高中英语必修四Unit3知识归纳
高中英语人教必修四：Unit3SectionⅢGrammar—动词ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语
即时演练 3 3－1．用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①(全国卷Ⅱ改编)They use computers to keep the
traffic running (run) smoothly．
②(辽宁高考改编)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog
自主探究
(1)动词ing 形式可在句中作 表语 (句⑦)。 (2)动词ing 形式可在句中作 定语 (句②、③、⑤)。 (3)动词ing 形式可在句中作 宾语补足语 (句①、④、
⑥)。 (4)由句②和句③可以看出单个现在分词作定语时要放在
它所修饰的名词之 前 ；现在分词短语作定语时放在它所 修饰的名词之后 。
即时演练 2 2－1．用所给动词的适当形式填空
①Our school went on an organized (organize)
trip last week．
②He said if we had any questions to ask (ask),
he would help us． ③(山东高考改编)There's a note pinned to the door
following (follow) them．
3－2．完成句子
③I suddenly felt myself being hit by a heavy
fist． 我突然感到自己被重重地打了一拳。
④His question has set me thinking ．
他的问题让我深思。
⑤We shouldn't keep our lights burning in the
人教版高中英语选择性必修四 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION 单元核心素养整合
Ⅲ.重点句型 1.be to+动词原形,表示将来 The aim of this initiative __i_s___ _t_o___encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas,and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world. 这个倡议的目的是鼓励沿着古代丝绸之路地区的合作和贸易, 加强中国和世界其他地方的联系。
词汇串记 Recently our class had a heated discussion on whether the sea is worth exploring.Students hold different ideas about it. 30% of us think sea exploration is not worthwhile,holding the opinion that it will pollute the underwater conditions,leading to creatures being destroyed,such as corals,shells,fishes and so on.Some people hunt marine animals without mercy,causing them to die out.
Ⅴ.功能意念
Expressing Sequence First(ly),...首先,…… Second(ly),...其次,…… Third(ly),...再次,…… First of all,...首先,……
Then/After that/Afterwards/Next/Later on...然后/在那之后/ 后来/接下来/随后…… In the end/At last,...最后,…… At that time...那时候…… It began when...开始于…… Meanwhile...同时…… Later...随后…… Finally...最后……
高中英语必修四unit3词汇短语详解
• • • • • • • • • •
11.adj. 无家可归的 11.homeless 12. moustache 12.n. 小胡子 13.adj. 用旧/破烂的 13.worn 14.n. 失败（者） 14.failure 15.overcome 15.v. 战胜;克服 16.leather 16.n. 皮革 17.chew 17.v.嚼碎;咀嚼 18.convince 18.v. 使信服 19.adj. 令人信服的 19.convincing 20.v.导演,指示,指挥 20.direct
Unit 3 A taste of English humour
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1.adj. 满足的 n. 满足 1. content 2.n. 表演者/演出者 2.performer 3.astonish 3.v. 使惊诧 4.adj. 令人惊讶的 4.astonishing 5.adj. 幸运/吉利的 5.fortunate 6.unfortunately 6.adv. 不幸地 7.adj. 平常的,普通的 7. ordinary 8.bored 8.adj. 厌烦的 9.entertain 9.v. 使欢乐,款待 10. prep. 遍及;贯穿 10. throughout
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21. adj.杰出的 21.outstanding 22.Switzerland 22.n. 瑞士 23.n./v. 姿态;手势 23.gesture 24.adj.特殊的 n.细节 24.particular 25.n. 时刻,场合 25.occasion 26.n. 预算,开支 26.budget 27.actress 27.n. 女演员 • 28.v.& n.滑动;幻灯片28.slide • 29.直到现在 29.up to now • 30.对…满意 30.be content with
人教新目标高中英语必修四Unit3单元知识点归纳总结
