Inca civilization
初一英语古代文明单选题30题
初一英语古代文明单选题30题1.Which ancient civilization is known for building the Pyramids?A. The Roman CivilizationB. The Egyptian CivilizationC. The Greek CivilizationD. The Chinese Civilization答案：B。
本题考查对古代文明著名建筑的了解。
埃及文明以建造金字塔而闻名。
罗马文明有斗兽场等，希腊文明有帕特农神庙，中国文明有长城等。
2.The ancient civilization that developed the system of writing known as cuneiform was:A. The Indus Valley CivilizationB. The Mesopotamian CivilizationC. The Mayan CivilizationD. The Aztec Civilization答案：B。
美索不达米亚文明发展了楔形文字的书写系统。
3.Which ancient civilization was located in the region of present-day India?A. The Inca CivilizationB. The Indus Valley CivilizationC. The Persian CivilizationD. The Phoenician Civilization答案：B。
印度河流域文明位于现今印度地区。
4.The ancient civilization that is famous for its advanced mathematics and astronomy is:A. The Mayan CivilizationB. The Greek CivilizationC. The Chinese CivilizationD. The Egyptian Civilization答案：A。
高一历史事件英语阅读理解15题
高一历史事件英语阅读理解15题1. What is one of the most famous ancient wonders of the world?A. The Great Pyramid of GizaB. The Eiffel TowerC. The Statue of LibertyD. The Sydney Opera House答案：A。
解析：The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the most famous ancient wonders. The Eiffel Tower is in modern France and was built in the 19th century. The Statue of Liberty is in the United States and was a gift from France in the late 19th century. The Sydney Opera House is in Australia and was completed in the 20th century. Reading skill: understanding key historical facts.2. Who built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon?A. The RomansB. The GreeksC. Nebuchadnezzar IID. Alexander the Great答案：C。
解析：The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were built by Nebuchadnezzar II. The Romans and Greeks did not build the Hanging Gardens. Alexander the Great conquered Babylon but did not build the gardens. Reading skill: knowing specific historical figures associated with certain events.3. Which ancient civilization is known for its advanced mathematics and astronomy?A. The Egyptian civilizationB. The Mesopotamian civilizationC. The Mayan civilizationD. The Chinese civilization答案：B。
印加英文简介
The Inca ruled a large, wealthy empire in South America. They accomplished amazing feats of engineering and built a complex civilization.The Inca had no written language, but they still recorded many details about their life. They kept track of gold, land, crops, and other things by using knotted strings. The length and color of the strings, and the spacing of the knots, all had meaning. Specially trained people could “read” the strings.WHAT WAS THE INCA EMPIRE?The Inca Empire was a vast kingdom in the Andes Mountains of South America. Inca emperors controlled a huge area and ruled millions of people. It was the largest civilization in South America before the arrival of Europeans.According to Inca legend, the Inca first lived near Lake Titicaca in southeastern Peru. The legend says the first Inca emperor, Manco Capac, led the Inca north to the fertile valley of Cuzco. They arrived in Cuzco (in southern Peru) about AD 1200 and conquered the people there. Cuzco became the Inca’s capital city.Over time, the Inca conquered many neighboring groups. The Inca Empire grew large and rich. Centered in Peru, the empire extended over high mountains, grassy plateaus, fertile valleys, jungles, and coastal land. It covered parts of what are now Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina.REMARKABLE BUILDINGSThe Inca constructed impressive buildings out of stone. The Inca did not use the wheel. So to move large boulders, they used wooden rollers and ramps made of dirt. They shaped the boulders into blocks with axes and smoothed them with sand and water. Then they stacked the blocks to make walls, arches, and other structures.The Inca shaped their building blocks with great accuracy. The blocks fit together so tightly that a knife will not fit between them! For this reason, they didn’t need to use mortar (a binding material put between blocks or bricks).The Inca built many large temples, palaces, plazas, and forts. Cuzco itself was a marvel of Inca engineering. Gold plating nearly covered Cuzco’s great Temple of the Sun. In the temple’s courtyard, goldcarvings showed scenes from Inca life. Gold corn appeared to grow out of golden soil. Golden llamas grazed on golden grass.Another spectacular Inca city was Machu Picchu. It was built on a ridge high in the Andes, above Cuzco. The ruins of the city were discovered in 1911.ROADS, BRIDGES, AND TERRACESTo rule their large kingdom, Inca emperors built a network of stone roads that extended 10,000 