长句的翻译翻译
英语翻译长句的翻译--练习
汉译英1. 夺取这个胜利，已经是不要很久的时间和不要花费很大的力气了；巩固这个胜利，则是要很长的时间和要花费很大的力气的事情。
2. 他小的时候，他妈叫他去买红塘，他买了白糖回来。
3. 虽然中国妇女在平等方面取得了巨大的进步,但还未完全实现平等就业机会。
4. 我想，富人们大概过不惯冷清的郊野的冬天，都集向热闹的城市里去了。
I think it is fact that 前动词定话who5. 一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。
6. 冬天，在四周围都是山地的这里，看见太阳的日子真实太少了。
今天，难得雾是这么稀薄，空中融融地混合着金黄的阳光，把地上的一切，好像也照上一层欢笑的颜色。
7. 这对夫妇不久前添置了一套新家具，现在又买了辆新车，他们家的情况一定是好转起来了。
8. 如果是20年前来到张家界国家森林公园，泥泞的山路可能会让游客的兴致打一些折扣。
9. 红十字会已开始一项重大的克隆工程，该工程与培育用于器官捐献的转基因猪有关。
11. 必须采取措施，改善投资环境，切实制止对企业乱摊乱排、乱收费的错误做法。
12. 她坐在那儿注视着，觉得眼前的景象，既是始终如一，又是变化多端，既是光彩夺目，又是朦胧黑暗，既是庄严肃穆，又是轻松愉快。
13. 经过整整一个未眠之夜，办公室里的所有人都显得苍白，眼睛下方都暴出了黑眼圈。
14. 孩子要喂，房间要收拾，我不得不赶在商店关门之前去买蔬菜和猪肉。
15. 有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有多大的才能。
人际关系就是一种善于听取别人意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。
善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。
这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。
因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。
而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。
长句的翻译
长句的翻译一、原序翻译1.请你方考虑，今后货物一经订妥，就不可撤销，我们认为，这样才有助于更好地合作。
We should like to have your consideration that, in the future, orders once placed are not to be cancelled afterwards, which we think will be conducive to better cooperation.2.上海针织公司由37个企业组成，生产规模大，且拥有众多的名牌产品，如“菊花牌”、“鹅牌”和“三枪牌”，公司每年的销售额高达13亿人民币。
Shanghai Knitting Corporation is made up of 37 enterprises and enjoys a broad production scale; with several well –known local brands such as “Chrysanthemum ”, “Swan” and “Three Guns”, it has annual sales volume of about 1.3 billion RMB.二、分译1)汉语长句中若有反问句、反诘句或感叹句，英译时往往要分译。
1.盛夏炎热，一走进浙江莫干山的林间小道就汗止心凉，加上轻风拂煦，浑身有说不出的舒坦，忍不住要赞叹一声：莫干山，好一个清凉世界！No matter how hot it is “outside”, once you step onto the trail through the forest on Mogan Mountain in Zhejiang Province, the sweat withdraws from your body. In addition, the breeze refreshes you with a gentle caress. How cool it is!2.延安虽然还没有战争，但军队天天在前方打仗，后方也唤工作忙，文章太长，有谁来看呢？Although there is as yet no fighting here in Yen’an, our troops are daily engaged in battle, and the people in the rear are busy at work. If articles are too long, who will read them?2)汉语长句中若有比方句，英译时往往要分译。
汉译英长句的翻译方法
汉译英长句的翻译方法将汉语长句翻译成英语时，可以采用以下几种方法：1.分割句子：将长句分割成较短的句子，每个句子表达一个完整的思想，并在英语翻译中使用适当的连接词或标点符号来连接这些句子。
例句：我昨天去了图书馆，借了一本关于历史的书，然后在图书馆里看了两个小时。
英文翻译：I went to the library yesterday and borrowed a book about history. Then, I spent two hours reading it in the library.2. 使用从句：将长句中的一部分转换为从句，并在英语翻译中使用适当的连接词（如that, which, who, when, where等）引导从句。
例句：她告诉我她去年参加了一个很有意思的会议，这个会议是在纽约市举行的。
英文翻译：She told me that she attended an interesting conference last year, which was held in New York City.3. 使用定语从句：将长句中作为修饰的部分转换为定语从句，并在英语翻译中使用适当的关系代词（如that, which, who, whom等）引导定语从句。
例句：我喜欢那个戴眼镜的男孩，他总是很友好。
英文翻译：I like the boy who wears glasses; he is always friendly.4.利用省略：可以在英语翻译中省略一些不重要或重复的信息，使句子更清晰和简洁。
例句：我昨天和朋友一起去了看电影，然后吃了晚饭。
英文翻译：I went to watch a movie with my friends yesterday and had dinner afterwards.以上是一些常用的翻译方法，根据具体语境和句子结构的复杂程度，可以选择适合的方法进行翻译。
定语从句与长句的翻译
Try to translate: Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. ［译文］行为主义者的看法是：如果一个儿童在有许多刺激物的环境中成长，而这些刺激物又能够发展其适应反应能力的话，那么这个儿童在智力方面将会得到更大的发展。
诚实的人最聪明。
发光的不都是金子。
供给避难所
定语从句
Try to translate: He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。 Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore. 太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。 His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence. 他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。
05
我们驾驶的飞机几乎每一个部件都有一些国籍标志。
单击此处添加大标题内容
余额
Try to translate: As she turned the corner a new idea occurred to her, which made her stop dead. 走到拐弯处，她突然想到了一个新主意，立刻停了下来。 In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention. 在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。 She had a balance at her banker’s which would have made her beloved anywhere. 她在银行里的存款足以使她到处受到欢迎。
