高中英语语法(2)-被动语态

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高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的构成和用法总结被动语态是英语语法中的一种语态形式,用来表示动作的承受者与执行者的关系。

在被动语态中,句子的主语是动作的承受者,而动作的执行者通常被省略或放在介词“by”后。

在本篇文章中,我们将对高中英语中被动语态的构成和用法进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常有以下几个要素:主语 + be动词 + 过去分词。

1. 主语(Subject):被动语态的主语是动作的承受者,通常是句子中的宾语。

2. be动词(Auxiliary verb):be动词根据句子的时态、人称和数进行变化,代表不同的情况,包括am/is/are(was/were)。

3. 过去分词(Past participle):过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常表示动作的完成或被动。

下面是一些例子,展示了被动语态在不同时态和人称中的构成形式:时态 | 构成形式-----------------一般现在时 | am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时 | was/were + 过去分词一般将来时 | will be + 过去分词现在进行时 | am/is/are + being + 过去分词过去进行时 | was/were + being + 过去分词现在完成时 | have/has been + 过去分词过去完成时 | had been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中有着广泛的应用。

以下是几种常见的使用情况:1. 强调动作的承受者:被动语态可以突出句子中动作的承受者,使其成为句子的主要焦点。

例如:- The house was destroyed by the earthquake.(房子被地震摧毁了。

) - The book was written by a famous author.(这本书是由一位著名作家写的。

)2. 描述客观事实:当注重描述客观事实时,被动语态可以更加准确地传达信息。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。

在使用被动语态时,主语是承受者,而动作的执行者则成为谓语的一部分。

这一语法结构在表达特定情况和强调动作承受者时非常有用。

本文将对高中英语中常见的被动语态知识点进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”(is, am, are, was, were, been)和动词的过去分词构成。

动词的过去分词可根据动词的不同形态进行变化,常见的变化规则包括加“-ed”、改变拼写或使用不规则变化。

二、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍情况或客观事实:Inventions are made every day.2. 强调动作承受者:The cake was eaten by the children.3. 避免指责或强调行为:Mistakes were made, and lessons were learned.4. 表示不明或未指定的主语:Money was stolen from the bank.三、被动语态的时态被动语态根据需要使用不同的时态。

下面是常见的被动语态时态使用示例:1. 现在时态:The car is washed by my brother every week.2. 过去时态:The letter was sent yesterday.3. 将来时态:The contract will be signed next week.4. 现在进行时态:The house is being built by a group of workers.5. 现在完成时态:The book has been read by many people.四、被动语态与不定式、情态动词的使用1. 被动语态与不定式:The house needs to be repaired.2. 被动语态与情态动词:The project should be completed by tomorrow.五、被动语态的特殊情况1. 特殊疑问句:Where was the bag found?2. 感叹句:How beautifully the song was sung by the singer!3. 含有两个宾语的句子:We were given a gift by our friends.六、被动语态中的常见错误1. 错误的主语:The book is written by Shakespeare.(改为“The book was written by Shakespeare.”)2. 错误的时态:The photos were taken by me last weekend.(改为“The photos have been taken by me.”)通过对高中英语被动语态知识点的归纳总结,我们可以更好地理解和应用被动语态。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法被动语态是英语语法中常用的一个句子结构,被动语态的构成和用法对于学习英语的学生来说非常重要。

本文将就高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法进行详细解析,帮助学生更好地掌握这个语法结构。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成由两部分组成:be动词的各种时态形式和过去分词。

根据主句的时态和语态,be动词的形式会相应发生变化。

1. 现在时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词2. 过去时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + was/were + 过去分词3. 将来时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + 动词(to be) + going to + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + will be + 过去分词4. 现在完成时态的被动语态构成方式:主动语态:主语 + have/has + 过去分词被动语态:主语 + have/has been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态主要用来强调动作的承受者,或表达客观事实,又或者在不知道或想隐瞒动作执行者时使用。

下面将介绍被动语态的常见用法:1. 及物动词的被动语态:及物动词是指需要宾语才能完整表达意思的动词,常见的及物动词有:write, read, eat, drink等。

在被动语态中,及物动词的宾语变成主语,而原来的主语则成为介词"by"引导的短语。

例句:Active: John wrote a letter.(约翰写了一封信。

)Passive: A letter was written by John.(一封信被约翰写了。

)2. 不及物动词的被动语态:不及物动词是指没有宾语的动词,如:arrive, come, go等。

这类动词在被动语态中的主语仍然是动作的承受者,同样需要使用be动词的相应时态形式和过去分词构成。

高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)