miles (16,000 kilometers). Working in relays, runners used these roads to carry messages up to 250 miles (400 kilometers) in a single day. Government officials could travel the roads to every village in the empire.To span the deep river gorges in the mountains, the Inca built rope bridges. The bridges were amazingly durable. One rope bridge over a dangerous ravine was used for more than 500 years!The mountains posed a challenge for farming. The Inca built stone walls in steep valleys to create level fields, called terraces. These terraces extend up the sides of mountains like giant staircases. In some areas, the Inca built canals to bring water to the terraces.LIFE AS AN INCAInca society was strictly organized. The emperor and his royal family were at the top of Inca society. The Inca believed the emperor was descended from the Sun god, Inti.Below the emperor came the nobility. These Inca were related to the emperor. They held the most important positions in the government, the military, and in religious life. Peasants who farmed the land were at the bottom of Inca society.The Inca worshiped the creator god, Viracocha, the Sun god, Inti, and other lesser gods. The bodies of dead rulers were kept in shrines. Dead rulers had servants and were consulted on daily affairs—as if they were still alive.Priests were important in Inca life. In sacred rituals, priests often sacrificed llamas or guinea pigs to the gods. Sometimes they sacrificed children or women.ARTS AND CRAFTSInca craft workers used copper and bronze to make tools and ornaments. They used gold and silver for jewelry and for everyday objects such as nails, combs, and dishes for the nobility. Goldsmiths were so respected that they lived in a special neighborhood and paid no taxes.The finest Inca art has not survived. Spanish conquerors melted down these objects and shipped the gold back to Spain.The Inca had extensive knowledge of plants for food and medicine. They developed many of the plants we eat today. These include types of corn, potatoes, tomatoes, squash, beans, and peppers. To the Inca, pepper plants were sacred. In fact, peppers were so valuable they could be used as money.CONQUERED BY THE SPANISHInca civilization was most powerful in the late 1400s. In 1532, the Spanish explorer Francisco Pizarro and 180 Spanish soldiers landed on the coast of Peru.At first, the Inca believed Pizarro was their god, Viracocha. Pizarro and his men seized the Inca emperor. To save his own life, the emperor offered Pizarro enough gold to fill a room. But the Spaniards killed the emperor and took over the Inca Empire.The Spanish conquerors looted Inca treasures and made the Inca into slaves. Many Inca died from mistreatment and from European diseases. Other Inca fled.Today, about 8 million descendants of the Inca live in the lands of the former Inca Empire. Many still speak Quechuan, the ancient Inca language. They still follow many Inca beliefs and customs.。
高一英语景点介绍作文
高一英语景点介绍作文The Great Wall is one of the most famous historical sites in China. 万里长城是中国最著名的历史遗址之一。
The Great Wall is not just a physical barrier, but a symbol of China's strength and perseverance. 长城不仅是一道物理屏障，更是中国力量和毅力的象征。
Walking along the Great Wall, one can't help but feel a sense of awe and wonder at the historical significance of this magnificent structure. 沿着长城行走时，人们无法不感受到对这座宏伟建筑的历史意义的敬畏和惊叹。
The Great Wall offers a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape, with rolling hills and lush greenery stretching as far as the eye can see. 长城提供了周围风景的壮丽景色，滚滚起伏的群山和郁郁葱葱的绿色一直延伸到眼前。
Visiting the Great Wall is a once-in-a-lifetime experience that allows visitors to step back in time and imagine what life was like for theancient Chinese soldiers who defended the wall. 参观长城是一次终身难忘的体验，让游客回到过去，想象古代中国士兵在长城上守卫的生活是什么样的。
外国工艺美术简史第九章古代美洲
四、琼巴亚型（3—16世纪） 琼巴亚（Quimbaya）型的黄金制品不但造型多样、装饰 丰富，而且品种各异。常见的式样有钩针、鼻饰、动物形垂 饰、胸佩，以及各式容器。总的特点是古朴浑厚、含蓄典雅。 作品的制作手法，根据其造型特征及纹饰的肌理效果分析， 大都是以失蜡法铸金工艺完成。《金制动物形垂饰》即为典 型例作。
六、希奴型（5—10世纪） 希奴（Sinu）型金属工艺文化由加勒比沿岸平原上的希奴族创 造。此类制品不仅数量丰富，而且艺术造诣深厚。从工艺手 法来看，铸、锻、雕等技法皆有应用，因而作品呈现出十分 丰富的装饰效果。比较常见的品种有人物形胸饰、鼻饰、垂 饰、杖饰、金铃，网形耳饰、胸饰，以及人物头像等。其中 最独特、最有代表性的作品为《金制网形耳饰》。 希奴型的鼻饰（图9-8）亦颇具特色，造型简洁，线形单纯， 比例十分讲究。
一、玛雅文明 ·在今墨西哥东南，危地马拉及洪都拉斯、萨尔瓦多西部， 玛雅人创造了印第安各族中最高的文化，史称玛雅文明 （Maya Civilization）。 ·约公元前1000年初期，玛雅人已经营原始农业。 ·玛雅人的文化成就丰富卓越。玛雅人创造的象形文字， 图形和符号共800多个，可组成3万多个词。玛雅人以桦树 皮、加工过的鹿皮当纸，写有天文、历法、历史、神话、 诗歌等内容。 ·公元4世纪至9世纪，即玛雅文明全盛期，表面磨制光亮 的橘红和橘黄色陶器是这一阶段的工艺美术代表。 ·直接受到壁画艺术影响的玛雅“彩绘陶”，不论是娴熟 流畅的线条，丰富多彩的釉色，还是出色的烧制工艺，都 达到了较高的水平。玛雅的陶塑以写实为特征，善于表现 不同人物形象的神态、表情、动势，有浓厚的生活气息。
二、阿兹特克文明
•在今墨西哥的土地上，印第安人曾创造出昌盛的文化，史称 阿兹特克文明（Aztec Civilization）。阿兹特克人原为墨 西哥北部狩猎民族，公元12 世纪灭托尔特克人之后进 入墨西哥中部，1620年为西班牙人所灭。
