2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析
考研英语长难句真题解析
考研英语长难句真题解析2018年考研英语长难句真题解析长难句作为考研英语的一大难点，需要同学们重点学习。
本文是店铺搜索整理的关于2018年考研英语长难句真题解析，供参考复习，希望对大家有所帮助!想了解更多相关信息请持续关注我们店铺!1.Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others.(2003 完形)这是一个复杂句，主句是teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence, that引导的宾语从句修饰confidence。
句首是由because引导的原因状语从句。
【参考译文】因为总是要适应新的身体状况和智力和情感方面的诸多新挑战。
青少年自我意识特别强，他们需要成功的信心，看到自己的成就他们就需得到他人的赞扬。
2.However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.(2003 完形)句首的however表示转折，主干句的核心结构为so…that, 定语从句in which there are more winners than losers修饰activities, 三个动名词结构作activities的同位语对其解释说明，介词结构with many student-written book reviews作newsletters 的定语。
2018考研英语长难句解析（25）
Howard D. Schultz, the chief executive of Starbucks, said in a letter to employees on Sunday that baristas would no longer be encouraged to write the phrase “Race Together” on customers’ coffee cups, drawing to a close a widely derided component of the company’s plan to promote a discussion on racial issues. 词汇突破： 1. Baristas 咖啡师(不是要你⼀定背，混个脸熟，这个词其实就是星巴克⽤的多，星巴克⾥⾯穿⿊围裙的那个，需要⼀步步升级到这个位置的。
) (200考研就出现过 Manicurists 美甲师) 2. drawing to a close :快结束了 Drawing to a close sth…sth快结束了… 3. deride 指责，嘲笑 derided 受到指责的… 4. racial 种族 句⼦解析： Howard D. Schultz, the chief executive of Starbucks, said in a letter to employees on Sunday that baristas would no longer be encouraged to write the phrase “Race Together” on customers’ coffee cups, /drawing to a close a widely derided component of the company’s plan to promote a discussion on racial issues. 看到我切得这⼀⼑了，切完以后前半部分语序⾮常符合中⽂的语序，基本不⽤分析了，后⼀部分你也不⽤去管是什么成分，(状语)独⽴成句就好了。
2018考研英语长难句解析（68）
⼀、介词 (⼀)好像： They enteredthe building disguised as cleaners. 他们化装成清洁⼯⼈的模样进⼊了⼤楼。
(⼆) 作为，当作： I am tempted to define “journalism” as a term of contempt. 我禁不住将新闻业定义为⼀个蔑视的称谓。
(be temptedto 直译为“被诱惑”，但是⽤I 做主语的时候转译为：禁不住，愿意，会等) He has elected the activity of thinking as his primary duty. 他已经选择了思考的⾏为作为他主要的责任 ( elect = choose) His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute. 他作为⾳乐评论家的声誉⼀直饱受争议。
⼆、副词 (⼀) 1.As(副词)+形容词或副词+as(介词)+名词 (构成⽐较结构) The dress is twice as expesive as that one. (倍数加在第⼀个as前) I haven’t known him as long as you. = I haven’t known him as long as you (have done). 我认识他的时间没有你认识他的时间久。
2.As(副词)+ 形容词或副词+as (连词)+句⼦(构成⽐较结构) (1)He looks as ill as he sounded on the phone. 他的样⼦和他在电话中说话的声⾳所反映的病情是⼀样的。
(2)His eyes aren’t quite as blue as they lookin the film. 他的眼睛不像在电影⾥见到的那样蓝。
(3)IQ tests are not given as often as theyused to be. 智商测试不像以前那样经常被使⽤了。
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（25）
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（25） What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. 译⽂：现在的情况是⼈们不能像以前那样轻易地、公开地坦陈⾃⼰的梦想，以免被别⼈认为⾃⼰爱出风头、贪婪、庸俗不堪。
分析：what⼀词指代的是that引导的从句，从句中as easily and openly as once they could⼜是下⼀层的状语，此外lest引导带虚拟语⽓的假设状语从句。
【词汇指南】 摘⾃《⼗天搞定考研词汇》(王江涛、刘⽂涛) confess[kən'fes](v.)供认,承认;坦⽩,忏悔(CET-4)(con-全部、完全，fess-词根,讲、说、论→全都“说”出来了、全部交代了——即“供认,承认”，引申为“坦⽩,忏悔”。
) 3个扩展词： ●forum ['fɔ:rəm](n.)(古罗马的)⾔论⼴场;论坛,讨论会(CET-6、考研词汇)(2006年-阅读1)(fo=fess-词根,说,讲，rum=room-房间,场所→古罗马时期民众公开讨论问题的场所——即“(古罗马的)⾔论⼴场”，后引申为“论坛,讨论会”。
) 考点搭配：National Immigration Forum 全国移民论坛(2006年-阅读1) ●fate[feit](n.)命运,天命(vt.)命定,注定(CET-4)(2009年-阅读4)(fa= fess-词根,说,讲，te=the-词根,神→神所“说”的话、凡⼈⽆法改变的话——后引申为“命运,天命”;⽽其动词词义“命定,注定”由名词词义引申⽽来。