高中英语被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)
1.如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者,该句一般为被动语态,否则为系表结构。
例The glass is broken.(系表结构)
The glass was broken by the boy.(被动语态)
2.如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时,一般为被动语态。
7.“outof+名词”结构;表示“超出⋯⋯之外“,常见的有:out of control (控制不了),out of sight(超
出视线之外),out of one’s reach够(不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
例The plane was out of control (can’t be controlled.)。
据建议。
例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.(=The boy is said to have passed the
national exam.)
四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
1.英语中有很多动词如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它
10)should/would have been done过去将来完成时(少用)
2.被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+be+过去分词。
例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.
2)有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然
6.在therebe⋯句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及常见情况

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及常见情况

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及常见情况高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的用法及常见情况被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要形式,它在句子中的作用是强调动作的接受者或者暗示动作的发出者。

被动语态的结构由“be”动词的不同形式加上及物动词的过去分词构成。

本文将归纳总结高中英语中被动语态的用法及常见情况,旨在帮助学生掌握被动语态的正确使用。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成主要由以下三个要素组成:1. 助动词:be动词的各种形式(am, is, are, was, were, been);2. 主语:表示动作的承受者;3. 过去分词:动词的过去分词形式。

例如,下面是被动语态的几个例子:1. The cake was eaten by Peter.(蛋糕被彼得吃了)2. The letter is being written by Mary.(信件正在被玛丽写)3. The car has been repaired by the mechanic.(汽车已被机修工修好)二、被动语态的使用情况被动语态在实际应用中有多种使用情况,下面将对其中常见的几个情况进行详细归纳。

1. 表示无生命的主动词没有被执行者当动作的执行者无需指明时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:The window was broken.(窗户被打破了)The money was stolen.(钱被偷了)The book is written in English.(这本书是用英语写的)2. 表示强调动作承受者被动语态可以用来强调动作的接受者,使其成为句子的焦点。

例如:The cake was eaten by Peter.(蛋糕被彼得吃了)The letter was read by everyone.(信件被每个人都读了)3. 表示善意或委婉的表达被动语态可用于委婉表达,避免直接指责或责备别人。

例如:Mistakes were made.(有错误发生了)Machines are being used to replace human labor.(机器正在被使用来替代人力劳动)4. 某些固定句型中的被动语态被动语态在某些固定句型中的应用较为常见,例如:It is said that...(据说...)It is believed that...(人们相信...)It is known that...(众所周知...)三、被动语态的时态与语态转换被动语态的时态同主动语态一样,可根据具体情况来确定。

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态

高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态动词的被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构,在高中英语学习中占据重要的位置。

掌握被动语态的使用方法和相关知识点,对于正确理解和运用英语语法是非常关键的。

本文将对高中英语中动词的被动语态进行归纳总结,帮助学生更好地掌握和运用这一语法结构。

I. 被动语态的基本形式被动语态由"be"动词的不同时态形式加上动词的过去分词构成。

其中,被动语态的时态与主动语态保持一致,只是谓语动词的形式发生了变化。

例如:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词(例句:The book is read by Tom. 这本书被汤姆读了。

)2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词(例句:The letter was written by John. 这封信是约翰写的。

)3. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词(例句:The cake will be eaten by the children. 蛋糕将会被孩子们吃掉。

)除了基本形式外,被动语态还可以与情态动词连用,形成不同时态的情态被动语态。

例如:1. 情态动词can的被动语态:can be + 过去分词(例句:The problem can be solved by the teacher. 这个问题可以被老师解决。

)2. 情态动词should的被动语态:should be + 过去分词(例句:The car should be repaired by a professional mechanic. 这辆车应该由专业的机械师修理。

)II. 被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:(例句:The vase was broken. 这个花瓶被打破了。

)2. 当动作的承受者比执行者更重要或更值得强调时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:(例句:The cake was made by my grandmother.这个蛋糕是我奶奶做的。

高中英语语法---被动语态

高中英语语法---被动语态

高中英语语法---被动语态语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,如:People grew rice in this area some years ago.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者,如:A new swimming pool will be built on our school.一.被动语态的构成被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。

助动词be随着主语的人称,数,时态和语气的不同而变化。

各种时态的被动语态形式如下:1.一般现在时am/is/are+V(p.p)人们利用电能运转机器。

People use electricity to run machines. Electricity is used to run machines.Is electricity used to run machines? Yes, it is . / No, it isn't.2.一般过去时was/were + V(p.p)昨天我们在山坡上种了许多树。