拉丁美洲古代美术名词解释
拉丁美洲古代美术名词解释
拉丁美洲古代美术包括了许多不同的文化和艺术形式，其中一
些名词解释如下：
1. 墨雅文明（Maya Civilization），墨雅文明是古代美洲的
一个重要文明，其艺术作品包括雕塑、壁画和陶器等，常常以神话、宗教和日常生活为题材，具有独特的风格和符号。
2. 阿兹特克文明（Aztec Civilization），阿兹特克文明的艺术作品通常表现出对战争和神话的兴趣，雕塑和壁画是其主要形式，常常带有强烈的宗教和神秘主题。
3. 印加文明（Inca Civilization），印加文明的艺术作品以
石雕、金属工艺和纺织品为主，通常表现出对自然和宗教的崇拜，
具有精湛的工艺和独特的符号。
4. 纳瓦霍文化（Navajo Culture），纳瓦霍人的艺术作品主要
包括编织品、银饰和壁画等，常常以自然和神话为题材，具有独特
的几何图案和颜色。
以上是拉丁美洲古代美术的一些代表性文化和艺术形式，每种文明都有其独特的艺术特点和表现形式。
秘鲁相关的旅游英语口语
秘鲁相关的旅游英语口语秘鲁孕育了美洲最早人类文明之一的小北史前文明，以及前哥伦布时期美洲的最大国家印加帝国。
下面是的关于秘鲁的旅游英语，欢送阅读!1.Peru is one of the great originating centers of ancient culture, along with Mexico Mesopotamia，India, and China.1.秘鲁同墨西哥、美索不达米亚、印度和中国一样，是伟大的古文化发源地之一。
2.Despite its rugged and inhospitable territory, this country is the cradle of highly developed cultures-the most famous being, the Inca civilization.2.尽管秘鲁国土地崎岖而荒凉，但它是高度兴旺文化的发源地，最著名的就是印加文明。
3.Due to the astounding variety of climates and ecosystems, Peru is among the world's top 8 nations in terms of biodiversity where one can find 84 of the 104 life zones existing around the pla.3.秘鲁凭借其令人惊叹的多样化的气候和生态系统，跻身世界上8个顶级生物多样性丰富的国家行列，在那可以找到地球现存的104个生物带中的84个。
4.The department of Arequipa is synonymous with volcanoes and snow-capped peaks,clear blue skies and endless plains.4.阿雷基帕大区是火山、白雪皑皑的雪峰，蔚蓝的天空和无尽的草原的代名词。
世界上风景名胜英语作文
世界上风景名胜英语作文1. The Grand Canyon is a breathtaking natural wonder that must be seen to be believed. The sheer size and depth of the canyon are truly awe-inspiring, and the colorful rock formations create a stunning visual display.2. The Great Barrier Reef is a paradise for anyone who loves the ocean. The crystal-clear waters teem with a dazzling array of marine life, and the vibrant coral formations are a sight to behold.3. Machu Picchu is a mystical and enigmatic ancient city nestled high in the Andes mountains. The ruins are shrouded in mystery and offer a fascinating glimpse into the history of the Inca civilization.4. The Taj Mahal is a masterpiece of architectural beauty and a symbol of enduring love. The white marble mausoleum is exquisitely adorned with intricate carvings and inlaid precious stones, creating a truly mesmerizingsight.5. The Serengeti National Park is a vast expanse of African wilderness that is home to an incredible diversity of wildlife. The annual migration of millions of wildebeest and zebras is a spectacle unlike any other.6. The Northern Lights, also known as the Aurora Borealis, are a natural light display in the Earth's sky, predominantly seen in the high-latitude regions. The shifting colors and patterns of the lights create a mesmerizing and otherworldly spectacle.7. The Great Wall of China is an iconic symbol of ancient Chinese engineering and an awe-inspiring testament to human ingenuity. The wall stretches for thousands of miles across rugged terrain, offering stunning panoramic views.8. The Amazon Rainforest is a vast and diverse ecosystem that is home to an astonishing array of plant and animal species. The lush greenery, towering trees, andcacophony of wildlife create an immersive and unforgettable experience.。
雅思口语话题之历史遗迹
雅思口语话题之历史遗迹历史有关的题目在雅思口语中有时也会出现，为了让大家做好备考工作，下面小编给大家分享雅思口语话题之历史遗迹，希望喜欢。
雅思口语Part2答案：历史遗迹参考答案1:Machu Picchu in southern Peru is a very interesting historic place and I have a great interest about his historic place. Though I have not visited this place in person, but I would definitely love to be there someday. I mostly learned about this place from one of my friends who visited there and from TV, internet and newspapers.Machu Picchu is located in Machupicchu District in southern Peru and it is historically connected with the 15th-century Inca civilization. It is located in 2,430 meters or around 7,970 feet area above the sea level. This place lies on top of a mountain and is a very popular destination for the tourist all around the world. This place is referred as the "Lost city of the Incas" and it was named as one of the 7 wonders of the world in 2007. UNESCO nominated it as a world heritage in the year 1983.This historic place was built as an estate for the Pachacuti emperor of the Inca civilization in around 1450, and is considered as the most significant and familiar icon of the Inca civilization.A tourist can see the finest work of the Inca civilization there and can learn many thing about this civilization. Apart from the ruins and cultural icons, one can enjoy the great beauty surrounding this place. The sunset time is awesome and eye witnessing the hills is something unforgettable. The Inca bridge is interesting to hike, and the scattered stones in the place is a different experience one can get. The Condor, Steps , Falling stairs,Temples, Sacred Rock, Llamas and other Animals, Inca Trail will all blow your mind and would remind you that you are visiting one of the 7 wonders of the world.This is an interesting place due to the vast area and iconic meaning of the Inca civilization. There are a lot to see, a lot to do and enjoy and being at one of the 7 wonders of the world is something a visitor will never forget. This place takes us to the past, in the time when Inca nation were there, and taught us how advanced they were as they have been able to build such a place with virtually no technological advancement of modern technology.