高中英语要考的所有定语从句考点都在这里了!
高考定语从句知识点总结
高考定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语中非常重要和常见的一种语法结构,也是高考中经常考察的知识点之一。
定语从句用来修饰一个名词或代词,起到进一步说明或限制的作用。
本文将结合例子对高考中常考的定语从句知识点进行总结。
一、定义和基本结构定语从句是一个从句,由引导词(也称为关系词)引导并与名词或代词相连,加以修饰。
引导词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词包括:that, which, who, whom, whose。
关系副词包括:where, when, why。
定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/关系副词 + 先行词。
二、关系代词的用法1. that: 用于人或事物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
例句1:The book that you lent me is very interesting.例句2:This is the school that I used to study in.2. which: 用于事物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
例句1:I bought a new computer, which is very expensive.例句2:This is the house which my grandparents lived in.3. who: 用于人,在定语从句中作主语。
例句1:The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.例句2:I know a man who can speak five languages.4. whom: 用于人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例句1:He is the boy whom I met at the party.例句2:She is the teacher whom I respect a lot.5. whose: 用于人或事物,在定语从句中表示所属关系。
例句1:I have a friend whose father is a doctor.例句2:This is the company whose products are very popular.三、关系副词的用法1. where: 用于地点,在定语从句中表示地点。
定语从句高一知识点总结
定语从句高一知识点总结定语从句是高中英语中一个重要的语法知识点。
它能够为主句提供修饰成分,使得句子更加准确、丰富。
下面是对定语从句的高中英语知识点总结:一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个句子,用来修饰一个名词或代词。
它提供了更多的描述和信息,以使主句更加明确。
定语从句可以用来修饰人或物,而且在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语或定语。
二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that2.关系副词:when, where, why三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。
四、关系代词的用法和例句1.用who或that代替修饰人的名词,作为定语从句的主语。
例句:The boy who is reading in the library is my brother.2.用whom或that代替修饰人的名词,作为定语从句的宾语。
例句:The girl whom you met yesterday is my best friend.3.用which或that代替修饰物的名词,作为定语从句的主语或宾语。
例句:The book which I borrowed from the library is very interesting.4.用whose表示所修饰名词的所有关系。
例句:The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police.五、关系副词的用法和例句1.用when表示时间,修饰修饰时间的名词,作为定语从句的状语。
例句:Yesterday was the day when we won the championship.2.用where表示地点,修饰修饰地点的名词,作为定语从句的状语。
例句:Do you remember the place where we had our first date?3.用why表示原因,修饰修饰原因的名词,作为定语从句的状语。
(完整版)高中英语定语从句知识点整理
定语从句(一)定义及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词此后。
2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词相关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等;关系副词有 when, where, why 等。
关系词平时有以下三个作用: A 、引导定语从句; B 、代替先行词; C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
比方:The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.该句中,who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句,修饰先行词the man,“ who是”引导定语从句的关系词,代替先行词the man,在定语从句中作主语。
(二)关系代词引导的定语从句1. who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,当宾语能够省略。
① The boys who are playing football are from Class One.正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
②Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.想去博物馆的人必定在明晨7 点到大门口会集。
③ Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
④That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
2. whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,可省略。
①Mr. Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus.刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上议论的那个人。
(完整版)定语从句知识点大全
(完整版)定语从句知识点大全什么是定语从句?定语从句是英语中常用的一种修饰句子成分的从句形式。
它通常用来修饰名词或代词,在句子中起定语的作用。
定语从句一般由关系代词或关系副词引导,并且与被修饰的名词或代词有一定的关系。
关系代词的用法关系代词用来代替先行词,并引导定语从句。
常用的关系代词有:- who: 指人,作主语- whom: 指人,作宾语- which: 指物,作主语或宾语- whose: 所有格,指人或物- that: 指人或物,作主语或宾语关系副词的用法关系副词用来引导定语从句,并表示地点、时间、原因等关系。
常用的关系副词有:- where: 表示地点- when: 表示时间- why: 表示原因定语从句的形式定语从句可以是限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。
限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对先行词进行限定和修饰的从句,如果去掉,整个句子的意思就不完整或失去了关键信息。
限制性定语从句通常使用关系代词和关系副词引导,关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。
非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明,它对整个句子的意思并不具有限制作用,就算去掉也不会影响主句的表达。