) ●fatal ['feitl](adj.)命中注定的;致命的,毁灭性的(CET-4)(2003年-阅读4)(al-的) 1个形近词： ●confer [kən'fə:](v.)交换意见,商讨;授予,颁给(勋衔、学位等)(CET-6、考研词汇)(2007年-阅读1)(该词是“conference-会议”的动词形式。
2018考研英语长难句解析（33）
Introduced to help enforce price controls in the fuel-hungry 1970s, America’s ban on crude-oil exports was all but forgotten when the economy boomed and imports soared. Now it is in the news again. It keeps American Crude around $10 below the price. Cash-strapped oilmen would like to sell their product abroad and are lobbying to lift the ban. (这样做还有⼀堆的好处，我就不摘录了。
)But politicians are fearful. Sooner or later, the petrol price will go up again--and anyone who voted to allow precious hydrocarbons to be sold to foreigners will be in the firing line. 词汇突破： 1.fuel-hungry油荒 2. crude-oil 原油=Crude 3. boom 繁荣 4. soar 上升 5. Cash-strapped 资⾦短缺 6. lobby 游说 7. lift the ban. 取消限制 8.firing line 处于容易受到攻击的地位 9. hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物(在这篇⽂章中就是指⽯油哦，这帮逗⽐的歪果仁为了表⽰多样性也够拼的，接着说⽯油要死啊!) 10. all but ⼏乎; (还有个结构是but all too 也是表⽰程度，删除就好了) 句⼦解析： 第⼀句：Introduced to help enforce price controls in the fuel-hungry 1970s, America’s ban on crude-oil exports was all but forgotten when the economy boomed and imports soared. 主⼲识别：America’s ban on crude-oil exports was forgotten. 其他成分：Introduced to help enforce price controls in the fuel-hungry1970s, 状语部分(独⽴成句) 整理后： (America’s ban on crude-oil exports was) introduced to help enforce price controls in the fuel-hungry 1970s. when the economy boomed and imports soared. 状语部分(独⽴成句) 参考译⽂： (注意语序的调整哦!)(被动译为主动)(注意加上句间的关联词让中⽂更通顺。
2018年考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（55）
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（55） In Australia — where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their Part — other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. 译⽂：在澳⼤利亚，⼈⼝⽼龄化、延长寿命技术和公众态度的变化都发挥着各⾃的作⽤。
其他州也将考虑制定类似的法律来处理安乐死问题。
分析：这个句⼦的主⼲是... other states are going to consider...。
句⾸的In Australia是介词词组表⽰地点状语，后⾯where引导定语从句where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their Part，进⼀步解释Australia的具体情况。
【词汇指南】 aɡe [eidʒ](n.)年龄;(⼈⽣的)某⼀时期;成年;⽼年(v.)(使)变⽼;变旧,成熟(中考词汇)(2003年-阅读4)(有学者认为，“aɡe-年龄、时期”由“staɡe-阶段,时期”简写⽽来，后引申为“成年、⽼年”。
) 1个派⽣词： aɡinɡ ['eidʒiŋ](n.)⽼化(超纲词汇)(2012年-阅读2)(inɡ-名词后缀) population [,pɔpju'leiʃən](n.)⼈⼝;(某地域的)全部居民(中考词汇)(2003年-阅读4、2006年-阅读1、2008年-阅读3、2010年-阅读3、2013年-阅读3、2015年-完型)(popul=people-⼈民，ation-名词后缀→由“⼈民”引申为“⼈⼝、全部居民”) 考点搭配：aging population ⽼年⼈⼝，⼈⼝⽼龄化(2003年-阅读4) 1个扩展词： populate ['pɔpjuleit](vt.)居住于;移民于,殖民于(超纲词汇)(2007年-阅读2)(该词是“population-⼈⼝,全部居民”的动词形式，ate-动词后缀→由“居民”引申为“居住于”。
2018考研英语长难句解析（62）
1. While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category.2.“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.(原⽂) 长难句解析(切分以后：) 1.women are still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, 2.But women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. 3.“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.1. Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.2.In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.(原⽂) 长难句解析(切分以后：) 1.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that … 2. Sex hormones somehow affect the stress response. 3. It causes females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. 