参考答案2:An interesting historic place in my country is (...say a name of a historic place...). It is situated at (...area name...) in (...city/town name ...). In my opinion this is a very interesting historic place as it is almost two thousand years’ old and it was discovered in the middle of the last century. This was the center of the (...say a civilization name...) civilization and was one of the most prominent cities of our country. More than several hundred feet had to be dug to discover it.Now the place has been renovated to reflect the city it once been. There are more than hundred acres of places in this site and most of them are the remaining of the lost civilization and city of that time. There are several old buildings, castles, fortress, monuments, rivers, canons, cryptic houses, under paths and sculptures are there. A museum was built as recently as 10 years ago for the visitors to learn more about this lost city and people. The museum is a really good one in terms of its collection and reflection of that civilization.To me, this was interesting because of the proof ofadvancement this civilization had. I have read a lot about this civilization and cultures of these people and visiting this place was a really good experience. The museum was very rich in terms of learning history. The city was more than 2 thousand years old and yet it has many amazing art works, tools, intricate designs, buildings with amazing work, finest canon and many more proofs of their advancement. They had been a flourishing civilization that dominated that part of the country. The idea of our civilization being found by future generation was an interesting idea and this historic place just reminded me that. The museum, the fine airmanship and advancement of that civilization are all amazing historic proof and interesting to explore.Similar Cue Card T opicsYour ability to talk about this Cue Card Topic would also enable you to talk about the following Cue Card Topics as well:1. Describe a historical place you have visited2. Describe a worth visiting tourist spot in your city3. Describe a famous spot in your country4. Describe an interesting place you have been to雅思口语之名胜古迹紫禁城The Forbidden City was the Chinese imperial palace from the mid-Ming Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the middle of Beijing, China and now houses the Palace Museum. For almost five centuries, it served as the home of the Emperor and his household, and the ceremonial and political centre of Chinese government.长城。
课文注释 Unit 5 Travelling abroad
Unit 5 Travelling abroad课文注释①“It’s not just study that’s difficult. You have to get used to a whole new way of life,which can take up all your concentration in the beginning,” explained Xie Lei, who had lived in the same city in China all her life. “困难不仅仅是在学习方面, 你得适应一种全新的生活方式, 在一开始的时候这就会占去你的全部注意力,”谢蕾解释说。
她在中国时一直居住在同一座城市。
It’s not just study that’s difficult. 是一个强调结构。
如不用强调语气, 可以说Not just study is difficult.be / get used to (doing) sth习惯于(做)某事。
如：I am not used to being treated that way. 我不习惯被(别人)那样对待。
Don’t worry. You will soon get used to it. 别担心, 你很快会习惯的。
问题used to do与be used to doing是两个不同的词组, 你知道它们在结构和含义上有哪些不同之处? 请把以下句子译成汉语。
We used to live in a small village but now we live in London.The car’s running less smoothly than it used to.He is the boss here! He is not used to being told what to do.I used to think of him as a mean person and now I know I was wrong.I am used to sleeping on a sofa.②When I got lost and had to ask a passer-by for directions, I didn’t alwaysunderstand. 当我迷路不得不向过路的行人问路时, 时常听不懂他们说的话。
名胜古迹介绍英文翻译作文
