2019高考英语语法专题汇总(二):状语从句
2019届高考英语二轮复习与策略讲练:专题4 语法填空 重点2 从句引导词
重点2| 从句引导词Ⅰ.定语从句的关系词(关系代词和关系副词)用适当的从句引导词填空。
It was late one morning.I don't remember what it was about,but my husband and I had a heated argument.I threw a few things in a small suitcase and left home,not knowing where to go.After driving in circles for several minutes,I stopped at a shop to buy something.At that time,my daughter called me and told me her dad was worried about me.But because my anger hadn't left me,I hung up the phoneimmediately.When I went to my car quickly after finishing my purchase,I found a piece of white paper stuck under my windshield wiper(雨刮器).A truck pulled up beside me before I could see the words on the paper clearly.Hanging out of the window was my husband,beside whom was my lovely daughter.That's why I started laughing.Moved by them,I laughed so hard that I cried.Although/Though I had made great efforts to run away from home,the man who loved me managed to find me.AW:Jack,how have your two sons been doing at school recently?M:Mark never starts studying,and Jason never stops 1 (study).W:You're joking!I have heard that Jason is likely 2 (be) at the top of his class after exams this year.M:Yes,his teachers also think so.He 3 (work) very hard at his books every evening for months on end recently.He is hoping to 4 Harvard University.W:Great.Maybe he'll become a university professor 5 (he) in the future.M:Maybe. 6 sometimes I wish he'd go out and enjoy himself 7 a change.W:Yes...What about the younger one?M:Well,Mark's teachers say he is clever,but he 8 (rare) does his best.He does his homework in ten minutes every day and then 9 (rush) out to play football.W:Perhaps he can make his fortune at football.People can make plenty of money from sports now.M:My wife always worries about his future.W:Perhaps you can have a talk with him now to find out 10 he is thinking about his studies and future plans.M:Good idea.I'll take your advice.这是一段对话,对话围绕Jack的两个孩子的学习情况展开,一个爱学习,一个爱玩。
高考英语考点汇总并列句和状语从句
并列句和状语从句一、并列连词1.表示并列关系的连词:and: 可用来连接两个或两个以上的单词/短语或句子,表示一种顺接的关系。
☞He helps me and I help him. 他帮我,我帮他。
both…and:"两个都……",连接两个并列主语时谓语动词用复数。
☞Both Li Ping and Mary are going to the Great Wall tomorrow.neither…nor: "既不……也不……",连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
连接并列成分作主语时,谓语动词通常与nor后的部分保持一致。
☞Neither he nor I am right.not only…but also: "不仅……而且……",强调后者;引导并列主语时,谓语动词与后面的主语保持一致。
☞Not only the students but also the teacher gives the money to our school.2. 表示选择关系的连词:or:用于否定句中连接并列成分,表示"和,与";用于"祈使句+or+陈述句"中,意为"否则,要不然"。
☞The baby is too young. He can’t speak or walk.either…or…:"要么……要么",连接的并列成分可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。
连接并列成分作主语时,谓语动词通常与or后的部分保持一致。
☞Either Tom is ing or his sisters are. 不是汤姆就是她的姐妹们要来。
3. 表示转折关系的并列连词4. 表示因果关系的并列连词for :so : 4. when 可作并列连词,意为“正在这时”,表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时,突然发生另一动作。
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ be about to do...when...be doing...when...be on the point of doing...when...had just done...when...☞Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.汤姆正要关窗户,这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。
高考英语_并列连词和状语从句
解析 根据空后的or可知,这里填either构成either...or... "……或者……"。
句意:作为一个参观者或者客人,在中国人的家里或者餐馆里,你会发现餐桌
礼仪在我们的日常生活中很有必要。
答案 either
典例2 [2016福建四地六校联考,29]My parents offered me some money, ________, I couldn’t have bought that house. 解析 otherwise表示"否则"。 句意:我爸妈给了我一些钱,否则,我买不了那所房子。 答案 otherwise 3.表示递进关系★★☆
2.表示选择关系★★★ 表示选择关系的并列连词有or, or else, otherwise, either…or…, not…but…等。 例 Be careful about what you say or you may regret it.
当心你讲的话,否则你会后悔的。 例 You can come either on Saturday or on Sunday.
我既没有时间也没钱参加舞会。
4.表示转折关系★★★ 表示转折关系的并列连词有but, yet, whereas等。 例 I would have written before, but I was ill.
我本该早写信的,但我生病了。 例 Some men are rich, while (whereas) others are poor.
命题分析预测 1.今后高考命题的重点仍将是连词and, but, or。 2.状语从句的考查集中在时间状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句等 的引导词上。
A.考点·知识全通关
高考英语语法必考考点(12)状语从句(含解析)
2019年高考英语语法必考考点(12):状语从句含解析李仕才【考点解读】在复合句中,修饰主句或主句谓语的句子叫作状语从句。
状语从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。
状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较和目的等九大类。
一、状语从句引导词列表从句类型从属连词时间状语从句as, after, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as soon as地点状语从句where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere原因状语从句because, since, as, now (that), seeing that, considering that, in that 结果状语从句that, so that, so/such ...that ...目的状语从句so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, for the purpose that条件状语从句if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case, provided that 比较状语从句than, as ...as, not so/as ...as方式状语从句as, as if/though, how让步状语从句though, although, even if/though, however, whatever, as, while【点睛】(1)上述有些连词除了能引导状语从句外,还可引导定语从句和名词性从句。
在使用的时候,要根据句子结构和句意来判别和区分不同的从句,正确使用引导词。
以where为例,试比较下列多种从句的区别。
You are to find it where you left it. (地点状语从句)Tell me the address where he lives. (定语从句,先行词为the address)I don’t know where he came from. (宾语从句)Where he has gone is not known yet. (主语从句)This place is where they once hid. (表语从句)(2)在两个分句间要有一个且只有一个连词,千万不能按汉语习惯。
高考英语语法复习:八种状语从句的用法
高考英语语法复习:八种状语从句的用法状语从句状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。
一、时间状语从句:引导词有after,before,as,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,as soon as,the moment/minute…(一…就),the time,the day,every time,next time,each time,by the time of,no sooner…than(一…就),hardly…when(一…就).例如:Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.每次他来这儿他都顺便看我.He was ill last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他病了.No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一听到这个消息就哭了.[辨析]when与whilewhen引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的,while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的;在“be…when…”句式中when表“at that time(就在这时)”意,这样用的when不能换为while;while有时并不表示时间,而表示对比,意“而”、“却”,when无这样的用法。
例如:When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.[辨析]till与until一般情况下可以互换,但until可以位于句首,till则不能。
2019高考英语:(01)二轮语法学案(状语从句)(练习题配解析或解析)
2019高考英语:(01)二轮语法学案(状语从句)(练习题配解析或解析)本单元的语法重点为状语从句状语从句可分为时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、行为方式、条件、让步、比较九种。
引导这些状语从句的连词主要有:ltislongbefore…(过了好久才……〕ltisnotlongbefore…(过了不久就……)2、till与until(till一般不放在句首)(1)持续性动词(肯定式)+until(直到……为止)(2)瞬间动词(否定式)上until(直到……才)(3)强调句型:Itisnotuntil…that…eg:Iwaiteduntil(till)hehadfinishedhiswork、我一直等到他完成工作。
FIedidn'tgotobeduntil/till1cameback、直到我回来、他才去睡觉。
ItWasnotuntillcamebackthathcwenttobeD、直到我回来、他才去睡觉。
3、since意为“自从……以来”。
since一瞬间动词过去式(从该动作发生时算起)since-一持续性动词的过去式(从该动作结束时算起)eg:Hehasbeenworkingveryhardsinceheenteredthefactory、自从他人厂以来一直努力工作。
4、if与unless都可引导条件状语从句、在许多情况下unless可以与、f…not交换使用。
但在以下情况下不可互换:(1)ifnot引导非真实条件句。
(2)unless从句中可用否定词、在、f…not从句中一般不再用否定词。
eg:I’llgounlessnooneelsedoes、除非没有其他人去我才会去。
5、在so+adj/adv+thatclause中、当把so+adj/adv、部分放在句首时、该句主句应为倒装语序。
eg:Sorapidlydid11cspeakthatwecouldhardlyunderstandhimclearly、他讲得太快、我们很难听懂。
2019-教你玩转高考英语语法 时间状语从句-优秀word范文 (1页)
2019-教你玩转高考英语语法时间状语从句-优秀word范文本文部分内容来自网络整理,本司不为其真实性负责,如有异议或侵权请及时联系,本司将立即删除!== 本文为word格式,下载后可方便编辑和修改! ==教你玩转高考英语语法时间状语从句三大从句是高中最重要的语法点,没有之一。
对于从句的考察贯穿高考英语试卷的始终,从第一个单项听力,到最后的写作。
名词性从句、状语从句以及定语从句三者重要性不分伯仲。
但正如大家知道的,三大之一的状语从句,种类繁多。
时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、让步、条件、比较、方式9种,基本上大家在经历了学校课堂的洗礼后,也都耳熟能详。
殊不知,这9种之中,对于高考来说,重要性的区别是很大的。
考频为证,以201X-201X年5年全国高考18个省市的19套卷子的单项选择题为例,涉及到状语从句的题目共有93道,其中时间状语从句考到了24题,条件状语从句26题。
孰轻孰重,不多赘述。
与名词性从句不同,状语从句最简单也最直接的办法就是牢固掌握相关连词或者连词词组的中文意思。
以时间状语从句为例,需要掌握的连词范围如下:when / while / as / before / after / until / as soon as 。
1、 when : 做当的时候讲,是个尽人皆知的意思,所以高考是不会考到的。
相对的,会考到突然,就在那时的意思,用以表示从句动作发生的突发性。
201X年全国 II 卷7题:Tom was about to close the windows _____ his attention wascaught by a bird .A . whenB . ifC . andD . till。
(完整版)高考英语专题复习状语从句(附答案)
高考英语专题复习状语从句(附答案)I. 考点分析状语从句可用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步等。
1.时间状语从句1) 常见关联词有when, whenever, while, as, before, after 等。
2)注意not…until… 正常结构、倒装结构、强调结构、和until置于句首的用法。
He didn’t go to sleep until he had finished his homework. (正常结构)Not until he had finished his homework did he go to sleep. (倒装结构)It was not until he had finished his homework that he went to sleep.(强调结构)Until he had finished his homework he didn’t go to sleep. (until置于句首)3)表示“一……就……”的连词:once, as soon as, hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than, the minute, the moment, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly4)其他表示时间的短语还有:every time, next time, the day 等。
2.地点状语从句通常由where, wherever引导如:Where there is a will, there is a way.3.原因状语从句1) 通常由because, as ,since引导, 三者区别:because 语气最强,重在交待原因,以why引导的疑问句只能because用来回答;其前可用only, just等词强调;可用在It is…that…强调句型中。
高考英语状语从句重难点
②我正要锁门,这时电话响了。
③我刚锁上门,这时电话响了。
时间状语从句练习一
1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake ______ suddenly the A storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone D patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. while D. when B 3. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden ______ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. that D. until 4. (05福建) -Did Jack come back early last night? -Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock ____ he arrived home. B A. Before B. when C. that D. until 5. (06辽宁) He was about halfway through his C meal ______a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while
★ 例 句 导 入 ★
时间状语从句
地点状语从句
★归纳总结★
九 种 状 语 从 句
原因状语从句
条件状语从句
让步状语从句
结果状语从句
2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破专题10状语从句教学案20190416283
专题10 状语从句【201*年高考考纲解读】状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步状语从句,共9 种,是每年必考的语法项目,主要考查连词的判断选用,主句与从句谓语动词的时态运用。
其中,以对时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和结果状语从句的考查最为频繁。
近几年,重点考查的连词有:when,while,as,before,unless,however等。
近三年,高考有考查状语从句、宾语从句、名词性从句交叉运用的题型出现。
【重点、难点剖析】一、时间状语从句(一)when,while与as引导的时间状语从句1.when,while与as引导时间状语从句的区别连词谓语动词用法点津延续性动词从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发when非延续性动词生while 延续性动词从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生强调主从句动作相伴发生,可译为“一边……一as 延续性动词边……;随着”When they heard the news that Shenzhou Ⅸhad been sent up into space successfully,they jumped with joy.听到“神舟”九号成功发射的消息,他们高兴地跳了起来。
While I was reading,he came in.我正在看书时,他进来了。
The students sang as they walked.学生们边走边唱。
2.while还可以作并列连词,表示对比,意为“而,却”。
Liu Wang is from Shanxi while Liu Yang comes from Henan.刘旺来自山西,而刘洋来自河南。
3.when也可以作并列连词,意为“这时,那时”。
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.1我们正在开会这时突然有人闯了进来。
(二)before与since引导的时间状语从句1.before与since的常用句式连词词义常用句式在……之前,It will (not) be+一段时间+before...(没还未……有)过……时间才befo 就……;It was not long before...re ……才……;不久……就趁……,It was+时间段+before...还没来得及……过了……(时间)才……It is/has been+一段时间+since...(从句用一般since 自从……以来过去时)It was+一段时间+since...(从句用过去完成时) It will be two years before he leaves the country.再过两年他才会离开这个国家。
高考英语高频语法串讲:状语从句[ 高考]
高考英语语法专讲:状语从句一.概念状语从句修饰主句中的动词,形容词,副词等,在复合句中作状语.引导状语从句的关联词是从属连词.状语从句用陈述句语序,一般位于复合句的句首或句末.当从句在句首时,从句后常用逗号和主句相隔.状语从句根据其在句中的不同作用分别表示时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,条件,比较,让步,行为方式等.二.相关知识点精讲1.地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