4. In several of the studies, stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed 5. Their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.1. Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress.2.“It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well.3.It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda.4.“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes,5.“it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”(原⽂) 长难句解析(切分以后：) 1. Woman’s stress chemicals increase. 2. Her “opportunities” for stress increases. 3.“It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. 4. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. 5.“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, 6. “it’s just that they’re dealing with many more things. 7. So they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”1.Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes.2.“I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature.3.Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress.4.Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence.5.The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”(原⽂) 长难句解析(切分以后：) 1.Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. 2.“I think that… 3. women are exposed to those kinds of things 4. Those things tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. 5. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. 6. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. 7. women are exposed to the kinds of interpersonal violence 8.Those kinds of interpersonal violence tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, 9. And they tend not to be one-shot deals. 10. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.” Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.”Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”(原⽂) 长难句解析(切分以后：) 1. Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son. 2. But she was determined to finish college. 3. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. 4. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” 5. Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. 6. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. 7. I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of findingways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.(原⽂) 长难句解析(切分以后：) 1. Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. 2. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and 3. And Most women today feel the strain. 4. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress 5. (Before) it threatens your health and your ability to function.。
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（60）
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（60）
In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess
地点状语主语谓语
analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to
宾语从句同位语
problem solving and life success.
译⽂：在斯滕伯格写的⼀篇题为《智商测试有多准?》的⽂章中，他指出传统测试能够很好地评估分析能⼒和语⾔能⼒，但却难以衡量创造⼒和实⽤知识，⽽这些因素对于解决问题和取得成功也很关键。
分析：该句的主⼲是…Sternberg notes that…。
其中notes是谓语，后⾯由that引导的内容是notes的宾语从句。
该从句包含两个由but连接的分句，两个分句的主语都是traditional test，谓语动词分别是assess和fail。
Components…life success是creativity and practical knowledge的同位语，其中also critical to…是components的后置定语。
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（41）