非限制性定语从句通常使用逗号将其和主句隔开,关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。
定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在先行词之后,也可以放在先行词之前。
定语从句的例句- I have a friend who lives in New York.(非限制性定语从句)- The book that you borrowed is on the desk.(限制性定语从句)以上就是关于定语从句的一些基本知识点。
定语从句在英语语法中是一个重要的内容,掌握好定语从句的用法可以有效地提升我们的写作水平。
希望本文对您有所帮助!。
高中英语语法定语从句总结
定语从句总结先行词为人时:关系代词从句中缺主语时,who;that;不能省略从句缺宾语,who; that ;whom,可省略;(介词后只能跟whom)从句缺定语指代’s ,whose先行词为物时:关系代词从句缺主语时,which;that;不能省略从句缺宾语时,which;that;可省略;(介词后只能跟which)从句缺定语指代’s,whose先行词为时间:从句缺时间状语时,关系副词when(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时,which;that先行词为地点:从句缺地点状语时,关系副词where(也可prep+which)从句缺主语宾语时,which;that先行词为reason:从句缺缘由状语时,why / for which从句缺主语宾语时,which;that非限制性定语从句(带,的定语从句)1.As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.2.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented me from going to the park.(which 指代前面这个事)3. He keeps a diary, which everybody knows.(which 指代know的宾语)(1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,which不行。
(2)as常带有“正如”的意思As we know , smoking is harmful to one's health. As is know n, smoking is harmful to one's health. It is known that smoking is harmful. (主语从句) (3)the same… as;such…as 中的as 是固定结构,I have got into the same trouble as he (has).特殊说明:1常考名词的定语从句:case,point,stage,situation;定语从句中主语宾语齐全用where;定语从句中缺主语宾语用which或that2 way做先行词,定语从句中的关系词用that; in which;不填3 用逗号隔开,起补充说明作用的非限制限制性定语从句,无论先行词是什么,都不用that4 众所周知:As is known(to all),…It is known (to all)that5 正如As was reported, (It was reported that)As was announced,As was expected,As we planned,As can be seen,只能用that, 不能用which引导定语从句的状况a)不定代词,如:anything,nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时Finally, the thief handed everythingthat he had stolen to the police.b) the only, the very, the just修饰先行词时He is the very man that helped thegirl out of the water.c)先行词为序数词(the first, the last)数词、形容词最高级时The first English book that heHad read was "Gone with the wind"d)先行词既有人,又有物时He talked about the teachers andschools that he visited.e)关系代词在从句中做表语He is not the man that he used to be.。
英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结
英语语法高中定语从句知识点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。
在高中英语学习中,掌握定语从句的使用方法和规则对于提高语言表达能力和理解能力非常关键。
本文将对高中英语定语从句的知识点进行归纳总结。
一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一个句子,它修饰一个名词或代词,用来给出更多的信息,进一步描述或限定该名词或代词的特定内容。
定语从句可以用来修饰人、事、物、地点等。
它在句子中的作用是为主句提供更多的信息,使句子更具体、更有表达力。
二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:定语从句中常用的关系代词有:- 人:who,whom,whose- 物:which,that,whose- 人或物:as,where,when2.关系副词:定语从句中常用的关系副词有:- 地点:where- 时间:when- 原因:why三、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构为:关系代词/副词 + 主句。
其中,关系代词或副词在定语从句中担任主语、宾语、表语或定语的作用。
四、定语从句的几个常见类型1.限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行进一步的限定,它的信息是先行词不可或缺的一部分。
限制性定语从句与主句之间没有逗号隔开,通常使用关系代词that,也可使用which或who。
例子:The book that you borrowed from me is very interesting.你从我这里借的那本书非常有趣。
2.非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句用来对先行词进行附加说明,它的信息只是对先行词的附加补充,可以省略而不影响句子的整体意思。
非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开,通常使用关系代词which,也可使用who。
例子:The weather, which was sunny and warm, made our picnic very enjoyable.天气晴朗温暖,使得我们的野餐非常愉快。
高考英语定语从句用法归纳及注意事项大全
高考英语定语从句用法及注意事项一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom指人在从句中作宾语whose指人或物在从句中作定语as指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+名词2、as的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as;so…as;thesame…as;as…as注意:thesame…as表示同一类,不同一个thesame…that表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用andthis来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:asweknow/asisknowntoall,asweallcansee,ashasbeensaidbefore/above, asmightbeexcepted,asisoftenthecase,一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为all,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,nothing,none,theo ne等不定代词时。