长句翻译(落花生及译文)
落花生许地山我们屋后有半亩隙地。
母亲说：“让它荒芜著怪可惜，既然你们那么爱吃落花生，就辟来做花生园罢。
”我们几姐弟和几个小丫头都很喜欢－－买种的买种，动土的动土，灌园的灌园；过不了几个月，居然有收获了!妈妈说：“今晚我们可以作一个收获节，也请你们爹爹来尝尝我们的新花生，如何？”我们都答应了。
母亲把花生做成好几样的食品，还吩咐这节期要在园里的茅亭举行。
那晚上的天色不太好，可是爹爹也到来，实在很难得！爹爹说：“你们爱吃花生么？”我们都争著答应：“爱！”“谁能把花生的好处说出来？”姐姐说：“花生的气味很美。
”哥哥说：“花生可以制油。
”我说：“无论何等人都可以用贱价买它来吃；都喜欢吃它。
这就是它的好处。
”爹爹说：“花生的用处固然很多；但有一样是很可贵的。
这小小的豆不像年好看的苹果、桃子、石榴，把推们的果实悬在枝上，鲜红嫩绿的颜色，令人一望而发生羡慕之心。
它只把果子埋在地底，等到成熟，才容人把它挖出来。
你们偶然看见一棵花生瑟缩地长在地上，不能立刻辨出它有没有果实，非得等到你接触它才能知道。
”我们都说：“是的。
”母亲也点点头。
点点接下去说：“所以你们要像花生，因为它是有用的，不是伟大、好看的东西。
”我说：“那么，人要做有用的人，不要做伟大、体面的人了。
”点点说：“这是我对于那么的希望。
”我们谈到夜阑才散，所有花生食品虽然没有了，然而父亲的话现在还印在我心版上。
The Peanut刘士聪译At the back of our house there was a mu of vacant land. “It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that,” Mother said, “Since you all enjoy ea ting peanuts, let us open it up and make it a peanut garden.” At that my brother, sister and I were all delighted and so were the younghousemaids. Some went to buy seeds, some dug the ground and others watered it and, in a couple of months, we had a harvest.“Let us have a party tonight to celebrate,” Mother suggested, “and ask Dad to come for a taste of our fresh peanuts. What do you say?” we all agreed, of course. Mother cooked the peanuts in different styles and told us to go to the thatched pavilion in the garden for the celebration.The weather was not very good that night but, to our great delight, Dad came all the same. “Do you like peanuts?” Dad asked.“Yes!” we all answered eagerly.“But who can tell me what the peanut is good for?”“It is very delicious to eat,” my sister took the lead.“It is good for making cooking oil,” my brother followed.“It is inexpensive,” I said, “Almost everyone can afford it and everyone enjoys eating it, I think this is what it is good for.”“Peanut is good for many things,” Dad said, “but there is one thing that is particularly good about it. Unlike apples, peaches or pomegranates that display their fruits up in the air, attracting you with their beautiful colors, peanut buries its fruit in the earth. It does not show itself until you dig it out when it is ripe and, unless you dig out, you can’t tell whether it bears fruit or not just by its frail stems above ground.”“That is true,” we all said and Mother nodded her assent. “So you should try to be like the peanut,” Dad went on, “because it is useful, though not great or attractive.”“Do you mean,” I asked, “we should learn to be useful but not seek to be great or attractive?”“Yes,” Dad said. “This is what I wish you to be.”We stayed up late that night, eating all the peanuts Mother had cooked for us. But Father’s words remained vivid in my memory till this day.。
英语复合句长句带翻译例句
英语复合句长句带翻译例句1、We heard the news that our team had won.我听到消息说我们的队伍获胜了。
2、Whether he will come is not clear.他会不会赴会仍是未知数。
3、What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
4、It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
5、He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
6、I insist that she (should) do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。
7、She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
8、You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。
9、Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。
10、Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
11、As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
12、Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。
13、Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。
14、He won't go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。