例如:Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
2.方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (just)as…so…,as if, as though引导。
1)as, (just)as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just)as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体。
例如:Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2)as if, as though两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。
汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的"。
2019高考英语语法专题汇总:定语从句 、状语从句、名词性从句
2019高考英语语法专题汇总:定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句高中阶段的英语学习,其实就是学语法、记单词和研究并熟练题型。
其中,语法是大多数同学最头疼的问题,原因在于其内容之繁杂和零散。
从今天起,小简老师会将高中英语所有语法专题总结在一起,供大家系统学习。
专题一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who 指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意:the same…as 表示同一类,不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
2019年高考英语考点一遍过考点28 让步状语从句 含解析
考点28 让步状语从句高考频度:★★★★★让步状语从句是状语从句中的一种。
一般翻译为"尽管……即使……"就是我们日常生活中用的"退一步说……"的感觉。
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些:though, although, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词,疑问词-ever。
下面对这些连词引导的让步状语从句作一说明。
1. although/though引导的让步状语从句although和though,都作"虽然;尽管"解,通常可以换用,although的语气较重。
如果要强调"但是"语气,可使用yet,still或nevertheless来表示"但是"、"依然"或"然而"之意。
Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him.虽然和她谈了半天,他还是不能让她信任自己。
We had to wait half an hour ________we had already booked a table.A. sinceB. althoughC. untilD. before【参考答案】B2. even if/even though引导的让步状语从句(1)even if引导的让步状语从句even if "即使,纵然",从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。
Even if it rains tomo rrow, we won’t change our plan. 即使明天下雨,我们也决不改变计划。
Even if I failed again, I will not give up the experiment. 即使我再次失败,我也决不会放弃实验。
(2)even though引导的让步状语从句even though"虽然,尽管",从句所表示的是已经发生的动作或存在的情况,通常可以和although/though换用。
高考英语语法——状语从句(共39张PPT)
before意为“在……之前”,表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之后。 after意为“在……之后”,表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。
He had done good preparations before he went to college. After he had tried many times and failed in t=They had hardly fallen in love with each other when they got married.
No sooner had I arrived home than it rained heavily.
8
表示“一……就……”,表示从句动作一发生,主句动作立刻发生。
6
since表示“自从……”,后接时间点,所引导的从句一般要用非延续性 动词,主句多用延续性动词和完成时态。
He has worked at this college since he graduated.
since引导的从句若用延续性动词或状态动词的过去时,则表示该动作 或状态的完成或结束。
It has been five years since he worked here. 他不在这工作已经五年了。 Since he was at school, he has worked in that city. 自从他下学,他就在这个城市工作。
Until all the lights in the street had been off, the boy went home. He appeared until I waited for a long time.(错) He didn't appear until/before I waited for a long time.(正)
高三高考英语语法复习:状语从句(PPT课件)
2
状语从句有哪些类别?
翻译下列句子,指出画线部分状语从句的类别 1.Every_time_I_see_action_movies_acted_by_Jackie_Chan,_I would get excited. 每当我看成龙演的动作片时,我会很兴奋。 Every time I see action movies acted by Jackie Chan 作时间状语。
3. 因为生病,她只好留在家里。句中无状语从句。 Being ill, she had to remain at home.
1
4. There is life where there is water. 有水的地方就有生命。句中where there is water为地点状语从 句。
1
状语从句有两个特征:必须在句中作状语;必须是句子作状语。 因此,在句中作状语,修饰句子或动词等的从句叫状语从句。
2
2. You should have put away the book where_you_took_it. 你应该把书放回原处。 where you took it作地点状语。 3. The higher income tax is harmful in_that_it_may_discourage_people_from_trying_to_earn_more. 所得税高是有害的,它让人不想去赚更多的钱。 in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more作原因状语。
高考英语语法复习之
状语从句
1
什么是状语从句?