2、先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,just,very,right等修饰时。
3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时。
专题01定语从句十大考点归纳(清单)-高考英语一轮复习知识清单(全国通用)
专题01 定语从句十大考点(解析版)讲义目录定语从句高考考点细目表P1 考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比P2 考点清单二、关系代词whose, who, whom典型用法归纳P4 考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳P5 考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳P5 考点清单五、关系副词why 典型用法归纳P6 考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语P6 考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳P7 考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构P8 考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法P9 考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查P9 分类训练(一)高考真题P10 分类训练(二)模拟试题P11 分类训练(三)单句改错P12 分类训练(四)句式升级(书面表达)P12 分类训练(五)语篇运用(外刊原创)P13 (一)二十四节气之夏至来历及风俗P13(二)英雄猫及时施救心脏病主人P15近年高考真题定语从句考点细目表考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比要点精讲1:I don’t like the way that/in which you speak to your mum. 我不喜欢你对妈妈说话的方式。
(the way在定语从句充当方式状语)【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7.(2014全国I卷)Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy.8.(2015全国I卷)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.9. (2018全国II卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.10.(2020全国III卷)Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation. (短文改错)【答案与解析】1. that。
高中定语从句十大考点总结
定语从句的十大考点修饰名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词;定语从句的引导词叫关系词(关系代词&关系副词);定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句(前有逗号隔开)引导定语从句的关系代词有:that which who whom whose as关系副词有:when where why定语从句的十大考点1. that 与which 在指代物时的用法区别that 和which都可以引导先行词为物的定语从句,但是用法有区别:(1) 只能用that的情况a.先行词为everything,all,little,much等不定代词时;b.先行词被all,every,no,any,some,little,much,one修饰时;c.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时;d.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;e.先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时;f.先行词有人又有物时;g.当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
(2)只能用which的两种情况a.非限定性定语从句中b.关系代词前面有介词时Galileo built a telescope through which he could study the skies.2.which与as的区别as 和which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句,三种情况下只能用as,不能用whicha. as置于句首引导定语从句时(As we know,…)b. as 含有“正如”之意(…as we expected)c. 先行词前有such, the same 修饰时(…such an easy question as the little boy can answer.)As is often the case等。
3. who、whom、that 的区别a.先行词为指人的不定代词时,如those或people 时,常用关系代词who,不用thatb.介词之后用关系代词whom引导定语从句c.当先行词是一个限定性的表示人的特定名词时,不用that.如:The aunt who came to see us last week is my farther’s younger sister.4. whose 用法“whose”表示谁(可以为人也可以为物)的(东西)例:A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.(“whose parents”表示那个孩子的双亲)He lives in a room whose window faces south.(“whose”表示那个房子的窗户)whose 表所属关系指物时,可与of which 转换,词序一般是:名词+ of whichLook at the building , the roof of which ( = whose roof )is white .5. 介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法a. 介词之后的关系代词只能用which(先行词为物)或者是whom(先行词为人)b. 介词的选择方法有三个原则:一“先”二“动”三“意义”I lost my pen, with which I took notes. (先行词为pen,使用钢笔用with)This is the house in which he lives. (定语从句中谓语动词live为不及物动词)The gas is oxygen without which we can’t live. (根据句意决定)6. 先行词为way时先行词为way,在定语从句中作状语时,用that,in which引导定语从句,也可以省略关系词。
高一定语从句知识点的整理总结、专项训练题目
高一定语从句知识点的整理总结、专项训练题目知识点整理总结:定语从句是英语中常用的一种从句类型,用来修饰名词或代词,使语言更加精准和丰富。
以下是高一阶段定语从句的一些常见知识点总结:1. 定语从句的构成:- 引导词:关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose)或关系副词(when, where, why)。
- 定语从句的位置可以是名词的前面或后面,具体取决于修饰的成分。
2. 关系代词的选择:- 指物时使用关系代词 that 或 which。
- 指人时使用关系代词 who 或 whom。
- 指物时使用关系代词 whose 表示所属关系。
3. 关系副词的使用:- where 表示地点。
- when 表示时间。
- why 表示原因。
4. 定语从句的省略:- 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且不作介词宾语时,可以省略。
5. 定语从句的限制性和非限制性:- 限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词起限定作用,不可省略。
- 非限制性定语从句对所修饰的名词作补充说明,用逗号隔开,一般可省略。