人教新目标高中英语必修四Unit 3 A taste of English humour一、考点单词1content adj.满意的，满足的n. 满足，满意；内容，含量vt.使满足【活学活用】(1) She is content to (感到满足) stay at home looking after her children.(2) He is content to remain where he is now (安于现状)．(3) We had the chance to play golf to our heart's content _ (尽情地)．3entertain vt.&vi.使欢乐；款待(1) Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner (设宴款待了我们) last night.(2) He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes(用故事和笑话)．(3) You work hard to keep _everyone entertained (每个人开心), and you enjoy it asmuch as they do.5direct vt.导演；指示；指挥adj. 直的；直接的；直率的adv.直接地【活学活用】(1) He _was directed to (被指引到) a table beside the window just now.(2) Tim stands on the bends _directing the traffic (指挥交通) every day.(3) Before taking the medicine you must _read the directions (看用法说明) on the bottle.(4) [2011·湖北卷] Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful，butthey may also ________ our thinking.A．direct B．Limit C．change D．improve10whisper n．耳语；低语vt.&vi.低声说；私谈；密谈【活学活用】(1) He _is whispering to (正向……耳语) his neighbor.(2) His adventures _have been whispered (私下传) everywhere.(3) It's whispered that (有私下传闻) he may resign.(4) She said it _in a whisper/in whispers (低声地), so I didn't hear.11convince vt.使确信；使信服【活学活用】(1) He tried to make them _convinced of (相信) the safety of travelling by airplane.(2) Only by presenting facts and reasoning things out _can we be convinced(我们才能信服)．(3) It was what my parents said __that convinced me (让我相信) that I had made a wrong decision.(4) _Convinced of (相信) the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it.二、考点短语1badly off穷的；缺少的(比较级worse off, 最高级worst off)【活学活用】(1) Though he is always wearing old clothes, he is _not as/so badly off (并不是那么穷) as you think.(2) In fact most people are _better off (更富裕) than they were five yeas ago.3pick out(to choose or select)挑出；(distinguish)辨别出；领会(1) She __was/is picked out from thousands of applicants for the job.(2) We'll _pick up where we finished yesterday.(3) She soon _picked up French when she went to live in France.(4) Pick out those books that you'd like to read.4cut off(to shut off)切断(水、电、煤气等)供应；断绝用cut相关短语的适当形式完成句子(1) I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were _cut off(2) The ship cut her way through the wave.(3) Cutting down costs is a good way to make profits.(4) Don't hesitate to cut out the useless information in your passage.三、考点句式1.（现在分词作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中”，而不定式作结果状语常表出乎意料的结果）（1）She fell off the bike, breaking her left leg.（break)她从自行车上摔了下来，摔断了左腿（2）The old scientist died, leaving the project unfinished.（leave）那位老科学家去世了，留下了未完成的项目。
人教版高中英语必修四 Unit3 A tasteof English humour-词汇篇(学生版)
人教版高中英语必修四 Unit3 A tasteof English humour-词汇篇（学生版）face.他对这次竞赛中获得第二名很满意，因此脸上露出了满意的微笑。
2. break into强行进入，破门而入；撬开(汽车等)；突然开始(笑、哭)break away from摆脱；脱离，背叛(政党、国家等) break down出故障；失败；垮掉break in强行闯入，打断break out爆发；突然发生break through突围；突破break up粉碎；结束；散开；(学校)期终放假break off断开；停顿；突然中止E.g. The thief broke away from the police and ran into the woods.小偷摆脱了警察跑进了树林。
E.g. Don't break in while others are speaking.别人讲话时不要插话。
E.g. The car I was in broke down, so I had to walk home.我坐的车抛锚了，所以我不得不走路回家。
E.g. A big fire broke out in the town last night.昨天晚上镇里着了大火。
E.g. The meeting broke up without a result.会议没有得出结果就结束了。
E.g. Strong will can almost break through everything.顽强的意志几乎可以战胜一切。
3. persuade/convincepersuade 着重利用督促、劝告来感动和影响听者，使其愿意相信某事或参与某种行为E.g. I persuade him to quit smokingconvince指用理论、证据等理智方面的因素使别人相信4. as/withAs (conj.)随着，常用来引导时间状语从句With(prep.)随着，后接名词或复合宾语，不引导从句E.g. He gave me so many facts that convinced me.三、要点梳理1. content(1)adj.满足的；满意的①We shouldn't be content with the achievements already gained.我们决不能满足于已取得的成绩。