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（41） In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work. 译⽂：有关科学研究的理想化说法是——关于世界万物的真相正等待着客观的研究⼈员去观察和收集，这些研究⼈员会⽤科学的⽅法来开展他们的⼯作。
分析：本句的主⼲为…facts…are waiting to be observed and collected…。
In the idealized version of how science is done为整个句⼦的状语，其中介宾结构of how science is done是version的后置定语，包含⼀个从句how science is done做介词of的宾语。
about the world为主语facts的后置定语，不定式的被动语态结构to be observed and collected…做are waiting的宾语。
who use the scientific method to carry out their work为定语从句，修饰researchers。
【词汇指南】 摘⾃《⼗天搞定考研词汇》(王江涛、刘⽂涛) idealize[ai'diəlaiz](vt.)(使)理想化;理想化地描述(或反映)(ideal-理想的，ize-动词后缀→ (使)理想化;理想化地描述(或反映)) 1个派⽣词： ●idea [ai'diə](n.)想法;思想(中考词汇)(2013年-完型)(id=mind-头脑,智⼒;想法，ea=bear-出⽣,产⽣→想法;思想) 考点搭配：have no idea 不知道(2011年-阅读1) version ['və:ʃən](n.)译⽂;译本(CET-4)(2007年-阅读2、2012年-阅读3、2013年-阅读1、2013年-阅读2)(ver-词根,转,滚,拧,扭，s=say-说，ion-名词后缀→转变说法、⽤另外的语⾔“说”出来——即“译⽂;译本”。
2018年考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（54）
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（54）
However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it
连词1 主语从句1 连词2
stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
主语从句2 定语从句系动词插⼊语表语
译⽂: 然⽽,这种公平意识究竟是卷尾猴和⼈类各⾃进化⽽来的,还是源于⼆者3500万年前的共同祖先,⽬前还没有答案。
分析: 本句的难点在于认清句⼦的主语。
本句的主⼲为主系表结构：...whether ...or whether ...is...an unanswered question ，主语是两个并列的主语从句，均由whether引导。
主语从句2中，主语it 指代主语从句1中的主语a sense of fairness ，本从句中还含有that 引导的定语从句，修饰先⾏词the common ancestor。
2018年考研英语：长难句练习及解析
2018年考研英语：长难句练习及解析 It is much easier to say “Great idea!” when a terrific solution has been put forward by someone on your team, than it is to take the time to explain why an employee’s favorite brainchild isn’t going anywhere except the circular file. 【核心词汇】 terrific a.极好的，很棒的 solution n.解决方案，溶液 favorite a.最喜爱的，中意的 put forward提出 brainchild点子，想法 circular file废纸篓 【结构分析】 本句成分复杂。
以逗号为切入点，得到一个比较级结构It is much easier to say “Great idea!” ...than...。
It是形式主语，前半部分的真正主语由不定式结构to say “Great idea!”...充当，这里包含一个when引导的时间状语从句when a terrific solution has been put forward by someone on your team，使用了被动语态的现在完成时，在翻译时，我们将状语提前，且化被动为主动。
后半部分真正主语为to take the time to explain...，explain后的宾语是why引导的宾语从句why an employee’s favorite brainchild isn’t going anywhere except the circular file。
【参考译文】 当团队中的某个人提出极好的解决方案时，说“好主意”要比花时间解释为什么一个职员最喜欢的想法最终被抛弃容易得多。
2018考研英语：长难句练习及解析
2018考研英语：长难句练习及解析 Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations. 【核心词汇】 involve v.涉及，卷入 professional n. 专业人员a.专业的，职业的 spread v.伸展，延展 corporation n.企业，社团，GS 【结构分析】 本句主干是this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional，这里的主语this指的是文章中的professional training，接着的地点状语in a country，其中country后面带了两个定语，前一个是形容词性的短语as large as ours，后一个是where引导的定语从句where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations，而这个从句的主语the economy有两个谓语动词is和involves，后面都用了相似的结构so many，表示强调。
【参考译文】 此外，在我们这么大的一个国家里，经济延展到这么多的州，涉及这么多的国际GS，因而要培养出所需数量的各类专业人员是不太可能的。
tips:感谢大家的阅读，本文由我司收集整编。
仅供参阅！。
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析(85)
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（85）2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（85）New ways of organizing the workplace — all that re-engineering and downsizing — are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.译文：企业重组的新方法——所有那些重新设计和缩小规模的做法——只是一个经济组织生产力提高的部分原因。
很多其他因素也在起作用，如对机器设备的投资、新技术，以及对教育和培训的投资。