专项训练题目:1. 下列句子中有定语从句的是:- A. The book on the table is mine.- B. This is the pen that I lost yesterday.- D. The boy is tall.2. 选择正确的关系代词填空:- The house _______ you bought is very beautiful.- A. where- B. that- C. who3. 选择正确的关系副词填空:- Do you remember the day ______ we went to the beach? - A. when- B. who- C. why4. 下列句子中哪个是限制性定语从句:- A. My brother, who is a doctor, lives in Paris.- B. The dog that I adopted is very friendly.- C. The house, where we spent our vacation, is now on sale.5. 填入合适的关系代词或关系副词:- This is the bus _______ I often take to work.- A. who- B. when- C. that作答:1. B2. B3. A4. B5. C以上是高一定语从句知识点的整理总结和专项训练题目。
高中英语定语从句知识点总结
定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它用于修饰名词或代词,起到限定或说明的作用。
以下是高中英语定语从句的知识点总结:1. 定语从句的基本结构:定语从句通常由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(when, where, why)引导,它们在句子中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语等成分。
2. 关系代词的用法:- who, whom 用于指人,who 在定语从句中作主语或宾语,whom 在定语从句中作宾语。
- whose 用于指人或物,在定语从句中作定语,表示所属关系。
- which 用于指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
- that 既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
3. 关系副词的用法:- when 表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
- where 表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
- why 表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。
4. 定语从句的省略:当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
5. 定语从句与先行词的隔离:当先行词与定语从句之间被其他词隔开时,可以使用“介词+关系代词”的结构。
6. 定语从句的倒装:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,有时为了保持句子平衡,可以将定语从句倒装。
7. 定语从句的主谓一致:定语从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。
8. 非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句与先行词之间用逗号隔开,起补充说明的作用。
以上是高中英语定语从句的知识点总结,希望对你有所帮助。
在学习定语从句时,还需要通过大量的练习来巩固和掌握这些知识点。
高一英语定语从句归纳整理
高一英语定语从句归纳整理一、定语从句的定义定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,通常放在所修饰的名词或代词之后,被称作后置定语。
定语从句主要分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句两种类型。
二、关系代词的种类及用法关系代词在定语从句中用作宾语或主语,起到指代先行词的作用。
常见的关系代词有that、which、who、whom和whose。
1.That:用于修饰人或物,指代某个特定的事物。
在从句中,that可作主语或宾语。
2.Which:也用于修饰人或物,指代某个特定的事物。
在从句中,which通常作主语或宾语。
3.Who:用于修饰人,指代某个人的身份或特征。
在从句中,who通常作主语。
4.Whom:用于修饰人,指代某个人的身份或特征。
在从句中,whom通常作宾语。
5.whose:用于修饰人或物,指代某个事物的归属或特征。
在从句中,whose通常作定语。
三、关系副词的种类及用法关系副词在定语从句中用作状语,起到修饰整个从句的作用。
常见的关系副词有when、where和why。
1.When:用于修饰时间,指代某个特定的时间点或时间段。
在从句中,when可作时间状语。
2.Where:用于修饰地点,指代某个特定的地点或场所。
在从句中,where可作地点状语。
3.Why:用于修饰原因,指代某个特定的情况或事实。
在从句中,why可作原因状语。
四、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别1.限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句与主句的关系十分紧密,缺之不可,对先行词起限定、修饰的作用。
如果将其去掉,会影响句子完整性,甚至意义不明。
限定性定语从句的先行词前面不可加其他定语修饰词,并且不用逗号隔开。
2.非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解,它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。
非限定性定语从句前面可以加其他定语修饰词。
非限定性定语从句先行词为专有名词或者具有特指性的名词时,一般不用that。
非限定性定语从句还可以由as引导。
高考英语定语从句考点总结最全面精华版
高考靠近仍为英语犯愁?这里有份连老外都点赞地定语从句技巧高考必胜在这个穷得只剩下梦的时候你一定要比别人更努力,概念在复合句中,修饰名词或代词地从句叫定语从句;引导定语从句地词叫关系词; 被修饰地名词或代词叫先行词;定语从句一般放在先行词地后面;二,引导词(1)关系代词:that/who/whom/which/as(2 )关系副词:when/where/why三,分类依据定语从句与先行词地关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句;1,限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不行省去;例如:Any man that / who has a sense of duty won ' t do such a thing.任何有责任感地人都不会做这样地事;2,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整;例如:The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这幢房子很美丽,为我们上个月买地.留意:非限定性定语从句中不能使用关系代词that ;.F 1> 尸A,G & A4ENGLISH >R b 卜 Q £ ° L♦四,关系代词地用法1,that:可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语;(指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不行置于介词后作宾语)如:(1) A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read.(主语)(2)Do you know the gentleman that/who spoke just now.(3)You can take anything ( that) you like.(宾语)(4)What is the question (that/which) they are talking about.(5)Here is the man ( who/whom/that ) you want to see.(6)She's no longer the girl ( that) she used to be before.(表语)(6)Our hometownis no longer the one (that) it used to be.= Our hometown is not the same as it used to be.