汉英翻译-长句的翻译课件
方式，人物的形象也跃然纸上。可以说，
两种译文各有千秋，但这种情况下，还是 译文2胜出，因为其较好的包流量人物的形 象。
• 三、宾语
农学家深知繁育我们今天所能得到的各种玉米花费了（农 民们）好几百年的时光。 【译文】farm experts know that it has taken hundreds of
• 2、矿物燃料每年释放52亿公吨二氧 化碳进入大气，同时热带森林的燃烧 大约释放出18亿公吨二氧化碳——这 两方面都对二氧化碳的集结产生作用， 因而会引发温室效应。
• 【译文】Fossil fuels set off 5.2
billion metric tons of CO₂ into the
aical forests emits roughly 1.8
• 【译文2】“you’re a nice one!” she said. “you made me mix all this ink for you this morning, sat down in a state of great enthusiasm, wrote just three characters, threw down the brush again, rushed out, and left me waiting here all day for you to come back and finish. Now you just sit down here and use this ink up, and perhaps I’ll let the matter pass!”(霍 克斯 译)
• 【点评】原句虽然较长，但分析后不难得出句意 间的因果关系。先是总述其结果，其后是句子的 原因状语“因为经济上不去”，最后又做了详细 的分述。句子中这种先果后因的顺序正好与英语 思维一致，因此我们可以采用顺译法来处理此句 中的状语成分。
抒情英语长句带翻译
抒情英语长句带翻译The Beauty of Nature: A Journey Through the Scenic Landscapes。
Nature is a magical creation of God that never ceases to amaze us with its beauty and grandeur. It is the perfect embodiment of serenity, tranquility, and peace that rejuvenates our mind, body, and soul. The scenic landscapes of nature are a sight to behold, and every time we witness its beauty, it leaves an indelible mark on our hearts and minds. In this article, we will take a journey through the scenic landscapes of nature and explore its beauty in all its glory.The majestic mountains, with their snow-capped peaks, are a symbol of strength and resilience. They stand tall and proud, defying the forces of nature, and offer a breathtaking view of the world below. The misty valleys, nestled between these mountains, are a sight to behold. The lush greenery, the cascading waterfalls, and the chirpingof birds create a symphony of nature that is music to our ears.The serene beaches, with their pristine waters and sandy shores, are a perfect getaway from the hustle and bustle of city life. The sound of waves crashing against the shore, the salty breeze, and the warmth of the sun on our skin, all combine to create a sense of calm and tranquility that is hard to find elsewhere.The vast expanse of deserts, with their rolling sand dunes and endless horizons, are a testament to the beauty of simplicity. The stark contrast of the orange sand against the blue sky creates a surreal and mesmerizing landscape that is truly awe-inspiring.The dense forests, with their towering trees and diverse wildlife, are a haven for nature lovers. The rustling of leaves, the chirping of birds, and the occasional roar of a wild animal, all add to the mystique and charm of these forests.The tranquil lakes, with their crystal-clear waters and mirror-like reflections, are a sight to behold. Thestillness of the water, the gentle ripples caused by a passing breeze, and the vibrant colors of the surrounding flora, all combine to create a picture-perfect landscapethat is straight out of a postcard.In conclusion, the scenic landscapes of nature are atrue testament to the beauty and grandeur of this magical creation. It is a reminder that amidst the chaos andturmoil of our daily lives, there is still a sense of peace and tranquility that can be found in the lap of nature. So, the next time you feel overwhelmed or stressed, take a break, and immerse yourself in the scenic beauty of nature. It will leave you rejuvenated, refreshed, and ready to take on the challenges of life with renewed vigor and enthusiasm.。
英汉翻译 句子翻译三
句子翻译（三）常见句型的翻译——定语从句的翻译
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I、译成前置定语
一般说来，限制性的定语从句可提前译成定语。还有一些 定语从句，虽然并不明显地带有限制性质，但本身较短，和被 修饰语的关系紧密，也可译成前置定语。 1. To be sure, a great rebuilding project would give jobs to many of those people who need them.