翻译下列句子,指出句子中的状语从句 1. Great changes have taken place in China in the last few decades. 最近几十年以来,中国发生Whoever breaks the law shall be punished. 任何违背了法律的人必定受到惩罚。句中无状语从句。
高考英语语法知识点归纳总结:状语从句
状语从句the more …the more…The more you read, the better you understand.你看的书越多,你懂得的就越多。
The more tickets you sell, the more money you willget.你卖的票越多,你的收入也越多。
The harder you work, the greater progress you willmake.你工作越努力,你取得的进步就越大。
The sooner, the better.越快越好。
The warmer, thebetter.越暖和越好。
the more…the more 意思为越…越…,通常的语序为从句在前主句在后,这两个the都是表示程度的副词,用在比较级的形容词或副词前面高考状语从句汇总1.(全国卷I 25). Mary made coffee ________ her guests were finishing their meal.A. so that B although C. while D. as if2.(全国卷I 30). The little boy won’t go to sleep ______________his mother te lls him a story.A. orB. unlessC. butD. whether3.(全国卷II 7). Tom was about to close the windows_____ his attention was caught by a bird.A. whenB. ifC. andD. till4.(安徽卷29). The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, ___they have the interest.A. whereverB. WheneverC. even ifD. as if5.(安徽卷33). Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one ____it becomes available.A. as soon asB. unlessC. as far asD. until6.(北京卷30). they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.A. AsB. WhileC. UntilD. Once7.(福建卷26).The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her .A. beforeB. untilC. asD. since8.(湖南卷32). Tim is in good shape physically__________ he doesn’t get much exercise.A. ifB. even thoughC. unlessD. as long as9.(江西卷22).— Our holiday cost a lot of money.— Did it? Well, that doesn`t matter you enjoyed yourselves.A. as long asB. unlessC. as soon asD. though10.(辽宁卷29). The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife.A. althoughB. unlessC. becauseD. if11.(山东卷28). The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult.A. onceB. whenC. ifD. unless12.(陕西卷20). John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job.A. whenB. afterC. beforeD. since13.(四川卷20). Because of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break she got to her office.A. sinceB. thatC. whenD. until14.(重庆卷32). Today, we will begin we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A. whenB. whereC. howD. what15.(上海卷34). you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problemB. What a serious problemC. However serious a problemD. What serious a problem16.(上海卷39). our manager objects to Tom's joining the club, we shall accept him as a member.A. UntilB. Unless C If D. After参考答案:1-5 CBACA 6-10 DABAC 11-16 DCCBBB。
高考英语语法专题汇总:状语从句(附练习及答案) (很好!!!)
高考英语语法专题汇总:状语从句(附练习及答案)状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、地点、比较、方式状语从句。
1时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有:when, as, while, until, not…until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time 等。
时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。
1.when , while, as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
1) When后既可以接短暂性动词,也可以接延续性动词,表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生。
When I arrived home , I had a little rest.2)As 除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”He sang as he danced.(一面```一面) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。
While we were working, they were having a rest.While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.注意:while 有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。
eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.2.until, not…until表示“直到`才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中常用短暂性动词。
肯定句:I waited until midnight. 否定句:I did not leave until midnight. 注意点:1)not until…在句首,主句用倒装 Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.2) It is not until…that…引导的强调句 It was not until it was dark that he came back.3.Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than, as soon as表示为“一```就```”I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. It began to rain as soon as I got home.2条件状语从句条件状语从句分为两大类:真实条件句(主将从现)和虚拟条件句(虚拟语气)。
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2019高考英语语法专题汇总(二):状语从
句
专题二状语从句
一、时间状语从句
1、when的用法
(1)when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作,可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作,有时还可表示从句动作后于主句,意为当。
时候。
(2)when在be about to do。
when。
,be doing。
when。
,had done。
when。
,be on one’s way。
when。
,be on the point of doing。
when。
等结构中,作那时突然讲。
(3)when 既然、鉴于;尽管,虽然(位于主句之后);如果
2、while的用法
(1)表示当。
时候,引导的动作必须是延续性的。
(2)用作并列连词,表示相对关系然而。
(3)引导让步状语从句,相当于although,意为虽然,位于主句前。
(4)引导条件状语从句,相当于as/so long as,意为只要。
3、as 的用法
(1)表示当。
时候,强调同时发生,不指先后。
(2)说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,表示随着,表示时间的推移。
(3)表示一边。
一边。
(4)强调两个动作紧接着发生。
(5)表示虽然,尽管。
(6)其他含义正如,正像,作为,由于,因为。
4、before的用法
(1)一般意为在。
之前。
才,。
就还没有。
免得不知不觉宁可,宁愿,否则,要不然。
(2)It + will be/was + 时间段+before+一般现在时/一般过去时。
在肯定句中,意为多长时间之后才;在否定句中,意为用不了多长时间就。
5、until和till
(1)与肯定句连用,必须是延续性动词。
(2)与否定句连用,必须是非延续性动词,表示直到。
才,
在。
之前不。
注意:not until可用于强调句和倒装句
强调句:It is/was not untilthat倒装句:not until 放句首时,主句要部分倒装。
6、since的用法
(1)since后是非延续性动词,时间起点从该动作发生算起,意为做某事多久了;since后是延续性动词,时间起点从该动作结束算起,意为不做某事已有多长时间。
(2)It is/has been +时间段+since+一般过去时
7、表示一......就......的句型
(1)as soon as, once,immediately,directly,instantly,the moment,the minute等引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生,常译作一。
就。
,这类从句中,经常用一般现在时态代替将来时态。
(2)on doing sth.或on one’s+名词作时间状语。
8、有些名词和副词可以起连接词的作用,引导时间状语从句。
注意:时间状语从句中不用将来时态。
若要表示将来时间,可用一般现在时态表示。
但when引导名词性从句时,从句中要使用将来时。
二、地点状语从句
1、地点状语从句由where,wherever引导。
注意:where与where的区别:Where表特定的地点,而wherever 表示非特定的地点。
Wherever=to/at any place where
2、地点状语从句与定语从句的区别:
Where引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无先行词。
三、原因状语从句
引导词:because, since,as, now that, not that, but that, seeing that, considering that, in that
注意:for也可以表示原因,属并列连词,但不是说明直接原因,而是对某种情况加以推断,用于表示补充说明理由。
四、目的状语从句
引导词:so, so that, in order that, that, to the end that (以便,为了),in case,for fear that,lest(以免,以防),
目的状语从句中通常有情态动词
can,could,may,might,should,would等。
注意:1、in case 还可表示万一,假如。
2、目的状语从句可以用so as to, in order to 等不定式代替,但主句和从句的主语必须一致。
五、结果状语从句
引导词:so...that(如此。
以至于。
),such...that(如此。
以至于。
),so that(结果是),with the result that(所以,结果是)
注意:
(1)so...that与such...that的区别
So+形容词such+a/an+形容词+单数名词
So+形容词+a/an+单数名词such+形容词+复数名词
So+副词such+形容词+不可数名词
So many/few+复数名词
So much/little+不可数名词
(2)so that引导的目的状语从句与so that 引导的结果状语从句
目的状语从句一般使用情态动词,结果状语从句一般不使用情态动词;
结果状语从句常常用逗号与主句分开。
(3)so...that与so...as;such...that与such...as
So...that/such...that为结果状语从句;so...as/such...as 为定语从句。
六、条件状语从句
引导词:if(如果),unless(除非),if only(只要,但愿),only if(只有),in case(万一),suppose/supposing(that)
(假设),provided/providing(that)(只要,假若),on condition that(要是,在。
条件下),so/as long as(只要),(let's/let us)say(假设)
七、方式状语从句
引导词:as(像。
一样,正如。
),as if/as though(好像,宛如)
注意:1、固定句型A is to B what C is to D.意为A对B而言正如C对D一样。
2、as if, as though引导的从句若与事实相反,用虚拟语气;
若与事实相符,不用虚拟语气。
八、让步状语从句
引导词:though/although/as(虽然,尽管),even if/though (即使,尽管),whether/no matter whether...or(not)
(不管。
是否,不管是。
还是)wh-ever/no matter wh-(无论。
)
注意:
(1)though,although,as的区别
A、Though,although的主句中可以用yet, still, nevertheless,但不可使用but。
B、though引导的从句可以倒装,也可以不倒装;as引导的从句必须倒装;although引导的从句不能倒装。
其结构为:形容词/分词/副词/动词原形/名词(无冠词)+as/though+主语+谓语
(2)though可用作副词,放在句末,意为不过,但是。
Although 无此用法。
(3)某些短语也引导让步的从句或短语,意为尽管,如:in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that, regardless of(the fact that)
九、比较状语从句
引导词:as...as(和一样),not as/so...as(和不一样),than (比),the more...the more...(越越)
十、状语从句中的省略问题
1、在状语从句中如果主语与主句的主语一致,同时从句中又含有系动词be,则通常可省去从句的主语和系动词be,留下其余部分。
2、若状语从句中主语是it, 动词是系动词be, 则通常可省去主语it及系动词be,留下其余部分。