= Our hometown is different from whatit used to be.= Our hometown is not what it used to be.2,which:指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语;如:(1)The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.(主语)(2)2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.(宾语)(3)The factory in which his father works is far from here.(4)He was proud, which his brother never was.(表语)(5)Tom spent four years in college, during which time he learnedFrench.(定语)(6)He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.3,who, whom, whose:who:主格,在从句中作主语,在口语或非正式用法中作宾语;只可指人whom:宾格,在从句中作宾语;只可指人whose:属格,在从句中作定语,可指人也可指物;(1)I like the students who/that work hard.(主语)(2)All who heard the story were amazed.(代词如he, they, any, those, all, one 等后多用who.)(3)Chaplin, for whom life had once been very hard, was a success as an actor.(宾语)(4)He's a man from whom we should learn. = He's a man (whom/who/that) we should learn from. -I比较: He is the student whom you think to be worthy of your praise.He is the student who you think is worth praising.(5) A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.(指人)I'd like a room whose window faces south.(指物)=I'd like a room of which the window faces south. =I'd like a roomthe window of which faces south.There is a teapot shaped like a Chinese duck, out of whose mouth tea is supposed to come关系代词作介词宾语:关系代词在定语从句中用作介词宾语时,介词可放于从句之首,也可放于从句之末.但以放于句首较为正式.(介词前置,必需留意不影响动词词组地含义;关系代词who 与that用作介词宾语时,介词必需放在句末.)如:(6)This is the book for which you asked.=This is the book (that/which) you asked for.(2)Doyou knowthe person with whomI shook hands.= Doyou knowthe person(whom/who/that) I shook hands with. I(3)The beginning of agriculture was a big step in human progress with which nothing could compare until our information age. I(4)In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.Is this the factory to which you paid a visit last week.Is this factory the one to which you paid a visit last week.(5)This is the girl whom they are looking after.(介词after 与look构成固定词组,不行前置;再如:look at, look for, look after, take care of等)4,as地用法:(as引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语)(1)如为限制性地,多用于the same as ; the same as;such as ; as many/much as;so as 等结构中;如:I have the same book as you (have). 我有一本与你地一样地书;Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been.(关系代词as与指示代词same连在从句中用作表语,先行词为same.)用,Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now.I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning.We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about.There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.比较:I live in the same house that he used to live in.I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.比较:Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.(定语从句)Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.(结果状语从句)(2)如为非限制性地,多单独引导一个定语从句,这种定语从句可置于句首,句中或句尾,译为"正如,这一点";(动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.)As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as 作宾语)=As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as 作主语)=It's knownto all that smoking is harmful to one's health. 或:Smoking is harmful to one's health , as we all know .(as 作宾语)或:Smoking, as we all know, is harmful to one' health. IHe was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.(宾语,先行词为前面整个句子)5,but地用法:but用作关系代词,其意思相当于who/that not ,"没有不",如(1)There is not one of us but wishes to help you.(2)There is no tree but bears some fruit.(3)There are very few but admire his talents.五,关系副词地用法1,when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语;例如:This was the time when he arrived.这为他到达地时间;(when=at which)2,where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语;例如:This is the place where he works.这为他工作地地点;(where=at /in which)3,why指缘由,其先行词为缘由,起缘由状语作用;例如:Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到;(why=for which)。
高二英语定语从句知识点总结