We planted many trees on the hill yesterday.Many trees were planted on the hill yesterday.Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday? Yes, they were. / No, they were not. 3.一般将来时will/shall +be+V(p.p)下星期我们将举行一场运动会。

We will hold a sports meeting next week.A sports meeting will be held next week.Will a sports meeting be held next week? Yes, it will. / No, it won't.4.过去将来时should/would +be+V(p.p)他告诉我们人们将在他家乡建一个大水坝。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的形成与用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的形成与用法

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的形成与用法高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的形成与用法被动语态在英语中是非常常见的语法结构之一。

它的形成方法简单,但用法却需要一定的理解和掌握。

本文将对高中英语中被动语态的形成和用法进行归纳总结。

一、被动语态的形成被动语态由主动语态的变化而来。

在英语中,主动语态的句子一般由主语+谓语动词+宾语的结构构成,而被动语态则是将主语变为句子的宾语,谓语动词前加上 be 动词的适当形式和 by 引导的介词短语。

被动语态的基本结构为:be + 过去分词。

举例说明:1. 主动语态:They build houses.被动语态:Houses are built by them.2. 主动语态:She is writing a letter.被动语态:A letter is being written by her.3. 主动语态:He will plant trees.被动语态:Trees will be planted by him.二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中常用于以下情况:1. 强调动作的承受者或受影响的对象。

主动语态:He ate all the cake.被动语态:All the cake was eaten by him.主动语态:They have cleaned the room.被动语态:The room has been cleaned by them. 2. 描述客观事实或普遍真理。

主动语态:People speak English all over the world.被动语态:English is spoken all over the world.主动语态:They grow rice in this area.被动语态:Rice is grown in this area.3. 阐述不知道或不需要提及动作的执行者。

主动语态:Somebody has stolen my bike.被动语态:My bike has been stolen.主动语态:They are selling tickets at the counter.被动语态:Tickets are being sold at the counter. 4. 在官方场合或正式文体中使用。

高中英语语法 被动语态

高中英语语法  被动语态

高中英语语法被动语态一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。

英语的语态共有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,一般说来,只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。

汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。

如:He opened the door. 他打开了这扇门。

(主动语态)The door was opened. 这扇门被打开了。

(被动语态)二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式,过去分词部分不变。

疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种,现以动词clean为例列表说明:2、被动语态的句式变化:以一般现在时和动词invite为例,列表说明被动语态的句式变化:3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,“be+过去分词”部分不变。

如:Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。

(一般过去时)Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)三、被动语态的用法:1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。

如:The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。

He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。

2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。

此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后,不需要时可以省略。

如:The room hasn't been cleaned yet. 房间还没有打扫。

The tiger was killed by him. 老虎被他杀死了。

高中英语语法——被动语态

高中英语语法——被动语态

高中英语语法——被动语态一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,如果有必要强调动作的执行者,动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。

助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

A. 十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态:do被动语态:amisare doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。

The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。

Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。

Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。

Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2.一般过去时主动语态:did被动语态:waswere doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。

The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。

Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗?How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?3.一般将来时主动语态:willshall do被动语态:willshall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。

The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。

The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。

高中英语语法复习课件_被动语态

高中英语语法复习课件_被动语态

但是别的时候要看具体情况而定: This book sells well. So far, 200 books have been sold out.
The sentence was read clearly by her.
2.非谓语动词主动表被动的情况:
(1)不定式to blame, to let用做表语时,通常用 主动表被动。 Who is to blame?(该怪谁呢?) The house is to let. (此屋出租。) (2)在“be +形容词+to do”结构中的不定式通 常…… The question is difficult to answer. Do you think the water is safe to drink?
The Passive Voice 被动语态
了解被动语态
1.英语中有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态
被动语态构成:be+P.P
2、形式: 1) 一般现在时:am/is/are+P.P 2) 一般过去时:was/were+P.P 3) 情态动词+be+P.P 4) 一般将来时:will +be +p.p 5) 现在完成时:have/has+been+P.P
(3) 不定式用于某些动词的(have, have got, get, want, need)宾语后做定语时:
I have some letters to write. I want something to drink. 但是注意: I have something to type.(我自己打) I have something to be typed. (请别人打) 所以: 当不定式的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致时就用主动 表被动,若不一致,则需用被动表被动。 I have a letter to post. (自己寄) I have a letter to be posted. (请别人寄)

高中英语语法被动语态(共29张PPT)

高中英语语法被动语态(共29张PPT)
2.They take good care of the baby.
The baby is taken good care of by them.
注意:含动词词组的被动语态,须
将其看作一个整体,不可把它们分 隔开来。
• 三注意:
• 1.看时间状语确定时态. • 2.看主语确定be, have 的正确形式. • 3.记准动词的过去分词.