分析：这个句子看似庞大，分析之下就简单了。
先找出核心句：New ways are one contribution，再来看其它部分：new ways后面of organizing the workplace限定了new ways的内容;破折号之间的部分是进一步说明new ways of organizing the workplace的一些具体内容;contribution后面的to接的是名词宾语，这之后有一个which引导的定语从句，修饰的是前面的名词an economy。
在这个定语从句中by后面的宾语是factors，后面的such as跟随的三个名词短语就是列举的内容。
【词汇指南】new [nju:](adj.)新的;新近出现的(中考词汇)(有学者认为，ne=nat-词根,出生，w=well-水井;涌现→涌现出来的、新出生的——即“新的;新近出现的”。
2018考研英语长难句解析：每日一句(82)_毙考题
解析：
while引导让步状语从句，其意思是虽然。不定代词one指代名词短语definition of
history。that引导定语从句，修饰one。
参考译文：
几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定，但现代史学家的实践最趋向于认为历史学是试图重现过去的重大史实并对其做出解释。
二、长难句训练题解析
1、
解析：
during the Second World War介词短语作状语;when several governments came to the
conclusion … foreseen in detail做定语修饰the Second World War; that the specific
2、
解析：
Of course介词短语作状语;
从属连词when引导的从句it leaves the resolution of its ethical quandaries to the
reasoned judgment of its citizens rather than the regulatory authority of the
5、While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are
historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as
the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.
made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of
2018考研英语长难句解析（二）
The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth. 词汇突破： 1.environmentalist 环保主义者 2.Inevitably 不可避免的 3.depletion of the ozone layer 臭氧层破坏(这属于是环保的标配词汇) 4.consequences of industrial growth ⼯业增长的后果 5.critics 批评 6.pioneer 先驱 7. question 质疑 8. argue 认为 结构分析： 共两句，第⼀句⽐较简单就不解析了。
The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. 环保主义者们不可避免地对这样的批评做出了回应。
第⼆句：主⼲识别： argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, = Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University argues 主谓充当的插⼊语： The true enemies of science are those 其他成分：a pioneer of environmental studies, 同位语 who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth. 定语从句 翻译点拨： 切分之后调整语序(按中⽂习惯) 1.Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University (is)a pioneer of environmental studies, 2.Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University argues 斯坦福⼤学的Paul Ehrlich是环境研究⽅⾯的先驱， (这样诡异的不知道读⾳的⼈名在考场上⼀般就直接抄英⽂)他认为， 或者翻译为： 环境研究⽅⾯的先驱之⼀，斯坦福⼤学的Paul Ehrlich认为， 3. The true enemies of science are those 科学真正的敌⼈是这样⼀些⼈。
2018年考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（26）
2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析（26） Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. 译⽂：没⼏个美国⼈将这⼀巨变单纯归因于美元贬值或商业周期循环这些显⽽易见的原因。
对⾃⾝的怀疑已被盲⽬乐观所取代。
分析：attribute... to...将……归功或归咎于……。
solely作状语修饰attribute，this指代上⼀句中的five years of solid growth，此外as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle作宾语such obvious causes的补语。
【词汇指南】 摘⾃《⼗天搞定考研词汇》(王江涛、刘⽂涛) American[ə'merikən](adj.)美国的;美洲的(n.)美国⼈;美洲⼈(中考词汇) 2个派⽣词： ●non-American(n.)⾮美国⼈(超纲词汇)(2008年-阅读3) ●Asian-American(n.)亚裔美国⼈(超纲词汇)(2006年-阅读1) solely ['səulli](adv.)单独地,地;仅仅,完全(CET-4)(2010年-阅读1)(ly-副词后缀) 5个扩展词： ●sole [səul](adj.)单独的,的;专⽤的,独占的(n.)脚底,鞋底(CET-4)(sol-词根,单个,⼀个，e-尾缀→单独的,的——引申为“专⽤的,独占的”。
) ●solid ['sɔlid](adj.)固体的,实⼼的;坚固的(n.)固体(中考词汇)(2010年-阅读3)(sol-词根,单个,⼀个，id=ed-形容词后缀,的→凝固在“⼀”起、成为“⼀个”的——即“固体的,实⼼的”,引申为“坚固的”以及“固体”。
2018考研英语阅读理解中长难句的分析（六）
This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet. 词汇解析：discrimination 歧视；alphabet 字母表 主⼲识别：this refers to discrimination against those +定语从句。
