四六级翻译

练习 3 要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文 化有所了解。中国地方戏种类很多，其中 京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种。作为一个 独立的剧种，京剧的诞生大约是在1840年 至1860年。京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养 的基础上形成的。京剧有明显的角色分工 ：在念白上用北京方言；在音乐上以胡琴 为主要伴奏乐器。由于京剧是在融合各种 地方戏之精华的基础上形成的，所以它不 仅为北京观众所钟爱，也受到全国人民的 喜爱。
练习 5 意大利著名旅行家马可波罗曾这样叙述他印 象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙的城市， 它使人觉得自己在天堂。”在中国也流传着 这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州 的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。西湖一年 四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用“ 淡妆浓抹总相宜”的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭 州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街 头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可以 购上几样名特土产。
Key 4
Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday. In china it is also known as the Spring Festival. New Year celebrations run from Chinese New year’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month. Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place.
However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner. It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck. And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck. Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.
练习 4 中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日，在中 国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕 开始一直延续到元宵节。即从农历(lunar calendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第 一个月的第15天。各地欢度春节的习俗和 传统有很大差异。但通常每个家庭都会在 除夕夜团聚，一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运， 迎好运，家家户户都会进行大扫除。人们 还会在门上粘贴红色的对联（couplets） ，对联的主题为健康，发财和好运。其他 的活动还有放鞭炮，发红包和探亲访友。
பைடு நூலகம்
Key 3
To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture. In china, there are many kinds of local operas, among Peking Opera is a representative one. As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and 1860. Peking Opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas. In Peking opera there is a clear division of roles; the spoken parts are in Beijing dialect; and huqin, is the main accompaniment instrument. Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.
Key 1
The Lion Dance is one of the most widespread folk dances in China. The lion is the king of animals. In Chinese tradition, the lion is regarded as a mascot, which can bring good luck. Ancient people regarded the lion as a symbol of braveness and strength, which could drive away evil and protect humans. The dance has a recorded history of more than 2,000 years. During the Tang Dynasty, the Lion Dance was already introduced into the royal family of the dynasty. Therefore, performing the lion dance at the Lantern Festival and other festive occasions became a custom where people could pray for good luck, safety and happiness.
西湖一年四季都美不胜收(as it is beautiful all the year around) ，宋代著名诗人(a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty) 苏东坡用“淡妆浓抹总相宜” (who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup)的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭州 ，您可以饱览西湖的秀色(a perfect delight to the eye) ，也不妨漫步街头闹市(stroll along the busy streets) ，品尝一下杭州的 名菜名点，还可以购上几样名特土产(special local products) 。
练习 1
狮舞（Lion Dance）是中国最广为流传的民间舞 蹈之一。狮为百兽之首，在中国传统中，狮子被 视为是能带来好运的吉祥物（mascot）。古人将 狮子视作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驱赶邪恶、保 护人类。据记载，狮舞已拥有了2,000多年的历 史。在唐代（the Tang Dynasty），狮舞就已 经被引入了皇室。因此，舞狮成为元宵节（the Lantern Festival）和其他节日的习俗，人们以 此来祈祷好运、平安和幸福。
练习 2 端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗 人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大 臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁 荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终 投河自尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛 下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的 身躯。几千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽 子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟， 尤其是在一些河湖密布的南方省份。
Key 2
The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified. People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body. For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.
练习 5
意大利著名旅行家(the famous Italian traveler)马可波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州 ：“这是世界上最美妙的城市(the most fascinating city)，它使人觉得自己在天堂 (in paradise)。”在中国也流传着这样的话： “上有天堂，下有苏杭(in Heaven there is Paradise; on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou) 。”杭州的名气主要在于 (lie mainly in…)风景如画的西湖 (picturesque West Lake)。
参考译文：The famous Italian traveler Marco Polo was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the most fascinating city in the world where one feels that is in paradise”. In China, there has been a centuryold popular saying praising the city: “In Heaven there is Paradise; on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.” Hangzhou’s fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake. As it is beautiful all the year around, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty “who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup”. In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a pleasure to stroll along the busy streets, taste famous Hangzhou dishes and buy some special local products.