宾(受动者)
Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.
1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
一般现在时:S(主语)+am/is /are +过去分 词
5)Exercises: 一.选择填空: 1. Windows__C___ of glass. A.be made B. is made C. are made D. been
made 2. The house__C___ in 2004. A.is built B. is building C. was built D. used 3. A coat can___A__ for keeping warm. A.be used B. is used C. been used D. used
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
一般将来时:S+will\shall +be +P.P.
Be going to +be +P.P.
4.Amy can take good care of Gina .

高中英语被动语态知识点总结

高中英语被动语态知识点总结

高中英语被动语态知识点总结高中英语被动语态知识点总结在英语中,被动语态是一个非常重要的语法结构,它表示主语正在承受动作或行为。

对于高中英语学生来说,被动语态是一个非常重要的部分。

本文将总结一些涉及被动语态的基本概念和规则,让读者更好地理解和掌握这一重要的语法结构。

1. 被动语态的基本结构在被动语态中,动词的第三人称单数形式加上am,is或者are来表示时间,然后加上过去分词,就构成了被动语态:单数:am/is/are + 过去分词复数:are + 过去分词例如:主动语态:Tom writes a letter.(汤姆写了一封信。

)被动语态:A letter is written by Tom.(一封信被汤姆写了。

)主动语态:They are repairing the road.(他们正在修路。

)被动语态:The road is being repaired by them.(路正在由他们修理。

)2. 被动语态的使用被动语态的使用有以下几个方面:2.1. 不知道或不必要提及执行动作的人或事物。

例如:The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.(蒙娜丽莎是由列奥纳多·达·芬奇绘制的。

)2.2. 强调对动作受到的影响或结果的重要性。

例如:The museum was destroyed in the fire.(博物馆在火灾中被摧毁了。

)2.3. 避免重复提到执行动作的人或事物。

例如:The book was stolen from the library.(这本书是从图书馆被偷的。

)2.4. 对执行动作的人或事物进行保密。

例如:The experiment will be carried out next month.(这项实验将于下个月进行。

)2.5. 在学术或科技文章中使用被动语态,以使文章听起来更专业。

例如:The theory was proven by the experiment.(该理论已经被实验证明了。

高中英语语法——被动语态(30张PPT)

高中英语语法——被动语态(30张PPT)

主语
谓语 宾语
二、被动语态的一般结构:
动词的被动语态由“助动词be+及物动 词的过去分词”构成。当主动句变为被 动句时,原来的宾语变成了主语,原来 的主语变成了介词by 的宾语。主动句与 被动句的结构虽然不同,但动作的执行 者和承受者的关系并没有改变。
即:be+ done (+ by)
结构: be+ done (+ by)
1. Liu Xiang has ever broken the world record. The world record has ever been broken by Liu Xiang.
2. The floor has been cleaned by my mother.
My mother has cleaned the floor.
The old library is going to be pulled down soon.
E.g.:他的新书下个月就要出版了。
His new book is going to be published next month.
2 be to do sth. be to be done
E.g.:这个任务要在10分钟之内完成。
The wall is about to be painted by the worker.
Obama has become
the first AfricanAmerican president in the United States of America.
The Present Perfect Tense Sentence structure:
subject + have/has +been+ done

高中英语语法 —— 被动语态

高中英语语法 —— 被动语态

高中英语语法——被动语态1、概述:英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

2、基本用法例句:Mary is loved by all her family.Is your child well taken care of by your parents?Many houses were destroyed in the earthquake.When will the work be finished?The work must be finished by tomorrow.Ought the plan to be put into practice as soon as possible?Who will be sent to the west this year?This car accident is being looked into.All the work has been finished by now.All the photos will have been developed by tomorrow.I was deeply impressed by the boy’s good behaviors.We are all surprised at your arrival.3、被动语态要注意的几个问题1). 把主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。

We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought.A new computer have been bought. (wrong)2). 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时,可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动,一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。