Translation of Sentences III
句子翻译（三）---常见句型翻译
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常见句型的翻译:
定语从句的翻译
状语从句的翻译 名词性从句的翻译
长句的翻译
句子翻译（三） 常见句型的翻译——定语从句的翻译
定语从句的译法
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Attributive clauses are widely used in English. In many cases, sentences are made very long because of attributive clauses. Hence it is important to have a correct comprehension and an accurate translation of attribute clauses. Different attributive clauses may express different meaning such as purpose, concession, result and so on. An attributive clause usually follows the word it modifies. This is different from Chinese. In Chinese there is no post-position attributive and there can’t be too many modifiers preceding the modified word. All this causes changes in translating some sentences which contain attributive clauses.
100句英语励志名言长句简短带翻译
100句英语励志名言长句简短带翻译1.Believe you can and you’re halfway there.相信你能做到，你已经成功了一半。
2.The best way out is always through.最好的出路始终是直面困难。
3.Don’t watch the clock; do what it does. Keep going.别老盯着表走会走的路吧，坚持去做吧。
4.It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop.不急功近利，慢慢来，只要不停顿就好。
5.You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream.永远不会太晚去设立新的目标或梦想。
6.Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success.成功并不是幸福的关键，幸福才是成功的关键。
7.The only way to do great work is to love what you do.唯一做伟大事业的方法就是热爱你所做的事。
8.Happiness is not something you postpone for the future; it is something you design for the present.幸福不是将来的梦想，而是现在创造的奇迹。
9.The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.明天最好的准备是今天尽力做好每一件事。
10.Your limitation—it’s only your imagination.你的限制，是你的想象而已。
11.Wake up with determination. Go to bed with satisfaction.有目标坚定前行，有成就满意而归。
100句英语励志名言长句短句带翻译
100句英语励志名言长句短句带翻译1.Success is not the key to happiness. Happiness is the key to success. If you love what you are doing, you will be successful. 成功并非幸福之钥，幸福才是成功之钥。
如果你热爱自己的工作，你必然成功。
2.The future belongs to those who believe in the beauty of their dreams. 未来属于那些相信自己梦想之美的人。
3.Believe you can and you’re halfway there. 相信你行，你已经成功了一半。
4.The only way to do great work is to love what you do. 唯一的成功之道是热爱自己的工作。
5.Do one thing every day that scares you. 每天做一件让你恐惧的事。
6.It does not matter how slowly you go as long as you do not stop. 行进缓慢并不要紧，只要你别停下来。
7.Success is walking from failure to failure with noloss of enthusiasm. 成功就是在失败与失败之间不失热情地前行。
8.The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today. 我们未来任何成就的唯一界限是我们今天的怀疑。
9.Don’t watch the clock; do what it does. Keep going.不要盯着钟表，做钟表所做的事，继续前行。
10.In the end, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends. 我们最终会记住的不是敌人说的话，而是朋友的沉默。
英语长句的翻译
顺序法
• Always obey your parents—when they are present. • 父母的话总是要听的---当然是他们在身边的时候. • 这是美国作家马克· 吐温在一次关于学生该不该听从父母的管教的演讲 时,所讲的一句话.它妙就妙在将限定语放在了后面,这其实是对前面忠 告的一种否定. • It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. • 译文一:世间有这样一条公认的真理---凡财产丰厚的单身男人势必想娶 个太太. • 译文二: 有钱的单身汉想娶个太太,这是一条举世公认的真理. • 从句法上看,英语原文可视为 “圆周句”,读者以为作者将郑重其事地 宣告一个举世公认的真理,然而读到最后一个词却出乎意料地发现,所 谓”举世公认的真理,只不过是市侩的庸俗意识而已.翻译Austen这句 名言时,我们应该充分考虑原文的这些特征,即”先庄后谐”. •
状语从句的翻译
• 引导英语状语从句的从属连词,基本上可以 在汉语中找到对应的关联词,但有时不必翻 译,因为引导汉语状语分句的关联词时常省 略.英语状语从句的位置颇为灵活,置于主句 之前或之后均可. • The iron should be stricken while it is hot. 趁热打铁 • If winter comes, can spring be far away? • 冬天来了，春天还会远吗?