名胜古迹介绍英文翻译作文1. The Great Wall of China is an iconic landmark that stretches across the northern part of China. It is a testament to the ingenuity and determination of the ancient Chinese people. The wall is made up of bricks, stones, and other materials, and it winds its way through mountains, valleys, and deserts. Standing atop the Great Wall, onecan't help but be in awe of the breathtaking views and the historical significance of this magnificent structure.2. The Taj Mahal in India is a stunning white marble mausoleum that was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan as a tribute to his beloved wife. It is considered one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Taj Mahal is known for itsintricate carvings, delicate inlays, and stunning symmetry. It is a symbol of eternal love and a testament to the craftsmanship of the artisans who built it.3. The Pyramids of Giza in Egypt are ancient structuresthat have fascinated people for centuries. These massive tombs were built as final resting places for the pharaohs of Egypt. The pyramids are made of limestone blocks and are known for their perfect geometric shapes. Standing in front of these towering structures, one can't help but wonder about the mysteries of ancient Egypt and the incredible engineering skills of the people who built them.4. The Colosseum in Rome, Italy, is an iconic symbol of the ancient Roman civilization. This amphitheater was used for gladiatorial contests, public spectacles, and other events. The Colosseum is an architectural marvel, with its massive stone walls and intricate system of tunnels and chambers. It is a reminder of the grandeur and power of the Roman Empire and a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts.5. The Statue of Liberty in New York City is a symbol of freedom and democracy. This colossal statue was a gift from France to the United States and has become an iconic landmark. Standing tall on Liberty Island, the Statue of Liberty welcomes visitors from around the world. Itrepresents hope, liberty, and the American dream. Climbing to the top of the statue offers a panoramic view of thecity skyline and the bustling harbor.6. The Acropolis in Athens, Greece, is a hilltopcitadel that is home to several ancient Greek temples, including the iconic Parthenon. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is a testament to the achievements of ancient Greek civilization. The Parthenon, with its impressive columns and intricate sculptures, is a marvel of classical architecture. From the top of the Acropolis, one can admire the panoramic views of Athens and imagine the glory of ancient Greece.7. Machu Picchu in Peru is an ancient Inca city that is nestled high in the Andes Mountains. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is a marvel of engineering and architecture. The city is made up of stone terraces, temples, and houses, and it offers breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. Exploring the ruins of Machu Picchu is like stepping back in time and discovering the secrets of the Inca civilization.8. The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France, is an iconic symbol of the city and one of the most visited monuments in the world. This wrought-iron lattice tower stands tall at 324 meters and offers stunning views of the city. Whether you're taking a romantic stroll along the Seine River or enjoying a picnic in one of the nearby parks, the Eiffel Tower is a must-see attraction that captures the essence of Paris.9. The Sydney Opera House in Australia is a masterpiece of modern architecture. This iconic building, with itssail-like design, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a symbol of Sydney. Whether you're attending a performance, taking a guided tour, or simply admiring the building from a distance, the Sydney Opera House is a cultural landmark that showcases Australia's vibrant arts scene.10. The Angkor Wat in Cambodia is the largest religious monument in the world and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This ancient temple complex was built by the Khmer Empire and is considered one of the most important archaeologicalsites in Southeast Asia. The intricate carvings, towering spires, and serene atmosphere make Angkor Wat a must-visit destination for history and culture enthusiasts.。
历史名城英文作文带翻译
