardness test Aging at different temperatures for different times and quenching Impact test
2 C e q C g
erfc(x) = 1 – erf(x)
(McLean, 1957)
2019/4/3
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (3)
Solute boundary concentration
Thermal equilibrium concentration
– Relationship between phosphorus boundary concentration and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2019/4/3
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (1)
Segregation thermodynamics
C g e x p GR T 1 C 1 C e q g C e q
(McLean, 1957)
e q g C C i i g g e x p G T ,i IM , i R e q e q 1 CC 1 CC I M I J
(Austenization) (Normalization) 980℃×30min 920℃×50min Temperature (Termper)
650℃×2h (Ageing) 560℃ 520℃
480℃ (Aging under different stresses for different time) 520℃
2.25Cr1Mo钢中磷的平衡及应力引 起的非平衡晶界偏聚 EquilibriumandStress-inducedNonEquilibriumGrainBoundarySegregationsofP hosphorusina2.25Cr1MoSteel
SongShenhua
2019/4/3
Preface (1)
0 e q g G G CC I I I M M M
(Guttmann, 1975)
0 e q g G G C C M M I MI I
e q g C C i i ge x p G T , i IM , i R e q 1 C 1 C i i
– Effect of phosphorus grain boundary segregation on intergranular fracture
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2019/4/3
Introduction
Boundary concentration
Hardness
SEM
DBTT Fraction of Intergranular fracture
Machining
Metallographic analysis
Grain zize
Experimental procedure
2019/4/3
Experiment (3)
Grain boundary segregation (GS)
2019/4/3
Preface (2)
Effects of grain boundary segregation on the properties of materials
Mechanical, corrosion, electrical, and magnetic properties e.g., in structural materials, such as steel and Ni alloys Segregation of detrimental elements such as S, P, Sn, and Sb – decreasing the grain boundary cohesion – grain boundary weakening Segregation of beneficial elements such as B, C and Be – increasing the grain boundary cohesion – grain boundary strenthening
来自百度文库
Equilibrium boundary concentrations at different temperatures
2019/4/3
Segregation energies at different temperatures
Results and discussion (5)
G G 3 8 k J / m o l P P
Time
2019/4/3
Heat treatment procedure
Experiment (4)
Auger electron spectrometer
2019/4/3
Auger specimen
Experiment (5)
AES scanning position
Fracture surface of AES specimen
– Effect of phosphorus grain boundary segregation on intergranular fracture
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2019/4/3
Outline (2)
• Equilibrium grain boundary segregation
– Segregation of phosphorus and molybdenum
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
– Relationship between phosphorus boundary concentration and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
segregation – Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
• Conclusions
2019/4/3
Outline (1)
– Relationship between phosphorus boundary concentration and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2019/4/3
Results and discussion (1)
1000 500 0 -500 -1000 1000 520 C, 800h
o
480 C, 3500h
o
dN(E)/dE
0 -1000
o
1000 0 -1000 -2000 -3000 P
560 C, 500h C Mo Cr O Cr Fe 200 400 600 800
Ageing time
2019/4/3
Outline
• Equilibrium grain boundary segregation
– Segregation of phosphorus and molybdenum
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
Kinetic energy (eV)
2019/4/3
Typical AES spectra
Results and discussion (2)
Boundary concentration (at.%)
30 25 20 15 10 5 0 500 800 1200 3500 Mo Mo Mo Mo P
P-Mo interaction Weak or strong?
