现在分词.ppt

朗读下列词组或句子，判断划线部分做什么句子 成分？做该成分的是什么词？ 1) coming week 定语 2) The girl standing there is my sister. 定语 3) The news is shocking. 表语 4) Soon they could see the steam rising from the wet clothes. 宾语补足语 5) Working hard, you will succeed.
The news is shocking. The book is very interesting.
2. 现在分词作表语。 形容 表示主语的某种性质和特征，相当于_____ 词，通常修饰____ ___________” 。 物 ，译为“ 令人 ……的 常作表语的现在分词有: surprising, astonishing, amazing, shocking, interesting, amusing, entertaining, tiring, boring, disturbing, moving, touching, encouraging, inspiring, confusing, disappointing 等。
状语
a sleeping baby = A baby who is sleeping a dancing girl = A girl who is dancing 1 现在分词作定语： ①单个分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰的名 正在 进行， 词之____ 前 。表示现在分词的动作______ 分词和所修饰的名词是逻辑上的_____ 关系。 主动
The girl reading there is my sister. = The girl who is reading there is my sister. His brother, working as a doctor, lives in Beijing.
= His brother, who works as a doctor lives in Beijing.
１）现在分词作状语,表时间。 可以转化为一 个由when/ while等引导的时间状语从句。 • eg. Walking in the street, I saw him. = When/While I was walking in the street, I saw him. 当我在街上走时，我看到他了． • 当要表达正在进行的动作时 我们可以在分 词前面加上when／while，那么上面的例句 就可以改写为When/While walking in the street, I saw him.（其实有的时候也可以理 解为时间状语从句中的省略 但是，不是时 时成立的）
２）现在分词作状语，表原因。可以转化为 一个由as, because等引导的原因状语从句。 e.g. Being ill, she stayed at home. = As she was ill, she stayed at home. 3）现在分词作状语，表条件。可以转化为一 个由if/unless等引导的条件状语从句。 e.g. Working hard, you will succeed. = If you work hard, you will succeed.
2. 在语态上表示主动。 例如： the ruling class 统治阶级 the exploiting class 剥削阶级。 （试比较： the ruled class 被统治阶级， the exploited class 被剥削阶级）
三、现在分词的语法功能 1) coming week 2）running water 3) a sleeping child 4) flying fish 5) working people 6) a running boy= A boy who is running 7) The girl standing there is my sister.
现在分词（The Present Participle） 一. 现在分词构成:doing 二、现在分词的两个基本特点。 1. 在时间上表示动作正在进行。 例如： a developing country. 一个发展中的国 boiling water 沸水 the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳。 (试比较： a developed country 一个发达国家， boiled water 开水，the risen sun 升起的太 阳)
1. The people who are sitting beside us are all teachers. sitting beside us The people _______________________ are all teachers. 2. The wallet which is lying on the ground is mine. lying on the ground is mine. The wallet _________________ 3. Two days later I received a letter which offered me the job. Two days later I received a letter offering me the job _______________________.
４）现在分词作状语，表让步。可以转化为一 个由though/although引导的让步状语从句. e.g. Having failed many times, he didn't lose heart. =Though he had failed many times, he didn't lose heart. ５）现在分词作状语，表结果, 可以转化为一个 并列句 e.g. His friend died, leaving Tom a lot of money. = His friend died, and he left Tom a lot of money.
• 现在分词作定语，要注意现在分词所表示的 动作发生的时间。 一般说来，主要有下列两 种情况： • 1）表示正在进行的动作（变为定语从句时 要用进行时态）。例如： ① Did you see the girl dancing with your brother. • →Did you see the girl who is dancing with your brother. ② The comrades working in the countryside will
使役 动词(表示指使意义的 第二类动词：_____ 动词)，常见的有： have, keep, leave, …
记忆的方法：V + sb. doing sth.
e.g. have sb. doing sth. “使/让某人一直做某事”
Translation:
1.昨天，我在街上看到一个小女孩在哭。 crying in the I saw a little girl _______ street yesterday.
4) Can you smell anything burning? e.g. see sb. doing sth. 5) I felt the house shaking. “看见某人正在做某事”
1) The boss had the workers working the whole night. 2) You shouldn’t keep your lights burning in the day. 3) The stone was too heavy to move, so I left it lying on the ground.
６）现在分词作状语，表方式。 e.g. Please answer the question using another way. ７）现在分词作状语，表伴随。可以转化为一 个并列句 e.g. He sat there reading a newspaper. He sat there and he was reading a newspaper. • 注意：分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词， 要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系 用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分ing in his room.
主 谓 宾 逻辑主语 宾补
3. 现在分词作宾补。 宾语 是现在分词的逻辑主语。分词和逻 _____ 主动 关系，而且表示动作 辑主语之间是_____ 正在进行 ___________ 。它主要用于两类动词后。
第一类动词： _____ 动词(表示感觉和心理状 感官 1) I saw him crossing the street. 态的动词)，常见的有： catch;
②现在分词作定语时，一般可转换为定语 从句。
• The girl reading there is my sister. • His brother, working as a doctor, • lives in Beijing. ③分词短语作定语时，放在所修饰的名 词之____ 后 。所修饰的名词是现在分词的 ____主语，分词和逻辑主语之间是 逻辑 定语从句。 _____ 主动 关系。此时相当于一个_____
2.你千万别让他们等。 waiting You shouldn’t keep them _______.
4．现在分词作状语。 现在分词作状语时，可作时间、条件、结 果、原因和伴随状语，表示正在进行的或 主动的动作。 注意: 作时间、条件、原因、让步状语时一般 位于句首， 且与后面用逗号隔开，能转换 为一个相应的状语从句; 而作结果、方式、 伴随状语时一般位于句尾。 分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语（即分词动作 的发出者）一般要与句中的主语保持一 致．〔这个是重点,是考试和高考的常考点, 大家必须记住〕
2) The teacher caught him cheating