历史名城英文作文带翻译1. Rome, the eternal city, is a treasure trove of ancient history and culture. From the mighty Colosseum to the grandeur of the Pantheon, every corner of the city is steeped in centuries of rich history.2. Athens, the birthplace of democracy, is a city of ancient ruins and modern charm. The Acropolis, with its iconic Parthenon, stands as a testament to the city's glorious past.3. Cairo, the capital of Egypt, is a bustling metropolis that is home to the world-famous pyramids of Giza. These ancient wonders have stood for thousands of years, a testament to the ingenuity of the ancient Egyptians.4. Kyoto, the former imperial capital of Japan, is a city of traditional wooden houses, tranquil temples, and stunning gardens. Its rich history and culture are evidentin every corner of the city.5. Jerusalem, the holy city, is a place of great significance for three major world religions. The Western Wall, the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, and the Dome of the Rock are just a few of the many sacred sites that draw pilgrims and tourists from around the world.6. Istanbul, the city that straddles two continents, isa melting pot of cultures and history. From the grandeur of the Hagia Sophia to the bustling markets of the Grand Bazaar, the city is a testament to its rich and diverse past.7. Venice, the city of canals, is a unique and enchanting place. Its winding waterways and stunning architecture make it a living museum of a bygone era.8. Petra, the ancient city carved into the rose-red cliffs of Jordan, is a marvel of ancient engineering and architecture. Its stunning rock-cut buildings and tombs are a testament to the skill and artistry of its ancientinhabitants.9. Machu Picchu, the ancient Incan city nestled high in the Andes mountains, is a breathtaking testament to the ingenuity and engineering prowess of the Inca civilization. Its stunning terraces and stone structures are a marvel to behold.10. Angkor Wat, the largest religious monument in the world, is a stunning testament to the artistic and architectural achievements of the Khmer Empire. Itsintricate carvings and towering spires make it a must-see for history and culture enthusiasts.1. 罗马，永恒之城，是古代历史和文化的宝库。
10个最令人惊叹的古代印加遗址
10个最令人惊叹的古代印加遗址印加文明（Inca civilization）起源于13世纪早期的秘鲁高地（highlands of Peru）。
从1438年开始，他们开始征服印加中心地带（Inca heartland）库斯科（Cuzco）周围的土地，建立了前哥伦布时代美洲（pre-Columbian America）最大的帝国。
1532年西班牙征服者（Spanish conquistadors）的到来标志着短暂存在的印加帝国（Inca Empire）的结束。
由于征服者掠夺了他们所能掠夺的一切，他们文明的遗迹是有限的。
但游客们仍然可以从在南美洲高地（highlands of South America）发现的令人惊叹的古印加遗址（ancient Inca ruins）中领略印加文明的先进性。
1 马丘比丘（Machu Picchu）马丘比丘是世界上最美丽、最令人印象深刻的古印加遗址，在隐藏了几个世纪之后，它在乌鲁班巴山谷（Urubamba Valley）被夏威夷历史学家（Hawaiian historian）海勒姆（Hiram）于1911年重新发现。
“印加失落的城市（Lost City of the Incas）”从下面看不见，完全自给自足，被农业梯田包围，由天然泉水灌溉。
虽然它在当地为人所知，但在1911年被重新发现之前，外界对它几乎一无所知。
从那时起，马丘比丘就成为秘鲁（Peru）最重要的旅游景点。
2 奥扬泰坦博（Ollantaytambo）在印加帝国时期，奥扬泰坦博是帕查库蒂皇帝（Emperor Pachacuti）的皇家领地，他征服了这个地区，建立了城镇和一个仪式中心。
在西班牙征服秘鲁时，它是印加抵抗运动的据点。
如今，奥扬泰坦博印加遗址是一个重要的旅游景点，也是最常见的徒步旅行起点之一，被称为印加小径（Inca Trail）。
3 乔克基拉奥（Choquequirao）乔克基拉奥（意为“黄金的摇篮”）位于海拔3085米的库斯科（Cuzco）和阿普里马克（Apurimac）交界处。
历史古迹的作文英文怎么写
历史古迹的作文英文怎么写The Great Wall is a massive, ancient structure in China. It stretches for thousands of miles and was built toprotect the Chinese Empire from invaders.The Pyramids of Giza are iconic structures in Egypt. They were built as tombs for pharaohs and are a testamentto the incredible engineering skills of the ancient Egyptians.Machu Picchu is a breathtaking ancient city nestled in the Andes Mountains of Peru. It was built by the Inca civilization and is a marvel of architecture and design.The Colosseum in Rome is a massive amphitheater thatwas used for gladiator contests and public spectacles. Itis a symbol of the power and grandeur of the Roman Empire.Stonehenge is a mysterious prehistoric monument in England. Its origins and purpose are still debated byarchaeologists, adding to its enigmatic allure.The Taj Mahal is a stunning white marble mausoleum in India. It was built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife and is a symbol of enduring love and beauty.The Acropolis in Athens is a hilltop citadel that contains the remains of several ancient buildings of great architectural and historic significance, the most famous being the Parthenon.The Easter Island Moai are giant stone statues located on Easter Island in the Pacific Ocean. Their purpose and the means by which they were constructed are still a matter of debate among archaeologists.The Alhambra is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Spain. It is known for its stunning Islamic architecture and beautiful gardens.The Angkor Wat temple complex in Cambodia is thelargest religious monument in the world. It was originally built as a Hindu temple, but later transformed into a Buddhist temple.。
世界景观奇迹英文作文
世界景观奇迹英文作文英文：When it comes to world landscape wonders, there are so many breathtaking sites to choose from. From the natural wonders of the Grand Canyon and the Northern Lights, to the man-made marvels of the Great Wall of China and the Taj Mahal, there is no shortage of incredible sights to behold.One of my personal favorites is Machu Picchu in Peru. This ancient Incan city is nestled high in the Andes Mountains and is believed to have been built in the 15th century. The ruins are incredibly well-preserved and offer a glimpse into the fascinating history and culture of the Inca civilization.Another stunning landscape wonder is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. This massive coral reef system is home to thousands of species of marine life and is the largest living structure on Earth. Snorkeling or diving in thecrystal-clear waters of the Great Barrier Reef is an unforgettable experience.中文：说到世界景观奇迹，有很多令人惊叹的地方可供选择。
