变形监测毕业论文

摘要

随着经济和城市化进程的不断发展，建筑越来越呈现向多层、高层和超高层发展的趋势。而多层及高层建筑在建造的过程中必然产生一定的水平或者垂直位移，严重者甚至会危及建筑的安全，造成国家和人民重大的经济损失。因此，建筑物的变形监测与预报是建筑施工中的一个不可或缺的重要环节，也是测绘工程领域研究的热点问题之一。变形监测是一种监测变形体安全性的重要手段，它通过实时获取变形体的动态位移信息来预警变形体的安危状况。在测量工作的实践和科学研究的活动中,变形监测都占有重要的位置。本文主要针对多层及高层建筑物，研究探讨建筑工程变形监测常用技术方法以及如何在保证建筑工程自身稳定的同时，有效控制建筑的变形以保证工程及周围环境安全的技术和方法。总之，建筑变形监测己经成为建筑设计、监测、施工中的一项重要内容。本文重点分析比较几种不同变形观测的方法，特别是建筑基坑变形、建筑沉降位移、水平位移、倾斜位移、沉降位移、挠度的变形监测。

关键词：建筑物、变形监测、建筑基坑变形、水平位移、倾斜位移、沉降位移、挠度

Abstract

With the continuous development of economy and city development, building more and more presents to multi-layer, high-rise and super high-rise development trend. And the multi-storey and high-rise buildings in the process of construction will have certain vertical or horizontal displacement, and even endanger the safety of buildings, caused significant economic losses to the country and the people. Therefore, deformation monitoring and prediction of building is one of the most important aspects of building construction, and is also one of the hot issues in the field of Surveying and mapping engineering. Deformation monitoring is an important means of monitoring the deformation body safety, it gets the deformation body through real-time dynamic displacement information security warning of deformable body. In the practice of and scientific research on measurement of work activities, deformation monitoring plays an important role. In this paper, multi-storey and high-rise building, research building engineering deformation monitoring technology me thods and how to ensure the construction itself at the same time, the deformation of the effective control of construction to ensure that the technology and method of construction safety and surrounding environment. In short, the building deformation monitoring has become a building design, construction, monitoring is an important content in. This paper focuses on the analysis and comparison of several different deformation observation method, especially in the construction of foundation pit deformation, building settlement displacement, horizontal displacement, tilt displacement, displacement, deflection deformation monitoring.

Keywords: building, building deformation monitoring, deformation of foundation pit, horizontal displacement, tilt displacement, dis placement, deflection

目录

1绪论 (1)

1.1引言 (1)

1.2 本文研究的主要内容 (1)

2建筑变形监测概述 (3)

2.1 建筑变形监测 (3)

2.2 建筑变形监测的必要性 (3)

2.3 建筑变形监测的目的 (3)

2.4建筑变形监测方案的设计 (4)

2.4.1 设计的原则 (4)

2.4.2 方案内容的制定 (4)

3建筑基坑变形监测内容及方法原理 (4)

3.1 工程概况 (5)

3.2 变形监测的主要内容 (5)

3.3 监测方法原理 (6)

3.3.1 监测点水平位移测量 (6)

3.3.2 围护结构侧向位移监测 (6)

3.4 监测频率与资料整理提交 (8)

3.4.1 监测初始值测定 (8)

3.4.2 施工监测频率 (8)

4 建筑沉降监测 (9)

4.1 监测方法的分析与确定 (9)

4.2 点位布设 (9)

4.3 建立高程控制网施测 (11)

4.4 观测技术要求 (11)

4.5 沉降观测的数据处理 (11)

5 建筑水平位移的变形监测 (12)

5.1 测点布置和埋设 (13)

5.2 平面控制网的建立和初始值的观测 (13)

5.3 水平位移监测方法的分析和比较 (13)