高二英语定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要的句子结构,用来修饰名词或代词。
在高二英语学习中,掌握定语从句的用法对于提高语言表达能力非常重要。
下面是对于高二英语定语从句知识点的总结。
一、定语从句的引导词在定语从句中,引导词用来引导定语从句的开头,常见的引导词有:1.关系代词:主格:who, which, that宾格:whom, which, that所有格:whose, of which, of whom2.关系副词:地点:where原因:why时间:when二、关系代词的用法及区别1. who/that/which/whom的区别:1)who指人,在定语从句中作主语;2)that指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;3)which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;4)whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
2. whose/which of/whom的用法及区别:1)whose表示所有关系,用来修饰名词,后面直接跟名词;2)which of表示从属关系,用来修饰名词,后面跟名词的所属范围;3)of whom表示从属关系,用来修饰短语,后面跟短语的所属范围。
三、定语从句的位置1. 定语从句放在被修饰名词的后面:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.昨天我买的那本书非常有趣。
2. 定语从句放在被修饰名词的前面:The girl who is playing the piano is my sister.正在弹钢琴的那个女孩是我的妹妹。
四、定语从句的省略当定语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时,可将定语从句的关系词和be动词省略。
1. 主语一致的省略:The girl who is standing there is my friend.那个站在那里的女孩是我的朋友。
2. 宾语一致的省略:I found the book (that) I lost yesterday.我找到了我昨天丢掉的那本书。
高三定语从句知识点笔记
1.当定语从句中的主语与先行词相同时,可以将关系代词who/which/that省略。
-正:The boy who is playing basketball is my brother.
→ The boy playing basketball is my brother.
2.当定语从句中的关ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้代词在从句中作宾语时,可以将关系代词who/which/that省略。
以上就是关于高三定语从句的一些知识点的笔记,希望对你有所帮助。祝你考试顺利!
-正:The book which/that I am reading is very interesting.
→ The book I am reading is very interesting.
六、定语从句和定语从句修饰的名词之间的关系
1.先行词和定语从句的关系可以是主动关系、被动关系、所属关系等。
4. whose:
-可以用来修饰人或物,表示所属关系。
-一般用来引导定语从句,修饰名词。
三、定语从句的引导词选择
1.先行词是人时,使用who或that。
-正:The girl who is singing is my friend.
-正:The girl that is singing is my friend.
-错:The girl which is singing is my friend.
2.先行词是物时,使用which或that。
-正:The book which/that is on the table is mine.
-错:The book who/whom is on the table is mine.
定语从句最全面的知识点整理
定语从句最全面的知识点整理定语从句是修饰一个名词或代词的从句,用于进一步说明或限定这个名词或代词的内容。
下面是定语从句的最全面的知识点整理:1.引导词:- 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that- 关系副词:where, when, why2.关系代词的用法:- who:指人作主语或宾语- whom:指人作宾语- whose:指人或物作定语,表示所属关系- which:指物作主语或宾语- that:指人或物作主语或宾语,可省略3.关系副词的用法:- where:指地点,在定语从句中作状语- when:指时间,在定语从句中作状语- why:指原因,在定语从句中作状语4.定语从句的结构:-先行词+关系代词/关系副词+句子-关系代词/关系副词在定语从句中担任特定成分5.定语从句的位置:-定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,形成一个整体6.先行词的选择:- 指人:who, whom, whose- 指物:which, whose- 指人或物:that7.定语从句的用法和功能:-限定性定语从句:对先行词进行具体的限制和说明,不可省略,不用逗号隔开-非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行额外的补充说明,可省略,用逗号隔开8.定语从句的语法注意事项:-先行词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或介词的宾语等- 在定语从句中,关系代词充当宾语时,只能用 whom;关系代词充当主语时,只能用 who 或 that-当关系代词作介词的宾语时9.定语从句的省略:-当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且有前置介词时,可省略-当先行词为所有格时,关系代词可省略10.定语从句的比较级和最高级:-定语从句中修饰的先行词是比较级或最高级时,关系代词与其相应词的用法相同,也可省略。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法和关系代词
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的用法和关系代词定语从句是英语中一个重要的语法结构,用来修饰名词或代词。
它常常由关系代词引导,它们有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that 和关系副词when, where, why。
一、定语从句的引导词1. 关系代词关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语和同位语等成分。
例如:This is the book that I borrowed from the library.(这就是我从图书馆借的书。
)The girl who is talking to Tom is my sister.(正在和汤姆说话的那个女孩是我妹妹。
)2. 关系副词关系副词when, where, why在定语从句中分别表示时间、地点和原因。
例如:The day when we met was unforgettable.(我们相遇的那一天是难以忘怀的。
)This is the house where he used to live.(这是他以前住的房子。
)I don't know the reason why he left.(我不知道他离开的原因。
)二、定语从句的基本结构定语从句的基本结构是:关系代词/关系副词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。
例如:The girl who is wearing a red dress is my cousin.(穿红裙子的那个女孩是我表妹。
)This is the reason why he failed the exam.(这就是他考试不及格的原因。
)三、定语从句的用法1. 修饰人关系代词who, whom, whose在定语从句中修饰人,who作主语,whom作宾语,whose表示所有关系。
例如:The man who is standing over there is my father.(站在那边的那个人是我父亲。
高中定语从句知识点汇总(精版)
定语从句(The Attributive Clause)一、概念:在从句中做定语。
(在复合句中修饰名词、代词)二、做题步骤:1、划分句子成分(主句、从句)2、判断从句属性(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)3、若为定语从句,找出先行词4、判断先行词是人?物?(及其在从句中所作成分——(1)主语、宾语、定语、表语----关系代词;(2)状语---关系副词)5、确定关系词。