2019年英语长句的理解与翻译
英语长句的理解与翻译1．Many experts suggest that the child raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.译文：许多专家认为：如果一个儿童在有许多刺激的环境里长大，而这些刺激能够开发其相应的反映能力，那么这个儿童将会有得到更好的智力发展。
2．How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information and on the skill with which it is interpreted.译文：这些预测在多大程度上会被后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性以及解释这些信息的技能。
3．Immediately the army opened fire, killing four men and injuring the fifth who later died of his wounds.译文：部队突然开了火，打死四人，还有一人受伤。
后来此人也因伤势过重死去。
．4．The king, whose power is unlimited, and whose treasures surmount战胜all real and imaginary wants, is compelled to ease, by the construction of the Great Wall, the satiety厌倦of dominion and tastelessness of pleasure.译文：那个权力无上、财富无竭的国王，只有通过修筑长城来减轻自己对权力的厌倦和对欢乐的麻木。
英语长难句翻译
Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence/ that these creatures preserve the health of game/ by killing the physically weak,/ or that they prey only on “worthless” species. 【标准译文】生物学家曾经一度动辄援引如 下证据，说掠食者靠猎杀体弱的动物维持了 整个猎物群的健康，或者说它们捕食的只是 一些“无价值”的猎物而已。
最令女主人失望的是，她花了许多心神 或费用来招待客人，可是这位客人只顾 津津有味地与她的丈夫论政治，谈生意， 丝毫也没有注意到咖啡的浓香、糕点的 松软或房间内讲究的陈设，而这些却可 能是她最感兴趣、最为自豪的。
He was puzzled that I didn’t want what was obviously a “step” toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power.
所有美国人受的教育都是要在长大成人 后去追求金钱和权力，而我却放着明摆 着的“阶梯”不上，他对此大为不解。
The medical waste that has fouled beaches in the New York region at the peak of the summer season has taken its toll on business all along the shore, driving vacationers away both from beaches that have been closed and from those that have remained open.
长句翻译汉译英
Long sentence translationCompact vs. Diffuse1门口放着一堆伞，少说也有12把，五颜六色，大小不一。
There are a pile of umbrellas in the door, at least twelve, various colors and different sizes.In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.2我厂生产的112升，和145升冰箱造型美观，质量可靠，耗电少，使用安全方便。
The 112 and 145 Liter volumes of fridges made in our factory are with high quality, low power consumption and safely conveniently to use.The refrigerators of 112 and 145 liters manufactured by our plant are noted for their graceful styles, reliable quality, low power consumption, easy operation and safety./easy and safe operation.3 有一个年轻人，名叫颜回，家里很穷，缺吃少穿，insufficient 住的房子又破又小。
(dilapidated )There is a poor young man named Yanhui, insufficient with food and clothes and living in a small dilapidated house.There was a young man. He was called Yanhui. His family was very poor. They did not have enough food to eat and clothing to wear. The house they lived in was small and dilapidated.There was a young man called Yanhui, who was so poor that his family lived in a small, dilapidated house with insufficient food and clothing.4 为了实现儿时的梦想，我毫不犹豫地选择了化学专业。
英语长句的翻译方法
长句的翻译方法1．顺序翻译法（1）The problem is that the last generation or so we’re come to assume that women should be able, and should want, to do everything that by tradition men have done at the same time as prettywell everything that by tradition women have done.问题是，在过去二十年时间里，我们已经认定，妇女们应该能够且应该想做男人们想做男人们传统上所做的一切，而同时也能够做得跟妇女们传统上所做的一切同样好。
（2）Exercise*Prior to the twentieth century,women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individual and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the mali-dominated culture.2. 逆序翻译法（1）It therefore becomes more and more important that, if studentsare not to waste theiropportuniti es,there will have tobe much detailed informationabout courses and advice.因此，如果要使学生充分利用（上大学）的机会，就得为他们提供关于课程的更为详尽的信息，作更多的指导。