去秘鲁旅游英文作文初一
去秘鲁旅游英文作文初一下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Peru is a beautiful country located in South America.It is known for its rich history, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture. When I visited Peru, I was amazed by its diversity and charm.The first thing that caught my attention was theancient ruins of Machu Picchu. This UNESCO World Heritage site is nestled high in the Andes Mountains and offers breathtaking views. Exploring the ruins was like stepping back in time and I couldn't help but be in awe of the ingenuity of the Inca civilization.After experiencing the history of Machu Picchu, I was ready to immerse myself in the vibrant culture of Peru. I was lucky enough to witness a traditional dance performance in Cusco. The dancers moved with such grace and precision, and the colorful costumes added to the spectacle. It was a feast for the eyes and a celebration of Peruvian traditions.One of the highlights of my trip was trying the local cuisine. Peruvian food is famous for its unique flavors and ingredients. I indulged in ceviche, a dish made with fresh seafood marinated in lime juice and spices. The combination of tangy and spicy flavors was absolutely delicious. I also couldn't resist trying the national dish, lomo saltado, which is a stir-fry made with beef, onions, tomatoes, and french fries. It was a mouthwatering blend of flavors that left me craving for more.In addition to the cultural and culinary experiences, Peru also offers stunning natural landscapes. I took a boat tour of the Amazon River and was amazed by the lush rainforest and diverse wildlife. From colorful birds to playful monkeys, the Amazon is a paradise for nature lovers.I also visited the breathtaking Rainbow Mountain, where the vibrant colors of the mountains took my breath away.Overall, my trip to Peru was an unforgettable experience. From exploring ancient ruins to immersingmyself in the vibrant culture, I fell in love with the country's charm and beauty. Peru truly has something foreveryone, whether you're a history buff, a foodie, or a nature lover. I can't wait to return and continue exploring all that this amazing country has to offer.。
阿兹特克文明与印卡文明的差异及其形成原因
阿兹特克文明与印卡文明的差异及其形成原因韩琦[关键词]：阿兹特克印卡文明差异性[摘要]：阿兹特克文明和印卡文明在经济制度、政治制度、社会结构、宗教文化、国家性质等方面有诸多的差异性，这些差异性的形成是两地的地理环境因素、生产力发展水平和区域文明传承特点造成的。
认真研究拉美古代文明的共同性和差异性，对于我们深刻理解拉美的现代化进程和当代问题有着重要的意义。
On the differences between Aztec and Inca civilizations and the cause of such differencesHan Qi(The Research Center of Modern World History, Nankai University )Key words: Aztec Inca civilization diversityAbstract: Lots of differences exist between Aztec and Inca civilizations in economic and political system, social structure, religions, cultures, and the nature of a country. These differences are caused by Aztec’s and Inca’s respective natural environments, developments of productivity, and successions of local civilizations. It is of far-reaching significance to make deep researches on the uniformity and diversity among Latin American ancient civilizations in understanding the modernization and contemporary problems of Latin America.通过比较研究的方法，发现历史背景的差异性，从而为理解当代问题提供钥匙，是历史研究的任务之一。
介绍文明古城的作文英语
介绍文明古城的作文英语Ancient cities are like portals to the past, offering glimpses into the rich tapestry of human history. Among these, civilization has flourished and evolved, leaving behind remnants that speak volumes about the ingenuity, culture, and lifestyle of bygone eras. In this essay, we'll delve into the essence of ancient cities, exploring their significance, charm, and enduring legacy.First and foremost, ancient cities serve asrepositories of cultural heritage. They encapsulate the traditions, beliefs, and practices of civilizations long gone. Walking through their narrow alleys, bustling marketplaces, and majestic ruins, one can't help but feel a profound connection to the past. Each cobblestone street, towering monument, and weathered facade whispers stories of triumphs, tragedies, and the relentless march of time.Take, for instance, the ancient city of Pompeii. Frozen in time by the catastrophic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in79 AD, Pompeii offers