三、关系词的分类关系代词:物:that, which人:that, who, whom, whose关系副词:when, where, why*关系词的作用:(1)代替(2)做成分(3)连接四、关系代词的用法区别(一)that和whichThat:1、既能指人,也可指2、可做主语、宾语、表语*只能用that 不能用which的情况1、先行词为everything, anything, nothing, something等不定代词时2、先行词被the only,the one等修饰时3、先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时4、先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时5、先行词既有人又有物时6、先行词本身就是which或who时7、当先行词是由what、who引导的主语从句时*只能用 which不能用that的情况1、引导非限制性定语从句时2、前边有介词时3、先行词本身是that时(二)Who、whom、whose1、who:指人,可做主语、宾语2、whom:指人,可做宾语3、whose:指人或指物,做定语(三)as引导的定语从句可做主语、宾语、表语正如。
,像。
一样1、the same ...as...和the same...that..的区别Eg.This is the same box as i bought.(同名异物)This is the same box that i bought. (同名同物)2、such。
as和such。
that的区别Eg. She is such a clever girl as everyone likes.She is such a clever girl that everyone likes her.*as 和which引导非限制性定语从句中的区别1、as:(1)既可放在主句前,也可句后,也可句中(2)某些固定搭配:as we all know...(3)正如。
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概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the drivingtest, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词:引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)(2)关系词的分类①标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)③关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is aproblem (that/which) people are interested in.比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.(此时只能用which且不能省略)2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is theboy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many youngmen who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right,the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。
常用于以下句型当中:Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样the same …. as… 和…...同样的A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday.He is not the same man as he was.(2)引导非限制性定语从句,此时译为“正如,像”等。
可以放在句首,句中或句末。
As I remember, there were a net bar here.Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事物)This is thesame bike as I lost yesterday. (同类事物)5.关系副词的运用(1)When 在定语从句中做时间状语,先行词为表示时间的time, day等I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. (when=on which)(2)Where 在定语从句中做地点状语,先行词为表地点的place, spot等Can you tell me the office where he works? (where = in which)(3)Why 在定语从句中做原因状语,先行词只有reason.I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent. (why = for which)★ 关系副词 = 相应的介词 + 关系代词★ Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形),situation, position(位置),stage (阶段),point(地步)等What are the situations where body language is the only form of communication?在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。
(此时where = in which)6.几个特殊的先行词(1)way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式 that / in which / 不填The way in which / that / 不填he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.比较:The way which /that/不填 he told to us was quite simple.★way在定语中作tell的宾语(2)先行词time time表示“次数”时,用关系代词that引导定语从句This is the first time that the president has visited the country.time作“一段时间” 讲时,应用关系副词whenThis was the time when there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets★此时when = during which 在..期间(3)先行词reason当在定语从句中作状语时,定语从句的4种引导方式 why/for which/that/不填This is the reason why/for which/that/不填he can not come here.比较:Is this the reason that/which/不填he explained to us for his absence from the conference.★reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语7.介词+关系代词★该结构的关系代词只有两种即介词+which(指物)介词+whom(指人)★该结构介词的选用原则:(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配This is the book on which I spent$ 8.This is the book for which I paid $ 8.(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯I remember the days during which I lived there.I remember the day on which I graduated from university.(3)根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.(4)英语中为了强调某一名词,不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。