语法复习-句子成分
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10.The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)
a
10
注意:系动词(Linking verb)用于连接主语和 表语,说明主语的状态,性质特征和身份等。
1)状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词, 例如:
He is a teacher. 2)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况
注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。
a
7
(四)表语
❖ 表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特 征、状态与身份,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等) 之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数 词、 副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短 语及表语从句表示。例如:
Both of us like English. Her father is a chemist. His words sound reasonable.
定语 用来修饰名词或代词
形,代,数,名,
We have eight lessons every day.
副,介词短语或句子
状语
修饰动词,形容词,副词,表 示动作发生的时间,地点,原 因,目的,方式,结果等
a
8
1.Our teacher of English is an American. (名词) 2.Is it yours?(代词) 3.The weather has turned cold.(形容词) 4.The speech is exciting.(分词) 5.Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)
或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如: He always kept silent at meeting. 3)主表要像有系se动em词,用ap来p表ea示r, “lo看ok起, 例来如像:”这一概念, He seems (to be) very sad.
副词,介词短语或句 子
He works very hard. They held a party in Hollywood.
宾语 逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系 补足语
形容词,名词,介词 She always keeps the house
短语等
clean.
主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无!
(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
a
6
(三)谓语
❖ 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特 征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。 谓语的构成如下:
❖ 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:
He practices running every morning.
6.The rich should help the poor.
(名词化的形容词)
a
5
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
aHale Waihona Puke 11注意:系动词(Linking verb)用于连接主语和表 语,说明主语的状态,性质特征和身份等。
4)感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 5)变化系动词表示主语变成什么样,主要有
说明主语做什么,是什么或怎 么样 表示动作行为的对象
与联系动词连用,一起构成谓 语,说明主语的性质或特征
名,代,数,不定 式,动名词,短语或 句子 动词或动词词组
同主语 同主语
We study in HuangQiao Middle School.
She is dancing under the tree.
The plane took off at ten o’clock.
❖ 2、复合谓语: (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:
You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:
We are students.
a
3
二)主语:
❖ 主语 (Subject) ❖ 是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问 词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词 或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数 词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主 语从句等表示。例如:
a
4
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. (名词)
2.We often speak English in class(. 代词)
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)
4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
(不定式)
5.Smoking does harm to the health(. 动名词)
a
9
6.His job is to teach English.(不定式) 7.His hobby is playing football.(动名词)
8.The meeting is of great importance. (介词短语) 9.Time is up. The class is over.(副词)
语法复习----
句子成分
a
1
一、句子成分
❖ (一)句子成分的定义: ❖ 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子
成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有 主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定 语、状语、补足语和同位语。
a
2
句子成分详解表
句子成分
意义
充当词类
例句
主语
谓语 宾语 表语
表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事
a
10
注意:系动词(Linking verb)用于连接主语和 表语,说明主语的状态,性质特征和身份等。
1)状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词, 例如:
He is a teacher. 2)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况
注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。
a
7
(四)表语
❖ 表语(Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特 征、状态与身份,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等) 之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数 词、 副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短 语及表语从句表示。例如:
Both of us like English. Her father is a chemist. His words sound reasonable.
定语 用来修饰名词或代词
形,代,数,名,
We have eight lessons every day.
副,介词短语或句子
状语
修饰动词,形容词,副词,表 示动作发生的时间,地点,原 因,目的,方式,结果等
a
8
1.Our teacher of English is an American. (名词) 2.Is it yours?(代词) 3.The weather has turned cold.(形容词) 4.The speech is exciting.(分词) 5.Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)
或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如: He always kept silent at meeting. 3)主表要像有系se动em词,用ap来p表ea示r, “lo看ok起, 例来如像:”这一概念, He seems (to be) very sad.
副词,介词短语或句 子
He works very hard. They held a party in Hollywood.
宾语 逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系 补足语
形容词,名词,介词 She always keeps the house
短语等
clean.
主语谓语是基础,宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数,动词作谓不可无!
(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
a
6
(三)谓语
❖ 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特 征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。 谓语的构成如下:
❖ 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:
He practices running every morning.
6.The rich should help the poor.
(名词化的形容词)
a
5
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
aHale Waihona Puke 11注意:系动词(Linking verb)用于连接主语和表 语,说明主语的状态,性质特征和身份等。
4)感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft. 5)变化系动词表示主语变成什么样,主要有
说明主语做什么,是什么或怎 么样 表示动作行为的对象
与联系动词连用,一起构成谓 语,说明主语的性质或特征
名,代,数,不定 式,动名词,短语或 句子 动词或动词词组
同主语 同主语
We study in HuangQiao Middle School.
She is dancing under the tree.
The plane took off at ten o’clock.
❖ 2、复合谓语: (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:
You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:
We are students.
a
3
二)主语:
❖ 主语 (Subject) ❖ 是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问 词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词 或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数 词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主 语从句等表示。例如:
a
4
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. (名词)
2.We often speak English in class(. 代词)
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)
4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
(不定式)
5.Smoking does harm to the health(. 动名词)
a
9
6.His job is to teach English.(不定式) 7.His hobby is playing football.(动名词)
8.The meeting is of great importance. (介词短语) 9.Time is up. The class is over.(副词)
语法复习----
句子成分
a
1
一、句子成分
❖ (一)句子成分的定义: ❖ 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子
成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有 主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定 语、状语、补足语和同位语。
a
2
句子成分详解表
句子成分
意义
充当词类
例句
主语
谓语 宾语 表语
表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事