高中英语语法

高中英语语法

高中英语语法(一)被动语态动词的语态主要分为两种:主动语态与被动语态主动语态指主语是谓语功作的执行者,则为主动关系。

被动语态指主语是谓语动作的承受者,则为被功关系。

I have done the job.(主动句)The job has been done.(被动句)1.被动语态根据时态的不同,可分为以下几种类型:一般现在时:am/is/are+done;一般过去时:was/were+done现在进行时:am/is/are+being done过去进行时:was/were+being done将来时:will/would+be done,be going to be done, be to be done现在完成时:have/has +been done过去完成时:had+been done将来完成时:will+have been done2被动语态门主功语态一样具有不同时态,其时态的变化取决于时间状语,其时态的变化形式由其助动词be的事态变化形式来体现The house is being painted now.(现在进行时被动语态)Eru0ugh has been said to him about it.(现在完成时被动语态)The furniture was bought last week..(过去时被动语态)Youll be punished one day.(将来时被动语态)3.被动语态的意义(1)不知道或没必要指出行为、动作的执行者(无须加buy 短语)Colour TV sets are sold in that shop.Football is plated all over the world.(2)突出和强调行为或动作的承受着。

History is made by the people.The wounded soldiers have been saved by those people.(3)有时主语较长,可后置。

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和应用

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和应用

高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和应用被动语态是英语中一个重要的语法结构,对于高中英语学习而言也是必不可少的一部分。

在本文中,我们将归纳被动语态的构成和应用,希望能帮助大家更好地理解和运用被动语态。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成一般由be动词的各种时态形式加上过去分词构成。

主动语态中的主语变为被动语态中的表语,而原来的宾语则成为被动语态中的主语。

例如:主动语态:They built a new hospital.被动语态:A new hospital was built by them.主动语态:He is cleaning the room.被动语态:The room is being cleaned by him.主动语态:She has written a novel.被动语态:A novel has been written by her.二、被动语态的应用1. 当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁或者不重要时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:The cake was eaten.(蛋糕被吃了。

)2. 当我们想强调动作的承受者时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:The letter was written by my sister.(这封信是我妹妹写的。

)3. 当我们描述一系列类似的动作和事件时,为了避免重复使用主语,可以使用被动语态。

例如:The books were taken from the library, the shelves were cleaned, and the floors were mopped.(图书馆的书被拿走了,货架被清洁了,地板被拖了。

)4. 当我们描述自然现象或普遍事实时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:The sun is worshipped by many cultures.(太阳被许多文化崇拜。

)5. 当我们在科学、新闻或学术写作中描述研究方法、实验结果或观察时,可以使用被动语态。

高中英语被动语态

高中英语被动语态

高中英语被动语态在高中英语的学习中,被动语态是一个非常重要的语法点。

它不仅在阅读理解和写作中经常出现,也是我们准确表达意思的重要工具。

被动语态的基本构成是“be +过去分词”。

这里的“be”会根据时态的不同而发生变化,比如一般现在时是“am/is/are +过去分词”,一般过去时是“was/were +过去分词”,现在完成时是“have/has been +过去分词”等等。

我们先来说说一般现在时的被动语态。

比如说,“The book is readby many people”(这本书被很多人读。

)在这个句子中,“read”是“read”的过去分词形式,“is read”就构成了一般现在时的被动语态,表示这本书是被读的这个状态。

再看一般过去时的被动语态,像“The house was built last year”(这座房子是去年建的。

)“was built”清晰地表明了房子在过去被建造的事实。

现在完成时的被动语态也很常见,比如“Many trees have been planted in this area”(这个地区已经种了很多树。

)“have been planted”强调了从过去到现在的动作及影响。

被动语态的使用常常是因为我们更关注动作的承受者,或者不知道动作的执行者是谁。

比如说,“The window was broken last night”(窗户昨晚被打破了。

)这里我们可能不知道是谁打破了窗户,重点是窗户被打破这个情况。

在考试中,被动语态的相关题目经常出现。

比如选择题,会让我们判断一个句子应该用主动语态还是被动语态,或者是给定一个主动语态的句子,要求我们改成被动语态。

做这类题目的时候,我们首先要确定句子的时态,然后根据相应时态的被动语态构成来进行转换。

写作中,如果我们想要强调某个事物是被如何处理或者受到了什么影响,被动语态就能够派上用场。

比如,“The problem has been solved successfully”(这个问题已经被成功解决了。

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第二章被动语态(一)语态也是动词的一种形式,表示主语与谓语之间的关系。

英语有两种语态:主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。

主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。

一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成,如果有必要强调动作的执行者,动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。