a poignant glimpse into Roman life.Its remarkably preserved ruins, adorned with intricate frescoes, mosaic floors, and remnants of everyday life, transport visitors back to a bustling metropolis abruptly halted by nature's fury. Through its streets, theaters, and public baths, one can almost hear the echoes of ancient voices and envision the vibrancy of a lost civilization.Similarly, the majestic ruins of Machu Picchu in Peru stand as a testament to the architectural prowess of the Inca civilization. Perched high atop the Andes Mountains, this enigmatic city boasts intricately constructed terraces, temples, and dwellings that blend seamlessly with thenatural landscape. As visitors navigate its labyrinthine pathways and gaze upon its panoramic vistas, they can'thelp but marvel at the ingenuity and spiritual reverence of its builders.Moreover, ancient cities serve as crucibles ofinnovation and human achievement. From the toweringpyramids of Giza to the awe-inspiring temples of Angkor Wat, these architectural marvels bear witness to theextraordinary feats accomplished by ancient civilizations. Through meticulous craftsmanship, advanced engineering techniques, and a deep understanding of astronomy and mathematics, our ancestors erected monuments that still defy comprehension and inspire awe.Beyond their architectural splendor, ancient cities are also repositories of knowledge, arts, and philosophies. The libraries of Alexandria, the philosophical schools of Athens, and the vibrant bazaars of Baghdad were hubs of intellectual exchange and cultural diffusion. Here, scholars, merchants, and artisans from diverse backgrounds converged, exchanging ideas, goods, and innovations that shaped the course of human history.Furthermore, ancient cities often serve as focal points for tourism and economic development. Millions of tourists flock to iconic sites such as Rome, Cairo, and Kyoto each year, drawn by the allure of their storied past andcultural treasures. In doing so, they contribute to local economies, supporting businesses, infrastructure, and preservation efforts that ensure these treasures endure forfuture generations to enjoy.In conclusion, ancient cities are more than mere relics of the past; they are living testaments to the resilience, creativity, and collective ingenuity of humanity. Through their ruins, artifacts, and enduring legacies, they offer windows into worlds long gone, inviting us to explore, learn, and marvel at the wonders of our shared heritage. As guardians of our cultural legacy, it is incumbent upon us to cherish and preserve these treasures for generations yet unborn to discover and cherish.。
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History
• • • • • • Origin Kingdom of Cuzco Reorganization and formation Expansion and consolidation Spanish conquest Last Incas
Origin
• Incan oral history mentions three possible places of origin of their people. Three caves near Pacariqtambo, Lake Titicaca(的的喀喀湖) and Tambo(坦博) • Ayar Manco became known as Manco Cápac, the founder of the Inca. It is said that he and his sisters built the first Inca homes in the valley with their own hands. When the time came, Manco Cápac turned to stone like his brothers before him. His son, Sinchi Roca, became the second emperor of the Inca
--All ravaged the remains of Inca culture
Kingdom of Cuzco
Territory included (modern):
Columbia Ecuador(厄瓜多尔) Chile
Argentzation and formation
Pachacuti reorganized the kingdom of Cusco into the Tahuantinsuyu, which consisted of a central government with the Inca at its head and four provincial governments with strong leaders. Pachacuti is also thought to have built Machu Picchu, either as a family home or as a summer retreat, although there is speculation that Machu Picchu was constructed as an agricultural station.
Smallpox（天花） was only the first epidemic Typhus（斑疹伤寒症） in 1546 Influenza（流感） and smallpox together in 1558 Smallpox again in 1589 Diphtheria（白喉） in 1614 Measles（麻疹） in 1618
Machu Picchu
Expansion and consolidation
Spanish conquest
Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro and his brothers explored south from what is today Panama, reaching Inca territory by 1526. It was clear that they had reached a wealthy land with prospects of great treasure, and after one more expedition in 1529, Pizarro traveled to Spain and received royal approval to conquer the region and be its viceroy.
Last Incas
In 1572 the last Inca stronghold was conquered, and the last ruler, Túpac Amaru, Manco's son, was captured and executed. After the fall of the Inca Empire many aspects of Inca culture were systematically destroyed.