2019外研版高中英语选择性必修四Unit3 单元知识梳理
Unit3 单元知识梳理一、重点单词1. glorious adj.辉煌的①________辉煌的胜利②________光辉灿烂的景色③________落日余晖④________使……光荣，使……荣耀⑤________踌躇满志，在某人的鼎盛时期⑥________虚荣⑦The precious memories rushing b ack，swift as the tide, I longed to walk again in the house where I once had ________ ________ ________ in my childhood.珍贵的记忆如潮水般快速涌回脑海，我渴望再一次走进曾经有我童年美好篇章的房子。
答案：① a glorious victory ② a glorious view③sunset glory ④make glory ⑤in one’s glory⑥vain glory ⑦ a glorious chapter2. boast v.（地方、机构等）自豪地拥有（好的事物）①________自豪地拥有一个完善的游泳池②________夸耀；吹嘘；自夸③________吹牛④________虚夸不实的言辞⑤There are probably few things to do voluntarily that are as scary on earth, but parachuting will be really cool and it’s definitely something you ________ ________ ________ the event in the face of others.世界上可能没有别的令人恐惧的事情让人自愿地去做。
但是，跳伞相当酷，绝对能成为你在别人面前吹嘘的一件事。
答案：①boast a fine swimming pool ②boast about/of③boast almost ④boastful words ⑤can boast about /of3. strengthen v.加强②________坚定决心③________恢复体力④________经济实力⑤________意志力⑥________优势与劣势⑦The popularity of au pairs from China ________ ________ ________ by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese.随着越来越多的美国父母想让自己的孩子学中文，中国互惠生也越来越受欢迎。
高中英语Unit3教学知识细解码课件外研版选择性必修第四册
[例 1] The students' work varies considerably in quality. 学生作业的质量相当地参差不齐。 [例 2] The menu varies with the season. 菜单随季节而变动。 [造句] 班级的数目从 25 到 30 不等。 Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.
v.达到最高峰
④March is one of the peak periods for our business. adj.最繁忙的/高峰时期的
2．coverage n．覆盖范围；新闻报道；(保险公司的)保险
①magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics
各种各样的；不同的
for various reasons
由于种种原因
(4)variously adv.
以各种方式；不同地
a variety of/varieties of 后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数
形式；the variety of 后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The school library provides a variety of original works，hoping they will meet the needs of different students. ②The cost has been variously (various)estimated at between ￡10 million and ￡20 million. ③Changes in price normally vary with changes of supply and need. ④Though Lucy and Lily are twins，they varyn that...
人教新目标高中英语必修四unit3单元知识点三点剖析
人教新目标高中英语必修四Unit3单词·巧记·典句·考点slide［sla d］vt. &vi.（使）滑动；（使）滑行n.滑；滑动；幻灯片【巧记提示】slide(滑行)→glide（流水）,在流水上滑行。
【经典例句】The book slid off my knee.书从我膝上滑落。
【考点聚焦】1)过去式：slid；过去分词：slid或slidden；现在分词：sliding。
2)与slide相关的一些短语：slide into（渐渐地；不知不觉地）进入;陷入（某种状态）；let...slide对……放任不管；听任……自然发展3）作“滑”讲时，slide与slip，glide的区别：slide在一个光滑的表面持续地滑动；slip常指意外而不自主地滑动；glide与slide同义，但另有“滑翔”之意。
content [k tent] adj.满足的；满意的n. 满足vt. 使满足【巧记提示】content(满意的)→context（文章脉络）,对文章脉络满意。
【经典例句】Her answer seems to content the teacher.看来老师对她的回答很满意。
【考点聚焦】1)近义词：contented；反义词：discontent2)与content相关的一些词组：be (feel)content with以……为满足……；content oneself with 满意于；满足于；be well content to do sth.非常乐意做某事3)content作动词时的用法：content + to do sth.，如：She was not content to remain at home.她不满足于待在家里。
content + that从句，如：I’m more than content that they’ve done everything I asked.他们做了我要他们做的一切，对此我心满意足。
人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 单元重点小结
1. To complete
(complete) the great map of the world was a strong
passion for the people of early civilisations. 2.Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers
本课结束
to reach (reach) out across the sea far into the future.