助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。

A. 十种常见时态的被动语态1. 一般现在时主动语态:do被动语态:amisare doneWe clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。

The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。

Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。

Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。

Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗2. 一般过去时主动语态:did被动语态:waswere doneWe cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。

The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。

Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗?How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱?3. 一般将来时主动语态:willshall do被动语态:willshall be doneWe will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。

The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。

The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。

Will the school sports meeting be held next week?校运动会将在下星期举行吗?When shall we be given a lecture on the Internet 什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座?4. 一般过去将来时主动语态:would do被动语态:would be doneWe told him that we would clean the classroom soon. 我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。

We told him that the classroom would be cleaned soon. 我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。

He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the city. 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。

She asked whether their plan would be considered with great care. 她问他们的计划会不会得到仔细的考虑。

I wasn't told that I should be invited to the party. 没人告诉我要被邀请出席晚会。

5. 现在进行时主动语态:amisare doing被动语态:amisare being doneWe are cleaning the classroom now. 我们现在正在打扫教室。

The classroom is being cleaned now. 教室现在正在被打扫。

A hospital is being built in the centre of the town. 镇中心正在兴建一家医院。

Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse 这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗?How is the new teaching method being tried there 那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的?6. 过去进行时主动语态:waswere doing被动语态:waswere being doneWe were cleaning the classroom this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候我们在打扫教室。

The classroom was being cleaned this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候教室正在被打扫The teaching plan was being discussed at that time. 那时正在讨论教学计划。

Was the TV set being fixed this time yesterday 昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗?The house was being painted when we arrived at his home. 我们到他家时,他家房子正在粉刷。

7. 现在完成时主动语态:hashave done被动语态:hashave been doneThe classroom looks tidy. We have cleaned it. 教室看起来很整洁。

我们已经打扫了。

The classroom looks tidy. It has been cleaned. 教室看起来很整洁。

它已经被打扫了Many foreign films have been shown on TV since last month. 上个月以来,电视中播放了许多外国影片。

The radio has not been turned on yet. 收音机还没开。

Has a new training centre been set up in our town 我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗?8. 过去完成时主动语态:had done被动语态:had been doneThe classroom looked tidy. We had cleaned it. 教室看起来很整洁。

我们已经打扫过了。

The classroom looked tidy. It had been cleaned. 教室看起来很整洁。

它已经被打扫过了。

His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last month.上个月末,他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。

She told me that she had been dismissed by her boss. 她告诉我,她的老板已把她解雇了。

Her homework had not been finished when I got home. 我到家的时候,她的作业还没有完成。

9. 将来完成时主动语态:willshall have done被动语态:willshall have been doneWe will have cleaned the classroom by five o'clock. 我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。

The classroom will have been cleaned by five o'clock. 教室将在五点以前打扫完。

The new books will have been entered in the register before another parcel arrives. 这些新书在下一批书到来前将登记完毕。

How many expressways will have been completed by the end of next year 到明年年底将建成多少条高速公路?Before you return my work will have been done. 你回来前我的工作将会做完。

10. 过去将来完成时主动语态:would have done被动语态:would have been doneI said we would have cleaned the classroom by 500. 我说我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。

I said the classroom would have been cleaned by 500. 我说教室将在五点以前打扫完。

The headmaster said the article would have been translated by the end of next month. 校长说文章将在下月底翻译好。

The day was drawing near when the dam would have been completed. 大坝完工的日子不远了。

He told me that preparations would have been finished by 600. 他告诉我准备工作将在六点前完成。

B. “get+过去分词”结构被动语态除常用“be +过去分词”构成外,还可用“get+过去分词”结构。

这种结构多用在口语中,强调动作的结果。

The boy got hurt when he was riding to school. 那孩子骑车上学时受伤了。

Did your letter get answered 你收到回信了吗?注意:用“get+过去分词”结构时,其后的动作执行者(即by短语)一般不表示出来。

Finally his bike got repaired. 最后他的自行车得到了修理。

As I passed by, my skirt got caught on a nail. 我经过的时候,我的裙子被钉子挂住了。

C.“seemappear +过去分词”结构有时“seemappear +过去分词”也可以构成被动语态。

She seemed annoyed by his words. 她似乎被他的话搞得很恼火。

The house appears deserted. 这房子好像没人居住。

提示:并不是所有的“be+过去分词”结构中的be都能被get或seem, appear等词代替。

【误】She got born in a small village.【正】She was born in a small village. 她出生在一个小村庄。

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