2019/4/3
Experiment (1)
Raw material
Vacuum induction Hot rolling Cutting Plate Normalization Austenization Temper Block 2
G G 1 7 k J / m o l M o M o
PMo 0
(Seah, 1977)
2019/4/3
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (2)
Segregation kinetics
C t C 0 4 D t 4 D t 1e x p e r f c 22 22 C C 0 d d e q 2 2
480oC
P
P
P
Solute boundary concentration
Thermal equilibrium concentration
Ageing time (h)
Ageing time
2019/4/3
Results and discussion (3)
Boundary concentration (at.%)
Applied stress
2.25Cr1Mo steel
2019/4/3
Outline (1)
• Equilibrium grain boundary segregation
– Segregation of phosphorus and molybdenum
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
– Effect of phosphorus grain boundary segregation on intergranular fracture
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
Preface (3)
GS EGS
Thermally induced NEGS Stress induced NEGS
2019/4/3
……
NEGS NEGS induced by high temperature deformation
Irradiation induced NEGS
Preface (4)
Boundary concentration (at.%)
25 20 15 10 5 0 300 500 800 Mo Mo Mo
520oC
P
20 16 12 8 4 0
P
P
P
560oC
P
P
Mo
Mo
Mo
100
300
500
Ageing time (h)
Ageing time (h)
2019/4/3
Results and discussion (4)
Boundary concentration (at.%)
Segregation energy (kJ/mol)
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
40
P P P
P
P
P
30
20
Mo
Mo
Mo
Mo
Mo
Mo
10
480
520
o
560
0
480
520
o
560
Ageing temperature ( C)
Ageing temperature ( C)
Ingot
Block 1
Sample processing and pretreatment
2019/4/3
Experiment (2)
Pretreated samples AES Hardness test Aging at different temperatures for different times and quenching Impact test
2 C e q C g
erfc(x) = 1 – erf(x)
(McLean, 1957)
2019/4/3
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (3)
Solute boundary concentration
Thermal equilibrium concentration
– Relationship between phosphorus boundary concentration and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2019/4/3
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (1)
Segregation thermodynamics
C g e x p GR T 1 C 1 C e q g C e q
(McLean, 1957)
e q g C C i i g g e x p G T ,i IM , i R e q e q 1 CC 1 CC I M I J
(Austenization) (Normalization) 980℃×30min 920℃×50min Temperature (Termper)
650℃×2h (Ageing) 560℃ 520℃
480℃ (Aging under different stresses for different time) 520℃
2.25Cr1Mo钢中磷的平衡及应力引 起的非平衡晶界偏聚 EquilibriumandStress-inducedNonEquilibriumGrainBoundarySegregationsofP hosphorusina2.25Cr1MoSteel
SongShenhua
2019/4/3
Preface (1)
0 e q g G G CC I I I M M M
(Guttmann, 1975)
0 e q g G G C C M M I MI I
e q g C C i i ge x p G T , i IM , i R e q 1 C 1 C i i
– Effect of phosphorus grain boundary segregation on intergranular fracture
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2019/4/3
Introduction
Boundary concentration
Hardness
SEM
DBTT Fraction of Intergranular fracture
Machining
Metallographic analysis
Grain zize
Experimental procedure
2019/4/3
Experiment (3)
Grain boundary segregation (GS)
2019/4/3
Preface (2)
Effects of grain boundary segregation on the properties of materials
Mechanical, corrosion, electrical, and magnetic properties e.g., in structural materials, such as steel and Ni alloys Segregation of detrimental elements such as S, P, Sn, and Sb – decreasing the grain boundary cohesion – grain boundary weakening Segregation of beneficial elements such as B, C and Be – increasing the grain boundary cohesion – grain boundary strenthening
来自百度文库
Equilibrium boundary concentrations at different temperatures
2019/4/3
Segregation energies at different temperatures
Results and discussion (5)
G G 3 8 k J / m o l P P
Time
2019/4/3
Heat treatment procedure
Experiment (4)
Auger electron spectrometer
2019/4/3
Auger specimen
Experiment (5)
AES scanning position
Fracture surface of AES specimen
– Effect of phosphorus grain boundary segregation on intergranular fracture
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2019/4/3
Outline (2)
• Equilibrium grain boundary segregation
– Segregation of phosphorus and molybdenum
• Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
– Relationship between phosphorus boundary concentration and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)