其他成分：for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage 为插⼊语，改写为for those who are unaware of such a disadvantage as yet 理解起来会⽅便很多；as yet ⾄今; whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet 为定语从句。
微观解析：若是句⼦中的插⼊语理解起来有困难，不妨试着改变它的句式结构，将长定语还原为定语从句，⽽这种⽅法的逆向思维可以与写作相结合，使⽂章的句式更加灵活多变。
翻译：对于那些还不了解这种危害的⼈来说，它指的是对姓⽒⾸字母位于字母表后半部分的⼈的歧视 From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. 单词解析：democratic民主的；populist平民主义的 主⼲识别：our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything+定语从句。
2018年考研英语：长难句解析(2)
2018年考研英语：长难句解析(2)在复习考研英语阅读的时候，大家最怕的就是长难句。
那么，怎样才能攻克考研英语长难句这只拦路虎呢?要想长难句不再难，方法之一就是在复习的时候，多多练习一些经典的考研英语长难句。
俗话说：熟能生巧!一种句型，当你练习了几遍，考试时看到同样的句型，也就知道该如何作答了。
考研英语长难句训练题：507、Darwin was convinced that the loss of thesetastes was not only a loss of happiness, but mightpossible be injurious to the intellect, and moreprobably to the moral character.508、Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed insuch institutions as the special preserve of lawyer,rather than a necessary part of the intellectualequipment of an educated person.509、Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in anumber of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer under-graduate degrees inlaw.考研英语长难句解析：第507题：【分析】复合句。
主句主干为Darwin was convincedthat…。
that引号宾语从句，其中包含一个notonly…but(also)…结构，翻译时可顺译。
【点拨】1、was convinced应译作“深信”。
2018考研英语真题之长难句翻译及解析1
2018考研英语真题之长难句翻译及解析(一)1. Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.【译文】有些哲学家论证说，权利只存在在于社会契约中，是责任与权益相交换的一部分。
【析句】 Some philosophers argue是句子的主干，宾语是一个从句，介词短语as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements是rights的后置定语。
【讲词】 social contract意为“社会契约”，也可译为“民约论”或“社会契约论”，指社会成员之间或政府与人民之间确定和限制各自权利和义务的协议。
duty意为“义务，职责”，与obligation和responsibility同义。
obligation通常指特定原因而产生的具体限制，responsibility强调履行义务，duty指出于道德或伦理的考虑而受到的限制。
entitle的基本意思是“给……题名,给……称号;给予……权利; 使……有资格(做某事)”。
I think she is entitled to praise.(我看她值得赞扬。
)The book is entitled Natural Cancer Treatments.(这本书的名称是《癌症自然疗法》。
)The civil servants in our country are entitled to free medical care.(我们国家的公务员享受免费医疗。
)而entitlements意为“权利”。
2. Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.【译文】事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。
2018考研英语阅读真题长难句解析
2018考研英语阅读真题长难句解析店铺考研网为大家提供2018考研英语阅读真题长难句解析，更多考研资讯请关注我们网站的更新!2018考研英语阅读真题长难句解析This development — and its strong implication for US politics and economy in years ahead —has enthroned the South as America's most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation's head counting.译文：这一发展——以及它对今后几年美国政治经济的强大影响——使南部在美国人口普查史上第一次成为人口最密集的地区。
分析：首先不看破折号之间的内容，找出这个句子的主干：This development has enthroned the South as region。
再看各个部分的修饰成分：主语后面的破折号之间是对主语的补充，即this development产生的另一种暗示，注意其中介词for和in的用法;然后看region后面的状语for the first time in the history(有史以来第一次)。
词汇指南strong [strɔŋ](adj.)强壮的,强大的;强硬的;强烈的(中考词汇)(st-词根,站立，ronɡ=wronɡ-错误的(地) → 从“错误”失败的阴影中“站立”起来、从哪跌倒从哪爬起来的、越来越强大的——即“强壮的,强大的”，引申为“强硬的”和“强烈的”。
)2个派生词：● strenɡth [streŋθ](n.)力量,力气;实力;优点,长处(高考词汇)(2013-完型-10)(该词是stronɡ的名词形式;其中，strenɡ=stronɡ-强壮的,强大的，th-名词后缀→ 力量,力气——引申为“实力”和“优点,长处”。
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2018考研英语阅读真题中长难句解析
来源：智阅网
长难句历来是考研英语的难点，今天我们选取了历年考研英语真题中的长难句，来进行分解，词汇的强化记忆等，希望对考生们有所帮助。
( 1999年真题Section III Reading ComprehensionText5第1段第7句)The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens, the moon and the planets.
译文：苹果向下落到地面不是向上飞到树上，这一事实回答了他长期以来一直对天空中更大果实——月球和行星所存有的疑问。
分析：这个句子的主干是The fact answered the question。
复杂之处在于主语fact跟了一个同位语从句，解释的是fact的内容，注意这个从句中and省略了与前面相同的主语谓语the apple fell;后面的宾语带了一个定语从句，这个从句的引导词that或者which 省略了，about短语是对question的解释，those larger fruits of the heavens指的就是the moon and the planets。
词汇指南:
toward(s) (prep.)向;对于;接近,将近(中考词汇)(2013年-阅读1)(to-去,往;靠近，ward(s)-后缀,表示“向…,朝…”→一再地向…靠近、往…靠近——即“向;对于;接近”。
)
tree [tri:](n.)树,树木(中考词汇)(tr=turn-转动,引申为“年轮”，ee-眼睛→用眼睛就能看到“年轮”的东西——即“树,树木”。
) 2个扩展词：
trim [trim](vt.)修剪,修整(adj.)整齐的,端正的(CET-4)(tr=tree-树木，tom-词根,切,割,剪→修剪树木——即“修剪,修整”，引申为“整齐的,端正的”。
)
trunk (n.)树干;大衣箱,皮箱(高考词汇)(tr=tree-树木，unk=bulk-体积;大块→大块、粗大的树木——即“树干”。
而该词之所以还表示“大衣箱、皮箱”，则源于“大衣箱”与“树干”在某种程度上很相似、皆为宽大厚重之物。
)
about(prep.)关于;在…附近;在…周围(adv.)在四周,在附近(中考词汇)(ab-远离,离开，out-出去,向外→离开(原有位置)、出去了、在其外围→在…附近;在…周围)
1个扩展词：
about-face (n./v.)向后转;(态度、举止、观点等的)彻底改变(2010年-阅读2)(about-周围，face-脸→把脸转一周、转向后面——即“向后转”，引申为“(态度、举止、观点等的)彻底改变”。
) moon[mu:n](n.)月球,月亮;卫星(中考词汇)(mo-move，on-摘取自“Luna-月亮女神”中的“un”部分→源于夜幕降临之时，便是月亮女神Luna升入天空、移动飞行的时刻。
)
1个形近词：
moan(n.)呻吟声;悲叹声(v.)呻吟;悲叹,抱怨(CET-4)(2010年-阅
读4)(有学者认为，“moan”一词具有拟声色彩，其发音很像人“呻吟”时所发出的声音，请读者体会其发音。
)
1个扩展词：
mournful (adj.)悲恸的,悲哀的;忧伤的(超纲词汇)（mourn=moan-呻吟,悲叹，ful-充满的→充满悲叹痛苦的——即“悲恸的,悲哀的;忧伤的”。
）
上面我们通过一个真题中的长难句为例，对句子结构进行解析，词汇的扩展，进而教会我们如何去应对这些长难句。
何凯文老师编写的《考研英语长难句解密》这本书对长难句进行了分析，给出了应对的方法和技巧，希望考生们可以好好利用。