交际功能
Expressing sequence First(ly),... 首先,…… Second(ly),... 其次,…… Third(ly),... 第三,…… First of all,... 首先,…… Then/After that/Afterwards/Next/Later on... 接下来/后来…… In the end/At last,... 最后,…… At that time... 当时…… It began when... 当……时开始了…… Meanwhile... 与此同时…… Later... 后来…… Finally... 最后……
to search (search)
for sea routes from west to east. 3.These fleets were a sight to behold
(behold) and were in a league
of their own at that time.
4.The aim of this initiative is to encourage (encourage)cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas. 5.Trading has grown greatly in recent years,and will continue to do (do)so in years to come. 6....the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China
译林版高中英语选择性必修第四册 Unit 3 Careers and skills 单元重点回顾
4.Therefore, when it comes to
starting a business on your
own,think before you act!
5.While speaking,make constant eye contact but do not stare fixedly at the
11.weigh up
权衡,斟酌
12. commerce n.商业;贸易
commercially adv.商业上地
13.put... on
the line让……处于危险之中
14.take out
a loan取得贷款
pay off the loan还清贷款
15.be qualified to do有资格做
interviewer.
6.Get a good night’s rest so that
you feel and look refreshed.
重点语法
1.Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 2.I don’t know exactly where he lives,except that it’s somewhere out in the wilds. 3.It is suggested that you (should) spend more time in studying English. 4.He asked me the question whether we should give money to the homeless.
(人教版新教材)高中英语选择性必修四单词知识点详解UNIT3 Sea Exploration
新人教版高中英语选择性必修四单词知识点详解UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION1.tale / teɪl/ n. 故事；叙述a fairy /romantic tale 童话/爱情故事t ell the tales of one’s experience 讲述自己的经历2.merchant /ˈmɜːtʃənt/ n. 商人；批发商. adj. 海上货运的a merchant ship 商船3.set sail （for）起航；开航4.extend /ɪk'stend/ vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长Extend your left hand. 伸出你的左手。
an extended family 几代同堂的大家庭e xtend a warm welcome to … 表示热烈欢迎e xtend one’s thanks to 表达诚挚谢意extensive adj. 广阔的；大规模的；广泛的extensive reading/research 泛读/广泛的研究extensively adv. 大规模地；广泛地；全面地（形近）extent n. 程度；范围to …extent 到……程度上5.negotiate /nɪˈɡəʊʃieɪt/ vt. 商定；达成(协议). vi. 谈判;磋商；协商negotiate with sb 同某人商议；协商negotiate for 为……协商negotiate a deal/contract 达成交易/确立合同negotiation n. 协商；谈判negotiable adj. 可谈判的；可协商的6.fleet /fliːt/ n. 舰队；机群；车队7.behold / bɪˈhəʊld/ vt. (beheld, beheld) 看；看见be a sight/joy to behold 壮观的/赏心悦目的景象8.league /li:ɡ/n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛the League of Nations 国际联盟the Communist Youth League of China 中国共产主义青年团a football league 足球联赛9.in a league of one’s own 独领风骚be in a different league 属于不同的级别be out of your league 超出你的能力be in league (with sb) （与某人）暗中合谋10.royal /ˈrɔɪəl/ adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的the royal family 王室；皇族a royal welcome 盛大的欢迎11.spice /spaɪs/ n. (调味)香料12.withdraw / wɪðˈdrɔ/ vi. & vt. (withdrew, withdrawn) (使)撤回；撤离withdraw money 提款withdraw an offer 撤回报价withdraw troops 撤军withdraw a remark 撤回评论withdrawal n. 收回；撤回；取款；脱瘾13.withdraw from 退出；撤回14.channel /ˈtʃænl/ n. 航道；海峡；频道make/cut a channel 开/挖水渠change/switch channels换台the Red channel 有需要报关物品的通道the Green channel 无需要报关物品的通道；绿色通道through the proper channels 通过正当的途径channel of communication 交流的平台v. 把（钱或精力）导向（某一特定目的）；引导channel into15.maritime /ˈmærɪtaɪm/ adj. 海的；海运的；海事的16.bond /bɒnd / n. 纽带；关系one’s word is their bond 一诺千金；言而有信a close/an emotional bond 紧密的联系/情感的纽带a strong lifelong between… 终生的深厚关系vt. & vi. 增强信任关系；使牢固结合bond with sb/sth 与……有关系17.in hand在手头；可供使用18.politics /ˈpɒlətɪks/ n. 政治；政治观点go into politics 从政19.profession /prəˈfeʃn/ n. 职业；行业by profession 作为职业enter/join a profession 加入行业profession 表示“某职业的全体人员；同行；同业”是可数的集合名词，作主语时，谓语动词可以用单数，也可以用复数。
