材料参数

钨合金绝热剪切损伤数值模拟

钨丝集束复合材料穿甲弹芯穿甲过程的数值模拟研究

铀合金动态力学性能的研究

保护罩破坏机理的分析及改进设计

Lead, Pb

Density 11.34 g/cc 0.4097 lb/in³

Molecular

Weight

207.2 g/mol 207.2 g/mol

Hardness,

Brinell

4.2 4.2 Cast

Hardness,

Vickers

5.00 5.00

Tensile

Strength,

Ultimate

18.0 MPa 2610 psi

Modulus of

Elasticity

14.0 GPa 2030 ksi

Poissons Ratio 0.420 0.420

Electrical

Resistivity

0.0000208 ohm-cm 0.0000208 ohm-cm

Magnetic

Susceptibility

-1.20e-7 -1.20e-7 cgs/g

Critical Magnetic

Field Strength,

Oersted

802 - 804 802 - 804

Critical Superconducting Temperature 7.19 - 7.202 K 7.19 - 7.202 K 3.55 K at 16.0 GPa

pressure for Pb II

Heat of Fusion 24.1 J/g 10.4 BTU/lb

Heat of

Vaporization

866.313 J/g 372.688 BTU/lb At Boiling Point

CTE, linear 29.1 µm/m-°C

@Temperature 20.0 - 100 °C

16.2 µin/in-°F @Temperature 68.0 - 212 °F

Specific Heat

Capacity

0.100386 J/g-°C 0.0239929 BTU/lb-°F Gas

0.129 J/g-°C 0.0308 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal

Conductivity

33.0 W/m-K 229 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F

Melting Point 327.5 °C 621.5 °F

Boiling Point 1749 °C 3180 °F

Heat of

Formation

0.000 kJ/mol 0.000 kJ/mol Crystal

195.2 kJ/mol 195.2 kJ/mol Gas

Emissivity (0-1) 0.0500 0.0500 Oxidized at 200°C; for

total spectrum

0.630 0.630 Unoxidized; 200°C;

total spectrum Reflection

Coefficient,

Visible (0-1)

0.620 0.620 589 nm

Lead, Pb 100 % 100 %

CAS Number 7439-92-1

Solubility Soluble in concentrated Acid

AISI 4340 Steel, annealed, 25 mm round

Density 7.85 g/cc 0.284 lb/in³

Hardness,

Brinell

217 217

Hardness, Knoop 240 240 Converted from Brinell

hardness.

Hardness, Rockwell B 95 95 Converted from Brinell

hardness.

Hardness, Rockwell C 17.0 17.0 Converted from Brinell

hardness. Value below normal

HRC range, for comparison

purposes only.

Hardness, Vickers 228 228 Converted from Brinell

hardness.

Tensile

Strength,

Ultimate

745 MPa 108000 psi

Tensile

Strength,

Yield

470 MPa 68200 psi

Elongation at

Break

22.0 % 22.0 %

Reduction of

Area

50.0 % 50.0 %

Modulus of

Elasticity

205 GPa 29700 ksi Typical for steel Bulk Modulus 140 GPa 20300 ksi Typical for steel. Poissons

Ratio

0.290 0.290 Calculated

Machinability 50 % 50 % annealed and cold drawn.

Based on 100% machinability

for AISI 1212 steel. Shear

Modulus

80.0 GPa 11600 ksi Typical for steel.

Electrical

Resistivity

0.0000248 ohm-cm 0.0000248 ohm-cm 20°C (68°F)

0.0000298 ohm-cm @Temperature 100 °C 0.0000298 ohm-cm @Temperature 212 °F

0.0000552 ohm-cm @Temperature 400 °C 0.0000552 ohm-cm @Temperature 752 °F

0.0000797 ohm-cm @Temperature 600 °C 0.0000797 ohm-cm @Temperature 1110 °F

CTE, linear 12.3 µm/m-°C

@Temperature 20.0 °C

6.83 µin/in-°F

@Temperature 68.0 °F

specimen oil hardened, 600°C

(1110°F) temper

12.6 µm/m-°C @Temperature 21.0 - 260 °C

7.00 µin/in-°F

@Temperature 69.8 - 500 °F

1.88% Ni, normalized and

tempered

12.7 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 °C

7.06 µin/in-°F

@Temperature 68.0 °F

specimen oil hardened, 600°C

(1110°F) temper

13.7 µm/m-°C @Temperature 250 °C

7.61 µin/in-°F

@Temperature 482 °F

specimen oil hardened, 600°C

(1110°F) temper

13.7 µm/m-°C @Temperature 21.0 - 540 °C

7.61 µin/in-°F

@Temperature 69.8 - 1000 °F

1.88% Ni, normalized and

tempered

13.9 µm/m-°C @Temperature 21.0 - 540 °C

7.72 µin/in-°F

@Temperature 69.8 - 1000 °F

1.90% Ni, quenched,

tempered

14.5 µm/m-°C @Temperature 500 °C

8.06 µin/in-°F

@Temperature 932 °F

specimen oil hardened, 600°C

(1110°F) temper

Specific Heat

Capacity

0.475 J/g-°C 0.114 BTU/lb-°F Typical 4000 series steel