这个问题显得越来越重要了。
（2）Exercises*It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reason why learning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the language have been understood.*A great number of graduate students were driven into the intellectual slum when in the United States the intellectual poor because the classic poor, the poor under the rather romantic guise of the beat generation, a real phenomenon in the later fifties.*Such a human nature in the west that a great many people are often willingto sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.*Clear-cut guidelines and politics have been worked out and expressed in accurate language concerning the economy, politics, science and technology, education, culture and military and foreign affairs.3. 分译法翻译英语句子时，有时我们可以把原文的句子结构整个保存下来或只作稍改变即可，但在不少情况下则必须将原来的句子结构作较大的改变。
英语翻译长句翻译的译文
Translation Exercises: (长句的翻译3)Sentence translation:1. A fuel is a material which will burn at a reasonable temperature and produce heat.燃料是一种物质，在适当温度下能够燃烧并放出热量。
2.They aorked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.他们制定出一种新方法，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。
3. There are some chemical fuels that are clean and smokeless.有些化学燃料是洁净无烟的。
4. There are some metals which posess the power to conduct electricity and the ability to be magnetized.某些金属既能导电，又能被磁化。
5. This type of meter is called a multimeter, which is used to measure electricity.这种仪表称为万用表，用来测量电。
6. Fine grains of dust can reflect blue light, which coars grains of dust cannot.微粒粉尘能反射蓝光，但粗粒粉尘却不能。
7. A solid fuel, like coal or wood, can only burn at the surface, where it comes into contact with the air.固体燃料，如煤和木材，只能在表面燃烧，因为表面接触空气。
8. We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.我们知道，由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜也能看得很清楚。
长句
长句翻译（二）一．顺序法原句的句法结构、句子内容是按逻辑次序盘拍的，所叙述的一连串动作是按动作发生的时间先后安排的，与汉语表达方式相近，此时可采用顺序法，即按原文顺序译出。
例1：It was argued that perhaps during its existence inside the body of the mother, the growing embryo becomes fixated on the sound of the heartbeat; if this is so, then the rediscovery of this familiar sound after birth might have a calming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been thrust into a strange and frighteningly new world outside.译文1：有人提出，如果生长的胎儿在母体内就记住了母体的心跳声，那么婴儿出生后，尤其是它刚刚来到外面这一陌生而令人惊恐的新世界时，这种重新发现会使它得到镇定。
译文2：有人提出，胎儿在母体内生长时就记住了母体的心跳声；如果是这样的话，那么婴儿出生后重新发现这一熟悉的心跳会对它起到一种镇静的作用，尤其是它刚刚来到外面这一陌生而令人惊恐的新世界时。
二．换序法当英语句中的逻辑次序与汉语相反时，翻译时应该按照汉语的逻辑、实践顺序调整语序。
例2：And he knew how ashamed he would have been if his girlfriend had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born.译文1：他知道他会非常地丢脸，如果他的女朋友知道了他的母亲，他出生的地方以及他所出生的人群。
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第一节 分清主从理顺关系--1. 找出主干结构
1) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. (1999 年) 主干结构： modern practice ... conforms to one: 现代实践与一种 ……相符；one指代definition; 让步状语从句： While there are ... historians，是一个比较结构： 虽然历史的定义几乎多得和历史 学家一样。
系加以安排。在表达比较复杂的概念时，汉语常用一组分立的中短句、并列
的散句或流水句。
• 针对英语修饰语多而位置灵活、连接成分多而层次迭出、句式冗长而复杂的
特点，英译汉时应先弄清英语的句子结构，从找出整个句子的中心内容及其 各层意思入手，然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系（因果、时间顺序 等），再按照汉语的特点和表达方式，正确地译出原文意思。下面结合第一 二讲的内容和历年考研真题介绍翻译英语长句的方法。
•关键信息：whether methodology refers to ... or to ...