新教材人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit3 Sea Exploration单词短语句型写作汇总
Unit 3Sea ExplorationReading and Thinking...................................................................................................... - 1 - Learning About Language................................................................................................ - 4 - Using Language ............................................................................................................... - 9 -Reading and Thinking要点精研·素养奠基*However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.然而, 来自于东方的商人和探险家比哥伦布从东向西航行早了许多年。
*A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college. 学院成立了一个委员会来组织社会活动。
*She set out with the aim of becoming the youngest ever winner of the championship.她怀着成为有史以来最年轻的冠军的目标出发了。
*News that the claims might be true set off widespread panic. 这一说法可能属实的消息引发了广泛的恐慌。
人教版高中英语必修四Unit3 Life in the future课文全解(常考单词、高频短语和写作句式)
人教版高中英语必修四Unit3 Life in the future课文全解（常考单词、高频短语和写作句式）Ⅰ. 常考单词必背1．aspect n．方面；层面I shall limit myself to three aspects of the subject.我将从三个方面来讨论这个问题。
2．impression n．[C]印象；感觉I am going to do all I can to remove the unpleasant impression you have of me.我打算尽最大努力去掉你对我不好的印象。
[快速闪记](1)have/leave/make a(n)．..impression on sb 给某人留下……印象(2)impress vt.①印；压印②留下极深的印象impress sth on/upon sb/one's memory使某人铭记某事impress sb with sth (某事)给某人留下印象be impressed with/at/by...对……有深刻印象(3)impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的；激动人心的3．constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv.不断地Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.教师为了保持职业能力，必须不断更新知识。
4．previous adj.在前的；早先的He recalled exactly what Bob had told him the previous night.他清楚记得前一天晚上鲍勃告诉他的话。
[快速闪记]in the previous chapter在上一章中previous to在……之前You must collect enough materials previous to your writing.你在写作之前必须收集好足够的材料。
2019外研版高中英语选择性必修四Unit3 The world meets China词汇
Unit3 The world meets China词汇-情景破知识点1 exchange n.交换;交流;互换v.交换;兑换情景导学Amazon has been conducting research that involves digital 3D “scans” of people’s bodies in exchange for a $25 Amazon gift card.亚马逊一直在进行研究，包括对人们的身体进行数字3D “扫描”，以一张价值25美元的亚马逊礼品卡作为交换。
You can exchange your currency for dollars in the hotel.你可以在旅馆把你的钱兑换成美元。
China has exchanged educational activities with more than 180 countries，and they can send students to each other's countries for further study.中国与180多个国家开展了教育交流活动，他们可以互派学生到对方的国家深造。
归纳拓展1.in __________作为交换（……）2. exchange…_______...以……交换……3.exchange sth. _______sb.与某人交换某物链接高考单句语法填空1-1（2017课标全国Ⅱ，阅读理解D，★★☆）So information ______（exchange），but it wasn’t a true，intentional back and forth. 1-2（2017浙江，阅读理解C改编，★★☆）Italy is trying to control a growing Immigrant（移民）population by demanding language skills ______ exchange for work permits，or in some cases，citizenship. 1-3（★★☆）He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby ________ some food.完成句子1-4（★★☆）而且每周他都会打扫“老人McColgin”的鸡舍以换取肥料。
高中英语选择性必修四 Unit3 Sea Exploration高频词汇复习
新人教选修第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration高频词汇复习1.set sail起航;开航sail n.帆vi.航行set sail for=sail for向……航行;朝……航行set sail across/sail across航行穿过……sail into/out of驶入/驶出2.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长extend into扩展至;扩展到extend sth for/till扩展……;扩展至extend sth to sb向某人表达……extension n.延长;延伸3.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议)vi.谈判;磋商;协商negotiate with与……协商negotiation n.协商;商定negotiable adj.可协商的negotiator n.谈判者4.league n.等级;水平;联合会;联赛in a league of one’s own独领风骚at the top of the league顶级的be in the same league同一级别in league with与……密谋;与……结盟out of one’s league某人力所不能及5.withdraw vi.&vt.(使)撤回;撤离withdraw from退出;撤回withdraw sth from...从……取出;从……撤回withdrawal n.撤回;取出6.bond n.纽带;关系vt.& vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合a bond between与……之间的联系a bond with和……联系bond with与……联系7.in hand在手头;可供使用at hand在手头by hand用手;手工hand in hand手拉手give/lend sb a hand给某人帮忙on the one hand...on the other hand...一方面……,另一方面……8.profession n.职业;行为enter/go into/join a profession从事某一职业by profession在职业上;就职业来说professional adj.职业的9.mixture n.混合;混合体;混合物mix...with...把……和……相混合mix sb sth给某人配制某物mix with与……相混合mix up混合起来mixed adj.混合的10.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌vt.称赞;赞赏applaud for为……喝彩applaud sb for sth因某事而赞扬某人applaud the decision赞成某个决定11.tax vt.对……征税;使纳税n.税;税款12.tell apart区分;辨别take apart拆开fall apart破裂;垮掉tear apart撕开apart from除……外13.meanwhile adv.与此同时;(比较两方面)对比之下in the meanwhile/meantime在此期间,与此同时14.migration n.迁徙;迁移;移居migrate vi.迁徙;移动migratory adj.迁徙的;迁移的15.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠show mercy to sb/have mercy on sb怜悯某人at the mercy of...任由……摆布;受……控制It’s a mercy that...……真是万幸。
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Unit3知识归纳词汇1．content n．内容，题材；容量，目录(pl.)；满足(意) adj.满足的，高兴的(一般不用作定语)；甘愿的vt.使……满足归纳拓展(1)be content to do sth.＝be willing to do sth.＝be ready to do sth.愿意做某事(不能用contented 替换)be content that满意……feel/be content with...(＝feel/be satisfied with)对……感到满意/满足(2)content sb./oneself with sth.使……满足于某事(3)with content满足(意)地to one's heart's content尽情地，心满意足地(4)contented adj.满足的，满意的(可作定语)the contented people满足的人们a contented smile满足的微笑注意：content用作形容词充当表语，表示“非常满意”时，只能说be well content，不能说be very content。
同类辨析content与contented这两个词都有“满意的，满足的”之意。
(1)content表示“甘心的，甘愿的”，多用作表语、后置定语或状语，后面可接不定式。
(2)contented 指安于现状，别无他求，有“知足”的意思，一般作前置定语或表语。
2．entertain vt.&vi.使快乐；款待，招待归纳拓展(1)entertain sb.to sth.用……宴客/招待/款待某人(尤指在自己家中)entertain sb.with sth.＝sb.be entertained with sth.用……使某人快乐entertain sb.as...把某人当……招待(2)entertainment n．娱乐活动；款待，招待find entertainment in以……为乐give an entertainment to sb.招待某人give a farewell entertainment to sb.为某人举行欢送会(3)entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的，引人发笑的entertainer n．款待者；表演娱乐节目的人3．convince vt. 使确信；使信服归纳拓展(1)convince sb.of sth./that使某人相信某事convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事归纳拓展(2)convinced adj. 坚定不移的；确信的be convinced of sth./that确信(3)convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的a convincing victory/win大比分获胜同类辨析convince与persuadeconvince和persuade都有“说服”之意，都可用于convince/persuade sb.of sth.和convince/persuade sb.that...结构。
但convince表示用事实或道理等说服某人相信或做某事；而persuade则表示用劝说的方法使人愿意采纳意见或采取行动，侧重以情感人。
I tried to convince them of his innocence.我试图使他们相信他是无辜的。
I finally persuaded him to go to college.我终于说服他去上大学。
4．direct vt.& vi. 导演；指挥；指示adj. 径直的；直接的；直率的adv. 直接地(1)direct sth to/towards sth/sb 把…对准某方向或某人direct sth at/against sth/sbdirect sb.to＋地点给某人指路，为某人领路(2)direction n．方向；方位；指导；指挥in the direction of...朝……方向under the direction of...在……指导下in all directions＝in every direction朝四面八方Was what he said directed at me?他说的话是冲我来的吗？Can you direct me to the post office?请问到邮局怎么走？A policeman stood in the middle of the street，directing the traffic.一名交警站在路中央指挥交通。
同类辨析direct与directly(1)direct指行进中不停步，不绕道，直奔目的地。
directly指以一种直接的方式。
表时间时，指“立刻，不拖延”之意。
(2)direct作副词时，多表示具体的路径，意为“径直地，直接地”；directly作副词时，表示抽象意义，意为“直接地”。
也可作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。
It costs more to fly direct to HongKong.直飞香港的航班票价要高些。
Directly the teacher came in，everyone was quiet.老师一进来，大家都静了下来。
5．whisper n．& v．耳语；私语；谣传；密谈；低声说归纳拓展(1)whisper to sb.与……耳语，向某人小声说whisper sth.in one's ear 附在某人耳朵上说It is/was whispered that...据秘密传言……(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地give sb.the whisper对某人耳语，给某人以暗示6．react vi.作出反应，回应归纳拓展(1)react to对……作出反应react on/upon对……有影响，作用于react against反对；反抗react with sth.＝react together 和某物起化学反应(2)reaction n. 反应；回应chain reaction连锁反应短语或句型1．badly off 穷的；缺乏的；境况不好的归纳拓展(1)be badly off for sth.某物短缺、不够(相当于be short of/lack of)be well off 富裕的；处境好的be well off for sth.某一方面充裕be better off境况较好be worse off更穷；境况更糟(2)worse and worse越来越坏；每况愈下go from bad to worse越来越坏，每况愈下to make matters worse＝(and)what is worse而更糟糕的是2．pick out挑出；辨别出归纳拓展pick up捡起，拾起；用车搭载(人、货物)；(偶然地、无意地)获得(知识、消息等)；学会(语言)；改善，好转；接收(信号等)pick up with sb.结识某人pick on/upon给(某人)找(别扭)；挑剔pick and choose挑三拣四3．cut off 切断(水、电、煤气等)供应；切掉，剪下；(突然)中断；断离(常跟from)归纳拓展cut across 抄近路穿过；径直穿过cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开cut down 砍倒；(疾病等)夺去生命；削减，缩短；毁灭，破坏cut in 插嘴；突然插入；超车cut into halves/pieces 切成两半/碎块cut out 切掉；删掉；割掉；省略cut up 切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心4．Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.卓别林首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。
as if＝(as though)意为“似乎是，好像是”，引导方式状语从句。
表示与当时状况不相符的情况，故使用的是虚拟语气。
归纳拓展(1)在look，seem，sound等系动词后引导表语从句。
(2)可引导方式状语从句。
(3)as if还可用于省略句中。
如果as if引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。
(4)as if从句的语气及时态①as if从句用陈述语气的情况当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句用陈述语气。
②as if从句用虚拟语气的情况当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，其形式如下：a．如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
b．如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had＋过去分词。
c．如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might＋动词原形。
语法动词的ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语动词的ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加ing构成，包括现在分词和动名词。
可以在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语和定语。
下面来看一下动词的ing形式在句中作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。
一、动词ing 形式作表语1．动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what 引导的名词性从句。
作表语的动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语和表语的位置可互换。
The task of this class is practising the idioms.这节课的任务是练习这些习惯用语。
His job is teaching English.他的工作是教英语。
2．现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。
What you said is really inspiring.你所说的真鼓舞人心。
The situation is quite encouraging.形势很令人鼓舞。
二、动词ing 形式作定语现在分词及其短语可以在句中作定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句，其动作和谓语动作同时发生，与其修饰词之间是主动关系，也就是说现在分词的动作就是它修饰的那个词的动作。
1．现在分词作定语的位置现在分词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词前面，现在分词短语作定语通常放在它所修饰的名词后面，可以转换成定语从句。
如果现在分词修饰由some/any/no＋thing/body/one所构成的不定代词或指示代词those时，分词放在这些被修饰词的后面。
注意：动词ing形式的动名词也可作定语，它表示“用作……的”，强调用途与目的，而现在分词作定语强调的是动作。