• 1) There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate on the various branches of historical inquiry. (1999 年)
• 而且，英语长句的特点是重点内容在前，次要内容在 后。而汉语表达恰恰相反。因此，在翻译有些英语长 句时，要采用逆译法，即先译出全句的后一部分，然
后再依次向前翻译，称为逆译法或变序译法。
变 序 译 法
第一节 分清主从理顺关系--- 2. 抓关键信息
主干结构：There is no agreement
• 主干结构： Pearson has pieced together the work： • 其后hundreds of researchers around the world 为后置定语； • 目的状语： to produce a calendar 其中：
原 序 译 法
• that gives the latest dates 是calendar的后置定语；
• 1. Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. (1999 年)
• 本句宜使用逆序法, 按汉语的“由于„„因此„„”的表 达习惯, 对语序作调整。 • 参考译文：由人口猛增或大量人口流动 (现代交通工具使 这种方式相对容易) 造成的种种问题也会对社会造成额外 的压力。
变 序 译 法
第一节 分清主从理顺关系 --- 3. 抓逻辑关系
• 有些英语长句结构复杂，包含多层意思，翻译时，就应该 在理解的基础上不拘泥于原文的形式，大胆拆开原文的结 构，将从句或修饰语译成几个独立的短句。这种方法称为 “分译法”。此时，注意原文的逻辑关系能保证译文层次 清楚、结构有条不紊。
分 译
第一节 分清主从理顺关系 --- 3. 抓逻辑关系
• 1. Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. (1999 年) 主干结构：Interest ... has arisen ...
• 1. Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves. (1999 年) • 参考译文：人们对历史研究方法产生兴趣，主要是因为 史学界内部意见不统一，其次是因为外界怀疑历史作为 一门学科的正当性。 • Quarrel的翻译使用了词类转换法和正说反译法。
长句的翻译 ——考研翻译
• 第一节 分清主从 理顺关系 调整顺序
• 第二节 适当增减 合理转换 自然流畅
• 第三节 英语从句 切拆插组 灵活处理 • 第四节 考研翻译的临场解题思路与步骤
第一节 分清主从 理顺关系 调整顺序
• 英语的复杂句式使得英译汉非常费 力。翻译结构复杂的英语句子宜从 分清主从结构入手, 理顺原文的主次 关系, 从而把握好译文的整体框架结 构, 形成“通顺、达意”的译文。
• 参考译文：尽管有多少历史学家几乎就有多少对历史 的定义，但现代实践与一种定义最相符：历史就是试 图重现和解释过去的重大事件。 • 本句中attempt的翻译使用了词类转换法。
原 序 译 法
第一节 分清主从理顺关系--1. 找出主干结构
• 2) Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. (2001 年)
1) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. (1999 年)
变 序 译 法
• 本句划线部分使用了次序调整法。
第一节 分清主从理顺关系--- 2. 抓关键信息
• 2) Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements — themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. (2000年) • 主干结构：Additional social stresses may also occur
原 序 译 法
定语从句：that sees history as ... of the past，其中不定式短语 to recreate and explain the significant events of the past 为 the attempt 的 定语
第一节 分清主从理顺关系--1. 找出主干结构
细节内容1：the concepts peculiar to historical work in general
变 序 译 法
细节内容2：the research techniques appropriate on the various branches of historical inquiry
翻译讲座
长句的翻译
—考研翻译
• 英语注重形合，其连接手段丰富多彩，既可以通过大量使用介词、连词、连 接代词、连接副词，还可以依靠关系代词、关系副词以及单词的形态变化等 手段来表明各种关系，达到连接的目的。汉语更注重意合，形式连接手段远 不如英语那样种类繁多。汉语没有词形变化，较少使用连接词，较多使用动 词；语法关系主要通过词序体现，句子内容则基本上依据时间顺序和逻辑关
第一节 分清主从理顺关系--- 2. 抓关键信息
• 1) There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate on the various branches of historical inquiry. (1999 年) • 参考译文：方法论是指一般历史研究中的特有概念， 还是指适合历史研究中的众多具体领域的研究方法， 对此人们没有形成一致意见。
原因状语：less through ..• 根据表达的需要, 这一结构可以用不同的方法翻译为: